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| -rw-r--r-- | Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch4.ipynb | 626 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch5.ipynb | 488 | ||||
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| -rw-r--r-- | Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch7.ipynb | 920 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch8.ipynb | 862 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch9.ipynb | 908 | ||||
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| -rw-r--r-- | Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/screenshots/ch4_eff_and_qua.png | bin | 0 -> 46035 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/screenshots/ch5_throatAreaAndVel.png | bin | 0 -> 73143 bytes |
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diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch1.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e4ea4f44 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,437 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:645f0312235dca513f2dc1a6a9e79defd41db0b001d5f5d700ed6a60e922990d" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ch -1 : Thermodynamic Cycles for Gas Engines" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 1.1 : Pg - 21" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t2=275 #k\n", + "t1=1100 #k\n", + "R = 0.287 # kJ/kgK\n", + "y = 1.4\n", + "qs = 250 # kJ/kgK\n", + "pa = 1.01325 # bar\n", + "th=393 #k\n", + "re=0.14\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "eff = 1-t2/t1\n", + "from sympy import symbols, solve, log\n", + "p1,pb = symbols('p1 pb')\n", + "expr = t1/t2-(p1/pa)**((y-1)/y)\n", + "p1 = float(solve(expr,p1)[0])\n", + "expr2 = qs-R*t1*log(pb/p1)\n", + "pb = float(solve(expr2,pb)[0])\n", + "va = R*t2/pa\n", + "vb = R*t1/pb\n", + "mep = qs*eff/(va-vb)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print \"Cycle efficiency = %0.2f \\nmean effective pressure = %0.3f bar\"%(eff, mep)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Cycle efficiency = 1.00 \n", + "mean effective pressure = 3.256 bar\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 1.2 : Pg - 22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initailisation variables\n", + "d=20 #cm\n", + "l=25 #cm\n", + "cv=1400 #cc\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "sv=(22/7*d**2*l)/4\n", + "tv=sv+cv\n", + "r=tv/cv\n", + "e=1-1/(r)**(g-1)\n", + "print 'otto efficiency is %.3f'%e" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "otto efficiency is 0.512\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 1.3 : Pg - 22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=305 #K\n", + "t3=1920 #K\n", + "r=7\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "p1=1 #bar\n", + "cv=0.718\n", + "R=0.287 #kj/kgk\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "print \"part(a): \"\n", + "t2=t1*r**(g-1)\n", + "p2=p1*r**(g)\n", + "print \"T2 = %0.f K\"%t2\n", + "print \"P2 = %0.1f bar\"%p2\n", + "p3=p2*(t3/t2)\n", + "print \"T3 = %0.f K\"%t3\n", + "print \"P3 = %0.1f bar\"%p3\n", + "t4=t3*1/r**(g-1)\n", + "p4=p3*(1/r)**(g)\n", + "print \"T4 = %0.f K\"%t4\n", + "print \"P4 = %0.2f bar\"%p4\n", + "print \"part(b) :\"\n", + "qs=cv*(t3-t2)\n", + "print \"Heat Supplied, qs = %0.1f kJ/kg/cycle\"%qs\n", + "qr1=cv*(t4-t1)\n", + "print \"part(c) :\"\n", + "print \"Heat rejected, qr = %0.1f kJ/kg/cycle\"%qr1\n", + "wo=qs-qr1\n", + "print \"part(d) : \"\n", + "print \"Work Output = %0.1f kJ/kg/cycle\"%wo\n", + "print \"part(e) : \"\n", + "ef=wo/qs\n", + "print \"Efficiency = %0.3f\"%ef\n", + "v1=R*t1/p1\n", + "v2=v1/r\n", + "sv=v1-v2\n", + "cl=v2/(v1-v2)\n", + "print \"part(f) : \\nclearance = %0.4f\"%cl\n", + "mep=wo/sv\n", + "print 'part(g) : \\nmean effective pressure is %0.3f bar'%mep" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "part(a): \n", + "T2 = 664 K\n", + "P2 = 15.2 bar\n", + "T3 = 1920 K\n", + "P3 = 44.1 bar\n", + "T4 = 882 K\n", + "P4 = 0.00 bar\n", + "part(b) :\n", + "Heat Supplied, qs = 901.6 kJ/kg/cycle\n", + "part(c) :\n", + "Heat rejected, qr = 414.0 kJ/kg/cycle\n", + "part(d) : \n", + "Work Output = 487.6 kJ/kg/cycle\n", + "part(e) : \n", + "Efficiency = 0.541\n", + "part(f) : \n", + "clearance = 0.1667\n", + "part(g) : \n", + "mean effective pressure is 6.499 bar\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 1.4 : Pg - 23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " \n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "r=14\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "x=1.78 #x=v3/v2\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "oef=1-(1/14)**(g-1)\n", + "Def=1-((1/(14)**(g)*1.4))*((x**(g) -1)/(x-1))\n", + "print 'otto efficiency is %0.3f'%oef" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "otto efficiency is 1.000\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 1.5 : Pg - 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#1.5\n", + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=300 #K\n", + "t3=1900 #K\n", + "r=15\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "p1=1 #bar \n", + "cp=1.005\n", + "cv=0.718\n", + "R=0.287 #kj/kgk\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2=t1*r**(g-1)\n", + "p2=p1*r**(g)\n", + "p3=p2\n", + "t4=t3*0.143**(g-1)\n", + "p4=p3*(0.143)**(g)\n", + "qs=cp*(t3-t2)\n", + "qr1=cv*(t4-t1)\n", + "wo=qs-qr1\n", + "ef=wo/qs\n", + "v1=R*t1/p1/1e2\n", + "v2=v1/r\n", + "sv=v1-v2\n", + "cl=v2/(v1-v2)\n", + "v3 = t3/t2*v2\n", + "cf = (v3-v2)/(v1-v2)\n", + "mep=wo/sv\n", + "print \"part(a) : \\nT2 = %0.f K\\nP2 = %0.1f bar\\nT4 = %0.f K\\nP4 = %0.2f bar\"%(t2,p2,t4,p4)\n", + "print \"part(b) : \\nHeat Supplied, qs = %0.2f\"%qs\n", + "print \"part(c) : \\nHeat rejected, qr = %0.2f kJ/kg/cycle\"%qr1\n", + "print \"part(d) : \\nNet work output = %0.2f kJ/kg/cycle\" %wo\n", + "print \"part(e) : \\nEfficiency = %0.4f \"%ef\n", + "print \"part(f) : \\nClearance = %0.5f\"%cl\n", + "print \"part(g) : \\nCut-off = %0.4f\"%cf\n", + "print 'part(h) : \\nmean effective pressure is %0.f kN/m^2'%mep" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "part(a) : \n", + "T2 = 886 K\n", + "P2 = 44.3 bar\n", + "T4 = 873 K\n", + "P4 = 2.91 bar\n", + "part(b) : \n", + "Heat Supplied, qs = 1018.82\n", + "part(c) : \n", + "Heat rejected, qr = 411.23 kJ/kg/cycle\n", + "part(d) : \n", + "Net work output = 607.58 kJ/kg/cycle\n", + "part(e) : \n", + "Efficiency = 0.5964 \n", + "part(f) : \n", + "Clearance = 0.07143\n", + "part(g) : \n", + "Cut-off = 0.0817\n", + "part(h) : \n", + "mean effective pressure is 756 kN/m^2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 1.6 : Pg - 25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables \n", + "t1=300 #temparature in k\n", + "r=10 #compression ratio\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "g=1.4 \n", + "p3=40 #pressure in bar\n", + "x=0.166 #x=v4/v5=t4/v1=(v4/v2)*(v2/v1)\n", + "t4=2000 #temparature in k\n", + "p4=40 #pressure in bar\n", + "cv=0.718 #calorific value(const volume)\n", + "cp=1.005 #calorific value(const preussure)\n", + "R=0.287\n", + "r=10\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2=(t1*(r)**(g-1))\n", + "p2=(p1*(r)**(g))\n", + "t3=t2*(p3/p2)\n", + "t5=t4*(x)**(g-1)\n", + "p5=p4*(x)**(g)\n", + "q23=cv*(t3-t2)\n", + "q34=cp*(t4-t3)\n", + "q44=cv*(t5-t1)\n", + "nwd=q23+q34-q44\n", + "ef=nwd/(q23+q34)\n", + "v1=(R*t1)/(p1*100)\n", + "v2=v1/r\n", + "mep=nwd/(v1-v2)\n", + "effo=1-(1/(r)**(g-1))\n", + "v3=(R*t4)/(p2*100)\n", + "cr=v3/v2\n", + "effd=1-((1/(r)**(g-1))*(1/g)*((cr)**(g)-1)/(cr-1))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print '(a) temparature 2,3,5 and pressure 2,5 are %.fk,%.fk,%.fk and %0.f bar,%0.2f bar'%(t2,t3,t5,p2,p5)\n", + "print '\\n(b) heat supplied at const volume is %.2f kJ/kg/cycle'%q23\n", + "print '\\n(c) heat supplied at const pressure is %.2f kJ/kg/cycle'%q34\n", + "print '\\n(d) heat rejected is %.2f kJ/kg/cycle'%q44\n", + "print '\\n(e) net work output is %.2f'%nwd\n", + "print '\\n(f) efficiency is %.4f'%ef\n", + "print '\\n(g) otto efficiency is %0.3f'%effo,\n", + "print ' & diesel efficiency is %0.3f'%effd" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a) temparature 2,3,5 and pressure 2,5 are 754k,1200k,975k and 25 bar,3.24 bar\n", + "\n", + "(b) heat supplied at const volume is 320.54 kJ/kg/cycle\n", + "\n", + "(c) heat supplied at const pressure is 804.00 kJ/kg/cycle\n", + "\n", + "(d) heat rejected is 484.76 kJ/kg/cycle\n", + "\n", + "(e) net work output is 639.78\n", + "\n", + "(f) efficiency is 0.5689\n", + "\n", + "(g) otto efficiency is 0.602 & diesel efficiency is 0.498\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 1.7 : Pg - 27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=295 #temparature in k\n", + "r=5.25\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "t3=923 #temparature in k\n", + "tc=511 #temparature in k\n", + "tt=633 #temparature in k\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2=t1*(r)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "t4=t3/(r)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "effb=1-((t4-t1)/(t3-t2))\n", + "wt=t3-t4\n", + "wc=t2-t1\n", + "wr1=(1-(t2-t1)/(t3-t4))\n", + "ctwr1=(t2-t1)/(t3-t4)\n", + "effc=(t2-t1)/(tc-t1)\n", + "efft=(t3-tt)/(t3-t4)\n", + "effbr=1-((tt-t1)/(t3-tc))\n", + "wr2=1-((tc-t1)/(t3-tt))\n", + "ctwr2=(tc-t1)/(t3-tt)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'work ratio and compressed turbine wrok ratio in first part of problem are %.3f and %0.3f'%(wr1,ctwr1)\n", + "print '\\nwork ratio and compressed turbine wrok ratio in second part of problem are %0.3f and %0.3f'%(wr2,ctwr2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "work ratio and compressed turbine wrok ratio in first part of problem are 0.487 and 0.513\n", + "\n", + "work ratio and compressed turbine wrok ratio in second part of problem are 0.255 and 0.745\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch4.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch4.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a01fb707 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch4.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,626 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:78e90073f1d3e896aa59a93fe405edfd326289aeeacf9b8c1583b20516c1d040" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ch-4 : Vapour Power Cycles" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.1 : Pg - 177" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=523.3 #temparature under p1=40 bar in k\n", + "t2=314.5 #temparature under p2=0.80 bar in k\n", + "s4=2.797 #entropy under p1=40 bar \n", + "s1=6.070 #entropy under p1=40 bar\n", + "sf3=0.593 #entropy under p2=0.08 bar\n", + "sfg3=7.634 #entropy under p2=0.08 bar\n", + "h4=1087 #kj/kg\n", + "h1=2801 #kj/kg\n", + "hf3=174 #kj/kg under p2=0.08bar\n", + "hfg3=2402 #kj/kg under p2=0.08bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "eff=(t1-t2)/t1\n", + "x3=(s4-sf3)/sfg3\n", + "x2=(s1-sf3)/sfg3\n", + "h3=hf3+(x3*hfg3)\n", + "h2=hf3+(x2*hfg3)\n", + "wt=h1-h2\n", + "cw=h4-h3\n", + "wr=(wt-cw)/wt\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print '(a)efficiency of carnot cycle is %0.3f'%(eff)\n", + "print '\\n(b)quality is %0.4f'%(x3)\n", + "print '\\n(c)gross work of expansion is %0.1f'%(wt)\n", + "print '\\n(d)work ratio is %0.3f'%(wr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a)efficiency of carnot cycle is 0.399\n", + "\n", + "(b)quality is 0.2887\n", + "\n", + "(c)gross work of expansion is 903.7\n", + "\n", + "(d)work ratio is 0.757\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.2 : Pg - 179" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "v=0.1008*10**-2\n", + "p1=40 #pressure in bar\n", + "p2=0.08 #pressure in bar\n", + "wt=903.8 #kj/kg\n", + "wp=4.02 #kj/kg\n", + "h1=2801 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=174 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pw=v*(p1-p2)\n", + "wn=wt-wp\n", + "qs=h1-(h3+wp)\n", + "reff=wn/qs\n", + "wr=wn/wt\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print '\\nrankine efficiency and work ratio is %0.3f and %0.3f'%(reff,wr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\n", + "rankine efficiency and work ratio is 0.343 and 0.996\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.3 : Pg - 180" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h3=174 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=178.02 #kj/kg\n", + "ieff=0.50 #isentropic efficiency of compression\n", + "wt=903.8 #kj/kg\n", + "feff=0.75 #furnace efficiency\n", + "ieeff=0.85#isentropic expansion efficiency\n", + "wp=4.02 #kj/kg\n", + "h1=2801 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "hx=((h4-h3)/0.5)+174\n", + "wr=wp/ieff\n", + "atu=ieeff*wt\n", + "hs=h1-hx\n", + "nwo=atu-wr\n", + "eff=nwo/hs\n", + "oeff=eff*feff\n", + "wrt=nwo/atu\n", + "ssc=3600/nwo\n", + "hr=3600/oeff\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'steam and heat rates are %0.2fkg/kwh and %0.1fkj/kwh'%(ssc,hr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "steam and heat rates are 4.74kg/kwh and 16536.7kj/kwh\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.4 : Pg - 183" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=3221.6 #kj/kg\n", + "s1=7.399 #kj/kgk\n", + "sf2=0.521 #kj/kgk\n", + "sfg2=7.808 #kj/kgk\n", + "hf2=152 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg2=2415 #kj/kg\n", + "t1=653 #temp in k\n", + "t2=309.2 #temp in k\n", + "v=0.1006*10**-2\n", + "p1=10 #pressure in bar\n", + "p2=0.06 #pressure in bar\n", + "h3=152 #kj/kg\n", + "x=110\n", + "y=639.7\n", + "z=610\n", + "a=2015\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "x2=(s1-sf2)/sfg2\n", + "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n", + "wo=h1-h2\n", + "hs=h1-h3\n", + "theff=wo/hs\n", + "sr1=3600/wo\n", + "ceff=(t1-t2)/t1\n", + "wp=v*(p1-p2)\n", + "h4=h3+wp\n", + "reff=(x+y)/(z+a)\n", + "sr2=3600/(x+y)\n", + "hr=3600/reff\n", + "print 'steam rate and carnot efficiency are %0.2fkg/kwh and %00.3f'%(sr1,ceff)\n", + "print '\\nsteam rate and heat rate are %0.2fkg/kwh and %0.f kJ/kWh'%(sr2,hr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "steam rate and carnot efficiency are 3.82kg/kwh and 0.526\n", + "\n", + "steam rate and heat rate are 4.80kg/kwh and 12605 kJ/kWh\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.5 : Pg - 188" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=3157 #kj/kg\n", + "h2=2725 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=3299 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=2257.9 #kj/kg\n", + "h5=1940.3 #kj/kg\n", + "h6=152 #kj/kg\n", + "x4=0.872\n", + "x5=0.7405\n", + "v=0.1006*10**-2 #volume\n", + "p1=100 #pressure in bar\n", + "p2=0.06 #pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "wp=v*(p1-p2)*100\n", + "h7=h6+wp\n", + "wt1=h1-h5\n", + "wn1=wt1-wp\n", + "qs1=h1-h7\n", + "wr1=wn1/wt1\n", + "reff=wn1/qs1\n", + "#reheat cycle\n", + "wt2=(h1-h2)+(h3-h4)\n", + "wn2=wt2-wp\n", + "wr2=wn2/wt2\n", + "qs2=h1-h7+h3-h2\n", + "teff=wn2/qs2\n", + "pd=wn2/3600\n", + "pdi=(pd-0.3352)/0.3352\n", + "df=1-pdi\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'work