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diff --git a/Programming_in_C_using_ANSI_C/KamthaneChapter10.ipynb b/Programming_in_C_using_ANSI_C/KamthaneChapter10.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..68503d70 --- /dev/null +++ b/Programming_in_C_using_ANSI_C/KamthaneChapter10.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,2940 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": ""
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h1>Chapter 10: Functions<h1>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.1, Page number: 320<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#user defined function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = 1\n",
+ "y = 2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def add(a,b):\n",
+ " return a+b\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "z = add(x,y)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"z = %d\"%(z))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "z = 3"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.2, Page number: 321<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call user-defined function at different places.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definitions\n",
+ "def y():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\" Y\")\n",
+ " return\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def a():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\" A\")\n",
+ " y()\n",
+ " return\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def b():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\" B\")\n",
+ " a()\n",
+ " return\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def c():\n",
+ " a()\n",
+ " b()\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\" C\")\n",
+ " return\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def d():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\" D\")\n",
+ " c()\n",
+ " b()\n",
+ " a()\n",
+ " return\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function calls\n",
+ "y()\n",
+ "a()\n",
+ "b()\n",
+ "c()\n",
+ "d()"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Y A Y B A Y A Y B A Y C D A Y B A Y C B A Y A Y"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.3, Page number: 323<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Using similar variable names in different functions.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def fun():\n",
+ " b = 20\n",
+ " c = 10\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nIn fun() B = %d C = %d\"%(b,c))\n",
+ " return\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "b = 10\n",
+ "c = 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nIn main() B = %d C = %d\"%(b,c))\n",
+ "fun()"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "In main() B = 10 C = 5\n",
+ "In fun() B = 20 C = 10"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.4, Page number: 323<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Global variables on different functions.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Global Variable Initialization\n",
+ "b = 10\n",
+ "c = 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def fun():\n",
+ " global b \n",
+ " b += 1\n",
+ " global c \n",
+ " c -= 1\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nIn fun() B = %d C = %d\"%(b,c))\n",
+ " return\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nIn main() B = %d C = %d\"%(b,c))\n",
+ "fun()\n",
+ "b += 1\n",
+ "c -= 1\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAgain In main() B = %d C = %d\"%(b,c))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "In main() B = 10 C = 5\n",
+ "In fun() B = 11 C = 4\n",
+ "Again In main() B = 12 C = 3"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.5, Page number: 325<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Using return statement in different ways\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def pass1(a):\n",
+ " if a == 0:\n",
+ " return;\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " return a*a*a\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = int(raw_input(\"Enter value of x : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call & Result\n",
+ "if x != 1 or x > 0:\n",
+ " y = pass1(x)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#There is no switch statement in python, so if..else statement\n",
+ "if y == 1:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"The value returned is %d\"%(y))\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"The Cube of %d is : %d\"%(x,y))\n",
+ " "
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter value of x : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The Cube of 5 is : 125"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.6, Page number: 327<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Display message using user defined function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def message():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"Have a nice day\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#function call\n",
+ "message()"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Have a nice day"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.7, Page number: 328<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Display Alphabets 'A','B' and 'C' using functions\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Functions definitions\n",
+ "def a():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nA\")\n",
+ " \n",
+ "def b():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\" B\")\n",
+ " \n",
+ "def c():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\" C\")\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "a()\n",
+ "b()\n",
+ "c()"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "A B C"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.8, Page number: 329<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Send value to user defined function and display results\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def dat(x,y,z):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"Date = %d/%d/%d\"%(x,y,z))\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "d = int(raw_input(\"Enter date dd/mm/yy\"))\n",
+ "m = int(raw_input(\"Enter date dd/mm/yy\"))\n",
+ "y = int(raw_input(\"Enter date dd/mm/yy\"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#function call & Result\n",
+ "dat(d,m,y)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter date dd/mm/yy12\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter date dd/mm/yy12\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter date dd/mm/yy2001\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Date = 12/12/2001"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.9, Page number: 330<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Square of number using user defined function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#function definition\n",
+ "def sqr(k):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\n%d\"%(k*k))\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "j = 0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call & Result\n",
+ "for j in range(1,5):\n",
+ " sqr(j)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1\n",
