diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23.ipynb')
| -rwxr-xr-x | Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23.ipynb | 618 |
1 files changed, 618 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23.ipynb b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..a842cb81 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Principles/Chapter_23.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,618 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": ""
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "CHAPTER 23 OSCILLATORS"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-1, Page 897 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "R1=100.0*10**3 #non-inverting input resistance wiper R1(Ohm)\n",
+ "R2=1.0*10**3 #non-inverting input resistance R2(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=0.01*10**-6 #capacitance at non-inverting input(F)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "R=R1+R2 #max. total resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "fr1=(2*math.pi*R*C)**-1 #minimum frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "R=R2 #min. total resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "fr2=(2*math.pi*R*C)**-1 #maximum frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'minimum frequency fr = ',round(fr1,2),'Hz'\n",
+ "print 'maximum frequency fr = ',round((fr2/1000),2),'KHz'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "minimum frequency fr = 157.58 Hz\n",
+ "maximum frequency fr = 15.92 KHz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-2, Page 897"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "Rf=2 #feedback resistance(KOhm)\n",
+ "Rl=1 #lamp resistance(KOhm)\n",
+ "Vl=2 #lamp voltage(V)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Il=Vl/Rl #lamp current(mA)\n",
+ "Vout=Il*(Rf+Rl) #output voltage of oscillator(V)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'Lamp current = ',Il,'mA'\n",
+ "print 'output voltage of oscillator = ',Vout,'Vrms'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Lamp current = 2 mA\n",
+ "output voltage of oscillator = 6 Vrms\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-3, Page 904"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "C1=0.001*10**-6 #capacitance in oscillator(F)\n",
+ "C2=0.01*10**-6 #capacitance in oscillator(F)\n",
+ "L=15*10**-6 #inductance(H)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "C=C1*C2/(C1+C2) #equivalent capacitance(F)\n",
+ "fr=(2*math.pi*((L*C)**0.5))**-1 #oscillation frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "B=C1/C2 #feedback fraction\n",
+ "Av_min=C2/C1 #minimum voltage gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'feedback fraction B = ',B\n",
+ "print 'oscillation frequency fr = ',round((fr*10**-6),2),'MHz'\n",
+ "print 'minimum voltage gain Av(min) = ',Av_min"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "feedback fraction B = 0.1\n",
+ "oscillation frequency fr = 1.36 MHz\n",
+ "minimum voltage gain Av(min) = 10.0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-4, Page 908"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "C1=0.001*10**-6 #capacitance in oscillator(F)\n",
+ "C2=0.01*10**-6 #capacitance in oscillator(F)\n",
+ "C3=50.0*10**-12 #capacitance in oscillator(F)\n",
+ "L=15*10**-6 #inductance(H)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "C=(C1**-1+C2**-1+C3**-1)**-1 #equivalent capacitance(F)\n",
+ "fr=(2*math.pi*((L*C)**0.5))**-1 #oscillation frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'oscillation frequency fr = ',round((fr*10**-6),2),'MHz'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "oscillation frequency fr = 5.97 MHz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-5, Page 912"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Cs=0.05*10**-12 #series capacitance in oscillator(F)\n",
+ "Cm=10.0*10**-12 #capacitance in oscillator(F)\n",
+ "R=2.0*10**3 #resistance in oscillator(Ohm)\n",
+ "L=3 #inductance(H)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "fs=(2*math.pi*((L*Cs)**0.5))**-1 #series resonant frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "Cp=Cs*Cm/(Cs+Cm) #equvalent parallel capacitance(F)\n",
+ "fp=(2*math.pi*((L*Cp)**0.5))**-1 #parallel resonant frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'series resonant frequency fs = ',math.ceil(fs*10**-3),'KHz'\n",
+ "print 'parallel resonant frequency fp = ',math.ceil(fp*10**-3),'KHz'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "series resonant frequency fs = 411.0 KHz\n",
