diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta')
12 files changed, 5567 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_01.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_01.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..121ebd92 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_01.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:c3629d79b20d53403694041229a5d247c5124b08a5efee82e15fa82e9980a3f5" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 1 : Units, Dimensions and Standards" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example - 1.1 : Page No- 14" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "# Given data\n", + "V_desh= 100 # in V\n", + "I_desh= 10 # in amp\n", + "R_desh= V_desh/I_desh # in \u03a9\n", + "print \"New unit of resistance = %0.f \u03a9\" %R_desh\n", + "C_desh= I_desh/V_desh # in F\n", + "print \"New unit of capacitance = %0.1f Farad\" %C_desh\n", + "L_desh= V_desh/I_desh # in L\n", + "print \"New unit of inductance = %0.f Henrys\" %L_desh" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "New unit of resistance = 10 \u03a9\n", + "New unit of capacitance = 0.1 Farad\n", + "New unit of inductance = 10 Henrys\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_02.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_02.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8b8c6f98 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_02.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,1047 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:be43ce8cfcf757315834ebcb5892c350b5dbd49ea038d4267cd2840c005e466a" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 02 : Measurement Errors" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.1 - Page No : 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Am= 10.25 # in ohm\n", + "A= 10.22 # in ohm\n", + "del_A= Am-A # in ohm\n", + "print \"Absolute error = %0.2f ohm\" %del_A" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Absolute error = 0.03 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.2 - Page No : 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Am= 6.7 # in A\n", + "A= 6.54 # in A\n", + "del_A= Am-A # in A\n", + "print \"Absolute error = %0.2f A\" %del_A\n", + "print \"Correction = %0.2f A\" %(-del_A)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Absolute error = 0.16 A\n", + "Correction = -0.16 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.3 - Page No : 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Am= 25.34 # in watt\n", + "del_A= -0.11 # in watt\n", + "A= Am-del_A \n", + "print \"True value = %0.2f watt\" %A" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "True value = 25.45 watt\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.4 - Page No : 24\n", + " " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Given data\n", + "Am= 205.3*10**-6 # in F\n", + "A= 201.4*10**-6 # in F\n", + "epsilon_o= Am-A \n", + "epsilon_r= epsilon_o/A*100 # in %\n", + "print \"Percentage relative error = %0.2f %%\" %epsilon_r" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage relative error = 1.94 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.5 - Page No : 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division \n", + "#Given data\n", + "PerError= 5 # in %\n", + "epsilon_r= PerError/100 \n", + "Am=20 # in H\n", + "del_A= Am*epsilon_r \n", + "# A= Am+del_A and A= Am-del_A\n", + "print \"Limiting value of inductance =\",int(Am),\"\u00b1\",int(del_A),\"in Henry\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Limiting value of inductance = 20 \u00b1 1 in Henry\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.6 - Page No : 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "V=600 # in volt\n", + "A= 400 #in volt\n", + "epsilon_r= 2.5/100 \n", + "del_V= epsilon_r*V \n", + "PerLimitError= del_V/A*100 # in %\n", + "print \"The percentage limiting error at 400 volt = \u00b1 %0.2f %%\" %PerLimitError " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The percentage limiting error at 400 volt = \u00b1 3.75 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.7 - Page No : 25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Am= 500 # in watt\n", + "epsilon_r= 1.5/100 # in neg and pos\n", + "# for positive value of epsilon_r\n", + "A1= Am*(1+epsilon_r) # in watt\n", + "# for positive value of epsilon_r\n", + "A2= Am*(1-epsilon_r) # in watt\n", + "print \"Range of reading of wattmeter is \",round(A2,1),\" watt to \",round(A1,1),\" watt\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Range of reading of wattmeter is 492.5 watt to 507.5 watt\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.8 - Page No : 25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "epsilon_r= 1.5/100 # in neg and pos\n", + "A= 10 # in amp\n", + "del_A= epsilon_r*A #in amp\n", + "# The magnitude of current being measured is 2.5 A. The relative error at this current is \n", + "A= 2.5 # in amp\n", + "epsilon_r= del_A/A \n", + "# Hence, the current under measurement is between the limits of\n", + "Am= 2.5 #in amp\n", + "# for positive value of epsilon_r\n", + "A1= Am*(1+epsilon_r) # in amp\n", + "# for positive value of epsilon_r\n", + "A2= Am*(1-epsilon_r) # in amp\n", + "print \"Limiting values of current under measurement are \",round(A2,2),\" amp to \",round(A1,2),\" amp\"\n", + "LimitingError= del_A/A*100 # in %\n", + "print \"Limiting Error = %0.f %%\" %LimitingError" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Limiting values of current under measurement are 2.35 amp to 2.65 amp\n", + "Limiting Error = 6 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.9 - Page No : 25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "epsilon_r= 1/100 \n", + "P=1000 # in watt\n", + "del_P= epsilon_r*P # in watt\n", + "# The magnitude of the power being measured is 100 watts.\n", + "PerLimitError= del_P/100*100 # in %\n", + "print \"The percentage limiting error at 1000 =\",int(PerLimitError),\"%\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The percentage limiting error at 1000 = 10 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 22 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.10 - Page No : 25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "# For positive value of error\n", + "R1= 100+100*2/100 #in ohm\n", + "R2= 200+200*2.5/100 # in ohm\n", + "AddR1R2_pos= R1+R2 # in ohm\n", + "# For negative value of error\n", + "R1= 100-100*2/100 #in ohm\n", + "R2= 200-200*2.5/100 # in ohm\n", + "AddR1R2_neg= R1+R2 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Values of R1+R2 =\",int(AddR1R2_neg),\"ohm to\",int(AddR1R2_pos),\"ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Values of R1+R2 = 293 ohm to 307 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 25 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.12 - Page No : 26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "AV= 110.2 # true value of voltage in volt\n", + "AI= 5.3 # true value of current in amp\n", + "v= 0.2 # uncertainties in voltage in volt\n", + "i= 0.6 # uncertainties in current in amp\n", + "PLV= v/AV*100 # percentage limiting error to voltage drop\n", + "PLC= i/AI*100 # percentage limiting error to current\n", + "P= AV*AI # in watt\n", + "print \"The power dissipated in the resistor = %0.2f watt\" %P\n", + "LE_P= (PLV+PLC) # limiting error in the power dissipation in pos and neg\n", + "print \"The limiting error in the power dissipation = \u00b1 %0.2f\" %LE_P\n", + "print \"Power dissipation =\",round(P-P*LE_P/100,2),\"W to \",round(P+P*LE_P/100,2),\"W\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The power dissipated in the resistor = 584.06 watt\n", + "The limiting error in the power dissipation = \u00b1 11.50\n", + "Power dissipation = 516.88 W to 651.24 W\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 31 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.13 - Page No : 26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "AR= 100 # true value of resistance in ohm\n", + "AI= 2 # true value of current in amp\n", + "R= 0.2 # uncertainties in resistance in ohm\n", + "I= 0.01 # uncertainties in current in amp\n", + "PLR= R/AR*100 # percentage limiting error to resistance\n", + "PLC= I/AI*100 # percentage limiting error to current\n", + "P=AI**2*AR # in watt\n", + "LE_P= 2*PLC+PLR # limiting error in the power dissipation \n", + "print \"Power dissipation =\",round(P-P*LE_P/100,1),\"W to\",round(P+P*LE_P/100,1),\"W\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Power dissipation = 395.2 W to 404.8 W\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 33 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.14 - Page No : 27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "FullScaleReading= 200 # in V\n", + "N= 100 # Number of division of scale\n", + "SD= FullScaleReading/N # 1 scale division\n", + "Resolution = 1/5*SD # in v\n", + "print \"The value of resolution = %0.1f volts\" %Resolution" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of resolution = 0.4 volts\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 36 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.15 - Page No : 34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "# u= 150+2.4 miu F and 150-2.4 miu F\n", + "# v= 120+1.5 miu F and 120-1.5 miu F\n", + "y=150+120 \n", + "del_y = 2.4+1.5 # Pos and neg\n", + "print \"Limiting error with pos and neg = \u00b1 %0.1f miu F\" %del_y\n", + "RelLimError= del_y/y*100 # in %\n", + "print \"Relative limiting error with pos and neg = %0.2f %%\" %RelLimError " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Limiting error with pos and neg = \u00b1 3.9 miu F\n", + "Relative limiting error with pos and neg = 1.44 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 38 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.16 - Page No : 35" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R1= 1 #in kohm\n", + "R1=R1*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "del_R1ByR1= 1 \n", + "del_R2ByR2= 1 \n", + "R2= 500 #in kohm\n", + "R= R1*R2/(R1+R2) #in ohm\n", + "# Let R= X/Y\n", + "X= R1*R2 \n", + "Y=R1+R2 \n", + "ErrorX= del_R1ByR1+del_R2ByR2 # with pos and neg\n", + "# ErrorY= del_R1/Y + del_R2/Y = R1/Y*del_R1ByR1 + R2/Y*del_R2ByR2\n", + "ErrorY= R1/Y*del_R1ByR1 + R2/Y*del_R2ByR2 # with pos and neg\n", + "PerError= ErrorX+ErrorY # in % with pos and neg\n", + "print \"Percentage error (maximum posible) in equivalent parallel resistance = \u00b1 %0.f %%\" %PerError\n", + "Error= 333.33*PerError/100 \n", + "Error=round(Error) \n", + "print \"Error (maximum possible) in equivalent parallel resistance = %0.f ohm\" %Error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage error (maximum posible) in equivalent parallel resistance = \u00b1 3 %\n", + "Error (maximum possible) in equivalent parallel resistance = 10 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 41 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.17 - Page No : 35" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R1= 200 #in ohm\n", + "R2= 100 #in ohm\n", + "R3= 50 #in ohm\n", + "del_R1ByR1= 5 \n", + "del_R2ByR2= 5 \n", + "del_R3ByR3= 5 \n", + "# Part (i) when the resistance are connected in series\n", + "Rse= R1+R2+R3 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Equivalent resistance when connected in seried = %0.f ohm\" %Rse \n", + "LimError= R1/Rse*del_R1ByR1 + R2/Rse*del_R2ByR2 + R3/Rse*del_R3ByR3 \n", + "print \"Relative limiting error of series resistances = \u00b1 %0.f %%\" %LimError\n", + "LimError= Rse*LimError/100 #relative limiting error of series equivalent resistance in ohm\n", + "print \"Relative limiting error of series equivalent resistance = \u00b1 %0.1f ohm\" %LimError\n", + "\n", + "# Part(ii) when the resistance are connected in parallel\n", + "Rp= R1*R2*R3/(R1*R2+R2*R3+R3*R1) \n", + "print \"Equivalent resistance when connected in parallel = %0.2f ohm\" %Rp\n", + "# Let Rp= X/Y\n", + "X= R1*R2*R3 \n", + "Y=R1*R2+R2*R3+R3*R1 \n", + "y1= R1*R2 \n", + "y2= R2*R3 \n", + "y3= R3*R1 \n", + "ErrorX= del_R1ByR1 + del_R2ByR2 + del_R3ByR3 \n", + "Errory1= del_R1ByR1 + del_R2ByR2 \n", + "Errory2= del_R2ByR2 + del_R3ByR3 \n", + "Errory3= del_R3ByR3 + del_R1ByR1 \n", + "ErrorY= ( y1/Y*Errory1 + y2/Y*Errory2 + y3/Y*Errory3)\n", + "LimError= ErrorX + ErrorY \n", + "print \"Percentage error (maximum possible) in equivalent parallel resistance = \u00b1 %0.f %%\" %LimError\n", + "LimError= Rp*LimError/100 \n", + "print \"Error (maximum possible) in equivalent parallel resistance = %0.4f ohm\" %LimError" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Equivalent resistance when connected in seried = 350 ohm\n", + "Relative limiting error of series resistances = \u00b1 5 %\n", + "Relative limiting error of series equivalent resistance = \u00b1 17.5 ohm\n", + "Equivalent resistance when connected in parallel = 28.57 ohm\n", + "Percentage error (maximum possible) in equivalent parallel resistance = \u00b1 25 %\n", + "Error (maximum possible) in equivalent parallel resistance = 7.1429 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 45 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.18 - Page No : 36" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "epsilon_r= 1.5/100 \n", + "V=100 # in volt\n", + "I=150 # in mA\n", + "del_V= epsilon_r*V # in volt\n", + "Vm= 70 # magnitude of voltage being measured in volt\n", + "PerLimError_V= del_V/Vm*100 # in %\n", + "del_I= epsilon_r*I # in mA\n", + "Im= 80 #in mA\n", + "PerLimError_C= del_I/Im*100 # in %\n", + "P= Vm*Im/1000 # in watt\n", + "RelLImError_P= (PerLimError_V+PerLimError_C) # in %\n", + "print \"Relative limiting error in power measurement = %0.3f %%\" %RelLImError_P " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Relative limiting error in power measurement = 4.955 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 46 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.19 - Page No : 37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "E= 200 # in V\n", + "del_E_by_E= 1 \n", + "R=1000 # in ohm\n", + "del_R_by_R= 5 \n", + "P=E**2/R # in watt\n", + "print \"Normal power consumed = %0.f watt\" %P\n", + "LimError= 2*del_E_by_E+del_R_by_R # in %\n", + "print \"Relative limiting error in measurement of power = \u00b1 %0.f %%\" %LimError\n", + "LimError= LimError*P/100 #in watt\n", + "print \"Limiting error of power = \u00b1 %0.1f watt\" %LimError" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Normal power consumed = 40 watt\n", + "Relative limiting error in measurement of power = \u00b1 7 %\n", + "Limiting error of power = \u00b1 2.8 watt\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 47 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.20 - Page No : 37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R1= 500 # in ohm\n", + "R2= 615 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 100 # in ohm\n", + "delR1ByR1= 1 \n", + "delR2ByR2= 1 \n", + "delR3ByR3= 0.5 \n", + "# Part(i)\n", + "R4=R1*R2/R3 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance = %0.f ohm\" %R4\n", + "delR4ByR4= delR1ByR1+delR2ByR2+delR3ByR3 \n", + "print \"Relative limiting error of unknown resistance = \u00b1 %0.1f %%\" %delR4ByR4\n", + "LimError= R4*delR4ByR4/100 \n", + "print \"Limiting error = %0.3f ohms\" %LimError " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance = 3075 ohm\n", + "Relative limiting error of unknown resistance = \u00b1 2.5 %\n", + "Limiting error = 76.875 ohms\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 48 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.21 - Page No : 37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "del_PbyP=0.5 \n", + "del_CbyC=1 \n", + "del_VbyV=1 \n", + "del_PFbyPF=del_PbyP + del_CbyC + del_VbyV \n", + "print \"Relative limiting error = \u00b1 %0.1f %%\" %del_PFbyPF" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Relative limiting error = \u00b1 2.5 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 49 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.22 - Page No : 37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "C=1 # in miu F\n", + "C=C*10**-6 # in F\n", + "P=1000 # in ohm\n", + "Q=2000 # in ohm\n", + "r=200 # in ohm\n", + "S=2000 # in ohm\n", + "del_C_by_C= 1 \n", + "del_P_by_P= 0.4 \n", + "del_Q_by_Q= 1 \n", + "del_r_by_r= 0.5 \n", + "del_S_by_S= 0.5 \n", + "Lx= C*P/S*(r*(Q+S)+Q*S) # in Henry\n", + "print \"Unknown inductance = %0.1f Henry\" %Lx\n", + "# Let\n", + "u=Q+S # in ohm\n", + "Error_u= Q/u*del_Q_by_Q + S/u*del_S_by_S # in %\n", + "# Let v= r*(Q+S) = r*u\n", + "v= r*(Q+S) \n", + "Error_v= del_r_by_r + Error_u # in %\n", + "# Let \n", + "x=Q*S \n", + "Error_x= del_Q_by_Q + del_S_by_S # in %\n", + "# Let y= r*(Q+S)+Q*S = v+x\n", + "y=v+x \n", + "Error_y= v/y*Error_v + x/y*Error_x # in %\n", + "del_Lx_by_Lx= del_C_by_C + del_P_by_P + del_S_by_S + Error_y # in %\n", + "print \"Percentage error in inductance = %0.3f %%\" %del_Lx_by_Lx" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown inductance = 2.4 Henry\n", + "Percentage error in inductance = 3.358 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 51 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.23 - Page No : 38" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from numpy import pi \n", + "#Given data\n", + "R=100 # in ohm\n", + "del_R_by_R= 5 \n", + "L=2 # in Henry\n", + "del_L_by_L= 10 \n", + "omega= 2*pi*50 \n", + "# Let\n", + "u=R**2 \n", + "Error_u= 2*del_R_by_R \n", + "# Let\n", + "v= omega**2*L**2 \n", + "Error_v= 2*del_L_by_L \n", + "# Let \n", + "x= u+v \n", + "Error_x= u/x*Error_u + v/x*Error_v # in %\n", + "# Now\n", + "Z= x**(1/2) \n", + "Error_Z= 1/2*Error_x \n", + "print \"The uncertainly in the measurement of Z = %0.3f %%\" %Error_Z" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The uncertainly in the measurement of Z = 9.876 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 53 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.24 - Page No : 40" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import sqrt\n", + "#Given data\n", + "x1= 49.7 \n", + "x2= 50.1 \n", + "x3= 50.2 \n", + "x4= 49.6 \n", + "x5= 49.7 \n", + "n=5 \n", + "x_bar= (x1+x2+x3+x4+x5)/5 \n", + "d1= x1-x_bar \n", + "d2= x2-x_bar \n", + "d3= x3-x_bar \n", + "d4= x4-x_bar \n", + "d5= x5-x_bar \n", + "s= sqrt((d1**2+d2**2+d3**2+d4**2+d5**2)/(n-1)) \n", + "print \"The value of standard deviation = %0.2f\" %s" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of standard deviation = 0.27\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 55 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.25 - Page No : 44" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "x1= 41.7 \n", + "x2= 42 \n", + "x3= 41.8 \n", + "x4= 42 \n", + "x5= 42.1 \n", + "x6= 41.9 \n", + "x7= 42.5 \n", + "x8= 42 \n", + "x9= 41.9 \n", + "x10=41.8 \n", + "n=10 \n", + "# (i)\n", + "x_bar= (x1+x2+x3+x4+x5+x6+x7+x8+x9+x10)/10 \n", + "print \"Arithmetic mean = %0.2f\" %x_bar\n", + "d1= x1-x_bar \n", + "d2= x2-x_bar \n", + "d3= x3-x_bar \n", + "d4= x4-x_bar \n", + "d5= x5-x_bar \n", + "d6= x6-x_bar \n", + "d7= x7-x_bar \n", + "d8= x8-x_bar \n", + "d9= x9-x_bar \n", + "d10= x10-x_bar \n", + "# (ii)\n", + "sigma= sqrt((d1**2+d2**2+d3**2+d4**2+d5**2+d6**2+d7**2+d8**2+d9**2+d10**2)/(n-1)) \n", + "print \"The value of standard deviation = %0.3f\" %sigma \n", + "\n", + "# (iii)\n", + "r= 0.6745*sigma \n", + "print \"Probable error of one reading = %0.3f\" %r" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithmetic mean = 41.97\n", + "The value of standard deviation = 0.221\n", + "Probable error of one reading = 0.149\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 56 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 2.26 - Page No : 45" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "x1= 1.570 \n", + "x2= 1.597 \n", + "x3= 1.591 \n", + "x4= 1.562 \n", + "x5= 1.577 \n", + "x6= 1.580 \n", + "x7= 1.564 \n", + "x8= 1.586 \n", + "x9= 1.550 \n", + "x10=1.575 \n", + "n=10 \n", + "# (i)\n", + "x_bar= (x1+x2+x3+x4+x5+x6+x7+x8+x9+x10)/10 \n", + "print \"Arithmetic mean = %0.4f gramme\" %x_bar\n", + "d1= x1-x_bar \n", + "d2= x2-x_bar \n", + "d3= x3-x_bar \n", + "d4= x4-x_bar \n", + "d5= x5-x_bar \n", + "d6= x6-x_bar \n", + "d7= x7-x_bar \n", + "d8= x8-x_bar \n", + "d9= x9-x_bar \n", + "d10= x10-x_bar \n", + "\n", + "# (ii)\n", + "D= (abs(d1)+abs(d2)+abs(d3)+abs(d4)+abs(d5)+abs(d6)+abs(d7)+abs(d8)+abs(d9)+abs(d10))/n # in gramme\n", + "print \"Average deviation = %0.3f gramme\" %D\n", + "\n", + "# (iii)\n", + "sigma= sqrt((d1**2+d2**2+d3**2+d4**2+d5**2+d6**2+d7**2+d8**2+d9**2+d10**2)/(n-1)) # in gramme\n", + "print \"Standard deviation = %0.5f gramme\" %sigma \n", + "\n", + "# (iv)\n", + "V= sigma**2 # variance in gramme**2\n", + "print \"Variance = %0.3e gramme**2\" %V \n", + "\n", + "# (v)\n", + "r= 0.6745*sigma # in gramme\n", + "print \"Probable error = %0.4f gramme\" %r\n", + "\n", + "# (vi)\n", + "rm= r/sqrt(n-1) # in gramme\n", + "print \"Probable error of mean = %0.4f gramme\" %rm" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithmetic mean = 1.5752 gramme\n", + "Average deviation = 0.011 gramme\n", + "Standard deviation = 0.01426 gramme\n", + "Variance = 2.033e-04 gramme**2\n", + "Probable error = 0.0096 gramme\n", + "Probable error of mean = 0.0032 gramme\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 63 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_03.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_03.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..077b1bb4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_03.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,858 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:4e527403e3e23cec992884b304469d3eb94c6edd5b7caf76ef7e787ddafbe409" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 3 : PMMC Instruments" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.1 - Page No : 57" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "N= 100 \n", + "A=4*3 # in cm**2\n", + "A=A*10**-4 # in m**2\n", + "i=20 # in mA\n", + "i=i*10**-3 # in A\n", + "B=0.05 # in T\n", + "T=N*i*B*A #in Nm\n", + "print \"Torque developed by the coil = %0.1e Nm\" %T" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Torque developed by the coil = 1.2e-04 Nm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.2 - Page No : 57" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "N= 125 \n", + "A=4*2.5 # in cm**2\n", + "A=A*10**-4 # in m**2\n", + "i=25 # in mA\n", + "i=i*10**-3 # in A\n", + "B=0.06 # in T\n", + "Td=N*i*B*A #in Nm\n", + "Tc_BY_theta= 25*10**-7 # in Nm/\u00b0\n", + "# Formula Tc=Td\n", + "theta= Td/Tc_BY_theta # in \u00b0\n", + "print \"Deflection = %0.f degree\" %theta" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Deflection = 75 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.3 - Page No :57" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#Given data\n", + "N= 100 \n", + "B=6*10**-2 # in Wb/m**2\n", + "A=3*4 # in cm**2\n", + "A=A*10**-4 # in m**2\n", + "V=300 # in volt\n", + "R=12000 # in ohm\n", + "i= V/R # in amp\n", + "Td=N*i*B*A #in Nm\n", + "Tc_BY_theta= 25*10**-7 # in Nm/\u00b0\n", + "# Formula Tc=Td\n", + "theta= Td/Tc_BY_theta # in \u00b0\n", + "print \"Deflection = %0.f degree\" %theta" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Deflection = 72 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.4 - Page No : 62" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from numpy import pi\n", + "#Given data\n", + "d= 42 # in mm\n", + "d=d*10**-3 # in meter\n", + "r= 0.6 # in meter\n", + "# Formula d= 2*theta*r\n", + "theta= d/(2*r) # radian\n", + "theta= 180*theta/pi # in \u00b0\n", + "print \"Angle through which coil turn = %0.f\u00b0\" %theta " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Angle through which coil turn = 2\u00b0\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.5 - Page No : 62" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "B=1.8*10**-3 # in Wb/m**2\n", + "K= 1.4*10**-7 # in Nm/radian\n", + "theta= 90 # in \u00b0\n", + "theta=theta*pi/180 \n", + "Tc= K*theta # in N-m\n", + "i=5 # in mA\n", + "i=i*10**-3 # in amp\n", + "A=1.5*1.2 # in cm**2\n", + "A=A*10**-4 # in m**2\n", + "# Formula Tc= Td= B*i*A*N \n", + "N= Tc/(B*i*A) \n", + "N=round(N) \n", + "print \"Number of turns = %0.f\" %N " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Number of turns = 136\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.6 - Page No : 63" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "B=0.1 # in T\n", + "C= 100*10**-7 # in Nm/radian\n", + "theta= 120 # in \u00b0\n", + "theta=theta*pi/180 \n", + "Tc= C*theta # in N-m\n", + "N=200 # number of turns\n", + "A=2.5*2 # in cm**2\n", + "A=A*10**-4 # in m**2\n", + "# Formula Tc= Td= B*i*A*N \n", + "i= Tc/(B*A*N) # in amp\n", + "print \"Current in the coil = %0.4f mA\" %(i*10**3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Current in the coil = 2.0944 mA\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.7 - Page No : 63" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "d=150 # in mm\n", + "i=2.5 # in micro amp\n", + "R=200 # in ohm\n", + "V= R*i # in micro volt\n", + "r=2.5 # in meter\n", + "# Part(i)\n", + "Si= d/i # in mm/micro amp\n", + "print \"Current sensitivity = %0.f mm/\u00b5A\" %Si\n", + "\n", + "# Part(ii)\n", + "Sv= d/V # in mm/micro volt\n", + "print \"Voltage sensitivity = %0.1f mm/\u00b5V\" %Sv\n", + "\n", + "# Part(iii)\n", + "So= 1/(1/60*10**-6) # in ohm/mm\n", + "So=So*10**-6 # in Mohm\n", + "print \"Megohm sensitivity = %0.f Mohm/mm\" %So\n", + "\n", + "# Part(iv)\n", + "i=5 # in micro amp\n", + "d=60*i # in mm\n", + "d=d*10**-3 # in meter\n", + "theta=d/(2*r) #in radian \n", + "print \"The value of deflection = %0.2f radians\" %theta" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Current sensitivity = 60 mm/\u00b5A\n", + "Voltage sensitivity = 0.3 mm/\u00b5V\n", + "Megohm sensitivity = 60 Mohm/mm\n", + "The value of deflection = 0.06 radians\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 19 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.8 - Page No : 65" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Im= 50*10**-6 # in amp\n", + "Rm= 1000 # in ohm\n", + "I=1 # in amp\n", + "Rs= Rm/(I/Im-1) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of ammeter shunt required = %0.7f ohm\" %Rs" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of ammeter shunt required = 0.0500025 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.9 - Page No : 65" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from fractions import Fraction\n", + "#Given data\n", + "Rm= 1.0 # in ohm\n", + "Rse= 4999 # in ohm\n", + "V=250 # full scale deflection voltage in volt\n", + "# Formula V= Im*(Rm+Rse)\n", + "Im= V/(Rm+Rse) # in amp\n", + "\n", + "# Part(a)\n", + "Rs= 1/4999 # in ohm\n", + "Is= Im*Rm/Rs #in amp\n", + "I= Im+Is # in amp\n", + "print \"Current range = %0.f A\" %I\n", + "\n", + "# Part(b)\n", + "I=50 # in amp\n", + "N=I/Im \n", + "Rs= Rm/(N-1) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Required shunt resistance =\",Fraction(Rs).limit_denominator(1000),\"ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Current range = 250 A\n", + "Required shunt resistance = 1/999 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 27 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.10 - Page No : 66" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Im= 50 # in micro amp\n", + "Im=Im*10**-6 # in amp\n", + "Rm= 49 # in ohm\n", + "Rs= 1 # in ohm\n", + "Is= Im*Rm/Rs #in amp\n", + "I= Im+Is # in amp\n", + "# (i)\n", + "I1= I # in amp\n", + "I2= I*0.5 # in amp\n", + "I3= I*0.1 # in amp\n", + "print \"Main circuit current at FSD = %0.1f mA\" %(I1*10**3)\n", + "print \"Main circuit current at 0.5 FSD = %0.2f