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diff --git a/Engineering_Heat_Transfer/CHAPTER1.ipynb b/Engineering_Heat_Transfer/CHAPTER1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d020ad30 --- /dev/null +++ b/Engineering_Heat_Transfer/CHAPTER1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,482 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "CHAPTER1"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter1:Fundamental Concepts"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 1.1 Page No.7"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# determination of surface temperature on one side of a firewall\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Given\n",
+ "k=9.4 # thermal conductivity in [BTU/hr.ft. \u02daRankine]\n",
+ "q=6.3 # heat flux in [BTU/s. sq.ft]\n",
+ "T1=350 # the outside surface temperature of one aide of the wall [\u02daF]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "# converting heat flux into BTU/hr sq.ft\n",
+ "Q=6.3*3600 # [BTU/hr.sq.ft]\n",
+ "dx=0.5 # thickness in [inch]\n",
+ "#converting distance into ft\n",
+ "Dx=0.5/12.0 # thickness in [ft]\n",
+ "# solving for temeprature T2\n",
+ "T2=T1-(Q*Dx/k) # [\u02daF]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print\"The required temperature on the other side of the firewall is \",round(T2,1),\"F\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The required temperature on the other side of the firewall is 249.5 F\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 1.2 Page No.9"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# determination of thermal conductivity of aluminium\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Given\n",
+ "k_ss=14.4 # thermal conductivity of stainless steel in [W/m.K]\n",
+ "dt_ss=40 # [K]\n",
+ "dt_al=8.65 # [K]\n",
+ "dz_ss=1 # [cm]\n",
+ "dz_al=3 # [cm]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation\n",
+ "k_al=k_ss*dt_ss*dz_al/(dt_al*dz_ss);# thermal conductivity of Al in [W/m.K]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print\"The thermal conductivity of aluminium is\",round(k_al,0),\"W/m.K\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The thermal conductivity of aluminium is 200.0 W/m.K\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 1.3 Page No.13"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# determination of heat transferred by convection\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Given\n",
+ "h_c=3 # convective coefficient in [BTU/hr.ft**2\n",
+ "A=30*18 # Cross sectional area in ft**2\n",
+ "T_w=140 # Roof surface temperature in degree Fahrenheit\n",
+ "T_inf=85 # Ambient temperature in degree Fahrenheit\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "dT= (T_w-T_inf)\n",
+ "Q_c=h_c*A*dT # Convective heat transfer in BTU/hr\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print\"The heat transferred by convection is\",round(Q_c,2),\"BTU/hr\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The heat transferred by convection is 89100.0 BTU/hr\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 1.4 Page No.14"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# determining average film conductance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Given\n",
+ "D=0.0243 # diameter in meter\n",
+ "L=0.2 # length in meter\n",
+ "A=3.14*D*L # cross-sectional area in sq.m\n",
+ "cp=4200.0 # specific heat of water in J/kg.K\n",
+ "T_b2=21.4 # temperature of bulk fluid in degree celsius\n",
+ "T_in=20.0 # temperature of inlet water in degree celsius\n",
+ "T_w=75.0 # temperature of wall in degree celsius\n",
+ "Q=500.0 # volumetric flow rate in cc/s\n",
+ "density=1000 # density of water in kg/cu.m\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation\n",
+ "m=Q*density/10**6 # mass flowa rate in kg/s\n",
+ "# using definition of specific heat and Newton's law of cooling\n",
