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diff --git a/Electrical_Circuit_Theory_And_Technology/chapter_38-checkpoint_2.ipynb b/Electrical_Circuit_Theory_And_Technology/chapter_38-checkpoint_2.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index c4a1d2a6..00000000 --- a/Electrical_Circuit_Theory_And_Technology/chapter_38-checkpoint_2.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,631 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": ""
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h1>Chapter 38: Magnetic materials</h1>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 1, page no. 694</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Determine (a) the hysteresis loss per m3 per cycle, and (b) the hysteresis loss per m3 at a frequency of 50 Hz.\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "A = 12.5;# in cm2\n",
- "x = 500;# horizontal axis 1 cm = 500 A/m\n",
- "y = 0.2;# vertical axis 1 cm = 0.2 T\n",
- "f = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "\n",
- " #calculation: \n",
- " #hysteresis loss per cycle\n",
- "HL = A*x*y\n",
- " #At 50 Hz frequency, hysteresis loss\n",
- "HLf = HL*f\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\n(a)hysteresis loss per cycle is = \",HL,\" J/m3\"\n",
- "print \"\\n(b)At 50 Hz frequency, hysteresis loss \",HLf,\" W/m3\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "(a)hysteresis loss per cycle is = 1250.0 J/m3\n",
- "\n",
- "(b)At 50 Hz frequency, hysteresis loss 62500.0 W/m3"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 2, page no. 695</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#determine the hysteresis loss per m3 for a maximum flux density of 1.1 T and frequency of 25 Hz.\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "n = 1.6;# the Steinmetz index\n",
- "f1 = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "f2 = 25;# in Hz\n",
- "Bm1 = 1.5;# in Tesla\n",
- "Bm2 = 1.1;# in Tesla\n",
- "Ph1 = 62500;# in W/m3\n",
- "v = 1;\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation: \n",
- " #hysteresis loss Ph = kh*v*f*(Bm)**n\n",
- "kh = Ph1/(v*f1*(Bm1)**n)\n",
- " #When f = 25 Hz and Bm = 1.1 T,\n",
- "Ph2 = kh*v*f2*(Bm2)**n\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\n hysteresis loss When f = 25 Hz and Bm = 1.1 T, is = \",round(Ph2,2),\" W/m3\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " hysteresis loss When f = 25 Hz and Bm = 1.1 T, is = 19025.33 W/m3"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 3, page no. 695</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Determine the hysteresis loss at a frequency of 80 Hz\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "csa = 0.002;# in m2\n",
- "l = 1;# in m\n",
- "a = 400/0.01;# 10 mm = 400 A/m \n",
- "b = 0.1/0.01;# 10 mm = 0.1 T \n",
- "A = 0.01;# in m2\n",
- "f = 80;# in Hz\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation: \n",
- " #hysteresis loss per cycle\n",
- "HL = A*a*b\n",
- " #At a frequency of 80 Hz,\n",
- " #hysteresis loss\n",
- "HLf = HL*f\n",
- " #Volume of ring\n",
- "v = csa*l\n",
- " #hysteresis loss\n",
- "Ph = HLf*v\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\n the hysteresis loss at a frequency of 80 Hz is \",Ph,\" W\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " the hysteresis loss at a frequency of 80 Hz is 640.0 W"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 4, page no. 696</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Determine the value of the hysteresis loss when the maximum core flux is 8 mWb and the frequency is 50 Hz\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "Phi1 = 0.01;# in Wb\n",
- "Phi2 = 0.008;# in Wb\n",
- "csa = 0.008;# in m2\n",
- "v = 0.005;# in m3\n",
- "f = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "n = 1.7;# the Steinmetz constant\n",
- "Ph1 = 100;# in Watt\n",
- "\n",
- " #calculation: \n",
- " #maximum flux density\n",
- "Bm1 = Phi1/csa\n",
- " #hysteresis loss Ph1 = kh*v*f*(Bm1)**n\n",
- "kh = Ph1/(v*f*(Bm1)**n)\n",
- " #When the maximum core flux is 8 mWb,\n",
- "Bm2 = Phi2/csa\n",
- " #hysteresis loss, Ph2\n",