+ "4\n",
+ "9\n",
+ "16"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.10, Page number: 330<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Pass the value to main() function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#There is no main function in python\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nNumber of command line arguments J = %d\"%(len(sys.argv)))\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Number of command line arguments J = 6"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.11, Page number: 331<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Pass and return values to user defined function. \n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definitions\n",
+ "def dat(x,y,z):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nToday = %d/%d/%d\"%(x,y,z))\n",
+ " x += 1\n",
+ " return x\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "d = int(raw_input(\"Enter Date dd/mm/yy : \"))\n",
+ "m = int(raw_input(\"Enter Date dd/mm/yy : \"))\n",
+ "y = int(raw_input(\"Enter Date dd/mm/yy : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "t = dat(d,m,y)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nTomorrow = %d/%d/%d\"%(t,m,y))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Date dd/mm/yy : 12\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Date dd/mm/yy : 12\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Date dd/mm/yy : 2001\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Today = 12/12/2001\n",
+ "Tomorrow = 13/12/2001"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.12, Page number: 332<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Send and recieve values to user defined function \n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def sum1(x,y,z):\n",
+ " return x+y+z\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "a = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Numbers : \"))\n",
+ "b = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Numbers : \"))\n",
+ "c = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Numbers : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "s = sum1(a,b,c)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"Sum = %d\"%(s))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Numbers : 7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Numbers : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Numbers : 4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Sum = 16"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.13, Page number: 333<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Recieve values from user defined function without passing any \n",
+ "#value through main().\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def sum1():\n",
+ " x = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Numbers : \"))\n",
+ " y = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Numbers : \"))\n",
+ " z = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Numbers : \"))\n",
+ " return x+y+z\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "s = sum1()\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"Sum = %d\"%(s))\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Numbers : 3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Numbers : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Numbers : 4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Sum = 12"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.14, Page number: 333<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Return value in the form of address.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def sum1():\n",
+ " x = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Values : \"))\n",
+ " y = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Values : \"))\n",
+ " z = int(raw_input(\"Enter Three Values : \"))\n",
+ " k = x + y + z\n",
+ " return k\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#There is no pointer concept in python\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "s = sum1()\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"Sum = %d\"%(s))\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Values : 3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Values : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Three Values : 4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Sum = 12"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.15, Page number: 334<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call by value\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def change(a,b):\n",
+ " k = a\n",
+ " a = b\n",
+ " b = k\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nIn Change() X = %d Y = %d\"%(a,b))\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = int(raw_input(\"Enter Values of X & Y : \"))\n",
+ "y = int(raw_input(\"Enter Values of X & Y : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "change(x,y)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nIn main() X = %d Y = %d\"%(x,y))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Values of X & Y : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Values of X & Y : 4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "In Change() X = 4 Y = 5\n",
+ "In main() X = 5 Y = 4"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.16, Page number: 335<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call by reference \n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def change(a,b):\n",
+ " k = a\n",
+ " a = b\n",
+ " b = k\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nIn Change() X = %d Y = %d\"%(a,b))\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#There is no pointer concept in python\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = int(raw_input(\"Enter Values of X & Y : \"))\n",
+ "y = int(raw_input(\"Enter Values of X & Y : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "change(x,y)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nIn main() X = %d Y = %d\"%(y,x))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Values of X & Y : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Values of X & Y : 4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "In Change() X = 4 Y = 5\n",
+ "In main() X = 4 Y = 5"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.17, Page number: 336<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Return by reference\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def change(a,b):\n",
+ " c = a + b\n",
+ " d = a - b\n",
+ " return c,d\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = int(raw_input(\"Enter Values of X & Y : \"))\n",
+ "y = int(raw_input(\"Enter Values of X & Y : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "add,sub = change(x,y)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAddition : %d\"%(add))\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nSubtraction : %d\"%(sub))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Values of X & Y : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Values of X & Y : 4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Addition : 9\n",
+ "Subtraction : 1"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.18, Page number: 337<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call by value and reference\n",
