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Diffstat (limited to 'Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju')
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diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter1.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter1.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..0b28ab1f --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,960 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:7ca07125c8424318678f9ac2ef291122a50106da27b0b7c631b9f5aa559886c5"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter1-Common Electronic Materials and Properties"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg23"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.1\n",
+ "#calcualte fusing current for given values\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "print(\"I = K(d^1.5)\") ##formula used for fusing current\n",
+ "d=0.0031\n",
+ "print\"%s %.3f %s\"%(\"d = \",d,\"inches\") ##initializing values of diameter\n",
+ "I1=10244*(d**1.5);\n",
+ "I2=7585*(d**1.5);\n",
+ "I3=5320*(d**1.5); \n",
+ "I4=3148*(d**1.5); I5=1642*(d**1.5) ##calculation for fusing current\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Copper, I = 10244*(d^1.5) = \",I1,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d^1.5) = \",I2,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Silver, I = 5320*(d^1.5) = \",I3,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Iron, I = 3148*(d^1.5) = \",I4,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Tin, I = 1642*(d^1.5) = \",I5,\"Amp.\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "I = K(d^1.5)\n",
+ "d = 0.003 inches\n",
+ "for Copper, I = 10244*(d^1.5) = 1.77 Amp.\n",
+ "for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d^1.5) = 1.31 Amp.\n",
+ "for Silver, I = 5320*(d^1.5) = 0.92 Amp.\n",
+ "for Iron, I = 3148*(d^1.5) = 0.54 Amp.\n",
+ "for Tin, I = 1642*(d^1.5) = 0.28 Amp.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg23"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.2\n",
+ "#calculate fusing current for given values\n",
+ "print(\"fusing current, I = K(d**1.5) Amp.\")##formula used for fusing current\n",
+ "d=0.0201\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"d = \",d,\"inches\") ##initializing value of diameter\n",
+ "I1=10244*(d**1.5);I2=7585*(d**1.5); I3=5320*(d**1.5); I4=3148*(d**1.5); I5=1642*(d**1.5) ##calculation for fusing current\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = \",I1,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = \",I2,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = \",I3,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = \",I4,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = \",I5,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : calculation for fusing current of Iron is wrong.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "fusing current, I = K(d**1.5) Amp.\n",
+ "d = 0.02 inches\n",
+ "for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = 29.19 Amp.\n",
+ "for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = 21.61 Amp.\n",
+ "for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = 15.16 Amp.\n",
+ "for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = 8.97 Amp.\n",
+ "for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = 4.68 Amp.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg24"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.3\n",
+ "#calculate for fusing current in all four cases\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "print(\"fusing current, I = K(d**1.5) Amp.\") ##formula used for fusing current\n",
+ "print(\"(a)\") \n",
+ "d=0.0159\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"d = \",d,\"inches\") ##initializing value of diameter\n",
+ "I1=10244*(d**1.5);I2=7585*(d**1.5); I3=5320*(d**1.5); I4=3148*(d**1.5); I5=1642*(d**1.5) ##calculation for fusing current\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = \",I1,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = \",I2,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = \",I3,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = \",I4,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = \",I5,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print(\"(b)\")\n",
+ "d=0.0063\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"d = \",d,\"inches\") ##initializing value of diameter\n",
+ "I1=10244*(d**1.5);I2=7585*(d**1.5); I3=5320*(d**1.5); I4=3148*(d**1.5); I5=1642*(d**1.5) ##calculation for fusing current\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = \",I1,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = \",I2,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = \",I3,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = \",I4,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = \",I5,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print(\"(c)\")\n",
+ "d=0.0403\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"d = \",d,\"inches\") ##initializing value of diameter\n",
+ "I1=10244*(d**1.5);I2=7585*(d**1.5); I3=5320*(d**1.5); I4=3148*(d**1.5); I5=1642*(d**1.5) ##calculation for fusing current\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = \",I1,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = \",I2,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = \",I3,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = \",I4,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = \",I5,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print(\"(d)\")\n",
+ "d=0.0452\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"d = \",d,\"inches\") ##initializing value of diameter\n",
+ "I1=10244*(d**1.5);I2=7585*(d**1.5); I3=5320*(d**1.5); I4=3148*(d**1.5); I5=1642*(d**1.5) ##calculation for fusing current\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = \",I1,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = \",I2,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = \",I3,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = \",I4,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = \",I5,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print(\"(e)\")\n",
+ "d=0.0508\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"d = \",d,\"inches\") ##initializing value of diameter\n",
+ "I1=10244*(d**1.5);I2=7585*(d**1.5); I3=5320*(d**1.5); I4=3148*(d**1.5); I5=1642*(d**1.5) ##calculation for fusing current\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = \",I1,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = \",I2,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = \",I3,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = \",I4,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = \",I5,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print(\"(f)\")\n",
+ "d=0.162\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"d = \",d,\"inches\") ##initializing value of diameter\n",
+ "I1=10244*(d**1.5);I2=7585*(d**1.5); I3=5320*(d**1.5); I4=3148*(d**1.5); I5=1642*(d**1.5) ##calculation for fusing current\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = \",I1,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = \",I2,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = \",I3,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = \",I4,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = \",I5,\"Amp.\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : in part (e) ... calculation for fusing current of silver is wrong.\n",
+ "## note : in part (f) ... calculation for fusing current of Iron is wrong.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "fusing current, I = K(d**1.5) Amp.\n",
+ "(a)\n",
+ "d = 0.02 inches\n",
+ "for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = 20.54 Amp.\n",
+ "for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = 15.21 Amp.\n",
+ "for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = 10.67 Amp.\n",
+ "for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = 6.31 Amp.\n",
+ "for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = 3.29 Amp.\n",
+ "(b)\n",
+ "d = 0.01 inches\n",
+ "for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = 5.12 Amp.\n",
+ "for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = 3.79 Amp.\n",
+ "for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = 2.66 Amp.\n",
+ "for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = 1.57 Amp.\n",
+ "for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = 0.82 Amp.\n",
+ "(c)\n",
+ "d = 0.04 inches\n",
+ "for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = 82.88 Amp.\n",
+ "for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = 61.36 Amp.\n",
+ "for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = 43.04 Amp.\n",
+ "for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = 25.47 Amp.\n",
+ "for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = 13.28 Amp.\n",
+ "(d)\n",
+ "d = 0.05 inches\n",
+ "for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = 98.44 Amp.\n",
+ "for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = 72.89 Amp.\n",
+ "for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = 51.12 Amp.\n",
+ "for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = 30.25 Amp.\n",
+ "for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = 15.78 Amp.\n",
+ "(e)\n",
+ "d = 0.05 inches\n",
+ "for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = 117.29 Amp.\n",
+ "for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = 86.85 Amp.\n",
+ "for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = 60.91 Amp.\n",
+ "for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = 36.04 Amp.\n",
+ "for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = 18.80 Amp.\n",
+ "(f)\n",
+ "d = 0.16 inches\n",
+ "for Copper, I = 10244*(d**1.5) = 667.95 Amp.\n",
+ "for Aluminum, I = 7585*(d**1.5) = 494.57 Amp.\n",
+ "for Silver, I = 5320*(d**1.5) = 346.88 Amp.\n",
+ "for Iron, I = 3148*(d**1.5) = 205.26 Amp.\n",
+ "for Tin, I = 1642*(d**1.5) = 107.06 Amp.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg25"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.4\n",
+ "#calculate resistance for given resistivity\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "A=0.5189*10**-6##wire cross sectional area\n",
+ "rho=1.725*10**-8##resistivity\n",
+ "l=100 ##wire length\n",
+ "print\"%s %.3e %s\"%(\"A =\",A,\"merer square\") \n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"rho =\",rho,\"ohm-m\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"l =\",l,\"m\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"R = rho*l/A = \",rho*l/A,\"ohm\") ##resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "A = 5.189e-07 merer square\n",
+ "rho = 1.73e-08 ohm-m\n",
+ "l = 100.00 m\n",
+ "R = rho*l/A = 3.32 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg26"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.5\n",
+ "#calculate resistance wire\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "A=0.2588*10**-6##wire cross-sectional area\n",
+ "rho=1.725*10**-8##resistivity\n",
+ "l=100 ##wire length\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"A =\",A,\"merer square\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"rho =\",rho,\"ohm-m\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"l =\",l,\"m\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"R = rho*l/A = \",rho*l/A,\"ohm\") ##resistance of wire\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "A = 2.59e-07 merer square\n",
+ "rho = 1.73e-08 ohm-m\n",
+ "l = 100.00 m\n",
+ "R = rho*l/A = 6.67 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg26"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.6\n",
+ "#calculate resistance at temperature at T2\n",
+ "R1 = 14##resistance at temperature T1 \n",
+ "alpha=0.005\n",
+ "T1=20;##initial temperature\n",
+ "T2=120 ##final temperature\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s %.2f %s %.2f %s%.2f %s \"%(\"R1 = \",R1, \"ohm\"and\" alpha = \",alpha,\"\"and \" T1 = \",T1,\"degreeC\"and \"T2 = \",T2,\"degreeC\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"R2 = R1(1+(alpha*(T1-T2))) = \",R1*(1+(alpha*(T2-T1))),\"ohm\") ##resistance at temperature T2\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "R1 = 14.00 alpha = 0.01 20.00 T2 = 120.00 degreeC \n",
+ "R2 = R1(1+(alpha*(T1-T2))) = 21.00 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg26"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##EX1.7\n",
+ "#calculate force of electron charge\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Ex=3;Ey=4;Ez=2##electric field\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19 ##electorn charge\n",
+ "print(\"E = 3ax + 4ay + 2az k V/m\")\n",
+ "print(\"e = 1.6*10**-19 C\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s %.2e %s %.2e %s \"%(\" F=eE = \",Ex*e*1000,\"ax + \",Ey*e*1000,\"ay + \",Ez*e*1000,\"az N\") ##force\n",
+ "#or\n",
+ "\n",
+ "f=10**-16* math.sqrt(74.24)\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s \"%(\"f=\",f,\"N\")"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "E = 3ax + 4ay + 2az k V/m\n",
+ "e = 1.6*10**-19 C\n",
+ " F=eE = 4.80e-16 ax + 6.40e-16 ay + 3.20e-16 az N \n",
+ "f= 8.62e-16 N \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg26"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.8\n",
+ "#calculate elctric field\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "F=0.1*10**-12##force applied\n",
+ "e = 1.6*10**-19##electron charge\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s %.2e %s \"%(\"F= \",F,\"N \"and \" e = \",e,\"C\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"E = F/e =\",F/e,\"V/m\")##electric field\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "F= 1.00e-13 e = 1.60e-19 C \n",
+ "E = F/e = 6.25e+05 V/m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg26"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.9\n",
+ "#calculate charge of electron\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "F = 3*(10**-12) ##force applied\n",
+ "E = 5*(10**-6) ##electric field\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"F = \",F,\"N\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"E = \",E,\"V/m\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"Q= F/E = \",F/E,\"C\") ##chage\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#converted in units"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "F = 3.00e-12 N\n",
+ "E = 5.00e-06 V/m\n",
+ "Q= F/E = 6.00e-07 C\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg27"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.10\n",
+ "#calculate force \n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "B = 2*10**-6 ##magnetic flux density\n",
+ "V = 4*10**6 ##electron velocity\n",
+ "e= 1.6*10**-19##elcetron charge\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"B =\",B,\"ax wb/m.sq\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"V =\",V,\"az m/s\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.3e %s\"%(\"e = \",e, \"C\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s\"%(\"F = e[VxB] =\",e*V*B,\"ay N\")##force\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "B = 2.00e-06 ax wb/m.sq\n",
+ "V = 4000000.00 az m/s\n",
+ "e = 1.600e-19 C\n",
+ "F = e[VxB] = 1.28e-18 ay N\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg27"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.11\n",
+ "#calculate force on electron due to field\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Hx = 1*10**-3 ##magnetic field in x-axis\n",
+ "Hy = 2*10**-3 ##magnetic field in y-axis\n",
+ "V = (4*10**6) ##electron velocity\n",
+ "micro_not=(4*math.pi*(10**-7)) ##permitivity in vaccum\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19 ##charge of electorn\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s %.2e %s \"%(\" H = \",Hx,\"ax + \",Hy,\"ay A/m\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"V = \",V,\"ay m/s\")\n",
+ "Bx = micro_not*Hx; By = micro_not*Hy ##magnetic flux density\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s %.2e %s \"%(\"B = micro_not*H = \",Bx,\"ax + \",By,\"ay wb/m.sq\")\n",
+ "print\"%s %.2e %s \"%(\"F = e[VxB] = \",e*V*Bx,\"az N\") ##force on electron due to field\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : there is a misprint in the textbook for the above problem\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " H = 1.00e-03 ax + 2.00e-03 ay A/m \n",
+ "V = 4000000.00 ay m/s\n",
+ "B = micro_not*H = 1.26e-09 ax + 2.51e-09 ay wb/m.sq \n",
+ "F = e[VxB] = 8.04e-22 az N \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12-pg28"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.12\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "n = 5.*10**22##number of atoms in silicon/cm_cube\n",
+ "donors = 10**-7 ##donor atoms\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"n = \",(n),\" /cm.cube\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"donors = \",(donors),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ND = \",(n*donors),\" /cm.cube\") ##donor atom concentration\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "n = 5.00e+22 /cm.cube\n",
+ "donors = 1.00e-07 \n",
+ "ND = 5.00e+15 /cm.cube\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex13-pg28"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.13\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ND =5.*10**16##donor atom concentration\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"n = \",(ND),\"/cm.cube\") ##free electrons\n",
+ "#approx"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "n = 5.00e+16 /cm.cube\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14-pg28"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.14\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ni = 1.5*10**10 ##intrinsic concentration\n",
+ "ND = 5.*10**16 ##donor atom concentration\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ni =\",(ni),\"/cm.cube\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ND = \",(ND),\" /cm.cube\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"p = (ni^2)/ND = \",((ni**2)/ND),\"atom/cm.cube\") ##hole concentration\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "ni = 1.50e+10 /cm.cube\n",
+ "ND = 5.00e+16 /cm.cube\n",
+ "p = (ni^2)/ND = 4.50e+03 atom/cm.cube\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex15-pg28"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.15\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ni = 1.52*10**10 ##intrinsic concentration\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19 ##charge of electron\n",
+ "micro_n = 1350.; micro_p = 480. ## charge mobility\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ni = pi =\",(ni),\"/cm.cube\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro_n = \",(micro_n),\"cm.sq/V-s\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro_p = \",(micro_p),\"cm.sq/V-s\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"sigma = e(micro_n*ni + micro_p*pi ) =\",(e*(micro_n*ni + micro_p*ni)),\"mho/cm\") ##conductivity\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"rho = 1/sigma =\",(1/(e*(micro_n*ni + micro_p*ni))),\"ohm-cm\") ##resistivity\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "e = 1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "ni = pi = 1.52e+10 /cm.cube\n",
+ "micro_n = 1350.00 cm.sq/V-s\n",
+ "micro_p = 480.00 cm.sq/V-s\n",
+ "sigma = e(micro_n*ni + micro_p*pi ) = 4.45e-06 mho/cm\n",
+ "rho = 1/sigma = 2.25e+05 ohm-cm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex16-pg29"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.16\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ni = 2.5*(10**13) ##intrinsic concentration\n",
+ "donor = 10**-7 ##donor atoms\n",
+ "ND = 4.41*(10**22)*(10**-7) ##donor atom concentration\n",
+ "e = 1.6*(10**-19) ##electron charge\n",
+ "micro_n = 3800.; micro_p = 1800. ##charge mobility\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ni =\",(ni),\" /cm.cube\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"donor = \",(donor),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"n = ND =\",(ND),\" /cm.cube\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"p = (ni^2)/ND = \",((ni**2)/ND),\" /cm.cube\") ##hole concentration\n",
+ "print(\"micro_n = 3800 cm.sq/V-s; micro_p = 1800 cm.sq/V-s\")\n",
+ "sigma = ni*e*(micro_n+micro_p) ##conductivity\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"sigma = ni*e(micro_n + micro_p) = \",(sigma),\"mho/cm\")\n",
+ "#conveted into units"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "ni = 2.50e+13 /cm.cube\n",
+ "donor = 1.00e-07 \n",
+ "n = ND = 4.41e+15 /cm.cube\n",
+ "p = (ni^2)/ND = 1.42e+11 /cm.cube\n",
+ "micro_n = 3800 cm.sq/V-s; micro_p = 1800 cm.sq/V-s\n",
+ "sigma = ni*e(micro_n + micro_p) = 0.02 mho/cm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex17-pg29"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.17\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ni = 2.5*10**19 ##intrinsic concentration\n",
+ "NA = 10**21 ##acceptor atom concentration\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ni = \",(ni),\" /m.cube\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"NA = \",(NA),\" /m.cube \")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"np = (ni^2)/ NA =\",((ni**2)/NA),\"e/m.cube\") ##electron concentration\n",
+ "##textbook has not calcutated for hole concentration\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "ni = 2.50e+19 /m.cube\n",
+ "NA = 1.00e+21 /m.cube \n",
+ "np = (ni^2)/ NA = 6.25e+17 e/m.cube\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex18-pg30"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.18\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "micro_p = 1800. ##hole mobility\n",
+ "rho_p = 1. ##resistivity\n",