+ "hc=m*cp*(T_b2-T_in)/(A*(T_w-T_in))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print\"The average film conductance is \",round(hc,0),\"W/sq.m. K\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The average film conductance is 3503.0 W/sq.m. K\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 1.5 Page No.18"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# determination of heat loss rate by radiation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Given\n",
+ "W=14 # width in ft\n",
+ "L=30.0 # length in ft\n",
+ "A=W*L # area in ft**2\n",
+ "F_12=1 # view factor assumed to be 1\n",
+ "T1=120+460 # driveway surface temperature in degree Rankine\n",
+ "T2=0 # space temperature assumed to be 0 degree Rankine\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "sigma=0.1714*10**(-8) # value of Stefan-Boltzmann's constant in BTU/(hr.ft**2.(degree Rankine)**4)\n",
+ "e=0.9 # surface emissivity\n",
+ "q=sigma*A*e*F_12*((T1)**4-(T2)**4);\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print\"The heat loss rate by radiation is \",round(q,0),\"BTU/hr\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The heat loss rate by radiation is 73319.0 BTU/hr\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 1.6 Page No.19"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# determination of radiation thermal conductance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Given\n",
+ "A=420.0 # area in sq.ft\n",
+ "T1=580.0 # driveway surface temperature in degree Rankine\n",
+ "T2=0 # surface temperature assumed to be 0 degree Rankine\n",
+ "Qr=73320 # heat loss rate in BTU/hr\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation\n",
+ "hr=Qr/(A*(T1-T2)) # radiation thermal conductance in BTU/(hr.ft**2.(degree Rankine)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print\"the radiation thermal conductance is \",round(hr,2),\"BTU/(hr. sq.ft R)\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "the radiation thermal conductance is 0.3 BTU/(hr. sq.ft R)\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 21
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 1.7 Page No. 21"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "%pylab inline"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# Identification of all resistances and their values\n",
+ "# Estimation of heat transfer per unit area\n",
+ "# Determination of the inside and outside wall temperatures\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Given\n",
+ "A=1.0 # assuming A=1 m**2 for convenience\n",
+ "hc1_avg=15.0 # taking average of extreme values for hc [W/m**2.K]\n",
+ "k=(0.38+0.52)/2.0 # thermal conductivity of common brick in W/M.k\n",
+ "L=0.1 #10 cm converted into m\n",
+ "Rk=(L/(k*A)) # resistance of construction material, assume common brick\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calcultion\n",
+ "T_inf1=1000.0 # temperature of exhaust gases in K\n",
+ "T_inf2=283.0 # temperature of ambient air in K\n",
+ "Rcl=1/(hc1_avg*A) # resistance on left side of wall [K/W]\n",
+ "Rc2=Rcl \n",
+ "q=(T_inf1-T_inf2)/(Rcl+Rk+Rc2) # heat transferred per unit area\n",
+ "T_in=T_inf1-Rcl*q #inlet temprature \n",
+ "T_out=T_inf2+Rc2*q\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print\"(b)\"\n",
+ "print\"The resistance on left side of wall is \",round(Rcl,2),\"K/W\"\n",
+ "print\"The resistance of construction material of wall is\",round(Rk,2),\"K/W\"\n",
+ "print\"The resistance on right side of wall is \",round(Rc2,2),\"K/W\"\n",
+ "print\"(c)The Heat transferred per unit area is \",round(q/1000,2),\"kw\"\n",
+ "print \"(d)\"\n",
+ "print\"The inside wall temperature is \",round(T_in,0),\"K\"\n",
+ "print\"The outside wall temperature is\",round(T_out,1),\"K\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Plot\n",
+ "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
+ "fig = plt.figure()\n",
+ "ax = fig.add_subplot(111)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x1=[5,5]\n",
+ "T1=[0,1000]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x2=[8,8]\n",
+ "T2=[0,1000]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x3=[1,4]\n",
+ "T3=[1000,1000]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x4=[4,5]\n",
+ "T4=[1000,866]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x5=[5,8]\n",
