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diff --git a/Electrical_Circuit_Theory_And_Technology/chapter_17-checkpoint_3.ipynb b/Electrical_Circuit_Theory_And_Technology/chapter_17-checkpoint_3.ipynb
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+{

+ "metadata": {

+  "name": "",

+  "signature": "sha256:ca1c7401f018e12f4456a542a7349262c450bbcce53eee5003079be7be1331af"

+ },

+ "nbformat": 3,

+ "nbformat_minor": 0,

+ "worksheets": [

+  {

+   "cells": [

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h1>Chapter 17: D.c. transients</h1>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 1, page no. 262</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#from pylab import *\n",

+      "%pylab inline\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "C  =  15E-6;#  in  Farads\n",

+      "R  =  47000;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  120;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "tou  =  R*C\n",

+      "t1  =  tou\n",

+      "Vctou  =  V*(1-math.e**(-1*t1/tou))\n",

+      "Vct  =  V/2\n",

+      "t0  =  -1*tou*math.log(1  -  Vct/V)\n",

+      "t=[]\n",

+      "Vc=[]\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "for h in range(50):\n",

+      "    t.append((h-1)/10)\n",

+      "    k=(h-1)/10\n",

+      "    Vc.append(V*(1 - math.e**(-1*k/tou)))\n",

+      "fig  = plt.figure()\n",

+      "ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",

+      "ax.plot(t,Vc,'-')\n",

+      "#plot(t,Vc,'-')\n",

+      "xlabel('time(sec)')\n",

+      "ylabel('Volts(V)')\n",

+      "show()\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"\\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)the  capacitor  voltage  at  a  time  equal  to  one  time  constant  =  \",round(Vctou,2),\"  V\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)the  time  for  the  capacitor  voltage  to  reach  one  half  of  its  steady  state  value  =  \",round(t0,5),\" secs\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "metadata": {},

+       "output_type": "display_data",

+       "png": 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sVLcHcHRbC1Vl3Hsv7L+/gSBp/VoKhaOBo4AzCEtc75Acf4cwoe02IF/O4lRaN90E3/hG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\nD8/iLwbt6hd+AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

+       "text": [

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x34660b8>"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)the  capacitor  voltage  at  a  time  equal  to  one  time  constant  =   75.85   V\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)the  time  for  the  capacitor  voltage  to  reach  one  half  of  its  steady  state  value  =   0.48867  secs\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 1

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 2, page no. 263</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#from pylab import *\n",

+      "%pylab inline\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "C  =  4E-6;#  in  Farads\n",

+      "R  =  220000;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  24;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "t1  =  1.5;#  in  secs\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "tou  =  R*C\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "\n",

+      "t=[]\n",

+      "Vc=[]\n",

+      "for h in range(50):\n",

+      "    t.append((h-1)/10)\n",

+      "    k=(h-1)/10\n",

+      "    Vc.append(V*math.e**(-1*k/tou))\n",

+      "#plt.figsize(10,8)\n",

+      "fig  = plt.figure()\n",

+      "#canvas = fc(fig)\n",

+      "ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",

+      "ax.plot(t,Vc,'-')\n",

+      "#plot(t,Vc,'-')\n",

+      "xlabel('time(sec)')\n",

+      "ylabel('P.D across Capacitor(V)')\n",

+      "show()\n",

+      "\n",

+      "t=[]\n",

+      "VR=[]\n",

+      "for h in range(50):\n",

+      "    t.append((h-1)/10)\n",

+      "    k=(h-1)/10\n",

+      "    VR.append(V*(1 - math.e**(-1*k/tou)))\n",

+      "fig  = plt.figure()\n",

+      "#canvas = fc(fig)\n",

+      "ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",

+      "ax.plot(t,VR,'-')\n",

+      "#plot(t,VR,'-*')\n",

+      "xlabel('time(sec)')\n",

+      "ylabel('P.D across Resistor(V)')\n",

+      "show()\n",

+      "\n",

+      "t=[]\n",

+      "i=[]\n",

+      "for h in range(50):\n",

+      "    t.append((h-1)/10)\n",

+      "    k=(h-1)/10\n",

+      "    i.append(I*math.e**(-1*k/tou))\n",

+      "fig  = plt.figure()\n",

+      "#canvas = fc(fig)\n",

+      "ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)\n",

+      "ax.plot(t,i,'-')\n",

+      "#plot(t,i,'*-')\n",

+      "xlabel('time(sec)')\n",

+      "ylabel('current(A)')\n",

+      "show()\n",

+      "\n",

+      "Vct1  =  V*math.e**(-1*t1/tou)\n",

+      "VRt1  =  V*math.e**(-1*t1/tou)\n",

+      "it1   =  I*math.e**(-1*t1/tou)\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"\\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  the  value  of  capacitor  voltage  is  \",round(Vct1,1),\"  V,  resistor  voltage  is  \",round(VRt1,1),\"  V,\"\n",

