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diff --git a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch1.ipynb b/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 60cbc213..00000000 --- a/Introduction_To_Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics_by_G._Halder/Ch1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,645 +0,0 @@ -{ - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "# Chapter 1 - Introduction and basic concepts" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.1 Page: 4" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 22, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.1 - Page: 4\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Weight of the man on the moon is 260.43 N\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "from __future__ import division\n", - "# Soltion\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.1 - Page: 4\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "g_Earth = 9.83 # [m/square s]\n", - "F_Earth = 800 # [N]\n", - "g_Moon = 3.2 # [m/square s]\n", - "#************#\n", - "\n", - "# From the expression of force, the force on the man on the Eath's surface is given by:\n", - "# F = m*g_Earth\n", - "m = F_Earth/g_Earth # [kg]\n", - "\n", - "# On the moon, the weight of the mass is equal to the force acting on the mass on the moon and is given by\n", - "F_Moon = m*g_Moon # [N]\n", - "\n", - "print \"Weight of the man on the moon is %0.2f N\\n\"%(F_Moon)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.2 Page: 5" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 23, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.2 - Page: 5\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Gravitational force on the body is 16.68 N\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.2 - Page: 5\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "m1 = 1.5 # [mass of the body, kg]\n", - "m2 = 6*10**(24) # [mass of the Earth, kg]\n", - "G = 6.672*10**(-11) # [N.square m/square.kg]\n", - "r = 6000*10**(3) # [m]\n", - "#************#\n", - "\n", - "# According to Newton's universal law of gravity:\n", - "F = G*m1*m2/r**2 # [N]\n", - "print \"Gravitational force on the body is %.2f N\\n\"%(F)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.3 Page: 5" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 24, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.3 - Page: 5\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Mass of 1 kg will weigh 6.92 kg on moon\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.3 - Page: 5\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "r_Moon = 0.3 # [km]\n", - "r_Earth = 1 # [km]\n", - "m2 = 1 # [mass of body, kg]\n", - "mMoon_By_mEarth = 0.013 # [kg/kg]\n", - "#***************#\n", - "\n", - "# According to the Newton's universal law of gravitation:\n", - "Fe_By_Fm = (1/mMoon_By_mEarth)*(r_Moon/r_Earth)**2#\n", - "print \"Mass of 1 kg will weigh %.2f kg on moon\\n\"%(Fe_By_Fm)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.4 Page: 6" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 25, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.4 - Page: 6\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "The absolute pressure is 54.914 kPa\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.4 - Page: 6\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "h = 40 # [cm]\n", - "density = 14.02 # [g/cubic cm]\n", - "g = 9.792 # [m/square s]\n", - "#*************#\n", - "\n", - "P = h*density*g/1000 # [N/square cm]\n", - "P = P*10 # [kPa]\n", - "\n", - "print \"The absolute pressure is %.3f kPa\\n\"%(P)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.5 Page: 7" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 26, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.5 - Page: 7\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "The absolute pressure within the container is 119.299 kPa\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.5 - Page: 7\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "Patm = 112 # [kPa]\n", - "density = 1200 # [kg/cubic m]\n", - "g = 9.81 # [m/sqaure s]\n", - "h = 0.62 # [m]\n", - "#**************#\n", - "\n", - "P = Patm + (density*g*h/1000) # [kPa]\n", - "\n", - "print \"The absolute pressure within the container is %.3f kPa\\n\"%(P)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.6 Page: 9" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 27, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.6 - Page: 9\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Work done by the system is 1500 J\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.6 - Page: 9\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "F = 150 # [N]\n", - "Displacement = 10 # [m]\n", - "#**************#\n", - "\n", - "W = F*Displacement # [J]\n", - "\n", - "print \"Work done by the system is %d J\\n\"%(W)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.7 Page: 9" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 28, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.7 - Page: 9\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Actual Work done by the system is 9.1e+05 J\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.7 - Page: 9\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "P = 560*10**3 # [Pa]\n", - "Vinit = 3 # [cubic m]\n", - "Vfinal = 5 # [cubic m]\n", - "Wext = 210*10**3 # [J]\n", - "#*************#\n", - "\n", - "W = P*(Vfinal - Vinit) # [J]\n", - "# Again the system receives 210 kJ of work from the external agent.\n", - "W = W - Wext # [J]\n", - "\n", - "print \"Actual Work done by the system is %.1e J\\n\"%(W)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.8 Page: 11" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 29, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.8 - Page: 11\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Change in potential Energy is 981 J\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.8 - Page: 11\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "g = 9.81 # [m/square s]\n", - "Z = 100 # [m]\n", - "#***************#\n", - "\n", - "# Basis: 1 kg of water\n", - "m = 1 # [kg]\n", - "Ep = m*g*Z # [J]\n", - "print \"Change in potential Energy is %d J\\n\"%(Ep)" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.9 Page: 11" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 30, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.9 - Page: 11\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "The velocity of the metal block is 15.34 m/s\n", - "\n", - "The final Kinetic Energy is 1765.8 J\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "from __future__ import division\n", - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.9 - Page: 11\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "m = 15# # [kg]\n", - "g = 9.81 # [m/square s]\n", - "V1 = 0 # [m/square s]\n", - "Z1 = 12 # [m]\n", - "Z2 = 0 # [m]\n", - "#***************#\n", - "\n", - "# At initial condition, V1 = 0, so kinetic energy is zero.