+ "e = 1.6*10**-19 ##electorn charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro_p =\",(micro_p),\" cm.sq/V-s\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rho_p = \",(rho_p),\"ohm-cm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"pp = 1/(e*micro_p*rho_p) = \",(1/(e*micro_p*rho_p)),\" holes/cm.cube\") ##number of trivalent impurity\n",
+ "#due to round off error"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "micro_p = 1800.00 cm.sq/V-s\n",
+ "rho_p = 1.00 ohm-cm\n",
+ "e = 1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "pp = 1/(e*micro_p*rho_p) = 3.47e+15 holes/cm.cube\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex19-pg30"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.19\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "micro_n = 1300. ##eletron mobility\n",
+ "rho_n = 2. ##resistivity\n",
+ "e = 1.6*10**-19 ##electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro_n =\",(micro_n),\" cm.sq/V-s\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rho_n = \",(rho_n),\"ohm-cm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e\",(e),\"C\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"nn = 1/(e*micro_n*rho_n) = \",(1/(e*micro_n*rho_n)),\" e/cm.cube\") ##number of pentavalent impurity\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "micro_n = 1300.00 cm.sq/V-s\n",
+ "rho_n = 2.00 ohm-cm\n",
+ "e 1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "nn = 1/(e*micro_n*rho_n) = 2.40e+15 e/cm.cube\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex20-pg30"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.20\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "EGo = 1.1 ##energy band gap\n",
+ "micro_n = 0.13 ##electron mobility\n",
+ "micro_p = 0.05 ##hole mobility\n",
+ "N = 3.*10**25 ##atom concentration\n",
+ "K = 1.38*10**-23 ##Boltzmann constant\n",
+ "T = 300. ##room temperature\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19##electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s %.2e %s '%(\"EGo = \",(EGo),\"eV = \",(EGo*e),\"J\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro_n = \",(micro_n),\" m.sq/V-s\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro_p = \",(micro_p),\"m.sq/V-s\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"N = \",(N),\" /m.cube\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"T = \",(T),\"degree_K\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"K = \",(K),\"J/K\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ni = N*exp(-(EGo/(2*T*K))) = \",(N*math.exp(-(EGo*e/(2*T*K)))),\" /m.cube\") ##intrinsic concentration\n",
+ "ni = N*math.exp(-(EGo*e/(2*T*K)))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"sigma = ni*e(micro_n+micro_p) = \",(ni*e*(micro_n+micro_p)),\"mho/m\") ##conductivity\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "EGo = 1.10 eV = 1.76e-19 J \n",
+ "micro_n = 0.13 m.sq/V-s\n",
+ "micro_p = 0.05 m.sq/V-s\n",
+ "N = 3.00e+25 /m.cube\n",
+ "T = 300.00 degree_K\n",
+ "K = 1.38e-23 J/K\n",
+ "ni = N*exp(-(EGo/(2*T*K))) = 1.76e+16 /m.cube\n",
+ "sigma = ni*e(micro_n+micro_p) = 5.07e-04 mho/m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex21-pg31"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex1.21\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "K = 1.38*10**-23 ##Boltzmann constant\n",
+ "e = 1.6*10**-19 ##electron charge\n",
+ "T = 300. ##room temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"K = \",(K),\" J/K\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"T = \",(T),\"degree_K\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VT = K*T/e = \",(K*T/e),\"V\") ##volt-equivalent temperature\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "K = 1.38e-23 J/K\n",
+ "e = 1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "T = 300.00 degree_K\n",
+ "VT = K*T/e = 0.03 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter10.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter10.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..c5d17f01 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter10.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:d28d6fefe327ad9c35c91c07dc65a3c9786e6cbf8dfe4609fa49a329edf25284"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter10-Feedback Amplifier"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg338"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Av = 80.##voltage gain\n",
+ "beta = 0.001##feedback ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "Avf = Av/(1+beta*Av)##gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Avf = Av/(1+beta*Av) = \",(Avf),\"\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av = 80.00 \n",
+ "beta = 0.0010 \n",
+ "Avf = Av/(1+beta*Av) = 74.07 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg338"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Av = 50.##voltage gain\n",
+ "beta = 0.01##feedback ratio\n",
+ "BW = 100.*10**3##bandwidth\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Bandwidth = \",(BW),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "Avf = Av/(1+beta*Av)##gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Avf = Av/(1+beta*Av) = \",(Avf),\"\")\n",
+ "BWf = BW*(1+beta*Av)##bandwidth with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"(B.W)f = \",(BWf),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : using variable \"BW\" instad of \"B.W\" ... as, if using B.W the software takes it as a function.\n",
+ "## similarly using \"BWf\" instead of (B.W)f.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av = 50.00 \n",
+ "beta = 0.01 \n",
+ "Bandwidth = 100000.00 Hz\n",
+ "Avf = Av/(1+beta*Av) = 33.33 \n",
+ "(B.W)f = 150000.00 Hz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg341"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Av = 200.## voltage gain\n",
+ "D = 0.05## harmonic distortion in amplifier\n",
+ "Df = 0.02##final reduced distortion\n",
+ "beta = (D/Df-1.)/Av##feedback gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"D = \",(D),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Df = \",(Df),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = (D/Df - 1)/Av = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta*100.),\"%\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av = 200.00 \n",
+ "D = 0.05 \n",
+ "Df = 0.02 \n",
+ "beta = (D/Df - 1)/Av = 0.01 \n",
+ "beta = 0.75 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg341"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Av1 = 100.##initial voltage gain\n",
+ "beta = 0.001##feedback ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av1 = \",(Av1),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "Af1 = Av1/(1+beta*Av1)##initial gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Af1 = Av1/(1+beta*Av1) = \",(Af1),\"\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Av2 = 150.##final voltage gain\n",
+ "beta = 0.001##feedback ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av2 = \",(Av2),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "Af2 = Av2/(1+beta*Av2)##final gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Af2 = Av2/(1+beta*Av2) = \",(Af2),\"\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "change_in_gain = Af2 - Af1##required change in gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"change in gain required = Af2 - Af1 = \",(change_in_gain),\"\")\n",
+ "delta_Avf = change_in_gain/Af1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"delta_Avf = Af2-Af1/Af1 = \",(delta_Avf),\"%\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av1 = 100.00 \n",
+ "beta = 0.0010 \n",
+ "Af1 = Av1/(1+beta*Av1) = 90.91 \n",
+ "Av2 = 150.00 \n",
+ "beta = 0.0010 \n",
+ "Af2 = Av2/(1+beta*Av2) = 130.43 \n",
+ "change in gain required = Af2 - Af1 = 39.53 \n",
+ "delta_Avf = Af2-Af1/Af1 = 0.43 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg342"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Av = 40.##voltage gain in decibles\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"dB\")\n",
+ "Av = 10**(Av/20.)##voltage gain in V/V\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "Avf = 20##voltage gain with negative feedback in decibles\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Avf = \",(Avf),\"dB\")\n",
+ "Avf = 10^(Avf/20)##voltage gain with negative feedback in V/V\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Avf = \",(Avf),\"\")\n",
+ "beta = ((Av/Avf)-1)/Av##feedback ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = (Av/Avf - 1)/Av = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note: solution in the textbook for the above problem is wrong.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av = 40.00 dB\n",
+ "Av = 100.00 \n",
+ "Avf = 20.00 dB\n",
+ "Avf = 11.00 \n",
+ "beta = (Av/Avf - 1)/Av = 0.08 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg342"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Av = 100.##voltage gain\n",
+ "beta = 0.05##feedback ratio\n",
+ "BW = 400.*10**3 ##bandwidth\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"B.W. = \",(BW),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "Af = Av/(1+beta*Av)##gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Af = Av/(1+beta*Av) = \",(Af),\"\")\n",
+ "BWf = BW*(1+beta*Av)##bandwidth with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"(B.W)f = \",(BWf),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : using variable \"BW\" instad of \"B.W\" ... as, if using B.W the software takes it as a function.\n",
+ "## similarly using \"BWf\" instead of (B.W)f.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av = 100.00 \n",
+ "beta = 0.05 \n",
+ "B.W. = 400000.00 Hz\n",
+ "Af = Av/(1+beta*Av) = 16.67 \n",
+ "(B.W)f = 2400000.00 Hz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg343"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Po = 100.##output power\n",
+ "RL = 10.##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Po = \",(Po),\"W\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "vo = (RL*Po)**0.5##output voltage\n",
+ "vi = 2##input voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"vo = (Rl*Po)^0.5 = \",(vo),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"vi = \",(vi),\"V\")\n",
+ "Av = vo/vi##voltage gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = vo/vi = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "D = 0.04## harmonic distortion in amplifier\n",
+ "Df = 0.0002##distortion after feedback\n",
+ "beta = (D/Df-1.)/Av##feedback gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"D = \",(D),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"Df = \",(Df),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = (D/Df - 1)/Av = \",(beta),\"\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Po = 100.00 W\n",
+ "RL = 10.00 ohm\n",
+ "vo = (Rl*Po)^0.5 = 31.62 V\n",
+ "vi = 2.00 V\n",
+ "Av = vo/vi = 15.81 \n",
+ "D = 0.04 \n",
+ "Df = 0.0002 \n",
+ "beta = (D/Df - 1)/Av = 12.59 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg343"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_8\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "BW = 500.*10**3##bandwidth\n",
+ "A = 200.##gain of amplifier\n",
+ "BWf = 2.*10**6##bandwidth with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"B.W = \",(BW),\"HZ\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"A = \",(A),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"(B.W)f = \",(BWf),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "beta = ((BWf/BW)-1)/A##feedback ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = ((B.W)f/B.W - 1)/A = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta*100.),\"%\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : using variable \"BW\" instad of \"B.W\" ... as, if using B.W the software takes it as a function.\n",
+ "## similarly using \"BWf\" instead of (B.W)f.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "B.W = 500000.00 HZ\n",
+ "A = 200.00 \n",
+ "(B.W)f = 2000000.00 Hz\n",
+ "beta = ((B.W)f/B.W - 1)/A = 0.01 \n",
+ "beta = 1.50 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg344"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_9\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "A = 150.##gain of amplifier\n",
+ "beta = 0.05##feedback ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"A = \",(A),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "Af = A/(1.+beta*A)##gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Af = A/(1+beta*A) = \",(Af),\"\")\n",
+ "fL = 20*10^3##lower 3dB frequency\n",
+ "fU = 160*10^3##upper 3dB frequency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"fL = \",(fL),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"fU = \",(fU),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "fLf = fL/(1.+beta*A)##lower 3dB gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"fLf = fL/(1+beta*A) = \",(fLf),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "fUf = fU*(1+beta*A)##upper 3dB gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"fUf = fU*(1+beta*A) = \",(fUf),\"Hz\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "A = 150.00 \n",
+ "beta = 0.05 \n",
+ "Af = A/(1+beta*A) = 17.65 \n",
+ "fL = 203.00 Hz\n",
+ "fU = 1603.00 Hz\n",
+ "fLf = fL/(1+beta*A) = 23.88 Hz\n",
+ "fUf = fU*(1+beta*A) = 13625.50 Hz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg344"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex10_10\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##parameters of emitter follower circuit:\n",
+ "hie = 1.1*10**3##input resistance\n",
+ "hfe = 80.##current gain\n",
+ "hoe = 2.*10**-5##output conductance\n",
+ "Re = 2.2*10**3##emitter resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hie = \",(hie),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfe = \",(hfe),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hoe = \",(hoe),\"mho\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Re = \",(Re),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "gm = hfe/hie\n",
+ "Rif = hie*(1.+gm*Re)##input resistance with feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rif = hie*(1+gm*Re) = \",(Rif),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "Rof = hie/(1.+hfe)##output resistance with feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rof = hie/(1+hfe) = \",(Rof),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "Avf = gm*Re/(1+gm*Re)##voltage gain with negative feedback\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Avf = gm*Re/(1+gm*Re) = \",(Avf),\"\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "hie = 1100.00 ohm\n",
+ "hfe = 80.00 \n",
+ "hoe = 2.00e-05 mho\n",
+ "Re = 2200.00 ohm\n",
+ "Rif = hie*(1+gm*Re) = 177100.00 ohm\n",
+ "Rof = hie/(1+hfe) = 13.58 ohm\n",
+ "Avf = gm*Re/(1+gm*Re) = 0.99 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter11.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter11.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..b82109aa --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter11.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,637 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:0da7b5fc3571010d943cdc95812dd870c1ad432ad01831171ccec77caca39d6e"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter11-Power Amplifiers "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg371"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 20.##collector voltage\n",
+ "RL = 12.##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "Pi_dc = (VCC**2)/(2.*RL)##input power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pi(dc) = (VCC^2)/(2*RL) = \",(Pi_dc),\"W\")\n",
+ "Po_ac = (VCC**2)/(8.*RL)##output power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Po_ac = (VCC^2)/(8*RL) = \",(Po_ac),\"W\")\n",
+ "eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc##efficiency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc = \",(eta*100.),\"%\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : has modifed variables:\n",
+ "## using Po_ac instead of Po(ac)\n",
+ "## and Pi_dc instead of Pi(dc).\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note: there is a misprinting in the above problem given in the textbook \n",
+ "## author want to ask for efficiency instead of frequency.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 20.00 V\n",
+ "RL = 12.00 ohm\n",
+ "Pi(dc) = (VCC^2)/(2*RL) = 16.67 W\n",
+ "Po_ac = (VCC^2)/(8*RL) = 4.17 W\n",
+ "eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc = 25.00 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg371"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Po_ac = 64.##output power\n",
+ "eta = 0.3##efficiency\n",
+ "Pi_dc = Po_ac/eta##input power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Po_ac = \",(Po_ac),\"W\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = \",(eta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pi_dc = Po_ac/eta = \",(Pi_dc),\"W\")\n",
+ "power_losses = Pi_dc - Po_ac##power losses\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Power losses = Pi_dc - Po_ac = \",(power_losses),\"W\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : has modifed variables:\n",
+ "## using Po_ac instead of Po(ac)\n",
+ "## and Pi_dc instead of Pi(dc).\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Po_ac = 64.00 W\n",
+ "eta = 0.30 \n",
+ "Pi_dc = Po_ac/eta = 213.33 W\n",
+ "Power losses = Pi_dc - Po_ac = 149.33 W\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg372"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCEmax = 18.## highest value for collector emitter voltage\n",
+ "VCEmin = 2.## lowest value for collector emitter voltage\n",
+ "VQ = 9.##operating point voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCEmin = \",(VCEmin),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCEmax = \",(VCEmax),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VQ = \",(VQ),\"V\")\n",
+ "D2 = ((1./2.)*(VCEmax + VCEmin) - VQ)/(VCEmax - VCEmin)*100.##second harmonic distortion\n",
+ "print(\"D2 = ((1/2)*(VCEmax + VCEmin) - VQ)/(VCEmax - VCEmin)*100\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\" =\",(D2),\"%\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : for above problem there is a misprint for the formula given in solution in the textbook\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCEmin = 2.00 V\n",
+ "VCEmax = 18.00 V\n",
+ "VQ = 9.00 V\n",
+ "D2 = ((1/2)*(VCEmax + VCEmin) - VQ)/(VCEmax - VCEmin)*100\n",
+ " = 6.25 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg372"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##according to the given eqution for output current, we have:\n",
+ "I1 = 5.0\n",
+ "I2 = 0.9\n",
+ "I3 = 0.6\n",
+ "I4 = 0.3\n",
+ "I5 = 0.01\n",
+ "D2 = I2/I1## second harmonic distortion\n",
+ "D3 = I3/I1##third harmonic distortion\n",
+ "D4 = I4/I1##fourth harmonic distortion\n",
+ "D5 = I5/I1##fifth harmonic distortion\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"I1 = \",(I1),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"I2 = \",(I2),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"I3 = \",(I3),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"I4 = \",(I4),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"I5 = \",(I5),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"D2 = I2/I1 = \",(D2),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"D3 = I3/I1 = \",(D3),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"D4 = I4/I1 = \",(D4),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"D5 = I5/I1 = \",(D5),\"\")\n",
+ "D = ((D2**2.)+(D3**2)+(D4**2.)+(D5**2))**(1/2.)##total harmonic distortion\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"D = [(D2^2)+(D3^2)+(D4^2)+(D5^2)]^(1/2) = \",(D*100),\"%\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "I1 = 5.00 A\n",
+ "I2 = 0.90 A\n",
+ "I3 = 0.60 A\n",
+ "I4 = 0.30 A\n",
+ "I5 = 0.01 A\n",
+ "D2 = I2/I1 = 0.18 \n",
+ "D3 = I3/I1 = 0.12 \n",
+ "D4 = I4/I1 = 0.06 \n",
+ "D5 = I5/I1 = 0.00 \n",
+ "D = [(D2^2)+(D3^2)+(D4^2)+(D5^2)]^(1/2) = 22.45 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg373"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 9.##collector voltage\n",
+ "Vp = 5.##output peak voltage\n",
+ "VQ = VCC##operating point\n",
+ "VCEmax = VQ + Vp## maximum value of collector emitter voltage\n",
+ "VCEmin = VQ - Vp## minimum value of collector emitter voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VQ = VCC = \",(VQ),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCEmax = VQ + Vp = \",(VCEmax),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCEmin = VQ - Vp = \",(VCEmin),\"V\")\n",
+ "eta = 50.*((VCEmax - VCEmin)/(VCEmax + VCEmin))##amplifier efficiency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = 50*[(VCEmax - VCEmin)/(VCEmax + VCEmin)] = \",(eta),\"%\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 9.00 V\n",
+ "Vp = 5.00 V\n",
+ "VQ = VCC = 9.00 V\n",
+ "VCEmax = VQ + Vp = 14.00 V\n",
+ "VCEmin = VQ - Vp = 4.00 V\n",
+ "eta = 50*[(VCEmax - VCEmin)/(VCEmax + VCEmin)] = 27.78 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg373"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 20.##collector voltage\n",
+ "RL = 10.##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "Pi_dc = (VCC**2)/(RL)##input power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pi(dc) = (VCC^2)/(RL) = \",(Pi_dc),\"W\")\n",
+ "Po_ac = (VCC**2)/(2.*RL)##output power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Po_ac = (VCC^2)/(2*RL) = \",(Po_ac),\"W\")\n",
+ "eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc##efficiency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc = \",(eta*100.),\"%\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : has modifed variables:\n",
+ "## using Po_ac instead of Po(ac)\n",
+ "## and Pi_dc instead of Pi(dc).\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 20.00 V\n",
+ "RL = 10.00 ohm\n",
+ "Pi(dc) = (VCC^2)/(RL) = 40.00 W\n",
+ "Po_ac = (VCC^2)/(2*RL) = 20.00 W\n",