+ "\n",
+ "k = 0\n",
+ "m = 0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def other(k,m):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAddress of k & m in other() : %u %u\"%(id(k),id(m)))\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAddress of k & m in main() : %u %u\"%(id(k),id(m)))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "other(k,m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#there is no pointer concept in python and it uses value tagged method in data storage\n",
+ "#instead of addressing the memory location, values of same variables are tagged together"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Address of k & m in main() : 30922996 30922996\n",
+ "Address of k & m in other() : 30922996 30922996"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.19, Page number: 338<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#User defined function as an argument to another function.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "y = 2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definitions\n",
+ "def double(m):\n",
+ " return m*2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def square(k):\n",
+ " return k*k\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "x = double(square(y))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"x = %d\"%(x))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "x = 8"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.20, Page number: 338<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Two functions as arguments for another functions\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definitions\n",
+ "def x(a,b):\n",
+ " return abs(a-b)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def y():\n",
+ " y = int(raw_input(\"Enter First Number : \"))\n",
+ " return y\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def z():\n",
+ " z = int(raw_input(\"Enter Second Number : \"))\n",
+ " return z\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "d = x(y(),z())\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nz() - y() = %d\"%(d))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter First Number : 25\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Second Number : 50\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "z() - y() = 25"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.21, Page number: 339<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Return only absolute value like abs() function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def uabs(y):\n",
+ " if y < 0:\n",
+ " return y * -1\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " return y\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Negative Value : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "x = uabs(x)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nX = %d\"%(x))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Negative Value : -5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "X = 5"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.22, Page number: 340<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Square and cube of an entered number. \n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definitions\n",
+ "def input1(): #Since input() is a built in function in python, input1() is used\n",
+ " k = int(raw_input(\"Number : \"))\n",
+ " return k\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def sqr(m):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nSquare : %d\"%(m*m))\n",
+ " return m\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def cube(m):\n",
+ " return m*m*m\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call and Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nCube : %d\"%(cube(sqr(input1()))))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Number : 2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Square : 4\n",
+ "Cube : 8"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.23, Page number: 341<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Assign return value of a function to variable.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def input1():\n",
+ " k = int(raw_input(\"Enter Value of x = \"))\n",
+ " return k\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "x = input1()\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nx = %d\"%(x))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Value of x = 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "x = 5"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.24, Page number: 342<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Addition and subtraction of numbers with return value of function.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def input1():\n",
+ " k = int(raw_input(\"Enter Value of x = \"))\n",
+ " return k\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def sqr(m):\n",
+ " return pow(m,2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "x = sqr(1 - input1() + 1)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nSquare = %d\"%(x))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Value of x = 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Square = 9"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.25, Page number: 343<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Multiplication and division of numbers with return value of function.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def input1():\n",
+ " k = int(raw_input(\"Enter Value of x = \"))\n",
+ " return k\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def sqr(m):\n",
+ " return pow(m,2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "x = sqr(5 * input1()/2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nSquare = %d\"%(x))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Value of x = 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Square = 144"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.26, Page number: 344<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# ++ operator with return value of function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def input1():\n",
+ " k = int(raw_input(\"Enter Value of x = \"))\n",
+ " return k\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def sqr(m):\n",
+ " return pow(m,2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "#There is no ++ operator in python. so += operator is used\n",
+ "y = input1()\n",
+ "y += 1\n",
+ "x = sqr(y)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nSquare = %d\"%(x))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Value of x = 7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Square = 64"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.27, Page number: 345<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Use mod(%) with function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def j():\n",
+ " x = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Number : \"))\n",
+ " return x\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Function call & Result\n",
+ "if j() %2 == 0:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nNumber is Even.\")\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nNumber is Odd.\")"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Number is Odd."