mA\" %(I2*10**3)\n", + "print \"Main circuit current at 0.1 FSD = %0.2f mA\" %(I3*10**3)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Main circuit current at FSD = 2.5 mA\n", + "Main circuit current at 0.5 FSD = 1.25 mA\n", + "Main circuit current at 0.1 FSD = 0.25 mA\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 29 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.11 - Page No : 67" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Rm= 40 # in ohm\n", + "Im= 1 # in mA\n", + "# For switch at position 1 (lowest range of 10 mA)\n", + "I=10 # in mA\n", + "N1= I/Im \n", + "R1= Rm/(N1-1) # in ohm\n", + "# For switch at position 2 (range of 20 mA)\n", + "I=20 # in mA\n", + "N2= I/Im \n", + "R2= (R1+Rm)/N2 # in ohm\n", + "# For switch at position 3 (range of 30 mA)\n", + "I=30 # in mA\n", + "N3= I/Im \n", + "R3= (R1+Rm)/N3 # in ohm\n", + "# For switch at position 4 (range of 40 mA)\n", + "I=40 # in mA\n", + "N4= I/Im \n", + "R4= (R1+Rm)/N4 # in ohm\n", + "# For switch at position 5 (range of 50 mA)\n", + "I=50 # in mA\n", + "N5= I/Im \n", + "R5= (R1+Rm)/N5 # in ohm\n", + "r1= R1-R2 # in ohm\n", + "r2= R2-R3 # in ohm\n", + "r3= R3-R4 # in ohm\n", + "r4= R4-R5 # in ohm\n", + "r5= R5 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of the various sections of the Ayrton's shunt :\"\n", + "print \"r1 = %0.3f ohm\" %r1\n", + "print \"r2 = %0.4f ohm\" %r2\n", + "print \"r3 = %0.4f ohm\" %r3\n", + "print \"r4 = %0.3f ohm\" %r4\n", + "print \"r5 = %0.3f ohm\" %r5\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of the various sections of the Ayrton's shunt :\n", + "r1 = 2.222 ohm\n", + "r2 = 0.7407 ohm\n", + "r3 = 0.3704 ohm\n", + "r4 = 0.222 ohm\n", + "r5 = 0.889 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 34 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.12 - Page No : 68" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Rm= 1000 # in ohm\n", + "Im= 1 # in mA\n", + "Im=Im*10**-3 # in amp\n", + "r3=0.05 # in ohm\n", + "r2=0.45 # in ohm\n", + "r1=4.5 # in ohm\n", + "# For switch at contact 1\n", + "Rm1= Rm # in ohm\n", + "Rs1= r1+r2+r3 # in ohm\n", + "I1= Im*(Rm1/Rs1+1) # in A\n", + "I1=I1*10**3 # in mA\n", + "I1=round((I1/10))*10 \n", + "\n", + "print \"Ammeter range at contact 1 = %0.f mA\" %I1\n", + "# For switch at contact 2\n", + "Rm2= Rm+r1 # in ohm\n", + "Rs2= r2+r3 # in ohm\n", + "I2= Im*(Rm2/Rs2+1) # in A\n", + "I2=round(I2) \n", + "print \"Ammeter range at contact 2 = %0.f A\" %I2\n", + "\n", + "# For switch at contact 3\n", + "Rm3= Rm+r1+r2 # in ohm\n", + "Rs3= r3 # in ohm\n", + "I3= Im*(Rm3/Rs3+1) # in A\n", + "I3=round(I3) \n", + "print \"Ammeter range at contact 3 = %0.f A\" %I3" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Ammeter range at contact 1 = 200 mA\n", + "Ammeter range at contact 2 = 2 A\n", + "Ammeter range at contact 3 = 20 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 35 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.13 - Page No : 70" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from fractions import Fraction \n", + "#Given data\n", + "Rm= 10 # in ohm\n", + "Im= 50 # in mA\n", + "Im=Im*10**-3 # in amp\n", + "V=750 # in volt\n", + "R= V/Im-Rm # in ohm\n", + "print \"External resistance = %0.f ohm\" %R\n", + "# Part(ii)\n", + "I=100 # in A\n", + "N=I/Im \n", + "Rs= Rm/(N-1) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Shunt resistance required =\",Fraction(Rs).limit_denominator(10000),\"ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "External resistance = 14990 ohm\n", + "Shunt resistance required = 10/1999 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 39 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.14 - Page No : 70" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Tc= 120*10**-6 # in N-m\n", + "B= 0.5 # in wb/m**2\n", + "N=100 \n", + "A= 4*3 # in cm**2\n", + "A=A*10**-4# in m**2\n", + "Rm=0 \n", + "V= 100*1 \n", + "# Formula Tc= Td = B*I*N*A\n", + "I= Tc/(B*N*A) # in amp\n", + "R= V/I-Rm # in ohm\n", + "print \"External required resistance = %0.f ohm\" %R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "External required resistance = 50000 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 40 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.15 - Page No : 71" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Im= 0.2*10**-3 # in amp\n", + "Rm= 10 # in ohm\n", + "V=100 # in volt\n", + "R= V/Im-Rm # in ohm\n", + "print \"External required resistance = %0.2f kohm\" %(R*10**-3)\n", + "Im1= 0.75*Im #in amp\n", + "V1= Im1*(R+Rm) # in volt\n", + "print \"Applied voltage at instrument current 0.75 FSD = %0.f volts\" %V1 \n", + "\n", + "Im2= 0.5*Im #in amp\n", + "V2= Im2*(R+Rm) # in volt\n", + "print \"Applied voltage at instrument current 0.5 FSD = %0.f volts\" %V2 \n", + "\n", + "Im3= 0.25*Im #in amp\n", + "V3= Im3*(R+Rm) # in volt\n", + "print \"Applied voltage at instrument current 0.25 FSD = %0.f volts\" %V3 \n", + "\n", + "Im4= 0.1*Im #in amp\n", + "V4= Im4*(R+Rm) # in volt\n", + "print \"Applied voltage at instrument current 0.1 FSD = %0.f volts\" %V4 \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "External required resistance = 499.99 kohm\n", + "Applied voltage at instrument current 0.75 FSD = 75 volts\n", + "Applied voltage at instrument current 0.5 FSD = 50 volts\n", + "Applied voltage at instrument current 0.25 FSD = 25 volts\n", + "Applied voltage at instrument current 0.1 FSD = 10 volts\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 44 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.16 - Page No : 72" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "CS= 0.1*10**-3 # current sensitivity in amp\n", + "VS= 1/CS # voltage sensitivity in ohm/volt\n", + "VS= VS*10**-3 # in kohm/volt\n", + "Rm=500 # in ohm\n", + "Rm=Rm*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "\n", + "# (i) 0-10 V range\n", + "V=10 # full scale delection voltage in volt\n", + "R_T= VS*V # in kohm\n", + "R1= R_T-Rm # in kohm\n", + "print \"Additional required resistance at 0-10 V range = %0.1f kohm\" %R1\n", + "\n", + "# (ii) 0-50 V range\n", + "V=50 # full scale delection voltage in volt\n", + "R_T= VS*V # in kohm\n", + "R2= R_T-R1-Rm # in kohm\n", + "print \"Additional required resistance at 0-50 V range = %0.f kohm\" %R2\n", + "\n", + "# (i) 0-100 V range\n", + "V=100 # full scale delection voltage in volt\n", + "R_T= VS*V # in kohm\n", + "R3= R_T-R1-R2-Rm # in kohm\n", + "print \"Additional required resistance at 0-100 V range = %0.f kohm\" %R3\n", + "\n", + "# (i) 0-500 V range\n", + "V=500 # full scale delection voltage in volt\n", + "R_T= VS*V # in kohm\n", + "R4= R_T-R1-R2-R3-Rm # in kohm\n", + "print \"Additional required resistance at 0-500 V range = %0.f kohm\" %R4\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Additional required resistance at 0-10 V range = 99.5 kohm\n", + "Additional required resistance at 0-50 V range = 400 kohm\n", + "Additional required resistance at 0-100 V range = 500 kohm\n", + "Additional required resistance at 0-500 V range = 4000 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 47 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.17 - Page No : 74" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "E= 1.5 # in V\n", + "R1addRm= 10 # addition of R1 and Rm in kohm\n", + "Rx= 0 \n", + "R=R1addRm+Rx # in kohm\n", + "R=R*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "I= E/R #meter FSD current in amp\n", + "\n", + "# At 0.8 FSD\n", + "Im= 0.8*I # in amp\n", + "R= E/Im # in ohm\n", + "R=R*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "Rx= R-R1addRm #in kohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance at 0.8 FSD = %0.1f k\u03a9\" %Rx\n", + "\n", + "# At 0.5 FSD\n", + "Im= 0.5*I # in amp\n", + "R= E/Im # in ohm\n", + "R=R*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "Rx= R-R1addRm #in kohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance at 0.5 FSD = %0.f k\u03a9\" %Rx\n", + "\n", + "# At 0.25 FSD\n", + "Im= 0.25*I # in amp\n", + "R= E/Im # in ohm\n", + "R=R*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "Rx= R-R1addRm #in kohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance at 0.25 FSD = %0.f k\u03a9\" %Rx\n", + "\n", + "# At 0.1 FSD\n", + "Im= 0.1*I # in amp\n", + "R= E/Im # in ohm\n", + "R=R*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "Rx= R-R1addRm #in kohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance at 0.1 FSD = %0.f k\u03a9\" %Rx\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance at 0.8 FSD = 2.5 k\u03a9\n", + "Unknown resistance at 0.5 FSD = 10 k\u03a9\n", + "Unknown resistance at 0.25 FSD = 30 k\u03a9\n", + "Unknown resistance at 0.1 FSD = 90 k\u03a9\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 50 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 3.18 - Page No : 74" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Rm= 50 # in ohm\n", + "R1= 10 # in kohm\n", + "R1=R1*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "R2= 50 # in ohm\n", + "Im_FSD= 100*10**-6 #meter FSD current in amp\n", + "\n", + "# At 0.5 FSD , with 1.5 V\n", + "E=1.5 # in volt\n", + "Im= 0.5*Im_FSD # in amp\n", + "Vm= Im*Rm # in volt\n", + "I0= Vm/R2 #in amp\n", + "I=I0+Im # in amp\n", + "Rx= E/I-R1 # in ohm\n", + "Rx=Rx*10**-3 #in kohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance at 0.5 FSD with 1.5 V = %0.f kohm\" %Rx\n", + "# With E= 1.25 V and Rx=0\n", + "E=1.25 # in volt\n", + "Rx=0 \n", + "I=E/(R1+Rx) # in amp\n", + "I0=I-Im_FSD # in amp\n", + "Vm= Im_FSD*Rm # in volt\n", + "R2= Vm/I0 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Zero adjuster resistance = %0.f ohm\" %R2\n", + "\n", + "# At 0.5 FSD , with 1.25 V\n", + "E=1.25 # in volt\n", + "Im= 0.5*Im_FSD # in amp\n", + "Vm= Im*Rm # in volt\n", + "I0= Vm/R2 #in amp\n", + "I=I0+Im # in amp\n", + "Rx= E/I-R1 # in ohm\n", + "Rx=Rx*10**-3 #in kohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance at 0.5 FSD with 1.25 V = %0.f kohm\" %Rx" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance at 0.5 FSD with 1.5 V = 5 kohm\n", + "Zero adjuster resistance = 200 ohm\n", + "Unknown resistance at 0.5 FSD with 1.25 V = 10 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 51 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_04.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_04.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..40d5c095 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_04.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:ba40baa44e757ea3e91ab8f89704f149291740011280e5a0d9caa508edb83db1" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 4 : Analog Electronic Meters" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.1 - Page No : 86\n", + " " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Given data\n", + "V_CC= 12 # in volt\n", + "V_BE=0.7 #in volt\n", + "Rsm=4.3 #value o Rs+Rm in kohm\n", + "I=1 #in mA\n", + "\n", + "# Part (i)\n", + "V= 5 #in volt\n", + "V_E= V-V_BE # in volt\n", + "Im= V_E/Rsm # in mA\n", + "I_E=Im # in mA\n", + "print \"Meter Current = %0.f mA\" %Im\n", + "\n", + "# Part(ii)\n", + "h_FE= 100 \n", + "Im=Im*10**-3 #in amp\n", + "I_B= Im/h_FE # in amp\n", + "Rin= V/I_B # in ohm\n", + "print \"Input resistance with transistor = %0.f kohm\" %(Rin*10**-3)\n", + "# without transistor\n", + "Rin= Rsm \n", + "print \"Input resistance without transistor = %0.1f kohm\" %Rin\n", + "\n", + "# Part(iii)\n", + "V=2.5 # in volt\n", + "V_E= V-V_BE # in volt\n", + "Im= V_E/Rsm # in mA\n", + "I_E=Im # in mA\n", + "print \"Meter current when the dc input voltage is 2.5 volt = %0.2f mA\" %Im" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Meter Current = 1 mA\n", + "Input resistance with transistor = 500 kohm\n", + "Input resistance without transistor = 4.3 kohm\n", + "Meter current when the dc input voltage is 2.5 volt = 0.42 mA\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.2 - Page No : 87" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "V_CC= 12 # in volt\n", + "V_BE=0.7 #in volt\n", + "R_E1=3.3 # in kohm\n", + "V_EE= -12 # in volt\n", + "# Part (a) when V=0\n", + "V= 0 #in volt\n", + "V_E1= V-V_BE-V_EE # in volt\n", + "I_E1= V_E1/R_E1 # in mA\n", + "print \"Emitter current when input voltage is zero volt = %0.1f mA\" %I_E1\n", + "\n", + "# Part(b)\n", + "# Part (i) when V=2 volt\n", + "V= 2 #in volt\n", + "V_P=0 \n", + "V_E1= V-V_BE # in volt\n", + "V_E2= V_P-V_BE # in volt\n", + "Vm= V_E1-V_E2 # in volt\n", + "print \"Meter circuit voltage when input voltage is 2 volt = %0.f V\" %Vm\n", + "\n", + "# Part (ii) when V=1 volt\n", + "V= 1 #in volt\n", + "V_P=0 \n", + "V_E1= V-V_BE # in volt\n", + "V_E2= V_P-V_BE # in volt\n", + "Vm= V_E1-V_E2 # in volt\n", + "print \"Meter circuit voltage when input voltage is 1 volt = %0.f V\" %Vm" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Emitter current when input voltage is zero volt = 3.4 mA\n", + "Meter circuit voltage when input voltage is 2 volt = 2 V\n", + "Meter circuit voltage when input voltage is 1 volt = 1 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.4 - Page No : 92" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Im= 200 # in micro A\n", + "Im=Im*10**-6 # in amp\n", + "Rm= 5 # in kohm\n", + "Rm=Rm*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "I_B= 0.5 # in micro amp\n", + "I_B=I_B*10**-6 # in amp\n", + "V=25 # in mV\n", + "V=V*10**-3 # in volt\n", + "Vout= Im*Rm # in volt\n", + "I= 500*I_B # in amp\n", + "R1= V/I # in ohm\n", + "print \"The value of resistor = %0.f ohm\" %R1\n", + "Rf= (Vout-V)/I # in ohm\n", + "print \"Feedback resistor = %0.1f kohm\" %(Rf*10**-3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of resistor = 100 ohm\n", + "Feedback resistor = 3.9 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.5 - Page No : 93" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Im= 1 # in mA\n", + "Im=Im*10**-3 # in amp\n", + "Rm= 100 # in ohm\n", + "V=1.2 # in volt\n", + "R1= V/Im # in ohm\n", + "print \"The value of resistance = %0.1f kohm\" %(R1*10**-3)\n", + "Vout= Im*(Rm+R1) # in volt\n", + "print \"Output voltage = %0.1f V\" %Vout" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of resistance = 1.2 kohm\n", + "Output voltage = 1.3 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.6 - Page No : 100" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import sqrt \n", + "#Given data\n", + "Vrms=120 # in mV\n", + "Iav= 1.25 # in mA\n", + "I_max= 1/0.318*Iav # in mA\n", + "Vmax= sqrt(2)*Vrms # in mV\n", + "R2= Vmax/I_max # in ohm\n", + "print \"Value of R2 = %0.1f ohm\" %R2\n", + "# when input voltage is 60 volt\n", + "Vrms=60 # in mV\n", + "Vmax= sqrt(2)*Vrms # in mV\n", + "I_max= Vmax/R2 # in mA\n", + "Iav= I_max*0.318 # in mA\n", + "print \"Average value of meter current = %0.3f mA\" %Iav" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Value of R2 = 43.2 ohm\n", + "Average value of meter current = 0.625 mA\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_05.