+ "eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc = 50.00 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg373"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RL = 3.6*10**3##output impedence of power amplifier\n",
+ "RL_dash = 4.##resistance of speaker\n",
+ "n = (RL/RL_dash)**.5##turns ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\") \n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL_dash = \",(RL_dash),\"ohm\") \n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"n = RL/RL_dash = \",(n),\"\") \n",
+ "print(\"trun of ratio\")\n",
+ "print( \"30 : 1\")\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RL = 3600.00 ohm\n",
+ "RL_dash = 4.00 ohm\n",
+ "n = RL/RL_dash = 30.00 \n",
+ "trun of ratio\n",
+ "30 : 1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg373"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_8\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 15.##collector voltage\n",
+ "Vp = 12.##output peak voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n",
+ "eta = 78.5*(Vp/VCC)##amplifier efficiency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = 78.5*(Vp/VCC) = \",(eta),\"%\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 15.00 V\n",
+ "Vp = 12.00 V\n",
+ "eta = 78.5*(Vp/VCC) = 62.80 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg374"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_9\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 25.##collector voltage\n",
+ "Vi = 9.##inout rms voltage\n",
+ "RL = 10.##load resistnce\n",
+ "Vi_peak = 1.414*Vi##input peak voltage\n",
+ "Vo = Vi_peak##output peak voltage\n",
+ "Po_ac = (Vo**2)/(2.*RL)##output power\n",
+ "Io = Vo/RL##output current\n",
+ "IC = (2./math.pi)*Io##collector current\n",
+ "Pi_dc = VCC*IC##input power\n",
+ "eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc##efficiency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vi = \",(Vi),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vi_peak = (2^2)Vi = \",(Vi_peak),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vo = Vi_peak = \",(Vo),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Po_ac = (Vo^2)/(2*RL) = \",(Po_ac),\"W\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Io = Vo/RL = \",(Io),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IC = (2/%pi)*Io = \",(IC),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pi_dc = VCC*IC = \",(Pi_dc),\"W\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc = \",(eta*100.),\"%\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 25.00 V\n",
+ "Vi = 9.00 V\n",
+ "RL = 10.00 ohm\n",
+ "Vi_peak = (2^2)Vi = 12.73 V\n",
+ "Vo = Vi_peak = 12.73 V\n",
+ "Po_ac = (Vo^2)/(2*RL) = 8.10 W\n",
+ "Io = Vo/RL = 1.27 A\n",
+ "IC = (2/%pi)*Io = 0.81 A\n",
+ "Pi_dc = VCC*IC = 20.25 W\n",
+ "eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc = 39.98 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg375"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_10\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 18.##collector voltage\n",
+ "Vp = 15.##output peak voltage\n",
+ "RL = 12.##load resistnce\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "Ip = Vp/RL##output peak current\n",
+ "Idc = (2./math.pi)*Ip##input direct current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ip = Vp/RL = \",(Ip),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Idc = (2/%pi)*Ip = \",(Idc),\"A\")\n",
+ "Pi_dc = VCC*Idc##input power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pi_dc = VCC*Idc = \",(Pi_dc),\"W\")\n",
+ "Po_ac = (Vp**2.)/(2.*RL)##output power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Po_ac = (Vp^2)/(2*RL) = \",(Po_ac),\"W\")\n",
+ "eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc##efficiency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc = \",(eta*100.),\"%\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 18.00 V\n",
+ "Vp = 15.00 V\n",
+ "RL = 12.00 ohm\n",
+ "Ip = Vp/RL = 1.25 A\n",
+ "Idc = (2/%pi)*Ip = 0.80 A\n",
+ "Pi_dc = VCC*Idc = 14.32 W\n",
+ "Po_ac = (Vp^2)/(2*RL) = 9.38 W\n",
+ "eta = Po_ac/Pi_dc = 65.45 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg375"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_11\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vop_p = 7.##peak to peap output voltage\n",
+ "Vip_p = 100.*10**-3##peak to peap input voltage\n",
+ "Av = Vop_p/Vip_p\n",
+ "print(\"Av = output voltage/input voltage\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\" = \",(Av),\"\")##voltage gain\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av = output voltage/input voltage\n",
+ " = 70.00 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12-pg375"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_12\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Ai = 50.##current gain\n",
+ "Av = 70.##voltage gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = \",(Ai),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "Ap = Ai*Av##power gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ap = Ai*Av = \",(Ap),\"\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Ai = 50.00 \n",
+ "Av = 70.00 \n",
+ "Ap = Ai*Av = 3500.00 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex13-pg375"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_13\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "vc = 9.##collector voltage\n",
+ "ic = 3.*10**-3##collector current\n",
+ "Pd = vc*ic##power dissipated at collector junction\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"vc = \",(vc),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"ic = \",(ic),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pd = vc*ic = \",(Pd),\"W\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "vc = 9.00 V\n",
+ "ic = 0.0030 A\n",
+ "Pd = vc*ic = 0.03 W\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14-pg376"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex11_14\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Pac = 3.2*10**-3##output power\n",
+ "Pd = 27.*10**-3##power dissipated collector junction\n",
+ "P_eta = Pac/Pd##power efficiency\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"Pac = \",(Pac),\"W\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pd = \",(Pd),\"W\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"P_eta = Pac/Pd = \",(P_eta*100),\"%\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Pac = 0.0032 W\n",
+ "Pd = 0.03 W\n",
+ "P_eta = Pac/Pd = 11.85 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter13.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter13.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..e590509f --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter13.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:a4b3441bd4777b1f4f74984d78b8aa7d5a0397bbd623e5e34e1bdf797e40e04f"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter13- Oscillators"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg411"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex13_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "A = 100.##amplification gain\n",
+ "A_Beta = 1.##for sustain oscillation \n",
+ "Beta = A_Beta/A##feeback ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"A = \",(A),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"A_Beta = \",(A_Beta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Beta = \",(Beta),\"\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "A = 100.00 \n",
+ "A_Beta = 1.00 \n",
+ "Beta = 0.01 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg411"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex13_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Rf = 0.5*10**6##feeback resistance\n",
+ "Cf = 100.*10**-12##capacitance across feedback\n",
+ "Rc = 0.5*10**6##critical resistance\n",
+ "f0 = 1./(2.*math.pi*Rf*Cf*(6.+4.*(Rc/Rf))**(1/2.))##frequency of oscillation\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rf = \",(Rf),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Cf = \",(Cf),\"F\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rc = \",(Rc),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"f0 = 1/[2*pi*Rf*Cf*(6+4*(Rc/Rf))^(1/2)] = \",(f0),\"Hz\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rf = 500000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Cf = 1.00e-10 F\n",
+ "Rc = 500000.00 ohm\n",
+ "f0 = 1/[2*pi*Rf*Cf*(6+4*(Rc/Rf))^(1/2)] = 1006.58 Hz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg412"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex13_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Rf = 1.5*10**6##feeback resistance\n",
+ "Cf = 1.*10**-9##capacitance across feedback\n",
+ "f0 = 1./(2.*math.pi*Rf*Cf)##frequency of oscillation\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rf = \",(Rf),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Cf = \",(Cf),\"F\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"f0 = 1/(2*pi*Rf*Cf) = \",(f0),\"Hz\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rf = 1500000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Cf = 1.00e-09 F\n",
+ "f0 = 1/(2*pi*Rf*Cf) = 106.10 Hz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg412"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex13_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C1 = 1.*10**-9##capacitance of capacitor 1\n",
+ "C2 = 10.*10**-9##capacitance of capacitor 2\n",
+ "L = 110.*10**-6##inductance of inductor\n",
+ "beta = C1/C2##feedback factor\n",
+ "f0 = ((C1+C2)/(C1*C2*L))**.5/(2.*math.pi)##operating frequency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C1 = \",(C1),\"F\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C2 = \",(C2),\"F\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"L = \",(L),\"H\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"f0 = ((C1+C2)/(C1*C2*L))^.5/(2*pi) = \",(f0),\"Hz\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note : unit given for inductance \"L\" is wrong in the textook for the above question.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C1 = 1.00e-09 F\n",
+ "C2 = 1.00e-08 F\n",
+ "L = 1.10e-04 H\n",
+ "beta = 1.00e-01 \n",
+ "f0 = ((C1+C2)/(C1*C2*L))^.5/(2*pi) = 503292.12 Hz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter14.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter14.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..a0626b68 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter14.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,229 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:798243531d7475f7ec2b51b77afa9077d4ad095cc3d0ddd34bbd7eecbf88f2d6"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter14-Operational Amplifier and Applications"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg438"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex14_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Ad = 100.##differential gain\n",
+ "Ac = 0.01##common mode gain\n",
+ "CMRR = Ad/Ac##Common Mode Rejection Ratio\n",
+ "CMRR_dB = 20.*math.log10(CMRR)##Common Mode Rejection Ratio in decibles\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ad = \",(Ad),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ac = \",(Ac),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"CMRR = Ad/Ac = \",(CMRR),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"CMRR = \",(CMRR_dB),\"dB\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Ad = 100.00 \n",
+ "Ac = 0.01 \n",
+ "CMRR = Ad/Ac = 10000.00 \n",
+ "CMRR = 80.00 dB\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg439"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex14_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "CMRR_dB = 100.##Common Mode Rejection Ratio in decibles\n",
+ "CMRR = 10**(100./20.)##CMRR as a ratio\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"CMRR = \",(CMRR_dB),\"dB\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"CMRR = 10^(100/20) = \",(CMRR),\"\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "CMRR = 100.00 dB\n",
+ "CMRR = 10^(100/20) = 100000.00 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg439"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex14_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Rf = 10.*10**3##feedback resistance\n",
+ "R1 = 10.*10**3##resistance 1\n",
+ "R2 = 2.*10**3##resistance 2\n",
+ "v1 = 10.##input voltage across resistance 1\n",
+ "v2 = 4.##input voltage across resistance 2\n",
+ "##note: according to the given fig. in the textbook for the question we have:\n",
+ "\n",
+ "vo = -Rf*((v1/R1)+(v2/R2))##output voltage of adder circuit\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rf = \",(Rf),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R1 = \",(R1),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R2 = \",(R2),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v1 = \",(v1),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v2 = \",(v2),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"vo = -Rf*((v1/R1)+(v2/R2)) = \",(vo),\"V\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rf = 10000.00 ohm\n",
+ "R1 = 10000.00 ohm\n",
+ "R2 = 2000.00 ohm\n",
+ "v1 = 10.00 V\n",
+ "v2 = 4.00 V\n",
+ "vo = -Rf*((v1/R1)+(v2/R2)) = -30.00 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg439"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex14_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Rf = 1.*10**3##feedback resistance\n",
+ "R1 = 1.*10**3##resistance 1\n",
+ "R2 = 1.*10**3##resistance 2\n",
+ "R3 = 1.*10**3##resistance 3\n",
+ "v1 = 2.##input voltage 1\n",
+ "v2 = 1.##input voltage 2\n",
+ "v3 = 3.##input voltage 3\n",
+ "vo = -Rf*((v1/R1)+(v2/R2)+(v3/R3))##output voltage of adder circuit\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rf = \",(Rf),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R1 = \",(R1),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R2 = \",(R2),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R3 = \",(R3),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v1 = \",(v1),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v2 = \",(v2),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v3 = \",(v3),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"vo = -Rf*((v1/R1)+(v2/R2)+(v3/R3)) = \",(vo),\"V\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rf = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "R1 = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "R2 = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "R3 = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "v1 = 2.00 V\n",
+ "v2 = 1.00 V\n",
+ "v3 = 3.00 V\n",
+ "vo = -Rf*((v1/R1)+(v2/R2)+(v3/R3)) = -6.00 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg440"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex14_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Af = -20.##closed loop gain of op-amp\n",
+ "R = 10.*10**3##output resistance\n",
+ "Rf = -Af*R##feedback resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Af = \",(Af),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R = \",(R),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rf = -Af/R = \",(Rf),\"ohm\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Af = -20.00 \n",
+ "R = 10000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Rf = -Af/R = 200000.00 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter2.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter2.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..6b10ff1f --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,877 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:ec6af5429388f992cb1468420122d4e393e493b5c03d62f1dfb860ebd6cd8e26"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter2-Passive Component and DC Sources and Circuit Theorems\n",
+ "and Basic Meters"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg44"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Q = 2*10**-6;\n",
+ "V = 10.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Q = \",Q,\"C\")## charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"V = \",V,\"V\") ##voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C = Q/V = \",Q/V,\"F\")##calculation for capacitance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Q = 2.00e-06 C\n",
+ "V = 10.00 V\n",
+ "C = Q/V = 2.00e-07 F\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg44"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C = 10**-6\n",
+ "V = 10.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C =\",(C),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"V = \",(V),\"V\")##voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Q = C*V = \",(C*V),\"C\")##calculation for charge\n",
+ "#conveted in units"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C = 1.00e-06 F\n",
+ "V = 10.00 V\n",
+ "Q = C*V = 1.00e-05 C\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg44"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Q = 5.*(10**-12) ;\n",
+ "V = 50.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Q = \",(Q),\"C\")##charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.7f %s'%(\"V = \",(V),\"V\")##voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C = Q/V = \",(Q/V),\"F\")##calculation for capacitance\n",
+ "#conveted into units"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Q = 5.00e-12 C\n",
+ "V = 50.0000000 V\n",
+ "C = Q/V = 1.00e-13 F\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg45"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "I = 10.*(10**-6)\n",
+ "t= 10.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"I = \",(I),\"A\")##current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"t = \",(t),\"seconds\")##time\n",
+ "print'%s %.1e %s'%(\"Q =\",(I*t),\"* C \")##calculation for charge\n",
+ "#converted into units"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "I = 1.00e-05 A\n",
+ "t = 10.00 seconds\n",
+ "Q = 1.0e-04 * C \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg45"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C = 2.*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
+ "t= 2.\n",
+ "I = 10.*math.pow(10,-6)\n",
+ "Q = I*t\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C = \",(C),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"t = \",(t),\"seconds\")##time\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"I = \",(I),\"A\")##current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Q = I*t = \",(Q),\"C\")##calculation for charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"V = Q/C = \",(Q/C),\"V\")##calculation for voltage\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C = 2.00e-06 F\n",
+ "t = 2.00 seconds\n",
+ "I = 1.00e-05 A\n",
+ "Q = I*t = 2.00e-05 C\n",
+ "V = Q/C = 10.00 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg45"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C = 12* 10** -6\n",
+ "f = 1.0*10**3\n",
+ "Xc = 1./(2.*math.pi*f*C)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C = \",(C),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"at... f = \",(f),\"Hz\")##frequency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Xc = 1/(2*pi*f*C) = \",(1./(2.*math.pi*f*C)),\"ohm\")##calculation for capacitive reactance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C = 1.20e-05 F\n",
+ "at... f = 1000.00 Hz\n",
+ "Xc = 1/(2*pi*f*C) = 13.26 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg46"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C = 0.2*10**-6\n",
+ "f1 = 1.0*10**3\n",
+ "f2 = 50.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C = \",(C),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"at... f = \",(f1),\"Hz\")##frequency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Xc = 1/(2*pi*f*C) = \",(1./(2.*math.pi*f1*C)),\"ohm\")##calculation for capacitive reactance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"at... f = \",(f2),\"Hz\")##frequency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Xc = 1/(2*pi*f*C) = \",(1./(2.*math.pi*f2*C)),\"ohm\")##calculation for capacitive reactance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C = 2.00e-07 F\n",
+ "at... f = 1000.00 Hz\n",
+ "Xc = 1/(2*pi*f*C) = 795.77 ohm\n",
+ "at... f = 50.00 Hz\n",
+ "Xc = 1/(2*pi*f*C) = 15915.49 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg46"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_8\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C1 = 0.5*10**-6\n",
+ "C2 = 0.5*10**-6\n",
+ "CT = (C1*C2)/(C1+C2)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C1 = \",(C1),\"F\")##capacitance 1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C1 = \",(C1),\"F\")##capacitance 2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"1/CT = 1/C1 + 1/C2 = (C1*C2)/(C1+C2) = \",(C1*C2/(C1+C2)),\"F\")##series capacitance\n",
+ "## proper ans. = 0.25*10^-6F\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C1 = 5.00e-07 F\n",
+ "C1 = 5.00e-07 F\n",
+ "1/CT = 1/C1 + 1/C2 = (C1*C2)/(C1+C2) = 2.50e-07 F\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg46"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_9\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C1 = 0.2*10**-12\n",
+ "C2 = 0.6*10**-12\n",
+ "C3 = 1.0*10**-12\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C1 = \",(C1),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C2 = \",(C2),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C3 = \",(C3),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"CT = C1+C2+C3 = \",(C1+C2+C3),\"F\")##parallel capacitance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C1 = 2.00e-13 F\n",
+ "C2 = 6.00e-13 F\n",
+ "C3 = 1.00e-12 F\n",
+ "CT = C1+C2+C3 = 1.80e-12 F\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg47"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_10\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C = 10.*10**-6\n",
+ "V = 100.\n",
