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diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_A._V._Arasu/ch1.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_A._V._Arasu/ch1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..16247619 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermal_Engineering_by_A._V._Arasu/ch1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,702 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 1 : Fuels and Combustion" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.1 Page no : 15" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Minimum mass of air per kg of coal is 11.45 kg\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.91;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.03;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "O = 0.02;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Oxygen\n", + "N = 0.008;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Nitrogen\n", + "S = 0.008;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Sulphur\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "m = (11.5*C)+(34.5*(H-(O/8)))+(4.3*S);\t\t\t#Mass of air per kg of coal in kg\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Minimum mass of air per kg of coal is %3.2f kg'%(m)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.2 Page no : 16" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Theoretical volume of air at N.T.P per kg fuel is 10.85 m**3)/kg of fuel\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.86;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.12;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "O = 0.01;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Oxygen\n", + "S = 0.01;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Sulphur\n", + "v = 0.773;\t\t\t#Specific volume of air at N.T.P in (m**3)/kg\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "m = (11.5*C)+(34.5*(H-(O/8)))+(4.3*S);\t\t\t#Theoretical mass of air per kg of coal in kg\n", + "vth = m*v;\t\t\t#Theoretical volume of air at N.T.P per kg fuel in (m**3)/kg of fuel\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Theoretical volume of air at N.T.P per kg fuel is %3.2f m**3)/kg of fuel'%(vth)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.3 Page no : 16" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Minimum quantity of air required for complete combustion is 10.83 kg \n", + "Total mass of products of combustion is 11.792 kg\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.78;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.06;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "O = 0.078;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Oxygen\n", + "N = 0.012;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Nitrogen\n", + "S = 0.03;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Sulphur\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "m = (11.5*C)+(34.5*(H-(O/8)))+(4.3*S);\t\t\t#Minimum quantity of air required in kg\n", + "mt = ((11*C)/3)+(9*H)+(2*S)+(8.32+N);\t\t\t#Total mass of products of combustion in kg\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Minimum quantity of air required for complete combustion is %3.2f kg \\\n", + "\\nTotal mass of products of combustion is %3.3f kg'%(m,mt)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.4 Page no : 17" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Mass of dry flue gases per kg of coal burnt is 19 kg\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.84;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.09;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "CO2 = 0.0875;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of CO2\n", + "CO = 0.0225;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of CO\n", + "O2 = 0.08;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of Oxygen\n", + "N2 = 0.81;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of Nitrogen\n", + "M1 = 44.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO2\n", + "M2 = 28.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO\n", + "M3 = 32.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of O2\n", + "M4 = 28.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of N2\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "c1 = CO2*M1;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of CO2\n", + "c2 = CO*M2;\t \t\t#Proportional mass of CO\n", + "c3 = O2*M3;\t\t \t#Proportional mass of O2\n", + "c4 = N2*M4;\t\t\t #Proportional mass of N2\n", + "c = c1+c2+c3+c4;\t\t\t#Total proportional mass of constituents\n", + "m1 = c1/c;\t\t \t#Mass of CO2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m2 = c2/c;\t\t \t#Mass of CO per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m3 = c3/c;\t\t \t#Mass of O2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m4 = c4/c;\t\t \t#Mass of N2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "d1 = m1*100;\t\t\t#Mass analysis of CO2\n", + "d2 = m2*100;\t\t\t#Mass analysis of CO\n", + "d3 = m3*100;\t\t\t#Mass analysis of O2\n", + "d4 = m4*100;\t\t\t#Mass analysis of N2\n", + "m = ((3*m1)/11)+((3*m2)/7.);\t\t\t#Mass of carbon in kg\n", + "md = C/m;\t\t\t #Mass of dry flue gas in kg\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Mass of dry flue gases per kg of coal burnt is %.f kg'%(md)\n", + "\n", + "# note : rounding off error" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.5 Page no : 17" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Minimum air required to burn 1 kg of coal is 8.43 kg \n", + "Mass of air actually supplied per kg of coal is 11.521 kg \n", + "Amount of excess air supplied per kg of coal burnt is 3.090 kg\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.624;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.042;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "O = 0.045;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Oxygen\n", + "CO2 = 0.13;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of CO2\n", + "CO = 0.003;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of CO\n", + "O2 = 0.06;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of Oxygen\n", + "N2 = 0.807;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of Nitrogen\n", + "M1 = 44;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO2\n", + "M2 = 28;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO\n", + "M3 = 32;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of O2\n", + "M4 = 28;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of N2\n", + "mw = 0.378;\t\t\t#Mass of H2O in kg\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "m = (11.5*C)+(34.5*(H-(O/8)));\t\t\t#Minimum air required in kg\n", + "c1 = CO2*M1;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of CO2\n", + "c2 = CO*M2;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of CO\n", + "c3 = O2*M3;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of O2\n", + "c4 = N2*M4;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of N2\n", + "c = c1+c2+c3+c4;\t\t\t#Total proportional mass of constituents\n", + "m1 = c1/c;\t\t\t#Mass of CO2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m2 = c2/c;\t\t\t#Mass of CO per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m3 = c3/c;\t\t\t#Mass of O2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m4 = c4/c;\t\t\t#Mass of N2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "d1 = m1*100;\t\t\t#Mass analysis of CO2\n", + "d2 = m2*100;\t\t\t#Mass analysis of CO\n", + "d3 = m3*100;\t\t\t#Mass analysis of O2\n", + "d4 = m4*100;\t\t\t#Mass analysis of N2\n", + "mC = ((3*m1)/11)+((3*m2)/7);\t\t\t#Mass of carbon in kg\n", + "md = C/mC;\t\t\t#Mass of dry flue gas in kg\n", + "mact = (md+mw)-(C+H+O);\t\t\t#Actual air supplied per kg of fuel in kg\n", + "me = mact-m;\t\t\t#Mass of excess air per kg of fuel in kg\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Minimum air required to burn 1 kg of coal is %3.2f kg \\\n", + "\\nMass of air actually supplied per kg of coal is %3.3f kg \\\n", + "\\nAmount of excess air supplied per kg of coal burnt is %3.3f kg'%(m,mact,me)\n", + "#rounding-off errors" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.6 Page no : 19" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Mass of air to be supplied is 9.92 kg \n", + "Mass of CO2 produced per kg of coal is 2.86 kg \n", + "Mass of H2O produced per kg of coal is 0.27 kg\n", + "Mass of SO2 produced per kg of coal is 0.02 kg \n", + "Mass of excess O2 produced per kg of coal is 0.69 kg \n", + "Mass of N2 produced per kg of coal is 9.90 kg \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.78;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.03;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "O = 0.03;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Oxygen\n", + "S = 0.01;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Sulphur\n", + "me = 0.3;\t\t\t#Mass of excess air supplied\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "m = (11.5*C)+(34.5*(H-(O/8)))+(4.3*S);\t\t\t#Mass of air per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mec = me*m;\t\t\t#Excess air supplied per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mact = m+mec;\t\t\t#Actual mass of air supplied per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mCO2 = (11*C)/3;\t\t\t#Mass of CO2 produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mHw = 9*H;\t\t\t#Mass of H2O produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mSO2 = 2*S;\t\t\t#Mass of SO2 produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mO2 = 0.232*mec;\t\t\t#Mass of excess O2 produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mN2 = 0.768*mact;\t\t\t#Mass of N2 produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Mass of air to be supplied is %3.2f kg \\\n", + "\\nMass of CO2 produced per kg of coal is %3.2f