diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Fundamentals_Of_Thermodynamics/Chapter12.ipynb')
| -rwxr-xr-x | Fundamentals_Of_Thermodynamics/Chapter12.ipynb | 486 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 486 deletions
diff --git a/Fundamentals_Of_Thermodynamics/Chapter12.ipynb b/Fundamentals_Of_Thermodynamics/Chapter12.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 75910c56..00000000 --- a/Fundamentals_Of_Thermodynamics/Chapter12.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,486 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:e3e9cb7f43080b67fa2a22d273814843783e7598e3258877edb209ca16f99bdc"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "CHAPTER13:Gas Mixtures"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Ex12.1:Pg-480"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#ques1\n",
- "#Standard brayton cycle\n",
- "\n",
- "#1-Inlet for compressor\n",
- "#2-Exit for compressor\n",
- "#T-Temperature at a state\n",
- "#P-Pressure at a state\n",
- "T1=288.2;#K\n",
- "P2=1000.0;#kPa\n",
- "P1=100.0;#kPa\n",
- "k=1.4;\n",
- "T2=T1*(P2/P1)**(1.0-1/k);#K\n",
- "Cp=1.004;#Specific heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
- "wc=Cp*(T2-T1);#compressor work in kJ/kg;\n",
- "print\" Temperature T2 =\",round(T2,2),\"K\"\n",
- "print\" Compressor work =\",round(wc,1),\"kJ/kg\"\n",
- "#3-Turbine Inlet\n",
- "#4-Turbine Exit\n",
- "P4=P1;\n",
- "P3=P2;\n",
- "T3=1373.2;#K\n",
- "T4=T3*(P4/P3)**(1-1/k);#K\n",
- "wt=Cp*(T3-T4);\n",
- "wnet=wt-wc;\n",
- "print\" Temperature T3 =\",round(T3,2),\" K\"\n",
- "print\" Temperature T4 =\",round(T4),\"K\"\n",
- "print\" Turbine work =\",round(wt,2),\"kJ/kg\"\n",
- "print\" Net work =\",round(wt-wc,2),\"kJ/kg\"\n",
- "#2-Also high temperature heat exchanger Inlet\n",
- "#3-(-do-) Exit\n",
- "qh=Cp*(T3-T2);#Heat of source in kJ/kg\n",
- "#4-high temp heat exchanger inlet\n",
- "#1-(-do-) Exit\n",
- "ql=Cp*(T4-T1);#Heat of sink in kJ/kg\n",
- "nth=wnet/qh;\n",
- "print\" Thermal Efficiency of cycle =\",round(nth*100,2),\"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " Temperature T2 = 556.43 K\n",
- " Compressor work = 269.3 kJ/kg\n",
- " Temperature T3 = 1373.2 K\n",
- " Temperature T4 = 711.0 K\n",
- " Turbine work = 664.6 kJ/kg\n",
- " Net work = 395.3 kJ/kg\n",
- " Thermal Efficiency of cycle = 48.21 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 6
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Ex12.2:Pg-481"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Calculation mistake in book\n",
- "#ques2\n",
- "#Standard brayton cycle\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation mistake in book\n",
- "#1-Inlet for compressor\n",
- "#2-Exit for compressor\n",
- "#T-Temperature at a state\n",
- "#P-Pressure at a state\n",
- "T1=288.2;#K\n",
- "P2=1000.0;#kPa\n",
- "P1=100.0;#kPa\n",
- "k=1.4;\n",
- "T2s=T1*(P2/P1)**(1-1/k);#K\n",
- "nc=.80;#Compressor Efficiency\n",
- "T2=T1+(T2s-T1)/0.80;\n",
- "Cp=1.004;#Specific heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
- "wc=Cp*(T2-T1);#compressor work in kJ/kg\n",
- "wc=round(wc)\n",
- "print\" Temperature T2 =\",round(T2,2),\"K\"\n",
- "print\" Compressor work =\",(wc),\"kJ/kg\"\n",
- "#3-Turbine Inlet\n",
- "#4-Turbine Exit\n",
- "P4=P1;\n",
- "P3=P2;\n",
- "T3=1373.2;#K\n",
- "T4s=T3*(P4/P3)**(1-1.0/k);#K\n",
- "nt=0.85;#turbine Efficiency\n",
- "T4=T3-(T3-T4s)*0.85;\n",
- "wt=Cp*(T3-T4);\n",
- "wnet=wt-wc;\n",
- "print\" Temperature T3 =\",round(T3,1),\"K\"\n",
- "print\" Temperature T4 =\",round(T4,1),\"K\"\n",
- "print\" Turbine work =\",round(wt,2),\"kJ/kg\"\n",
- "print\" Net work =\",round(wt-wc,2),\"kJ/kg\"\n",
- "#2-Also high temperature heat exchanger Inlet\n",
- "#3-(-do-) Exit\n",
- "qh=Cp*(T3-T2);#Heat of source in kJ/kg\n",
- "#4-high temp heat exchanger inlet\n",
- "#1-(-do-) Exit\n",
- "ql=Cp*(T4-T1);#Heat of sink in kJ/kg\n",
- "nth=wnet/qh;\n",
- "print\" Thermal Efficiency of cycle =\",round(nth*100),\"percent\"\n",