+ "parallel resonant frequency fp = 412.0 KHz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-6, Page 918"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "VCC=12.0 #given supply voltage(V)\n",
+ "R=33*10**3 #given resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=0.47*10**-6 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "LTP=VCC/3 #trip point LTP (V)\n",
+ "UTP=2*LTP #trip point UTP (V)\n",
+ "W=1.1*R*C #pulse width of output(s)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'trigger voltage LTP = ',LTP,'V'\n",
+ "print 'trigger voltage UTP = ',UTP,'V'\n",
+ "print 'pulse width W = ',W*10**3,'ms'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "trigger voltage LTP = 4.0 V\n",
+ "trigger voltage UTP = 8.0 V\n",
+ "pulse width W = 17.061 ms\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-7, Page 919"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "R=10*10**6 #given resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=470*10**-6 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "W=1.1*R*C #pulse width of output(s)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'pulse width W = ',W,'s = ',round((W/3600),2),'hours'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "pulse width W = 5170.0 s = 1.44 hours\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-8, Page 922"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "R1=75.0*10**3 #given resistance1(Ohm)\n",
+ "R2=30.0*10**3 #given resistance2(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=47.0*10**-9 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "f=1.44/((R1+(2*R2))*C) #frequency (Hz)\n",
+ "D=(R1+R2)/(R1+(2*R2)) #duty cycle \n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'frequency f = ',round(f,2),'Hz' \n",
+ "print 'duty cycle D = ',round((D*100),2),'%'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "frequency f = 226.95 Hz\n",
+ "duty cycle D = 77.78 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-9, Page 923"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCC=12.0 #given supply voltage(V)\n",
+ "R1=75.0*10**3 #given resistance1(Ohm)\n",
+ "R2=30.0*10**3 #given resistance2(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=47.0*10**-9 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "Vcon1=11 #given Vcon(V) \n",
+ "Vcon2=1 #given Vcon(V) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "W1=-(R1+R2)*C*(math.log((VCC-Vcon1)/(VCC-(0.5*Vcon1)))) #pulse width(s)\n",
+ "T1=W1+(0.693*R2*C) #period(s)\n",
+ "D1=W1/T1 #duty cycle\n",
+ "f1=1/T1 #frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "W2=-(R1+R2)*C*(math.log((VCC-Vcon2)/(VCC-(0.5*Vcon2)))) #pulse width(s)\n",
+ "T2=W2+(0.693*R2*C) #period(s)\n",
+ "D2=W2/T2 #duty cycle\n",
+ "f2=1/T2 #frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'For Vcon = 11V,'\n",
+ "print 'frequency f = ',round(f1,2),'Hz'\n",
+ "print 'duty cycle D = ',round((D1*100),2),'%'\n",
+ "print 'For Vcon = 1V,'\n",
+ "print 'frequency f = ',round(f2,2),'Hz'\n",
+ "print 'duty cycle D = ',round((D2*100),2),'%'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "For Vcon = 11V,\n",
+ "frequency f = 97.9 Hz\n",
+ "duty cycle D = 90.43 %\n",
+ "For Vcon = 1V,\n",
+ "frequency f = 835.77 Hz\n",
+ "duty cycle D = 18.33 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-10, Page 927"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "VCC=12.0 #given supply voltage(V)\n",
+ "R=9.1*10**3 #given resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=0.01*10**-6 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "f=2.5*10**3 #given frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "Vmod=2 #peak value of modulating signal(V) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "T=1/f #period of output pulse(s)\n",
+ "W=1.1*R*C #pulse width(s)\n",
+ "UTP_max=(2*VCC/3)+Vmod #maximum UTP(V)\n",
+ "UTP_min=(2*VCC/3)-Vmod #minimum UTP(V)\n",
+ "Wmin=-R*C*(math.log(1-(UTP_min/VCC))) #minimum pulse width(s)\n",
+ "Wmax=-R*C*(math.log(1-(UTP_max/VCC))) #maximum pulse width(s)\n",
+ "Dmin=Wmin/T #minimum duty cycle\n",
+ "Dmax=Wmax/T #maximum duty cycle\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'period of output pulse T = ',T*10**6,'us'\n",
+ "print 'Quiscent pulse width W = ',W*10**6,'us'\n",
+ "print 'minimum UTP = ',UTP_min,'V'\n",
+ "print 'maximum UTP = ',UTP_max,'V'\n",
+ "print 'minimum pulse width W(min) = ',round((Wmin*10**6),2),'us'\n",