+      "print  \"current  is  \",round(0.02,2),\"  mA  at  one  and  a  half  seconds  after  discharge  has  started.\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "metadata": {},

+       "output_type": "display_data",

+       "png": 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5mlr64lP27TOHdJ49C9Ommd1AIv5CLX3xO8HBZnfPc8/B4MHw6KPmmv0iYlLR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\nR/4/BVHYi+QDH9kAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",

+       "text": [

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x77c6e10>"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "metadata": {},

+       "output_type": "display_data",

+       "png": 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HRKxh2bCP3W6nffv2fPzxx1x//fXceOONLFq0iPDw8PPhvHzYp21bWLoUYmOt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\nD/p/wQuHfYdHfM4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",

+       "text": [

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7b9e4a8>"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "metadata": {},

+       "output_type": "display_data",

+       "png": 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1NbVBmbS0NCQkJAAAoqKiUFFRgdLS0hbr1q+TkJCA3bt3AwBSU1Mxa9Ys+Pr6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\nqer/AUdcZmZ6XUFsAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

+       "text": [

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7bac898>"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  the  value  of  capacitor  voltage  is   4.4   V,  resistor  voltage  is   4.4   V,\n",

+        "current  is   0.02   mA  at  one  and  a  half  seconds  after  discharge  has  started.\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 8

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 3, page no. 265</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "C  =  20E-6;#  in  Farads\n",

+      "R  =  50000;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  20;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "t1  =  1;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t2  =  2;#  in  secs\n",

+      "VRt  =  15;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "tou  =  R*C\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "Vct1  =  V*(1-math.e**(-1*t2/tou))\n",

+      "t3  =  -1*tou*math.log(VRt/V)\n",

+      "it1  =  I*math.e**(-1*t1/tou)\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"\\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)initial  value  of  the  current  flowing  is  \",round(I*1000,1),\"mA\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)time  constant  of  the  circuit  \",round(tou,2),\"  Sec\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (c)the  value  of  the  current  one  second  after  connection,  \",round((it1/1E-3),3),\"  mA\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (d)the  value  of  the  capacitor  voltage  two  seconds  after  connection  \",round(Vct1,1),\"  V\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (e)the  time  after  connection  when  the  resistor  voltage  is  15  V  is  \",round(t3,3),\"  sec\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)initial  value  of  the  current  flowing  is   0.4 mA\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)time  constant  of  the  circuit   1.0   Sec\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (c)the  value  of  the  current  one  second  after  connection,   0.147   mA\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (d)the  value  of  the  capacitor  voltage  two  seconds  after  connection   17.3   V\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (e)the  time  after  connection  when  the  resistor  voltage  is  15  V  is   0.288   sec\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 9

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 17.4, page no. 266</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "C  =  0.5E-6;#  in  Farads\n",

+      "V  =  10;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "tou  =  0.012;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t1  =  0.007;#  in  secs\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "R  =  tou/C\n",

+      "Vc  =  V*(1-math.e**(-1*t1/tou))\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"\\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)value  of  the  resistor  is  \",R,\"  ohm\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)capacitor  voltage  is  \",round(Vc,2),\"  V\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)value  of  the  resistor  is   24000.0   ohm\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)capacitor  voltage  is   4.42   V\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 10

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 5, page no. 267</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "R  =  50000;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  100;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "Vc1  =  20;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "tou  =  0.8;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t1  =  0.5;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t2  =  1;#  in  secs\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "C  =  tou/R\n",

+      "t  =  -1*tou*math.log(Vc1/V)\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "it1  =  I*math.e**(-1*t1/tou)\n",

+      "Vc  =  V*math.e**(-1*t2/tou)\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"\\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)the  value  of  the  capacitor  is  \",round((C/1E-6),2),\"uF\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)the  time  for  the  capacitor  voltage  to  fall  to  20  V  is  \",round(t,2),\"  sec\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (c)the  current  flowing  when  the  capacitor  has  been  discharging  for  0.5  s  is  \",round(it1*1000,2),\"mA\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (d)voltage  drop  across  resistor  when  the  capacitor  has  been  discharging  for  one  second  is  \",round(Vc,1),\"  V\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)the  value  of  the  capacitor  is   16.0 uF\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)the  time  for  the  capacitor  voltage  to  fall  to  20  V  is   1.29   sec\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (c)the  current  flowing  when  the  capacitor  has  been  discharging  for  0.5  s  is   1.07 mA\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (d)voltage  drop  across  resistor  when  the  capacitor  has  been  discharging  for  one  second  is   28.7   V\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 11