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_05.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3c3e2342 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_05.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,638 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:3339b00236a2f81e5e5e7b7f9b1a7ab1f4ae4cfea924466604e158fa53da71b7" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 5 : Digital Meters" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.1 - Page No : 117" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#Given data\n", + "V_REF= 10 # in volt\n", + "w2= V_REF/2 # The second MSB weight in volt\n", + "print \"The second MSB weight = %0.f V\" %w2\n", + "w3= V_REF/4 # The third MSB weight in volt\n", + "print \"The third MSB weight = %0.1f V\" %w3\n", + "w4= V_REF/8 # The forth MSB weight in volt\n", + "print \"The forth MSB weight = %0.2f V\" %w4\n", + "\n", + "# (i)\n", + "r_DAC= w4 # resolution of the DAC in volt\n", + "print \"(i) : Resolutio of the DAC = %0.2f V\" %r_DAC \n", + "\n", + "#(ii)\n", + "FSO= V_REF+w2+w3+w4 #full scale output in volt\n", + "print \"(ii) : Full scale output = %0.2f V\" %FSO\n", + "\n", + "# (iii)\n", + "FSO_R= FSO/4 # full scale output when the feedback resistor is made one fourth of R in volt\n", + "print \"(iii) : The full scale output when the feedback resistor is made one fourth of R i volt = %0.4f\" %FSO_R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The second MSB weight = 5 V\n", + "The third MSB weight = 2.5 V\n", + "The forth MSB weight = 1.25 V\n", + "(i) : Resolutio of the DAC = 1.25 V\n", + "(ii) : Full scale output = 18.75 V\n", + "(iii) : The full scale output when the feedback resistor is made one fourth of R i volt = 4.6875\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.2 - Page No : 117" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "V_REF= -5 # in volt\n", + "V_A= -5 # in volt\n", + "V_C=V_A # in volt\n", + "V_D=V_C # in volt\n", + "V_B= 0 \n", + "Vout= -1*(V_A+V_B/2+V_C/4+V_D/8) \n", + "print \"Output voltage = %0.3f V\" %Vout " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Output voltage = 6.875 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.3\n", + " - Page No :" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "D=16 \n", + "D1= D/2 # first MSB output in volt\n", + "print \"First MSB output = %0.f V\" %D1 \n", + "D2= D/4 # second MSB output in volt\n", + "print \"Second MSB output = %0.f V\" %D2 \n", + "D3= D/8 # third MSB output in volt\n", + "print \"Third MSB output = %0.f V\" %D3\n", + "D4= D/16 # fourth MSB output in volt\n", + "print \"Fourth MSB output = %0.f V\" %D4 \n", + "D5= D/32 # fifth MSB output in volt\n", + "print \"Fifth MSB output = %0.1f V\" %D5\n", + "D6= D/64 # sixth MSB (LSB) output in volt\n", + "print \"Sixth MSB (LSB) output = %0.2f V\" %D6 \n", + "print \"The resolution is equal to the weight of the LSB = %0.2f V\" %D6\n", + "# Full scale output occurs for a digital input of 111111\n", + "FSO= D1+D2+D3+D4+D5+D6 # in volt\n", + "print \"Full scale output occurs for a digital input of 111111 = %0.2f V\" %FSO\n", + "# The output voltage for a digital input of 101011\n", + "D0=16 \n", + "D1=16 \n", + "D2=0 \n", + "D3=16 \n", + "D4=0 \n", + "D5=16 \n", + "Vout= ( D0*2**0 + D1*2**1 + D2*2**2 + D3*2**3 + D4*2**4 + D5*2**5 )/64 # in volt\n", + "print \"The output voltage for digital input of 101011 = %0.2f V\" %Vout" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "First MSB output = 8 V\n", + "Second MSB output = 4 V\n", + "Third MSB output = 2 V\n", + "Fourth MSB output = 1 V\n", + "Fifth MSB output = 0.5 V\n", + "Sixth MSB (LSB) output = 0.25 V\n", + "The resolution is equal to the weight of the LSB = 0.25 V\n", + "Full scale output occurs for a digital input of 111111 = 15.75 V\n", + "The output voltage for digital input of 101011 = 10.75 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.4 - Page No : 123" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R=100 # in kohm\n", + "R=R*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "C=1*10**-6 # in F\n", + "V_REF= 5 # in volt\n", + "t=0.2 # time taken to read unknown voltage in sec\n", + "T=R*C # in sec\n", + "Vx= T/t*V_REF # in volt\n", + "print \"The value of Unknown voltage = %0.1f V\" %Vx" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of Unknown voltage = 2.5 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.5 - Page No : 124" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "# For an 8-bit converter reference voltage V_REF be taken as 100 V\n", + "V_REF= 100 # in volt\n", + "f=75*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "# For setting\n", + "D7=1 \n", + "Vout1= V_REF*2**7/2**8 # in volt\n", + "print \"For D7 = 1, The output voltage = %0.f volt\" %Vout1\n", + "# since 180-100 = 80 > 50 set D7=1\n", + "\n", + "# For setting\n", + "D6=1 \n", + "Vout2= V_REF*2**6/2**8 # in volt\n", + "print \"For D6 = 1, The output voltage = %0.f volt\" %Vout2\n", + "# Hence for setting D7=1 and D6=1 output voltage\n", + "Vout3= Vout1+Vout2 # in volt\n", + "print \"D7 and D6 = 1, The output voltage = %0.f volt\" %Vout3\n", + "# since 80>75 set D6=1\n", + "# For setting D5=1, D6=1 and D7=1\n", + "Vout4 = V_REF*2**5/2**8 + Vout1+ Vout2 # in volt\n", + "print \"For D6 = 1, The output voltage = %0.1f volt\" %Vout4\n", + "print \"All other digits will be set to zero or 1. Output will be accordingly indicated as a result of successive approximation.\"\n", + "print \"The Converted 8-bit digital form will be 1110010\"\n", + "T=1/f #in sec\n", + "print \"Conversion time = %0.1f ns\" %(T*10**9)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "For D7 = 1, The output voltage = 50 volt\n", + "For D6 = 1, The output voltage = 25 volt\n", + "D7 and D6 = 1, The output voltage = 75 volt\n", + "For D6 = 1, The output voltage = 87.5 volt\n", + "All other digits will be set to zero or 1. Output will be accordingly indicated as a result of successive approximation.\n", + "The Converted 8-bit digital form will be 1110010\n", + "Conversion time = 13.3 ns\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 27 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.6 - Page No : 124" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "N=8 # Number of bits\n", + "f=1*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "T=1/f \n", + "Tc= N*T # in second\n", + "print \"Time of conversion = %0.f \u00b5s\" %(Tc*10**6)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Time of conversion = 8 \u00b5s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 29 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.7 - Page No : 124" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Vin= 2 # in volt\n", + "Vout= 10 # in volt\n", + "R=100 # kohm\n", + "R=R*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "C= 0.1 # in miu F\n", + "C=C*10**-6 # in F\n", + "# Vout= -1/(R*C)*integrate('Vin','t',0,t) = -Vin*t/(R*C)\n", + "t= Vout*R*C/Vin # in sec\n", + "print \"The maximum time upto which the reference voltage can be integrated = %0.f ms\" %(t*10**3) " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The maximum time upto which the reference voltage can be integrated = 50 ms\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 30 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.8 - Page No : 134" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "n=3 \n", + "R=1/10**n \n", + "fs1=1 # full scale range of 1 v\n", + "r1= fs1*R # resolution for full scale range of 1 V\n", + "print \"Resolution for full scale range of 1 V = %0.3f V\" %r1\n", + "fs2=10 # full scale range of 10 v\n", + "r2= fs2*R # resolution for full scale range of 10 V\n", + "print \"Resolution for full scale range of 10 V = %0.2f V\" %r2\n", + "# The display for 2 V reading on 10 V scale of 3*1/2 digital meter would be 02.00 i.e\n", + "reading=2 \n", + "LSD= 5*R # in volt\n", + "Total_pos_Error= reading*0.5/100+LSD #in volt\n", + "print \"Total possible error = %0.3f V\" %Total_pos_Error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resolution for full scale range of 1 V = 0.001 V\n", + "Resolution for full scale range of 10 V = 0.01 V\n", + "Total possible error = 0.015 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 31 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.9 - Page No : 134" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R= 1/10**4 # resolution\n", + "print \"Resolution of voltmeter = %0.4f\" %R\n", + "reading1= 16.58 \n", + "reading2= 0.7254 \n", + "print \"There are 5 digit places in 4\u00bd display, so \",round(reading1,2),\" would be displayed as 16.580 V on a 10V range \"\n", + "print \"Any reading up to 4th decimal can be displayed.\"\n", + "print \"Hence \",round(reading2,4),\" will be displayed as : \",reading2\n", + "R= 10*R # resolution on 10 V range\n", + "print \"Resolution of 10 V range =\",round(R,3),\" So\"\n", + "print \"0.7254 will be displayed as : \",round(reading2,3),\"instead of\",reading2" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resolution of voltmeter = 0.0001\n", + "There are 5 digit places in 4\u00bd display, so 16.58 would be displayed as 16.580 V on a 10V range \n", + "Any reading up to 4th decimal can be displayed.\n", + "Hence 0.7254 will be displayed as : 0.7254\n", + "Resolution of 10 V range = 0.001 So\n", + "0.7254 will be displayed as : 0.725 instead of 0.7254\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 37 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.10 - Page No : 135" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division \n", + "#Given data\n", + "n=3 \n", + "R=1/10**n \n", + "fs1=10 # full scale range of 10 v\n", + "r1= fs1*R # resolution for full scale range of 10 V\n", + "print \"Resolution for full scale range of 10 V = \",r1\n", + "fs2=100 # full scale range of 100 v\n", + "r2= fs2*R # resolution for full scale range of 100 V\n", + "print \"Resolution for full scale range of 100 V = \",r2\n", + "print \"The display of 14.53 V reading on 10 V scale would be 14.530\"\n", + "print \"The display of 14.53 V reading on 100 V scale would be 0145.3\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resolution for full scale range of 10 V = 0.01\n", + "Resolution for full scale range of 100 V = 0.1\n", + "The display of 14.53 V reading on 10 V scale would be 14.530\n", + "The display of 14.53 V reading on 100 V scale would be 0145.3\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 43 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.11 - Page No : 135" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from numpy import pi\n", + "#Given data\n", + "Vmax= 255 # in volt\n", + "Vx= 180 # in volt\n", + "f=10 # in kHz\n", + "f=f*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "t= (Vmax-Vx)/(2*pi*f*Vmax) # time taken to read the unknown voltage in second\n", + "t=t*10**6 # in micro second\n", + "print \"Time taken to read the unknown voltage = %0.2f \u00b5s\" %t " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Time taken to read the unknown voltage = 4.68 \u00b5s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 45 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.12 - Page No : 146" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f=2.5 # in kHz\n", + "f=f*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "# Part (i) when\n", + "t=0.1 # in sec\n", + "count= f*t \n", + "print \"When GATE ENABLE time is 0.1 sec then the counter count or display = %0.f\" %count\n", + "# Part (ii) when\n", + "t=1 # in sec\n", + "count= f*t \n", + "print \"When GATE ENABLE time is 1 sec then the counter count or display = %0.f\" %count\n", + "# Part (iii) when\n", + "t=10 # in sec\n", + "count= f*t \n", + "print \"When GATE ENABLE time is 10 sec then the counter count = %0.f\" %count" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "When GATE ENABLE time is 0.1 sec then the counter count or display = 250\n", + "When GATE ENABLE time is 1 sec then the counter count or display = 2500\n", + "When GATE ENABLE time is 10 sec then the counter count = 25000\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 47 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.13 - Page No : 147" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "N=45 # unit less\n", + "t=10 # in ms\n", + "t=t*10**-3 # in sec\n", + "f=N/t # Hz\n", + "f=f*10**-3 # in kHz\n", + "print \"The value of frequency = %0.1f kHz\" %f" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of frequency = 4.5 kHz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 49 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.14 - Page No : 147" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "totalPulse= 174 # unit less\n", + "t=100 #time period of total pulses in miu s\n", + "t=t*10**-6 # in sec\n", + "t1= t/totalPulse # time period of one pulse in sec\n", + "f= 1/t1 # frequency in Hz\n", + "f=f*10**-6 # in MHz\n", + "print \"The value of frequency = %0.2f MHz\" %f \n", + "resolution= totalPulse/t # in sec\n", + "resolution=resolution*10**-6 # per micro sec\n", + "print \"Resolution of measurement = %0.2f per \u00b5s\" %resolution" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of frequency = 1.74 MHz\n", + "Resolution of measurement = 1.74 per \u00b5s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 51 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 5.15 - Page No : 147" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "t=1/(2*10**6) # time of one cycle o 2MHz clock in sec\n", + "N=500 # number of cycle\n", + "t1= N*t # time of 1 cycle by the electronic counter in sec\n", + "f= 1/t1 # in Hz\n", + "f=f*10**-3 # in kHz\n", + "print \"The value of frequency of input signal = %0.f kHz\" %f" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of frequency of input signal = 4 kHz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 52 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_06.