kg \\\n", + "\\nMass of H2O produced per kg of coal is %3.2f kg\\\n", + "\\nMass of SO2 produced per kg of coal is %3.2f kg \\\n", + "\\nMass of excess O2 produced per kg of coal is %3.2f kg \\\n", + "\\nMass of N2 produced per kg of coal is %3.2f kg '%(m,mCO2,mHw,mSO2,mO2,mN2)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.7 Page no : 20" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Minimum mass of air required is 11.4 kg \n", + "Total mass of dry flue gases per kg of fuel is 17.93 kg \n", + "Percentage composition of CO2 by volume is 12.69 percent \n", + "Percentage composition of SO2 by volume is 0.048 percent \n", + "Percentage composition of O2 by volume is 7.2 percent \n", + "Percentage composition of N2 by volume is 80.08 percent\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.9;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.033;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "O = 0.03;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Oxygen\n", + "N = 0.008;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Nitrogen\n", + "S = 0.009;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Sulphur\n", + "M1 = 44;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO2\n", + "M2 = 64;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of SO2\n", + "M3 = 32;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of O2\n", + "M4 = 28;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of N2\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "m = (11.5*C)+(34.5*(H-(O/8)))+(4.3*S);\t\t\t#Minimum mass of air per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mCO2 = (11*C)/3;\t\t\t#Mass of CO2 produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mHw = 9*H;\t\t\t#Mass of H2O produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mSO2 = 2*S;\t\t\t#Mass of SO2 produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mt = 11.5*1.5;\t\t\t#Total mass of air supplied per kg of coal in kg\n", + "me = mt-m;\t\t\t#Excess air supplied in kg\n", + "mO2 = 0.232*me;\t\t\t#Mass of excess O2 produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mN2 = 0.768*mt;\t\t\t#Mass of N2 produced per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mtN2 = mN2+N;\t\t\t#Total mass of Nitrogen in exhaust in kg\n", + "md = mCO2+mSO2+mO2+mtN2;\t\t\t#Total mass of dry flue gases per kg of fuel in kg\n", + "CO2 = (mCO2/md)*100;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CO2 by mass in percent\n", + "SO2 = (mSO2/md)*100;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of SO2 by mass in percent\n", + "O2 = (mO2/md)*100;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of O2 by mass in percent\n", + "N2 = (mN2/md)*100;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of N2 by mass in percent\n", + "c1 = CO2/M1;\t\t\t#Proportional volume of CO2\n", + "c2 = SO2/M2;\t\t\t#Proportional volume of SO2\n", + "c3 = O2/M3;\t\t\t#Proportional volume of O2\n", + "c4 = N2/M4;\t\t\t#Proportional volume of N2\n", + "c = c1+c2+c3+c4;\t\t\t#Total proportional volume of constituents\n", + "m1 = c1/c;\t\t\t#Volume of CO2 in 1 (m**3) of flue gas\n", + "m2 = c2/c;\t\t\t#Volume of SO2 in 1 (m**3) of flue gas\n", + "m3 = c3/c;\t\t\t#Volume of O2 in 1 (m**3) of flue gas\n", + "m4 = c4/c;\t\t\t#Volume of N2 in 1 (m**3) of flue gas\n", + "d1 = m1*100;\t\t\t#Volume analysis of CO2\n", + "d2 = m2*100;\t\t\t#Volume analysis of SO2\n", + "d3 = m3*100;\t\t\t#Volume analysis of O2\n", + "d4 = m4*100;\t\t\t#Volume analysis of N2\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Minimum mass of air required is %3.1f kg \\\n", + "\\nTotal mass of dry flue gases per kg of fuel is %3.2f kg \\\n", + "\\nPercentage composition of CO2 by volume is %3.2f percent \\\n", + "\\nPercentage composition of SO2 by volume is %3.3f percent \\\n", + "\\nPercentage composition of O2 by volume is %3.1f percent \\\n", + "\\nPercentage composition of N2 by volume is %3.2f percent'%(m,md,d1,d2,d3,d4)\n", + "\n", + "# note : rounding off error" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.8 Page no : 21" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Mass of air actually supplied per kg of coal is 18.20 kg \n", + "Percentage of excess air is 60 percent\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.88;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.036;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "O = 0.048;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of oxygen\n", + "CO2 = 0.109;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of CO2\n", + "CO = 0.01;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of CO\n", + "O2 = 0.071;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of Oxygen\n", + "N2 = 0.81;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of Nitrogen\n", + "M1 = 44.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO2\n", + "M2 = 28.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO\n", + "M3 = 32.