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diff --git a/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch11_1.ipynb b/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch11_1.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..657d8d20 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermodynamics_by_J._P._Holman/ch11_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,390 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:bcb2b5536fdc9000213789c2755747f3e4bd3724ffe95c35320fbc2314325dca" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 11 :\n", + "Chemical Thermodynamics and\n", + "Equilibrium" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.1 pg : 287" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Variables\n", + "x = 1.5\n", + "P = 14.696 \t \t\t#psia\n", + "m = 28.96\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "mf = 114. \t\t\t# lbm/mol fuel\n", + "ma = x*12.5*(1+3.76)*m\n", + "AF = ma/mf\n", + "n1 = 8.\n", + "n2 = 9.\n", + "n3 = (x-1)*12.5 \n", + "n4 = x*3.76*12.5\n", + "np = n1+n2+n3+n4\n", + "x1 = n1/np\n", + "x2 = n2/np\n", + "x3 = n3/np\n", + "x4 = n4/np\n", + "ph = x2*P\n", + "Td = 113.5 \t\t\t#F\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Results\n", + "print \"Air fuel ratio = %.1f lbm air/lbm fuel\"%(AF)\n", + "print \" Mole fraction of CO2 = %.2f percent\"%(x1*100)\n", + "print \" Mole fraction of H2O = %.2f percent\"%(x2*100)\n", + "print \" Mole fraction of O2 = %.2f percent\"%(x3*100)\n", + "print \" Mole fraction of N2 = %.2f percent\"%(x4*100)\n", + "print (\"From tables of saturation pressure\")\n", + "print \"Dew point = %.1f F\"%(Td)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Air fuel ratio = 22.7 lbm air/lbm fuel\n", + " Mole fraction of CO2 = 8.53 percent\n", + " Mole fraction of H2O = 9.60 percent\n", + " Mole fraction of O2 = 6.67 percent\n", + " Mole fraction of N2 = 75.20 percent\n", + "From tables of saturation pressure\n", + "Dew point = 113.5 F\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.2 pg : 290" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Variables\n", + "x1 = 9.\n", + "x2 = 1.2\n", + "x3 = 1.5\n", + "x4 = 88.3\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "a = x1+x2\n", + "b = 2*a\n", + "xO = (2*x1 + x2+ 2*x3 + b)/2\n", + "xN = x4/3.76\n", + "ratio = xO/a\n", + "percent = ratio/2 *100\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Results\n", + "print \"Percent theoretical air = %.1f percent\"%(percent)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percent theoretical air = 104.4 percent\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.3 pg : 291" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Variables\n", + "T = 440. \t\t\t#F\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "h1 = -169290\n", + "h2 = 7597.6\n", + "h3 = 4030.2\n", + "ht = h1+h2-h3\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Results\n", + "print \"Molal enthalpy of CO2 = %d Btu/lbm mole\"%(ht)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Molal enthalpy of CO2 = -165722 Btu/lbm mole\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.4 pg : 291" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Variables\n", + "T = 77. \t \t\t#F\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "Hr = -36420. \t\t\t#B\n", + "hc = -169290. \t\t\t#B/lb mol\n", + "hh = -122970. \t\t\t#B/lb mol\n", + "Hp = 2*hc+3*hh\n", + "Q = Hp-Hr\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Results\n", + "print \"Heat transfer = %d B/mol fuel\"%(Q)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Heat transfer = -671070 B/mol fuel\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.5 pg : 294" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Variables\n", + "T2 = 440. \t\t\t#F\n", + "T1 = 77. \t\t\t#F\n", + "Mch4 = 16.\n", + "Mw = 18.\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "h77 = 3725.1\n", + "ht = 6337.9\n", + "ht2 = 7597.6\n", + "h772 = 4030.2\n", + "hwt = 1260.3\n", + "h77w = 45.02\n", + "hr77 = -383040. \t\t\t#B/lbm mol\n", + "dHR = 1*Mch4*0.532*(T1-T2) + 2*(h77-ht)\n", + "dHp = 1*(ht2-h772) + 2*Mw*(hwt - h77w)\n", + "hrp = dHp+hr77+dHR\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Results\n", + "print \"Enthalpy of combustion of gaseous methane = %d B/lbm mol fuel\"%(hrp)\n", + "\n", + "#The calculation in textbook is wrong Please check it using a calculator.\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Enthalpy of combustion of gaseous methane = -344037 B/lbm mol fuel\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.6 pg : 295" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Variables\n", + "Hr = -107530. \t\t\t#B/mol fuel\n", + "print (\"By iteration of temperatures, T = 2700 R\")\n", + "T = 2700. \t\t\t#R\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Results\n", + "print \"Adiabatic flame temperature = %d R\"%(T)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "By iteration of temperatures, T = 2700 R\n", + "Adiabatic flame temperature = 2700 R\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.7 pg : 306" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from numpy import poly1d,roots\n", + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "import math \n", + "Kp = 0.668\n", + "y = Kp**2\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "x = poly1d(0)\n", + "vec = roots([y,2,-y,-2,0]) #x**3 + y*x**3 + 2*y*x**2 -y*x -2*y)\n", + "\n", + "eps = vec[0]\n", + "x1 = (1-eps)/(1+ eps/2)\n", + "x2 = eps/(1+eps/2)\n", + "x3 = eps/2/(1+ eps/2)\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Results\n", + "print \"degree of reaction = %.3f \"%(eps)\n", + "print \" Equilibrium concentration of CO2 = %.3f \"%(x1)\n", + "print \" Equilibrium concentration of CO = %.3f \"%(x2)\n", + "print \" Equilibrium concentration of O2 = %.3f \"%(x3)\n", + "\n", + "#the answers are different due to approximation in textbook\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "degree of reaction = -4.482 \n", + " Equilibrium concentration of CO2 = -4.417 \n", + " Equilibrium concentration of CO = 3.612 \n", + " Equilibrium concentration of O2 = 1.806 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.8 pg : 307" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from numpy import roots\n", + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "Kp = 15.63\n", + "y = Kp\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "vec = roots([y+1,0,-y])#x**2 + y*x**2 - y)\n", + "eps = vec[0]\n", + "x1 = (1-eps)/(1+eps)\n", + "x2 = eps/(1+eps)\n", + "x3 = eps/(1+eps)\n", + "\t\t\t\n", + "# Results\n", + "print \" Equilibrium concentration of Cs = %.4f \"%(x1)\n", + "print \" Equilibrium concentration of Cs+ = %.4f \"%(x2)\n", + "print \" Equilibrium concentration of e- = %.4f \"%(x3)\n", + "\n", + "#the answers are a bit different due to approximation in textbook\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " Equilibrium concentration of Cs = 0.0155 \n", + " Equilibrium concentration of Cs+ = 0.4922 \n", + " Equilibrium concentration of e- = 0.4922 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
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