diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics/ch7.ipynb')
| -rwxr-xr-x | Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics/ch7.ipynb | 255 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 255 deletions
diff --git a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics/ch7.ipynb b/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics/ch7.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 879f7b43..00000000 --- a/Chemical_Engineering_Thermodynamics/ch7.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,255 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chapter 7 : Thermodynamic property relations" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 3, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 7.10 Page No : 259" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math \n", - "\n", - "# Variables\n", - "T2 = 150. \t\t\t #temperature at which water it is desired to boil water in degree celsius\n", - "P1 = 0.10133\t\t\t #ambient pressure in MPa\n", - "T1 = 100.\t \t\t #temperature at which water boils corresponding at pressure P1 in degree celsius\n", - "del_hv = 2256.94\t\t #enthalpy of vaporization in kJ/kg\n", - "R = 8.314;\t\t \t #universal gas constant in J/molK\n", - "M = 18*10**-3;\t\t\t #molar mass of water in kg/mol\n", - "\n", - "# Calculations\n", - "T1 = T1+273.15\n", - "T2 = T2+273.15\n", - "P2 = P1*(math.exp(((del_hv*10**3*M)*((1./T1)-(1./T2)))/(R)))\n", - "\n", - "# Results\n", - "print \" The approximate pressure at which the boiler is to be operated = %0.3f MPa\"%(P2);\n", - "\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - " The approximate pressure at which the boiler is to be operated = 0.476 MPa\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 1 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 3, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 7.11 Page No : 259" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "# Variables\n", - "m = 60. \t\t\t #mass of the person who wants to skate in kg\n", - "T = -2.\t\t\t #temperature of the ice in degree celsius\n", - "A = 15.\t\t\t #area of contact between the skate edges and ice in mm**2\n", - "vs = 1.091*10**-3;\t\t\t #specific volume of ice in m**3/kg (at Tref)\n", - "vf = 1.0*10**-3;\t\t\t #specific volume of water in m**3/kg (at Tref)\n", - "del_hf = 6.002;\t\t \t #enthalpy of melting of ice in kJ/mol\n", - "g = 9.81;\t\t\t #accleration due to gravity in m/s**2\n", - "Tref = 0. \t\t\t #reference temperature at which the specific enthalpy of ice and water are taken in degree celsius\n", - "\n", - "# Calculations\n", - "Tref = Tref+273.15\n", - "del_P = ((m*g)/(A*10**-6))*10**-6\n", - "del_v = (vf-vs)*(18*10**-3);\t\n", - "del_T = (del_P*10**6)/((del_hf*10**3)/(Tref*del_v));\t\t\t \n", - "\n", - "# Results\n", - "print \" The temperature of ice originally = %d degree celsius \"%(T);\n", - "print \" The reduction in melting point of ice due to the additional pressure,computed using the Clayperon equation = %0.2f degree celsius \"%(del_T);\n", - "if del_T<T :\n", - " print \" The ice can melt due to the additional pressure and therefore it will be possible to skate \"\n", - "else:\n", - " print \" The ice will not melt and therefore it will be difficult to skate \"\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - " The temperature of ice originally = -2 degree celsius \n", - " The reduction in melting point of ice due to the additional pressure,computed using the Clayperon equation = -2.93 degree celsius \n", - " The ice can melt due to the additional pressure and therefore it will be possible to skate \n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 3 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 3, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 7.12 Page No : 261" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "# Variables\n", - "T1 = 100.