ratio and rakine efficiency of rankine cycle is %0.4f and %0.3f'%(wr1,reff)\n", + "print 'dryness fraction of steam is 0.872'\n", + "print '\\nheat supplied is %0.2f'%(qs1)\n", + "print '\\npower developed is %0.2f'%(pd)\n", + "print '\\npower developed per kg of steam is %0.4f'%(pdi)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "work ratio and rakine efficiency of rankine cycle is 0.9917 and 0.403\n", + "dryness fraction of steam is 0.872\n", + "\n", + "heat supplied is 2994.95\n", + "\n", + "power developed is 0.41\n", + "\n", + "power developed per kg of steam is 0.2124\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.6 : Pg - 195" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=2979 #kj/kg\n", + "h2=2504.3 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=1987.4 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=152 #kj/kg\n", + "h6=561 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "m=(h6-h4)/(h2-h4)\n", + "wo=(h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3)\n", + "qs=h1-h6\n", + "teff=wo/qs\n", + "ssc=3600/wo\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'work output is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(wo)\n", + "print '\\nheat supplied is %0.f kJ/kg'%(qs)\n", + "print '\\nthermal efficiency is %0.3f'%(teff)\n", + "print '\\nspecific steam consumption is %0.2fkg/kwh'%(ssc)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "work output is 901.7 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "heat supplied is 2418 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "thermal efficiency is 0.373\n", + "\n", + "specific steam consumption is 3.99kg/kwh\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.7 : Pg - 196" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=3222.5 #kj/kg\n", + "h2=3127.5 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=2692.5 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=2406.7 #kj/kg\n", + "h5=360 #kj/kg\n", + "h6=360 #kj/kg\n", + "h7=584 #kj/kg\n", + "h8=962 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "m1=(h8-h7)/(h2-h7)\n", + "m2=((1-m1)*(h7-h5))/(h3-h5)\n", + "wo=(h1-h2)+(1-m1)*(h2-h3)+(1-m1-m2)*(h3-h4)\n", + "qs=h1-h8\n", + "teff=wo/qs\n", + "sr=3600/wo\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'work output is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(wo)\n", + "print '\\nheat supplied is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(qs)\n", + "print '\\nthermal efficiency is %0.4f'%(teff)\n", + "print '\\nsteam rate is %0.2f kg/kwh'%(sr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "work output is 685.3 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "heat supplied is 2260.5 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "thermal efficiency is 0.3032\n", + "\n", + "steam rate is 5.25 kg/kwh\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.8 : Pg - 197" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=2990 #kj/kg\n", + "h2=2710 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=2325 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=152 #kj/kg\n", + "h5=152 #kj/kg\n", + "h7=505 #kj/kg\n", + "wo=612 #kj/kg\n", + "qs=2485 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "m=(h7-h4)/(h2-h4)\n", + "mph=m*30000\n", + "ip=((h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3))*(30000/3600)\n", + "teff=wo/qs\n", + "#when there is no feeding\n", + "eff=(h1-h3)/(h1-h4)\n", + "sc=(3600/(h1-h3))*ip\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'internal powers is %0.f kW'%(ip)\n", + "print '\\nthermal efficiency when feeding is there is %0.4f'%(teff)\n", + "print '\\nwhen there is no feed heating,thermal efficiency is %0.4f'%(eff)\n", + "print '\\nsteam consumption is %0.f kg/h'%(sc)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "internal powers is 5099 kW\n", + "\n", + "thermal efficiency when feeding is there is 0.2463\n", + "\n", + "when there is no feed heating,thermal efficiency is 0.2343\n", + "\n", + "steam consumption is 27603 kg/h\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.10 : Pg - 202" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "#for the mercury cycle\n", + "ha=360.025 #kj/kg\n", + "sa=0.50625 #kj/kgk\n", + "sfb=0.0961 #kj/kgk\n", + "sfgb=0.5334 #kj/kgk\n", + "hfb=38.05 #kj/kg\n", + "hfgb=294.02 #kj/kg\n", + "#for the steam cycle\n", + "h5=2801 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=163 #kj/kg\n", + "hb=264.2 #kj/kg\n", + "h1=2963 #kj/kg\n", + "s1=6.364 #kj/kgk\n", + "sf2=0.559 #kj/kgk\n", + "sfg2=7.715 #kj/kgk\n", + "qs=3916.2 #kj/kg\n", + "hf2=163 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg2=2409 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "xb=(sa-sfb)/sfgb\n", + "hb=hfb+(xb*hfgb)\n", + "m1=(h5-h3)/(hb-hfb)\n", + "x2=(s1-sf2)/sfg2\n", + "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n", + "wn=m1*(ha-hb)+(h1-h2)\n", + "teff1=wn/qs\n", + "hx=ha-(0.8*(ha-hb))\n", + "hy=h1-(0.8*(h1-h2))\n", + "m2=(h5-h3)/(hx-hfb)\n", + "wo=m2*(ha-hx)+(h1-hy)\n", + "qs=m2*(ha-hfb)+(h1-h5)\n", + "teff2=wo/qs\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'thermal efficiency of steam cycle is %0.3f'%(teff1)\n", + "print '\\nwork output of plant is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(wo)\n", + "print '\\nheat supplied is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(qs)\n", + "print '\\nthermal efficiency of the plant is %0.4f'%(teff2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "thermal efficiency of steam cycle is 0.538\n", + "\n", + "work output of plant is 1615.0 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "heat supplied is 3625.1 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "thermal efficiency of the plant is 0.4455\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.11 : Pg - 205" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ha=360.025 #kj/kg\n", + "hfb=38.05 #kj/kg\n", + "hb=264.2 #kj/kg\n", + "h1=2963 #kj/kg\n", + "h2=1974.6 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=163 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=1087 #kj/kg\n", + "h=1714 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "m=h/(hb-hfb)\n", + "wo=7.58*(ha-hb)+(h1-h2)\n", + "qs=7.58*(ha-hfb)+(h4-h3)+(h1-h)\n", + "teff=(wo/qs)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'thermal efficiency is %0.1f %%'%(teff*100.0)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "thermal efficiency is 37.2 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 4.12 : Pg - 205" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ha=359.11 #under 10 bar pressure in kj/kg\n", + "sa=0.5089 #under 10 bar pressure in kj/kgk\n", + "sfb=0.0870 #under 0.08 bar pressure in kj/kgk\n", + "sfgb=0.57 #under 0.08 bar pressure in kj/kgk\n", + "hfb=33.21 #under 0.08 bar pressure in kj/kg\n", + "hfgb=294.7 #under 0.08 bar pressure in kj/kg\n", + "h=1840.5 #kj/kg\n", + "h1=3350 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kg\n", + "s1=7.183 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kgk\n", + "sf2=0.476 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kgk\n", + "sfg2=7.918 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kgk\n", + "hf2=138 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 ki n kj/kg\n", + "hfg2=2423 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kg\n", + "h5=964 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "xb=(sa-sfb)/(sfgb)\n", + "hb=hfb+(xb*hfgb)\n", + "m=h/(hb-hfb)\n", + "x2=(s1-sf2)/sfg2\n", + "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n", + "wo=8.47*(ha-hb)+(h1-h2)\n", + "qs=8.47*(ha-hfb)+(h5-138)+(h1-2802.5)\n", + "teff=(wo/qs)*100\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'work output is %0.1f kJ/kg of steam'%(wo) #textbook ans slightly varies\n", + "print '\\nheat supplied to the plant is %0.1f kJ/kg of steam'%(qs)\n", + "print '\\nthermal efficiency is %0.1f %%'%(teff)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "work output is 2072.4 kJ/kg of steam\n", + "\n", + "heat supplied to the plant is 4133.9 kJ/kg of steam\n", + "\n", + "thermal efficiency is 50.1 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch5.