- "Ph2 = kh*v*f*(Bm2)**n\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"value of hysteresis loss when maximum core flux is 8 mWb and the frequency is 50 Hz is \",round(Ph2,2),\" W\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "value of hysteresis loss when maximum core flux is 8 mWb and the frequency is 50 Hz is 68.43 W\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 5, page no. 699</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#determine the new value of eddy current loss per cubic metre.\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "Pe1 = 10;# in W/m3\n",
- "f1 = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "f2 = 30;# in Hz\n",
- "\n",
- " #calculation: \n",
- " #When the eddy current loss is 10 W/m3, frequency f is 50 Hz.\n",
- " #constant k\n",
- "k = Pe1/(f1**2)\n",
- " #When the frequency is 30 Hz, eddy current loss,\n",
- "Pe2 = k*(f2**2)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\neddy current loss per cubic metre is \",Pe2,\" W/m3\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "eddy current loss per cubic metre is 3.6 W/m3"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 6, page no. 699</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#determine the necessary new thickness of the laminations.\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "Pe = 100;# in W/m3\n",
- "f1 = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "t1 = 0.0005;# in m\n",
- "x = 1/3;\n",
- "f2 = 250;# in Hz\n",
- "Bm1 = 1;\n",
- " #calculation: \n",
- " #Pe = ke*(Bm1*f1*t1)**2\n",
- " #Hence, at 50 Hz frequency\n",
- "ke = Pe/(Bm1*f1*t1)**2\n",
- " #At 250 Hz frequency\n",
- "Bm2 = x*Bm1\n",
- "t2 = ((Pe/ke)**0.5)/(Bm2*f2)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\nlamination thickness is \",t2,\"m\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "lamination thickness is 0.0003 m"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 6
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 7, page no. 700</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#(a) Determine the values of the losses if the frequency is increased to 60 Hz. \n",
- "#(b) What will be the total core loss if the frequency is 50 Hz and the lamination are made one-half of their original thickness?\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "Ph1 = 40;# in W\n",
- "Pe1 = 20;# in W\n",
- "f1 = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "x = 1/2;\n",
- "f2 = 60;# in Hz\n",
- "t1 = 1;\n",
- " #calculation: \n",
- " #hysteresis loss Ph = kh*v*f*(Bm)**n = k1*f\n",
- " #Thus when the hysteresis is 40 W and the frequency 50 Hz,\n",
- "k1 = Ph1/f1\n",
- " #If the frequency is increased to 60 Hz,\n",
- "Ph2 = k1*f2\n",
- " #eddy current loss, Pe = ke*(Bm1*f1*t1)**2 = k2*f**2\n",
- " #since the flux density and lamination thickness are constant.\n",
- " #When the eddy current loss is 20 W the frequency is 50 Hz. Thus\n",
- "k2 = Pe1/(f1**2)\n",
- " #If the frequency is increased to 60 Hz,\n",
- "Pe2 = k2*(f2**2)\n",
- " #hysteresis loss Ph = kh*v*f*(Bm)**n, is independent of the thickness of the laminations. \n",
- " #Thus, if the thickness of the laminations is halved, the hysteresis loss remains at \n",
- "Phb2 = Ph1\n",
- " #eddy current loss, Pe = ke*(Bm1*f1*t1)**2 = k2*t**3\n",
- "k3 = Pe1/(t1**3)\n",
- "t2 = 0.5*t1\n",
- "Peb2 = k3*t2**3\n",
- " #total core loss when the thickness of the laminations is halved is given by\n",
- "TL = Phb2 + Peb2\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\n(a)If the frequency is increased to 60 Hz,hysteresis loss is \",Ph2,\" W and eddy current loss \", Pe2,\" W\"\n",
- "print \"\\n(b)the total core loss when the thickness of the laminations is halved \",TL,\" W\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "(a)If the frequency is increased to 60 Hz,hysteresis loss is 48.0 W and eddy current loss 28.8 W\n",
- "\n",
- "(b)the total core loss when the thickness of the laminations is halved 42.5 W\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 8, page no. 701</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#determine the new total core loss.\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "V1 = 500;# in Volts\n",
- "V2 = 1000;# in Volts\n",
- "Ph1 = 400;# in W\n",
- "Pe1 = 150;# in W\n",
- "f1 = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "n = 1.6;# Steinmetz index\n",
- "f2 = 100;# in Hz\n",
- "\n",
- " #calculation: \n",
- " #hysteresis loss Ph = k1*f*(E/f)**n\n",
- " #At 500 V and 50 Hz\n",
- "k1 = Ph1/(f1*(V1/f1)**1.6)\n",
- " #At 1000 V and 100 Hz,\n",
