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diff --git a/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..3d3cab36 --- /dev/null +++ b/backup/Mass_-_Transfer_Operations_version_backup/Chapter2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,333 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:c59a45d9559284ebbfa4c56e2ad9c90a674f6e02433515bc489ee0db922e92e9"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 2:Molecular Diffusion In Fluids"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.1: Pg-30"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# Illustration 2.1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# solution\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#***Data***#\n",
+ "# a = O2 & b = CO\n",
+ "Dab = 1.87*10**(-5);#[square m/s]\n",
+ "Pt = 10**5;#[N/square m]\n",
+ "z = 0.002;#[m]\n",
+ "R = 8314;#[Nm/kmol]\n",
+ "T = 273;#[K]\n",
+ "Pa1 = 13*10.0**(3);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Pb1 = 10**(5)-13*10**(3);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Pa2 = 6500;#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Pb2 = 10**(5)-6500.0;#[N/square m]\n",
+ "#********#\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculation from Eqn. 2.30\n",
+ "Pbm = (Pb1-Pb2)/math.log(Pb1/Pb2);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Na = Dab*Pt*(Pa1-Pa2)/(R*T*z*Pbm);#[kmol/square m.s]\n",
+ "print\" Rate of diffusion of oxygen is\",round(Na,7),\"kmol/square m.sec \""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Rate of diffusion of oxygen is 2.97e-05 kmol/square m.sec \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.2:Pg-30"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Illustration2.2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# solution\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#***Data***#\n",
+ "Pt = 10**5.0;#[N/square m]\n",
+ "z = 0.002;#[m]\n",
+ "R = 8314.0;#[Nm/kmol]\n",
+ "T = 273;#[K]\n",
+ "#a = O2 b = CH4 c = H2\n",
+ "Pa1 = 13*10**(3);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Pb1 = 10**(5)-13*10**(3);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Pa2 = 6500.0;#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Pb2 = 10.0**(5)-6500;#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Dac = 6.99*10**(-5);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Dab = 1.86*10.0**(-5);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "#*******#\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculation from Eqn. 2.30\n",
+ "Pbm = (Pb1-Pb2)/math.log(Pb1/Pb2);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "Yb_prime = 2.0/(2+1);\n",
+ "Yc_prime = 1-Yb_prime;\n",
+ "Dam = 1.0/((Yb_prime/Dab)+(Yc_prime/Dac));#[square m.s]\n",
+ "Na = Dam*(Pa1-Pa2)*Pt/(R*T*z*Pbm);#[kmol/square m.s]\n",
+ "print \"Rate of diffusion is\",round(Na,7),\"kmol/square m.sec\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rate of diffusion is 3.91e-05 kmol/square m.sec\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.3:Pg-32"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Illustration2.3\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# solution\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#***Data***#\n",
+ "# a = C2H5OH b = air\n",
+ "Pt = 101.3*10**(3);#[N/square m]\n",
+ "T = 273.0 ;#[K]\n",
+ "#********#\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ma = 46.07;# [kg/kmol]\n",
+ "Mb = 29.0;# [kg/kmol]\n",
+ "#For air from Table 2.2 (Pg 33)\n",
+ "Eb_by_k = 78.6;# [K]\n",
+ "rb = 0.3711; # [nm]\n",
+ "# For C2H5OH using Eqn. 2.38 & 2.39\n",
+ "# From Table 2.3\n",
+ "Va = (2*0.0148)+(6*0.0037)+(0.0074);# [cubic m/kmol]\n",
+ "Tba = 351.4;# [K]\n",
+ "ra = 1.18*(Va**(1/3.0));#[nm]\n",
+ "Ea_by_k = 1.21*Tba;# [K]\n",
+ "rab = (ra+rb)/2.0;# [nm]\n",
+ "Eab_by_k = math.sqrt(Ea_by_k*Eb_by_k);# [K]\n",
+ "Collision_value = T/Eab_by_k;\n",
+ "#From Fig. 2.5 (Page: 32) f(collision value)\n",
+ "Collision_func = 0.595;\n",
+ "Dab = (10**(-4)*(1.084-(0.249*math.sqrt((1/Ma)+(1/Mb))))*T**(3.0/2)*math.sqrt((1/Ma)+(1/Mb)))/(Pt*(rab**2)*Collision_func);#[square m/s]\n",
