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diff --git a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_Principles_and_Practice/Chapter12.ipynb b/Optical_Fiber_Communication_Principles_and_Practice/Chapter12.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 288c514a..00000000 --- a/Optical_Fiber_Communication_Principles_and_Practice/Chapter12.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,488 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "Chapter_12" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Chapter 12 :- Optical fiber systems 1: Intensity modulation/direct detection\n" - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.1, page 706" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "#Variable declaration\nn=8 #bits in a time slot\nt=32 #bits in a frame\nf=8*10**3 #frequency\nm=16 #bits in a multiframe\n\n#Calculation\nnb=n*t #number of bits in a frame\nfr=nb*f #transmission rate\ntr=fr**-1 #bit duration\nts=tr*n #duration of a time slot\ntf=ts*t #duration of a frame\ntm=tf*m #duration of a multiframe\n\n#Result\nprint'(a) Bit rate for the system = %.3f Mbit s^-1'%(fr*10**-6)\nprint'(b) Duration of the time slot = %.1f \u03bcs'%(ts*10**6)\nprint'(c) Duration of a frame = %d \u03bcs' %(tf*10**6)\nprint'Duration of a multiframe = %d ms' %(tm*10**3)\n\n", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "(a) Bit rate for the system = 2.048 Mbit s^-1\n(b) Duration of the time slot = 3.9 \u03bcs\n(c) Duration of a frame = 125 \u03bcs\nDuration of a multiframe = 2 ms\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 1 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.2, page 720" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nm=4.24 #erfc = 2*10^9\na=2*math.sqrt(2)\n\n#Calculation\nsn=m*a #root of S/N = optical\nsn1=10*math.log10(sn) #in dB\nisq=sn**2 #S/N = electrical \nisq1=10*math.log10(isq) #in dB\n#Result\nprint'Optical SNR = %.1f'%sn\nprint' = %.1f dB'%sn1\nprint'Electrical SNR = %.1f'%round(isq)\nprint' = %.1f dB'%isq1", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Optical SNR = 12.0\n = 10.8 dB\nElectrical SNR = 144.0\n = 21.6 dB\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 2 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.3, page 723" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nm=100 #multiplication factor\nk=0.02 #ratio of carrier ionization rates \nsn=144 #electrical SNR\nn=0.8 #quantum efficiency\nB=0.6\n\n#Calculation\nfm=(k*m)+(2-(1/m))*(1-k) #avalanche noise factor\nzm=2*B*round(fm)*sn/n #average number of photons\n\n#Result\nprint'Average no of photons = %d photons'%round(zm)", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Average no of photons = 864 photons\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 3 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.4, page 724" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nzm=864 #average no of photons\nh=6.626*10**-34 #plancks constant\nc=2.998*10**8 #velocity of light\nl1=10**-6 #wavelength\nl2=10**-14 #wavelength\nbt=10**7 \nn=14\n\n\n#Calculation\npo1=(zm*h*c*bt)/(2*l1) #At 10 Mbit s^-1\npo2=(zm*h*c*n*bt)/(2*l2) #At 140 Mbit s^-1\n\n#Result\nprint'Incident optical power (10 Mbit s^-l) = %.1f pW'%(po1*10**12)\nprint'Incident optical power (140 Mbit s^-l) = %.3f W'%po2 #value given in a textbook is incorrect", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Incident optical power (10 Mbit s^-l) = 858.2 pW\nIncident optical power (140 Mbit s^-l) = 1.201 W\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 4 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.5, page 726" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "#Variable declaration\nafc=5 #fibre cable attenuation\nai=2 #splice losses\nl=4 #length in Km\naf=3.5+2.5 #connector losses at source and detector resp\n\n#Calculation\nCl=(afc+ai)*l+af #total channel loss\n\n#Result\nprint'Total channel loss = %d dB'%Cl", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Total channel loss = 34 dB\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 5 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.6, page 727" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\ns=0.6*10**-9 #rms pulse broadening\nL=8 #length in km\nbt=25*10**6 #bit rates\nbt1=150*10**6 #bit rates\n\n#Calculation\nst=s*L #total rms pulse broadening\ndl1=2*(2*st*bt*math.sqrt(2))**4 #without mode coupling\nst1=s*math.sqrt(L) #total rms pulse broadening\ndl2=2*(2*st1*bt*math.sqrt(2))**4 #with mode coupling\ndl3=2*(2*st*bt1*math.sqrt(2))**4 #without