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.28, Page number: 346<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Conditional operator(?) with function.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definitions\n",
+ "def sqr(x):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"Square \")\n",
+ " return pow(x,2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def cube(x):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"Cube \")\n",
+ " return pow(x,3)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def y():\n",
+ " return 10\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Number : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "z = sqr(x) if x > y() else cube(x)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\" = %d\"%(z))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Cube = 125"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 18
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.29, Page number: 346<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#compare two return values of functions\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definitions\n",
+ "def a():\n",
+ " x = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Number a() : \"))\n",
+ " return x\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def b():\n",
+ " x = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Number b() : \"))\n",
+ " return x\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call and Result\n",
+ "if a() == b():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nValue of a() & b() are equal\")\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nValue of a() & b() are unique\")"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number a() : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number b() : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Value of a() & b() are equal"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 19
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.30, Page number: 347<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Evaluate the equation s = sqr(a() + b()) using function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definitions\n",
+ "def a():\n",
+ " a = int(raw_input(\"Enter value of a : \"))\n",
+ " return a\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def b():\n",
+ " b = int(raw_input(\"Enter value of b : \"))\n",
+ " return b\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def sqr(x):\n",
+ " return x*x\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "s = sqr(a() + b())\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nSquare of Sum = %d\"%(s))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter value of a : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter value of b : 3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Square of Sum = 64"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 20
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.31, Page number: 348<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Evaluate the equation y = x^1+x^2..x^n using function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def b(m):\n",
+ " m += 1\n",
+ " #sys.stdout.write(\"%d\"%(m))\n",
+ " return m\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = int(raw_input(\"Values of 'x' and 'n' : \"))\n",
+ "n = int(raw_input(\"Values of 'x' and 'n' : \"))\n",
+ "y = 0\n",
+ "z = 1\n",
+ "m = 0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "while(z <= n):\n",
+ " m = b(m)\n",
+ " y = y + pow(x,m)\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"%d + \"%(y))\n",
+ " z += 1\n",
+ " \n",
+ "if z >= n:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nValue of y = %d\"%(y))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Values of 'x' and 'n' : 3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Values of 'x' and 'n' : 3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3 + 12 + 39 + \n",
+ "Value of y = 39"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 21
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.32, Page number: 350<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call user defined function through if statement\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def a():\n",
+ " a = int(raw_input(\"Enter value of a :\"))\n",
+ " return a\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call and Result\n",
+ "if a()%2 == 0:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nThe number is even.\")\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nThe number is odd.\")"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter value of a :5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "The number is odd."
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.33, Page number: 351<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call user defined function through switch() statement\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def a():\n",
+ " c = raw_input(\"Enter Your Choice Square(s), Cube(c), Double(d) : \")\n",
+ " c = c.lower()\n",
+ " return c\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#There is no switch() statement in python.\n",
+ "c = a()\n",
+ "if c == 's':\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nSquare of %d is %d\"%(x,pow(x,2)))\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " if c == 'c':\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nCube of %d is %d\"%(x,pow(x,3)))\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " if c == 'd':\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nDouble of %d is %d\"%(x,x*2))\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nUnexpected Choice printed as it is : %d\"%(x))\n",
+ " "
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Your Choice Square(s), Cube(c), Double(d) : D\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Double of 5 is 10"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 23
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.34, Page number: 353<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call function through the for loop\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def plus(k):\n",
+ " if k == 10:\n",
+ " return 0\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " return k\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "m = 1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call & Result\n",
+ "#in python, for loop iterates through a range of number. so while loop is used instead.\n",
+ "while plus(m) != 0:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"%3d\"%(m))\n",
+ " m += 1\n",
+ " "
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.35, Page number: 354<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call user defined function through while() loop\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def y():\n",
+ " x = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Number : \"))\n",
+ " return x\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call & Result\n",
+ "while y() != 0:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"Value enter is non-zero\\n\")"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Value enter is non-zero\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number : 0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 25
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.36, Page number: 355<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call user defined function through do while() loop\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def y():\n",
+ " x = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Number : \"))\n",
+ " return x\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call and Result\n",
+ "#There is no do-while loop in python\n",
+ "\n",
