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diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch11_1.ipynb b/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch11_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..88260971 --- /dev/null +++ b/Linear_Integrated_Circuit_by_M._S._Sivakumar/Ch11_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,759 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 11 Digital To Analog Converter(D/A Converter)" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.1 Pg 313" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the full scale voltage of D/A converter VFS is = 24.00 V \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "from math import sqrt, pi\n", + "# to determine the full scale voltage of D/A\n", + "Vref = 12 #\n", + "Rf = 10 # # K ohm\n", + "R = 5 # # K ohm\n", + "\n", + "# the full scale voltage of D/A converter \n", + "VFS = Vref*(Rf/R) #\n", + "print 'the full scale voltage of D/A converter VFS is = %0.2f'%VFS,' V '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.2 Pg 313" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "For BI 10101010 the output of D/A converter is = 2.04 V \n", + "For BI 11001100 the output of D/A converter is = 2.448 V \n", + "For BI 11101110 the output of D/A converter is = 2.856 V \n", + "For BI 00010001 the output of D/A converter is = 0.204 V \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + " # determine the output voltage of D/A converter for the binary inputs a) 10101010 b) 11001100 c) 11101110 d) 00010001 \n", + "Del = 12*10**-3 # # mA\n", + "\n", + "# the input voltage of D/A converter \n", + " #Vo = Del*binary input (BI)\n", + "\n", + "# For BI 10101010 the output\n", + "BI = '10101010' #\n", + "BI = int(BI,2)#\n", + "Vo = Del*BI #\n", + "print 'For BI 10101010 the output of D/A converter is = ',Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# For BI 11001100 the output\n", + "BI = '11001100' #\n", + "BI = int(BI,2)#\n", + "Vo = Del*BI #\n", + "print 'For BI 11001100 the output of D/A converter is = ',Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# For BI 11101110 the output\n", + "BI = '11101110' #\n", + "BI = int(BI,2)#\n", + "Vo = Del*BI #\n", + "print 'For BI 11101110 the output of D/A converter is = ',Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# For BI 00010001 the output\n", + "BI = '00010001' #\n", + "BI = int(BI,2)#\n", + "Vo = Del*BI #\n", + "print 'For BI 00010001 the output of D/A converter is = ',Vo,' V '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.3 Pg 314" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the resolution of 4-bit D/A converter is = 0.80 V \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "# determine the resolution of 4-bit D/A converter\n", + "VFS = 12.0 #\n", + "N = 4.0 #\n", + "\n", + "# the resolution of 4-bit D/A converter is defined as\n", + "Resolution = VFS/(2**N-1) #\n", + "print 'the resolution of 4-bit D/A converter is = %0.2f'%Resolution,' V '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.4 314" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the number of bit required to design a 4-bit D/A converter is = 8.97 = 9 \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "from math import log10\n", + "# determine the number of bit required to design a 4-bit D/A converter\n", + "VFS = 5 #\n", + "Resolution = 10*10**-3 # # A\n", + "\n", + "# the resolution of 4-bit D/A converter is defined as\n", + "# Resolution = VFS/(2**N-1) #\n", + "N = (VFS/Resolution)+1 # \n", + "N = log10(N)/log10(2)#\n", + "print 'the number of bit required to design a 4-bit D/A converter is = %0.2f'%N,' = 9 '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.5 Pg 315" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "for the binary input 101 analog output is = -60.00 V \n", + "for the binary input 111 analog output is = -84.00 V \n", + "for the binary input 011 analog output is = -72.00 V \n", + "for the binary input 001 analog output is = -48.00 V \n", + "for the binary input 100 analog output is = -12.00 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "# determine the analog output voltage\n", + "Vref = 12 # \n", + "BI = 101 # BI = 111 # BI = 011 # BI = 001 # BI = 100 #\n", + "Rf = 40*10**3 #\n", + "R = 0.25*Rf #\n", + "\n", + "# The output voltage of given binary weighted resistor D/A converter is defined as\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -(Rf*Vref/R)*(2**0*b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -(Rf*Vref/R)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the given value Rf,R and Vref the output voltage\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -48*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 101 analog output is\n", + "b2 = 1 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -48*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 101 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 111 analog output is\n", + "b2 = 1 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -48*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 111 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 011 analog output is\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -48*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 011 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 001 analog output is\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -48*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 001 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 100 analog output is\n", + "b2 = 1 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 0 #\n", + "Vo = -48*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 100 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.6 Pg 316" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "for the binary input 1001 analog output is = -67.50 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = 2.70 mA \n", + "for the binary input 1101 analog output is = -82.50 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = 3.30 mA \n", + "for the binary input 1010 analog output is = -37.50 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = 