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diff --git a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10.ipynb b/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 47581a84..00000000 --- a/Principles_Of_Electronic_Instrumentation/Pinciples_of_electronic_Instrumentation_Ch10.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,671 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": ""
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 10 : Bridge Circuits"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_1,pg 292"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# wheatstone bridge\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Vs=12.0 #source voltage\n",
- "R=120.0 #resistance of arms \n",
- "delv=0.3 #variation in output voltage(+/-)0.3\n",
- "Rm=100.0 #meter resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "delRbyR=(4.0/Vs)*(delv)*100\n",
- "delIm=(delRbyR/100.0)/(4.0*R*(1+(Rm/R)))\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"percent change in resistance:\")\n",
- "print(\"delRbyR = %.f%% \\n\"%delRbyR)\n",
- "print(\"current variation:\")\n",
- "print(\"delIm = %.6f A\"%delIm)\n",
- "# Answer current variation is not matchhing with the book"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "percent change in resistance:\n",
- "delRbyR = 10% \n",
- "\n",
- "current variation:\n",
- "delIm = 0.000114 A\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_2,pg 295"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# high resistance measurement bridge\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "#in absence of the guard point arrangement, two 10^10 ohm resistances in series become parallel \n",
- "#to the 10^9 ohm resistance, making the effective unknown resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "#case-1\n",
- "Rh=10.0**9\n",
- "Ra1=10.0**10\n",
- "Rb1=10.0**10\n",
- "#case-2 \n",
- "Ra2=10.0**9\n",
- "Rb2=10.0**9\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Rue1=((Rh*2*Ra1)/(Rh+(2*Ra1))) #effective resistance\n",
- "err1=((Rh-Rue1)/Rh)*100 #percentage error\n",
- "Rue2=((Rh*2*Ra2)/(Rh+(2*Ra2))) #effective resistance\n",
- "err2=((Rh-Rue2)/Rh)*100 #percentage error\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"percentage error case-1:\")\n",
- "print(\"err1 = %.0f%% \\n\"%err1)\n",
- "print(\"percentage error case-2:\")\n",
- "print(\"err2 = %.1f%%\"%err2)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "percentage error case-1:\n",
- "err1 = 5% \n",
- "\n",
- "percentage error case-2:\n",
- "err2 = 33.3%\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_3,pg 297"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# capacitance and resistance of AC bridge\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Z1=20.0+80.0j #impedance in first arm\n",
- "Z2=200.0 #impedance in second arm\n",
- "Z3=100.0+200.0j #impedance in third arm\n",
- "f=50.0 #excitation frequency\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Zu=((Z2*Z3)/Z1) #impedance of fourth arm\n",
- "Cu=(1.0/(2*math.pi*f*Zu.real)) #capacitance in fourth arm\n",
- "Ru=-Zu.imag #resistance in fourth arm\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"capacitance in fourth arm:\")\n",
- "print(\"Cu = %f F\\n\"%(Cu*10**6))\n",
- "print(\"resistance in fourth arm:\")\n",
- "print(\"Ru = %.2f ohm\"%Ru)\n",
- "#Answer is slightly different than book"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "capacitance in fourth arm:\n",
- "Cu = 6.012520 F\n",
- "\n",
- "resistance in fourth arm:\n",
- "Ru = 117.65 ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 15
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_4,pg 301"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# schering bridge\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "C3=0.001*10**-6 #capacitor\n",
- "Fd=6.0*10**-4 #dissipation factor\n",
- "f=1.0*10**3 #schering bridge frequency\n",
- "R1=10.0*10**3\n",
- "R2=10.0*10**3\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Ru=(Fd/(2*math.pi*f*C3)) #standard resistor\n",
- "C1=C3*(1/R2)*Ru\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"standard resistor:\")\n",
- "print(\"Ru = %.3f ohm\\n\"%Ru)\n",
- "print(\"capacitor:\")\n",
- "print(\"C1 = %.1f pF\"%(C1*10**12))\n",
- "#Answer do not match with the book"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "standard resistor:\n",