\t \t\t #temperature of water in degree celsius\n", - "del_hv1 = 2256.94;\t\t\t #enthalpy of vaporization at T1 in kJ/kg\n", - "T2 = 150. \t\t\t #temperature at which the enthalpy of vaporization is to be determined in degree celsius\n", - "Cp_f = 4.26\t \t\t #isobaric heat capacity of liquid in kJ/kgK\n", - "Cp_g = 1.388\t\t\t #isobaric heat capacity of vapour in kJ/kgK\n", - "\n", - "# Calculations\n", - "del_hv2 = ((Cp_g-Cp_f)*(T2-T1))+del_hv1\n", - "\n", - "# Results\n", - "print \" The enthalpy of vaporization at 150 degree celsius = %0.2f kJ/kg\"%(del_hv2);\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - " The enthalpy of vaporization at 150 degree celsius = 2113.34 kJ/kg\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 4 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 3, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 7.13 Page No : 261" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "# Variables\n", - "T1 = 100. \t\t\t #temperature of water in degree celsius\n", - "del_hv1 = 2256.94 \t\t\t #enthalpy of vaporization at T1 in kJ/kg\n", - "T2 = 150. \t\t \t #temperature at which the enthalpy of vaporization is to be determined in degree celsius\n", - "del_hv_kirchoff = 2113.34\t\t\t #enthalpy of vaporization predicted by the Kirchhoff relation taken from Example 7.12 for comparison, in kJ/kg\n", - "del_hv_steam_tables = 2113.25\t\t\t #enthalpy of vaporization taken from the steam tables corresponding to T2,for comparison, in kJ/kg\n", - "Tc = 647.3 \t\t\t #critical temperature of water in K\n", - "\n", - "# Calculations\n", - "T1 = T1+273.15\n", - "T2 = T2+273.15\n", - "Tr1 = T1/Tc\n", - "Tr2 = T2/Tc\n", - "del_hv2 = del_hv1*(((1-Tr2)/(1-Tr1))**0.38)\n", - "\n", - "# Results\n", - "print \" The enthalpy of vaporization at 150 degree celsius using \";\n", - "print \" Watson correlation \\t = %f kJ/kg\"%(del_hv2);\n", - "print \" Kirchhoffs relation \\t = %f kJ/kg\"%(del_hv_kirchoff);\n", - "print \" From steam tables \\t = %f kJ/kg\"%(del_hv_steam_tables);\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - " The enthalpy of vaporization at 150 degree celsius using \n", - " Watson correlation \t = 2090.687877 kJ/kg\n", - " Kirchhoffs relation \t = 2113.340000 kJ/kg\n", - " From steam tables \t = 2113.250000 kJ/kg\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 6 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 3, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 7.14 Page No : 262" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "import math\n", - "# Variables\n", - "T = 373.15 \t\t\t #normal boiling point of water in K (temperature at which the enthalpy of vaporization is to be determined)\n", - "Pc = 221.2\t \t\t #critical pressure of water in bar\n", - "Tc = 647.3\t\t \t #critical temperature of water in K\n", - "R = 8.314\t\t\t #universal gas constant in J/molK\n", - "del_hvn_steam_tables = 2256.94\t\t\t #enthalpy of vaporization at the normal boiling point taken from the steam tables, for comparison, in kJ/kg\n", - "\n", - "# Calculations\n", - "Tbr = T/Tc\t\t\t\n", - "del_hvn = ((1.093*R*Tc*(Tbr*((math.log(Pc)-1.013)/(0.930-Tbr))))*10**-3)/(18*10**-3);\n", - "err = abs((del_hvn-del_hvn_steam_tables)/del_hvn_steam_tables)*100\n", - "\n", - "# Results\n", - "print \" The enthalpy of vaporization at the normal boiling point \";\n", - "print \" Using Riedels correlation \\t = %f kJ/kg\"%(del_hvn);\n", - "print \" From the steam tables \\t \\t = %f kJ/kg\"%(del_hvn_steam_tables);\n", - "print \" Error \\t \\t \\t \\t = %f %% \"%(err);\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - " The enthalpy of vaporization at the normal boiling point \n", - " Using Riedels correlation \t = 2337.179008 kJ/kg\n", - " From the steam tables \t \t = 2256.940000 kJ/kg\n", - " Error \t \t \t \t = 3.555212 % \n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 7 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
\ No newline at end of file |