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch5.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..371ef477 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch5.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,488 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:212c0541b9caea0b5d9cbe6f4e974823840fe54ed8111103a6fd50c8f12ea407" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ch-5 : Flow Through Nozzles and Diffusers " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.1 : Pg - 214" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "c=300 #velocity in m/s\n", + "cp=1.005 #kj/kgk\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "t=478 #static temparature in k\n", + "p=15 #static pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t0=t+((c)**2/(2*cp*1000))\n", + "x=(t0/t)**(g/(g-1))*p\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'stagnation temparature and stagnation pressure is %0.1f k and %0.2f bar'%(t0,x)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "stagnation temparature and stagnation pressure is 522.8 k and 20.52 bar\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.2 : Pg - 215" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "hg=2803.4 #kj/kg\n", + "c=300 #m/s\n", + "sg=6.1253 #kj/kgk\n", + "h2=2090.0 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "h0=hg+((c)**2)/2000\n", + "c2=44.72*(h0-h2)**0.5\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'total enthalpy is %0.2f kj/kg'%(h0) #textbook answer is wrong\n", + "print '\\nfinal stream is %0.2f m/s'%(c2) #textbook answer is wrong" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "total enthalpy is 2848.40 kj/kg\n", + "\n", + "final stream is 1231.55 m/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.3 : Pg - 224" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=0.2897 #kj/kgk\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "t1=313 #temparature in k\n", + "p1=20 #pressure in bar\n", + "p2=13 #pressure im bar\n", + "cp=1.0138 #kj/kgk\n", + "a=5*10**-4\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "rc=(2/(g+1))**(g/0.4)\n", + "t2=t1*(p2/p1)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "c2=44.72*(cp*(t1-t2))**(0.5)\n", + "rho=p2*100/(R*t2)\n", + "m=rho*c2*a\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'mass flow rate and velocity of air at exit are %0.3f kg/s and %0.2f kg/m*m*m'%(m,rho) #textbook answer slightly varies" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "mass flow rate and velocity of air at exit are 2.198 kg/s and 16.21 kg/m*m*m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.4 : Pg - 225" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "x=100 #x=h1-h* in kj/kg\n", + "m=120 #mass in kg\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "y=501.5 #y=h1-h2 in kj/kg\n", + "v1=0.607 #volume\n", + "v2=6.477 #volume\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "c1=44.72*(x)**(0.5)\n", + "a1=m*v1/(c1*60)\n", + "d1=(4*a1/pi)**0.5\n", + "c2=44.72*(y)**(0.5)\n", + "a2=m*v2/(c2*60)\n", + "d2=(4*a2/pi)**0.5\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'area of cross section of throat and diameter of throat are %0.6f m*m and %0.4f m'%(a1,d1)\n", + "print '\\narea of cross section at exit and diameter at exit are %0.5f m*m and %0.4f m'%(a2,d2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "area of cross section of throat and diameter of throat are 0.002715 m*m and 0.0588 m\n", + "\n", + "area of cross section at exit and diameter at exit are 0.01294 m*m and 0.1283 m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.5 : Pg - 226" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=593 #temparature in k\n", + "p2=1.05 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=7 #pressure in bar\n", + "cp=1.005\n", + "p3=3.696 #pressure in bar\n", + "r=0.287 #kj/kgk\n", + "a=6.25*10**-4\n", + "g= 1.4 #ft/sec**2\n", + "R= 8.314\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2=t1*(p2/p1)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "c2=44.72*(cp*(t1-t2))**(0.5)\n", + "rho2=p2*100/(r*t2)\n", + "m2=rho2*c2*a\n", + "t3=t1*(p3/p1)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "\n", + "c3=44.72*(cp*(t1-t3))**(0.5)\n", + "\n", + "rho3=p3*100/(r*t3)\n", + "a3=m2/(rho3*c3)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'exit velocity and mass flow rate are %0.f m/s and %0.3f kg/s'%(c2,m2)\n", + "print '\\nthroat area is %0.4f m*m'%(a3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "exit velocity and mass flow rate are 706 m/s and 0.468 kg/s\n", + "\n", + "throat area is 0.0004 m*m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.6 : Pg - 229" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "g=1.4 #gamma-const value\n", + "p1=4.5 #pressure in bar\n", + "p3=1.1 #pressure in bar\n", + "cp=1.005 #kj/kgk\n", + "rho4=0.5405 #density\n", + "rho3=0.9725 #density\n", + "t1=1023 #temparature in k\n", + "t2=852.16 #temparature in k\n", + "r=0.287 #cp-cv=const value\n", + "m=0.5 #mass\n", + "ieff=0.85 #isentropic efficiency\n", + "R= 8.314 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "p2=0.528*p1\n", + "t2=0.833*t1\n", + "c2=44.72*(cp*(t1-t2))**(0.5)\n", + "rho2=p2*100/(R*t2)\n", + "a2=m/(rho3*c2)\n", + "t3=t2*(p3/p2)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "t4=t2-(ieff*(t2-t3))\n", + "c3=44.72*(cp*(t1-t4))**(0.5)\n", + "rho3=p2*100/(R*t4)\n", + "a3=m/(rho4*c3)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'throat area is %0.5f m*m'%(a2)\n", + "print '\\nvelocity at exit,area at exit are %0.2f m/s and %0.6f m*m'%(c3,a3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "throat area is 0.00088 m*m\n", + "\n", + "velocity at exit,area at exit are 794.29 m/s and 0.001165 m*m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.7 : Pg - 231" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p1=5 #pressure in bars\n", + "h1=2709 #kj/kg\n", + "h2=2649.5 #kj/kg\n", + "v2=0.6059 #volume flowrate in m*m*m/kg\n", + "m=2 #mass in kg\n", + "v3=6.5098 #volume flowrate in m*m*m/kg\n", + "h1=2714.0 #kj/kg\n", + "h2=2649.5 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=2247.4 #kj/kg\n", + "eff=0.9 #efficiency\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "p2=0.578*p1\n", + "c2=44.72*(h1-h2)**(0.5)\n", + "a2=m*v2/c2\n", + "x=eff*(h1-h3) #x=h1-h3\n", + "c3=44.72*(x)**(0.5)\n", + "a3=m*v3/c3\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'velocity and area at throat are %0.1f m/s and %0.6f m*m'%(c2,a2)\n", + "print '\\nvelocity and area at exit are %0.2f m/s and %0.5f m*m'%(c3,a3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "velocity and area at throat are 359.2 m/s and 0.003374 m*m\n", + "\n", + "velocity and area at exit are 916.42 m/s and 0.01421 m*m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.8 : Pg - 233" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=323 #temp in k\n", + "c1=300 #velocity in m/s\n", + "c2=100 #velocity in m/s\n", + "cp=1.005 #kj/kgk\n", + "p1=10 #pressure in bar\n", + "p3=14 # pressure in bar\n", + "g= 1.4#ft/sec**2\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2=t1+(c1**2-c2**2)/(2*cp*1e3)\n", + "p2=p1*(t2/t1)**(g/(g-1))\n", + "t2s=t1*(p3/p1)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "h3=cp*t2s\n", + "x=(0.5*((c1)**2-(c2)**2))/1000 #x=h2-h1\n", + "h1=cp*t1\n", + "eff=(h3-h1)/(x)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'diffuser efficiency is %0.4f '%(eff)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "diffuser efficiency is 0.8189 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.9 : Pg - 232" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=323 #temparature in k\n", + "t2=362.8 #temparature in k\n", + "c1=300 #velocity in m/s\n", + "c2=100 #velocity in m/s\n", + "cp=1.005 #kj/kgk\n", + "p1=10 #pressure in bar\n", + "p3=14 # pressure in bar\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "tx=t1+((c1)**2/(2*cp*1000))\n", + "po1=p1*(tx/t1)**(g/(g-1))\n", + "po2=p3*(tx/t2)**(g/(g-1))\n", + "tpr=po2/po1\n", + "rrr=(po2-p1)/(po1-p1)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'total pressure ratio and ram recovery ratio are %0.3f and %0.4f '%(tpr,rrr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "total pressure ratio and ram recovery ratio are 0.932 and 0.8143 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 5.10 : Pg - 235" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=2724.7 #kj/kg under 3 bar pressure\n", + "s1=6.991 #kj/kgk under 3 bar pressure\n", + "sf2=1.530 #kj/kgk\n", + "sfg2=5.597 #kj/kgk\n", + "hf2=504.7 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg2=2201.6 #kj/kg\n", + "vg2=0.8854\n", + "a2=3*10**-4 #area in m*m\n", + "v1=0.6056 #m*m*m/kg\n", + "p1=3 #bar\n", + "p2=2 #bar\n", + "n=1.3\n", + "t1=406.54 #temparature in k\n", + "ps=0.917 #bar\n", + "v2=0.8273 #m*m*m/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "x2=(s1-sf2)/(sfg2)\n", + "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n", + "v2=x2*vg2\n", + "c2=44.72*(h1-h2)**(0.5)\n", + "m1=a2*c2/v2\n", + "v2=v1*(p1/p2)**(1/n)\n", + "c3=((-2*n/n-1)*p1*v1*((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)-1))**0.5*543.53\n", + "m2=a2*c3/v2\n", + "t2=t1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n)\n", + "de=2/ps\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'mass flow rate is %0.4f '%(m2)\n", + "print '\\ndegree of super saturation is %0.2f '%(de)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "mass flow rate is 0.1375 \n", + "\n", + "degree of super saturation is 2.18 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch6.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch6.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7023435a --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch6.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,393 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:47887a5fe64bcdb1db8d919c251d94ea2cf263291e845fbab558fde5e1556060" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ch-6 : Steam Turbines" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 6.1 : Pg - 247" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "from math import cos, sin, atan, acos, sqrt\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "c=400 #steam speed in m/s\n", + "alpla=12 #angle in degrees\n", + "cwo=0\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "u=c*cos(12*(pi/180))/2\n", + "cwi=c*cos(12*(pi/180))\n", + "cfi=c*sin(12*(180/pi))\n", + "thetha=atan(cfi/(cwi-u))*(pi/180)\n", + "cro=sqrt((cfi)**2+(cwi-u)**2)\n", + "phi=acos(u/cro)*(180/pi)\n", + "wo=(cwi-cwo)*u\n", + "ke=(c)**2/2\n", + "eff=wo/ke\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'blade efficiency is %0.3f'%(eff)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "blade efficiency is 0.957\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 6.2 : Pg - 248" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import asin\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "hd=159 #heat drop in kj/kg\n", + "eff=0.89 #and its corresponding efficiency is mentioned\n", + "ra=0.4 #ratio of blade speed to steam speed\n", + "sp=3000 #rotational speed of an impulse turbine wheel in revolutions\n", + "a=20 #angle is 20 degrees\n", + "beff=0.76 #blade efficiency\n", + "cwo=5.4 #m/s\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "bvc=0.82 #blade velocity coefficient\n", + "m=15 #mass is 15 kgs\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "ci=44.72*sqrt(eff*hd)\n", + "u=ci*ra\n", + "dm=(60*u)/(sp*0.3184)\n", + "cfi=ci*sin(20*(pi/180))\n", + "cwi=ci*cos(20*(pi/180))\n", + "cri=sqrt((cwi-u)**2+(cfi)**2)\n", + "cro=bvc*cri\n", + "x=(beff*(ci)**2)/(2*u) #x=cwi-cwo\n", + "theta=atan((cfi/(cwi-u)))*(180/pi)\n", + "cfo=sqrt((cro)**2-(cwo+u)**2)\n", + "co=sqrt((cwo)**2+(cfo)**2)\n", + "bet=(asin(cfo/co))*(180/pi)\n", + "pd=(m*x*u)/1000\n", + "re=hd-(pd/15)\n", + "phi=asin((cfo/cro))*(180/pi)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'mean blade ring diameter is %0.3fm'%(dm) #textbook answer is wrong\n", + "print '\\npower developed is %0.2f kW'%(pd)\n", + "print '\\nresidual energy at out let foe friction and nozzle efficiency is %0.1f kW/kg'%(re)\n", + "print '\\nblade angles are %0.1f, %0.1f, %0.1f'%(theta,bet,phi)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "mean blade ring diameter is 13.366m\n", + "\n", + "power developed is 1613.12 kW\n", + "\n", + "residual energy at out let foe friction and nozzle efficiency is 51.5 kW/kg\n", + "\n", + "blade angles are 32.4, 88.2, 38.5\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 6.3 : Pg - 254" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import tan\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "alpha=20 #angle in degrees\n", + "theta=27 #angle in degrees\n", + "m=10 #kgs\n", + "vs=0.4799 #specific volume in m*m*m/kg\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "u=100 #blade speed in m/s\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "ci=u*tan(27*(pi/180))/(cos(20*(pi/180))*tan(27*(pi/180))-sin(20*(pi/180)))\n", + "x=2*ci*cos(20*(pi/180))-u\n", + "pd=m*x*u\n", + "cf=ci*sin(20*(pi/180))\n", + "a=(m*vs)/cf\n", + "dm=sqrt(a/(0.08*pi))\n", + "h=0.08*dm\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'power developed is %0.f KW'%(pd/1e3)\n", + "print '\\narea of flow is %0.5f m*m'%(a)\n", + "print '\\nblade height is %0.f mm'%(h*1e3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "power developed is 600 KW\n", + "\n", + "area of flow is 0.03765 m*m\n", + "\n", + "blade height is 31 mm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 6.4 : Pg - 255" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "sp=1500 #rotational speed of an impulse turbine wheel in revolutions\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "dm=1.5 #diameter in m\n", + "ra=0.8 #ratio of blade speed to steam speed\n", + "x=159 #x=cwi-cwo in m/s\n", + "m=10 #kgs mass\n", + "cf=50.4 #m*m*m/kg\n", + "vs=1.159 #\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "u=(pi*dm*sp)/60\n", + "ci=u/ra\n", + "pd=(m*x*u)/1000\n", + "a=(m*vs)/cf\n", + "h=a/(pi*dm)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'power developed for steam flow is %0.1f kW'%(pd)\n", + "print '\\nheight of the blade is %0.4f m'%(h)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "power developed for steam flow is 187.4 kW\n", + "\n", + "height of the blade is 0.0488 