- "Ru = 95.493 ohm\n",
- "\n",
- "capacitor:\n",
- "C1 = 9.5 pF\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 25
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_5,pg 303"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# wein bridge\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "R=10*10**3 #resistor\n",
- "C=0.001*10**-6 #capacitor\n",
- "R3=10.0*10**3 #reistance in third arm\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "f=(1.0/(2*math.pi*R*C)) #supply frequency\n",
- "R4=(R3/2) #reistance in fourth arm\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"supply frequency:\")\n",
- "print(\"f = %.2f kHz\\n\"%(f/1000))\n",
- "print(\"reistance in fourth arm:\")\n",
- "print(\"R4 = %.1f k-ohm\"%(R4/1000))"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "supply frequency:\n",
- "f = 15.92 kHz\n",
- "\n",
- "reistance in fourth arm:\n",
- "R4 = 5.0 k-ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 27
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_6,pg 303"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# balance condition in wein bridge\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "f=47.76*10**3 #supplu frequency\n",
- "C=10**-9 #assume\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "CR=(1.0/(2*math.pi*f)) #resistor capacitor product\n",
- "R=(CR/C) #resistor\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"for (R3/R4) = 2\\nR3 and R4 may be maintained at earlier values\")"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "for (R3/R4) = 2\n",
- "R3 and R4 may be maintained at earlier values\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_7,pg 309"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# relation between Vo and t for Vi given\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "a1=3.81*10**-3\n",
- "a2=-6.17*10**-7\n",
- "#R1=(R2/2),i.e R2/R1=2\n",
- "R1=10*10**3\n",
- "R2=20*10**3\n",
- "R5=4*10**3\n",
- "R6=20*10**3\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "B=(R5/(R5+R6))\n",
- "#using relation 10.68(b)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"(Vo/Vi)= (-3.05*10^-3)t/(1+0.76*10^-3)t\")\n",
- "print(\"thus for, t<=130 C, Vo is approx. linear. This however can be extended with proper choice\")\n",
- "print(\"i.e R5 and R6 in relation to R1,R3 and R4\")"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "(Vo/Vi)= (-3.05*10^-3)t/(1+0.76*10^-3)t\n",
- "thus for, t<=130 C, Vo is approx. linear. This however can be extended with proper choice\n",
- "i.e R5 and R6 in relation to R1,R3 and R4\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 11
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_8,pg 503"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# find deflection in galvanometer\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "R1=120.0 #resistance of arm-1\n",
- "R2=120.0 #resistance of arm-2\n",
- "R3=120.0 #resistance of arm-3\n",
- "R4=121.0 #resistance of arm-4\n",
- "Rm=100.0 #meter resistance\n",
- "Vs=6.0 #source voltage\n",
- "n=1*10**-3 #meter sensitivity\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "k=(R3/(R3+R4))\n",
- "k = math.floor(k*10**3)/10**3\n",
- "Vm=Vs*((R1/(R1+R2))-k) #voltage across meter\n",
- "Rb=((R1*R2)/(R1+R2))+((R3*R4)/(R3+R4)) #thevenised bridge resistance\n",
- "Rb=math.floor(Rb*1000)/1000 \n",
- "Ig=(Vm/(Rb+Rm)) #current through galvanometer\n",
- " \n",
- "D=Ig*10**6\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"deflection in meter:\")\n",
- "print(\"D = %f mm\"%D)\n",
- "#Calcualtions in the book are not correct"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "deflection in meter:\n",
- "D = 81.726054 mm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 49
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_9,pg 503"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# find insulating post resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "err=0.5/100.0 #(+/-)0.5%\n",
- "R=100.0*10**6 #test resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "#Re=((R*2*Rip)/(R+(2*Rip)))\n",
- "Re1=R-(err*R) #err=+0.5\n",
- "Re2=R+(err*R) #err=-0.5\n",
- "Rip1=((R*Re1)/(2*(R-Re1))) #err=+0.5\n",
- "Rip2=((R*Re2)/(2*(Re2-R))) #err=-0.5\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"resistance of each insulating post-1:\")\n",
- "print(\"Rip1 = %.2f M-ohm\\n\"%(Rip1*10**-6))\n",