+ "print 'maximum pulse width W(max) = ',round((Wmax*10**6),2),'us'\n",
+ "print 'minimum duty cycle D(min) = ',round((Dmin*100),2),'%'\n",
+ "print 'maximum duty cycle D(max) = ',round((Dmax*100),2),'%'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "period of output pulse T = 400.0 us\n",
+ "Quiscent pulse width W = 100.1 us\n",
+ "minimum UTP = 6.0 V\n",
+ "maximum UTP = 10.0 V\n",
+ "minimum pulse width W(min) = 63.08 us\n",
+ "maximum pulse width W(max) = 163.05 us\n",
+ "minimum duty cycle D(min) = 15.77 %\n",
+ "maximum duty cycle D(max) = 40.76 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-11, Page 928"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "VCC=12.0 #given supply voltage(V)\n",
+ "R1=3.9*10**3 #given resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "R2=3*10**3 #given resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=0.01*10**-6 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "Vmod=1.5 #peak value of modulating signal(V) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "W=0.693*(R1+R2)*C #pulse width(s)\n",
+ "T=0.693*(R1+(2*R2))*C #period of output pulse(s)\n",
+ "UTP_max=(2*VCC/3)+Vmod #maximum UTP(V)\n",
+ "UTP_min=(2*VCC/3)-Vmod #minimum UTP(V)\n",
+ "Wmin=-(R1+R2)*C*(math.log((VCC-UTP_min)/(VCC-(0.5*UTP_min)))) #minimum pulse width(s)\n",
+ "Wmax=-(R1+R2)*C*(math.log((VCC-UTP_max)/(VCC-(0.5*UTP_max)))) #minimum pulse width(s)\n",
+ "Tmin=Wmin+(0.693*R2*C) #minimum period(s)\n",
+ "Tmax=Wmax+(0.693*R2*C) #maximum period(s)\n",
+ "s=0.693*R2*C #space(s)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'period of output pulse T = ',T*10**6,'us'\n",
+ "print 'Quiscent pulse width W = ',W*10**6,'us'\n",
+ "print 'minimum UTP = ',UTP_min,'V'\n",
+ "print 'maximum UTP = ',UTP_max,'V'\n",
+ "print 'minimum pulse width W(min) = ',round((Wmin*10**6),2),'us'\n",
+ "print 'maximum pulse width W(max) = ',round((Wmax*10**6),2),'us'\n",
+ "print 'minimum period T(min) = ',round((Tmin*10**6),2),'us'\n",
+ "print 'maximum period T(max) = ',round((Tmax*10**6),2),'us'\n",
+ "print 'space = ',round((s*10**6),2),'us'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "period of output pulse T = 68.607 us\n",
+ "Quiscent pulse width W = 47.817 us\n",
+ "minimum UTP = 6.5 V\n",
+ "maximum UTP = 9.5 V\n",
+ "minimum pulse width W(min) = 32.04 us\n",
+ "maximum pulse width W(max) = 73.47 us\n",
+ "minimum period T(min) = 52.83 us\n",
+ "maximum period T(max) = 94.26 us\n",
+ "space = 20.79 us\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-12, Page 929"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "VCC=15.0 #given supply voltage(V)\n",
+ "C=100*10**-9 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "Ic=1*10**-3 #collector current (A)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "S=Ic/C #slope(V/s) \n",
+ "V=2*VCC/3 #peak value(V)\n",
+ "T=V/S #duration of ramp(s) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'slope is ',S/1000,'V/ms'\n",
+ "print 'Peak value V = ',V,'V'\n",
+ "print 'duration of ramp = ',T*10**3,'ms'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "slope is 10.0 V/ms\n",
+ "Peak value V = 10.0 V\n",
+ "duration of ramp = 1.0 ms\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 35
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-13, Page 938"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "R=10*10**3 #given resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=0.01*10**-6 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "f0=(R*C)**-1 #output frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'output frequency f0 = ',f0/1000,'KHz' "
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "output frequency f0 = 10.0 KHz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 37
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 23-14, Page 938"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "R1=1.0*10**3 #given resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "R2=2.0*10**3 #given resistance(Ohm)\n",
+ "C=0.1*10**-6 #given capacitance(F)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "f=(2/C)*((R1+R2)**-1) #output frequency(Hz)\n",
+ "D=R1/(R1+R2) #duty cycle\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'output frequency f = ',round((f/1000),2),'KHz' \n",
+ "print 'duty cycle = ',round((D*100),2),'%'"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "output frequency f = 6.67 KHz\n",
+ "duty cycle = 33.33 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file |