m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 6.5 : Pg - 258" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "u=170 #blade velocity in m/s\n", + "ra=0.2 #ratio of blade speed to steam speed\n", + "cril=696 #m/s\n", + "co1=0.84 #velocity coefficient \n", + "co2=0.87 #velocity coefficient\n", + "co3=0.90 #velocity coefficient\n", + "cri2=232 #m/s\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "ci=u/ra\n", + "crol=cril*co1\n", + "ci2=crol*co2\n", + "cro2=cri2*co3\n", + "wd=(1176+344)*u*10**-3\n", + "beff=wd*1000*2/(ci**2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'work developed in the blade is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(wd)\n", + "print '\\nblading efficiency is %0.3f '%(beff)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "work developed in the blade is 258.4 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "blading efficiency is 0.715 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 6.6 : Pg - 262" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "u=250 #blade speed in m/s\n", + "theta=80 #angle in degrees\n", + "alpha=20 #angle in degrees\n", + "oed=786.7 #overall enthalpic drop in kj/kg\n", + "sp=3000 #rotational speed of an impulse turbine wheel in revolutions\n", + "p=6000 #power developed in kw\n", + "rf=1.04 #reheat factor\n", + "ie=2993.4 #kj/kg\n", + "vs=9.28 #m*m*m/kg\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "ci=(u*sin(100*(pi/180)))/sin(60*(pi/180))\n", + "x=(2*ci*cos(20*(pi/180)))-u #x=cwi-cwo\n", + "wd=x*u*10**-3\n", + "ed=wd*10\n", + "teff=ed/oed\n", + "seff=teff/rf\n", + "m=p/ed\n", + "ae=ie-ed\n", + "cf=ci*sin(20*(pi/180))\n", + "a=(m*vs)/cf\n", + "dm=(60*u)/(pi*sp)\n", + "h=a/(pi*dm)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'enthalpy drop is %0.f kJ/kg'%(ed)\n", + "print '\\nturbine efficiency is %0.3f'%(teff)\n", + "print '\\nstage efficiency is %0.3f'%(seff)\n", + "print '\\nmass flow of steam is %0.2f kg/s'%(m)\n", + "print '\\nblade height is %0.3f m'%(h)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "enthalpy drop is 710 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "turbine efficiency is 0.903\n", + "\n", + "stage efficiency is 0.868\n", + "\n", + "mass flow of steam is 8.45 kg/s\n", + "\n", + "blade height is 0.161 m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 6.7 : Pg - 264" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "x1=3025 # according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x2=2262 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x3=2039 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x4=2896 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x5=2817 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x6=2728 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x7=2699 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x8=2592 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x9=2525 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x10=2430 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x11=2398 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x12=2262 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "x13=2192 #according to 20 bar pressure and 300 degrees temp\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "ieff=(x1-x2)/(x1-x3)\n", + "feff=(x1-x4)/(x1-x5)\n", + "seff=(x4-x6)/(x4-x7)\n", + "teff=(x6-x8)/(x6-x9)\n", + "oeff=(x8-x10)/(x8-x11)\n", + "yeff=(x10-x12)/(x10-x13)\n", + "ced=(x1-x5)+(x4-x7)+(x6-x9)+(x8-x11)+(x10-x13)\n", + "rf=ced/(x1-x3)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'cumulative enthaloy drop is %.f'%(ced)\n", + "print '\\nreheat factor is %.2f'%(rf)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "cumulative enthaloy drop is 1040\n", + "\n", + "reheat factor is 1.05\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch7.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch7.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..358ceb39 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch7.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,920 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:9acdea47ca7898eae442036130d51b232205190e82c14f3cc5e8b20a00e6edad" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ch-7 : Psychrometrics " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.1 : Pg - 290" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps=0.024853 #at 21 degress \n", + "phi=0.34 #relative humidity\n", + "p=1.013 #pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv=ps*phi\n", + "w=0.622*(pv/(p-pv))\n", + "tdew=4.5 #at 0.00845 bar\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'specific humidity is %0.5f kg/kg of da'%(w)\n", + "print 'dew point temp is %0.2f degree C'%(tdew)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "specific humidity is 0.00523 kg/kg of da\n", + "dew point temp is 4.50 degree C\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.2 : Pg - 291" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=26 #temp in degrees\n", + "t2=32 #temp in degrees\n", + "pvs=0.033597 #pressure in bar\n", + "ps=0.047534 #pressure in bar\n", + "p=1.013 #pressure in bar\n", + "a=6.6*10**-4\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv=pvs-(p*a*(t2-t1))\n", + "w=(0.622*pv)/(p-pv)\n", + "phi=pv/ps\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'specific humidity is %0.4f kg/kg of da'%(w)\n", + "print '\\nrelative humidity is %0.3f '%(phi)\n", + "print 'dew point temp is 23.5 degree C' #from steam tables" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "specific humidity is 0.0187 kg/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "relative humidity is 0.622 \n", + "dew point temp is 23.5 degree C\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.3 : Pg - 291" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps=0.042415 #under 30 degrees temp in bar\n", + "vg=32.929 #m*m*m/kg\n", + "phi=0.3 #relative humidity\n", + "p=1.01325 #bar\n", + "pv=0.012725**10**2 #pressure \n", + "rv=0.4615\n", + "t=313 #temp in k\n", + "pa=1.005*10**2\n", + "ra=0.287\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv=phi*ps\n", + "w1=0.622*(pv/(p-pv))\n", + "rhos=1/vg\n", + "rhov=phi*rhos\n", + "rho=pv/(rv*t)\n", + "pa=p-pv\n", + "rhoa=pa*100/(ra*t)\n", + "w2=rhov/rhoa\n", + "ds=phi*((p-ps)/(p-pv))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'partial pressure of water vapour is %0.6f bar'%(pv)\n", + "print '\\ndensity of dry air is %0.4f kg/m*m*m'%(rhoa)\n", + "print 'dew point temp is 10.5 degrees'\n", + "print '\\nspecific humidity is %0.5f kg/kg of da'%(w2) #textbook answer slightly varies\n", + "print '\\ndegree of saturation is %0.4f '%(ds)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "partial pressure of water vapour is 0.012724 bar\n", + "\n", + "density of dry air is 1.1138 kg/m*m*m\n", + "dew point temp is 10.5 degrees\n", + "\n", + "specific humidity is 0.00818 kg/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "degree of saturation is 0.2911 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.4 : Pg - 292" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps=0.035636 #pressure in bar\n", + "pvw=0.018168 #pressure in bar\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "a=6.6*10**-4\n", + "w=0.00667\n", + "td=27 #temparature in degrees\n", + "tw=16 #temparature in degrees\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv=pvw-(p*a*(td-tw))\n", + "w=0.622*(pv/(p-pv))\n", + "phi=pv/ps\n", + "h=(1.005*td+w*(2500+1.86*td))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'humidity