+ "W = C*(V**2)/2.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C = \",(C),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"V = \",(V),\"V\")##voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"W = C*(V^2)/2 = \",(W),\"Joules\")##calculating for energy stored\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C = 1.00e-05 F\n",
+ "V = 1.00e+02 V\n",
+ "W = C*(V^2)/2 = 0.05 Joules\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg48"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_11\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C = 10.*10**-6\n",
+ "delta_V = 100.\n",
+ "delta_t = 10.\n",
+ "ic = C*delta_V/delta_t\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C = \",(C),\"F\")##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"delta_V = \",(delta_V),\"V\")##change in voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"delta_t = \",(delta_t),\"sec\")##change in time\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ic = C*(delta delta_V/delta_t) = \",(ic),\"A\")##calculation for instantaneous current\n",
+ "#conveted into units"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C = 1.00e-05 F\n",
+ "delta_V = 100.00 V\n",
+ "delta_t = 10.00 sec\n",
+ "ic = C*(delta delta_V/delta_t) = 1.00e-04 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12-pg50"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_12\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Ii = 10\n",
+ "If = 15\n",
+ "delta_t = 2\n",
+ "dI = Ii - If\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ii = \",(Ii),\"A\")##initial current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"If = \",(If),\"A\")##final current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"delta_t = \",(delta_t),\"sec\")##time taken to change current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"dI/dt = \",(abs(dI)/delta_t),\"Amp/sec.\")##calculation for rate of change of current\n",
+ "##wronge answer given in the textbook i.e. 0.5 Amp/sec.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Ii = 10.00 A\n",
+ "If = 15.00 A\n",
+ "delta_t = 2.00 sec\n",
+ "dI/dt = 2.00 Amp/sec.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex13-pg50"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_13\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "r = 5.0##rate of current change\n",
+ "vL = 50.##induced voltage\n",
+ "L = vL/(r)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"diL/dt = \",(r),\"A/s\")##rate of current change \n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"vL = \",(vL),\"V\")\n",
+ "print(\"vL = L*(diL/dt)\") \n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L = vL/(diL/dt) = \",(L),\" Henry\")##calculation for inductane\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "diL/dt = 5.00 A/s\n",
+ "vL = 50.00 V\n",
+ "vL = L*(diL/dt)\n",
+ "L = vL/(diL/dt) = 10.00 Henry\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14-pg51"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_14\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "I = 5.\n",
+ "L = 5.\n",
+ "WL = L*(I**2)/2.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"I = \",(I),\"A\")##current flow\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L = \",(L),\"H\")##inductance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"WL= \",(WL),\"joules\")##energy stored\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "I = 5.00 A\n",
+ "L = 5.00 H\n",
+ "WL= 62.50 joules\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 18
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex15-pg52"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_15\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "flux1 = 100.*10**-6\n",
+ "flux2 = 50.*10**-6\n",
+ "flux12 = flux1 - flux2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"flux1 = \",(flux1),\"Wb\")##flux of coil 1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"flux2 = \",(flux2),\"Wb\")##flux of coil 2\n",
+ "print(\"K = flux linkage between coil 1 and coil 2/flux of coil 1\")##coefficient of coupling\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"total = \",(flux12/flux1),\"\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "flux1 = 1.00e-04 Wb\n",
+ "flux2 = 5.00e-05 Wb\n",
+ "K = flux linkage between coil 1 and coil 2/flux of coil 1\n",
+ "total = 0.50 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 20
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex16-pg52"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_16\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "L1 = 100.*10**-3\n",
+ "L2 = 50.*10**-3\n",
+ "K = 0.3\n",
+ "M = K*(L1*L2)**0.5\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L1 = \",(L1),\"H\")##inductance of coil 1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L2 = \",(L2),\"H\")##inductance of coil 2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"K = \",(K),\"\")##coefficient of coupling\n",
+ "print(\"M = K*(L1*L2)^0.5\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"M = \",(M),\"H\")##mutual inductance\n",
+ "#converted into units"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "L1 = 0.10 H\n",
+ "L2 = 0.05 H\n",
+ "K = 0.30 \n",
+ "M = K*(L1*L2)^0.5\n",
+ "M = 0.02 H\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex17-pg54"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_17\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "L1 = 10.\n",
+ "L2 = 15.\n",
+ "LT = L1 + L2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L1 = \",(L1),\"H\")##inductance of coil 1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L2 = \",(L2),\"H\")##inductance of coil 2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"LT = L1+L2 = \",(LT),\"mH\")##series inductance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "L1 = 10.00 H\n",
+ "L2 = 15.00 H\n",
+ "LT = L1+L2 = 25.00 mH\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 25
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex18-pg55"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_18\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "L1 = 1.\n",
+ "L2 = 5.\n",
+ "LT = (L1*L2)/(L1+L2)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L1 = \",(L1),\"H\")##inductance of coil 1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L2 = \",(L2),\"H\")##inductance of coil 2\n",
+ "print(\"1/LT = 1/L1 + 1/L2\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"LT = (L1*L2)/(L1+L2) = \",(LT),\"mH\")##parallel inductance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "L1 = 1.00 H\n",
+ "L2 = 5.00 H\n",
+ "1/LT = 1/L1 + 1/L2\n",
+ "LT = (L1*L2)/(L1+L2) = 0.83 mH\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 30
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex19-pg61"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_19\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VNL = 50.\n",
+ "VL = 40.\n",
+ "IL = 4.\n",
+ "Rs = (VNL - VL)/IL\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VNL = \",(VNL),\"V\")##no load voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VL = \",(VL),\"V\")##load voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IL = \",(IL),\"A\")##load current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rs = (VNL - VL)/IL = \",(Rs),\"ohm\")##source resistane\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VNL = 50.00 V\n",
+ "VL = 40.00 V\n",
+ "IL = 4.00 A\n",
+ "Rs = (VNL - VL)/IL = 2.50 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 31
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex20-pg61"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_20\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "V = 2.5\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"V1 = V2 = V3 = V4 = \",(V),\"V\")##four batteries of equal voltage connected in series\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VT = V1+V2+V3+V4 = \",(V+V+V+V),\"V\")##resultant voltage(series voltage)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "V1 = V2 = V3 = V4 = 2.50 V\n",
+ "VT = V1+V2+V3+V4 = 10.00 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 32
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex21-pg61"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_20\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "V = 2.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"V1 = V2 = V3 = V4 = \",(V),\"V\")##four batteries of equal voltage connected in series\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VT = V1 = V2 = V3 = V4 = \",(V),\"V\")##parallel voltage\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "V1 = V2 = V3 = V4 = 2.00 V\n",
+ "VT = V1 = V2 = V3 = V4 = 2.00 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 33
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex22-pg66"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex2_22\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##considering the fig. 2.17 given in the question \n",
+ "R1 = 1.\n",
+ "R2 = 3.\n",
+ "R3 = 2.\n",
+ "V = 20.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R1 =\",(R1),\"ohm\")##value of resitance R1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R2 =\",(R2),\"ohm\")##value of resitance R2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R3 =\",(R3),\"ohm\")##value of resitance R3(across A and B terminals, \n",
+ " ##across which thevenin equivalate circuit is need to determine)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"V =\",(V),\"V\")##value of D.C. voltage applied\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##TO FIND THEVENIN'S RESISTANCE (RTH),.. \n",
+ "##CONSIDERING FIG 2.17\n",
+ "## WE REMOVE THE RESISTANCE (R1) ACROSS LOAD TERMINAL AB I.E. \n",
+ "##AND ALSO WE SHORT THE VOLTAGE SOURCE\n",
+ "##NOW ACCORDING TO MODIFIED CIRCUIT\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"1/RTH = 1/R3 + 1/R2 = \",(1/((1/R3)+(1/R2))),\"ohm\")##R1 and R2 are in parallel\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##TO FIND THEVENIN VOLTAGE (VTH),.. \n",
+ "##CONSIDERING FIG 2.17\n",
+ "##WE DISCONNECT LOAD RESISTANCE (R1) AND MADE TERMINAL AB OPEN CIRCUIT\n",
+ "##ACCORDING TO MODIFIED CIRCUIT\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##applying KVL in the loop, to find the amount of current flowing in circuit\n",
+ "##taking current as 'I' amperes\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print(\"V = (R3*I)+(R2*I)\")\n",
+ "I = V/(R2+R3)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"or, I = V/(R2+R3) = \",(I),\"amperes\")\n",
+ "##Voltage drop across R2 resistance = Thevenin voltage\n",
+ "##thus, voltage across AB i.e., thevenin voltage, is given as\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VTH = R2*I = \",(R2*I),\"V\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## NOTE : Notations used in the program are as mentioned in the main fig. 2.17\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "R1 = 1.00 ohm\n",
+ "R2 = 3.00 ohm\n",
+ "R3 = 2.00 ohm\n",
+ "V = 20.00 V\n",
+ "1/RTH = 1/R3 + 1/R2 = 1.20 ohm\n",
+ "V = (R3*I)+(R2*I)\n",
+ "or, I = V/(R2+R3) = 4.00 amperes\n",
+ "VTH = R2*I = 12.00 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 34
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter3.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter3.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..525bb576 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter3.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,816 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:347774940adba930af0901c5733b8bb5d84509910ba09b31d35530c71977fde1"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter3-Electrodynamics and CRO"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg94"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "E = 20*.10**3\n",
+ "e = -(1.6*10**-19)\n",
+ "F = e*E\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"E = \",(E),\"ax V/m\")##initializing electic field\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##intializing electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"F = eE = \",(F),\"ax N\")##calculation for force on electron due to electric field\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## NOTE : answer provided in the textbook is wrong Correct answer is, -3.2*10^16ax N\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "E = 0.02 ax V/m\n",
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "F = eE = -3.20e-21 ax N\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg94"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "E = 50.*10**3\n",
+ "e = -1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "N = 10**6\n",
+ "F = N*e*E\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"E = \",(E),\"az V/m\")##value of Electric field applied\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##value of eletron charge\n",
+ "print(\"N = (N)\")##total number of charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"F = NeE = \",(F),\"az N\")##force on electron\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "E = 50000.00 az V/m\n",
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "N = (N)\n",
+ "F = NeE = -8.00e-09 az N\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg95"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "v = 5.*10**6\n",
+ "e = -1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "B = 20.*10**-6\n",
+ "F = e*v*B\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v = \",(v),\"m/s\")##velocity of electron\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##charge of electron\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"B = \",(B),\"Wb/m-sq\")##magnetic field\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"F = e(VxB) = e*v*B = \",(F),\"N\")##force on the electron due to field\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "v = 5000000.00 m/s\n",
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "B = 2.00e-05 Wb/m-sq\n",
+ "F = e(VxB) = e*v*B = -1.60e-17 N\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg95"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Bx = 40.*10**-6\n",
+ "By = 10.*10**-6\n",
+ "N = 10**6\n",
+ "e = -1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "v = 8.*10**6\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s%.2e %s'%(\"B = \",(Bx),\"ax + \",(By),\"ay Wb/m-sq\")##magnetic field\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"N = \",(N),\"\")##number of electrons\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"v = \",(v),\"ax m/s\")##velocity of electron\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"F = Q(VxB) = \",(e*N*v*By),\" az N\")##force on electron\n",
+ "##as we are taking curl of V and B,.. thus Vx X Bx = 0\n",
+ "##force will be only due to V x By.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "B = 4.00e-05 ax + 1.00e-05 ay Wb/m-sq\n",
+ "N = 1000000.00 \n",
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "v = 8.00e+06 ax m/s\n",
+ "F = Q(VxB) = -1.28e-11 az N\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg95"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "e = -1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "n = 10**6\n",
+ "v = 5.*10**6\n",
+ "J = n*e*v\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##charge of electrons\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"n = \",(n),\" /m-cube\")##electron density\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v = \",(v),\"m/s\")##electron velocity\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"J = nev = \",(abs(J)),\"A/m-sq\")##current density\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "n = 1000000.00 /m-cube\n",
+ "v = 5000000.00 m/s\n",
+ "J = nev = 8.00e-07 A/m-sq\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg95"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "v = 2*10**7\n",
+ "e = -1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "n = 10**8\n",
+ "J = n*e*v\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v = \",(v),\"m/s\")##velocity of electron\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"n = \",(n),\" /m-cube\")##electron density\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"J = nev = \",(abs(J)),\"A/m-sq\")##current density\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note: formula for current density in the solution in the textbook is misprinted \n",
+ "## also the answer is provide in the textbook for above problem is misprinted.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "v = 20000000.00 m/s\n",
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "n = 100000000.00 /m-cube\n",
+ "J = nev = 3.20e-04 A/m-sq\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg96"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "l = 4.##cycle length\n",
+ "t = 10. *10**-6##scale setting\n",
+ "T = l*t##time period for full cycle\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"T = \",(T),\" s\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Frequency = 1/T = \",(1./T),\"Hz\")##frequency of the signal\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "T = 4.00e-05 s\n",
+ "Frequency = 1/T = 25000.00 Hz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg96"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_8\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vpp = 4.2*10.*10**-3##peak to peak voltage of sinusoidal signal ##notation not used in textbook\n",
+ "Vm = Vpp/2.##maximum positive voltage\n",
+ "Vrms = Vm/(2**.5)##root mean square value of voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% (\"Vm = \",(Vm),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Vrms = Vm/(2^.5) = \",(Vrms),\"V\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vm = 0.02 V\n",
+ "Vrms = Vm/(2^.5) = 1.48e-02 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg96"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_9\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "V = 4.5*10**-3##applied dc voltage\n",
+ "r = 100. ## given resistance\n",
+ "I = V/r##flow of current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"DC voltage = \",(V),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"The current in 100 ohm = \",(I),\"A\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "DC voltage = 4.50e-03 V\n",
+ "The current in 100 ohm = 4.50e-05 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg96"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_10\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "l = .03\n",
+ "d = 0.01\n",
+ "L = 0.18\n",
+ "Va = 1000.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"l = \",(l),\"m\")##lenght of deflection plate\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"d = \",(d),\"m\")##plate separation\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L = \",(L),\"m\")##distance of screen from plate\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Va = \",(Va),\"V\")##anode voltage\n",
+ "SE = (l*L)/(2.*d*Va)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"SE = (l*L)/(2*d*Va) = \",(SE),\"m/V\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "l = 0.03 m\n",
+ "d = 0.01 m\n",
+ "L = 0.18 m\n",
+ "Va = 1000.00 V\n",
+ "SE = (l*L)/(2*d*Va) = 2.70e-04 m/V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg97"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_11\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "print(\"fm = BIL\")##formula used for finding FORCE ON CURRENT ELEMENT\n",
+ "B = 2.0\n",
+ "IL = 10.*10**-3\n",
+ "fm = B*IL\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"B = \",(B),\"Wb/m-sq\")##magnetic field\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IL = \",(IL),\"A-m\")##current element\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"fm =\",(fm),\"Newton\")##answer print'%s %.2f %s'%layed\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "fm = BIL\n",
+ "B = 2.00 Wb/m-sq\n",
+ "IL = 0.01 A-m\n",
+ "fm = 0.02 Newton\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12-pg97"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_12\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "print(\"v = (2*e*Va/m)^.5\")##formula used to calculate velocity of electrons\n",
+ "e = -1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "m = 9.1*10**-31\n",
+ "Va = 3.0*10**3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"m = \",(m),\"Kg\")##mass of electron\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Va = \",(Va),\"V\")##potential difference = anode voltage\n",
+ "v = abs((2*e*Va/m))**.5\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v = \",(v),\"m/s\")\n",
+ "W = e*Va##kinetic energy\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"W = e*Va = \",(W),\"joules\")##Kinetic energy\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "v = (2*e*Va/m)^.5\n",
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "m = 9.10e-31 Kg\n",
+ "Va = 3000.00 V\n",
+ "v = 32479917.72 m/s\n",
+ "W = e*Va = -4.80e-16 joules\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 18
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex13-pg97"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_13\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "e = -1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "m = 9.1*10**-31\n",
+ "Va = 400.\n",
+ "v = (abs(2.*e*Va/m))**.5\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"m = \",(m),\"Kg\")##mass of electron\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Va = \",(Va),\"V\")##anode voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v = (2*e*Va/m)^.5 = \",(v),\"m/s\")##formula used to calculate velocity of electrons\n",
+ "##as electron traces a circular path, radius of circular path\n",
+ "H = 47.75\n",
+ "micro_not = 4.*math.pi*10**-7\n",
+ "B = H*micro_not\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"B = \",(B),\"Wb/m-sq\")\n",
+ "r = (v/(e/m)/B)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"r = (v/(e/m))/B = \",(r),\"m\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## NOTE : Question is incompletely solved in the textbook\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "m = 9.10e-31 Kg\n",
