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diff --git a/The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter4.ipynb b/The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter4.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..82cdb6ec --- /dev/null +++ b/The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter4.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,726 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:1d4cc853303bd6904a2e77fb1ceaf3e63a457d8e0eccaf1e37846afba1159436"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 4-Electronic structures of atoms and molecules\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg76"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "v= 240. ##ml\n",
+ "p= 1.25 ##atm\n",
+ "p1= 0.75 ##atm\n",
+ "n= 2.\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "v1= v*p/p1\n",
+ "dv= v1-v\n",
+ "V= n*v1\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Increase in volume = ',dv,' ml')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('\\n Final volume = ',V,' ml')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Increase in volume = 160.00 ml\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Final volume = 800.00 ml\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg78"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "v1= 360. ##ml\n",
+ "T1= 15. ##C\n",
+ "v2= 480. ##ml\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "T2= v2*(273.+T1)/v1\n",
+ "Tc= T2-273.\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Centigrade temperature = ',Tc,' C')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Centigrade temperature = 111.00 C\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg79"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "p1= 1.4 ##atm\n",
+ "v1= 250. ##ml\n",
+ "t1= 21. ##c\n",
+ "v2= 300. ##ml\n",
+ "t2= 49. ##c\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "p2= p1*v1*(273.+t2)/(v2*(273.+t1))\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Final pressure = ',p2,' atm')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Final pressure = 1.28 atm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg82"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "v= 10. ##lit\n",
+ "p= 75. ##cm of hg\n",
+ "T= 27. ##C\n",
+ "R= 0.082 ##lit-atm/mole K\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "n= (p/76.)*v/((273.+T)*R)\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Moles of oxygen contained = ',n,' moles')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Moles of oxygen contained = 0.40 moles\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg84"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "T= 25. ##C\n",
+ "v= 190. ##ml\n",
+ "pt= 740. ##mm of hg\n",
+ "p1= 23.8 ##mm of hg\n",
+ "p2= 760. ##mm of hg\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "p= pt-p1\n",
+ "v= v*p/p2\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Partial pressure of dry gas = ',p,' mm')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('\\n volume of the dry gas = ',v,' ml')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Partial pressure of dry gas = 716.20 mm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " volume of the dry gas = 179.05 ml\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 18
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg84"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "ma= 0.495 ##gm\n",
+ "Ma= 66. ##gms\n",
+ "mb= 0.182 ##gms\n",
+ "Mb= 45.5 ##gms\n",
+ "p= 76.2 ##cm of hg\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "na= ma/Ma\n",
+ "nb= mb/Mb\n",
+ "nt= na+nb\n",
+ "pa= p*na/nt\n",
+ "pb= p*nb/nt\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'% ('Number of moles of given gas A = ',na,'')\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'% ('\\n Number of moles of given gas B = ',nb,'')\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'% ('\\n Total number of moles = ',nt,'')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('\\n Partial pressure of A = ',pa,' cm of mercury')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('\\n Partial pressure of B = ',pb,' cm of mercury')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Number of moles of given gas A = 0.0075 \n",
+ "\n",
+ " Number of moles of given gas B = 0.0040 \n",
+ "\n",
+ " Total number of moles = 0.0115 \n",
+ "\n",
+ " Partial pressure of A = 49.70 cm of mercury\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Partial pressure of B = 26.50 cm of mercury\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg84"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "v1= 125. ##ml\n",
+ "p1= 0.6 ##atm\n",
+ "v2= 150. ##ml\n",
+ "p2= 0.8 ##atm\n",
+ "V= 500. ##ml\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "pa= p1*v1/V\n",
+ "pb= p2*v2/V\n",
+ "pt= pa+pb\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Partial pressure of A = ',pa,' atm')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('\\n Partial pressure of B = ',pb,' atm')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('\\n Total pressure of A = ',pt,' atm')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Partial pressure of A = 0.15 atm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Partial pressure of B = 0.24 atm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Total pressure of A = 0.39 atm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg86"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "t1= 1.44 ##min\n",
+ "t2= 1.8 ##min\n",
+ "mo= 32. ##gms\n",
+ "mh= 2. ##gms\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "d2= (t1/t2)**2*(mo/mh)\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Approximate density of gas relative to hydrogen = ',d2,'')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Approximate density of gas relative to hydrogen = 10.24 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg92"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "T= 25. ##C\n",
+ "R= 8.31*10**7 ##ergs deg^-1 mole^-1\n",