+ "print\" The diffusivity of ethanol through air at 1 atm. & 0 degree C is\",round(Dab,7),\"m^2/s\"\n",
+ "print\" The observed value from (Table 2.1) is 1.02*10^(-5) square m/s'\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The diffusivity of ethanol through air at 1 atm. & 0 degree C is 1.05e-05 m^2/s\n",
+ " The observed value from (Table 2.1) is 1.02*10^(-5) square m/s'\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 28
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.4:Pg-34"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Illustration 2.4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# solution\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#***Data****#\n",
+ "# a = acetic acid b = H2O\n",
+ "z = 0.001;# [m]\n",
+ "Dab = 0.95*10**(-9);#[square m/s]\n",
+ "#************#\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ma = 60.03;# [kg/kmol]\n",
+ "Mb = 18.02;# [kg/kmol]\n",
+ "#At 17 C & 9% solution\n",
+ "density1 = 1012; #[kg/cubic m]\n",
+ "Xa1 = (0.09/Ma)/((0.09/Ma)+(0.91/Mb));\n",
+ "Xb1 = 1-Xa1;\n",
+ "M1 = 1/((0.09/Ma)+(0.91/Mb));# [kg/kmol]\n",
+ "#At 17 C & 3% solution\n",
+ "density2 = 1003.2; #[kg/cubic m]\n",
+ "Xa2 = (0.03/Ma)/((0.03/Ma)+(0.97/Mb));\n",
+ "Xb2 = 1-Xa2;\n",
+ "M2 = 1/((0.03/Ma)+(0.97/Mb));# [kg/kmol]\n",
+ "avg_density_by_M = ((density1/M1)+(density2/M2))/2;#[kmol/cubic m]\n",
+ "# From Eqn. 2.42\n",
+ "Xbm = (Xb2-Xb1)/math.log(Xb2/Xb1);\n",
+ "# From Eqn. 2.41\n",
+ "Na = Dab*(avg_density_by_M)*(Xa1-Xa2)/(Xbm*z); #[square m/s]\n",
+ "print\" The rate of diffusion is\",round(Na,9),\"square m/s\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The rate of diffusion is 1.018e-06 square m/s\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 31
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.5:Pg-37"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Illustration 2.5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# solution\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#***Data****#\n",
+ "# a = mannitol b = H2O\n",
+ "T = 293; # [K]\n",
+ "#*****#\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Mb = 18.02;# [kg/kmol]\n",
+ "# From Table 2.3 (Pg 33)\n",
+ "Va = (0.0148*6)+(0.0037*14)+(0.0074*6); # [cubic m/kmol]\n",
+ "viscosity = 0.001005; # [kg/m.s]\n",
+ "association_factor = 2.26; # [water as a solvent]\n",
+ "Dab = (117.3*10**(-18))*((association_factor*Mb)**0.5)*T/(viscosity*Va**0.6); # [square m/s]\n",
+ "print\" Diffusivity of mannitol is\",round(Dab,12),\"square m/s\"\n",
+ "print\" Observed value is 0.56*10^(-9) square m/s\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Diffusivity of mannitol is 6.01e-10 square m/s\n",
+ " Observed value is 0.56*10^(-9) square m/s\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 48
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.6:Pg-37"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Illustration 2.6\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# solution\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#****Data****#\n",
+ "T2 = 70+273;# [K]\n",
+ "#**********#\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# a = mannitol b = H2O\n",
+ "# From Illustration 2.5 at 20 C\n",
+ "viscosity1 = 1.005*10**(-3); # [kg/m.s]\n",
+ "Dab1 = 0.56*10**(-9); #[m^2/s]\n",
+ "T1 = 273+20;# [K]\n",
+ "# At 70 C\n",
+ "viscosity2 = 0.4061*10**(-3); # kg/m.s\n",
+ "# Eqn. 2.44 indicates Dab*viscocity/T = constnt\n",
+ "Dab2 = Dab1*(T2)*(viscosity1)/(T1*viscosity2);# [square m/s]\n",
+ "print\" Diffusivity of mannitol at 70 degree C is\",round(Dab2,11),\"square/s \"\n",
+ "print\" Observed value at 70 degree C is 1.56*10^(-9) square m/s\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Diffusivity of mannitol at 70 degree C is 1.62e-09 square/s \n",
+ " Observed value at 70 degree C is 1.56*10^(-9) square m/s\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 53
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
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