summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5_KWgo7p8.ipynb
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5_KWgo7p8.ipynb')
-rw-r--r--Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5_KWgo7p8.ipynb569
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 569 deletions
diff --git a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5_KWgo7p8.ipynb b/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5_KWgo7p8.ipynb
deleted file mode 100644
index cf59e53f..00000000
--- a/Applied_Physics_by_S._Mani_Naidu/Chapter5_KWgo7p8.ipynb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,569 +0,0 @@
-{
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "# 5: Electron Theory of Metals"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 1, Page number 5-27"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 3,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "temperature is 1259.93 K\n",
- "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "E_EF=0.5; #fermi energy(eV)\n",
- "FE=1/100; #probability\n",
- "Kb=1.381*10**-23; #boltzmann constant(J/k)\n",
- "x=6.24*10**18; \n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "KB=Kb*x;\n",
- "y=E_EF/KB;\n",
- "T=y/math.log(1/FE); #temperature(K)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"temperature is\",round(T,2),\"K\"\n",
- "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 2, Page number 5-28"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 4,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "total number of free electrons is 8.3954 *10**28 electrons/m**3\n",
- "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "e=1.602*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "m=9.11*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
- "h=6.63*10**-34; #plancks constant(Js)\n",
- "Ef=7*e; #fermi energy(J)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "x=Ef*8*m/h**2;\n",
- "n23=x/((3/math.pi)**(2/3));\n",
- "n=n23**(3/2); #total number of free electrons(electrons/m**3)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"total number of free electrons is\",round(n/10**28,4),\"*10**28 electrons/m**3\"\n",
- "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 3, Page number 5-28"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 8,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "relaxation time is 39.742 *10**-15 s\n",
- "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "rho=1.54*10**-8; #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
- "n=5.8*10**28; #number of electrons\n",
- "e=1.602*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "m=9.11*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "tow=m/(n*e**2*rho); #relaxation time(s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"relaxation time is\",round(tow*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 s\"\n",
- "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 4, Page number 5-29"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 10,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "relaxation time is 3.82 *10**-14 s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "rho=1.43*10**-8; #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
- "n=6.5*10**28; #number of electrons\n",
- "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "tow=m/(n*e**2*rho); #relaxation time(s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"relaxation time is\",round(tow*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 s\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 5, Page number 5-29"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 17,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "number of conduction electrons is 1.8088 *10**29 /m**3\n",
- "mobility is 0.00128 m**2/Vs\n",
- "drift velocity is 2.3 *10**-4 m/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "D=2.7*10**3; #density(kg/m**3)\n",
- "rho=2.7*10**-8; #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
- "w=26.98; #atomic weight\n",
- "Na=6.025*10**26; #avagadro number\n",
- "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "L=5; #length(m)\n",
- "R=0.06; #resistance(ohm)\n",
- "I=15; #current(A)\n",
- "n=3; #number of electrons\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "N=n*D*Na/w; #number of conduction electrons(/m**3)\n",
- "mew=1/(rho*N*e); #mobility(m**2/Vs)\n",
- "vd=I*R/(L*rho*N*e); #drift velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"number of conduction electrons is\",round(N/10**29,4),\"*10**29 /m**3\"\n",
- "print \"mobility is\",round(mew,5),\"m**2/Vs\"\n",
- "print \"drift velocity is\",round(vd*10**4,1),\"*10**-4 m/s\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 6, Page number 5-30"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 21,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "mobility is 0.00427 m**2/Vs\n",
- "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "D=8.92*10**3; #density(kg/m**3)\n",
- "rho=1.73*10**-8; #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
- "W=63.5; #atomic weight\n",
- "Na=6.02*10**26; #avagadro number\n",
- "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "n=D*Na/W;\n",
- "mew=1/(rho*n*e); #mobility(m**2/Vs)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"mobility is\",round(mew,5),\"m**2/Vs\"\n",
- "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 7, Page number 5-31"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 22,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "mobility is 0.00428 m**2/Vs\n",
- "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "D=8.95*10**3; #density(kg/m**3)\n",
- "rho=1.721*10**-8; #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
- "W=63.54; #atomic weight\n",
