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+{
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "# Chapter 6: Strengthening Mechanisms"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "### Example 6.1, Grain Size Measurement, Page No. 193"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 1,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Yield Stress = 254.464 MPa\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "from math import sqrt\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#variable declaration\n",
+ "sigma_i=150;\n",
+ "k=0.7;\n",
+ "n=6;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation\n",
+ "N_x=2**(n-1);\n",
+ "N=N_x/(0.01)**2; #in grains/in^2\n",
+ "N=N*10**6/25.4**2; # in grains/m^2\n",
+ "D=sqrt(1/N);\n",
+ "sigma0=sigma_i+k/sqrt(D);\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print ('\\nYield Stress = %g MPa')%(sigma0);"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "### Example 6.2, Strengthing Mechanism, Page No. 219"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 2,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Particle Spacing = 2.3e-08 m\n",
+ "Particle Size = 7.35948e-10 m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#variable declaration\n",
+ "sigma0=600;\n",
+ "G=27.6;\n",
+ "G=G*10**9 #conversion to Pa\n",
+ "b=2.5*10**-8;\n",
+ "b=b*10**-2; #conversion to m\n",
+ "T0=sigma0/2;\n",
+ "T0=T0*10**6; #conversion to Pa\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation\n",
+ "lambda1=G*b/T0;\n",
+ "Cu_max=54;\n",
+ "Cu_eq=4;\n",
+ "Cu_min=0.5;\n",
+ "rho_al=2.7;\n",
+ "rho_theta=4.43;\n",
+ "wt_a=(Cu_max-Cu_eq)/(Cu_max-Cu_min);\n",
+ "wt_theta=(Cu_eq-Cu_min)/(Cu_max-Cu_min);\n",
+ "V_a=wt_a/rho_al;\n",
+ "V_theta=wt_theta/rho_theta;\n",
+ "f=V_theta/(V_a+V_theta);\n",
+ "r=(3*f*lambda1)/(4*(1-f));\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print('\\nParticle Spacing = %g m\\nParticle Size = %g m')%(lambda1,r);"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "### Example 6.3, Fiber Strengthing, Page No. 222"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 3,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Ec for 10 vol% = 92 GPa\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ec for 60 vol% = 252 GPa\n",
+ "\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#variable declaration\n",
+ "Ef=380;\n",
+ "Em=60;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation\n",
+ "#Case 1\n",
+ "f_f1=0.1;\n",
+ "Ec1=Ef*f_f1+(1-f_f1)*Em;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Case 2\n",
+ "f_f2=0.6;\n",
+ "Ec2=Ef*f_f2+(1-f_f2)*Em;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print('\\nEc for 10 vol%% = %g GPa\\n')%(Ec1);\n",
+ "print('\\nEc for 60 vol%% = %g GPa\\n')%(Ec2);"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "### Example 6.4, Load Transfer, Page No. 225"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 4,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "sigma_cu = 2.55 GPa for L=100um\n",
+ "\n",
+ "sigma_cu = 0.596875 GPa for L=2mm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#variable declaration\n",
+ "sigma_fu=5;\n",
+ "sigma_fu=sigma_fu*10**9; #Conversion to Pa\n",
+ "sigma_m=100;\n",
+ "sigma_m=sigma_m*10**6; #Conversion to Pa\n",
+ "T0=80;\n",
+ "T0=T0*10**6; #Conversion to Pa\n",
+ "f_f=0.5;\n",
+ "d=100;\n",
+ "d=d*10**-6;\n",
+ "B=0.5;\n",
+ "L1=10;\n",
+ "L1=L1*10**2; #conversion to m\n",
+ "Lc=sigma_fu*d/(2*T0);\n",
+ "sigma_cu1=sigma_fu*f_f*(1-Lc/(2*L1))+sigma_m*(1-f_f);\n",
+ "sigma_cu1=sigma_cu1*10**-9;\n",
+ "print('\\nsigma_cu = %g GPa for L=100um\\n')%(sigma_cu1);\n",
+ "\n",
+ "L2=2;\n",
+ "L2=L2*10**-3; #conversion to m\n",
+ "sigma_cu2=sigma_fu*f_f*(1-Lc/(2*L2))+sigma_m*(1-f_f);\n",
+ "sigma_cu2=sigma_cu2*10**-9;\n",
+ "print('sigma_cu = %g GPa for L=2mm')%(sigma_cu2);"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Python 2",
+ "language": "python",
+ "name": "python2"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "codemirror_mode": {
+ "name": "ipython",
+ "version": 2
+ },
+ "file_extension": ".py",
+ "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+ "name": "python",
+ "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+ "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+ "version": "2.7.9"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}