1.50 mA \n", + "for the binary input 0011 analog output is = -90.00 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = 3.60 mA \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "# determine the analog output voltage and feed back current If\n", + "Vref = 12 # \n", + "BI = 1001 # BI = 1101 # BI = 1010 # BI = 0011 #\n", + "Rf = 25 # # K ohm\n", + "R = 0.25*Rf #\n", + "\n", + "# The output voltage of given binary weighted resistor D/A converter is defined as\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -(Rf*Vref/R)*(2**0*b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -(Rf*Vref/R)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the given value Rf,R and Vref the output voltage\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -60*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 1001 analog output is\n", + "b3 = 1 #\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -60*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 1001 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.2f'%If,' mA '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 1101 analog output is\n", + "b3 = 1 #\n", + "b2 = 1 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -60*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 1101 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.2f'%If,' mA '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 1010 analog output is\n", + "b3 = 1 #\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 0 #\n", + "Vo = -60*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 1010 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.2f'%If,' mA '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 0011 analog output is\n", + "b3 = 0 #\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -60*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 0011 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.2f'%If,' mA '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.7 Pg 319" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "for the binary input 001 analog output is = 1.60 mA \n", + "An analog output voltage Vo is = -40.00 V \n", + "for the binary input 010 analog output is = 0.80 mA\n", + "An analog output voltage Vo is = -20.00 V \n", + "for the binary input 110 analog output is = 1.20 mA \n", + "An analog output voltage Vo is = -30.00 V \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "# determine the feed back current If and analog output voltage\n", + "Vref = 8 # # V\n", + "BI = 001 #\n", + "BI = 010 #\n", + "BI = 110 #\n", + "Rf = 25*10**3 # # Hz\n", + "R = 0.2*Rf #\n", + "\n", + "# The output current of given binary weighted resistor D/A converter is defined as\n", + "\n", + "# If = -(Vref/R)*(2**0*b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# If = -(Vref/R)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the given value Rf,R and Vref the output current\n", + "\n", + "# If = -(1.6*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 001 the feedback current If is given by\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "If = (1.6*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 001 analog output is = %0.2f'%(If*1000),' mA '\n", + "\n", + "# An analog output voltage Vo is\n", + "Vo = -If*Rf #\n", + "print 'An analog output voltage Vo is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 010 the feedback current If is given by\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 0 #\n", + "If = (1.6*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 010 analog output is = %0.2f'%(If*1000),' mA'\n", + "\n", + "# the An analog output voltage Vo is\n", + "Vo = -If*Rf #\n", + "print 'An analog output voltage Vo is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 110 the feedback current If is given by\n", + "b2 = 1 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 0 #\n", + "If = (1.6*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 110 analog output is = %0.2f'%(If*1000),' mA '\n", + "\n", + "# the An analog output voltage Vo is\n", + "Vo = -If*Rf #\n", + "print 'An analog output voltage Vo is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.8 Pg 320" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "for the binary input 101 analog output is = 0.625 mA \n", + "An analog output voltage Vo is = -15.625 V \n", + "for the binary input 011 analog output is = 0.75 mA\n", + "An analog output voltage Vo is = -18.750 V \n", + "for the binary input 100 analog output is = 0.125 mA \n", + "An analog output voltage Vo is = -3.12 V \n", + "for the binary input 001 analog output is = 0.5 mA \n", + "An analog output voltage Vo is = -12.50 V \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "# determine the feed back current If and analog output voltage\n", + "Vref = 5 # \n", + "BI = 101 # BI = 011 # BI = 100 # BI = 001 #\n", + "Rf = 25*10**3 # \n", + "R = 0.2*Rf #\n", + "\n", + "# The output current of given R-2R ladder D/A converter is defined as\n", + "\n", + "# If = -(Vref/2*R)*(2**0*b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# If = -(Vref/2*R)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the given value Rf,R and Vref the output current\n", + "\n", + "# If = (0.5*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 101 the feedback current If is given by\n", + "b2 = 1 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "If = (0.5*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 101 analog output is = %0.3f'%(If*1e3),' mA '\n", + "\n", + "# An analog output voltage Vo is\n", + "Vo = -If*Rf #\n", + "print 'An analog output voltage Vo is = %0.3f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 011 the feedback current If is given by\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "If = (0.5*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 011 analog output is = %0.2f'%(If*1e3),' mA'\n", + "\n", + "# the An analog output voltage Vo is\n", + "Vo = -If*Rf #\n", + "print 'An analog output voltage Vo is = %0.3f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 100 the feedback current If is given by\n", + "b2 = 1 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 0 #\n", + "If = (0.5*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 100 analog output is = %0.3f'%(If*1e3),'mA '\n", + "\n", + "# the An analog output voltage Vo is\n", + "Vo = -If*Rf #\n", + "print 'An analog output voltage Vo is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 001 the feedback current If is given by\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "If = (0.5*10**-3)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 001 analog output is = %0.1f'%(If*1e3),' mA '\n", + "\n", + "# the An analog output voltage Vo is\n", + "Vo = -If*Rf #\n", + "print 'An analog output voltage Vo is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.9 Pg 322" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "for the binary input 1001 analog output is = -14.0625 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = 0.28 mA \n", + "for the binary input 1100 analog output is = -4.6875 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = 0.09 mA \n", + "for the binary input 1010 analog output is = -7.8125 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = 0.16 mA \n", + "for the binary input 0011 analog output is = -18.75 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = 0.375 mA \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + " # determine the analog output voltage and feed back current If\n", + "Vref = 10 # \n", + "BI = 1001 # BI = 1100 # BI = 1010 # BI = 0011 #\n", + "Rf = 50 # # K ohm\n", + "R = 0.4*Rf #\n", + "\n", + "# The output voltage of given R-2R ladder D/A converter is defined as\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -(Rf*Vref/2R)*(2**0*b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -(Rf*Vref/2R)*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the given value Rf,R and Vref the output voltage\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -12.5*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 1001 analog output is\n", + "b3 = 1 #\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -12.5*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 1001 analog output is = %0.4f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.2f'%If,' mA '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 1100 analog output is\n", + "b3 = 1 #\n", + "b2 = 1 #\n", + "b1 = 0 #\n", + "b0 = 0 #\n", + "Vo = -12.5*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 1100 analog output is = %0.4f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.2f'%If,' mA '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 1010 analog output is\n", + "b3 = 1 #\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 0 #\n", + "Vo = -12.5*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 1010 analog output is = %0.4f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.2f'%If,' mA '\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# for the binary input 0011 analog output is\n", + "b3 = 0 #\n", + "b2 = 0 #\n", + "b1 = 1 #\n", + "b0 = 1 #\n", + "Vo = -12.5*(b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3) #\n", + "print 'for the binary input 0011 analog output is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.3f'%If,' mA '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.10 Pg 324" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "for the binary input 1000 output voltage is = 18.75 V \n", + "the feedback current If is = -0.469 mA \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + " # determine the analog output voltage and feed back current If\n", + "Vref = 15 # \n", + "BI = 1000 #\n", + "Rf = 40 # # K ohm\n", + "R = 0.4*Rf #\n", + "\n", + "# by using voltage divider rule Vin can be calculated as\n", + "Vin = -(Vref*2*R)/(2*R+2*R) #\n", + " \n", + "# The output voltage of given R-2R ladder D/A converter is defined as\n", + "\n", + "# Vo = -(Rf*Vin/R)\n", + "\n", + "Vo = (Vref*Rf)/(2*R)\n", + "print 'for the binary input 1000 output voltage is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# the feedback current If is given by\n", + "If = -(Vo/Rf) #\n", + "print 'the feedback current If is = %0.3f'%If,' mA '" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.11 Pg 326" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 11, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "For the BI 10101111 output analog voltage is = 6.86 V \n", + "For the BI 11100010 output analog voltage is = 8.8627 V \n", + "For the BI 00101001 output analog voltage is = 1.6078 V \n", + "For the BI 01000110 output analog voltage is = 2.745 V \n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "# to find the resolution and analog output voltage of 8-bit D/A converter\n", + "VFS = 10 #\n", + "N = 8 #\n", + "BI = 10101111 #\n", + "BI = 11100011 # \n", + "BI = 00101001 #\n", + "BI = 01000110\n", + "\n", + "# the resolution of 8-bit D/A converter is defined as\n", + "Resolution = VFS/(2**N-1) #\n", + "\n", + "# An analog output voltage of D/A converter is given by\n", + "# Vo = Resolution*(2**-0*b0+2**-1*b1+....+2**-N*bn-1)\n", + "# Vo = Resolution*(2**-0*b0+2**-1*b1+2**-2*b2+2**-3*b3+2**-4*b4+2**-5*b5+2**-6*b6+2**-7*b7)#\n", + "\n", + "# For the BI 10101111 output analog voltage is\n", + "BI = '10101111'#\n", + "BI = int(BI,2)#\n", + "Vo = Resolution*BI #\n", + "print 'For the BI 10101111 output analog voltage is = %0.2f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# For the BI 11100010 output analog voltage is\n", + "BI = '11100010'#\n", + "BI = int(BI,2)#\n", + "Vo = Resolution*BI #\n", + "print 'For the BI 11100010 output analog voltage is = %0.4f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# For the BI 00101001 output analog voltage is\n", + "BI = '00101001'#\n", + "BI = int(BI,2)#\n", + "Vo = Resolution*BI #\n", + "print 'For the BI 00101001 output analog voltage is = %0.4f'%Vo,' V '\n", + "\n", + "# For the BI 01000110 output analog voltage is\n", + "BI = '01000110'#\n", + "BI = int(BI,2)#\n", + "Vo = Resolution*BI #\n", + "print 'For the BI 01000110 output analog voltage is = %0.3f'%Vo,' V '" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python 2", + "language": "python", + "name": "python2" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.9" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} |