+ "while y() != 0:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nValue entered is non-zero\\n\")"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Value entered is non-zero\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number : 0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 27
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.37, Page number: 356<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Initialize an array using functions.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def c(m):\n",
+ " n = int(raw_input(\"Enter Number d[%d]\"%(m+1)))\n",
+ " return n\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "d = [c(i) for i in range(0,5)]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nArray d[] elements are : \")\n",
+ "for k in range(0,5):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"%2d\"%d[k])"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Number d[1]4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Number d[2]5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Number d[3]6\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Number d[4]7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Number d[5]8\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Array d[] elements are : 4 5 6 7 8"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 28
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.38, Page number: 357<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Pass array element to the function using call by value method.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def show(m,u):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nnum[%d] = %d\"%(m+1,u))\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable initialization\n",
+ "num = [12,13,14,15,16,17,18]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call & Result\n",
+ "for k in range(0,7):\n",
+ " show(k,num[k])"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "num[1] = 12\n",
+ "num[2] = 13\n",
+ "num[3] = 14\n",
+ "num[4] = 15\n",
+ "num[5] = 16\n",
+ "num[6] = 17\n",
+ "num[7] = 18"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 20
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.39, Page number: 358<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Pass array element to the function using call by reference\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def show(u):\n",
+ " m = 0\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nnum[7] = {\")\n",
+ " while m != 7:\n",
+ " #There is no pointer concept in python\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"%2d,\"%(u[m]))\n",
+ " m += 1\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\b}\")\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "num = [12,13,14,15,16,17,18]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "show(num)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "num[7] = {12,13,14,15,16,17,18,\b}"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.40, Page number: 359<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Array elements in reverse order.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def show(u):\n",
+ " m = 6\n",
+ " while m != -1:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nnum[%d] = %d\"%(m,u[m]))\n",
+ " m -= 1\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "num = [12,13,14,15,16,17,18]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "#There is no pointer concept in python\n",
+ "show(num)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "num[6] = 18\n",
+ "num[5] = 17\n",
+ "num[4] = 16\n",
+ "num[3] = 15\n",
+ "num[2] = 14\n",
+ "num[1] = 13\n",
+ "num[0] = 12"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 23
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.41, Page number: 360<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Copy array elements using user defined function.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def cpy(p,m):\n",
+ " j = 0\n",
+ " while j != 5:\n",
+ " m[j] = p[j]\n",
+ " j += 1\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "a1 = [1,2,3,4,5]\n",
+ "a2 = [0 for i in range(0,5)]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "cpy(a1,a2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"Source Target\")\n",
+ "for h in range(0,5):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\n%5d\\t%d\"%(a1[h],a2[h]))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Source Target\n",
+ " 1\t1\n",
+ " 2\t2\n",
+ " 3\t3\n",
+ " 4\t4\n",
+ " 5\t5"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 24
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.42, Page number: 361<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Read array of other function in main()\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def arry(k):\n",
+ " b = [1,2,3,4,5]\n",
+ " return b[k]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#main() function\n",
+ "for k in range(0,5):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\t%d\"%(arry(k)))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\t1\t2\t3\t4\t5"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 29
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.43, Page number: 361<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Interchange array elements of two arrays using function.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "global a\n",
+ "global b\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definitions\n",
+ "def read():\n",
+ " x = int(raw_input(\"\"))\n",
+ " return x\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def change(a,b):\n",
+ "#Since there is no pointer concept in python, exchange is done in the function using global variables.\n",
+ " for x in range(0,5):\n",
+ " a[x] = a[x] + b[x]\n",
+ " b[x] = a[x] - b[x]\n",
+ " a[x] = a[x] - b[x]\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "a = [0 for i in range(0,5)]\n",
+ "b = [0 for i in range(0,5)]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "for x in range(0,10):\n",
+ " if x < 5:\n",
+ " a[x] = read()\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " b[x-5] = read()\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Swapping and Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nArray A & B \")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "for x in range(0,5):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\n%7d%8d\"%(a[x],b[x]))\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#There is no pointer concept in python.\n",
+ "change(a,b)\n",
+ " \n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nNow A & B\")\n",
+ "for x in range(0,5):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\n%7d%8d\"%(a[x],b[x]))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "6\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "8\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "9\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Array A & B \n",
+ " 1 6\n",
+ " 2 7\n",
+ " 3 8\n",
+ " 4 9\n",
+ " 5 0\n",
+ "Now A & B\n",
+ " 6 1\n",
+ " 7 2\n",
+ " 8 3\n",
+ " 9 4\n",
+ " 0 5"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 30
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.44, Page number: 363<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Read array elements declared in different functions using global\n",
+ "#pointer declaration\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def call(j):\n",
+ " m = 0\n",
+ " u = [5,1,6,0,6]\n",
+ " q = u\n",
+ " while m != j:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"%3d\"%(u[m]))\n",
+ " m += 1\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\n\")\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "m = 0\n",
+ "k = [3,8,5,2,5]\n",
+ "q = k\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "while m != 5:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"%3d\"%(q[m]))\n",
+ " m += 1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\n\")\n",