mode coupling\ndl4=2*(2*st1*bt1*math.sqrt(2))**4 #with mode coupling\n\n#Result\nprint'(a) For 25 Mbit per sec'\nprint'dispersion\u2013equalization penalty (without mode coupling) = %.2f dB'%dl1\nprint'dispersion\u2013equalization penalty (with mode coupling) = %.2f x 10^-4 dB\\n'%(dl2*10**4)\nprint'(b) For 150 Mbit per sec'\nprint'dispersion\u2013equalization penalty (without mode coupling) = %.2f dB'%dl3\nprint'dispersion\u2013equalization penalty (with mode coupling) = %.2f dB'%dl4", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "(a) For 25 Mbit per sec\ndispersion\u2013equalization penalty (without mode coupling) = 0.03 dB\ndispersion\u2013equalization penalty (with mode coupling) = 4.15 x 10^-4 dB\n\n(b) For 150 Mbit per sec\ndispersion\u2013equalization penalty (without mode coupling) = 34.40 dB\ndispersion\u2013equalization penalty (with mode coupling) = 0.54 dB\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 6 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.7, page 731" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nts=8 #rise time for source in ns\ntn=5*ts #for fiber intermodal\ntc=1*ts #for pulse broadening\ntd=6 #for detector\n\n#Calculation\ntsys=1.1*(ts**2+tn**2+tc**2+td**2)**0.5 #total system rise time\nBt=0.7/(tsys*10**-9) #max bit rate\n\n\n#Result\nprint'Bt (Max) = %.1f Mbit per sec'%(Bt/10**6)", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Bt (Max) = 15.2 Mbit per sec\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 7 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.8, page 732" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\npo=-55 #mean power required at the APD receiver at 35 Mbit s^-1\npo1=-44 #mean power required at the APD receiver at 400 Mbit s^-1\npi=-3 #mean power launched from the laser transmitter\nl1=0.4 #cable fiber loss\nl2=0.1 #splice losses\nl3=1 #connector loss \nma=7 #safety margin\na=0.5 \nacr=2\ndl=1.5\n\n#Calculation \nL1=(pi-po-acr-ma)/a #for 35 Mbit s^-1\nL2=(pi-po1-acr-ma)/a #for 400 Mbit s^-1\nL3=(pi-po1-acr-dl-ma)/a #reduction in the maximum possible link\n\n#Result\nprint'(a) Maximum possible link length (operating at 35 Mbit s^-1) = %d km'%L1\nprint'(b) Maximum possible link length (operating at 400 Mbit s^-1) = %d km'%L2\nprint'(c) Reduction in the maximum possible link length = %d km'%L3", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "(a) Maximum possible link length (operating at 35 Mbit s^-1) = 86 km\n(b) Maximum possible link length (operating at 400 Mbit s^-1) = 64 km\n(c) Reduction in the maximum possible link length = 61 km\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 8 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.9, page 734" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\npo=-10 #mean optical power launched into the fiber from the transmitter (100 \u03bcm)\nrs=-41 #receiver sensitivity at 20 Mbit s^-1\nl1=7*2.6 #cabled fiber loss\nl2=6*0.5 #splice losses\nl3=1*1.5 #connector loss \nms=6 #safety margin\n\n#Calculation\nts=po-rs #Total system margin\ntsl=l1+l2+l3+ms #Total system loss\npm=ts-tsl #Excess power margin \n\n#Result\nprint'Total system margin = %d dB'%ts\nprint'Total system loss = %.1f dB'%tsl\nprint'Excess power margin = %.1f dB'%pm\n", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Total system margin = 31 dB\nTotal system loss = 28.7 dB\nExcess power margin = 2.3 dB\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 9 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.10, page 740" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nv=5 #output voltage\nh=6.626*10**-34 #plancks constant\nc=2.998*10**8 #velocity of light\nk=1.385*10**-23 #boltzman constant\nt=290 #tempreture in kelvin\nzo=100 #cable impedance\nn=0.7 #quantum efficiency\npi=10**-3 #optical power\nlam=0.85*10**-6 #wavelength\n\n#Calculation\nratio=(v**2*h*c)/(2*k*t*zo*n*pi*lam) #ratio\nratio1=10*math.log10(ratio) #ration in dB\n\n#Result\nprint'Ratio = %d dB'%ratio1", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Ratio = 40 dB\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 10 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.11, page 744" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nma=0.8 #modulation index\nR=0.5 #responsivity\nb=0.7 #ratio of luminance to composite video\nsnr=3.162*10**5 #SNR\ne=1.602*10**-19 #electron volt\nB=5*10**6 #bandwidth\nK=1.385*10**-23 #boltzman constant \nT=293 #tempreture in kelvin\nFn=1.413\nRl=10**6\n\n#Calculation\na=(2*ma*R*b)**2\nc=snr*2*e*B*R\nd=snr*4*K*T*B*Fn/Rl\nf = (c**2)+(4*a*d)\npo=(c+math.sqrt(f))/(2*a) #average incident optical power \npo1=10*math.log10(po*1000) #in dB\n\n#Result\nprint'Average incident optical power = %.2f uW'%(po*10**6)\nprint' = %.1f dB m'%po1\n\n", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Average incident optical power = 0.93 uW\n = -30.3 dB m\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 11 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.12, page 747" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nh=6.626*10**-34 #plancks constant\nc=2.998*10**8 #velocity of light\ne=1.602*10**-19 #1 electron volt\nn=0.6 #p\u2013i\u2013n photodiode quantum efficiency\nma=0.5 #modulation index\nlam=10**-6 #wavelength\nk=1.385*10**-23 #boltzman constant \nt=300 #tempreture in kelvin\nf=4 #amplifier noise figure\nrl=50*10**3 #effective load impedance\nsn=3.162*10**4 #signal to noise ratio\nB=10**7 #bandwidth\n\n#Calculation\na=h*c/(e*n*ma**2*lam)\nb=math.sqrt((8*k*t*f)/rl)\nc=math.sqrt(sn*B)\npo=a*b*c #optical power\npo1=10*math.log10(po*1000) #optical power in dB\n\n#Result\nprint'Optical power, Po = %.2f uW'%(po*10**6)\nprint' = %.1f dBm'%po1", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Optical power, Po = 7.58 uW\n = -21.2 dBm\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 12 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.13, page 748" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\npo=-10 #mean optical power launched into the fiber from the transmitter (100 \u03bcm)\nrs=-25 #receiver sensitivity \nl1=2*3.5 #cable fiber loss\nl2=2*0.7 #splice losses\nl3=1.6 #connector loss \nms=4.0 #safety margin\nafc=3.5\nai=0.7\nacr=1.6\nma=7\n\n#Calculation\nts=po-rs #Total system margi\ntsl=l1+l2+l3+ms #Total system loss\npm=ts-tsl #Excess power margin \nL=((0-rs)-(acr+ma))/(afc+ai)\n\n#Result\nprint'(a) Total system margin = %d dB'%ts\nprint' Total system loss = %.1f dB'%tsl\nprint' Excess power margin = %.1f dB'%pm\nprint'\\n(b) Increase in link length = %.1f Km'%(L)", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "(a) Total system margin = 15 dB\n Total system loss = 14.0 dB\n Excess power margin = 1.0 dB\n\n(b) Increase in link length = 3.9 Km\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 13 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.14, page 750" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "#Variable declaration\nBop=6*10**6\nts=10 #rise time for source in ns\ntn=5*9 #for fiber intermodal\ntc=5*2 #for pulse broadening\ntd=3 #for detector\n\n\n#Calculation\ntsys=0.35/Bop\ntsys1=1.1*(ts**2+tn**2+tc**2+td**2)**0.5 #total system rise time\n\n#Result\nprint'Maximum permitted system rise time = %.1f ns'%(tsys*10**9)\nprint'Total system rise time = %.1f ns'%(tsys1)\n", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Maximum permitted system rise time = 58.3 ns\nTotal system rise time = 52.0 ns\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 14 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.15, page 755" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nfd=400*10**3 #peak frequency deviation\nBa=4*10**3 #bandwidth\n\n#Calculation\nDf=fd/Ba #frequency deviation ratio\nsnr=1.76+(20*math.log10(Df)) #SNR improvement\nBm=2*(Df+1)*Ba #bandwidth of the FM\u2013IM signal \n \n#Result\nprint'(a) SNR improvement = %.2f dB'%snr\nprint'(b) Frequency deviation ratio = %d'%Df\nprint' Bandwidth of FM-IM signal = %d kHz'%(Bm/1000)", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "(a) SNR improvement = 41.76 dB\n(b) Frequency deviation ratio = 100\n Bandwidth of FM-IM signal = 808 kHz\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 15 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.16, page 757" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nfm=3 #output FM ratio\npm=1 #output PM ratio\n\n#Calculation\nratio=fm/pm #SNR ratio\nratio1=10*math.log10(ratio) #SNR ratio in dB\n\n#Result\nprint'Ratio of output SNR = %.2f dB'%(ratio1)", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Ratio of output SNR = 4.77 dB\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 16 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.17, page 759" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nto=5*10**-8 #nominal pulse period\nfd=5*10**6 #Peak-to-peak frequency deviation\nM=60 #A PD multiplication factor\nR=0.7 #A PD responsivity\npo=10**-7 #peak optical power at receiver\ntr=12*10**-9 #Total system 10\u201390% rise time\nB=6*10**6 #baseband noise bandwidth\ni=10**-17 #Receiver mean square noise