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_06.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b4318d00 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_06.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,607 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:7af95e71b6cf98d68e11993a774d3756f4ae51c9cf67e86b78531811773b4bb7" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 6 : Resistance Measurements" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.1 - Page No : 156\n", + " " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Given data\n", + "V= 100 # in volt\n", + "I=5 # in mA\n", + "I=I*10**-3 # in amp\n", + "VS= 1000 # sensitivity of voltmeter in ohm\n", + "VR= 150 # voltmeter range in volt\n", + "Rv= VS*VR # in ohm\n", + "# Part (i)\n", + "Rm= V/I # in ohm\n", + "Rm= Rm*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "print \"Apparent value of unknown resistor = %0.f kohm\" %Rm \n", + "\n", + "# Part (ii)\n", + "Rx= V/(I*(1-V/(I*Rv))) # in ohm\n", + "Rx= Rx*10**-3 #/ in kohm\n", + "print \"Actual value of unknown resistor = %0.3f kohm\" %Rx\n", + "\n", + "# Part (iii)\n", + "epsilon_r= (Rm-Rx)/Rx*100 # in %\n", + "print \"Error percentage due to loading effect of voltmeter = %0.2f %%\" %epsilon_r " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Apparent value of unknown resistor = 20 kohm\n", + "Actual value of unknown resistor = 23.077 kohm\n", + "Error percentage due to loading effect of voltmeter = -13.33 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.2 - Page No : 156" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "#Given data\n", + "V=38.4 # in volt\n", + "I=0.4 # in amp\n", + "ammeterRange= 1 # in amp\n", + "voltmeterRange= 50 # in volt\n", + "inst_acc= 1/2 # instrument accurcy in %\n", + "R= 100 # resistance in ohm\n", + "\n", + "R_A= 2.5 # in ohm\n", + "R_V= 6000 # in ohm\n", + "Rx= sqrt(R_A*R_V) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Value of unknown resistance = %0.1f ohm\" %Rx\n", + "print \"Since the unknown resistance is of value smaller than \",round(Rx,1),\" ohm, the voltmeter should be connected\"\n", + "print \"directly across the unknown resistance as it will give more accurate result\"\n", + "Rm= V/I # in ohm\n", + "Rx= V/(I*(1-V/(I*R_V))) # in ohm\n", + "ErrorAmmeter= inst_acc*ammeterRange/R # Error in ammeter reading in amp\n", + "ErrorVoltmeter= inst_acc*voltmeterRange/R # Error in voltmeter reading in volt\n", + "# Percentage error at 0.4 A reading \n", + "E1= ErrorAmmeter/0.4*100 #in %\n", + "# Percentage error at 38.4 V reading \n", + "E2= ErrorVoltmeter/38.4*100 #in %\n", + "#Error due to ammeter and voltmeter\n", + "E= sqrt(E1**2+E2**2) \n", + "#Absolute error due to ammeter and voltmeter\n", + "Error_ammeter_voltmeter= E/R*Rx # in pos and neg\n", + "print \"\\nAbsolute error due to ammeter and voltmeter = %0.3f ohm\" %Error_ammeter_voltmeter\n", + "print \"So the resistance is specified as (\",round(Rx,2),\"\u00b1\",round(Error_ammeter_voltmeter,3),\") ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Value of unknown resistance = 122.5 ohm\n", + "Since the unknown resistance is of value smaller than 122.5 ohm, the voltmeter should be connected\n", + "directly across the unknown resistance as it will give more accurate result\n", + "\n", + "Absolute error due to ammeter and voltmeter = 1.375 ohm\n", + "So the resistance is specified as ( 97.56 \u00b1 1.375 ) ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.3 - Page No : 157" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "V=120 # in volt\n", + "I=8 # in amp\n", + "R_A= 0.3 # in ohm\n", + "ammeterReading= 0.01 # in A\n", + "voltmeterReading= 0.1 # in V\n", + "AmmeterRange= 10 #in A\n", + "VoltmeterRange= 150 #in V\n", + "EA= 0.25 # constructional error of the ammeter in %\n", + "EV= 0.5 # constructional error of the voltmeter in %\n", + "\n", + "Rm= V/I # in ohm\n", + "Rx= Rm-R_A # in ohm\n", + "ErrorAmmeter= ammeterReading/AmmeterRange*100 # in %\n", + "ErrorVoltmeter= voltmeterReading/VoltmeterRange*100 # in %\n", + "del_I= ErrorAmmeter+EA # in %\n", + "del_V= ErrorVoltmeter+EV # in %\n", + "# since R=V/I\n", + "TotalError= del_I+del_V # in % in neg and pos\n", + "print \"Total systematic error in measurement = \u00b1 %0.3f %%\" %TotalError\n", + "print \"So the value of Rx is specified as : (\",round(Rx,1),\"\u00b1\",round(Rx*TotalError/100,3),\") ohm\"\n", + " " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Total systematic error in measurement = \u00b1 0.917 %\n", + "So the value of Rx is specified as : ( 14.7 \u00b1 0.135 ) ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.4 - Page No : 164" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "P=100 # in ohm\n", + "Q=10 # in ohm\n", + "S=46 # in ohm\n", + "R= P*S/Q #in ohm\n", + "print \"The value of unknown resistance = %0.f ohm\" %R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of unknown resistance = 460 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.5 - Page No : 164" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "S=6 # in ohm\n", + "AB= 25 # in cm\n", + "BC= 75 # in cm\n", + "R= S*AB/BC # in ohm\n", + "print \"The value of unknown resistance = %0.f ohm\" %R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of unknown resistance = 2 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.6 - Page No : 164" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "resistor= 5000 # in ohm\n", + "LVR1= resistor-resistor*0.1/100 # Limiting value of 5000 ohm resistor in negative error\n", + "LVR2= resistor+resistor*0.1/100 #Limiting value of 5000 ohm resistor in positve error\n", + "print \"Limiting value of 5000 ohm resistance =\",int(LVR1),\"to\",int(LVR2),\"ohm\"\n", + "print \"Thus dials of 1000 , 100 , 10 and 1 ohm would to be adjusted\" " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Limiting value of 5000 ohm resistance = 4995 to 5005 ohm\n", + "Thus dials of 1000 , 100 , 10 and 1 ohm would to be adjusted\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.7 - Page No : 164" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "P=100 # in ohm\n", + "Q=100 # in ohm\n", + "S=230 # in ohm\n", + "R=P*S/Q # in ohm\n", + "del_P_BY_P= 0.02 # in %\n", + "del_Q_BY_Q= 0.02 # in %\n", + "del_S_BY_S= 0.01 # in %\n", + "del_R_BY_R= del_P_BY_P + del_Q_BY_Q + del_S_BY_S # in %\n", + "print \"Relative limiting error of unknown resistance = %0.2f %%\" %del_R_BY_R\n", + "print \"So limiting values of unknown resistance =\",round(R-R*del_R_BY_R/100,3),\"to\",round(R+R*del_R_BY_R/100,3),\"ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Relative limiting error of unknown resistance = 0.05 %\n", + "So limiting values of unknown resistance = 229.885 to 230.115 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 24 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.8 - Page No : 165" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "P=1000 # in ohm\n", + "Q=1000 # in ohm\n", + "S=100 # in ohm\n", + "E=2 # in volt\n", + "Rg=50 # in ohm\n", + "R_desh= 101 # in ohm\n", + "R=Q*S/P # in ohm\n", + "del_R= R_desh-R # in ohm\n", + "E_Th= E*((R+del_R)/(R+del_R+S)- P/(P+Q)) # in volt\n", + "R_Th= ((R+del_R)*S/(R+del_R+S)+ P*Q/(P+Q)) #in ohm\n", + "Ig= E_Th/(R_Th+Rg) # in amp\n", + "Ig=Ig*10**+6 # in micro amp\n", + "print \"The galvanometer current = %0.3f \u00b5A\" %Ig" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The galvanometer current = 8.288 \u00b5A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 27 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.9 - Page No : 165" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "P=100 # in ohm\n", + "Q=1000 # in ohm\n", + "S=2000 # in ohm\n", + "E=5 # in volt\n", + "Si= 5 # in mm/miuA\n", + "Rg=200 # in ohm\n", + "R_desh= 202 # in ohm\n", + "R=P*S/Q # in ohm\n", + "del_R= R_desh-R # in ohm\n", + "E_Th= E*((R+del_R)/(R+del_R+S)- P/(P+Q)) # in volt\n", + "R_Th= ((R+del_R)*S/(R+del_R+S)+ P*Q/(P+Q)) #in ohm\n", + "Ig= E_Th/(R_Th+Rg) # in amp\n", + "Ig=Ig*10**+6 # in micro amp\n", + "theta= Si*Ig # in mm\n", + "print \"Deflection of the galvanometer = %0.1f mm\" %theta\n", + "S_B= theta/del_R # in mm/ohm\n", + "print \"Sensitivity of the bridge = %0.2f mm/ohm\" %S_B" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Deflection of the galvanometer = 43.5 mm\n", + "Sensitivity of the bridge = 21.76 mm/ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 30 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.10 - Page No : 166" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "P=1000 # in ohm\n", + "Q=100 # in ohm\n", + "R=200 # in ohm\n", + "E=5 # in volt\n", + "Si1= 10 # in mm/miuA\n", + "Si2= 5 # in mm/miuA\n", + "Rg1= 400 # in ohm\n", + "Rg2= 100 # in ohm\n", + "S=R*Q/P # in ohm\n", + "R_Th= R*S/(R+S)+ P*Q/(P+Q) # in ohm\n", + "# theta=Si1*E*S*del_R/((R+S)**2*(R_Th+Rg))\n", + "# RatioTheta21= theta2/theta1 \n", + "RatioTheta21= Si2/Si1*(R_Th+Rg1)/(R_Th+Rg2) \n", + "print \"Ratio of deflection on two galvanometers = %0.3f\" %RatioTheta21" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Ratio of deflection on two galvanometers = 1.217\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 31 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.11 - Page No : 167" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "P=500 # in ohm\n", + "S=P \n", + "Q=S \n", + "R=P \n", + "R_Th=R # in ohm\n", + "Rg=100 # in ohm\n", + "E=10 # in volt\n", + "Ig= 1 # in nA\n", + "Ig=Ig*10**-9 #in amp\n", + "# Formula Ig= E_Th/(R_Th+Rg) and E_Th= E*del_R/(4*R) so\n", + "# Ig= (E*del_R/(4*R))/(R_Th+Rg) and\n", + "del_R= Ig*(R_Th+Rg)*4*R/E # in ohm\n", + "del_R= del_R*10**3 #in mohm\n", + "print \"The smallest change in resistance = %0.2f m ohm\" %del_R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The smallest change in resistance = 0.12 m ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 33 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.12 - Page No : 167" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R=200 # in ohm\n", + "S=R \n", + "P=S \n", + "Q=P \n", + "r=2 # in ohm\n", + "E=24 # in volt\n", + "Power= 0.5 # in W\n", + "# Formula Power= I**2/R\n", + "I= sqrt(Power/R) # in A\n", + "print \"Maximum power dissipation = %0.2f A\" %I\n", + "V=I*2*R # in volt\n", + "# Formula E= V+2*I*(r+R)\n", + "R= (E-V)/(2*I)-r # in ohm\n", + "print \"Series resistance = %0.f ohm\" %R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Maximum power dissipation = 0.05 A\n", + "Series resistance = 38 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 35 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.13 - Page No : 167" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "P=10000 # in ohm\n", + "Q=10 # in ohm\n", + "S=5 # in kohm\n", + "S=S*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "E=12 # in volt\n", + "R=P*S/Q # in ohm\n", + "print \"(i) : The maximum value of resistance that can be measurement with the given argument = %0.f Mohm\" %(R*10**-6)\n", + "R_Th= R*S/(R+S)+ P*Q/(P+Q) # in ohm\n", + "\n", + "# Part (ii)\n", + "theta= 2.5 # in mm\n", + "Rg=100 # in ohm\n", + "Si=100 # in mm/miuA\n", + "Si=Si*10**6 # in mm/amp\n", + "del_R= theta*(R_Th+Rg)*(R+S)**2/(Si*E*S) # in ohm\n", + "print \"(ii) : Change in resistance = %0.2f kohm\" %(del_R*10**-3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(i) : The maximum value of resistance that can be measurement with the given argument = 5 Mohm\n", + "(ii) : Change in resistance = 53.28 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 38 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 6.14 - Page No : 171" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "p=200.62 # in ohm\n", + "q=400 # in ohm\n", + "P=200.48 # in ohm\n", + "Q=400 # in ohm\n", + "S=100.03 # in micro ohm\n", + "S=S*10**-6 # in ohm\n", + "r=700 # in micro ohm\n", + "r=r*10**-6 # in ohm\n", + "X= P*S/Q+q*r/(p+q)*(P/Q-p/q) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance = %0.4f micro ohm\" %(X*10**+6)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance = 49.9719 micro ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 41 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_07.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_07.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6b65016a --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_07.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,1327 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:9a66201b8d7233d025725f77699aa3bd8f73ea293b76d05e7eed8e99adada086" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 7 : Inductance and Capacitance Measurements" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.1 - Page No : 178" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Z1= 100 # in \u03a9\n", + "theta1= 30 # in \u00b0\n", + "Z2= 50 # in \u03a9\n", + "theta2= 0 # in \u00b0\n", + "Z3= 200 # in \u03a9\n", + "theta3= -90 # in \u00b0\n", + "Z4= 100 # in \u03a9\n", + "theta4= 30 # in \u00b0\n", + "if Z1*Z4 == Z2*Z3 :\n", + " print \"The first condition is satisfied\"\n", + "if theta1+theta4 == theta2+theta3 :\n", + " print \"The second condiiton is also satisfied, So it is possible to balance the bridge under the given condition\"\n", + "else:\n", + " print \"The second condition is not satisfied.