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diff --git a/Electrical_Circuit_Theory_And_Technology/chapter_44-checkpoint_2.ipynb b/Electrical_Circuit_Theory_And_Technology/chapter_44-checkpoint_2.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..03d830a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Electrical_Circuit_Theory_And_Technology/chapter_44-checkpoint_2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,1093 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": ""
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h1>Chapter 44: Transmission lines</h1>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 1, page no. 873</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine (a) the wavelength on the line, and (b) the speed of transmission of a signal.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "f = 1910;# in Hz\n",
+ "b = 0.05;# in rad/km\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation:\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ " #wavelength \n",
+ "Y = 2*math.pi/b\n",
+ " #speed of transmission\n",
+ "u = f*Y\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n wavelength Y is \",round(Y,1),\" km\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n speed of transmission \",round(u,1),\"km/sec\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " wavelength Y is 125.7 km\n",
+ "\n",
+ " speed of transmission 240017.7 km/sec"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 2, page no. 873</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine, for a frequency of operation of 1 kHz, \n",
+ "#(a) the phase delay, \n",
+ "#(b) the wavelength on the line, and \n",
+ "#(c) the velocity of propagation (in metres per second) of the signal.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "L = 0.004;# in Henry/loop\n",
+ "C = 0.004E-6;# in F/loop\n",
+ "f = 1000;# in Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ " #phase delay\n",
+ "b = w*(L*C)**0.5\n",
+ " #wavelength \n",
+ "Y = 2*math.pi/b\n",
+ " #speed of transmission\n",
+ "u = f*Y\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n phase delay is \",round(b,3),\" rad/km\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n wavelength Y is \",Y,\" km\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n speed of transmission \",u,\"km/sec\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " phase delay is 0.025 rad/km\n",
+ "\n",
+ " wavelength Y is 250.0 km\n",
+ "\n",
+ " speed of transmission 250000.0 km/sec"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 3, page no. 874</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#determine the voltage at a point 10 km down the line,\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "a = 0.25;# in Np/km\n",
+ "b = 0.20;# in rad/km\n",
+ "Vs = 5;# in Volts\n",
+ "n = 10;# in km\n",
+ "f = 2000;# in Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ " #the voltage 10 km down the line\n",
+ "r = a + 1j*b\n",
+ "VR = Vs*cmath.e**(-1*n*r)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"voltage 10 km down the line is \",round(abs(VR),2),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(VR.real,VR.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg V\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "voltage 10 km down the line is 0.41 /_ -114.59 deg V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 4, page no. 875</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine the magnitude and phase of the current at the receiving end,\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "a = 0.5;# in Np/km\n",
+ "b = 0.25;# in rad/km\n",
+ "rvs = 2;# in Volts\n",
+ "thetavs = 0;# in degrees\n",
+ "rzo = 800;# in ohm\n",
+ "thetazo = -25;# in degrees\n",
+ "n = 5;# in km\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation:\n",
+ " #voltage\n",
+ "Vs = rvs*math.cos(thetavs*math.pi/180) + 1j*rvs*math.sin(thetavs*math.pi/180)\n",
+ " #characteristic impedance\n",
+ "Zo = rzo*math.cos(thetazo*math.pi/180) + 1j*rzo*math.sin(thetazo*math.pi/180)\n",
+ " # receiving end voltage\n",
+ "r = a + 1j*b\n",
+ "VR = Vs*cmath.e**(-1*n*r)\n",
+ " #Receiving end current,\n",
+ "IR = VR/Zo\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"Receiving end current, IR is \",round(abs(IR)*1E3,3),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(IR.real,IR.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg mA\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Receiving end current, IR is 0.205 /_ -46.62 deg mA\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 5, page no. 875</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine the output voltage if the length of the line is doubled.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "Vs = 8;# in Volts\n",