+ "Va = 400.00 V\n",
+ "v = (2*e*Va/m)^.5 = 11859989.07 m/s\n",
+ "B = 6.00e-05 Wb/m-sq\n",
+ "r = (v/(e/m))/B = -1.12 m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 19
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14-pg98"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_14\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "l = 22.\n",
+ "d = 1.5\n",
+ "Va = 625.\n",
+ "e = 1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "m = 9.1*10**-31\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"l = \",(l),\"cm\")##distance from location of magnetic field\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"d = \",(d),\"cm\")##length over which magnetic field is present\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Va = \",(Va),\"V\")##voltage applied to anode\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"m = \",(m),\"Kg\")##mass of electron\n",
+ "SH = l*10**-2*d*10**-2*(e/(2.*m*Va))**.5\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"SH = D/B = l*d*(e/(2*m*Va))^.5 = \",(SH),\"m/tesla\")##magnetic deflection sensitivity in terms of meter and tesla\n",
+ "## as B = micro_not*H\n",
+ "micro_not = 4.*math.pi*10**-7\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"SH = D/H = micro_not*l*d*(e/(2*m*Va))^.5 = \",(SH*micro_not),\"m-sq/Amp.\")##magnetic deflection sensitivity in terms of meter and amperes\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "l = 22.00 cm\n",
+ "d = 1.50 cm\n",
+ "Va = 625.00 V\n",
+ "e = 1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "m = 9.10e-31 Kg\n",
+ "SH = D/B = l*d*(e/(2*m*Va))^.5 = 39.14 m/tesla\n",
+ "SH = D/H = micro_not*l*d*(e/(2*m*Va))^.5 = 4.92e-05 m-sq/Amp.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 20
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex15-pg98"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_15\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vd = 50.\n",
+ "d = 1.\n",
+ "print(\"(a)\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vd = \",(Vd),\"V\")##voltage applied to deflection plates\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"d = \",(d),\"cm\")##plate separation\n",
+ "E = Vd/d/10**-2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"E = Vd/d = \",(E),\"V/m\")##electric field produced\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print(\"(b)\")\n",
+ "e = -1.6*10**-19\n",
+ "m = 9.1*10**-31\n",
+ "Va = 500.\n",
+ "v = abs((2.*e*Va/m))**.5\n",
+ "print(\"v = (2*e*Va/m)^.5\")## formula for Velocity OF Electron\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"e = \",(e),\"C\")##electron charge\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"m = \",(m),\"Kg\")##mass of electron\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Va = \",(Va),\"V\")##voltage applied at anode\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"v = \",(v),\"m/s\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print(\"(c)\")\n",
+ "l = 2.\n",
+ "L = 30.\n",
+ "Va = 500.\n",
+ "SE = l*L/2./Va/d*10.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"l = \",(l),\"cm\")##length of deflection plate\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L = \",(L),\"cm\")##distance between plates and screen\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"d = \",(d),\"cm\")##plate separation\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Va = \",(Va),\"V\")##anode voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"SE = (l*L)/(2*Va*d) = \",(SE),\"mm/volts\")##Electrostatic deflection sensitivity\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a)\n",
+ "Vd = 50.00 V\n",
+ "d = 1.00 cm\n",
+ "E = Vd/d = 5000.00 V/m\n",
+ "(b)\n",
+ "v = (2*e*Va/m)^.5\n",
+ "e = -1.60e-19 C\n",
+ "m = 9.10e-31 Kg\n",
+ "Va = 500.00 V\n",
+ "v = 13259870.88 m/s\n",
+ "(c)\n",
+ "l = 2.00 cm\n",
+ "L = 30.00 cm\n",
+ "d = 1.00 cm\n",
+ "Va = 500.00 V\n",
+ "SE = (l*L)/(2*Va*d) = 0.60 mm/volts\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 21
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex16-pg98"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_16\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##considering Lissajous pattern given in question\n",
+ "y1 = 0.\n",
+ "y2 = 5.\n",
+ "phi = math.asin(y1/y2)*57.3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"y1 = \",(y1),\"cm\")##minor axis\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"y2 = \",(y2),\"cm\")##major axis\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"phi = sin-1(y1/y2) = \",(phi),\"degree\")##phase difference\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "y1 = 0.00 cm\n",
+ "y2 = 5.00 cm\n",
+ "phi = sin-1(y1/y2) = 0.00 degree\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex17-pg100"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_17\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##considering Lissajous pattern given in question\n",
+ "y1 = 4.\n",
+ "y2 = 5.\n",
+ "phi = math.asin(y1/y2)*57.3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"y1 = \",(y1),\"unit\")##minor axis\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"y2 = \",(y2),\"unit\")##major axis\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"phi = sin-1(y1/y2) = \",(phi),\"degree\")##phase difference\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "y1 = 4.00 unit\n",
+ "y2 = 5.00 unit\n",
+ "phi = sin-1(y1/y2) = 53.13 degree\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 23
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex18-pg100"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_16\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##considering Lissajous pattern given in question\n",
+ "y1 = 4.\n",
+ "y2 = 4.\n",
+ "phi = math.asin(y1/y2)*57.3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"y1 = \",(y1),\"cm\")##minor axis\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"y2 = \",(y2),\"cm\")##major axis\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"phi = sin-1(y1/y2) = \",(phi),\"degree\")##phase difference\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "y1 = 4.00 cm\n",
+ "y2 = 4.00 cm\n",
+ "phi = sin-1(y1/y2) = 90.01 degree\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 24
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex19-pg101"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex3_16\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##considering Lissajous pattern given in question\n",
+ "y1 = 2.\n",
+ "y2 = 6.\n",
+ "phi = math.asin(y1/y2)*57.3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"y1 = \",(y1),\"cm\")##minor axis\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"y2 = \",(y2),\"cm\")##major axis\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"phi = sin-1(y1/y2) = \",(phi),\"degree\")##phase difference\n",
+ "print(\"OR\")\n",
+ "phi = 180. - phi\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"phi = \",(phi),\"degree\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "y1 = 2.00 cm\n",
+ "y2 = 6.00 cm\n",
+ "phi = sin-1(y1/y2) = 19.47 degree\n",
+ "OR\n",
+ "phi = 160.53 degree\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 25
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter4.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter4.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..2c170f0a --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter4.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:b5dd4c88b33d9566177e5d14d5448e93091bbef56202314786623f46711c6cd8"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter4-Diode Characteristics and Applications"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg141"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex4_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Irs = 0.2*10**-6\n",
+ "Vf = 0.1\n",
+ "VT = 26.*10**-3\n",
+ "eta = 1.##for germanium\n",
+ "I = Irs*(math.exp(Vf/eta/VT)-1.)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Irs = \",(Irs),\"A\")##reverse saturation current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vf = \",(Vf),\"V\")##applied voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VT = \",(VT),\"V\")##voltage at room temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = \",(eta),\"\")\n",
+ "print(\"I = Irs*(math.exp(Vf/eta/VT)-1)\")##current at room temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"I = \",(I),\"A\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##current in silicon:\n",
+ "eta = 2.##for silicon\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = \",(eta),\"\")\n",
+ "I = Irs*(math.exp(Vf/eta/VT)-1.)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"I = \",(I),\"A\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note: incomplete solution in textbook for above question.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Irs = 2.00e-07 A\n",
+ "Vf = 0.10 V\n",
+ "VT = 0.03 V\n",
+ "eta = 1.00 \n",
+ "I = Irs*(math.exp(Vf/eta/VT)-1)\n",
+ "I = 9.16e-06 A\n",
+ "eta = 2.00 \n",
+ "I = 1.17e-06 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg141"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex4_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Irs = 2.0*10**-6\n",
+ "I = 10.*10**-3\n",
+ "VT = 26.*10**-3\n",
+ "eta = 2##for silicon\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Irs = \",(Irs),\"A\")##reverse saturation current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"I = \",(I),\"A\")##forward current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VT = \",(VT),\"V\")##voltage at room temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = \",(eta),\"\")\n",
+ "Vf = eta*VT*math.log((I/Irs)+1)##voltage produced\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vf = eta*VT*log((I/Irs)+1) = \",(Vf),\"V\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Irs = 2.00e-06 A\n",
+ "I = 0.01 A\n",
+ "VT = 0.03 V\n",
+ "eta = 2.00 \n",
+ "Vf = eta*VT*log((I/Irs)+1) = 0.44 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg142"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex4_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "If = 3.*10**-3##forward current\n",
+ "eta = 1.##for germanium\n",
+ "T = 300.##room temperature\n",
+ "VT = T/11600.##voltage at room temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"If = \",(If),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = \",(eta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"T = \",(T),\"degreeK\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VT = \",(VT),\"V\")\n",
+ "Rdf = (eta*VT/If)##dynamic resistance at room temprature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rdf = (eta*VT/If) = \",(Rdf),\"ohm\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "If = 3.00e-03 A\n",
+ "eta = 1.00 \n",
+ "T = 300.00 degreeK\n",
+ "VT = 0.03 V\n",
+ "Rdf = (eta*VT/If) = 8.62 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg142"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex4_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "A = 4*10**-6\n",
+ "W = 1.5*10**-6\n",
+ "apsilent_r = 16.##for germanium\n",
+ "apsilent_not = 8.85*10**-12##permitivity in vaccum\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"A = \",(A),\"m_sq\")##cross sectional are\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"W = \",(W),\"m\")##width of depletion layer\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"apsient_r = \",(apsilent_r),\"\")##relative permittivity\n",
+ "print(\"CT = apsilent*A/W\")##transition capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\" = \",(apsilent_r*apsilent_not*A/W),\"F\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note: units given in textbook in the solution for cross sectional area and width are misprinted.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "A = 4.00e-06 m_sq\n",
+ "W = 1.50e-06 m\n",
+ "apsient_r = 1.60e+01 \n",
+ "CT = apsilent*A/W\n",
+ " = 3.78e-10 F\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg142"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex4_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "I = 10.*10**-3\n",
+ "eta = 1##for germanium\n",
+ "VT = 26.*10**-3\n",
+ "tawo = 6.*10**-3\n",
+ "CD = I*tawo/eta/VT\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"I = \",(I),\"A\")##forward current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta = \",(eta),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VT = \",(VT),\"V\")##voltagr at room temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"tawo = \",(tawo),\"sec\")##mean lifetime\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"CD = I*tao/eta/VT = \",(CD),\"F\")##\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "I = 0.01 A\n",
+ "eta = 1.00 \n",
+ "VT = 0.03 V\n",
+ "tawo = 0.01 sec\n",
+ "CD = I*tao/eta/VT = 2.31e-03 F\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter5.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter5.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..e46e0098 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter5.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,652 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:9bcdbe2bb929b70831fd7821b41c25df75a08d35534a4d4ce456209e7964dbaa"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter5-Rectifier and DC Power Supplies"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg173"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vm = 24.\n",
+ "RL = 1.8*10**3\n",
+ "Im = Vm/RL\n",
+ "Irms = Im/2.\n",
+ "Idc = Im/(math.pi)\n",
+ "r = ((Irms/Idc)**2. - 1.)**.5\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vm = \",(Vm),\"V\")##applied voltage to half wave rectifier\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Im = Vm/RL = \",(Im),\"A\")##peak current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Irms = Im/2 = \",(Irms),\"A\")##rms current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Idc = Im/pi = \",(Idc),\"A\")##D.C. current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"r= \",(r),\"\")##ripple factor\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vm = 24.00 V\n",
+ "RL = 1800.00 ohm\n",
+ "Im = Vm/RL = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Irms = Im/2 = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Idc = Im/pi = 4.24e-03 A\n",
+ "r= 1.21 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg173"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_2\n",
+ "import math \n",
+ "Vm = 18.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##in half wave circuit\n",
+ "Vdc = Vm/math.pi\n",
+ "PIV = Vm\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vm = \",(Vm),\"V\")##peak voltage to rectifier\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vdc = Vm/pi = \",(Vdc),\"V\")##D.C. voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PIV = Vm = \",(PIV),\"V\")##peak inverse voltage\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##in full wave circuit\n",
+ "Vdc = (2.*Vm/math.pi)\n",
+ "PIV = 2.*Vm\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vdc = 2*Vm/pi = \",(Vdc),\"V\")##D.C. voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PIV = 2*Vm = \",(PIV),\"V\")##peak inverse voltage for center trapped\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##in full wave Bridge rectifier\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PIV = Vm = \",(Vm),\"V\")##peak inverse voltage\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vm = 18.00 V\n",
+ "Vdc = Vm/pi = 5.73 V\n",
+ "PIV = Vm = 18.00 V\n",
+ "Vdc = 2*Vm/pi = 11.46 V\n",
+ "PIV = 2*Vm = 36.00 V\n",
+ "PIV = Vm = 18.00 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg174"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vm = 12.\n",
+ "RL = 1.5*10**3\n",
+ "Im = Vm/RL\n",
+ "Irms = Im/(2**.5)\n",
+ "Idc = (2.*Im/math.pi)\n",
+ "r =(((Irms/Idc)**2)-1.)**.5\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vm = \",(Vm),\"V\")##peak voltage to full rectifier\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Im = Vm/RL = \",(Im),\"A\")##peak current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Irms = Im/(2^0.5) = \",(Irms),\"A\")##rms current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Idc = (2*Im/pi) = \",(Idc),\"A\")##D.C. current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"r= \",(r),\"\")##ripple factor\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vm = 12.00 V\n",
+ "Im = Vm/RL = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Irms = Im/(2^0.5) = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Idc = (2*Im/pi) = 0.01 A\n",
+ "r= 0.48 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg174"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Idc = 10*10**-3\n",
+ "Irms = 14*10**-3\n",
+ "RL = 1*10**3\n",
+ "Pdc = (Idc**2)*RL\n",
+ "Pac = (Irms**2)*RL\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Idc = \",(Idc),\"A\")##D.C. current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Irms = \",(Irms),\"A\")##rms current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pdc = (Idc^2)*RL = \",(Pdc),\"W\")##D.C. power \n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pac = (Irms^2)*RL = \",(Pac),\"W\")##A.C. power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta_r = Pdc/Pac = \",(Pdc/Pac*100),\"%\")##Rectification efficiency\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Idc = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Irms = 0.01 A\n",
+ "RL = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Pdc = (Idc^2)*RL = 0.10 W\n",
+ "Pac = (Irms^2)*RL = 0.20 W\n",
+ "eta_r = Pdc/Pac = 51.02 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg175"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "print(\"v = 12 sin(wt)\")\n",
+ "Vm = 12.\n",
+ "RL = 1*10**3\n",
+ "Rf = 10.\n",
+ "Im = Vm/(RL+Rf)\n",
+ "Idc =Im/math.pi\n",
+ "Vdc = Idc*RL\n",
+ "Irms = Im/2.\n",
+ "Pi = (Irms**2)*(RL+Rf)\n",
+ "VNL = Vm/math.pi\n",
+ "VL = Idc*RL\n",
+ "Regulation = (VNL - VL)/VL\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vm = \",(Vm),\"V\")##amplitude of applied signal\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rf = \",(Rf),\"ohm\")##forward resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Im = Vm/(RL+Rf) = \",(Im),\"A\")##peak current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Idc = Im/pi = \",(Idc),\"A\")##D.C. current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vdc = Idc*RL = \",(Vdc),\"V\")##D.C, voltage\n",
+ "print(\"Pi = (Irms^2)*(RL+Rf)\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Irms = Im/2 = \",(Irms),\"A\")##rms current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Pi = \",(Pi),\"W\")##input power\n",
+ "print(\"%Regulation = (VNL - VL)/VL\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VNL = Vm/pi = \",(VNL),\"V\")##non load voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VL = Idc*RL = \",(VL),\"\")##load voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"%Regulation = \",(Regulation*100),\"%\")##percentage regulation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## NOTE : THE POWER CALCULATED IN THE TEXTBOOK IS WRONG.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "v = 12 sin(wt)\n",
+ "Vm = 12.00 V\n",
+ "RL = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Rf = 10.00 ohm\n",
+ "Im = Vm/(RL+Rf) = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Idc = Im/pi = 0.00 A\n",
+ "Vdc = Idc*RL = 3.78 V\n",
+ "Pi = (Irms^2)*(RL+Rf)\n",
+ "Irms = Im/2 = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Pi = 0.04 W\n",
+ "%Regulation = (VNL - VL)/VL\n",
+ "VNL = Vm/pi = 3.82 V\n",
+ "VL = Idc*RL = 3.78 \n",
+ "%Regulation = 1.00 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg176"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vdc = 15.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vdc = \",(Vdc),\"V\")##applied D.C. voltage\n",
+ "##Half Wave Rectifier\n",
+ "Vm = math.pi*Vdc\n",
+ "PIV = Vm\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vm = Vdc*pi = \",(Vm),\"V\")##D.C. voltage for half wave rectifier\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PIV = Vm = \",(PIV),\"V\")##peak inverse voltage for half wave rectifier\n",
+ "##Full Wave Rectifier\n",
+ "Vm = math.pi*Vdc/2.\n",
+ "PIV = 2.*Vm\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vm = Vdc*pi/2 = \",(Vm),\"V\")##D.C. voltage for full wave rectifier\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PIV = 2*Vm = \",(PIV),\"V\")##peak inverse voltage for full wave rectifier\n",
+ "##Bridge Rectifier\n",
+ "Vm = math.pi*Vdc/2.\n",
+ "PIV = Vm\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vm = Vdc*pi/2 = \",(Vm),\"V\")##D.C. voltage for bridge rectifier\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PIV = Vm = \",(PIV),\"V\")##peak inverse voltage for bridge rectifier\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vdc = 15.00 V\n",
+ "Vm = Vdc*pi = 47.12 V\n",
+ "PIV = Vm = 47.12 V\n",
+ "Vm = Vdc*pi/2 = 23.56 V\n",
+ "PIV = 2*Vm = 47.12 V\n",
+ "Vm = Vdc*pi/2 = 23.56 V\n",
+ "PIV = Vm = 23.56 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg179"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_11\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Rf = 10.\n",
+ "RL = 150.\n",
+ "eta_r = 40.6/(1.+Rf/RL)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rf = \",(Rf),\"ohm\")##forward resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta_r = 40.6/(1+Rf/RL) = \",(eta_r),\"%\")##rectification efficiency\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rf = 10.00 ohm\n",
+ "RL = 150.00 ohm\n",
+ "eta_r = 40.6/(1+Rf/RL) = 38.06 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12-pg180"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_12\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Rf = 12.5\n",
+ "RL = 100.\n",