+ "M= 32. ##gms\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "c= math.sqrt(3.*R*(273.+T)/M)\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'% ('Mean velocity of oxygen molecules = ',c,' cm sec^-1')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Mean velocity of oxygen molecules = 4.82e+04 cm sec^-1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg96"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "n= 8.41*10**-5 ##poise\n",
+ "p= 1. ##atm\n",
+ "v= 22414. ##ml\n",
+ "m= 2. ##gms\n",
+ "T= 0. ##C\n",
+ "R= 8.31*10**7 ##ergs deg^-1 mole^-1\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "d= m/v\n",
+ "c= math.sqrt(8.*R*(273.+T)/(math.pi*m))\n",
+ "l= 3.*n/(d*c)\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'% ('Density of hydrogen gas = ',d,' gram cc^-1')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'% ('\\n Mean velocity = ',c,' cm sec^-1')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'% ('\\n Mean free path of the molecules = ',l,' cm')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Density of hydrogen gas = 8.92e-05 gram cc^-1\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Mean velocity = 1.70e+05 cm sec^-1\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Mean free path of the molecules = 1.66e-05 cm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg97"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "t= 1. ##sec\n",
+ "v= 1. ##cc\n",
+ "T= 0. ##C\n",
+ "p= 1. ##atm\n",
+ "d= 8.9*10**-5 ##g cc^-1\n",
+ "n= 8.41*10**-5 ##poise\n",
+ "R= 8.31*10**7 ##ergs deg^-1 mole^-1\n",
+ "M= 4. ##gms\n",
+ "N= 6*10**23 ##molecules\n",
+ "n1= 2. ##moles\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "Z= M*(N/(v*22414.))*d*R*(273.+T)/(3.*math.pi*n1*n)\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'% ('Number of collisions = ',Z,' molecular collisions sec^-1 cc^-1')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Number of collisions = 1.36e+29 molecular collisions sec^-1 cc^-1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12-pg98 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "d= 8.9*10**-5 ##g cc^-1\n",
+ "R= 8.31*10**7 ##ergs deg^-1 mole^-1\n",
+ "N= 2.7*10**19 ##molecules\n",
+ "n= 8.41*10**-5 ##poise\n",
+ "T= 0. ##C\n",
+ "n1= 2. ##moles\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "s= math.sqrt(n1*d*math.sqrt(R*(273.+T)/(math.pi*n1))/(3.*math.pi*n*N))\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'% ('Collision diamter of hydrogen = ',s,' cm')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Collision diamter of hydrogen = 2.24e-08 cm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex13-pg106"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "n= 4.\n",
+ "n1= 1.\n",
+ "n2= 1.5\n",
+ "R= 2. ##cal deg^-1 mole^-1\n",
+ "m=3.\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "Cv= ((3.*n-5.)+n1+n2)*R\n",
+ "Cv1= ((3.*n-6.)+2.*m*(n2-n1))*R\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Molar heat capacity of acetylene = ',Cv,' cal deg^-1 mole^-1')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('\\n Molar heat capacity of ammonia = ',Cv1,' cal deg^-1 mole^-1')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Molar heat capacity of acetylene = 19.00 cal deg^-1 mole^-1\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Molar heat capacity of ammonia = 18.00 cal deg^-1 mole^-1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14-pg112 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "v= 1.32 ##lit\n",
+ "T= 48. ##C\n",
+ "p= 18.4 ##atm\n",
+ "R= 0.082 ##lit-atm deg^-1 mole^-1\n",
+ "a= 3.6\n",
+ "b= 4.28*10**-2\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "P1= R*(273.+T)/v\n",
+ "P2= (R*(273.+T)/(v-b))-(a/v**2)\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Pressure by ideal gas equation = ',P1,' atm')\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('\\n Pressure by vander Waals equation = ',P2,' atm')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Pressure by ideal gas equation = 19.94 atm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Pressure by vander Waals equation = 18.54 atm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex15-pg118 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "wa= 52.3 ##gms\n",
+ "wv= 52.96 ##gms\n",
+ "wb= 302. ##gms\n",
+ "T= 100. ##C\n",
+ "p= 752. ##mm\n",
+ "d= 1.29 ##g per litre\n",
+ "wa1= 0.32 ##gms\n",
+ "R= 0.082 ##lit-atm K^-1 mole^-1\n",
+ "v= 0.25 ##lit\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "W= wb-wa\n",
+ "Wv= wv-(wa-wa1)\n",
+ "M= Wv*R*(273.+T)/((p/760.)*v)\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Molecular weight of choloform = ',M,' gms')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Molecular weight of choloform = 121.17 gms\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex16-pg119"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "w= 0.241 ##gms\n",
+ "R= 0.082 ##lit-atm mole^-1 K^-1\n",
+ "T= 23. ##C\n",
+ "p= 764. ##mm \n",
+ "v= 47.9 ##ml of air\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "M= w*R*(273.+T)/((p/760.)*(v/1000.))\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Molecular weight of choloform = ',M,' gms')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Molecular weight of choloform = 121.48 gms\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex17-pg122"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "##Intitalisation of variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "p= 795. ##mm\n",
+ "v= 0.501 ##lit\n",
+ "w= 1.35 ##gms\n",
+ "m= 92. ##gms\n",
+ "R= 0.082 ##lit-atm mole^-1 K^-1\n",
+ "T= 45. ##C\n",
+ "##CALCULATIONS\n",
+ "a= ((p/760.)*v/((w/m)*R*(273.+T)))-1.\n",
+ "##RESULTS\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% ('Fraction of N2O4 dissociated into NO2 = ',a,'')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Fraction of N2O4 dissociated into NO2 = 0.37 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
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