+ "T5=[866,417]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x6=[8,9]\n",
+ "T6=[417,290]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x7=[9,10]\n",
+ "T7=[290,283]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "xlabel(\"x\") \n",
+ "ylabel(\"T (K)\") \n",
+ "plt.xlim((0,11))\n",
+ "plt.ylim((0,1200))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "ax.plot([1], [1000], 'o')\n",
+ "ax.annotate('(1000K)', xy=(1,1020))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "ax.plot([5], [866], 'o')\n",
+ "ax.annotate('(T1)', xy=(5.5,866))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "ax.plot([8], [417], 'o')\n",
+ "ax.annotate('(T2)', xy=(7.5,417))\n",
+ "ax.plot([10], [283], 'o')\n",
+ "ax.annotate('(283K)', xy=(10.5,283))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "a1=plot(x1,T1)\n",
+ "a2=plot(x2,T2)\n",
+ "a3=plot(x3,T3)\n",
+ "a4=plot(x4,T4)\n",
+ "a5=plot(x5,T5)\n",
+ "a6=plot(x6,T6)\n",
+ "a7=plot(x7,T7)\n",
+ "show(a1)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(b)\n",
+ "The resistance on left side of wall is 0.07 K/W\n",
+ "The resistance of construction material of wall is 0.22 K/W\n",
+ "The resistance on right side of wall is 0.07 K/W\n",
+ "(c)The Heat transferred per unit area is 2.02 kw\n",
+ "(d)\n",
+ "The inside wall temperature is 866.0 K\n",
+ "The outside wall temperature is 417.4 K\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "display_data",
+ "png": 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IbWZZwcyaNQu73e74B5eUlER4eDh79+5l4MCBJCUlAZCVlcXy5cvJysoiLS2N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\nkIhbnvzxNPAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n"
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 24
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 1.8 Page No.24"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# determination of surface temperature\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Given\n",
+ "k=0.604 # [BTU/(hr.ft.degree Rankine)]\n",
+ "hc=3.0 # average value for natural convection in BTU/(hr.ft**2.degree Rankine)\n",
+ "ew=0.93 \n",
+ "f_wr=1.0 # shape factor\n",
+ "sigma= 0.1714*10**(-8) # BTU/(hr.ft**2.degree Rankine).\n",
+ "L=4/12.0 # length in ft\n",
+ "T1=80+460 # temperature of side-walk in degree Rankine\n",
+ "T_inf=20+460 # temperature of ambient air in degree Rankine\n",
+ "T_r=0 # assuming space temperature to be 0 degree Rankine\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "# LHS of the form a*Tw+b*Tw**4=c\n",
+ "a=((k/L)+hc) #Coefficient of Tw in the equation\n",
+ "b=(sigma*ew*f_wr) #Coefficient of Tw**4 in the equation\n",
+ "c=(k*T1/L)+(hc*T_inf)+(sigma*f_wr*ew*T_r**4) #right hans side of the equation\n",
+ "#Soving by try and error\n",
+ "Tw1=470 #assumed first value of temprature\n",
+ "LHS1=a*Tw1+b*Tw1**4\n",
+ "Tw2=480 #assumed 2nd value of temprature\n",
+ "LHS2=a*Tw2+b*Tw2**4\n",
+ "Tw3=490 #assumed 3rd value of temprature\n",
+ "LHS3=a*Tw3+b*Tw3**4\n",
+ "Tw4=485 #assumed 4th value of temprature\n",
+ "LHS4=a*Tw4+b*Tw4**4\n",
+ "Tw5=484.5 #assumed fifth value of temprature\n",
+ "LHS5=a*Tw5+b*Tw5**4\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "print\"RHS\",round(c,1)\n",
+ "print\"LHS at surface Temprature 1=\",round(LHS1,1)\n",
+ "print\"LHS at surface Temprature 2=\",round(LHS2,1)\n",
+ "print\"LHS at surface Temprature 3=\",round(LHS3,0)\n",
+ "print\"LHS at surface Temprature 4=\",round(LHS4,1)\n",
+ "print\"LHS at surface Temprature 5=\",round(LHS5,1)\n",
+ "print\"\\nLHS is close enough to RHS at Temprature 484.5. So Surface Temprature is\",Tw5,\"R\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RHS 2418.5\n",
+ "LHS at surface Temprature 1= 2339.4\n",
+ "LHS at surface Temprature 2= 2394.4\n",
+ "LHS at surface Temprature 3= 2450.0\n",
+ "LHS at surface Temprature 4= 2422.0\n",
+ "LHS at surface Temprature 5= 2419.2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "LHS is close enough to RHS at Temprature 484.5. So Surface Temprature is 484.5 R\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file |