+ "VR = 2;# in Volts\n",
+ "x = 2; \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation:\n",
+ " # receiving end voltage VR = Vs*e**(-nr)\n",
+ " #e**-nr = p\n",
+ "p = VR/Vs\n",
+ " #If the line is doubled in length, then\n",
+ "VR = Vs*(p)**2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n Receiving end voltage If the line is doubled in length, VR is \",abs(VR),\" V\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Receiving end voltage If the line is doubled in length, VR is 0.5 V"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 6, page no. 876</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine the characteristic impedance of the line at this frequency.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "rzoc = 800;# in ohm\n",
+ "thetazoc = -50;# in degrees\n",
+ "rzsc = 413;# in ohm\n",
+ "thetazsc = -20;# in degrees\n",
+ "f = 1500;# in Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ " #open circuit impedance\n",
+ "Zoc = rzoc*math.cos(thetazoc*math.pi/180) + 1j*rzoc*math.sin(thetazoc*math.pi/180)\n",
+ " #short circuit impedance\n",
+ "Zsc = rzsc*math.cos(thetazsc*math.pi/180) + 1j*rzsc*math.sin(thetazsc*math.pi/180)\n",
+ " #characteristic impedance Zo\n",
+ "Zo = (Zoc*Zsc)**0.5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"characteristic impedance Zo is\",round(abs(Zo)),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(Zo.real,Zo.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg ohm\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "characteristic impedance Zo is 575.0 /_ -35.0 deg ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 7, page no. 877</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine the characteristic impedance of the line when the frequency is 2 kHz.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "R = 15;# in ohm/loop km\n",
+ "L = 0.0034;# in H/loop km\n",
+ "C = 10E-9;# in F/km\n",
+ "G = 3E-6;# in S/km\n",
+ "f = 2000;# in Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ " #characteristic impedance Zo\n",
+ "Zo = ((R + 1j*w*L)/(G + 1j*w*C))**0.5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"characteristic impedance Zo is \",round(abs(Zo),0),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(Zo.real,Zo.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg ohm\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "characteristic impedance Zo is 600.0 /_ -8.99 deg ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 8, page no. 879</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine, at an operating frequency of 400 kHz, (a) the characteristic impedance,\n",
+ "#(b) the propagation coefficient, (c) the wavelength on the line, and \n",
+ "#(d) the velocity of propagation, in metres per second, of a signal.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "L = 0.0005;# in H/loop km\n",
+ "C = 0.12E-6;# in F/km\n",
+ "f = 400000;# in Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation:\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ " #characteristic impedance Zo\n",
+ "Zo = (L/C)**0.5\n",
+ " #the propagation coefficient\n",
+ "r = 1j*w*(L*C)**0.5\n",
+ " #the attenuation coefficient \n",
+ "a = r.real\n",
+ " #the phaseshift coefficient\n",
+ "b = r.imag\n",
+ " #wavelength\n",
+ "Y = 2*math.pi/b\n",
+ " #velocity of propagation \n",
+ "u = f*Y\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n characteristic impedance Zo is \",abs(Zo),\"ohm\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n propagation coefficient is \",a,\" +(\",round(b,2),\")i\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n wavelength Y is \",round(Y*1E3,0),\"m\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n speed of transmission \",round(u,2),\"km/sec\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " characteristic impedance Zo is 64.5497224368 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " propagation coefficient is 0.0 +( 19.47 )i\n",
+ "\n",
+ " wavelength Y is 323.0 m\n",
+ "\n",
+ " speed of transmission 129099.44 km/sec"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 9, page no. 880</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine for the line (a) the characteristic impedance,\n",
+ "#(b) the propagation coefficient, (c) the attenuation coefficient and\n",