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 6 page no. 268</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "C  =  0.1E-6;#  in  Farads\n",

+      "R  =  4000;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  200;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "Vc1  =  2;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "tou  =  R*C\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "t  =  -1*tou*math.log(Vc1/V)\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \" \\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)  initial  discharge  current  is  \",round(I,2),\"  A\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)Time  constant  tou  is  \",round(tou,5),\"  sec\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (c)min.  time  required  for voltage  across capacitor  to  fall  to  less  than  2  V  is  \",round(t*1000,0),\"  msec\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        " \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)  initial  discharge  current  is   0.05   A\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)Time  constant  tou  is   0.0004   sec\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (c)min.  time  required  for voltage  across capacitor  to  fall  to  less  than  2  V  is   2.0   msec\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 12

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 7, page no. 270</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "from pylab import *\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "L  =  0.1;#  in  Henry\n",

+      "R  =  20;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  60;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "i2  =  1.5;#  in  Amperes\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "tou  =  L/R\n",

+      "t1  =  2*tou\n",

+      "\n",

+      "t=[]\n",

+      "i=[]\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "for h in range(250):\n",

+      "    t.append((h-1)/10000)\n",

+      "    k=(h-1)/10000\n",

+      "    i.append(I*(1  -  math.e**(-1*k/tou)))\n",

+      "plot(t,i,'-')\n",

+      "xlabel('time(sec)')\n",

+      "ylabel('current(A)')\n",

+      "show()\n",

+      "i1  =  I*(1  -  math.e**(-1*t1/tou))\n",

+      "t2  =  -1*tou*math.log(1  -  i2/I)\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \" \\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)  the  value  of  current  flowing  at  a  time  equal  to  two  time  constants  is  \",round(i1,2),\"  A\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)the  time  for  the  current  to  grow  to  1.5  A  is  \",round(t2,5),\"  sec\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "metadata": {},

+       "output_type": "display_data",

+       "png": 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Pnw/AhAkTGDZsGFlZWURHR9O6dWsWLlxoV7k+t2WLFSrx8XZXIiLSOFrLy08d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\nUYpOSazjAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

+       "text": [

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7b9d748>"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        " \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)  the  value  of  current  flowing  at  a  time  equal  to  two  time  constants  is   2.59   A\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)the  time  for  the  current  to  grow  to  1.5  A  is   0.00347   sec\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 13

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 8, page no. 271</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "L  =  0.04;#  in  Henry\n",

+      "R  =  10;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  120;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "tou  =  L/R\n",

+      "t1  =  tou\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "i1  =  I*(1  -  math.e**(-1*t1/tou))\n",

+      "i2  =  0.01*I\n",

+      "t2  =  -1*tou*(-5)\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"\\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)  the  final  value  of  current  is  \",round(I,2),\"  A\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)time  constant  of  the  circuit  is  \",round(tou*1000,2),\"msec\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (c)  value  of  current  after  a  time  equal  to  the  time  constant  is  \",round(i1,2),\"  A\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (d)expected  time  for  current  to  rise  to  within  0.01  times  of  its  final  value  is  \",round(t2*1000,2),\"msec\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)  the  final  value  of  current  is   12.0   A\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)time  constant  of  the  circuit  is   4.0 msec\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (c)  value  of  current  after  a  time  equal  to  the  time  constant  is   7.59   A\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (d)expected  time  for  current  to  rise  to  within  0.01  times  of  its  final  value  is   20.0 msec\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 14

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 9, page no. 271</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "L  =  3;#  in  Henry\n",

+      "R  =  15;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  120;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "t1  =  0.1;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t3  =  0.3;#  in  secs\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "tou  =  L/R\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "i2  =  0.85*I;#  in  amperes\n",

+      "VL  =  V*math.e**(-1*t1/tou)\n",

+      "t2  =  -1*tou*math.log(1  -  (i2/I))\n",

+      "i3  =  I*(1  -  math.e**(-1*t3/tou))\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"\\n\\n  Results  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)  steady  state  value  of  current  is  \",round(I,2),\"  A\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)time  constant  of  the  circuit  is  \",round(tou,2),\"  sec\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (c)value  of  the  induced  e.m.f.  after  0.1  s  is  \",round(VL,2),\"  V\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (d)  time  for  the  current  to  rise  to  0.85  times  of  its  final  values  is  \",round(t2,2),\"  A\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (e)value  of  the  current  after  0.3  s  is  \",round(i3,2),\"  A\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Results  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)  steady  state  value  of  current  is   8.0   A\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)time  constant  of  the  circuit  is   0.2   sec\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (c)value  of  the  induced  e.m.f.  after  0.1  s  is   72.78   V\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (d)  time  for  the  current  to  rise  to  0.85  times  of  its  final  values  is   0.38   A\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (e)value  of  the  current  after  0.3  s  is   6.21   A\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 15