- "#some answers are have acceptable difference beacause of approximization in book but here calculations are precise"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " Temperature T2 = 623.48 K\n",
- " Compressor work = 337.0 kJ/kg\n",
- " Temperature T3 = 1373.2 K\n",
- " Temperature T4 = 810.5 K\n",
- " Turbine work = 564.91 kJ/kg\n",
- " Net work = 227.91 kJ/kg\n",
- " Thermal Efficiency of cycle = 30.0 percent\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 22
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Ex12.3:Pg-486"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#ques3\n",
- "#efficiency of the cycle\n",
- "\n",
- "wnet=395.2;#kJ/kg from example no 1\n",
- "#Tx=T4\n",
- "Tx=710.8;#K from example no 1\n",
- "T3=1373.2;#K from example no 1\n",
- "Cp=1.004;#specific heat in kJ/kg \n",
- "qh=Cp*(T3-Tx);\n",
- "nth=wnet/qh;\n",
- "print\" Thermal efficiency =\",round(nth*100,1),\" percent\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " Thermal efficiency = 59.4 percent\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 24
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Ex12.4:Pg-486"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#ques4\n",
- "#Calculation of work in the given cycle\n",
- "import math\n",
- "R=0.287;#gas constant \n",
- "T1=288.2;#compressor temperature K\n",
- "T2=1373.2;#K turbine temperature K\n",
- "#Pe/Pi=c=10, Pi/Pe=1/c from example 12.1\n",
- "c=10.0;\n",
- "wc=-R*T1*math.log(c);\n",
- "print\" Isothermal work in compressor =\",round(wc,1),\"kJ/kg\"\n",
- "wt=-R*T2*math.log(1/c);\n",
- "print\" Isothermal work in turbine =\",round(wt,1),\"kJ/kg\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " Isothermal work in compressor = -190.5 kJ/kg\n",
- " Isothermal work in turbine = 907.5 kJ/kg\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 26
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Ex12.5:Pg-491"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#ques5\n",
- "#air standard cycle for jet repulsion\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#1-compressor inlet\n",
- "#2-Compressor exit\n",
- "#P-Pressure at given point\n",
- "#T-Temperature at given point\n",
- "P1=100;#kPa\n",
- "P2=1000;#kPa\n",
- "T1=288.2;#K\n",
- "T2=556.8;#K\n",
- "wc=269.5;#from ex 12.1 work done in compressor in kJ/kg\n",
- "#2-Burner inlet\n",
- "#3-Burner exit\n",
- "P3=1000;#kPa\n",
- "T3=1373.2;#K\n",
- "#wc=wt\n",
- "Cp=1.004;#specific enthalpy of heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
- "k=1.4;\n",
- "T4=T3-wc/Cp;\n",
- "P4=P3*(T4/T3)**(1-1/k);\n",
- "#from s4=s5 and h4=h5+v2/2 we get\n",
- "T5=710.8#K, from second law\n",
- "v=math.sqrt(2*Cp*1000*(T4-T5));#m/s\n",
- "print\" Velocity of air leaving the nozel =\",round(v),\"m/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " Velocity of air leaving the nozel = 889.0 m/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 28
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Ex12.6:Pg-494"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#ques6\n",
- "#air standard refrigeration cycle\n",
- "\n",
- "#1-compressor inlet\n",
- "#2-compressor exit\n",
- "P1=100;#kPa\n",
- "P2=500;#kPa\n",
- "k=1.4;\n",
- "rp=P2/P1;\n",
- "cop=(rp**(1-1/k)-1)**-1;\n",
- "print\" Coefficient of performance =\",round(cop,2)\n",
- "#3-Expander inlet\n",
- "#4-Expander exit\n",
- "P3=P2;\n",
- "P4=P1;\n",
- "T3=288.23;#K, given and fixed\n",
- "T4=T3/(P3/P4)**(1-1/k);\n",
- "T1=253.2;#K, given\n",
- "Cp=1.004;#Specific heat at cons pressure in kJ/kg\n",
- "ql=Cp*(T1-T4);#heat released in kJ/kg\n",
- "P=1#power required in kW \n",
- "ms=P/ql;#kg/s\n",
- "print\" Rate at which the air enter the compressor =\",round(ms,3),\"kg/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " Coefficient of performance = 1.71\n",
- " Rate at which the air enter the compressor = 0.014 kg/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 36
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Ex12.7:Pg-498"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#ques7\n",
- "#the otto cycle\n",
- "\n",