\n", - "# At final condition, Z2 = 0, so potential energy is zero.\n", - "# Ep1 + Ek1 = Ep2 + Ek2\n", - "#deff('[y] = f(V2)','y = ((1/2)*m*V1**2) + (m*g*Z1) - (((1/2)*m*V2**2) + (m*g*Z2))')#\n", - "def f(V2):\n", - " y = ((1/2)*m*V1**2) + (m*g*Z1) - (((1/2)*m*V2**2) + (m*g*Z2))\n", - " return y\n", - "from scipy.optimize import fsolve\n", - "V2 = fsolve(f,7)#\n", - "\n", - "print \"The velocity of the metal block is %.2f m/s\\n\"%(V2)#\n", - "\n", - "Ek2 = (1/2)*m*V2**2 # [J]\n", - "print \"The final Kinetic Energy is %.1f J\\n\"%(Ek2)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.10 Page: 12" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 31, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.10 - Page: 12\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Power required is 7.64 kW\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "print \"Example: 1.10 - Page: 12\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "m = 1200 # [kg]\n", - "v1 = 10 # [km/h]\n", - "v2 = 100 # [km/h]\n", - "time = 1 # [min]\n", - "#***************#\n", - "\n", - "v1 = 10*1000/3600 # [m/s]\n", - "v2 = 100*1000/3600 # [m/s]\n", - "W = (1/2)*m*(v2**2 - v1**2) # [J]\n", - "time = time*60 # [s]\n", - "P = W/time # [W]\n", - "print \"Power required is %.2f kW\\n\"%(P/1000)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.11 Page: 13" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 32, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.11 - Page: 13\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Total Force eacting upon the gas is 8139.7 N\n", - "\n", - "Pressure exerted is 115.153 kPa\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Work due to expansion by the gas is 4.070 kJ\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "Change in Potential Energy is 489.6 J\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "from math import pi\n", - "print \"Example: 1.11 - Page: 13\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "dia = 0.3 # [m]\n", - "m = 100 # [kg]\n", - "P_atm = 1.013*10**5 # [N/square m]\n", - "g = 9.792 # [m/square s]\n", - "#**************#\n", - "\n", - "Area = (pi/4)*dia**2 # [square m]\n", - "#Solution (a)(i)\n", - "# Force exerted by the atmosphere:\n", - "F_atm = P_atm*Area # [N]\n", - "# Force exerted by piston & metal block:\n", - "F_mass = m*g # [N]\n", - "# Total force acting upon the gas:\n", - "F = F_atm + F_mass # [N]\n", - "print \"Total Force eacting upon the gas is %.1f N\\n\"%(F)#\n", - "\n", - "# Solution (a)(ii)\n", - "Pressure = F/Area # [N/square m]\n", - "print \"Pressure exerted is %.3f kPa\\n\\n\"%(Pressure/1000)#\n", - "\n", - "# Solution (b)\n", - "# The gas expands on application of heat, the volume of the gas goes on increasing and the piston moves upward.\n", - "Z = 0.5 # [m]\n", - "# Work done due to expansion of gas:\n", - "W = F*Z # [J]\n", - "print \"Work due to expansion by the gas is %.3f kJ\\n\\n\"%(W/1000)#\n", - "\n", - "# Solution (c)\n", - "# Change in potential energy of piston and weight after expansion process:\n", - "Ep = m*g*Z # [J]\n", - "print \"Change in Potential Energy is %.1f J\\n\"%(Ep)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.12 Page: 24" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 33, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.12 - Page: 24\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "The temperature which has the same value on both the centigrade and Fahrenheit scales is -40 degree Celsius or -40 degree Fahrenheit\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "print \"Example: 1.12 - Page: 24\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "# The relation is:\n", - "# (C/5) = ((F - 32)/9)\n", - "# For C = F\n", - "C = - (32*5/4)# # [degree Celsius]\n", - "print \"The temperature which has the same value on both the centigrade and Fahrenheit scales is %d degree Celsius or %d degree Fahrenheit\\n\"%(C,C)#" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "## Example: 1.13 Page: 24" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 34, - "metadata": { - "collapsed": false - }, - "outputs": [ - { - "name": "stdout", - "output_type": "stream", - "text": [ - "Example: 1.13 - Page: 24\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "The rise in temperature in the Kelvin scale is 30 K\n", - "\n", - "The rise in temperature in the Rankine scale is 54 R\n", - "\n", - "The rise in temperature in the Fahrenheit scale is 54 OF\n", - "\n" - ] - } - ], - "source": [ - "print \"Example: 1.13 - Page: 24\\n\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "# Solution\n", - "\n", - "#*****Data*****#\n", - "delta_T_C = 30 # [OC]\n", - "#*************#\n", - "\n", - "# The relation between the Kelvin temperature scale and the Celsius temperature scale:\n", - "# T(K) = T(OC) + 273.15\n", - "# Here, the temperature rise is to be expressed in terms of K, but the difference in temperature will be the same in the Kelvin and Celsius scales of temperature:\n", - "delta_T_K = delta_T_C # [K]\n", - "print \"The rise in temperature in the Kelvin scale is %d K\\n\"%(delta_T_K)#\n", - "# The emperical relationship between the Rankine and Kelvin scales is given by:\n", - "delta_T_R = 1.8*delta_T_K # [R]\n", - "print \"The rise in temperature in the Rankine scale is %d R\\n\"%(delta_T_R)#\n", - "delta_T_F = delta_T_R # [OF]\n", - "print \"The rise in temperature in the Fahrenheit scale is %d OF\\n\"%(delta_T_F)#" - ] - } - ], - "metadata": { - "kernelspec": { - "display_name": "Python 2", - "language": "python", - "name": "python2" - }, - "language_info": { - "codemirror_mode": { - "name": "ipython", - "version": 2 - }, - "file_extension": ".py", - "mimetype": "text/x-python", - "name": "python", - "nbconvert_exporter": "python", - "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", - "version": "2.7.9" - } - }, - "nbformat": 4, - "nbformat_minor": 0 -} |