\"\n", + " print \"So balance is not possible under given condition\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The first condition is satisfied\n", + "The second condition is not satisfied.\n", + "So balance is not possible under given condition\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.2 - Page No : 178" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Z1= 1000 # in \u03a9\n", + "theta1= -90 # in \u00b0\n", + "Z2= 500 # in \u03a9\n", + "theta2= 0 # in \u00b0\n", + "Z3= 1000 # in \u03a9\n", + "theta3= 0 # in \u00b0\n", + "R4= 100 # in \u03a9\n", + "XL4= 500 # in \u03a9\n", + "i_XL4= 500j # imaginary part\n", + "Z4=(R4+i_XL4) # in \u00b0\n", + "theta4= math.atan2(Z4.imag,Z4.real)*180/pi # in \u00b0\n", + "if theta1+theta4 == theta2+theta3 :\n", + " print \"The first condiiton is satisfied.\"\n", + "else :\n", + " print \"Balance is not possible with given configuration\"\n", + "\n", + "# 1/Z1=1/R1+j*omega*C1 (i)\n", + "# According to figure 1/Z1= R4/(Z2*Z3)+%i*XL4/(Z2*Z3) (ii) \n", + "# Comparing real and j-components of Eqn (i) and (ii)\n", + "R1= Z2*Z3/R4 # in \u03a9\n", + "OmegaC1= Z2*Z3/XL4 # in \u03a9\n", + "print \"\\nSince X_C1 is already equal to \",int(OmegaC1),\" \u03a9, the bridge can be balanced simply by placing a \"\n", + "print \"resistance of \",int(R1),\" \u03a9 across the capacitor arm 1\"\n", + "# Z3= R3-j*X_C3 (iii)\n", + " #Z3= Z1*expm(%i*theta1*pi/180)*Z4*expm(%i*theta4*pi/180)/(Z2*expm(%i*theta2*pi/180)) # (iv)\n", + "# Comparing real and j-components of Eqn (iii) and (iv)\n", + "R3= 1000 # in \u03a9\n", + "XC3= 200 # in \u03a9\n", + "print \"\\nSince R3 is already of \",int(R3),\" \u03a9, the bridge can be balanced simply by adding a\"\n", + "print \"capacitor of reactance X_C3 of \",int(XC3),\" \u03a9 in series with the resistor R3 in arm 3.\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Balance is not possible with given configuration\n", + "\n", + "Since X_C1 is already equal to 1000 \u03a9, the bridge can be balanced simply by placing a \n", + "resistance of 5000 \u03a9 across the capacitor arm 1\n", + "\n", + "Since R3 is already of 1000 \u03a9, the bridge can be balanced simply by adding a\n", + "capacitor of reactance X_C3 of 200 \u03a9 in series with the resistor R3 in arm 3.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 47 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.3 - Page No : 180" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#Given data\n", + "C2= 0.2 # in micro F\n", + "Ratio21= 10/1 # resistance ratio R2/R1\n", + "C1= C2*Ratio21 # in micro F\n", + "Ratio21_desh= 1/10 \n", + "C1_desh= C2*Ratio21_desh # in micro F\n", + "print \"The range of measurement of unknown capacitance = \",round(C1_desh,2),\"\u00b5F to\",int(round(C1)),\"\u00b5F\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The range of measurement of unknown capacitance = 0.02 \u00b5F to 2 \u00b5F\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 51 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.4 - Page No : 182" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "from numpy import pi\n", + "#Given data\n", + "R2= 5 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 2000 # in ohm\n", + "R4= 2950 # in ohm\n", + "C2= 0.5 # in micro F\n", + "C2=C2*10**-6 # in F\n", + "r2=0.4 # in ohm\n", + "f=450 # in Hz\n", + "omega= 2*pi*f \n", + "# Under Balace Condition Z1*Z4=Z2*Z3\n", + "# [r1+1/(j*omega*C1)]*R4= [r2+R2+1/(j*omega*C2)]*R3\n", + "# Equating the real parts we have, r1*R4= (r2+R2)*R3\n", + "r1= (r2+R2)*R3/R4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Value of r1 = %0.3f ohm\" %r1\n", + "# Equating imaginary parts we have R4/(j*omega*C1)= R3/(j*omega*C2)\n", + "C1= R4/R3*C2 # in F\n", + "print \"Value of C1 = %0.4f micro F\" %(C1*10**6) \n", + "Tan_toh= omega*C1*r1 \n", + "print \"Dissipation Factor = %0.3e\" %Tan_toh" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Value of r1 = 3.661 ohm\n", + "Value of C1 = 0.7375 micro F\n", + "Dissipation Factor = 7.634e-03\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.5 - Page No : 183" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f=1000 #in Hz\n", + "R1=1000 #in ohm\n", + "R2=1000 # in ohm\n", + "R3=2000 #in ohm\n", + "R4=2000 #in ohm\n", + "C1=1*10**-6 #in F\n", + "r1= 10 # in ohm\n", + "omega=2*pi*f \n", + "C2=C1*R1/R2 #in F\n", + "print \"Unknown capacitance = %0.f \u00b5F \"%(C2*10**6) \n", + "\n", + "r2=(R2*(R3+r1)-R1*R4)/R1 #in ohm \n", + "del_1=omega*r1*C1 #in radian\n", + "del_1=del_1*180/pi # in \u00b0\n", + "print \"Phase angle error1 = %0.1f degree\" %del_1 \n", + "del_2=omega*r2*C2 #in radian\n", + "del_2=del_2*180/pi # in degree\n", + "print \"Phase angle error2 = %0.1f degree\" %del_2 " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown capacitance = 1 \u00b5F \n", + "Phase angle error1 = 3.6 degree\n", + "Phase angle error2 = 3.6 degree\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.6 - Page No :183" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f=500 #in Hz\n", + "R2=4.8 #in ohm\n", + "R3=2*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "R4=2.85*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "C2=0.5*10**-6 #in F\n", + "r2= 0.4 # in ohm \n", + "omega=2*pi*f \n", + "C1=C2*R4/R3 #in F\n", + "print \"The value of unknown capacitance = %0.4f micro F\" %(C1*10**6) \n", + "r1=(R3*(R2+r2))/R4 #in ohm \n", + "print \"Resistance of unknown capacitance = %0.3f ohm\" %r1\n", + "Tan_del_1= omega*C1*r1 \n", + "print \"Dissipation factor = %0.5f\" %Tan_del_1" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of unknown capacitance = 0.7125 micro F\n", + "Resistance of unknown capacitance = 3.649 ohm\n", + "Dissipation factor = 0.00817\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.7 - Page No : 184" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f=50 #in Hz\n", + "R2=330*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "R3=15*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "R4=22*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "C2=0.12*10**-6 #in F\n", + "omega=2*pi*f \n", + "R1= R2*R3/R4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistive component of unknown resistance = %0.f kohm\" %(R1*10**-3)\n", + "C1= C2*R4/R3 # in F\n", + "print \"Capacitive component of unknown capacitor = %0.3f micro F\" %(C1*10**6)\n", + "D=1/(omega*C1*R1) \n", + "print \"Dissipation factor = %0.2f\" %D" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistive component of unknown resistance = 225 kohm\n", + "Capacitive component of unknown capacitor = 0.176 micro F\n", + "Dissipation factor = 0.08\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.8 - Page No : 191" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f=50 #in Hz\n", + "R4=309 #in ohm\n", + "R2=100 # in ohm\n", + "C3=109*10**-12 #in F\n", + "C4=0.5*10**-6 #in F\n", + "omega=2*pi*f \n", + "Cx= C3*R4/R2 # in F\n", + "print \"Equivalent series capacitance = %0.2f \u00b5\u00b5F\" %(Cx*10**12)\n", + "Rx= C4*R2/C3 # in ohm\n", + "# Power factor of the specimen\n", + "Tan_delta= omega*Cx*Rx \n", + "print \"Power factor of the specimen = %0.4f\" %Tan_delta" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Equivalent series capacitance = 336.81 \u00b5\u00b5F\n", + "Power factor of the specimen = 0.0485\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.9 - Page No : 192" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import cos, tan \n", + "from numpy import pi\n", + "#Given data\n", + "f=50 #in Hz\n", + "R4=1000 #in ohm\n", + "C3=50*10**-12 #in F\n", + "delta=9 # in \u00b0\n", + "epsilon_r= 2.3 \n", + "epsilon_0= 8.854*10**-12 \n", + "d= 0.3*10**-2 # in meter\n", + "A=314 # area of each electrode in square cm\n", + "A=A*10**-4 # in square meter\n", + "omega=2*pi*f \n", + "C1= epsilon_r*epsilon_0*A/d # in F\n", + "# Formula tan (delta)= 1/(omega*C1*R1)\n", + "R1= 1/(omega*C1*tan(delta*pi/180)) # in ohm\n", + "C4= 1/(omega**2*C1*R1*R4) # in F\n", + "print \"Variable capacitor = %0.1f micro F\" %(C4*10**6)\n", + "R2= C3*R4*(cos(delta*pi/180))**2/C1 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Variable resistance = %0.f ohm\" %R2\n", + "\n", + "# Note: Calculation of R2 in the book is wrong" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Variable capacitor = 0.5 micro F\n", + "Variable resistance = 229 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.10 - Page No : 192" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f=25 #in kHz\n", + "f=f*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "R1=3.1*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "R2=25*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "R4=100*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "C1=5.2*10**-6 #in F\n", + "omega= 2*pi*f \n", + "# From C3/C1= R2/R4-R1/R3\n", + "# C3= C1*(R2/R4-R1/R3) (i)\n", + "# and omega= 1/sqrt(R1*R3*C1*C3)\n", + "# R3= 1/(omega**2*R1*C1*C3), putting this value in (i)\n", + "C3= C1*R2/(R4*(1+R1**2*C1**2*omega**2)) # in F\n", + "print \"Equivalent capacitance = %0.3f \u00b5\u00b5F\" %(C3*10**12)\n", + "R3= 1/(omega**2*R1*C1*C3) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Equivalent parallel resistance = %0.1f kohm\" %(R3*10**-3)\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Note Evaluating the value of C3 in the book is wrong." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Equivalent capacitance = 0.203 \u00b5\u00b5F\n", + "Equivalent parallel resistance = 12.4 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 22 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.11 - Page No :193" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R2= 5 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 2000 # in ohm\n", + "R4= 2950 # in ohm\n", + "C2= 0.5 # in miu F\n", + "C2=C2*10**-6 # in F\n", + "r2=0.4 # in ohm\n", + "f=450 # in Hz\n", + "omega= 2*pi*f \n", + "# Under Balace Condition Z1*Z4=Z2*Z3\n", + "# [r1+1/(j*omega*C1)]*R4= [r2+R2+1/(j*omega*C2)]*R3\n", + "# Equating the real parts we have, r1*R4= (r2+R2)*R3\n", + "r1= (r2+R2)*R3/R4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Value of r1 = %0.3f ohm\" %r1\n", + "# Equating imaginary parts we have R4/(j*omega*C1)= R3/(j*omega*C2)\n", + "C1= R4/R3*C2 # in F\n", + "print \"Value of C1 = %0.4f micro F\" %(C1*10**6) \n", + "Tan_toh= omega*C1*r1 \n", + "print \"Dissipation Factor = %0.3e\" %Tan_toh" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Value of r1 = 3.661 ohm\n", + "Value of C1 = 0.7375 micro F\n", + "Dissipation Factor = 7.634e-03\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 23 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.12 - Page No : 195" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "L1= 52.6 # in mH\n", + "r1= 28.5 # in ohm\n", + "R2= 1.68 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 80 # resistance in ohm\n", + "R4= 80 # resistance in ohm\n", + "r2= r1*R3/R4-R2 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of coil = %0.2f ohm\" %r2\n", + "L2=L1*R3/R4 # in mH\n", + "print \"Inductance of coil = %0.1f mH\" %L2 " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of coil = 26.82 ohm\n", + "Inductance of coil = 52.6 mH\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 24 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.13 - Page No : 195" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "L= 47.8 # in mH\n", + "R= 1.36 # in ohm\n", + "R2= 100 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 32.7 #in ohm\n", + "R4= 100 #in ohm\n", + "R1= R2*R3/R4-R # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of coil = %0.2f ohm\" %R1\n", + "L1= R2/R4*L # in mH\n", + "print \"Inductance of coil = %0.1f mH\" %L1 " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of coil = 31.34 ohm\n", + "Inductance of coil = 47.8 mH\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 25 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.14 - Page No : 198" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R2= 1000 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 1000 #in ohm\n", + "R4= 1000 #in ohm\n", + "C4= 0.5 # in miu F\n", + "C4= C4*10**-6 # in F\n", + "R1= R2*R3/R4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of inductor = %0.f ohm\" %R1\n", + "L1= C4*R2*R3 # in H\n", + "print \"Inductance of inductor = %0.1f H\" %L1 " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of inductor = 1000 ohm\n", + "Inductance of inductor = 0.5 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 28 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.15 - Page No : 200" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "r= 469 # in ohm\n", + "R2= 1000 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 218 #in ohm\n", + "R4= 1000 #in ohm\n", + "C= 10 # in miu F\n", + "C= C*10**-6 # in F\n", + "R1= R2*R3/R4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of inductor = %0.f ohm\" %R1\n", + "L1= C*R2/R4*(r*(R3+R4)+R3*R4) # in H\n", + "print \"Inductance of inductor = %0.3f H\" %L1\n", + " " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of inductor = 218 ohm\n", + "Inductance of inductor = 7.892 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 29 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.16 - Page No : 200" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "r= 500 # in ohm\n", + "R2= 400 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 400 #in ohm\n", + "R4= 400 #in ohm\n", + "C= 2 # in miu F\n", + "C= C*10**-6 # in F\n", + "R= R2*R3/R4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of AB = %0.f