- "#1-compressor inlet\n",
- "#2-compressor exit\n",
- "P1=100.0;#kPa\n",
- "T1=288.2;#K\n",
- "R=0.287;#gas constant\n",
- "v1=R*T1/P1;#specific volume at inlet in m^3/kg\n",
- "rv=10.0;#compression ratio given\n",
- "k=1.4;#constant\n",
- "T2=T1*rv**(k-1);#K\n",
- "print\" Temperature at compressor exit, T2 =\",round(T2,1),\"K\"\n",
- "P2=P1*rv**k;#kPa\n",
- "print\" Pressure at compressor exit, P2 =\",round(P2/1000,2),\"MPa\"\n",
- "v2=v1/rv;#specific heat at exit in m^3/kg\n",
- "#23-heat addition process\n",
- "#q23=Cv*(T3-T2)=1800 kJ/kg given\n",
- "q23=1800.0;#kJ/kg heat addition, given\n",
- "Cv=0.717;#specific heat at constant volume in kJ/kg\n",
- "T3=T2+q23/Cv;#K\n",
- "print\" Initial Temperature during heat additon process, T3 =\",round(T3,2),\"K\"\n",
- "P3=P2*(T3/T2);#kPa\n",
- "print\" Initial pressure during heat addition process, P3 =\",round(P3/1000,3),\"MPa\"\n",
- "r=10.0;#k=V4/V3=P3/P4\n",
- "T4=T3*(1/r)**(k-1);\n",
- "print\" Final temperature during heat addition process, T4 =\",round(T4,3),\"K\";\n",
- "P4=P3/r**k;#kPa\n",
- "print\" Final pressure during heat addition process, P4 =\",round(P4/1000,4),\"MPa\"\n",
- "nth=1-1/r**(k-1);#thermal efficiency\n",
- "print\" Thermal efficiency =\",round(nth*100,1),\" percent\"\n",
- "q41=Cv*(T1-T4);#/heat for process 4-1 in kJ/kg\n",
- "wnet=q23+q41;\n",
- "mep=wnet/(v1-v2);#effective mean pressure n kPa\n",
- "print\" Mean effective pressure =\",round(mep,2),\"kPa\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " Temperature at compressor exit, T2 = 723.9 K\n",
- " Pressure at compressor exit, P2 = 2.51 MPa\n",
- " Initial Temperature during heat additon process, T3 = 3234.39 K\n",
- " Initial pressure during heat addition process, P3 = 11.223 MPa\n",
- " Final temperature during heat addition process, T4 = 1287.632 K\n",
- " Final pressure during heat addition process, P4 = 0.4468 MPa\n",
- " Thermal efficiency = 60.2 percent\n",
- " Mean effective pressure = 1455.37 kPa\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 42
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Ex12.8:Pg-501"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#ques8\n",
- "#the diesel cycle\n",
- "\n",
- "#1-compressor inlet\n",
- "#2-compressor exit\n",
- "P1=100;#kPa\n",
- "T1=288.2;#K\n",
- "R=0.287;#gas constant\n",
- "v1=R*T1/P1;#specific volume at inlet in m^3/kg\n",
- "rv=20;#compression ratio given\n",
- "k=1.4;#constant\n",
- "T2=T1*rv**(k-1);#K\n",
- "print\" Temperature at compressor exit, T2 =\",round(T2,1),\"K\"\n",
- "P2=P1*rv**k;#kPa\n",
- "print\" Pressure at compressor exit, P2 =\",round(P2/1000,3),\" MPa\"\n",
- "v2=v1/rv;#specific heat at exit in m^3/kg\n",
- "#23-heat addition process\n",
- "#q23=Cv*(T3-T2)=1800 kJ/kg given\n",
- "q23=1800;#kJ/kg heat addition, given\n",
- "Cv=.717;\n",
- "Cp=1.004;#specific heat at constant pressure in kJ/kg\n",
- "T3=T2+q23/Cp;#K\n",
- "print\" Initial Temperature during heat addition process, T3 =\",round(T3,2),\"K\"\n",
- "r=T3/T2;#T3/T2=V3/V2=r\n",
- "v3=r*v2;\n",
- "T4=T3/(v1/v3)**(k-1);\n",
- "print\" Final temperature during heat addition process, T4 =\",round(T4),\"K\"\n",
- "q41=Cv*(T1-T4);#/heat for process 4-1 in kJ/kg\n",
- "wnet=q23+q41;\n",
- "mep=wnet/(v1-v2);#effective mean pressure in kPa\n",
- "qh=1800;#heat transfer in kJ/kg\n",
- "nth=wnet/qh;#thermal efficiency\n",
- "\n",
- "print\" Thermal efficiency =\",round(nth*100,1),\"percent\"\n",
- "print\" Mean effective pressure =\",round(mep,2),\"kPa\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " Temperature at compressor exit, T2 = 955.2 K\n",
- " Pressure at compressor exit, P2 = 6.629 MPa\n",
- " Initial Temperature during heat addition process, T3 = 2748.05 K\n",
- " Final temperature during heat addition process, T4 = 1265.0 K\n",
- " Thermal efficiency = 61.1 percent\n",
- " Mean effective pressure = 1399.18 kPa\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 47
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": []
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file |