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of O2\n", + "M4 = 28.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of N2\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "m = (11.5*C)+(34.5*(H-(O/8)));\t\t\t#Theoretical air required in kg\n", + "c1 = CO2*M1;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of CO2\n", + "c2 = CO*M2;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of CO\n", + "c3 = O2*M3;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of O2\n", + "c4 = N2*M4;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of N2\n", + "c = c1+c2+c3+c4;\t\t\t#Total proportional mass of constituents\n", + "m1 = c1/c;\t\t\t#Mass of CO2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m2 = c2/c;\t\t\t#Mass of CO per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m3 = c3/c;\t\t\t#Mass of O2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m4 = c4/c;\t\t\t#Mass of N2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "mC = ((3*m1)/11)+((3*m2)/7);\t\t\t#Mass of carbon in kg\n", + "md = C/mC;\t\t\t#Mass of dry flue gas in kg\n", + "hc = H*9;\t\t\t#Hydrogen combustion in kg of H2O\n", + "mair = (md+hc)-(C+H+O);\t\t\t#Mass of air supplied per kg of coal in kg\n", + "me = mair-m;\t\t\t#Excess air per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mN2 = m4*md;\t\t\t#Mass of nitrogen per kg of coal in kg\n", + "mact = mN2/0.768;\t\t\t#Actual mass of air per kg of coal in kg\n", + "pe = (me/m)*100;\t\t\t#Perccentage excess air in percent\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Mass of air actually supplied per kg of coal is %3.2f kg \\\n", + "\\nPercentage of excess air is %.f percent'%(mact,pe)\n", + "\n", + "# note : rounding off error" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.9 Page no : 22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Mass of excess air supplied per kg of fuel burnt is 6.0 kg/kg of fuel \n", + "Air-fuel ratio is 20.7:1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "C = 0.84;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Carbon\n", + "H = 0.14;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of Hydrogen\n", + "O = 0.02;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of oxygen\n", + "CO2 = 8.85;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of CO2\n", + "CO = 1.2;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of CO\n", + "O2 = 6.8;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of Oxygen\n", + "N2 = 83.15;\t\t\t#Volumetric composition of Nitrogen\n", + "M1 = 44.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO2\n", + "M2 = 28.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of CO\n", + "M3 = 32.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of O2\n", + "M4 = 28.;\t\t\t#Molecular mass of N2\n", + "a = 8/3.;\t\t\t#O2 required per kg C\n", + "b = 8.; \t\t\t#O2 required per kg H2\n", + "mair = 0.23;\t\t\t#Mass of air\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "c = C*a;\t\t\t#O2 required per kg of fuel for C\n", + "d = H*b;\t\t\t#O2 required per kg of fuel for H2\n", + "tO2 = c+d+O;\t\t\t#Theoreticcal O2 required in kg/kg of fuel\n", + "tm = tO2/mair;\t\t\t#Theoretical mass of air in kg/kg of fuel\n", + "c1 = CO2*M1;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of CO2 by Volume\n", + "c2 = CO*M2;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of CO by Volume\n", + "c3 = O2*M3;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of O2 by Volume\n", + "c4 = N2*M4;\t\t\t#Proportional mass of N2 by Volume\n", + "c = c1+c2+c3+c4;\t\t\t#Total proportional mass of constituents\n", + "m1 = c1/c;\t\t\t#Mass of CO2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m2 = c2/c;\t\t\t#Mass of CO per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m3 = c3/c;\t\t\t#Mass of O2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "m4 = c4/c;\t\t\t#Mass of N2 per kg of flue gas in kg\n", + "mC = ((m1*12)/M1)+((m2*12)/M2);\t\t\t#Mass of carbon per kg of dry flue gas in kg\n", + "md = C/mC;\t\t\t#Mass of dry flue per kg of fuel in kg\n", + "p = (4*m2)/7;\t\t\t#Oxygen required to burn CO in kg\n", + "meO2 = md*(m3-p);\t\t\t#Mass of excess O2 per kg of fuel in kg\n", + "me = meO2/mair;\t\t\t#Mass of excess air in kg/kg fuel\n", + "mt = tm+me;\t\t\t#Total air required per kg fuel\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Mass of excess air supplied per kg of fuel burnt is %3.1f kg/kg of fuel \\\n", + "\\nAir-fuel ratio is %3.1f:1'%(me,mt)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.10 Page no : 23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Volume of air required for complete combustion is 1.178 m**3)\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "H2 = 0.27;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of H2 by volume\n", + "CO2 = 0.18;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CO2 by volume\n", + "CO = 0.125;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CO