+ "#(d) the phase-shift coefficient\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "R = 25;# in ohm/loop km\n",
+ "L = 0.005;# in H/loop km\n",
+ "C = 0.04E-6;# in F/km\n",
+ "G = 80E-6;# in S/km\n",
+ "f = 1000;# in Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ " #characteristic impedance Zo\n",
+ "Zo = ((R + 1j*w*L)/(G + 1j*w*C))**0.5\n",
+ " #the propagation coefficient\n",
+ "r = ((R + 1j*w*L)*(G + 1j*w*C))**0.5\n",
+ " #the attenuation coefficient \n",
+ "a = r.real\n",
+ " #the phaseshift coefficient\n",
+ "b = r.imag\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"characteristic impedance Zo is\",round(abs(Zo),2),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(Zo.real,Zo.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg ohm\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n propagation coefficient is \",round(abs(r),4),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(a,b))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n attenuation coefficient is \",round(a,4),\" Np/km\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n the phase-shift coefficient \",round(b,4),\" rad/km\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "characteristic impedance Zo is 390.16 /_ -10.43 deg ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " propagation coefficient is 0.1029 /_ 61.92 deg\n",
+ "\n",
+ " attenuation coefficient is 0.0484 Np/km\n",
+ "\n",
+ " the phase-shift coefficient 0.0908 rad/km\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 10, page no. 881</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#determine (a) the characteristic impedance, \n",
+ "#(b) the propagation coefficient, \n",
+ "#(c) the attenuation and phase-shift coefficients, \n",
+ "#(d) the sending-end current, \n",
+ "#(e) the receiving-end current, \n",
+ "#(f) the wavelength on the line, and \n",
+ "#(g) the speed of transmission of signal.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "R = 8;# in ohm/loop km\n",
+ "L = 0.003;# in H/loop km\n",
+ "C = 7500E-12;# in F/km\n",
+ "G = 0.25E-6;# in S/km\n",
+ "f = 1000;# in Hz\n",
+ "n = 300;# in km\n",
+ "Zg = 400 + 1j*0;# in ohm\n",
+ "Vg = 10;# in Volts\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ " #characteristic impedance Zo\n",
+ "Zo = ((R + 1j*w*L)/(G + 1j*w*C))**0.5\n",
+ " #the propagation coefficient\n",
+ "r = ((R + 1j*w*L)*(G + 1j*w*C))**0.5\n",
+ " #the attenuation coefficient \n",
+ "a = r.real\n",
+ " #the phaseshift coefficient\n",
+ "b = r.imag\n",
+ " #the sending-end current,\n",
+ "Is = Vg/(Zg + Zo)\n",
+ " #the receiving-end current,\n",
+ "IR = Is*cmath.e**(-1*n*r)\n",
+ " #wavelength\n",
+ "Y = 2*math.pi/b\n",
+ " #velocity of propagation \n",
+ "u = f*Y\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"characteristic impedance Zo is\",round(abs(Zo),1),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(Zo.real,Zo.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg ohm\"\n",
+ "print \"propagation coefficient is \",round(abs(r),5),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(r.real,r.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg\"\n",
+ "print \"attenuation coefficient is \",round(a,5),\" Np/km and the phaseshift coefficient \",round(b,5),\" rad/km\"\n",
+ "print \"sending-end current Is is \",round(abs(Is)*1E3,3),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(Is.real,Is.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg mA\"\n",
+ "print \"receiving-end current IR is\",round(abs(IR)*1E3,3),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(IR.real,IR.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg mA\"\n",
+ "print \"wavelength Y is \",round(Y,1),\" km\"\n",
+ "print \"speed of transmission \",round(u,1),\"km/sec\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "characteristic impedance Zo is 659.2 /_ -11.35 deg ohm\n",
+ "propagation coefficient is 0.03106 /_ 78.35 deg\n",
+ "attenuation coefficient is 0.00627 Np/km and the phaseshift coefficient 0.03042 rad/km\n",
+ "sending-end current Is is 9.485 /_ 7.07 deg mA\n",
+ "receiving-end current IR is 1.445 /_ -155.88 deg mA\n",
+ "wavelength Y is 206.5 km\n",
+ "speed of transmission 206521.1 km/sec\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 11, page no. 884</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine by how much the inductance should be increased to satisfy the condition for minimum distortion.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "R = 10;# in ohm/loop km\n",
