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diff --git a/Engineering_Physics/Chapter_3.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics/Chapter_3.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..1e5fdb51 --- /dev/null +++ b/Engineering_Physics/Chapter_3.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,996 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 3: Polarisation" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.1, Page 3.23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, atan\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "mu = 1.5 # refractive index of glass\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "Ip = atan(mu) * (180 / pi) # by brewster's law\n", + "r = 90 - Ip # calculation for angle of refraction\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Brewster angle = %.f degree\\nAngle of refraction = %.f degree\"%(Ip,r)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Brewster angle = 56 degree\n", + "Angle of refraction = 34 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.2, Page 3.24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, atan\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "mu = 1.33 # refractive index of glass\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "Ip = atan(mu) * (180 / pi) # by Brewster's law\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Angle of brewster = %.2f degree\"%Ip" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Angle of brewster = 53.06 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.3, Page 3.24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, atan\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "mu_w = 1.33 # refractive index of water\n", + "mu_g = 1.54 # refractive index of glass\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "Ip_1 = atan(mu_g / mu_w) * (180 / pi)#calculation for polarizing angle for water\n", + "Ip_2 = atan(mu_w / mu_g) * (180 / pi) # calculation for polarizing angle for glass\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Polarizing angle for water to glass = %.2f degree,\\n Polarizing angle for glass to water = %.2f degree\"%(Ip_1,Ip_2)\n", + "print \"So polarizing angle is greater for a beam incident from water to glass\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Polarizing angle for water to glass = 49.18 degree,\n", + " Polarizing angle for glass to water = 40.82 degree\n", + "So polarizing angle is greater for a beam incident from water to glass\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.4, Page 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, asin, tan, sin\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "Ip = pi / 3 # polarizing angle of piece of glass for green light in radian\n", + "a = pi / 3 # angle of prism in radian \n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "mu = tan(Ip) # calculation for refractive index\n", + "delta_m = 2 * (asin(mu * sin(a / 2)) - (a / 2)) * (180 / pi) # calculation for angle of minimum deviation\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Angle of minimum deviation = %.f degree\"%delta_m" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Angle of minimum deviation = 60 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 47 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.5, Page 3.25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, atan\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "mu_w = 1.33 # refractive index of water\n", + "mu_g = 1.5 # refractive index of glass\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "Ip = atan(mu_g / mu_w) * (180 / pi) # calculation for Brewster angle\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Brewster angle = %.1f degree\"%Ip\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Brewster angle = 48.4 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.6, Page 3.25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, atan\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "mu = 1.732 # refractive index of glass\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "Ip = atan(mu) * (180 / pi) # by Brewster's law\n", + "r = 90 - Ip# calculation for angle of refraction\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Angle of incidence = %.f degree\\nAngle of refraction = %.f degree\"%(Ip,r)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Angle of incidence = 60 degree\n", + "Angle of refraction = 30 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.7, Page 3.25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, cos\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "alpha = pi / 3 # angle between polarizer and analyzer\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "r = (cos(alpha))**2 # where r = transmitted intensity / incident intensity\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Ratio between transmitted intensity to incident intensity = %.2f \"%r" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Ratio between transmitted intensity to incident intensity = 0.25 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.8, Page 3.25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import sqrt,acos,degrees\n", + "\n", + "#Given \n", + "r1 = 1./3 #ratio of intensity of transmitted light to the intensity of transmitted beam in first case\n", + "r2 = 1./3 #ratio of intensity of transmitted light to the intensity of incident beam in second case\n", + "p = 50 #percentage reduction in intensity of unpolarized light by the sheet \n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "theta1 = degrees(acos(sqrt(r1))) #calculation for the angle between characteristics directions of the sheet in first case\n", + "theta2 = degrees(acos(sqrt(2*r2))) #calculation for the angle between characteristics directions of the sheet in second case\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"The angle between characteristics directions of the sheet in 1st case = %.2f degrees.\"%(theta1)\n", + "print \"The angle between characteristics directions of the sheet in 2nd case = %.2f degrees.\"%(theta2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The angle between characteristics directions of the sheet in 1st case = 54.74 degrees.\n", + "The angle between characteristics directions of the sheet in 2nd case = 35.26 degrees.