- "Ph2 = k1*f2*(V2/f2)**1.6\n",
- " #eddy current loss, Pe = k2*E**2\n",
- " #At 500 V,\n",
- "k2 = Pe1/(V1**2)\n",
- " #At 1000 V,\n",
- "Pe2 = k2*(V2**2)\n",
- " #the new total core loss\n",
- "TL = Ph2 + Pe2\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\n the new total core loss \",TL,\" W\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " the new total core loss 1400.0 W"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 9, page no. 702</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Determine the separate values of the hysteresis and eddy current losses at frequencies of (a) 50 Hz and (b) 60 Hz.\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#from pylab import *\n",
- "%pylab inline\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "f1 = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "f2 = 60;# in Hz\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation:\n",
- "k1 = 0.5\n",
- "k2 = 0.032\n",
- "f = [30, 50, 70,90]\n",
- "Pcf = [1.5, 2.1, 2.7, 3.4]\n",
- "fig = plt.figure()\n",
- "ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",
- "ax.plot(f,Pcf,'-')\n",
- "xlabel('f')\n",
- "ylabel('Pc/f')\n",
- "show()\n",
- "HL1 = k1*f1\n",
- "ECL1 = k2*f1**2\n",
- "\n",
- "HL2 = k1*f2\n",
- "ECL2 = k2*f2**2\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\n (a) at Frequency = 50 Hz, hysteresis loss is\", HL1,\" W and eddy current loss is\", ECL1,\" W\"\n",
- "print \"\\n (b) at Frequency = 60 Hz, hysteresis loss is\", HL2,\" W and eddy current loss is\", ECL2,\" W\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "Welcome to pylab, a matplotlib-based Python environment [backend: module://IPython.zmq.pylab.backend_inline].\n",
- "For more information, type 'help(pylab)'."
- ]
- },
- {
- "output_type": "display_data",
- "png": 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- },
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " (a) at Frequency = 50 Hz, hysteresis loss is 25.0 W and eddy current loss is 80.0 W\n",
- "\n",
- " (b) at Frequency = 60 Hz, hysteresis loss is 30.0 W and eddy current loss is 115.2 W"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "<h3>Example 10, page no. 703</h3>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#(a) Determine the hysteresis and eddy current losses at 50 Hz (b) determine the hysteresis and eddy current losses at 50 Hz.\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "import math\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "#initializing the variables:\n",
- "TL1 = 400;# in Watt\n",
- "TL2 = 498;# in Watt\n",
- "x = 0.25;\n",
- "y = 0.4;\n",
- "f1 = 50;# in Hz\n",
- "n = 1.7;# Steinmetz index\n",
- "f2 = 60;# in Hz\n",
- "\n",
- " #calculation: \n",
- " #if volume v and the maximum flux density are constant\n",
- " #hysteresis loss Ph = kh*v*f*(Bm)**n = k1*f\n",
- " #(if the maximum flux density and the lamination thickness are constant)\n",
- " #eddy current loss, Pe = ke*(Bm1*f1*t1)**2 = k2*f**2\n",
- " #At 50 Hz frequency, TL1 = k1*f1 + k2*f1**2\n",
- " #At 60 Hz frequency, TL2 = k1*f2 + k2*f2**2\n",
- " #Solving equations gives the values of k1 and k2.\n",
- "k2 = (5*TL2 - 6*TL1)/(5*(f2**2) - 6*(f1**2))\n",
- "k1 = (TL1 - k2*f1**2)/f1\n",
- " #hysteresis loss Ph = k1*f\n",
- "Ph1 = k1*f1\n",
- " #eddy current loss\n",
- "Pe1 = k2*f1**2\n",
- " #Since at 50 Hz the flux density is increased by 25%, the new hysteresis loss is\n",
- "Ph2 = Ph1*(1 + x)**1.7\n",
- " #Since at 50 Hz the flux density is increased by 25%, and the lamination thickness is increased by 40%, \n",
- " #the new eddy current loss is\n",
- "Pe2 = Pe1*((1 + x)**2)*(1 + y)**3\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\n\\n Result \\n\\n\"\n",
- "print \"\\n (a)the hysteresis and eddy current losses at 50 Hz are \",round(Ph1,2),\" W and \",round( Pe1,2),\" W resp.\"\n",
- "print \"\\n (b)the hysteresis and eddy current losses at 50 Hz after increement are \",round(Ph2,2),\" W and \",round( Pe2,2),\" W resp.\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " Result \n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- " (a)the hysteresis and eddy current losses at 50 Hz are 325.0 W and 75.0 W resp.\n",
- "\n",
- " (b)the hysteresis and eddy current losses at 50 Hz after increement are 474.93 W and 321.56 W resp.\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file |