+ "L = 0.0015;# in H/loop km\n",
+ "C = 0.06E-6;# in F/km\n",
+ "G = 1.2E-6;# in S/km\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ " #the condition for minimum distortion is given by LG = CR, from which,\n",
+ "Lm = C*R/G\n",
+ "dL = Lm - L\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n inductance should be increased by \",round(dL*1E3,1),\"mH/loop km for minimum distortion\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " inductance should be increased by 498.5 mH/loop km for minimum distortion"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 12, page no. 884</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine, for minimum distortion at a frequency of 1.5 kHz \n",
+ "#(a) the value of inductance per loop kilometre required, \n",
+ "#(b) the propagation coefficient, \n",
+ "#(c) the velocity of propagation of signal, and \n",
+ "#(d) the wavelength on the line\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "R = 80;# in ohm/loop km\n",
+ "C = 5E-9;# in F/km\n",
+ "G = 2E-6;# in S/km\n",
+ "f = 1500;# in Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ " #the condition for minimum distortion is given by LG = CR, from which, inductance\n",
+ "L = C*R/G\n",
+ " #attenuation coefficient,\n",
+ "a = (R*G)**0.5\n",
+ " #phase shift coefficient,\n",
+ "b = w*(L*C)**0.5\n",
+ " #propagation coefficient,\n",
+ "r = a + 1j*b\n",
+ " #velocity of propagation,\n",
+ "u = 1/(L*C)**0.5\n",
+ " #wavelength\n",
+ "Y = u/f\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n inductance is \",round(L,2),\" H\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n propagation coefficient is \",round(a,2),\" +(\",round(b,2),\")i\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n speed of transmission \",round(u,2),\"km/sec\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n wavelength Y is \",round(Y,2),\" km\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " inductance is 0.2 H\n",
+ "\n",
+ " propagation coefficient is 0.01 +( 0.3 )i\n",
+ "\n",
+ " speed of transmission 31622.78 km/sec\n",
+ "\n",
+ " wavelength Y is 21.08 km\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 13, page no. 888</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#calculate the value of (a) the reflection coefficient for the line, (b) the incident current, \n",
+ "#(c) the incident voltage, (d) the reflected current, and (e) the reflected voltage \n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "Zo = 75;# in ohm\n",
+ "ZR = 250;# in ohm\n",
+ "VR = 10;# in Volts\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation:\n",
+ " #reflection coefficient\n",
+ "p = (Zo - ZR)/(Zo + ZR)\n",
+ " #Current flowing in the terminating load\n",
+ "IR = VR/ZR\n",
+ " #incident current, Ii\n",
+ "Ii = IR/(1 + p)\n",
+ " #incident voltage, Vi \n",
+ "Vi = Ii*Zo\n",
+ " #reflected current, Ir\n",
+ "Ir = IR - Ii\n",
+ " #reflected voltage, Vr\n",
+ "Vr = -1*Ir*Zo\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n reflection coefficient is \",round(p,3),\"\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n incident current, Ii is \",round(Ii,4),\" A\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n incident voltage, Vi is \",round(Vi,2),\" V\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n reflected current, Ir is \",round(Ir,4),\" A\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n reflected voltage, Vr is \",round(Vr,2),\" V\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " reflection coefficient is -0.538 \n",
+ "\n",
+ " incident current, Ii is 0.0867 A\n",
+ "\n",
+ " incident voltage, Vi is 6.5 V\n",
+ "\n",
+ " reflected current, Ir is -0.0467 A\n",
+ "\n",
+ " reflected voltage, Vr is 3.5 V"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 14, page no. 889</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine the magnitude of the reflection coefficient in each case.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "Zo = 500 - 1j*40;# in ohm\n",
+ "ZR1 = 500 + 1j*40;# in ohm\n",
+ "ZR2 = 600 + 1j*0;# in ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ " #reflection coefficient\n",
+ "p1 = (Zo - ZR1)/(Zo + ZR1)\n",
+ "p2 = (Zo - ZR2)/(Zo + ZR2)\n",
+ "p1mag = abs(p1)\n",
+ "p2mag = abs(p2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n reflection coefficient (a)\",p1mag,\" and (b)\", round(p2mag,2),\"\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " reflection coefficient (a) 0.08 and (b) 0.1 "
