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diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_by_Rajendran/Chapter16.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics_by_Rajendran/Chapter16.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..fd70504a --- /dev/null +++ b/Engineering_Physics_by_Rajendran/Chapter16.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,213 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:0a8e4e4ffe1102aa0e8d709fa097c42aa3e09b9945c321059b30f1ddc8f4e107"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "16: Electron theory of solids"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 16.1, Page number 10"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "sigma=5.87*10**7; #electrical conductivity of Cu(per ohm m)\n",
+ "K=390; #thermal conductivity(W/mK)\n",
+ "T=20+273; #temperature(K)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "L=K/(sigma*T); #Lorentz number(W ohm/K**2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"Lorentz number is\",round(L*10**8,4),\"*10**-8 W ohm/K**2\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Lorentz number is 2.2676 *10**-8 W ohm/K**2\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 16.2, Page number 11"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "tow_r=10**-14; #relaxation time(s)\n",
+ "T=300; #temperature(K)\n",
+ "kB=1.38*10**-23; #boltzmann constant\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge of electron(c)\n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
+ "n=6*10**28; #electron concentration(per m**3)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\t\n",
+ "sigma=n*e**2*tow_r/m; #electrical conductivity(per ohm m)\n",
+ "K=n*math.pi**2*kB**2*T*tow_r/(3*m); #thermal conductivity(W/mK)\n",
+ "L=K/(sigma*T); #Lorentz number(W ohm/K**2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"electrical conductivity is\",round(sigma/10**7,4),\"*10**7 per ohm m\"\n",
+ "print \"thermal conductivity is\",round(K,4),\"W/mK\"\n",
+ "print \"Lorentz number is\",round(L*10**8,4),\"*10**-8 W ohm/K**2\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "electrical conductivity is 1.6879 *10**7 per ohm m\n",
+ "thermal conductivity is 123.9275 W/mK\n",
+ "Lorentz number is 2.4474 *10**-8 W ohm/K**2\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 16.3, Page number 11"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "tow_r=10**-14; #relaxation time(s)\n",
+ "rho=8900; #density of Cu(kg/m**3)\n",
+ "aw=63.5; #atomic weight of Cu\n",
+ "N=6.022*10**23; #avagadro constant\n",
+ "f=1*10**3; #number of free electrons per atom\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge of electron(c)\n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\t\n",
+ "n=N*rho*f/aw; #electron concentration(per m**3)\n",
+ "sigma=n*e**2*tow_r/m; #electrical conductivity(per ohm m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"electrical conductivity is\",round(sigma/10**7,3),\"*10**7 per ohm m\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "electrical conductivity is 2.374 *10**7 per ohm m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 16.4, Page number 12"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "rho=1.54*10**-8; #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
+ "EF=5.5; #fermi energy(eV)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge of electron(c)\n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
+ "E=100;\n",
+ "n=5.8*10**28; #electron concentration(per m**3)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\t\n",
+ "tow_r=m/(rho*n*e**2); #relaxation time(s)\n",
+ "mew=e*tow_r/m; #mobility of electrons(m**2/Vs)\n",
+ "v=e*tow_r*E/m; #drift velocity(m/s)\n",
+ "EF=EF*e; #fermi energy(J)\n",
+ "vF=math.sqrt(2*EF/m); #fermi velocity(m/s)\n",
+ "lamda=vF*tow_r; #mean free path(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"relaxation time is\",round(tow_r*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 s\"\n",
+ "print \"mobility of electrons is\",round(mew*10**3,3),\"*10**-3 m**2/Vs\"\n",
+ "print \"drift velocity is\",round(v,4),\"m/s\"\n",
+ "print \"fermi velocity is\",round(vF/10**6,2),\"*10**6 m/s\"\n",
+ "print \"mean free path is\",round(lamda*10**8,2),\"*10**-8 m\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "relaxation time is 3.98 *10**-14 s\n",
+ "mobility of electrons is 6.997 *10**-3 m**2/Vs\n",
+ "drift velocity is 0.6997 m/s\n",
+ "fermi velocity is 1.39 *10**6 m/s\n",
+ "mean free path is 5.53 *10**-8 m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
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