current\n\n\n#Calculation\nsnp=(3*(to*fd*M*R*po)**2)/(i*(2*math.pi*tr*B)**2) #peak-to-peak signal to rms noise ratio\nsnp1=10*math.log10(snp) #in dB\n\n#Result\nprint'Peak-to-peak signal to rms noise ratio = %.1f dB'%snp1\n", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Peak-to-peak signal to rms noise ratio = 62.1 dB\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 17 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.18, page 763" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "%pylab inline\nimport math\nfrom pylab import *\nfrom numpy import *\n\n#Variable declaration\nacr=1 #connector loss in dB\nafc=5 #loss per kilometer in dB\nLbu=0.1 #fiber length between each of the access couplers\nLac=1 #insertion loss\nLtr=10 #loss due to the tap ratio\nLsp=3 #splitting loss\n \n#Calculating, we get two equation in terms of N, no of nodes, i.e C(1,N-1)=(3.5*N)+8.5 and C(star)=4.5+(10*log10(N)) \n\n#For Bus distribution system\n\nfor N in range(1,13,1):\n C=(3.5*N)+8.5;\n a=plot(N,C,'.r')\n \n \n#for Star distribution system\n \nfor N in range(1,30,1):\n C1=4.5+(10*log10(N));\n b=plot(N,C1,'.g')\n \n \n#To show plot in same graph\n#Graphical comparison showing total channel loss against number of nodes\n\nxlabel(\"Number of nodes $N$\")\nylabel(\"Total channel loss $CL$ (dB)\")\ngrid()\nshow(a)\nshow(b)\n", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n" - }, - { - "metadata": {}, - "output_type": "display_data", - "png": 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- "text": "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3f7ea90>" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 27 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.19, page 782" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "#Variable declaration\nh=6.626*10**-34 #plancks constant\nc=2.998*10**8 #velocity of light\nlam=1.55*10**-6 #wavelength\nL=100*10**3 #length\nK=4 \nB=1.2*10**9 #bandwidth\nsnr=50 #SNR\na=10**-2.5\npi=10**-3\n\n#Calculation\nLt=(pi*lam*a*L)/(K*h*c*B*snr) #link with a large number of cascaded amplifiers\n\n#Result\nprint'Maximum system length = %d x 10^4 km'%(Lt/10**7)", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "Maximum system length = 1 x 10^4 km\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 19 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.21, page 791" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nb=17 #second-order dispersion coefficient for the latter path\nL2=20 #path length in km\nL1=160.00 #path length in km\ns1=-0.075 #dispersion slope\n\n#Calculation\na=-b*L2\nG=a/L1 #second-order dispersion coefficient\ns2=s1*L1/L2 #chromatic dispersion slope\n\n#Result\nprint'(a) Second-order dispersion coefficient = %.3f ps nm^-1 km^-1'%G \nprint'(b) chromatic dispersion slope = %.1f ps nm^-2 km^-1'%s2", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "(a) Second-order dispersion coefficient = -2.125 ps nm^-1 km^-1\n(b) chromatic dispersion slope = -0.6 ps nm^-2 km^-1\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 20 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.22, page 798" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nto=70*10**-12 #bit period\nt=6*10**-12 #RZ pulse width\nB2=50*10**-12*10**-12*10**-3 #second-order dispersion coefficient\nL=50*10**3 #amplifier spacing\n\n#Calculation\nqo=0.5*to/t #separation of the soliton pulses \nBt=(2*qo*math.sqrt(B2*L))**-1 #transmission bit rate \n\n#Result\nprint'(a) Separation = %.1f'%qo\nprint'(b) Transmission bit rate = %.2f x 10^9'%(Bt*10**-8)", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "(a) Separation = 5.8\n(b) Transmission bit rate = 17.14 x 10^9\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 21 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example 12.23, page 799" - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": "import math\n\n#Variable declaration\nto=40*10**-12 #bit period\nt=4*10**-12 #RZ pulse width\na=0.2*10**-3 #attenuation coefficient\nB2=1.25*10**-12*10**-12*10**-3 #second-order dispersion coefficient\n\n#Calculation\nqo=0.5*to/t #separation of the soliton pulses \nb=1/(2*qo)\nc=math.sqrt(a/B2)\nBt=b*c #transmission bit rate \n\n#Result\nprint'(a) Separation = %.1f'%qo\nprint'(b) Transmission bit rate = %.2f x 10^10 bit s^-1'%(Bt*10**-10)", - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": "(a) Separation = 5.0\n(b) Transmission bit rate = 4.00 x 10^10 bit s^-1\n" - } - ], - "prompt_number": 22 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
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