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 15, page no. 890</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Determine (a) the magnitude of the ratio of the reflected to the incident voltage wave, and \n",
+ "#(b) the incident voltage\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "rzo = 500;# in ohm\n",
+ "thetazo = 0;# in degrees\n",
+ "ZR = 320 + 1j*240;# in ohm\n",
+ "rvr = 20;# in volts\n",
+ "thetavr = 35;# in degrees\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ " #voltage\n",
+ "VR = rvr*math.cos(thetavr*math.pi/180) + 1j*rvr*math.sin(thetavr*math.pi/180)\n",
+ " #characteristic impedance\n",
+ "Zo = rzo*math.cos(thetazo*math.pi/180) + 1j*rzo*math.sin(thetazo*math.pi/180)\n",
+ " #the ratio of the reflected to the incident voltage \n",
+ " #vr = VR/Vi\n",
+ "vr = (ZR - Zo)/(Zo + ZR)\n",
+ "vrmag = abs(vr)\n",
+ " #incident voltage, Vi\n",
+ "Vi = VR/vr\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n the magnitude of the ratio Vr : Vi is \",round(vrmag,3),\"\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n incident voltage, Vi is \",round(abs(Vi),1),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(Vi.real,Vi.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg V\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " the magnitude of the ratio Vr : Vi is 0.351 \n",
+ "\n",
+ " incident voltage, Vi is 57.0 /_ -75.56 deg V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 16, page no. 895</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#determine (a) the reflection coefficient and (b) the standing-wave ratio.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "rzo = 600;# in ohm\n",
+ "thetazo = 0;# in degrees\n",
+ "ZR = 400 + 250j;# in ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " #calculation:\n",
+ " #characteristic impedance\n",
+ "Zo = rzo*math.cos(thetazo*math.pi/180) + 1j*rzo*math.sin(thetazo*math.pi/180)\n",
+ " #reflection coefficient\n",
+ "p = (Zo - ZR)/(Zo + ZR)\n",
+ "pmag = abs(p)\n",
+ " #standing-wave ratio,\n",
+ "s = (1 + pmag)/(1 - pmag)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n reflection coefficient, is \",round(abs(p),4),\"/_\",round(cmath.phase(complex(p.real,p.imag))*180/math.pi,2),\"deg\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n standing-wave ratio, s is \",round(s,3),\"\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " reflection coefficient, is 0.3106 /_ -65.38 deg\n",
+ "\n",
+ " standing-wave ratio, s is 1.901 "
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 17, page no. 896</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Calculate (a) the standing-wave ratio, \n",
+ "#(b) the load impedance, and\n",
+ "#(c) the incident current flowing if the reflected current is 10 mA.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "rp = 0.2; \n",
+ "thetap = -120;# in degrees\n",
+ "Zo = 80;# in ohm\n",
+ "Ir = 0.01;# in Amperes\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation:\n",
+ " #reflection coefficient\n",
+ "p = rp*math.cos(thetap*math.pi/180) + 1j*rp*math.sin(thetap*math.pi/180)\n",
+ " #standing-wave ratio,\n",
+ "s = (1 + rp)/(1 - rp)\n",
+ " #load impedance ZR \n",
+ "ZR = Zo*(1 - p)/(1 + p)\n",
+ " #incident current\n",
+ "Ii = Ir*(s + 1)/(s - 1)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n standing-wave ratio, s is \",s,\"\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n load impedance ZR is \",round(ZR.real,2),\" +(\",round(ZR.imag,1),\")i ohm\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n incident current is \",Ii,\" A\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " standing-wave ratio, s is 1.5 \n",
+ "\n",
+ " load impedance ZR is 91.43 +( 33.0 )i ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ " incident current is 0.05 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "<h3>Example 18, page no. 897</h3>"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#determine the value of the reflected power.\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "#initializing the variables:\n",
+ "s = 1.6;\n",
+ "Pi = 0.2;# in Watts\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#calculation:\n",
+ " #reflected power, Pr\n",
+ "Pr = Pi*((s - 1)/(s + 1))**2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"\\n reflected power, Pr is \",round(Pr*1E3,2),\" mW\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " Result \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ " reflected power, Pr is 10.65 mW"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 18
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file |