+ "eta_r = 80.1/(1.+Rf/RL)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rf = \",(Rf),\"ohm\")##forward resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"eta_r = 80.1/(1+Rf/RL) = \",(eta_r),\"%\")##rectification efficiency\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rf = 12.50 ohm\n",
+ "RL = 100.00 ohm\n",
+ "eta_r = 80.1/(1+Rf/RL) = 71.20 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex13-pg180"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_13\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vdc = 32.\n",
+ "Vm = math.pi*Vdc/2.\n",
+ "Vrms = Vm/(2**.5)\n",
+ "PIV = Vm\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vdc = \",(Vdc),\"V\")##D.C. voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vm = pi*Vdc/2 = \",(Vm),\"V\")##peak voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vrms = Vm/(2^.5) = \",(Vrms),\"V\")##rms voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PIV = \",(PIV),\"V\")##peak inverse voltage\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : value calculated for Vrms in the textbook is wrong.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vdc = 32.00 V\n",
+ "Vm = pi*Vdc/2 = 50.27 V\n",
+ "Vrms = Vm/(2^.5) = 35.54 V\n",
+ "PIV = 50.27 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14-pg180"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_14\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C = 10.*10**-3\n",
+ "f = 50.\n",
+ "Idc = 200.*10**-3\n",
+ "Vr = Idc/(2.*f*C)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"C = \",(C),\"F\")##circuit capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"f = \",(f),\"Hz\")##operating frequency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Idc = \",(Idc),\"A\")##D.C. current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vr = Idc/(2*f*C) = \",(Vr),\"V\")##ripple voltage\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C = 0.01 F\n",
+ "f = 50.00 Hz\n",
+ "Idc = 0.20 A\n",
+ "Vr = Idc/(2*f*C) = 0.20 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex15-pg180"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_15\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "C = 600.*10**-6\n",
+ "T = 20.*10**-3\n",
+ "Vr = 1.2\n",
+ "Vdc = 9.\n",
+ "Vac =Vr/(2.*(3**.5))\n",
+ "r = Vac/Vdc\n",
+ "Idc = (Vr*C)/(T/2.)\n",
+ "RL = Vdc/Idc\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"C = \",(C),\"F\")##rectifier capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"T = \",(T),\"s\")##time\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vr = \",(Vr),\"V\")##ripple voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vdc = \",(Vdc),\"V\")##D.C. voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vac = \",(Vac),\"V\")##A.C. voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"r = \",(r),\"\")##ripple factor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Idc = \",(Idc),\"A\")##D.C. current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C = 6.00e-04 F\n",
+ "T = 0.02 s\n",
+ "Vr = 1.20 V\n",
+ "Vdc = 9.00 V\n",
+ "Vac = 0.35 V\n",
+ "r = 0.04 \n",
+ "Idc = 0.07 A\n",
+ "RL = 125.00 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex16-pg181"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_16\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "L = 1.## assuming inductance\n",
+ "f = 50.##operating frequency\n",
+ "XL = 2.*math.pi*f*L##inductance\n",
+ "RL = 100.##assuming load resistance\n",
+ "r = .01##ripple factor\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##let, capacitances C1 = C2 = C\n",
+ "##that implies XC1 = XC2 = XC\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"XL = 2*math.pi*f*L = \",(XL),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"r = \",(r),\"\")\n",
+ "XC = ((r*8.*XL*RL)/(2**.5))**.5##capacitive resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"XC = ((r*8*XL*RL)/(2^.5))^.5 = \",(XC),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"XC = 1/wC = 1/(2*pi*f*C) = \",(XC),\"\")\n",
+ "C = 1./(2.*math.pi*f*XC)##capacitance\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"C = 1/(2*pi*f*XC) = \",(C),\"F\")\n",
+ "## thus, design parameters are : \n",
+ "print(\"design parameters:\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"C1 = C2 = \",(C),\"F\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L = \",(L),\"H\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## Note : the calculations done in the textbook for the given problem is wrong.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "XL = 2*math.pi*f*L = 314.16 ohm\n",
+ "r = 0.01 \n",
+ "XC = ((r*8*XL*RL)/(2^.5))^.5 = 42.16 ohm\n",
+ "XC = 1/wC = 1/(2*pi*f*C) = 42.16 \n",
+ "C = 1/(2*pi*f*XC) = 0.0001 F\n",
+ "design parameters:\n",
+ "C1 = C2 = 0.0001 F\n",
+ "RL = 100.00 ohm\n",
+ "L = 1.00 H\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex17-pg182"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex5_17\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "f =50.\n",
+ "print(\"vi = 16 sin(wt)\")\n",
+ "Vdc = 16.\n",
+ "RL = 100.\n",
+ "C1 = 2.*10**-3\n",
+ "C2 = 2.*10**-3\n",
+ "L = 1.0\n",
+ "Idc = Vdc/RL\n",
+ "XC1 = 1./(2.*math.pi*f*C1)\n",
+ "XC2 = 1./(2.*math.pi*f*C2)\n",
+ "XL = 2.*math.pi*f*L\n",
+ "r = ((2**.5)*XC1*XC2)/(8.*XL*RL)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"L = \",(L),\"H\")##inductance\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"C1 = \",(C1),\"F\")##capacitance 1\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"C2 = \",(C2),\"F\")##capacitance 2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"f = \",(f),\"Hz\")##operating frequency\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vdc = \",(Vdc),\"V\")##d.c. voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Idc = Vdc/RL = \",(Idc),\"A\")##d.c. current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"XL = 2*%pi*f*L = \",(XL),\"ohm\")##inductive resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"XC1 = 1/(2*%pi*f*C1) = \",(XC1),\"ohm\")##capacitive resistance due to capacitance 1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"XC2 = 1/(2*%pi*f*C2) = \",(XC2),\"ohm\")##capacitive resistance due to capacitance 2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"r = ((2^.5)*XC1*XC2)/(8*XL*RL) = \",(r),\"\")##ripple factor\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "vi = 16 sin(wt)\n",
+ "L = 1.00 H\n",
+ "C1 = 0.0020 F\n",
+ "C2 = 0.0020 F\n",
+ "RL = 100.00 ohm\n",
+ "f = 50.00 Hz\n",
+ "Vdc = 16.00 V\n",
+ "Idc = Vdc/RL = 0.16 A\n",
+ "XL = 2*%pi*f*L = 314.16 ohm\n",
+ "XC1 = 1/(2*%pi*f*C1) = 1.59 ohm\n",
+ "XC2 = 1/(2*%pi*f*C2) = 1.59 ohm\n",
+ "r = ((2^.5)*XC1*XC2)/(8*XL*RL) = 1.43e-05 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter6.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter6.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..996d7556 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter6.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,650 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:536d2633b46d62b04175e783d1a89133775ceac60adb7277fb34177e8999d317"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter6-Transistor Characteristics And Applications"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg205"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "IB = 40.*10**-6\n",
+ "IC = 3.*10**-3\n",
+ "beta = IC/IB\n",
+ "alpha = beta/(1.+beta)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current \n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = IC/IB = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain in CE configuration\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"alpha = beta/(1+beta) = \",(alpha),\"\")##current gain in CB configuration\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "IB = 4.00e-05 A\n",
+ "IC = 3.00e-03 A\n",
+ "beta = IC/IB = 75.00 \n",
+ "alpha = beta/(1+beta) = 0.99 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg206"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "IE = 1.2*10**-3\n",
+ "beta = 60.\n",
+ "alpha = beta/(1.+beta)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain in CE configuration\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"alpha = beta/(1+beta) = \",(alpha),\"\")##current gain in CB configuraion\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IE = \",(IE),\"A\")##emitter current\n",
+ "IB = IE/(beta+1.)\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = IE/(beta+1) = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = beta*IB = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "beta = 60.00 \n",
+ "alpha = beta/(1+beta) = 0.98 \n",
+ "IE = 0.00 A\n",
+ "IB = IE/(beta+1) = 1.97e-05 A\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB = 1.18e-03 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg206"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "alpha = 0.98\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7\n",
+ "IE = -2.*10**-3\n",
+ "Re = 100.\n",
+ "RL = 3.3*10**3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"alpha = \",(alpha),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##voltage across base-emitter\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IE = \",(IE),\"A\")##emitter current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Re = \",(Re),\"ohm\")##emitter resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "##now according to circuit given for the question in the textbook\n",
+ "IC = -alpha * IE\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = -alpha*IE = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "IB = -IC - IE\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e%s'%(\"IB = -IC - IE = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "VBN = VBE+(abs(IE)*Re)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBN = VBE+(IE*Re) = \",(VBN),\"V\")##voltage across base and ground(N)\n",
+ "##ASSUMING... value for R1 = 30*10^3 ohm\n",
+ "R1 = 30*10**3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R1 = \",(R1),\"ohm\")##resistancfe R1 as given in circuit\n",
+ "I = VBN/R1\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"I = VBN/R1 = \",(I),\"A\")##current across resistance R1\n",
+ "##ASSUMING... VCC = 9V\n",
+ "VCC = 9##collector voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")\n",
+ "VCN = VCC - (RL*(IC+I+IB))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCN = VCC - RL*(IC+I+IB)) = \",(VCN),\"V\")##voltage across collector and ground(N)\n",
+ "## according to the given diagram for the question in the textbook, unknown resistance is,\n",
+ "R = (VCN - VBN)/(I+IB)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R = (VCN - VBN)/(I+IB) = \",(R),\"ohm\")##unknown resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "alpha = 0.98 \n",
+ "VBE = 0.70 V\n",
+ "IE = -2.00e-03 A\n",
+ "Re = 100.00 ohm\n",
+ "RL = 3300.00 ohm\n",
+ "IC = -alpha*IE = 1.96e-03 A\n",
+ "IB = -IC - IE = 4.00e-05A\n",
+ "VBN = VBE+(IE*Re) = 0.90 V\n",
+ "R1 = 30000.00 ohm\n",
+ "I = VBN/R1 = 3.00e-05 A\n",
+ "VCC = 9.00 V\n",
+ "VCN = VCC - RL*(IC+I+IB)) = 2.30 V\n",
+ "R = (VCN - VBN)/(I+IB) = 20014.29 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg207"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RC = 2.3*10**3\n",
+ "Re = 1*10**3\n",
+ "VCC = 12.\n",
+ "VCE = 5.\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7\n",
+ "beta = 50.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RC = \",(RC),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Re = \",(Re),\"ohm\")##emitter resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = \",(VCE),\"V\")##voltage across collector and emitter\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##voltage across base and emitter\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "## according to the given circuit, we have\n",
+ "IB = (VCC - VCE)/((beta+1.)*(RC+Re))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "##from the circuit we have,\n",
+ "Rt = (VCE-VBE)/IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Rt = (VCE - VBE)/IB = \",(Rt),\"ohm\")##resistance Rt as given in circuit\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RC = 2300.00 ohm\n",
+ "Re = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "VCC = 12.00 V\n",
+ "VCE = 5.00 V\n",
+ "VBE = 0.70 V\n",
+ "beta = 50.00 \n",
+ "IB = 4.16e-05 A\n",
+ "IC = 2.08e-03 A\n",
+ "Rt = (VCE - VBE)/IB = 1.03e+05 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg208"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VBB = 1.\n",
+ "VCC = 12.\n",
+ "IC = 12.*10**-3\n",
+ "VCE = 4.\n",
+ "beta = 80.\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBB = \",(VBB),\"V\")##base supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IC = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = \",(VCE),\"V\")##voltage across collector and emitter\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##voltage across base and emitter\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"IB = IC/beta = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "RC = (VCC - VCE)/IC\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RC = (VCC - VCE)/IC = \",(int(RC)),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VBB = 1.00 V\n",
+ "VCC = 12.00 V\n",
+ "IC = 0.01 A\n",
+ "VCE = 4.00 V\n",
+ "beta = 80.00 \n",
+ "VBE = 0.70 V\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta = 0.0002 A\n",
+ "RC = (VCC - VCE)/IC = 666.00 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg209"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 9.\n",
+ "VBB = 3.\n",
+ "IC = 2.*10**-3\n",
+ "beta = 50.\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7\n",
+ "VCE = 4.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBB = \",(VBB),\"V\")##base supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##voltage across base and emitter\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"VCE = \",(VCE),\"V\")##voltage across collector and emitter\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = IC/beta = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "RB = (VBB - VBE)/IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RB = (VBB - VBE)/IB = \",(RB),\"ohm\")##base resistance according to the given in circuit\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note: misprint in the question, author is asking for IB instead of beta, as beta is already provided.\n",
+ "## note: calculation done in the textbook for the problem is wrong.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 9.00 V\n",
+ "VBB = 3.00 V\n",
+ "IC = 2.00e-03 A\n",
+ "beta = 50.00 \n",
+ "VBE = 0.70 V\n",
+ "VCE = 4.0000 V\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta = 4.00e-05 A\n",
+ "RB = (VBB - VBE)/IB = 57500.00 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg209"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 12.\n",
+ "VBB = 3.\n",
+ "IC = 12.*10**-3\n",
+ "VCE = 5.5\n",
+ "beta = 100.\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7\n",
+ "Re = 50.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBB = \",(VBB),\"V\")##base supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = \",(VCE),\"V\")##voltage across collector and emitter\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##voltage across base and emitter\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Re = \",(Re),\"ohm\")##emittter resistance\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = IC/beta = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "##from base-emitter circuit;\n",
+ "IE = IC+IB\n",
+ "Rb = (VBB - VBE - (IE*Re))/IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rb = (VBB - VBE - IE*Re)/IB = \",(Rb),\"ohm\")##base resistance\n",
+ "##from collector-emitter circuit, we have\n",
+ "Rc = (VCC - VCE - (IE*Re))/(IC)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rc = (VCC - VCE - (IE*Re))/IC = \",(Rc),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##NOTE : in textbook the notation used for base and emitter resistance in fig. and in calculation are different\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : calculation perform in the textbook is wrong for the above problem\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 12.00 V\n",
+ "VBB = 3.00 V\n",
+ "IC = 1.20e-02 A\n",
+ "VCE = 5.50 V\n",
+ "beta = 100.00 \n",
+ "VBE = 0.70 V\n",
+ "Re = 50.00 ohm\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta = 1.20e-04 A\n",
+ "Rb = (VBB - VBE - IE*Re)/IB = 14116.67 ohm\n",
+ "Rc = (VCC - VCE - (IE*Re))/IC = 491.17 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 20
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg210"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_8\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VBB = 10.\n",
+ "RB = 500.*10**3\n",
+ "VCC = 15.\n",
+ "RC = 1.2*10**3\n",
+ "beta =100.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBB = \",(VBB),\"V\")##base supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RB = \",(RB),\"ohm\")##resistance across base terminal\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RC = \",(RC),\"ohm\")##resistance across collector terminal\n",
+ "IB = VBB/RB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = VBB/RB = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"IC = beta*IB = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - (IC*RC)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = VCC - IC*RC = \",(VCE),\"V\")##voltage across collector and emitter\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## the answer printed in the textbook for VCE is wrong.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "beta = 100.00 \n",
+ "VBB = 10.00 V\n",
+ "RB = 500000.00 ohm\n",
+ "VCC = 15.00 V\n",
+ "RC = 1200.00 ohm\n",
+ "IB = VBB/RB = 2.00e-05 A\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB = 0.0020 A\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*RC = 12.60 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 21
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg211"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_9\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ic = 2.*10**-3\n",
+ "ie = ic## as base current is negligble\n",
+ "VT = 25.*10**-3\n",
+ "re = VT/ie\n",
+ "gm = ie/VT\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ic = \",(ic),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ie = \",(ie),\"A\")##emitter current with negligble base current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VT = \",(VT),\"V\")##voltage at room temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"re = VT/ie = \",(re),\"ohm\")##emitter resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"gm = ie/VT = \",(gm),\"mho\")##conductance\n",
+ "rc = 100*10^3##slope of output characteristics\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rc = \",(rc),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "hoe = 1./rc\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hoe = 1/rc = \",(hoe),\"Mho\")##output conductance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "ic = 2.00e-03 A\n",
+ "ie = 2.00e-03 A\n",
+ "VT = 0.03 V\n",
+ "re = VT/ie = 12.50 ohm\n",
+ "gm = ie/VT = 0.08 mho\n",
+ "rc = 1003.00 ohm\n",
+ "hoe = 1/rc = 9.97e-04 Mho\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 23
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg211"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_10\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ic = 2.5*10**-3\n",
+ "ib = 50.*10**-6\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ib = \",(ib),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ic = \",(ic),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "beta = ic/ib\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = ic/ib = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "ib = 5.00e-05 A\n",
+ "ic = 2.50e-03 A\n",
+ "beta = ic/ib = 50.00 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 24
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg211"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_11\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ic = 3.*10**-3\n",
+ "ib = 3.08*10**-3\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"ib = \",(ib),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"ic = \",(ic),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "alpha = ic/ib\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"alpha = ie/ib = ic/ib = \",(alpha),\"\")##current gain, assuming ie = ic \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "ib = 0.0031 A\n",
+ "ic = 0.0030 A\n",
+ "alpha = ie/ib = ic/ib = 0.97 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 25
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12-pg211"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_12\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##given, collector voltage swings between 11V to 4V\n",
+ "##thus,\n",
+ "vc = 11.-4.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"vc = 11 - 4 = \",(vc),\"V\")##PEAK-to-PEAK collector voltage\n",
+ "##given, collector current swings between 5mA to 1.4mA\n",
+ "##thus,\n",
+ "ic = (5. - 1.4)*10**-3\n",
+ "print'%s %.3f %s'%(\"ic = 5m - 1.4m = \",(ic),\"A\")##PEAK-to-PEAK collector current\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "vc = 11 - 4 = 7.00 V\n",
+ "ic = 5m - 1.4m = 0.004 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 26
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex13-pg211"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex6_13\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "ic = 4.*10**-3\n",
+ "ib = 80.*10**-6\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"ib = \",(ib),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"ic = \",(ic),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "Ai = ic/ib\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = ic/ib = \",(Ai),\"\")##current gain in CE amplifier\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "ib = 0.0001 A\n",
+ "ic = 0.0040 A\n",