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.9, Page 3.26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import acos, sqrt, pi\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "r = 3. / 4 # ratio of intensity of transmitted light to the intensity of incident light\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "theta = acos(sqrt(r)) * (180 / pi) # calculation for angle between the nicol prisms\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Angle between the nicol prisms = %.f degree\"%theta" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Angle between the nicol prisms = 30 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 45 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.10, Page 3.26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, cos\n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "theta1 = pi / 6 # angle between Nicole prisms in first case in radian\n", + "theta2 = pi / 4 # angle between Nicole prisms in second case in radian\n", + "theta3 = pi / 3 # angle between Nicole prisms in third case in radian\n", + "theta4 = pi / 2 # angle between Nicole prisms in fourth case in radian\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "I1 = (1 - (cos(theta1))**2) * 100\n", + "I2 = (1 - (cos(theta2))**2) * 100\n", + "I3 = (1 - (cos(theta3))**2) * 100\n", + "I4 = (1 - (cos(theta4))**2) * 100\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Percentage reduction in intensity of light-\\n(i)%.f %%\\n(ii)%.f %%\\n(iii)%.f %%\\n(iv)%.f %%\"%(I1,I2,I3,I4)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage reduction in intensity of light-\n", + "(i)25 %\n", + "(ii)50 %\n", + "(iii)75 %\n", + "(iv)100 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.11, Page 3.27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import pi, acos, sqrt \n", + "\n", + "# Given \n", + "i1 = 1. / 2 # reduced intensity ratio in first case\n", + "i2 = 1. / 4 # reduced intensity ratio in second case\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "theta1 = acos(sqrt(i1)) * (180 / pi)# calculation for angle between nicols in first case \n", + "theta2 = acos(sqrt(i2)) * (180 / pi)# calculation for angle between nicols in second case\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Angle between the Nicols in first case = %.f degree\\nAnd in second case = %.f degree\"%(theta1,theta2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Angle between the Nicols in first case = 45 degree\n", + "And in second case = 60 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 44 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.12, Page 3.27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "l = 5e-7 # wavelength of light in meter\n", + "mu_e = 1.553 # refractive index for extraordinary light\n", + "mu_o = 1.544 # refractive index for ordinary light\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "t = l / (2 * (mu_e - mu_o)) # calculation for thickness of half-wave plate of quartz\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Thickness of half-wave plate of quartz = %.2e meter\"%t" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thickness of half-wave plate of quartz = 2.78e-05 meter\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 20 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.13, Page 3.27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "l = 5.893e-7 # wavelength of light in meter\n", + "mu_e = 1.533 # refractive index for extraordinary light\n", + "mu_o = 1.554 # refractive index for ordinary light\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "t = l / (4 * (mu_o - mu_e)) # calculation for thickness of quartz plate\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Thickness of quartz plate = %.2e meter\"%t" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thickness of quartz plate = 7.02e-06 meter\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.14, Page 3.28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "l = 5.89e-7 # wavelength of light in meter\n", + "mu_e1 = 1.5 # refractive index for extraordinary light in first case\n", + "mu_o1 = 1.55 # refractive index for ordinary light in first case\n", + "mu_e2 = 1.57 # refractive index for extraordinary light in second case\n", + "mu_o2 = 1.55 # refractive index for ordinary light in second case\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "t1 = l / (4 * (mu_o1 - mu_e1))\n", + "t2 = l / (4 * (mu_e2 - mu_o2))\n", + " # calculation for thickness of plate of quartz\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Thickness of plate of quartz in first case = %.3e meter,\\nAnd thickness of plate of quartz in second case = %.2e meter\"%(t1,t2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thickness of plate of quartz in first case = 2.945e-06 meter,\n", + "And thickness of plate of quartz in second case = 7.36e-06 meter\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 22 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.15, Page 3.28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "l = 5.89e-7 # wavelength of light in meter\n", + "mu_e = 1.486 # refractive index for extraordinary light\n", + "mu_o = 1.658 # refractive index for ordinary light\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "t = l / (4 * (mu_o - mu_e)) # calculation for thickness of calcite plate \n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Thickness of calcite plate = %.2e meter\"%t" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thickness of calcite plate = 8.56e-07 meter\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 23 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.16, Page 3.28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "l = 5e-7 # wavelength of light in meter\n", + "mu_e = 1.5533 # refractive index for extraordinary light\n", + "mu_o = 1.5442 # refractive index for ordinary light\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "t = l / (4 * (mu_e - mu_o)) # calculation for thickness of quartz plate\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Thickness of quartz plate = %.2e meter\"%t" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thickness of quartz plate = 1.37e-05 meter\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 24 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.17, Page 3.28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "l = 5.89e-7 # wavelength of light in meter\n", + "mu_e = 1.54 # refractive index for extraordinary light\n", + "mu_o = 1.55 # refractive index for ordinary light\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "t = l / (4 * (mu_o - mu_e)) # calculation for thickness of quartz plate\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Thickness of quartz plate = %.2e meter\"%t" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thickness of quartz plate = 1.47e-05 meter\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 