+ "call(5)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " 3 8 5 2 5\n",
+ " 5 1 6 0 6\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 30
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.45, Page number: 364<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Sum of 1 to 5 numbers using recursion\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "global s\n",
+ "\n",
+ "s = 0\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def main(x,s):\n",
+ " s = s + x\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nx = %d s = %d\"%(x,s))\n",
+ " if x == 5:\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " x += 1\n",
+ " main(x,s)\n",
+ " \n",
+ "main(1,s)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "x = 1 s = 1\n",
+ "x = 2 s = 3\n",
+ "x = 3 s = 6\n",
+ "x = 4 s = 10\n",
+ "x = 5 s = 15"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.46, Page number: 365<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Calculate triangular number of a given number with recursion function method\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def tri_num(m):\n",
+ " f = 0\n",
+ " if m == 0:\n",
+ " return f\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " f = f + m + tri_num(m-1)\n",
+ " return f\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "n = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Number : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "t = tri_num(n)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nTriangular number of %d is %d\"%(n,t))\n",
+ " "
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Triangular number of 5 is 15"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 31
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.47, Page number: 366<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Display the given string using recursion\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "import os\n",
+ "global x\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = 0\n",
+ "str1 = \"Have a Good Day\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def main(x):\n",
+ " if x == len(str1): #There is no null terminating character in python string\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " if str1[x] == 'H':\n",
+ " os.system('cls')\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"%c\"%(str1[x]))\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"%c\"%(str1[x]))\n",
+ " x += 1\n",
+ " main(x)\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "main(x)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Have a Good Day"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 47
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.48, Page number: 367<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Display the given string 10 times using recursion\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "import os\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def main(x):\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\n%.2d] %s\"%(x,str1))\n",
+ " x += 1\n",
+ " if x == 11:\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " if x == 1:\n",
+ " os.system('cls')\n",
+ " main(x)\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " main(x)\n",
+ " \n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = 0\n",
+ "str1 = \"Have a Good Day\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "main(x)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "00] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "01] Have a Good Day"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "02] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "03] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "04] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "05] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "06] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "07] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "08] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "09] Have a Good Day\n",
+ "10] Have a Good Day"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 51
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.49, Page number: 368<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Factorial using recursive function.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function Definition\n",
+ "def fact(m):\n",
+ " f = 1\n",
+ " if m == 1:\n",
+ " return 1\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " f = m * fact(m-1)\n",
+ " return f\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Variable Initialization\n",
+ "x = int(raw_input(\"Enter a Number : \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "f = fact (x)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nFactorial of %d is %d\"%(x,f))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a Number : 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Factorial of 5 is 120"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 32
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.50, Page number: 369<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Display address of user defined function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def show():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAddress of function show() is : \")\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#Function call\n",
+ "show()\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"%u\"%(id(show)))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Address of function show() is : 95041520"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 54
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.51, Page number: 369<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call function using pointer\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def show():\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAddress of function show() is : \")\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#There is no pointer concept in python\n",
+ "p = id(show)\n",
+ "show()\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"%u\"%(id(show)))\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Address of function show() is : 95041200"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 55
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.52, Page number: 370<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Display the address of library function.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "import os\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAddress of printf() is %u\"%(id(sys.stdout.write)))\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAddress of scanf() is %u\"%(id(sys.stdout.read)))\n",
+ "sys.stdout.write(\"\\nAddress of clrscr() is %u\"%(id(os.system('cls'))))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Address of printf() is 60743848\n",
+ "Address of scanf() is 60743848\n",
+ "Address of clrscr() is 4774132"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 57
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10.53, Page number: 371<h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Call main() using pointer to main() function\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Initilization\n",
+ "x = 0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Function definition\n",
+ "def main(x):\n",
+ " p = id(main)\n",
+ " x += 1\n",
+ " sys.stdout.write(\"\\nCall %d Address of main() %u\"%(x,id(main)))\n",
+ " if x == 3:\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " main(x)\n",
+ " \n",
+ "#function call\n",
+ "main(x)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Call 1 Address of main() 95040880\n",
+ "Call 2 Address of main() 95040880\n",
+ "Call 3 Address of main() 95040880"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 59
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file |