ohm\" %R\n", + "L= C*R2/R4*(r*(R3+R4)+R3*R4) # in H\n", + "print \"Inductance of AB = %0.2f H\" %L" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of AB = 400 ohm\n", + "Inductance of AB = 1.12 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 30 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.17 - Page No : 200" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "r= 100 # in ohm\n", + "R2= 1000 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 500 #in ohm\n", + "R4= 1000 #in ohm\n", + "C= 3 # in micro F\n", + "C= C*10**-6 # in F\n", + "Rx= R2*R3/R4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Value of Rx = %0.f ohm\" %Rx\n", + "Lx= C*R2/R4*(r*(R3+R4)+R3*R4) # in H\n", + "print \"Value of Lx = %0.2f H\" %Lx " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Value of Rx = 500 ohm\n", + "Value of Lx = 1.95 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 32 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.18 - Page No : 203" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R2= 1000 # in ohm\n", + "R3= 16800 #in ohm\n", + "R4= 833 #in ohm\n", + "C4= 0.38 # in miu F\n", + "C4= C4*10**-6 # in F\n", + "f= 50 # in Hz\n", + "omega=2*pi*f \n", + "L1= R2*R3*C4/(1+(omega*C4*R4)**2) # in H\n", + "print \"Unknown inductance = %0.2f H\" %L1 \n", + "R1= R2*R3*R4*omega**2*C4**2/(1+(omega*C4*R4)**2) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance = %0.2f ohm\" %R1" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown inductance = 6.32 H\n", + "Unknown resistance = 197.49 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 33 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.19 - Page No : 203" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R1= 500 #in ohm\n", + "R2= 1000 # in ohm\n", + "R3= R2 #in ohm\n", + "L1= 0.18 # in H\n", + "f= 5000/(2*pi) # in Hz\n", + "omega= 2*pi*f \n", + "# L1= R2*R3*C4/(1+(omega*C4*R4)**2) (i) \n", + "# and R1= R2*R3*R4*omega**2*C4**2/(1+(omega*C4*R4)**2) or R1= omega**2*R4*C4*L1\n", + "R4C4= R1/(omega**2*L1) \n", + "# From eq (i)\n", + "C4= L1*(1+(omega*R4C4)**2)/(R2*R3) # in F\n", + "print \"The value of C = %0.4f micro F\" %(C4*10**6) \n", + "R4= R4C4/C4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"The value of R4 = %0.f ohm\" %R4" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of C = 0.2356 micro F\n", + "The value of R4 = 472 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 35 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.20 - Page No : 204" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R2= 1000 #in ohm\n", + "R3= 10000 # in ohm\n", + "R4= 2000 #in ohm\n", + "C4= 1*10**-6 # in F\n", + "omega= 3000 # radians/sec\n", + "L1= R2*R3*C4/(1+(omega*C4*R4)**2) # in H\n", + "print \"Equivalent inductance of the network = %0.2f H\" %L1\n", + "R1= R2*R3*R4*omega**2*C4**2/(1+(omega*C4*R4)**2) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Equivalent resistance of the network = %0.3f kohm\" %(R1*10**-3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Equivalent inductance of the network = 0.27 H\n", + "Equivalent resistance of the network = 4.865 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 37 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.21 - Page No : 204" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R2= 2410 #in ohm\n", + "R3= 750 # in ohm\n", + "R4= 64.5 #in ohm\n", + "C4= 0.35*10**-6 # in F\n", + "r4= 0.4 # series resistance of capacitor in ohm\n", + "f=500 #/ in Hz\n", + "omega= 2*pi*f # radians/sec\n", + "R4= R4+r4 # in ohm\n", + "R1= R2*R3*R4*omega**2*C4**2/(1+(omega*C4*R4)**2) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of the choke coil = %0.2f ohm\" %R1\n", + "L1= R2*R3*C4/(1+(omega*C4*R4)**2) # in H\n", + "print \"Inductance of the choke coil = %0.4f H\" %L1\n", + "\n", + "# Note: Calculation of finding the value of L1 in the book is wrong" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of the choke coil = 141.11 ohm\n", + "Inductance of the choke coil = 0.6294 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 38 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.22 - Page No :205" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import atan2 \n", + "#Given data\n", + "R2= 834 # in \u03a9\n", + "R3= 100 # in \u03a9\n", + "C2= 0.124 # in \u00b5F\n", + "C2= C2*10**-6 # in F\n", + "C4= 0.1 # in \u00b5F\n", + "C4= C4*10**-6 # in F\n", + "L1= R2*R3*C4 # in H\n", + "f= 2 # in kHz\n", + "f= f*10**3 # in kHz\n", + "print \"The value of L1 = %0.2f mH\" %(L1*10**3)\n", + "R1= R3*C4/C2 # in \u03a9\n", + "print \"The value of R1 = %0.2f \u03a9\" %R1\n", + "pi_2_f_L1= 2*pi*f*L1 # value of 2*pi*f*L1\n", + "i= 1j # complex number\n", + "i_XL= i*pi_2_f_L1 #imaginary part\n", + "Z= R1+i_XL # impedance in ohm\n", + "print \"The magnitude of effective impedence = %0.2f \u03a9\" %abs(Z)\n", + "theta= atan2(Z.imag,Z.real)*180/pi\n", + "print \"The angle of effective impedence = %0.2f\u00b0\" %theta" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of L1 = 8.34 mH\n", + "The value of R1 = 80.65 \u03a9\n", + "The magnitude of effective impedence = 132.24 \u03a9\n", + "The angle of effective impedence = 52.42\u00b0\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 50 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.23 - Page No : 211" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "fr= 2 # in MHz\n", + "fr=fr*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "C=230+8 # in pF\n", + "C=C*10**-12 # in F\n", + "# Formula fr= 1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C))\n", + "L= 1/((2*pi*fr)**2*C) # in H\n", + "print \"Value of L = %0.1f \u00b5H\" %(L*10**6)\n", + "# From the first set of data\n", + "fr= 1 # in MHz\n", + "fr=fr*10**6 # in Hz\\\n", + "C= 1/((2*pi*fr)**2*L) # in F\n", + "print \"Value of C = %0.f pF\" %(C*10**12)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Value of L = 26.6 \u00b5H\n", + "Value of C = 952 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 51 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.24 - Page No : 212" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "C1= 208 # in pF\n", + "C1=C1*10**-12 # in F\n", + "Q1= 80 \n", + "C2= 184 # in pF\n", + "C2=C2*10**-12 # in F\n", + "Q2= 50 \n", + "f=165 # in kHz\n", + "f=f*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "omega= 2*pi*f # in radians/sec\n", + "# Part (i)\n", + "Rm= 1/omega*(1/(C2*Q2)-1/(C1*Q1)) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistive component of unknown impedence = %0.2f ohm\" %Rm\n", + "# Part(ii)\n", + "Xm= 1/omega*(1/C2-1/C1) # in ohm\n", + "print \"Reactive component of unknown impedence = %0.f ohm\" %Xm" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistive component of unknown impedence = 46.88 ohm\n", + "Reactive component of unknown impedence = 605 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 52 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.25 - Page No : 212" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "C1= 160*10**-12 # in F\n", + "C2= 36*10**-12 # in F\n", + "f1=250 # in kHz\n", + "f1=f1*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "f2=500 # in kHz\n", + "f2=f2*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "Cd= (C1-4*C2)/3 # in F\n", + "print \"Self Capacitance of the coil = %0.2f \u00b5\u00b5F\" %(Cd*10**12)\n", + "# Formula f1= 1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*(C1+Cd)))\n", + "L= 1/((2*pi*f1)**2*(C1+Cd)) # in H\n", + "print \"Self inductance of the coil = %0.f \u00b5H\" %(L*10**6) " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Self Capacitance of the coil = 5.33 \u00b5\u00b5F\n", + "Self inductance of the coil = 2451 \u00b5H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 53 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.26 - Page No : 213" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "C1= 251*10**-12 # in F\n", + "C2= 50*10**-12 # in F\n", + "f1=3 # in MHz\n", + "f1=f1*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "f2=6 # in MHz\n", + "f2=f2*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "Cd= (C1-4*C2)/3 # in F\n", + "print \"Self Capacitance of the coil = %0.f pF\" %(Cd*10**12)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Self Capacitance of the coil = 17 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 54 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.27 - Page No : 213" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "C1= 1530 # in pF\n", + "C2= 162 # in pF\n", + "f1=1 # in MHz\n", + "f1=f1*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "f2=3 # in MHz\n", + "f2=f2*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "# f1= 1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*(C1+Cd)))\n", + "# f1= 1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*(C2+Cd))) and f2= 3*f1 so\n", + "Cd= (C1-9*C2)/8 # in pF\n", + "print \"Self capacitance of the coil = %0.f pF\" %Cd" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Self capacitance of the coil = 9 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 55 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.28 - Page No : 213" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f= 450 # in kHz\n", + "f=f*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "C=250 # in pF\n", + "C=C*10**-12 # in F\n", + "Rsh= 0.75 # in ohm\n", + "Q= 105 \n", + "omega= 2*pi*f # in radians/sec\n", + "# Formula f= 1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C))\n", + "L= 1/((2*pi*f)**2*C) # in H\n", + "print \"Inductance of the coil = %0.f \u00b5H\" %(L*10**6)\n", + "R= omega*L/Q-Rsh # in ohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of the coil = %0.2f ohm\" %R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Inductance of the coil = 500 \u00b5H\n", + "Resistance of the coil = 12.72 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 56 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.29 - Page No : 213" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f= 500 # in kHz\n", + "f=f*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "C=120 # in pF\n", + "C=C*10**-12 # in F\n", + "R= 5 # in ohm\n", + "r=0.02 # resistance used across the oscillatory circuit in ohm\n", + "omega= 2*pi*f # in radians/sec\n", + "Q_True= 1/(omega*C*R) \n", + "Q_indicated= 1/(omega*C*(R+r)) \n", + "PerError= (Q_True-Q_indicated)*100/Q_True # in %\n", + "print \"Percentage Error = %0.1f %%\" %PerError" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage Error = 0.4 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 57 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.30 - Page No : 214" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f1= 800 # in kHz\n", + "f1=f1*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "f2= 2.5 # in MHz\n", + "f2=f2*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "C1=95 # in pF\n", + "C1=C1*10**-12 # in F\n", + "# L= 1/(omega1**2*(C1+Cd)) (i)\n", + "# L= 1/(omega2**2*Cd) (ii)\n", + "# From eq(i) and eq(ii)\n", + "Cd= f1**2*C1/(f2**2-f1**2) # in F\n", + "print \"Self capacitance of the radio coil = %0.2f pF\" %(Cd*10**12) " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Self capacitance of the radio coil = 10.84 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 58 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 7.31 - Page No : 214" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f1= 1 # in MHz\n", + "f1=f1*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "f2= 2 # in MHz\n", + "f2=f2*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "C1=480 # in pF\n", + "C1=C1*10**-12 # in F\n", + "C2=90 # in pF\n", + "C2=C2*10**-12 # in F\n", + "R=10 # in ohm\n", + "omega1= 2*pi*f1 # in radians/sec\n", + "omega2= 2*pi*f2 # in radians/sec\n", + "\n", + "# Part (i)\n", + "Cd= (C1-4*C2)/3 # in F\n", + "print \"(i) : Self capacitance of the coil = %0.f pF\" %(Cd*10**12)\n", + "\n", + "# Part(ii)\n", + "Q_indicated1= 1/(omega1*(C1+Cd)*R) \n", + "print \"(ii) : Indicated or effective Q for first measurement = %0.3f\" %Q_indicated1\n", + "Q_True1= 1/(omega1*C1*R) \n", + "print \"True Q for first measurement = %0.3f \" %Q_True1\n", + "Q_indicated2= 1/(omega2*(C2+Cd)*R) \n", + "print \"Indicated or effective Q for second measurement = %0.3f\" %Q_indicated2\n", + "Q_True2= 1/(omega2*C2*R) \n", + "print \"True Q for second measurement = %0.2f\" %Q_True2 " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(i) : Self capacitance of the coil = 40 pF\n", + "(ii) : Indicated or effective Q for first measurement = 30.607\n", + "True Q for first measurement = 33.157 \n", + "Indicated or effective Q for second measurement = 61.213\n", + "True Q for second measurement = 88.42\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 60 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_08.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_08.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..863a69a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_08.