+ "Ai = ic/ib = 50.00 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 27
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter7.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter7.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..263b1630 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter7.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,600 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:d3daff958b5be5c6e40b0f1f5f3b3f381d9b737d42da1a313b446c455add3344"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter7-Transistor Biasing and Stabilization Techniques"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg233"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Ie = 6.0*10**-3\n",
+ "Ve = 1.1\n",
+ "Re = Ve/Ie\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ie = \",(Ie),\"A\")##current flowing in emitter resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ve = \",(Ve),\"V\")##voltage drop across emitter resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Re = \",(Re),\"ohm\")##emitter resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Ie = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Ve = 1.10 V\n",
+ "Re = 183.33 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg233"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "TA = 30.\n",
+ "TJ = 48.\n",
+ "PD = 4.\n",
+ "TR = (TJ - TA)/PD\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TA = \",(TA),\"degreeC\")##ambient temperature at which transistor is operated\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TJ = \",(TJ),\"degreeC\")##junction temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PD = \",(PD),\"W\")##dissipated power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TR = (TJ - TA)/PD = \",(TR),\"degreeC/W\")##termal resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "TA = 30.00 degreeC\n",
+ "TJ = 48.00 degreeC\n",
+ "PD = 4.00 W\n",
+ "TR = (TJ - TA)/PD = 4.50 degreeC/W\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg233"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "TA = 28.\n",
+ "TJ = 50.\n",
+ "TR = 10.\n",
+ "PD = (TJ - TA)/TR\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TA = \",(TA),\"degreeC\")##ambient temperature at which transistor is operated\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TJ = \",(TJ),\"degreeC\")##junction temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TR = \",(TR),\"degreeC/W\")##termal resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PD = (TJ - TA)/TR = \",(PD),\"W\")##dissipated power\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "TA = 28.00 degreeC\n",
+ "TJ = 50.00 degreeC\n",
+ "TR = 10.00 degreeC/W\n",
+ "PD = (TJ - TA)/TR = 2.20 W\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg234"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RC = 4.*10**3\n",
+ "RB = 1.2*10**6\n",
+ "VCC = 9.\n",
+ "VBE = .2\n",
+ "beta = 80.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RC = \",(RC),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RB = \",(RB),\"ohm\")##base resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##voltage across base and emittter\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = beta*IB = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - (IC*RC)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = VCC - (IC*RC) = \",(VCE),\"V\")##collector-emitter voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s %.4f %s'%(\"The Q-point is(\",(VCE),\"V\"and \" \",(IC),\"A\")##Q-point in fixed bias circuit\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RC = 4000.00 ohm\n",
+ "RB = 1200000.00 ohm\n",
+ "VCC = 9.00 V\n",
+ "VBE = 0.20 V\n",
+ "beta = 80.00 \n",
+ "IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB = 7.33e-06 A\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB = 5.87e-04 A\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - (IC*RC) = 6.65 V\n",
+ "The Q-point is( 6.65 0.0006 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg235"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VBE = 0.6\n",
+ "beta = 100.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##voltage across base and emitter\n",
+ "##according to given circuit;\n",
+ "VCC = 12.\n",
+ "RC = 5.*10**3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RC = \",(RC),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n",
+ "## optimum operating point is half of (VCC/RC)\n",
+ "IC = (1./2.)*(VCC/RC)\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"IC = VCC/(2*RC) = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current at optimum operating point\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = IC/beta = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "##from the closed circuit in the given fig., we have\n",
+ "print(\"IB*RB = VCC - VBE\")\n",
+ "RB = (VCC - VBE)/IB \n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RB = (VCC - VBE)/IB = \",(RB),\"ohm\")##veriable resistance across base-collector as given in circuit\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "beta = 100.00 \n",
+ "VBE = 0.60 V\n",
+ "VCC = 12.00 V\n",
+ "RC = 5000.00 ohm\n",
+ "IC = VCC/(2*RC) = 0.0012 A\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta = 1.20e-05 A\n",
+ "IB*RB = VCC - VBE\n",
+ "RB = (VCC - VBE)/IB = 950000.00 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg235"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RC = 2.*10**3\n",
+ "beta = 100.\n",
+ "VCC = 9.\n",
+ "RB = 500.*10**3\n",
+ "VBE = 0.6\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RC = \",(RC),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RB = \",(RB),\"ohm\")##base resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##base-emitter voltage\n",
+ "IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB = \",(IB),\"Amp\")##base current\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"IC = beta*IB = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*RC\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = VCC - IC*RC = \",(VCE),\"V\")##collector-emitter voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s %.2e %s '%(\"operating point is(\",(VCE),\"V \" and \" \",(IC),\"A)\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RC = 2000.00 ohm\n",
+ "beta = 100.00 \n",
+ "VCC = 9.00 V\n",
+ "RB = 500000.00 ohm\n",
+ "VBE = 0.60 V\n",
+ "IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB = 1.68e-05 Amp\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB = 0.0017 A\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*RC = 5.64 V\n",
+ "operating point is( 5.64 1.68e-03 A) \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg236"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 12.\n",
+ "RB = 300.*10**3\n",
+ "RC = 1.5*10**3\n",
+ "Re = 2.*10**3\n",
+ "beta = 100.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RB = \",(RB),\"ohm\")##base resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RC = \",(RC),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Re = \",(Re),\"ohm\")##emitter resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "IB = VCC/(RB + beta*Re)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = VCC/(RB + beta*Re) = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = beta*IB = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "IE = IB + IC\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IE = IB + IC = \",(IE),\"A\")##emitter current\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*RC - IE*Re\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = VCC - IC*RC - IE*Re = \",(VCE),\"V\")##collector-emitter voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s %.4f %s '%(\"quiescent point is(\",(VCE),\"V \" and \"\" ,(IC),\"A)\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 12.00 V\n",
+ "RB = 300000.00 ohm\n",
+ "RC = 1500.00 ohm\n",
+ "Re = 2000.00 ohm\n",
+ "beta = 100.00 \n",
+ "IB = VCC/(RB + beta*Re) = 2.40e-05 A\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB = 2.40e-03 A\n",
+ "IE = IB + IC = 2.42e-03 A\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*RC - IE*Re = 3.55 V\n",
+ "quiescent point is( 3.55 0.0024 A) \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg236"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_8\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VCC = 9.\n",
+ "RC = 3.*10**3\n",
+ "RB = 500.*10**3\n",
+ "beta = 100.\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RC = \",(RC),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RB = \",(RB),\"ohm\")##base resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##emitter-base voltage\n",
+ "##for a Fixed Bais Circuit;\n",
+ "IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = beta*IB = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*RC\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = VCC - IC*RC = \",(VCE),\"V\")##collector-emitter voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s %4f %s '%(\"operating point is(\",(VCE),\"V\" and \" \",(IC),\"A)\")\n",
+ "S = 1+beta\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"S = 1 + beta = \",(S),\"\")##stability factor\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## NOTE : in the textbook author has taken beta = 100 for calculation \n",
+ "## but has mention beta = 50 in Question\n",
+ "## I am working with beta = 100.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VCC = 9.00 V\n",
+ "RC = 3000.00 ohm\n",
+ "RB = 500000.00 ohm\n",
+ "beta = 100.00 \n",
+ "VBE = 0.70 V\n",
+ "IB = (VCC - VBE)/RB = 1.66e-05 A\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB = 1.66e-03 A\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*RC = 4.02 V\n",
+ "operating point is( 4.02 0.001660 A) \n",
+ "S = 1 + beta = 101.00 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg237"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_9\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "R1 = 80.*10**3\n",
+ "R2 = 25.*10**3\n",
+ "Re = 2.*10**3\n",
+ "Rc = 2.*10**3\n",
+ "beta = 100.\n",
+ "VCC = 12.\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R1 = \",(R1),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"R2 = \",(R2),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Re = \",(Re),\"ohm\")##emitter resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rc = \",(Rc),\"ohm\")##collector resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"beta = \",(beta),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCC = \",(VCC),\"V\")##collector supply voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VBE = \",(VBE),\"V\")##base-emitter voltage\n",
+ "Rb = R1*R2/(R1+R2)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rb = R1*R2/(R1+R2) = \",(Rb),\"ohm\")##base resistance\n",
+ "VB = VCC*(R2/(R1+R2))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VB = VCC(R2/(R1+R2)) = \",(VB),\"V\")##base voltage\n",
+ "IB = (VB - VBE)/(Rb*(1+((1+beta)*(Re/Rb))))\n",
+ "print(\"IB = (VB - VBE)/(Rb*(1+((1+beta)*(Re/Rb))))\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\" = \",(IB),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IC = beta*IB = \",(IC),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "IE = IC\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*Rc - IE*Re\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VCE = VCC - IC*Rc - IE*Re = \",(VCE),\"V\")##collector-emitter voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s %.2e %s '%(\"operating point is(\",(VCE),\"V\" and \" \",(IC),\"A)\")\n",
+ "S = (1.+beta)*((1.+Rb/Re)/(1.+beta+Rb/Re))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"S = (1+beta)*[(1+Rb/Re)*(1+beta+Rb/Re)] = \",(S),\"\")\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "R1 = 80000.00 ohm\n",
+ "R2 = 25000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Re = 2000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Rc = 2000.00 ohm\n",
+ "beta = 100.00 \n",
+ "VCC = 12.00 V\n",
+ "VBE = 0.70 V\n",
+ "Rb = R1*R2/(R1+R2) = 19047.62 ohm\n",
+ "VB = VCC(R2/(R1+R2)) = 2.86 V\n",
+ "IB = (VB - VBE)/(Rb*(1+((1+beta)*(Re/Rb))))\n",
+ " = 9.76e-06 A\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB = 9.76e-04 A\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*Rc - IE*Re = 8.10 V\n",
+ "operating point is( 8.10 9.76e-04 A) \n",
+ "S = (1+beta)*[(1+Rb/Re)*(1+beta+Rb/Re)] = 9.62 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg238"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_10\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "delta_IC = 0.01*10**-3\n",
+ "delta_beta = 5.\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"delta_IC = \",(delta_IC),\"A\")##change of collector current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"delta_beta = \",(delta_beta),\"A\")##change in current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"S'''' = delta_IC/delta_beta = \",(delta_IC/delta_beta),\"\")##stability\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "delta_IC = 1.00e-05 A\n",
+ "delta_beta = 5.00 A\n",
+ "S'''' = delta_IC/delta_beta = 2.00e-06 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg239"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_11\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "TA = 30.\n",
+ "TJ = 48.\n",
+ "PD = 4.\n",
+ "TR = (TJ - TA)/PD\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TA = \",(TA),\"degreeC\")##ambient temperature at which transistor is operated\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TJ = \",(TJ),\"degreeC\")##junction temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PD = \",(PD),\"W\")##dissipated power\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TR = (TJ - TA)/PD = \",(TR),\"degreeC/W\")##termal resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "TA = 30.00 degreeC\n",
+ "TJ = 48.00 degreeC\n",
+ "PD = 4.00 W\n",
+ "TR = (TJ - TA)/PD = 4.50 degreeC/W\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12-pg 239"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex7_12\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "TA = 28.\n",
+ "TJ = 50.\n",
+ "TR = 10.\n",
+ "PD = (TJ - TA)/TR\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TA = \",(TA),\"degreeC\")##ambient temperature at which transistor is operated\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TJ = \",(TJ),\"degreeC\")##junction temperature\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"TR = \",(TR),\"degreeC/W\")##termal resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"PD = (TJ - TA)/TR = \",(PD),\"W\")##dissipated power\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "TA = 28.00 degreeC\n",
+ "TJ = 50.00 degreeC\n",
+ "TR = 10.00 degreeC/W\n",
+ "PD = (TJ - TA)/TR = 2.20 W\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter8.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter8.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..de55fcef --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter8.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,625 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:bdd656fed7f10d93c7a67c0d4b91d52fe54d8da8dccf8f5895d7bcbc0d9058e2"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter8-Analysis of transistor Amplifier using Hybrid Equivalent\n",
+ "Circuit"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg262"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "print(\"(a)\")\n",
+ "Vce=0.\n",
+ "Ic=2.*10**-3\n",
+ "Ib=30.*10**-6\n",
+ "Vbe=50.*10**-3\n",
+ "print'%s %.f %s'%(\"Vce = \",(Vce),\"V\")##collector-emitter voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Ic = \",(Ic),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "print'%s %.f %s'%(\"Ib = \",(Ib),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vbe = \",(Vbe),\"V\")##base-emitter voltage\n",
+ "hfe=Ic/Ib\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfe = Ic/Ib = \",(hfe),\"\")##current gain in CE amplifier\n",
+ "hie=Vbe/Ib\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hie = Vbe/Ib = \",(hie),\"ohm\")##input impedance in CE amplifier\n",
+ "print(\"(b)\")\n",
+ "Ib=0.\n",
+ "Vce=1.\n",
+ "Vbe=0.3*10**-3\n",
+ "Ic=0.1*10**-3\n",
+ "print'%s %.f %s'%(\"Vce = \",(Vce),\"V\")##collector-emitter voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Ic = \",(Ic),\"A\")##collector current\n",
+ "print'%s %.f %s'%(\"Ib = \",(Ib),\"A\")##base current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Vbe = \",(Vbe),\"V\")##base-emitter voltage\n",
+ "hoe=Ic/Vce\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hoe = Ic/Vce = \",(hoe),\"mho\")##output conductance in CE amplifier\n",
+ "hre=Vbe/Vce\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hre = Vbe/Vce = \",(hre),\"\")##voltage gain in CE amplifier\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note: textbook answers has printing mistake, regaeding hre.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a)\n",
+ "Vce = 0 V\n",
+ "Ic = 2.00e-03 A\n",
+ "Ib = 0 A\n",
+ "Vbe = 0.05 V\n",
+ "hfe = Ic/Ib = 66.67 \n",
+ "hie = Vbe/Ib = 1666.67 ohm\n",
+ "(b)\n",
+ "Vce = 1 V\n",
+ "Ic = 1.00e-04 A\n",
+ "Ib = 0 A\n",
+ "Vbe = 3.00e-04 V\n",
+ "hoe = Ic/Vce = 1.00e-04 mho\n",
+ "hre = Vbe/Vce = 3.00e-04 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg263"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RL = 8.*10**3\n",
+ "hie=1.0*10**3\n",
+ "hre=2.5*10**-4\n",
+ "hfe=50.\n",
+ "hoe=25.*10**-6\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "##h-parameters for CE transistor amplifier are as follows:\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hie = \",(hie),\"ohm\")##input resistance of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hre = \",(hre),\"\")##voltage gain of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfe = \",(hfe),\"\")##current gain of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hoe = \",(hoe),\"mho\")##output conductance of CE transistor\n",
+ "##calculation for current gain:\n",
+ "Ai=-hfe/(1.+(hoe*RL))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = -hfe/(1+(hoe*RL)) = \",(Ai),\"\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = \",(abs(Ai)),\"\")\n",
+ "##calculation for input resistance:\n",
+ "Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL) = \",(Ri),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note : answer in the textbook regarding above problem is not accuratly calculated.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RL = 8000.00 ohm\n",
+ "hie = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "hre = 2.50e-04 \n",
+ "hfe = 50.00 \n",
+ "hoe = 2.50e-05 mho\n",
+ "Ai = -hfe/(1+(hoe*RL)) = -41.67 \n",
+ "Ai = 41.67 \n",
+ "Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL) = 916.67 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg263"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RL = 8.*10**3\n",
+ "Rs= 500.\n",
+ "hie=1.0*10**3\n",
+ "hre=2.5*10**-4\n",
+ "hfe=50.\n",
+ "hoe=25.*10**-6\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rs = \",(Rs),\"ohm\")##source resistance\n",
+ "##h-parameters for CE transistor amplifier are as follows:\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hie = \",(hie),\"ohm\")##input resistance of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hre = \",(hre),\"\")##voltage gain of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfe = \",(hfe),\"\")##current gain of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hoe = \",(hoe),\"mho\")##output conductance of CE transistor\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ai=-hfe/(1.+(hoe*RL))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = -hfe/(1+(hoe*RL)) = \",(Ai),\"\")##calculation for current gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL) = \",(Ri),\"ohm\")##calculation for input resistance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ais=(Ai*Rs)/(Ri+Rs)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ais = (Ai*Rs)/(Ri+Rs)= \",(Ais),\"\")##current gain with source resistance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Avs = Ai*RL/Ri\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Avs = Ai*RL/Ri = \",(Avs),\"\")##voltage gain with source resistance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note : in the textbook above problem has given two values for hie BUT no value for hfe ... \n",
+ "## thus assuming hie=50 as hfe =50, as given in the previous example 8_2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note : answer in the textbook is not accuratly calculated.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RL = 8000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Rs = 500.00 ohm\n",
+ "hie = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "hre = 2.50e-04 \n",
+ "hfe = 50.00 \n",
+ "hoe = 2.50e-05 mho\n",
+ "Ai = -hfe/(1+(hoe*RL)) = -41.67 \n",
+ "Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL) = 916.67 ohm\n",
+ "Ais = (Ai*Rs)/(Ri+Rs)= -14.71 \n",
+ "Avs = Ai*RL/Ri = -363.64 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg264"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RL=5.*10**3\n",
+ "Rs=1.2*10**3\n",
+ "hre=2.5*10**-4\n",
+ "hie=1.1*10**3\n",
+ "hfe=100.\n",
+ "hoe=25.*10**-6\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rs = \",(Rs),\"ohm\")##source resistance\n",
+ "##h-parameters for CE transistor amplifier are as follows:\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hie = \",(hie),\"ohm\")##input resistance of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hre = \",(hre),\"\")##voltage gain of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfe = \",(hfe),\"\")##current gain of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hoe = \",(hoe),\"mho\")##output conductance of CE transistor\n",
+ "##calculation for current gain:\n",
+ "Ai=-hfe/(1.+(hoe*RL))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = -hfe/(1+(hoe*RL)) = \",(abs(Ai)),\"\")\n",
+ "##calculation for input resistance:\n",
