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diff --git a/Engineering_Physics/chapter6.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics/chapter6.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..26000b31 --- /dev/null +++ b/Engineering_Physics/chapter6.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,230 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:7bd6880823e892a54fce1336eeffd037b53706d16df72c924dbe7c27da815476"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter6:FIBER OPTICS AND HOLOGRAPHY"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.1:pg-189"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "#to calculate critical angle for core-cladding interface\n",
+ "n1=1.5\n",
+ "n2=1.45\n",
+ "thetac=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
+ "theta1=90-thetac\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"critical angle for core-cladding interface is theta1=\",round(theta1),\"degree\"\n",
+ "#to calculate acceptance angle in air for fibre and corresponding angle of obliquences\n",
+ "na=1\n",
+ "thetaa=math.degrees(math.asin(n1*0.26/na))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"acceptance angle thetaa=\",round(thetaa),\"degree\"\n",
+ "#to calculate numerical aperture\n",
+ "NA=((n1+n2)*(n1-n2))**(1/2.0)\n",
+ "print \"numerical aperture of fibre is NA=\",round(NA,4),\"unitless\"\n",
+ "#to calculate % of light\n",
+ "per=(NA)**2*100\n",
+ "print \"light collected is per=\",round(per,2),\"%\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "critical angle for core-cladding interface is theta1= 15.0 degree\n",
+ "acceptance angle thetaa= 23.0 degree\n",
+ "numerical aperture of fibre is NA= 0.3841 unitless\n",
+ "light collected is per= 14.75 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.2:pg-190"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "#to calculate numerical aperture\n",
+ "Del=0.02 #relative refractive index difference between the core and the cladding of the fibre i.e. del=(n1-n2)/n1\n",
+ "n1=1.46 #refractive index of core of W-step index fibre \n",
+ "n2=n1-Del*n1\n",
+ "NA=((n1+n2)*(n1-n2))**(1/2.0)\n",
+ "print \"numerical aperture is NA=\",round(NA,2),\"unitless\"\n",
+ "#to calculate critical angle at the core cladding interface within the fibre\n",
+ "thetac=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1))\n",
+ "print \"thetac=\",int(thetac),\"degree\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "numerical aperture is NA= 0.29 unitless\n",
+ "thetac= 78 degree\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.3:pg-190"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "#to calculate refractive index of the cladding\n",
+ "a=35.0*10**-6 #core diameter in micrometre\n",
+ "#formula is del=(n1-n2)/n1\n",
+ "#we get\n",
+ "Del=1.5/100 \n",
+ "n1=1.46 #refractive index of the fibre \n",
+ "lamda=0.85*10**-6 #wavelength in micrometer\n",
+ "n2=n1-Del*n1\n",
+ "print \"refractive index is n2=\",round(n2,3),\"unitless\"\n",
+ "#to calculate normalised frequency V number of the fibre\n",
+ "V=round((2*math.pi*a*n1*0.173)/lamda,1)\n",
+ "print \"normalised frequency V number of the fibre is V=\",V,\"unitless\"\n",
+ "#to calculate total number of guided modes in the fibre\n",
+ "M=(V**2)/2.0\n",
+ "print \"total number of guided modes in the fibre is M=\",int(M),\"modes\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "refractive index is n2= 1.438 unitless\n",
+ "normalised frequency V number of the fibre is V= 65.3 unitless\n",
+ "total number of guided modes in the fibre is M= 2132 modes\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.4:pg-191"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "#to calculate cut-off wavelength of the fibre\n",
+ "#(2*del)**(1/2)=(2*(n1-n2)/n1)**(1/2)=(0.005)**(1/2)=0.071\n",
+ "a=5*10**-6 #radius in micrometre\n",
+ "n1=1.46 #core refractive index in micrometre\n",
+ "Vc=2.405 #cut-off value of V parametre for single mode operation\n",
+ "#formula is LAMBDAc=(2*math.pi*a*n1*(2*del)**(1/2))/Vc \n",
+ "lamdac=(2*math.pi*a*n1*0.071)/Vc\n",
+ "print \"cut-off wavelength is LAMBDAc=\",round(lamdac/1e-6,2),\"micrometre\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# answer is slightly different due to approximation in book\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "cut-off wavelength is LAMBDAc= 1.35 micrometre\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.5:pg-191"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "#to calculate maximum and minimum value of phase constant\n",
+ "lamda=0.8*10**-6 #wavelength in micrometre\n",
+ "n1=1.6*10**-6 \n",
+ " #refractive indices in micrometre\n",
+ "n2=1.44*10**-6\n",
+ "maximum=(2*math.pi*n1)/lamda\n",
+ "minimum=(2*math.pi*n2)/lamda\n",
+ "print \"maximum value of phase constant is maximum=\",round(maximum,3),\"radian/micrometre\"\n",
+ "print \"minimum value of phase constant is minimum=\",round(minimum,2),\"radian/micrometre\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "maximum value of phase constant is maximum= 12.566 radian/micrometre\n",
+ "minimum value of phase constant is minimum= 11.31 radian/micrometre\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
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