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-{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:ac94f65c54c89da6d7a90bae31a6309586e55713ceeeb8cf1cb6a41246a395ce"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "CHAPTER18:LAMINAR BOUNDARY LAYERS"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example E01 : Pg 595"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# All the quantities are expressed in SI units\n",
- "import math \n",
- "from math import sqrt\n",
- "p_inf = 101000.; # freestream pressure\n",
- "T_inf = 288.; # freestream temperature\n",
- "c = 2.; # chord length of the plate\n",
- "S = 40.; # planform area of the plate\n",
- "mue_inf=1.7894*10.**5.; # coefficient of viscosity at sea level\n",
- "gam=1.4; # ratio of specific heats\n",
- "R=287.; # specific gas constant\n",
- "# the freestream density is\n",
- "rho_inf = p_inf/R/T_inf;\n",
- "# the speed of sound is\n",
- "a_inf = sqrt(gam*R*T_inf);\n",
- "# (a)\n",
- "V_inf = 100.;\n",
- "# thus the mach number can be calculated as\n",
- "M_inf = V_inf/a_inf;\n",
- "# the Reynolds number at the trailing is given as\n",
- "Re_c = rho_inf*V_inf*c/mue_inf;\n",
- "# from eq.(18.22)\n",
- "Cf = 1.328/sqrt(Re_c);\n",
- "# the friction drag on one surface of the plate is given by\n",
- "D_f = 1./2.*rho_inf*V_inf**2.*S*Cf;\n",
- "# the total drag generated due to both surfaces is\n",
- "D = 2.*D_f;\n",
- "print\"The total frictional drag is:(a)D =\",D,\"N\"\n",
- "# (b)\n",
- "V_inf = 1000.;\n",
- "# thus the mach number can be calculated as\n",
- "M_inf = V_inf/a_inf;\n",
- "# the Reynolds number at the trailing is given as\n",
- "Re_c = rho_inf*V_inf*c/mue_inf;\n",
- "# from eq.(18.22)\n",
- "Cf = 1.2/sqrt(Re_c);\n",
- "# the friction drag on one surface of the plate is given by\n",
- "D_f = 1./2.*rho_inf*V_inf**2.*S*Cf;\n",
- "# the total drag generated due to both surfaces is\n",
- "D = 2.*D_f;\n",
- "print\"(b) D =\",D,\"N\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The total frictional drag is:(a)D = 17563872.6566 N\n",
- "(b) D = 501884115.614 N\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example E02 : Pg 596"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# All the quantities are expressed in SI units\n",
- "import math \n",
- "from math import sqrt\n",
- "Pr = 0.71; # Prandlt number of air at standard conditions\n",
- "Pr_star = Pr;\n",
- "Te = 288.; # temperature of the upper plate\n",
- "ue = 1000.; # velocity of the upper plate\n",
- "Me = 2.94; # Mach number of flow on the upper plate\n",
- "p_star = 101000.;\n",
- "R = 287.; # specific gas constant\n",
- "T0 = 288.; # reference temperature at sea level\n",
- "mue0 = 1.7894*10**-5; # reference viscosity at sea level\n",
- "c = 2.; # chord length of the plate\n",
- "S = 40.; # plate planform area\n",
- "\n",
- "# recovery factor for a boundary layer is given by eq.(18.47) as\n",
- "r = sqrt(Pr);\n",
- "\n",
- "# rearranging eq.(16.49), we get for M = 2.94\n",
- "T_aw = Te*(1+r*(2.74-1));\n",
- "\n",
- "# from eq.(18.53)\n",
- "T_star = Te*(1 + 0.032*Me**2. + 0.58*(T_aw/Te-1.));\n",
- "\n",
- "# from the equation of state\n",
- "rho_star = p_star/R/T_star;\n",
- "\n",
- "# from eq.(15.3)\n",
- "mue_star = mue0*(T_star/T0)**1.5*(T0+110.)/(T_star+110.);\n",
- "\n",
- "# thus\n",
- "Re_c_star = rho_star*ue*c/mue_star;\n",
- "\n",
- "# from eq.(18.22)\n",
- "Cf_star = 1.328/sqrt(Re_c_star);\n",
- "\n",
- "# hence, the frictional drag on one surface of the plate is\n",
- "D_f = 1./2.*rho_star*ue**2.*S*Cf_star;\n",
- "\n",
- "# thus, the total frictional drag is given by\n",
- "D = 2.*D_f;\n",
- "\n",
- "print\"The total frictional drag is: D =\",D,\"N\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The total frictional drag is: D = 4978.09594496 N\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example E03 : Pg 600"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# All the quantities are expressed in SI units\n",
- "import math \n",
- "from math import sqrt\n",
- "Pr = 0.71; # Prandlt number of air at standard conditions\n",
- "Pr_star = Pr;\n",
- "Te = 288.; # temperature of the upper plate\n",
- "ue = 1000.; # velocity of the upper plate\n",
- "Me = 2.94; # Mach number of flow on the upper plate\n",
- "p_star = 101000.;\n",
- "R = 287.; # specific gas constant\n",
- "gam = 1.4; # ratio of specific heats\n",
- "T0 = 288.; # reference temperature at sea level\n",
- "mue0 = 1.7894*10**-5; # reference viscosity at sea level\n",
- "c = 2.; # chord length of the plate\n",
- "S = 40.; # plate planform area\n",
- "\n",
- "# recovery factor for a boundary layer is given by eq.(18.47) as\n",
- "r = sqrt(Pr);\n",
- "\n",
- "# from ex.(8.2)\n",
- "T_aw = Te*2.467;\n",
- "T_w = T_aw;\n",
- "\n",
- "# from the Meador-Smart equation\n",
- "T_star = Te*(0.45 + 0.55*T_w/Te + 0.16*r*(gam-1)/2*Me**2.);\n",
- "\n",
- "# from the equation of state\n",
- "rho_star = p_star/R/T_star;\n",
- "\n",
- "# from eq.(15.3)\n",
- "mue_star = mue0*(T_star/T0)**1.5*(T0+110)/(T_star+110.);\n",
- "\n",
- "# thus\n",
- "Re_c_star = rho_star*ue*c/mue_star;\n",
- "\n",
- "# from eq.(18.22)\n",
- "Cf_star = 1.328/sqrt(Re_c_star);\n",
- "\n",
- "# hence, the frictional drag on one surface of the plate is\n",
- "D_f = 1./2.*rho_star*ue**2.*S*Cf_star;\n",
- "\n",
- "# thus, the total frictional drag is given by\n",
- "D = 2.*D_f;\n",
- "\n",
- "print\"The total frictional drag is: D =\",D,\"N\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The total frictional drag is: D = 5014.11379241 N\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-} \ No newline at end of file