by volume\n", + "CH4 = 0.025;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CH4 by volume\n", + "N2 = 0.4;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of N2 by volume\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "v = (2.38*(H2+CO))+(9.52*CH4);\t\t\t#Volume of air required for complete combustion in (m**3)\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Volume of air required for complete combustion is %3.3f m**3)'%(v)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.11 Page no : 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Air-fuel ratio by volume is 5.055\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "H2 = 0.5;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of H2 by volume\n", + "CO2 = 0.1;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CO2 by volume\n", + "CO = 0.05;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CO by volume\n", + "CH4 = 0.25;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CH4 by volume\n", + "N2 = 0.1;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of N2 by volume\n", + "pCO2 = 8;\t\t\t#Percentage volumetric analysis of CO2\n", + "pO2 = 6;\t\t\t#Percentage volumetric analysis of O2\n", + "pN2 = 86;\t\t\t#Percentage volumetric analysis of N2\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "v = (2.38*(H2+CO))+(9.52*CH4);\t\t\t#Volume of air required for complete combustion in (m**3)\n", + "vN2 = v*0.79;\t\t\t#Volume of nitrogen in the air in m**3\n", + "a = CO+CH4+CO2;\t\t\t#CO2 formed per m**3 of fuel gas burnt\n", + "b = vN2+N2;\t\t\t#N2 formed per m**3 of fuel gas burnt\n", + "vt = a+b;\t\t\t#Total volume of dry flue gas formed in m**3\n", + "ve = (pO2*vt)/(21-pO2);\t\t\t#Excess air supplied in m**3\n", + "V = v+ve;\t\t\t#Total quantity of air supplied in m**3\n", + "afr = V/1\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Air-fuel ratio by volume is %3.3f'%(afr)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1.12 Page no : 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 12, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Volume of air required for complete combustion is 0.952 m**3) \n", + "Volume of CO2 per m**3 of gas fuel is 0.29 m**3/m**3 of gas fuel \n", + "Volume of N2 per m**3 of gas fuel is 1.603 m**3/m**3 of gas fuel \n", + "Volume of excess O2 per m**3 of gas fuel is 0.08 m**3/m**3 of gas fuel \n", + "Total volume of dry combustion products is 1.973 m**3/m**3 of gas fuel \n", + "Percentage volume of CO2 is 14.7 percent \n", + "Percentage volume of N2 is 81.25 percent \n", + "Percentage volume of O2 is 4.05 percent\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "\n", + "# Variables\n", + "H2 = 0.14;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of H2 by volume\n", + "CO2 = 0.05;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CO2 by volume\n", + "CO = 0.22;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CO by volume\n", + "CH4 = 0.02;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of CH4 by volume\n", + "O2 = 0.02;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of O2 by volume\n", + "N2 = 0.55;\t\t\t#Percentage composition of N2 by volume\n", + "e = 0.4;\t\t\t#Excess air supplied\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "v = (2.38*(H2+CO))+(9.52*CH4)-(4.76*O2);\t\t\t#Volume of air required for complete combustion in (m**3)\n", + "ve = v*e;\t\t\t#Volume of excess air supplied in m**3\n", + "vtN2 = v-(v*0.21);\t\t\t#Volume of N2 in theoretical air in m**3\n", + "veN2 = ve-(ve*0.21);\t\t\t#Volume of N2 in excess air in m**3\n", + "vt = vtN2+veN2;\t\t\t#Total volume of N2 in air supplied in m**3\n", + "vCO2 = CO+CH4+CO2;\t\t\t#CO2 formed per m**3 of fuel gas\n", + "vN2 = vt+N2;\t\t\t#N2 formed per m**3 of fuel gas\n", + "veO2 = ve*0.21;\t\t\t#Volume of excess O2 per m**3 of fuel gas\n", + "vT = vCO2+vN2+veO2;\t\t\t#Total volume of dry combustion products\n", + "pCO2 = (vCO2*100)/vT;\t\t\t#Percentage volume of CO2\n", + "pN2 = (vN2*100)/vT;\t\t\t#Percentage volume of N2\n", + "pO2 = (veO2*100)/vT;\t\t\t#Percentage volume of O2\n", + "\n", + "# Results\n", + "print 'Volume of air required for complete combustion is %3.3f m**3) \\\n", + "\\nVolume of CO2 per m**3 of gas fuel is %3.2f m**3/m**3 of gas fuel \\\n", + "\\nVolume of N2 per m**3 of gas fuel is %3.3f m**3/m**3 of gas fuel \\\n", + "\\nVolume of excess O2 per m**3 of gas fuel is %3.2f m**3/m**3 of gas fuel \\\n", + "\\nTotal volume of dry combustion products is %3.3f m**3/m**3 of gas fuel \\\n", + "\\nPercentage volume of CO2 is %3.1f percent \\\n", + "\\nPercentage volume of N2 is %3.2f percent \\\n", + "\\nPercentage volume of O2 is %3.2f percent'%(v,vCO2,vN2,veO2,vT,pCO2,pN2,pO2)\n" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python 2", + "language": "python", + "name": "python2" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.6" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} |