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 10, page no. 273</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "from pylab import *\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "R  =  15;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  110;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "tou  =  2;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t1  = 3;#  in  secs\n",

+      "i2  = 5;#  in  amperes\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "L  =  tou*R\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "\n",

+      "t=[]\n",

+      "i=[]\n",

+      "for h in range(100):\n",

+      "    t.append((h-1)/10)\n",

+      "    k=(h-1)/10\n",

+      "    i.append(I*math.e**(-1*k/tou))\n",

+      "plot(t,i,'-')\n",

+      "xlabel('time(sec)')\n",

+      "ylabel('current(A)')\n",

+      "show()\n",

+      "i1  =  I*(math.e**(-1*t1/tou))\n",

+      "t2  =  -1*tou*log((i2/I))\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \" \\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)the  current  flowing  in  the  winding  3  s  after  being  shorted-out  is  \",round(i1,2),\"  A\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)the  time  for  the  current  to  decay  to  5  A  is  \",round(t2,2),\"  sec\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "metadata": {},

+       "output_type": "display_data",

+       "png": 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+       "text": [

+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x77abf28>"

+       ]

+      },

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        " \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)the  current  flowing  in  the  winding  3  s  after  being  shorted-out  is   1.64   A\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)the  time  for  the  current  to  decay  to  5  A  is   0.77   sec\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 16

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 11, page no. 273</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "L  =  6;#  in  Henry\n",

+      "r  =  10;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  120;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "tou  =  0.3;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t1  =  1;#  in  secs\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "R  =  (L/tou)  -  r\n",

+      "Rt  =  R  +  r\n",

+      "I  =  V/Rt\n",

+      "i2  =  0.1*I\n",

+      "i1  =  I*(math.e**(-1*t1/tou))\n",

+      "t2  =  -1*tou*math.log((i2/I))\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"  \\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)  resistance  of  the  coil  is  \",round(R,2),\"  ohm\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)  current  flowing  in  circuit  one  second  after  the  shorting  link  has  been  placed  is  \",round(i1,2),\"  A\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (c)the  time  for  the  current  to  decay  to  0.1  times  of  initial  value  is  \",round(t2,2),\"  sec\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)  resistance  of  the  coil  is   10.0   ohm\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)  current  flowing  in  circuit  one  second  after  the  shorting  link  has  been  placed  is   0.21   A\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (c)the  time  for  the  current  to  decay  to  0.1  times  of  initial  value  is   0.69   sec\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 17

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "markdown",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "<h3>Example 12, page no. 274</h3>"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "\n",

+      "from __future__ import division\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#initializing  the  variables:\n",

+      "L  =  0.2;#  in  Henry\n",

+      "R  =  1000;#  in  ohms\n",

+      "V  =  24;#  in  Volts\n",

+      "t1  =  1*L/R;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t2  =  2*L/R;#  in  secs\n",

+      "t3  =  3*L/R;#  in  secs\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#calculation:\n",

+      "tou  =  L/R\n",

+      "I  =  V/R\n",

+      "i1  =  I*(1  -  math.e**(-1*t1/tou))\n",

+      "VL  =  V*(math.e**(-1*t2/tou))\n",

+      "VR  =  V*(1  -  math.e**(-1*t3/tou))\n",

+      "\n",

+      "\n",

+      "#Results\n",

+      "print  \"\\n\\n  Result  \\n\\n\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  time  constant  of  circuit  is  \",round(tou*1000,6),\"msec, and steady-state  value  of current  is  \",round(I*1000,2),\"mA\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (a)  urrent  flowing  in  the  circuit  at  a  time  equal  to  one  time  constant  is  \",round(i1*1000,2),\"mA\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (b)  voltage  drop  across  the  inductor  at  a  time  equal  to  two  time  constants  is  \",round(VL,3),\"  V\"\n",

+      "print  \"\\n  (c)the  voltage  drop  across  the  resistor  after  a  time  equal  to  three  time  constants  is  \",round(VR,2),\"  V\""

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Result  \n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  time  constant  of  circuit  is   0.2 msec, and steady-state  value  of current  is   24.0 mA\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (a)  urrent  flowing  in  the  circuit  at  a  time  equal  to  one  time  constant  is   15.17 mA\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (b)  voltage  drop  across  the  inductor  at  a  time  equal  to  two  time  constants  is   3.248   V\n",

+        "\n",

+        "  (c)the  voltage  drop  across  the  resistor  after  a  time  equal  to  three  time  constants  is   22.81   V\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 18

+    }

+   ],

+   "metadata": {}

+  }

+ ]

+}
\ No newline at end of file