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,659 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:012ab8557afdcfdae2cdc3da17271647415fc17ab95dd187f4df0903472edf45" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 8 : Cathode Ray Oscilloscopes" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.1 - Page No : 231" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import sqrt\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#Given data\n", + "l=25 # in mm\n", + "l=l*10**-3 # in meter\n", + "d=5 # in mm\n", + "d=d*10**-3 # in meter\n", + "S= 20 # in cm\n", + "S= S*10**-2 # in meter\n", + "Va= 3000 # in volts\n", + "TraceLength= 10 # in cm\n", + "TraceLength=TraceLength*10**-2 # in meter\n", + "y=TraceLength/2 \n", + "Vd= 2*d*Va*y/(l*S) # in volts\n", + "Vrms= Vd/sqrt(2) # in volts\n", + "Vrms= int(Vrms) \n", + "print \"RMS value of the sinusoidal voltage applied to the X-deflecting plates = %0.f volts\" %Vrms \n", + "DeflectionSensitivity= l*S/(2*d*Va) # in m/V\n", + "print \"Deflection Sensitivity = %0.3f mm/V\" %(DeflectionSensitivity*10**3) " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "RMS value of the sinusoidal voltage applied to the X-deflecting plates = 212 volts\n", + "Deflection Sensitivity = 0.167 mm/V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.2 - Page No : 231" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import sqrt\n", + "#Given data\n", + "Va= 1000 # in volts\n", + "e= 1.6*10**-19 # in C\n", + "m= 9.1*10**-31 # in kg\n", + "MaxVel= sqrt(2*Va*e/m) # maximum velocity of electrons in m/s\n", + "print \"Maximum velocity of electrons = %0.3e m/s\" %MaxVel" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Maximum velocity of electrons = 1.875e+07 m/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.3 - Page No : 232" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "l=20 # in mm\n", + "l=l*10**-3 # in meter\n", + "d=5 # in mm\n", + "d=d*10**-3 # in meter\n", + "S= 0.20 # in meter\n", + "Va= 2500 # in volts\n", + "DeflectionSensitivity= l*S/(2*d*Va) # in m/V\n", + "print \"Deflection Sensitivity = %0.2f mm/V\" %(DeflectionSensitivity*10**3) " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Deflection Sensitivity = 0.16 mm/V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.4 - Page No : 232" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import tan, pi\n", + "#Given data\n", + "l=2.5 # in cm\n", + "l=l*10**-2 # in meter\n", + "d=1 # in cm\n", + "d=d*10**-2 # in meter\n", + "Va= 1000 # in volts\n", + "theta= 1 # in degree\n", + "# Formula tand(theta) = l*Vd/(2*d*Va)\n", + "Vd= 2*d*Va/l*tan(theta*pi/180) # in volts\n", + "print \"Voltage required across the deflection plates = %0.2f volts\" %Vd" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Voltage required across the deflection plates = 13.96 volts\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.5 - Page No : 232" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "l=2.5 # in cm\n", + "l=l*10**-2 # in meter\n", + "d=.5 # in cm\n", + "d=d*10**-2 # in meter\n", + "S= 20 # in cm\n", + "S= S*10**-2 # in meter\n", + "Va= 2500 # in volts\n", + "# Formula y = OC*AB/OB = (S*d/2)/(l/2)\n", + "y = (S*d/2)/(l/2) # in meter\n", + "print \"The value of deflection = %0.f cm\" %(y*10**2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of deflection = 4 cm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.6 - Page No : 244" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "R_E1= 5.6 # in kohm\n", + "C1= 0.2 # in micro F\n", + "V_B1= 6.3 # in volt\n", + "V_BE= 0.7 # in volt\n", + "TL= 2.5 # trigger level for the Schmitt trigger (UTP,LTP) in volt\n", + "del_V1= 2*TL # in volt\n", + "I_C1= (V_B1-V_BE)/R_E1 # in mA\n", + "print \"Charging current = %0.f mA\" %I_C1 \n", + "toh= del_V1*C1/I_C1 # in ms\n", + "print \"Time period = %0.f ms\" %toh" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Charging current = 1 mA\n", + "Time period = 1 ms\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.7 - Page No : 255" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "L=10 # trace length in cm\n", + "DS= 5 # deflection sensitivity in V/cm\n", + "V_peakTOpeak= L*DS # in volt\n", + "V_peak= V_peakTOpeak/2 # in volt\n", + "RMS= V_peak/sqrt(2) # RMS value of unknown as voltage in volt\n", + "print \"The value of AC voltage = %0.3f volts\" %RMS " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of AC voltage = 17.678 volts\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.8 - Page No : 255" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from fractions import Fraction \n", + "#Given data\n", + "Y= 3 # Positive Y-peaks in pattern\n", + "X= 2 # Positive X-peaks in pattern\n", + "# Ratio of frequencies of vertical and horizontal signals\n", + "# f_y/f_x= omega_y/omega_x = Y/X\n", + "R= Y/X #Ratio of frequencies \n", + "print \"Ratio of frequencies of vertical and horizontal signals = \",Fraction(R).limit_denominator(10) " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Ratio of frequencies of vertical and horizontal signals = 3/2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.9 - Page No : 255" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Y= 2+1/2 # Positive Y-peaks in pattern\n", + "X= 1/2+1/2 # Positive X-peaks in pattern\n", + "f_h= 3# frequency of horizontal voltage signal in kHz\n", + "f_yBYf_x= Y/X \n", + "# frequency of vertical voltage signal= f_yBYf_x * f_h\n", + "f_v= f_yBYf_x * f_h # frequency of vertical voltage signal in kHz\n", + "print \"frequency of vertical voltage signal = %0.1f kHz\" %f_v " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "frequency of vertical voltage signal = 7.5 kHz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.10 - Page No : 256" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f_x= 1000 # in Hz\n", + "Y= 2 # points of tangency to vertical line\n", + "X= 5 # points of tangency to horizontal line\n", + "f_y= f_x*X/Y # in Hz\n", + "print \"Frequency of vertical input = %0.f Hz\" %f_y" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Frequency of vertical input = 2500 Hz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.11 - Page No : 256" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from fractions import Fraction \n", + "#Given data\n", + "# Taking 1div= 1 cm for CRO wave displays\n", + "Mark= 0.4 # cm\n", + "Space= 1.6 # cm\n", + "SAC= 0.2 # signal amplitude control in V/div\n", + "TBS= 10 # time base control in micro/div\n", + "Amplitude= 2.15 # in cm\n", + "M_S_ratio= Mark/Space # Mark to Space raio \n", + "print \"Mark to Space ratio = \",Fraction(M_S_ratio).limit_denominator(20) \n", + "T= (Mark+Space)*TBS # in micro sec\n", + "T=T*10**-6 # in sec\n", + "f=1/T # in Hz\n", + "print \"Pulse frequency = %0.f kHz\" %(f*10**-3)\n", + "Mag= Amplitude*SAC # Magnitude of pulse voltage in volt\n", + "print \"Magnitude of pulse voltage = %0.2f volts\" %Mag" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Mark to Space ratio = 1/4\n", + "Pulse frequency = 50 kHz\n", + "Magnitude of pulse voltage = 0.43 volts\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.12 - Page No : 256" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import asin\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#Given data\n", + "# Part (a)\n", + "d_v0= 0 \n", + "Dv=6 \n", + "fie= asin(d_v0/Dv) \n", + "print \"Phase angle of first figure = %0.f degree\" %fie\n", + "# Part (b)\n", + "d_v0= 3 \n", + "Dv=6 \n", + "fie= asin(d_v0/Dv)*180/pi \n", + "print \"Phase angle of second figure = %0.f degree\" %fie,\"or %0.f\" %(180-fie)\n", + "# Part (c)\n", + "d_v0= 5 \n", + "Dv=5 \n", + "fie= asin(d_v0/Dv)*180/pi\n", + "print \"Phase angle of third figure = %0.f degree\" %fie\n", + "# Part (d)\n", + "d_v0= 3 \n", + "Dv=5 \n", + "fie= asin(d_v0/Dv)*180/pi\n", + "# since ellipse is in 2nd and fourth quartes so the valid value of phase angle \n", + "fie= 180-fie\n", + "print \"Phase angle of fourth figure = %0.1f degree\" %fie,\"or %0.1f\" %(180-fie)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Phase angle of first figure = 0 degree\n", + "Phase angle of second figure = 30 degree or 150\n", + "Phase angle of third figure = 90 degree\n", + "Phase angle of fourth figure = 143.1 degree or 36.9\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 30 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.13 - Page No : 257" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f=2000 # in Hz\n", + "T=1/f # in sec\n", + "D=0.2 \n", + "PulseDuration= D*T # in sec\n", + "print \"The value of pulse duration = %0.1f ms\" %(PulseDuration*10**3) " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of pulse duration = 0.1 ms\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 31 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.14 - Page No : 258" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "vertical_attenuation= 0.5 # in V/Div\n", + "TPD= 2 # time/Div control in micro sec\n", + "P= 4*vertical_attenuation # peak-to-peak amplitude of the signal in V \n", + "print \"Peak-to-Peak amplitude of the signal = %0.f V\" %P\n", + "T= 4*TPD # in micro sec\n", + "T=T*10**-6 # in sec\n", + "f=1/T # in Hz\n", + "print \"The value of frequency = %0.f kHz\" %(f*10**-3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Peak-to-Peak amplitude of the signal = 2 V\n", + "The value of frequency = 125 kHz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 32 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.15 - Page No : 261" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "C_1N= 36 # in pF\n", + "C_2= 150 # in pF\n", + "R_1N= 1 # in M ohm\n", + "R_1= 10 # in M ohm\n", + "# R_1/(omega*(C_2+C_1N)) = R_1N/(omega*C_1)\n", + "C_1= R_1N*(C_2+C_1N)/R_1 # in pF\n", + "print \"Value of C_1 = %0.1f pF\" %C_1\n", + "C_T= 1/(1/C_1+1/(C_2+C_1N)) # in pF\n", + "print \"Value of C_T = %0.2f pF\" %C_T" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Value of C_1 = 18.6 pF\n", + "Value of C_T = 16.91 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 33 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.16 - Page No : 261" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "C_1N= 36 # in pF\n", + "C_2= 150 # in pF\n", + "R_1N= 1 # in M ohm\n", + "R_1= 10 # in M ohm\n", + "R_source= 500 # in ohm\n", + "# R_1/(omega*(C_2+C_1N)) = R_1N/(omega*C_1)\n", + "C_1= R_1N*(C_2+C_1N)/R_1 # in pF\n", + "C_T= 1/(1/C_1+1/(C_2+C_1N)) # in pF\n", + "C_T= C_T*10**-12 # in F\n", + "f= 1/(2*pi*C_T*R_source) \n", + "print \"Signal Frequency = %0.2f MHz\" %(f*10**-6)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Signal Frequency = 18.82 MHz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 34 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 8.17 - Page No : 263" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "f= 20 # in MHz\n", + "f=f*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "toh= 1/f # in sec\n", + "toh=toh*10**9 # in ns\n", + "# For one cycle occupying 4 horizontal divisions,\n", + "MTD= toh/4 # Minimum time/division in ns/division\n", + "# Using the 10 times magnifier to provide MTD\n", + "MTD_setting= 10*MTD # minimum time/division setting in ns/division\n", + "print \"Minimum time/division setting = %0.f ns/division\" %MTD_setting" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Minimum time/division setting = 125 ns/division\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 35 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_10.ipynb b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_10.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ee2c5bbc --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/Chapter_10.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:e3beb8b0630c35bb63d0b674a53a03c2bc95fc955abe45777c3c8a090f6bed5e" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter - 10 : Instrument Calibration and Recorders" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 10.1 - Page No : 284\n", + " " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Given data\n", + "FullScale= 25 # in volt\n", + "\n", + "VR= 5 # voltmeter reading in volt\n", + "Error= -0.25 # in volt\n", + "Error_Reading= Error/VR*100 # % of reading\n", + "print \"Error percentage of reading = %0.f %% of reading\" %Error_Reading \n", + "Error_FullScale= Error/FullScale*100 # % of full scale\n", + "print \"Error percentage of full scale = %0.f %% of full-scale\" %Error_FullScale\n", + "\n", + "VR= 10 # voltmeter reading in volt\n", + "Error= 0.25 # in volt\n", + "Error_Reading= Error/VR*100 # % of reading\n", + "print \"Error percentage of reading = %0.1f %% of reading\" %Error_Reading \n", + "Error_FullScale= Error/FullScale*100 # % of full scale\n", + "print \"Error percentage of full scale = %0.f %% of full-scale\" %Error_FullScale\n", + "\n", + "VR= 20 # voltmeter reading in volt\n", + "Error= -0.4 # in volt\n", + "Error_Reading= Error/VR*100 # % of reading\n", + "print \"Error percentage of reading = %0.f %% of reading\" %Error_Reading \n", + "Error_FullScale= Error/FullScale*100 # % of full scale\n", + "print \"Error percentage of full scale = %0.1f %% of full-scale\" %Error_FullScale" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Error percentage of reading = -5 % of reading\n", + "Error percentage of full scale = -1 % of full-scale\n", + "Error percentage of reading = 2.5 % of reading\n", + "Error percentage of full scale = 1 % of full-scale\n", + "Error percentage of reading = -2 % of reading\n", + "Error percentage of full scale = -1.6 % of full-scale\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example : 10.2 - Page No : 286" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " #Given data\n", + "Pm=1250 # in watt\n", + "V=255 # in volt\n", + "I=4.8 # in amp\n", + "P=V*I #/ in watt\n", + "AbsoluteError= Pm-P # in watt\n", + "print \"Absolute Error = %0.f watt\" %AbsoluteError \n", + "PerError= AbsoluteError/Pm*100 # in %\n", + "print \"Percentage Error = %0.2f %%\" %PerError" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Absolute Error = 26 watt\n", + "Percentage Error = 2.08 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap2.png b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap2.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000..9e2ff7b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap2.png diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap3.png b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap3.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000..aaadd53e --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap3.png diff --git a/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap3_1.png b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap3_1.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000..aaadd53e --- /dev/null +++ b/Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurements_by_J.B.Gupta/screenshots/snap3_1.png |
