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diff --git a/Engineering_Physics/Chapter6.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics/Chapter6.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..271f7718 --- /dev/null +++ b/Engineering_Physics/Chapter6.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,437 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:015049a6d28a54143e382d872ce51260f52be159a8159c04fe93d876c0cea685"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "6: Polarisation"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.1, Page number 108"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "mew=1.63; #refractive index of the glass plate\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "#tan ip=mew\n",
+ "ip=math.atan(mew); #ip=polarising angle(radian)\n",
+ "ip=ip*180/math.pi; #ip=polarising angle(degrees)\n",
+ "#ip+r=90\n",
+ "r=90-ip; #angle of refraction(degrees)\n",
+ "rd=int(r); #angle(degrees)\n",
+ "rm=round(60*(r-rd)); #angle(minutes)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The angle of refraction is\",rd,\"degrees\",rm,\"minutes\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The angle of refraction is 31 degrees 32.0 minutes\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.2, Page number 108"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "#I=I0(cos^2(teta))\n",
+ "theta=50; #angle made between two principle planes(degrees)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "theta=theta*math.pi/180; #angle(radian)\n",
+ "I=(math.cos(theta))**2; #incident unpolarized light\n",
+ "#percentage of incident unpolarised light is (I/I0)*100 where I0 is incident polarised light\n",
+ "p=I*100; #percentage of incident unpolarized light(%)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The percentage of incident unpolarized light is\",int(p),\"%\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The percentage of incident unpolarized light is 41 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.3, Page number 108"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "#I=I0*cos^2(teta)\n",
+ "#cos^2(teta)=I/I0\n",
+ "a=0.08; #a=I/I0;where I=incident unpolarized light & I0=incident polarized light\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "theta=math.acos(math.sqrt(a)); #angle between planes of transmission of analyser and polariser(radian)\n",
+ "theta=theta*180/math.pi; #angle(degrees)\n",
+ "thetad=int(theta); #angle(degrees)\n",
+ "thetam=round(60*(theta-thetad)); #angle(minutes)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The angle between the planes of transmission of analyser & polariser is +(or)- \",thetad,\"degrees\",thetam,\"minutes\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The angle between the planes of transmission of analyser & polariser is +(or)- 73 degrees 34.0 minutes\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.4, Page number 108"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "#IE=A^2(cos^2(teta));IO=A^2(sin^2(teta))\n",
+ "#I0/IE=tan^2(teta)\n",
+ "theta=40; #angle made between incident beam & optic axis(degrees)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "theta=theta*math.pi/180; #angle(radian)\n",
+ "a=math.tan(theta)**2; #I0/IE\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"I0/IE=\",round(a,1)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "I0/IE= 0.7\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.5, Page number 108"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "lamda=589; #wavelength of light(nm)\n",
+ "mew0=1.54; #refractive index for ordinary wave\n",
+ "mewE=1.55; #refractive index for extraordinary wave\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "t=lamda/(4*(mewE-mew0))*10**-3; #thickness(micro m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The thickness of a quarter-wave plate is\",t,\"micro m\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The thickness of a quarter-wave plate is 14.725 micro m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.6, Page number 109"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "ip=52; #angle of polarization(degrees)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "ip=ip*math.pi/180; #angle(radian)\n",
+ "mew=math.tan(ip); #refractive index of the material surface\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The refractive index of the material surface is\",round(mew,2)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The refractive index of the material surface is 1.28\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.7, Page number 109"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "r=33; #angle of refraction(degrees)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "ip=90-r; #polarising angle(degrees)\n",
+ "ip=ip*math.pi/180; #angle(radian)\n",
+ "mew=math.tan(ip); #refractive index of quartz\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The refractive index of quartz is\",round(mew,2)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The refractive index of quartz is 1.54\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 18
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.8, Page number 109"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "#IE=A^2*cos^2(teta);IO=A^2*sin^2(teta)\n",
+ "#I0/IE=tan^2(teta)=0.65\n",
+ "a=0.65; #ratio of intensities of ordinary & extraordinary light\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "theta=math.atan(math.sqrt(a)); #angle made by plane of vibration of the incident light with optic axis(radian)\n",
+ "theta=theta*180/math.pi; #angle(degrees)\n",
+ "thetad=int(theta); #angle(degrees)\n",
+ "thetam=int(60*(theta-thetad));\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The angle made by the plane of vibration of incident light with the optic axis is\",thetad,\"degrees\",thetam,\"minutes\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The angle made by the plane of vibration of incident light with the optic axis is 38 degrees 52 minutes\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 20
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.9, Page number 109"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "mew0=1.544; #refractive index of ordinary waves\n",
+ "mewE=1.553; #refractive index of extraordinary waves\n",
+ "lamda=550; #wavelength(nm) \n",
+ "t=9;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "delta=((2*180)/(lamda*(10**-9)))*(mewE-mew0)*t*(10**-6); #phase difference(degrees)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The phase difference between O and E rays is\",int(delta),\"degrees\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The phase difference between O and E rays is 53 degrees\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 23
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example number 6.10, Page number 109"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "delta=50; #phase difference(degrees)\n",
+ "mewE=1.544; #refractive index of extraordinary waves\n",
+ "mew0=1.553; #refractive index of ordinary waves\n",
+ "t=8; #thickness(nm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation \n",
+ "lamda=((2*180)/delta)*(mew0-mewE)*t*10**-6*10**9; #wavelength of light incident(nm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"The wavelength of light incident is\",lamda,\"nm\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The wavelength of light incident is 518.4 nm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 25
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
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