ratio is %0.5f kg/kg of da'%(w)\n", + "print '\\nrelative humidity is %0.4f '%(phi)\n", + "print 'dew point temparature is 8 degrees'\n", + "print '\\nenthalphy of moist air is %0.2f kg/kg of da'%(h)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "humidity ratio is 0.00671 kg/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "relative humidity is 0.3034 \n", + "dew point temparature is 8 degrees\n", + "\n", + "enthalphy of moist air is 44.24 kg/kg of da\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.5 : Pg - 293" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "pv=0.020 #pressure in bar at 21 degrees temp\n", + "ws=0.0154 #kg/kg of da\n", + "w=0.0123 #kg/kg of da\n", + "vs=0.86 #under 21 degrees temp m*m*m/kg\n", + "w1=0.0074\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pa=p-pv\n", + "sr=w/ws\n", + "rho=1/vs\n", + "avc=0.0163-w1\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'partial pressure of vapour and dry air are %0.2f bar and %0.5f bar'%(pv,pa)\n", + "print 'dew point temp is 17.4 degrees'\n", + "print 'specific humidity is 0.0123 kg/kg of da'\n", + "print '\\nsaturation ratio is %0.3f '%(sr)\n", + "print '\\ndensity of misture is %0.3f kg/m*m*m'%(rho)\n", + "print '\\namount of water vapour condensed is %0.4f kg/kg of da'%(avc)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "partial pressure of vapour and dry air are 0.02 bar and 0.99325 bar\n", + "dew point temp is 17.4 degrees\n", + "specific humidity is 0.0123 kg/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "saturation ratio is 0.799 \n", + "\n", + "density of misture is 1.163 kg/m*m*m\n", + "\n", + "amount of water vapour condensed is 0.0089 kg/kg of da\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.6 : Pg - 294" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "w1=0.01468\n", + "td=20 #temp in degrees\n", + "tw=40 #temp in degrees\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "ha=(1.005*td+w1*(2500+1.86*td))\n", + "w2=(ha-(1.005*tw))/(2500+1.86*tw)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'humidity rate is %0.2f kg/kg of da'%(ha)\n", + "print '\\nw2 is %0.5f kg/kg of da'%(w2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "humidity rate is 57.35 kg/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "w2 is 0.00666 kg/kg of da\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.7 : Pg - 297" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps1=0.006566 #bar pressure\n", + "phi1=0.6 #relative humidity\n", + "td2=21 #temp in degrees\n", + "td1=1 #temp in degrees\n", + "ps2=0.02486 #pressure in bar\n", + "td3=26 #temp in degrees\n", + "p=1.013 #pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv1=(phi1*ps1)\n", + "w=0.622*(pv1/(p-pv1))\n", + "q=(td2-td1)*(1.005+(1.86*w))\n", + "phi2=pv1/ps2\n", + "cbf=(td3-td2)/(td3-td1)\n", + "cf=1-cbf\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'heat supplied to air is %0.2f kg/kg of da'%(q)\n", + "print '\\nfinal relative humidity is %0.4f kg/kg of da'%(phi2)\n", + "print '\\ncoil bypass factor is %0.2f '%(cbf)\n", + "print '\\ncontact factor is %0.2f '%(cf)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "heat supplied to air is 20.19 kg/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "final relative humidity is 0.1585 kg/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "coil bypass factor is 0.20 \n", + "\n", + "contact factor is 0.80 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.8 : Pg - 298" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps1=0.056216 #bar pressure\n", + "phi1=0.2 #relative humidity\n", + "td1=35 #temp in degrees\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "td2=25 #temp in degrees\n", + "ps2=0.03166 #bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv1=phi1*ps1\n", + "w1=0.622*(pv1/(p-pv1))\n", + "ha=(1.005*td1+w1*(2500+1.86*td1))\n", + "w2=(ha-(1.005*td2))/(2500+1.86*td2)\n", + "pv2=(w2*p)/(w2+0.622)\n", + "phi2=pv2/ps2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'relative humidity rate is %0.2f kg/kg of da'%(ha)\n", + "print '\\nrelative humidity is %0.4f '%(phi2)\n", + "print '\\namount of water to be added is %0.5f kg/kg of da'%(w2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "relative humidity rate is 53.08 kg/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "relative humidity is 0.5550 \n", + "\n", + "amount of water to be added is 0.01098 kg/kg of da\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.9 : Pg - 300" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps1=0.056216 #bar pressure\n", + "ps3=0.023366 #bar pressure\n", + "phi1=0.6 #relative humidity\n", + "td3=20 #temp in degress\n", + "td1=35 #temp in degrees\n", + "td2=12 #temp in degrees\n", + "r=0.287\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "x1=90.12 #kj/kg\n", + "x2=34.08 #kj/kg\n", + "x3=42.25 #kj/kg\n", + "hf=0.4 #kj/kg\n", + "w1=0.02142\n", + "w2=0.00873\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv1=phi1*ps1\n", + "w1=0.622*(pv1/(p-pv1))\n", + "h1=(1.005*td1+w1*(2500+1.86*td1))\n", + "pv3=phi1*ps3\n", + "w3=0.622*(pv3/(p-pv3))\n", + "h3=(1.005*td3+w3*(2500+1.86*td3))\n", + "h2=(1.005*td2+0.0073*(2500+1.86*td2))\n", + "ma=((p-pv1)*100*2.5)/(r*(td1+273))\n", + "q1=ma*(x2-x1)+(w1-w2)*hf\n", + "q2=(ma*(x3-x2))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'mass of dry air is %0.2f kg/s'%(ma)\n", + "print '\\ncooler load on the dehumidyfier is %0.2f kw'%(q1) # ans wrong in the book\n", + "print '\\nheating load of the heater is %0.2f kw'%(q2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "mass of dry air is 2.77 kg/s\n", + "\n", + "cooler load on the dehumidyfier is -155.24 kw\n", + "\n", + "heating load of the heater is 22.63 kw\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.10 : Pg - 302" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "x1=90.12 #kj/kg\n", + "x3=42.25 #kj/kg\n", + "ps3=0.023366 #bar pressure\n", + "td3=35 #temp in degrees\n", + "phi1=0.6 #relative humidity\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv3=phi1*ps3\n", + "w3=0.622*(pv3/(p-pv3))\n", + "h3=(1.005*td3+w3*(2500+1.86*td3))\n", + "qs=h3-x3\n", + "ql=x1-h3\n", + "shf=qs/(qs+ql)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'sensible heat removed is %0.2f kj/kg of da'%(qs)\n", + "print '\\nlatent heat removed is %0.2f kj/kg of da'%(ql)\n", + "print '\\nsensible heat factor is %0.2f '%(shf)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "sensible heat removed is 15.31 kj/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "latent heat removed is 32.56 kj/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "sensible heat factor is 0.32 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.11 : Pg - 302" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps1=0.010720 #bar pressure\n", + "phi1=0.3 #relative humidity\n", + "td1=8 #temp in degrees\n", + "td2=32 #temp in degrees\n", + "td3=30 #temp in degrees\n", + "ps3=0.042415 #bar pressure\n", + "phi3=0.5 #relative humidity\n", + "hf=762.6 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg=2013.6 #kj/kg\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv1=phi1*ps1\n", + "w1=0.622*(pv1/(p-pv1))\n", + "h1=(1.005*td1+w1*(2500+1.86*td1))\n", + "h2=(1.005*td2+w1*(2500+1.86*td2))\n", + "ha=h2-h1\n", + "pv3=phi3*ps3\n", + "w3=0.622*(pv3/(p-pv3))\n", + "h3=(1.005*td3+w3*(2500+1.86*td3))\n", + "wa=w3-w1\n", + "hw=(h3-h2)/(w3-w1)\n", + "x=(hw-hf)/hfg\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'heat added is %0.2f kJ/kg of da'%(ha)\n", + "print '\\nwater