25 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.18, Page 3.28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "l = 5.89e-7 # wavelength of light in meter\n", + "mu_e = 1.553 # refractive index for extraordinary light\n", + "mu_o = 1.544 # refractive index for ordinary light\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "t = l / (4 * (mu_e - mu_o)) # calculation for thickness of quartz plate\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Thickness of quartz plate = %.2e meter\"%t" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thickness of quartz plate = 1.64e-05 meter\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 26 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.19, Page 3.29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "mu_e = 1.5442 # refractive index for extraordinary light\n", + "mu_o = 1.5533 # refractive index for ordinary light\n", + "l = 5e-7 # wavelength of plane polarized light in meter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "t = l / (2 * (mu_o - mu_e))# calculation for thickness of quartz plate\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Thickness of quartz plate = %.2e meter\"%t" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thickness of quartz plate = 2.75e-05 meter\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 27 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.20, Page 3.29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "theta = 10 # rotation of plane of polarization in degree\n", + "s = 60 # specific rotation of sugar solution in degree per decimeter per unit concentration\n", + "l = 2.5 # length of Polari meter in decimeter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "c = theta / (s * l) # calculation for concentration of sugar solution\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Concentration of sugar solution = %.3f gm/cc\"%c" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Concentration of sugar solution = 0.067 gm/cc\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 28 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.21, Page 3.29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "theta = 26.4 # rotation of plane of polarization in degree\n", + "c = 0.2 # concentration of sugar solution in gm/cc\n", + "l = 2 # length of polarizing tube in decimeter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "s = theta / (l * c)# calculation for specific rotation of sugar solution\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Specific rotation of sugar solution = %.f degree/(dm-cc)\"%s" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Specific rotation of sugar solution = 66 degree/(dm-cc)\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 43 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.22, Page 3.29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "theta = 6.5 # rotation of plane of polarization in degree\n", + "c = 0.05 # concentration of sugar solution in gm/cc\n", + "l = 2 # length of polarizing tube in decimeter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "s = theta / (l * c) # calculation for specific rotation of sugar solution\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Specific rotation of sugar solution = %.f degree/(dm-cc)\"%s" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Specific rotation of sugar solution = 65 degree/(dm-cc)\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 42 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.23, Page 3.30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "w = 80 # weight of impure sugar in gm\n", + "theta = 9.9 # rotation of plane of polarization in degree\n", + "s = 66 # specific rotation of sugar solution in degree per decimeter per unit concentration\n", + "l = 2 # length of Polari meter in decimeter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "c = theta / (s * l) * (1000) # in gm/l\n", + "per_c = (c * 100) / w # calculation for concentration of sugar solution\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Concentration of sugar solution = %.2f percent\"%per_c" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Concentration of sugar solution = 93.75 percent\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 29 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.24, Page 3.30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "theta = 11. # rotation of plane of polarization in degree\n", + "s = 66 # specific rotation of sugar solution in degree per decimeter per unit concentration\n", + "l = 2 # length of Polari meter in decimeter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "c = theta / (s * l) # calculation for concentration of sugar solution\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Concentration of sugar solution = %.4f gm/cc\"%c" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Concentration of sugar solution = 0.0833 gm/cc\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 30 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.25, Page 3.30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "theta = 26.4 # rotation of plane of polarization in degree\n", + "c = 0.2 # concentration of sugar solution in gm/cc\n", + "l = 2 # length of polarizing tube in decimeter\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "s = theta / (l * c) # calculation for specific rotation of sugar solution\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Specific rotation of sugar solution = %.f degree/(dm-cc)\"%s" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Specific rotation of sugar solution = 66 degree/(dm-cc)\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 40 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.26, Page 3.30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Given \n", + "theta = 13 # rotation of plane of polarization in degree\n", + "r = (1. / 3) # ratio of the final concentration to the initial solution\n", + "l = 2 # length of Polari meter in decimeter\n", + "l_ = 3 # length of second polarizing tube in decimeter \n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "theta_ = (l_ * r * theta) / l# calculation for optical rotation of diluted solution\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print \"Optical rotation of diluted solution = %.1f degree\"%theta_" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Optical rotation of diluted solution = 6.5 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 39 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
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