- "print(\"resistance of each insulating post-2:\")\n",
- "print(\"Rip2 = %.2f M-ohm\"%(Rip2*10**-6))\n",
- "# Answer in the book are not matching"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "resistance of each insulating post-1:\n",
- "Rip1 = 9950.00 M-ohm\n",
- "\n",
- "resistance of each insulating post-2:\n",
- "Rip2 = 10050.00 M-ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 61
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_10,pg 504\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# maxwell bridge\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Ru=130.0 #resistance\n",
- "Lu=31*10**-3 #inductance \n",
- "R2=10*10**3 #resistance in arm-2\n",
- "C1=0.01*10**-6 #capacitance in arm\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "R3=(Lu/(C1*R2)) #resistance in arm-3\n",
- "R1=((R2*R3)/Ru) #resistance in arm-1\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"R1 = %.2f k-ohm\"%(R1/1000))\n",
- "print(\"R3 = %.f ohm\"%R3)\n",
- "print(\"yes values are unique\")"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "R1 = 23.85 k-ohm\n",
- "R3 = 310 ohm\n",
- "yes values are unique\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 64
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_11,pg 504"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# hay bridge\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "f=1000.0 #supply frequency\n",
- "C1=0.04*10**-6 #capacitance\n",
- "R1=220.0 #resistance in arm-1\n",
- "R2 = 10*10**3 #resistance in arm-2\n",
- "Lu=22.0*10**-3 #inductance\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "pi= math.floor(math.pi*100)/100\n",
- "Ru=((2*pi*f)**2)*C1*R1*Lu #resistance\n",
- "R3=((R1*Ru)+(Lu/C1))/R2 #resistance in arm-3\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"resistance of inductor:\")\n",
- "print(\"Ru = %.3f ohm\\n\"%Ru)\n",
- "print(\"resistance of arm-3:\")\n",
- "print(\"R3 = %.2f ohm\"%R3)\n",
- "#Answer for R3 is not matching."
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "resistance of inductor:\n",
- "Ru = 7.635 ohm\n",
- "\n",
- "resistance of arm-3:\n",
- "R3 = 55.17 ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 74
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_12,pg 505"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# find C1 C3 and dissipation factor\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "C4=0.0033*10**-6 #lossy capacitor\n",
- "R2=12.0*10**3 #arm-2 resistance\n",
- "R1=10.0*10**3 #arm-1 resistance\n",
- "f = 50.0 # frequency\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "C3=((C4*R2)/R1) #standard capacitance\n",
- "R4=0.1\n",
- "C1=((R4*C3)/R2)\n",
- "Fd=2*math.pi*f*C4*R4 #dissipation factor\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"capacitance set value:\")\n",
- "print(\"C1 = %.5f * 10^12 F\\n\"%(C1*10**12))\n",
- "print(\"value of standard capacitance:\")\n",
- "print(\"C3 = %.5f *10^6 F\\n\"%(C3*10**6))\n",
- "print(\"dissipation factor:\")\n",
- "print(\"Fd = %.4f * 10^-6\"%(math.floor(Fd*10**10)/10**4))\n",
- "#Answer for C1 is wrong"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "capacitance set value:\n",
- "C1 = 0.03300 * 10^12 F\n",
- "\n",
- "value of standard capacitance:\n",
- "C3 = 0.00396 *10^6 F\n",
- "\n",
- "dissipation factor:\n",
- "Fd = 0.1036 * 10^-6\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example10_13,pg 505"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# wein bridge\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "f=10.0*10**3 #supply frequency\n",
- "R1=10.0*10**3 #reistance of arm-1\n",
- "C1=0.01*10**-6\n",
- "C2=0.01*10**-6\n",
- "R3=20*10**3 #resistance of arm-3\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calaculations\n",
- "R2=(1/(f**2))*(1/(C1*C2*R1)) #resistance of arm-2\n",
- "R4=(R3/((R1/R2)+(C2/C1))) #resistance of arm-4\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"resistance of arm-2:\")\n",
- "print(\"R4 = %.f k-ohm\\n\"%(R2/1000))\n",
- "print(\"resistance of arm-4:\")\n",
- "print(\"R2 = %.f k-ohm\\n\"%(R4/1000))"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "resistance of arm-2:\n",
- "R4 = 10 k-ohm\n",
- "\n",
- "resistance of arm-4:\n",
- "R2 = 10 k-ohm\n",
- "\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 12
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file |