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+{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:b2ee1c3d3e88f5241245b2aaba0096c6b15a6abe1de87d5ab25de8744d1af1f8"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 8 : Physical Equilibria Among Phases"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.1 page : 293"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "def func(C,phi):\n",
+ " return C+2-phi\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations and results\n",
+ "print (\"part a\")\n",
+ "print \"degrees of freedom = %d \"%(func(2,2))\n",
+ "print (\"part b\")\n",
+ "print \"degrees of freedom = %d \"%(func(3,2))\n",
+ "print (\"part c\")\n",
+ "print \"degrees of freedom = %d \"%(func(3,3))\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "part a\n",
+ "degrees of freedom = 2 \n",
+ "part b\n",
+ "degrees of freedom = 3 \n",
+ "part c\n",
+ "degrees of freedom = 2 \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.2 page : 297"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "T = 95. \t\t\t#C\n",
+ "P = 1013. \t\t\t#kPa\n",
+ "Tc = 135. \t\t\t#C\n",
+ "Pc = 3648. \t\t\t#kPa\n",
+ "T0 = 273.1 \t\t\t#C\n",
+ "D = 0.3\n",
+ "P0 = 1800. \t\t\t#kPa\n",
+ "D2 = 0.42\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "Zc = 0.283\n",
+ "Tr = (T+T0)/(Tc+T0)\n",
+ "Pr = P/Pc\n",
+ "phic = 0.88\n",
+ "phi2 = phic*10**(D*0.013)\n",
+ "Prd = P0/Pc\n",
+ "phi3 = 0.78\n",
+ "phi4 = phi3*10**(D2*0.013)\n",
+ "gl = phi2*P/(phi3*P0)\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Results\n",
+ "print \"equation is gl = %.3f *y/x\"%(gl)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "equation is gl = 0.641 *y/x\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.3 page :300"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math \n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "ye = 0.434\n",
+ "Pt = 40.25 \t\t\t#kPa\n",
+ "xe = 0.616\n",
+ "Pe1 = 22.9 \t\t\t#kPa\n",
+ "Pe2 = 29.6 \t\t\t#kPa\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "ge = ye*Pt/(xe*Pe1)\n",
+ "gb = (1-ye)*Pt/((1-xe)*Pe2)\n",
+ "E = math.log10(ge) *(1+ (1-xe)*math.log(gb) /(xe*math.log(ge)))**2\n",
+ "B = math.log10(gb) *(1+ xe/(1-xe) *math.log(ge) /math.log(gb))**2\n",
+ "xe2 = 0.4\n",
+ "xb2 = 0.6\n",
+ "lnge2 = E/(1+ E*xe2/(B*xb2))**2\n",
+ "lngb2 = B/(1+ B*xb2/(E*xe2))**2\n",
+ "ge2 = 10**(lnge2)\n",
+ "gb2 = 10**(lngb2)\n",
+ "Pt1 = ge2*Pe1\n",
+ "Pt2 = gb2*Pe2\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Results\n",
+ "print \"Total pressure in case 1 = %.2f kPa and in case 2 = %.2f kPa\"%(Pt1, Pt2 )\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Total pressure in case 1 = 40.78 kPa and in case 2 = 40.93 kPa\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.4 page : 310"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "from numpy.linalg import solve\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "k4 = 1.8\n",
+ "k5 = 0.8\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "A = [[k4, k5],[1, 1]]\n",
+ "b = [[1],[1]]\n",
+ "C = solve(A,b)\n",
+ "x4 = C[0]\n",
+ "x5 = C[1]\n",
+ "y4 = k4*x4\n",
+ "y5 = k5*x5\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Results\n",
+ "print \"Vapor and liquid mole fractions of component 1 = %.2f and %.2f respectively\"%(y4,x4)\n",
+ "print \" Vapor and liquid mole fractions of component 2 = %.2f and %.2f respectively\"%(y5,x5)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Vapor and liquid mole fractions of component 1 = 0.36 and 0.20 respectively\n",
+ " Vapor and liquid mole fractions of component 2 = 0.64 and 0.80 respectively\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.5 page : 312"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math \n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "v1 = 81. \t\t\t#cm**3/gmol\n",
+ "v2 = 97. \t\t\t#cm**3/gmol\n",
+ "d1 = 9.2 \t\t\t#(cal/cm**3)**0.5\n",
+ "d2 = 8.6 \t\t\t#(cal/cm**3)**0.5\n",
+ "R = 1.987\n",
+ "T = 373.1 \t\t\t#K\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "d = 0.5*(d1+d2)\n",
+ "lng1 = v1*(d1-d)**2 /(R*T)\n",
+ "lng2 = v2*(d2-d)**2 /(R*T)\n",
+ "g1 = math.exp(lng1)\n",
+ "g2 = math.exp(lng2)\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Results\n",
+ "print \"Activity coeffecients of components are %.3f and %.3f respectively\"%(g1,g2)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Activity coeffecients of components are 1.010 and 1.012 respectively\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.6 page : 319"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "xe = 0.3\n",