+ "Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL) = \",(Ri),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "##calculation for voltage gain:\n",
+ "Av = Ai*RL/Ri\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = Ai*RL/Ri = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "##calculation for output resistance:\n",
+ "Go=hoe-((hre*hfe)/(hie+Rs))\n",
+ "Ro = 1./Go\n",
+ "print(\"Ro = 1/Go\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"Go = hoe-((hre*hfe)/(hie+Rs)) = \",(Go),\"mho\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ro = \",(Ro),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note : in the textbook, above problem has given two values for \"hfe\" and no value for \"hre\"... \n",
+ "## thus assuming value for \"hre = 2.5*10^-4\" as taken in previous example 8_2\n",
+ "## and \"hfe=100\" \n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note : in text LOAD RESISTANCE is noted as Rc in question, but RL in solution.\n",
+ "## I have work with Load Resistance with notification RL.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RL = 5000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Rs = 1200.00 ohm\n",
+ "hie = 1100.00 ohm\n",
+ "hre = 2.50e-04 \n",
+ "hfe = 100.00 \n",
+ "hoe = 2.50e-05 mho\n",
+ "Ai = -hfe/(1+(hoe*RL)) = 88.89 \n",
+ "Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL) = 988.89 ohm\n",
+ "Av = Ai*RL/Ri = -449.44 \n",
+ "Ro = 1/Go\n",
+ "Go = hoe-((hre*hfe)/(hie+Rs)) = 1.41e-05 mho\n",
+ "Ro = 70769.23 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg264"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RL = 22.*10**3\n",
+ "hfb=-0.98\n",
+ "hob=7.6*10**-7\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfb = \",(hfb),\"\")##forward current gain in CB amplifier\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hob = \",(hob),\"mho\")##output conductance in CB amplifier\n",
+ "Ai = -hfb/(1.+(hob*RL))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = -hfb/(1+(hob*RL)) = \",(Ai),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RL = 22000.00 ohm\n",
+ "hfb = -0.98 \n",
+ "hob = 7.60e-07 mho\n",
+ "Ai = -hfb/(1+(hob*RL)) = 0.96 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg265"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "hfb = -0.999\n",
+ "hib = 50.\n",
+ "hob = 0.82*10**-6\n",
+ "hrb = 4.*10**-6\n",
+ "RL = 22.*10**3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load impedence\n",
+ "##h-parameters for CB transistor amplifier are as follows:\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hib = \",(hib),\"ohm\")##input resistance of CB transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hrb = \",(hrb),\"\")##voltage gain of CB transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfb = \",(hfb),\"\")##current gain of CB transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hob = \",(hob),\"mho\")##output conductance of CB transistor\n",
+ "Av = -(hfb*RL)/((RL*(hib*hob-hfb*hrb))+hib)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = -(hfb*RL)/((RL*(hib*hob-hfb*hrb))+hib) = \",(Av),\"\")##voltage gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note : answer provided in the textbook is not precised.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RL = 22000.00 ohm\n",
+ "hib = 50.00 ohm\n",
+ "hrb = 4.00e-06 \n",
+ "hfb = -1.00 \n",
+ "hob = 8.20e-07 mho\n",
+ "Av = -(hfb*RL)/((RL*(hib*hob-hfb*hrb))+hib) = 431.03 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg265"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "RL = 1.2*10**3\n",
+ "##assuming Rs = RL as given in problem\n",
+ "Rs = RL\n",
+ "##assuming values for h-parameters\n",
+ "hie = 1.0*10**3\n",
+ "hre=2.5*10**-4\n",
+ "hfe = 50.\n",
+ "hoe = 25.*10**-6\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rs = RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##source resistance\n",
+ "##h-parameters for CE transistor amplifier are as follows:\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hie = \",(hie),\"ohm\")##input resistance of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hre = \",(hre),\"\")##voltage gain of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfe = \",(hfe),\"\")##current gain of CE transistor\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hoe = \",(hoe),\"mho\")##output conductance of CE transistor\n",
+ "##calculation for current gain:\n",
+ "Ai=-hfe/(1+(hoe*RL))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = -hfe/(1+(hoe*RL)) = \",(Ai),\"\")\n",
+ "##calculation for input impedence:\n",
+ "Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL) = \",(Ri),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "##calculation for voltage gain:\n",
+ "print(\"Av = Ai*RL/Ri\")\n",
+ "Av = Ai*RL/Ri\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\" = \",(Av),\"\")\n",
+ "##calculation for output impedence:\n",
+ "Ro = 1/((hoe - (hfe*hre)/(hie+Rs)))\n",
+ "print(\"Ro = 1/((hoe - (hfe*hre)/(hie+Rs)))\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\" = \",(Ro),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "##current gain with source impedence:\n",
+ "Ais=(Ai*Rs)/(Ri+Rs)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ais = (Ai*Rs)/(Ri+Rs)= \",(Ais),\"\")\n",
+ "##voltage gain with source impedence:\n",
+ "Avs = Av*Ri/(Ri+Rs)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Avs = Av*Ri/(Ri+Rs) = \",(Avs),\"\")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## NOTE : calculation in the textbook for the above problem is wrong.\n",
+ "## while calculating Ri author has use \"hie = 1.2*10^3\" instead of ASSUMED9 value i.e., \"hie = 1.0*10^3\" \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "RL = 1200.00 ohm\n",
+ "Rs = RL = 1200.00 ohm\n",
+ "hie = 1000.00 ohm\n",
+ "hre = 2.50e-04 \n",
+ "hfe = 50.00 \n",
+ "hoe = 2.50e-05 mho\n",
+ "Ai = -hfe/(1+(hoe*RL)) = -48.54 \n",
+ "Ri = hie+(hre*Ai*RL) = 985.44 ohm\n",
+ "Av = Ai*RL/Ri\n",
+ " = -59.11 \n",
+ "Ro = 1/((hoe - (hfe*hre)/(hie+Rs)))\n",
+ " = 51764.71 ohm\n",
+ "Ais = (Ai*Rs)/(Ri+Rs)= -26.65 \n",
+ "Avs = Av*Ri/(Ri+Rs) = -26.65 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg267"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_8\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Ai = -60.\n",
+ "hfe = 100.\n",
+ "hoe = 10.*10**-6\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"hfe = \",(hfe),\"\")##forward current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"hoe = \",(hoe),\"A/V\")##output conductance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = \",(Ai),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "RL = -(1./hoe)*(1.+(hfe/Ai))\n",
+ "RL = -(1./hoe)*(1.+(hfe/Ai))\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'% (\" \",(RL),\"ohm\") ##load resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "hfe = 100.00 \n",
+ "hoe = 1.00e-05 A/V\n",
+ "Ai = -60.00 \n",
+ " 66666.67 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg267"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_9\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Ai = -60.\n",
+ "Ri = 2.0*10**3\n",
+ "RL = 15.*10**3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = \",(Ai),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ri = \",(Ri),\"ohm\")##input resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "Av = Ai*RL/Ri\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = Ai*RL/Ri = \",(Av),\"\")##voltage gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "##note : in textbook,\n",
+ "## author notify LOAD RESISTANCE as 'Rc' in question BUT 'RL' in solution.\n",
+ "## I have work with \"load resistance notified as RL\".\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Ai = -60.00 \n",
+ "Ri = 2000.00 ohm\n",
+ "RL = 15000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Av = Ai*RL/Ri = -450.00 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg267"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_10\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Av = -200.\n",
+ "Ri = 10.*10**3\n",
+ "RL = 3.*10**3\n",
+ "Ai = Av*Ri/RL\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"\")##voltage gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ri = \",(Ri),\"ohm\")##input resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = Av*Ri/RL = \",(Ai),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : there are mis-printring in the textbook for the above problem regading formula and notations.\n",
+ "## answer in the textbook for above problem is wrong.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av = -200.00 \n",
+ "Ri = 10000.00 ohm\n",
+ "RL = 3000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Ai = Av*Ri/RL = -666.67 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11-pg267"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex8_11\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Av = -250.\n",
+ "Ai = -50.\n",
+ "RL = 12.*10**3\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Av = \",(Av),\"\")##voltage gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ai = \",(Ai),\"\")##current gain\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RL = \",(RL),\"ohm\")##load resistance\n",
+ "Ri = Ai*RL/Av\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Ri = Ai*RL/Av = \",(Ri),\"ohm\")##input resistance\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Av = -250.00 \n",
+ "Ai = -50.00 \n",
+ "RL = 12000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Ri = Ai*RL/Av = 2400.00 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter9.ipynb b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter9.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..3a189366 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronics_Devices_and_Circuits_by_G._S._N._Raju/Chapter9.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,486 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:a9955a4e75715c6f84ab43985c194e433d9dd5aed6d9e7b9aa45256275f6d9ef"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter9-Field Effect Transistor"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1-pg300"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_1\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "h = 5.*10**-4 ##channel height in centimeters\n",
+ "a= (1/2.)*h ##channel width in centimeters\n",
+ "rho = 10. ##resistivity in ohm_cm\n",
+ "sigma = 1./rho ##conductivity in mho/cm\n",
+ "micro_p = 500. ##mobility in cm_sq/Vs\n",
+ "apsilent_r = 12. ##relative permiability in F/cm of silicon\n",
+ "apsilent_not=8.854*10**-14 ##permiability in vaccum in F/cm\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"a = \",(a),\"cm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"sigma = \",(sigma),\"mho/cm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro_p = \",(micro_p),\"cm-sq/Vs\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"apsilent_r = \",(apsilent_r),\"F/cm\")\n",
+ "Vp = (a**2)*sigma/(2*apsilent_r*apsilent_not*micro_p) ## pinch off voltage for silicon p channel FET\n",
+ "print(\"Vp = (a^2)*sigma/(2*apsilent_r*apsilent_not*micro_p)\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "a = 2.50e-04 cm\n",
+ "sigma = 0.10 mho/cm\n",
+ "micro_p = 500.00 cm-sq/Vs\n",
+ "apsilent_r = 12.00 F/cm\n",
+ "Vp = (a^2)*sigma/(2*apsilent_r*apsilent_not*micro_p)\n",
+ "Vp = 5.88 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2-pg 300"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_2\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##calculating for conductance:\n",
+ "delta_ID = (4.*10**-3)-(2.*10**-3)##change in drain current in amperes\n",
+ "delta_VGS = 3.-2.##chande in gate-source voltage in volts\n",
+ "print'%s %.2E %s'%(\"delta_ID = \",(delta_ID),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"delta_VGS = \",(delta_VGS),\"V\")\n",
+ "gm = delta_ID/delta_VGS##condutance at VDS = constant\n",
+ "print(\"gm = delta_ID/delta_VGS\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"gm = \",(gm),\" mho\")\n",
+ "##calculating for drain resistance:\n",
+ "delta_ID = (3.2-3.)*10**-3##change in drain current in amperes\n",
+ "delta_VDS = (12.-8.)##change in voltage across drai and source\n",
+ "print'%s %.2E %s'%(\"delta_ID = \",(delta_ID),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"delta_VDS = \",(delta_VDS),\"V\")\n",
+ "rd = delta_VDS/delta_ID\n",
+ "print(\"rd = delta_VDS/delta_ID\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rd = \",(rd),\" ohm\")\n",
+ "##calculating for micro:\n",
+ "micro = rd*gm##amplification factor\n",
+ "print(\"micro = rd*gm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro = \",(micro),\"\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "delta_ID = 2.00E-03 A\n",
+ "delta_VGS = 1.00 V\n",
+ "gm = delta_ID/delta_VGS\n",
+ "gm = 0.00 mho\n",
+ "delta_ID = 2.00E-04 A\n",
+ "delta_VDS = 4.00 V\n",
+ "rd = delta_VDS/delta_ID\n",
+ "rd = 20000.00 ohm\n",
+ "micro = rd*gm\n",
+ "micro = 40.00 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex3-pg301"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_3\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "print(\"Vp = (a^2)*sigma/(2*apsilent*micro_p)\")##piunch off voltage\n",
+ "h = 2.*10**-4 ##channel height in centimeters\n",
+ "a= h/2. ##channel width in centimeters\n",
+ "rho = 1. ##resistivity in ohm_cm\n",
+ "sigma = 1./rho ##conductivity in mho/cm\n",
+ "micro_p = 1800. ##mobility in cm_sq/Vs\n",
+ "apsilent_r = 16. ##relative permiability in F/cm of germanium\n",
+ "apsilent_not=8.854*10**-14 ##permiability in vaccum in F/cm\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"a = \",(a),\"cm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rho = \",(rho),\"ohm-cm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"sigma = \",(sigma),\"mho/cm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro = \",(micro_p),\"cm_sq/Vs\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"apsilent_r = \",(apsilent_r),\"F/cm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2E %s'%(\"apsilent_not = \",(apsilent_not),\"F/cm\")\n",
+ "Vp = (a**2.)*sigma/(2.*apsilent_r*apsilent_not*micro_p) ## pinch off voltage for germanium p_channel FET\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vp = (a^2)*sigma/(2*apsilent*micro_p)\n",
+ "a = 0.00 cm\n",
+ "rho = 1.00 ohm-cm\n",
+ "sigma = 1.00 mho/cm\n",
+ "micro = 1800.00 cm_sq/Vs\n",
+ "apsilent_r = 16.00 F/cm\n",
+ "apsilent_not = 8.85E-14 F/cm\n",
+ "Vp = 1.96 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4-pg301"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_4\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "gm1= 2.*10**-3; gm2 =4.*10**-3##conductance\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"gm1 = \",(gm1),\"mho\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.4F %s'%(\"gm2 = \",(gm2),\"mho\")\n",
+ "Effective_gm = gm1+gm2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Effective gm = gm1 + gm2 = \",(Effective_gm),\"mho\")##resulant conductance\n",
+ "rd1 = 20.*10**3; rd2 = 30.*10**3##resistances\n",
+ "Effective_rd = (rd1*rd2)/(rd1+rd2)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rd1 = \",(rd1),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rd2 = \",(rd2),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Effective rd = (rd1*rd2)/(rd1+rd2) = \",(Effective_rd),\"ohm\")##resulant resistance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "gm1 = 0.0020 mho\n",
+ "gm2 = 0.0040 mho\n",
+ "Effective gm = gm1 + gm2 = 0.01 mho\n",
+ "rd1 = 20000.00 ohm\n",
+ "rd2 = 30000.00 ohm\n",
+ "Effective rd = (rd1*rd2)/(rd1+rd2) = 12000.00 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5-pg302"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_5\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VGS = 4.## voltage applied to gate terminal\n",
+ "IG = 2.*10**-9##current flowing in gate\n",
+ "RGS = VGS/IG\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VGs = \",(VGS),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"IG = \",(IG),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"RGS = VGS/IG = \",(RGS),\"ohm\")##resistance brtween gate and source\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "VGs = 4.00 V\n",
+ "IG = 2.00e-09 A\n",
+ "RGS = VGS/IG = 2.00e+09 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6-pg302"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_6\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vp = -4##pinch off voltage\n",
+ "ID = 4.*10**-3##drain current\n",
+ "IDSS = 6.*10**-3##maximum drain current\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ID = \",(ID),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IDSS = \",(IDSS),\"A\")\n",
+ "VGS = abs(Vp)*((ID/IDSS)**.5-1.)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VGS = Vp*((ID/IDSS)^.5-1) = \",(VGS),\"V\")##voltage across gate and source\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vp = -4.00 V\n",
+ "ID = 4.00e-03 A\n",
+ "IDSS = 0.01 A\n",
+ "VGS = Vp*((ID/IDSS)^.5-1) = -0.73 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7-pg302"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_7\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##parameters of JFET 1:\n",
+ "rd1 = 20.*10**3##resistance\n",
+ "gm1 = 3.*10**-3##conductance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rd1 = \",(rd1),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"gm1 = \",(gm1),\"mho\")\n",
+ "##parameters of JFET 2:\n",
+ "rd2 = 40.*10**3##resistance\n",
+ "gm2 = 4.*10**-3##conductance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"rd2 = \",(rd2),\"ohm\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"gm2 = \",(gm2),\"mho\")\n",
+ "##the given JFETs are connected in parallel manner\n",
+ "micro = ((rd1*rd2*gm1)+(rd1*rd2*gm2))/(rd1+rd2)\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"micro = (rd1*rd2*gm1)+(rd1*rd2*gm2)/(rd1+rd2) = \",(micro),\"\")##amplification factor\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "rd1 = 20000.00 ohm\n",
+ "gm1 = 3.00e-03 mho\n",
+ "rd2 = 40000.00 ohm\n",
+ "gm2 = 4.00e-03 mho\n",
+ "micro = (rd1*rd2*gm1)+(rd1*rd2*gm2)/(rd1+rd2) = 93.33 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex8-pg303"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_8\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "##according to the given figure in the textbook for problem 8 in chapter 9:\n",
+ "VGS = -2.##voltage across gate and source\n",
+ "IDSS = 6.*10**-3##maximum drain current\n",
+ "Vp = -6##pinch-off voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IDSS = \",(IDSS),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VGS = \",(VGS),\"V\")\n",
+ "ID = IDSS*(1.-(VGS/Vp))**2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ID = IDSS*(1-(VGS/Vp))^2 = \",(ID),\"A\")##drainm current\n",
+ "Rd = 2*10^3##drain resistance\n",
+ "VDD = 9##drain voltage\n",
+ "VDS = VDD - ID*Rd\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VDD = \",(VDD),\"V\")##drain voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Rd = \",(Rd),\"ohm\")##drain resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VDS = VDD - ID*Rd = \",(VDS),\"V\")##voltage across drain and source\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "IDSS = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Vp = -6.00 V\n",
+ "VGS = -2.00 V\n",
+ "ID = IDSS*(1-(VGS/Vp))^2 = 2.67e-03 A\n",
+ "VDD = 9.00 V\n",
+ "Rd = 23.00 ohm\n",
+ "VDS = VDD - ID*Rd = 8.94 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9-pg304"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_9\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Vp = -4.##pinch off voltage\n",
+ "VGS = -1.5##gate source voltage\n",
+ "VDS_minimum = VGS - Vp##minimum VDS for Pinch Off voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VGS = \",(VGS),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VDS_minimum = VGS - Vp = \",(VDS_minimum),\"V\")\n",
+ "IDSS = 6.*10**-3##maximum drain current\n",
+ "ID = IDSS*(1-(VGS/Vp))**2##drain current at VGS = 0V\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IDSS = \",(IDSS),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.4f %s'%(\"ID = IDSS*(1-(VGS/Vp))^2 = \",(ID),\"A\")\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vp = -4.00 V\n",
+ "VGS = -1.50 V\n",
+ "VDS_minimum = VGS - Vp = 2.50 V\n",
+ "IDSS = 0.01 A\n",
+ "ID = IDSS*(1-(VGS/Vp))^2 = 0.0023 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex10-pg304"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "##Ex9_10\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "VGS = -2.##voltage across gate and source\n",
+ "IDSS = 8.*10**-3##maximum drain current\n",
+ "Vp = -6##pinch-off voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"IDSS = \",(IDSS),\"A\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"Vp = \",(Vp),\"V\")\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VGS = \",(VGS),\"V\")\n",
+ "ID = IDSS*(1.-(VGS/Vp))**2\n",
+ "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"ID = IDSS*(1-(VGS/Vp))^2 = \",(ID),\"A\")##drainm current\n",
+ "RD = 2.*10**3##drain resistance\n",
+ "VDD = 12.##drain voltage\n",
+ "VDS = VDD - ID*RD\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VDD = \",(VDD),\"V\")##drain voltage\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"RD = \",(RD),\"ohm\")##drain resistance\n",
+ "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"VDS = VDD - ID*RD = \",(VDS),\"V\")##voltage across drain and source\n",
+ "\n",
+ "## note : notification used for saturated drain-soucre current is given wrong in question i.e., IDS but is right in solution i.e., IDSS.\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "IDSS = 0.01 A\n",
+ "Vp = -6.00 V\n",
+ "VGS = -2.00 V\n",
+ "ID = IDSS*(1-(VGS/Vp))^2 = 3.56e-03 A\n",
+ "VDD = 12.00 V\n",
+ "RD = 2000.00 ohm\n",
+ "VDS = VDD - ID*RD = 4.89 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
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