- "Na=6.025*10**26; #avagadro number\n",
- "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "n=D*Na/W;\n",
- "mew=1/(rho*n*e); #mobility(m**2/Vs)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"mobility is\",round(mew,5),\"m**2/Vs\"\n",
- "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 8, Page number 5-31"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 25,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "relaxation time is 3.64 *10**-14 s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "rho=1.50*10**-8; #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
- "n=6.5*10**28; #conduction electrons(per m**3)\n",
- "e=1.602*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "m=9.11*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "tow=m/(n*e**2*rho); #relaxation time(sec)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"relaxation time is\",round(tow*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 s\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 9, Page number 5-32"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 30,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "relaxation time is 3.97 *10**-14 s\n",
- "drift velocity is 0.7 m/s\n",
- "mobility is 0.7 *10**-2 m**2/Vs\n",
- "thermal velocity is 1.17 *10**5 m/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "m=9.11*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
- "rho=1.54*10**-8; #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
- "e=1.602*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "E=10**2; #electric field(V/m)\n",
- "n=5.8*10**28; #number of electrons\n",
- "Kb=1.381*10**-23; #boltzmann constant\n",
- "T=300; #temperature(K)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "tow=m/(n*e**2*rho); #relaxation time(s)\n",
- "vd=e*E*tow/m; #drift velocity(m/s)\n",
- "mew=vd/E; #mobility(m**2/Vs)\n",
- "Vth=math.sqrt(3*Kb*T/m); #thermal velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"relaxation time is\",round(tow*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 s\"\n",
- "print \"drift velocity is\",round(vd,1),\"m/s\"\n",
- "print \"mobility is\",round(mew*10**2,1),\"*10**-2 m**2/Vs\"\n",
- "print \"thermal velocity is\",round(Vth/10**5,2),\"*10**5 m/s\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 10, Page number 5-32"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 32,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "fermi velocity is 1.39 *10**6 m/s\n",
- "mean free path is 5.52 *10**-8 m\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "m=9.11*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
- "e=1.602*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "E=5.5; #fermi energy(V/m)\n",
- "tow=3.97*10**-14; #relaxation time(s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "Vf=math.sqrt(2*E*e/m); #fermi velocity(m/s)\n",
- "lamda=Vf*tow; #mean free path(m)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"fermi velocity is\",round(Vf/10**6,2),\"*10**6 m/s\"\n",
- "print \"mean free path is\",round(lamda*10**8,2),\"*10**-8 m\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 11, Page number 5-33"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 2,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "electronic concentration is 5.863 *10**28 per m**3\n",
- "fermi energy is 8.83 *10**-19 J\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "n=1; #number of electrons\n",
- "NA=6.025*10**26; #avagadro number\n",
- "D=10500; #density(kg/m**3)\n",
- "M=107.9; #atomic weight(kg)\n",
- "m=9.11*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
- "h=6.63*10**-34; #plancks constant(Js)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "n=n*NA*D/M; #electronic concentration(per m**3)\n",
- "x=(3*n/math.pi)**(2/3);\n",
- "Ef=h**2*x/(8*m); #fermi energy(J)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"electronic concentration is\",round(n/10**28,3),\"*10**28 per m**3\"\n",
- "print \"fermi energy is\",round(Ef*10**19,2),\"*10**-19 J\""
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "markdown",
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "## Example number 12, Page number 5-33"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": 4,
- "metadata": {
- "collapsed": false
- },
- "outputs": [
- {
- "name": "stdout",
- "output_type": "stream",
- "text": [
- "current density is 1 *10**7 amp/m**2\n",
- "drift velocity is 0.7391 *10**-3 m/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "source": [
- "#importing modules\n",
- "import math\n",
- "from __future__ import division\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "D=8.92*10**3; #density(kg/m**3)\n",
- "w=63.5; #atomic weight\n",
- "Na=6.02*10**26; #avagadro number\n",
- "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(c)\n",
- "I=100; #current(A)\n",
- "A=10*10**-6; #area(m**2)\n",
- "n=1;\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "J=I/A; #current density(amp/m**2)\n",
- "n=n*Na*D/w;\n",
- "vd=J/(n*e); #drift velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"current density is\",int(J/10**7),\"*10**7 amp/m**2\"\n",
- "print \"drift velocity is\",round(vd*10**3,4),\"*10**-3 m/s\""
- ]
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {
- "kernelspec": {
- "display_name": "Python 2",
- "language": "python",
- "name": "python2"
- },
- "language_info": {
- "codemirror_mode": {
- "name": "ipython",
- "version": 2
- },
- "file_extension": ".py",
- "mimetype": "text/x-python",
- "name": "python",
- "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
- "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
- "version": "2.7.11"
- }
- },
- "nbformat": 4,
- "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2025-03-12 15:44:43 +0000