+ "xe2 = 0.9\n",
+ "Pe0 = 810.\n",
+ "Pa0 = 470.\n",
+ "ge = 1.85\n",
+ "ge2 = 1.05\n",
+ "ga = 1.15\n",
+ "ga2 = 3.\n",
+ "Pt = 820. \t\t\t#mm\n",
+ "Pt2 = 900. \t\t\t#mm\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "ye = ge*xe*Pe0/Pt\n",
+ "ya = ga*(1-xe)*Pa0/Pt\n",
+ "yt = ye+ya\n",
+ "ye2 = ye/yt\n",
+ "ya2 = ya/yt\n",
+ "ye3 = ge2*xe2*Pe0/Pt2\n",
+ "ya3 = ga2*(1-xe2)*Pa0/Pt2\n",
+ "yt2 = ye+ya\n",
+ "ye4 = ye3/yt2\n",
+ "ya4 = ya3/yt2\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Results\n",
+ "print \"In case 1, ye = %.3f and ya = %.3f\"%(ye2,ya2)\n",
+ "print \" In case 1, ye = %.3f and ya = %.3f\"%(ye4,ya4)\n",
+ "print ('The calculations of ya in case 1 in textbook is wrong. please use a calculator')\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "In case 1, ye = 0.543 and ya = 0.457\n",
+ " In case 1, ye = 0.842 and ya = 0.155\n",
+ "The calculations of ya in case 1 in textbook is wrong. please use a calculator\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.7 page : 326"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "m1 = 121.\n",
+ "m2 = 18.\n",
+ "p1 = 0.0042\n",
+ "p2 = 0.0858\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "massfrac = (p1*m1)/(p1*m1+p2*m2)\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Results\n",
+ "print \"mass fractions of DMA and water are %.3f and %.3f respectively\"%(massfrac,1-massfrac)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "mass fractions of DMA and water are 0.248 and 0.752 respectively\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.9 page : 335"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "from numpy import array\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "FR = 25.\n",
+ "FE = 19.\n",
+ "bf = 130. \t\t\t#kg\n",
+ "af = 85. \t\t\t#kg\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "law = FR/FE\n",
+ "x1 = 45./150\n",
+ "x2 = 65./150\n",
+ "ER = 18.5/6\n",
+ "e = array([0.5, 0.1, 0.9])\n",
+ "r = array([0.28, 0.96, 0.04])\n",
+ "et = sum(e)\n",
+ "rt = sum(r)\n",
+ "ett = e/et\n",
+ "rtt = r/rt\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Results\n",
+ "print \"the compositions of raffinate are \",\n",
+ "print (rtt)\n",
+ "print \"the compositions of extract are\",\n",
+ "print (ett)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "the compositions of raffinate are [ 0.21875 0.75 0.03125]\n",
+ "the compositions of extract are [ 0.33333333 0.06666667 0.6 ]\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.10 page : 342"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "v1 = 0.1316\n",
+ "v2 = 0.2941\n",
+ "x1 = 0.5\n",
+ "x2 = 0.2\n",
+ "x3 = 0.8 \n",
+ "d1 = 14.87\n",
+ "d2 = 16.34\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations and results\n",
+ "vm = x1*(v1+v2)\n",
+ "phi1 = x1*v1/vm\n",
+ "phi2 = (1-x1)*v2/vm\n",
+ "Hl1 = vm*phi1*phi2*(d1-d2)**2 *10**3\n",
+ "print (\"case 1\")\n",
+ "print \"enthalpy = %.1f kJ/mol\"%(Hl1)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "case 1\n",
+ "enthalpy = 98.2 kJ/mol\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.10b page : 343"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math \n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "v1 = 0.1316\n",
+ "v2 = 0.2941\n",
+ "x1 = 0.5\n",
+ "x2 = 0.2\n",
+ "x3 = 0.8 \n",
+ "d1 = 14.87\n",
+ "d2 = 16.34\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations and results\n",
+ "vm = (1-x2)*v1+x2*v2\n",
+ "phi1 = (1-x2)*v1/vm\n",
+ "phi2 = (x2)*v2/vm\n",
+ "Hl2 = vm*phi1*phi2*(d1-d2)**2 *10**3\n",
+ "print (\"case 2\")\n",
+ "print \"enthalpy = %.1f kJ/mol\"%(Hl2)\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "case 2\n",
+ "enthalpy = 81.5 kJ/mol\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.10c page : 343"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math \n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "v1 = 0.1316\n",
+ "v2 = 0.2941\n",
+ "x1 = 0.5\n",
+ "x2 = 0.2\n",
+ "x3 = 0.8 \n",
+ "d1 = 14.87\n",
+ "d2 = 16.34\n",
+ "\t\t\t\n",
+ "# Calculations and results\n",
+ "vm = (1-x3)*v1+x3*v2\n",
+ "phi1 = (1-x3)*v1/vm\n",
+ "phi2 = (x3)*v2/vm\n",
+ "Hl3 = vm*phi1*phi2*(d1-d2)**2 *10**3\n",
+ "print (\"case 3\")\n",
+ "print \"enthalpy = %.1f kJ/mol\"%(Hl3)\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "case 3\n",
+ "enthalpy = 51.2 kJ/mol\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+} \ No newline at end of file
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-22 09:24:54 +0000