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-{
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# Chapter 10:Optical Properties of Materials"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# Example 10.1,Page No:10.25"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 11,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "Wavelength of the photon = 6211 Å\n",
- " The colour of the photon is red\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "E2 = 5.56*10**-19; # Higher Energy level in J\n",
- "E1 = 2.36*10**-19; # Lower Energy level in J\n",
- "h = 6.626*10**-34; # plancks constant in J.s\n",
- "c = 3*10**8; # velocity of light in m\n",
- "\n",
- "# Calculations\n",
- "dE = E2 - E1; # Energy difference in J\n",
- "lamda = (h*c)/float(dE); # wavelength in m\n",
- " \n",
- "\n",
- "# Result\n",
- "\n",
- "print'Wavelength of the photon = %d'%(lamda*10**10),'Å';\n",
- "print' The colour of the photon is red';"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# Example 10.2,Page No:10.25"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 12,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "Maximum Wavelength for which diamond is opaque is Imax = 2219 Å\n",
- "\n",
- " Note: Imax is wrongly printed as 220 Å in textbook\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "# Variable declaration\n",
- "h = 6.63*10**-34; # plancks constant in J.s\n",
- "c = 3*10**8; # velocity of light in m\n",
- "E = 5.6; # bandgap in eV\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # charge of electron coulombs\n",
- "\n",
- "# Calculations\n",
- "lamda = (h*c)/float(E*e) # wavelength in m\n",
- "\n",
- "#output\n",
- "print'Maximum Wavelength for which diamond is opaque is Imax = %d '%(lamda*10**10),'Å';\n",
- "print'\\n Note: Imax is wrongly printed as 220 Å in textbook';\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# Example 10.3,Page No:10.26"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 13,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "Energy of radiation = 2.0719 eV\n",
- "Rate of energy gap varies with addition of GaP is 0.00830 eV/mol %\n",
- "mol percent to be added to get an energy gap of 2.0719 eV is 78.54 mol %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "h = 6.63*10**-34; # plancks constant\n",
- "c = 3*10**8; # velocity of light\n",
- "lamda = 0.6*10**-6; # wavelength in m\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # charge of electron\n",
- "EGap = 2.25; # energy in eV\n",
- "EGas = 1.42; # energy in eV\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "E = (h*c)/float(lamda*e); # Energy in eV\n",
- "p_change = (EGap - EGas)/float(100); #rate of energy gap\n",
- "x = (E-EGas)/float(p_change); #mol % of GaP to be added to get an energy gap of E\n",
- "\n",
- "# Result\n",
- "print'Energy of radiation = %3.4f'%E,'eV';\n",
- "print'Rate of energy gap varies with addition of GaP is %3.5f'%p_change,'eV/mol %';\n",
- "print'mol percent to be added to get an energy gap of %3.4f'%E,'eV','is %3.2f'%x,'mol %';\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# Example 10.4,Page No:10.26"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 14,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "Energy of the metastable state E3 = 2.2e-19 J\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "h = 6.63*10**-34; #plancks constant in J.s\n",
- "c = 3*10**8; # velocity of light in m\n",
- "lamda = 1.1*10**-6; # wavelength in m\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # charge of electron in coulombs\n",
- "E2 = 0.4*10**-19; # energy level in joules\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "E3 = E2 + ((h*c)/float(lamda)); #energy in J\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print'Energy of the metastable state E3 = %3.1e'%E3,'J';"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# Example 10.5,Page No:10.26"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 15,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "Number of Optical modes = 15\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "c = 3*10**8; # velocity of light in m\n",
- "L = 1.5; #length in m\n",
- "n = 1.0204; # refractive index \n",
- "BW = 1.5*10**9; # Bandwidth in Hz\n",
- "\n",
- "# Calculations\n",
- "dV = c/float(2*L*n); #frequency in Hz\n",
- "N = BW/float(dV); # Number of optical nodes\n",
- "\n",
- "# Result\n",
- "print'Number of Optical modes = % d'%N;"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# Example 10.6,Page No:10.31"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 16,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "Numerical aperture = 0.248\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n1 = 1.55; # refractive index of core\n",
- "n2 = 1.53; # refractive index of cladding\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "# Calculations\n",
- "NA = math.sqrt(n1**2 - n2**2);\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print'Numerical aperture = %3.3f'%NA;"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# Example 10.7,Page No:10.31"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 17,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "For angles above 48.75° ,there will be total internal reflection in water\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n1 = 1.33; #refractive index of water\n",
- "n2 = 1; # refractive index of air\n",
- "\n",
- "# Calculations\n",
- "theta_c = math.asin((n2/n1))\n",
- "theta_c_deg = theta_c*(180/float(math.pi)); # radian to degree conversion\n",
- "\n",
- "# Result\n",
- "print'For angles above %3.2f° ,there will be total internal reflection in water'%theta_c_deg ;\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": null,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": true
- },
- "outputs": [],
- "source": []
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {
- "kernelspec": {
- "display_name": "Python 2",
- "language": "python",
- "name": "python2"
- },
- "language_info": {
- "codemirror_mode": {
- "name": "ipython",
- "version": 2
- },
- "file_extension": ".py",
- "mimetype": "text/x-python",
- "name": "python",
- "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
- "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
- "version": "2.7.6"
- }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2025-03-12 22:23:43 +0000