added is %0.5f kg/kg of da'%(wa)\n", + "print 'temp os steam supplied is 179.88 degrees' #at 10 bar pressure\n", + "print '\\nsteam required is %0.2f kj/kg of steam'%(hw)\n", + "print '\\nquality of steam at 10 bar is %0.3f '%(x)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "heat added is 24.21 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "water added is 0.01132 kg/kg of da\n", + "temp os steam supplied is 179.88 degrees\n", + "\n", + "steam required is 2377.53 kj/kg of steam\n", + "\n", + "quality of steam at 10 bar is 0.802 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.12 : Pg - 305" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps1=0.023366 #bar pressure\n", + "phi1=0.4#relative humidity\n", + "td1=20 #temp in degrees\n", + "m1=40 #kg/s\n", + "ps2=0.01227 #bar pressure\n", + "phi2=0.8#relative humidity\n", + "td2=10 #temp in degrees\n", + "m2=20 #kg/s\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv1=phi1*ps1\n", + "w1=0.622*(pv1/(p-pv1))\n", + "h1=(1.005*td1+w1*(2500+1.86*td1))\n", + "ma1=m1/(1+w1)\n", + "pv2=phi2*ps2\n", + "w2=0.622*(pv2/(p-pv2))\n", + "h2=(1.005*td2+w2*(2500+1.86*td2))\n", + "ma2=m2/(1+w2)\n", + "w3=((ma1*w1)+(ma2*w2))/(ma1+ma2)\n", + "h3=((ma1*h1)+(ma2*h2))/(ma1+ma2)\n", + "td3=((ma1*td1)+(ma2*td2))/(ma1+ma2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'specific humidity is %0.5f kJ/kg of da'%(w3)\n", + "print '\\ntemparature of air leaving chamber is %0.2f degrees'%(td3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "specific humidity is 0.00589 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "temparature of air leaving chamber is 16.67 degrees\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.13 : Pg - 307" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps1=0.062739 #bar pressure\n", + "phi1=0.9 #relative humidity\n", + "td1=37 #temp in degrees\n", + "td3=10.7 #dew point temparature\n", + "ps4=0.02366 #bar pressure\n", + "phi4=0.55 #relative humidity\n", + "td4=20 #temp in degrees\n", + "w12=1.5 #work input in kw\n", + "v4=50 #\n", + "t4=37+273 #temp in k\n", + "Ra = 0.287\n", + "r= 1\n", + "w2= 1\n", + "w3= 1\n", + "hf3= 2\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv1=phi1*ps1\n", + "w1=0.622*(pv1/(p-pv1))\n", + "h1=(1.005*td1+w1*(2500+1.86*td1))\n", + "pv4=phi4*ps4\n", + "w4=0.622*(pv4/(p-pv4))\n", + "h4=(1.005*td4+w4*(2500+1.86*td4))\n", + "h3=(1.005*td3+w4*(2500+1.86*td3))\n", + "pa4=p-pv4\n", + "ma=(pa4*v4*100)/(Ra*t4)\n", + "q12=(w12*60)/ma\n", + "h2=h1+q12\n", + "q23=((h3+(w2-w3)*hf3)-h2)\n", + "Q23=-1*q23*ma\n", + "q34=h4-h3\n", + "Q34=q34*ma\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "#ans in the book are wrong.\n", + "print 'enthalpy rate 1 is %0.2f kJ/kg of da'%(h1)\n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate 4 is %0.2f kJ/kg of da'%(h4)\n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate 3 is %0.2f kJ/kg of da'%(h3) \n", + "print '\\nmass of dry air is %0.2f kg/min'%(ma) \n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate 2 is %0.2f kJ/kg of da'%(h2)\n", + "print '\\ncapacity od cooling coil q23 is %0.2f kJ/min'%(Q23)\n", + "print '\\ncapacity od cooling coil q34 is %0.2f kJ/min'%(Q34)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "enthalpy rate 1 is 131.48 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate 4 is 40.63 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate 3 is 31.14 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "mass of dry air is 56.21 kg/min\n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate 2 is 133.08 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "capacity od cooling coil q23 is 5730.05 kJ/min\n", + "\n", + "capacity od cooling coil q34 is 533.25 kJ/min\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.14 : Pg - 310" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "td3=15 #dew point temparature\n", + "ps3=0.017039 #bar pressure\n", + "phi3=0.55 #relative humidity\n", + "p=1 #bar pressure\n", + "ps4=0.029821 #bar pressure\n", + "phi4=1 #relative humidity\n", + "td4=24 #temp in degrees\n", + "mw1=1000 #kg/min\n", + "hf1=109 #kj/kg\n", + "hf2=50.4 #kj/kg\n", + "w4=0.01912\n", + "w3=0.00588\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv3=phi3*ps3\n", + "w1=0.622*(pv3/(p-pv3))\n", + "h3=(1.005*td3+w3*(2500+1.86*td3))\n", + "pv4=phi4*ps4\n", + "w4=0.622*(pv4/(p-pv4))\n", + "h4=(1.005*td4+w4*(2500+1.86*td4))\n", + "ma=mw1*(hf1-hf2)/(h4-h3-(w4-w3)*hf2)\n", + "x=ma*(w4-w3) #mw1-mw2\n", + "mf=ma+x\n", + "pl=(x/mw1)*100\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'mass of dry air is %0.1f kg/min'%(ma)\n", + "print '\\nmass cooling water loss by evoporation is %0.2f kg/min '%(x)\n", + "print '\\nmass flow of moist air is %0.2f kg/min '%(mf)\n", + "print '\\npercentage loss by evoporation is %0.2f %%'%(pl)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "mass of dry air is 1389.8 kg/min\n", + "\n", + "mass cooling water loss by evoporation is 18.40 kg/min \n", + "\n", + "mass flow of moist air is 1408.20 kg/min \n", + "\n", + "percentage loss by evoporation is 1.84 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.15 : Pg - 311" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "td3=17 #dew point temparature\n", + "ps3=0.019362 #bar pressure\n", + "phi3=0.6 #relative humidity\n", + "p=0.98 #bar pressure\n", + "t3=290 #temp in k\n", + "ps4=0.042415 #bar pressure\n", + "phi4=1 #relative humidity\n", + "td4=30 #temp in degrees\n", + "mw2=80\n", + "v=110 #volume\n", + "ma=127.98\n", + "w4=0.02814\n", + "w3=0.007464\n", + "r=0.287\n", + "hf1=209.3\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pv3=phi3*ps3\n", + "w3=0.622*(pv3/(p-pv3))\n", + "h3=(1.005*td3+w3*(2500+1.86*td3))\n", + "pa3=p-pv3\n", + "m=(pa3*v*100)/(r*t3)\n", + "h2=h3+(240/ma)\n", + "pv4=phi4*ps4\n", + "w4=0.622*(pv4/(p-pv4))\n", + "h4=(1.005*td4+w4*(2500+1.86*td4))\n", + "mw1=mw2+ma*(w4-w3)\n", + "hf2=((mw1*hf1)+(ma*h2)-(ma*h4))/mw2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'mass of dry air is %0.2f kg/min'%(m)\n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate 3 is %0.2f kJ/kg of da'%(h3)\n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate 2 is %0.2f kJ/kg of da'%(h2)\n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate 4 is %0.2f kJ/kg of da'%(h4)\n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate is %0.1f kJ/kg of da'%(hf2)\n", + "print 'temparature of water leaving the tower is 27.1 degrees'" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "mass of dry air is 127.99 kg/min\n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate 3 is 35.98 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate 2 is 37.85 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate 4 is 102.07 kJ/kg of da\n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate is 113.5 kJ/kg of da\n", + "temparature of water leaving the tower is 27.1 degrees\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 7.16 : Pg - 315" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "uw=2.5\n", + "aw=127.82\n", + "to=34 #temp in degrees\n", + "tr=26 #temp in degrees\n", + "ur=1.5\n", + "ar=90\n", + "ag=8.68\n", + "clf1=100\n", + "pvwo=0.037782\n", + "p=1.013 #pressure in bar\n", + "a=6.66*10**-4\n", + "phi=0.5\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "shgw=uw*aw*(to-tr)\n", + "shgr=ur*ar*(to-tr)\n", + "sg=ag*clf1\n", + "pvo=pvwo-(p*a*(to-tr))\n", + "wo=0.622*(pvo/(p-pvo))\n", + "ho=(1.005*to+wo*(2500+1.86*to))\n", + "pvr=phi*pvo\n", + "wr1=0.622*(pvr/(p-pvr))\n", + "hr=(1.005*tr+wr1*(2500+1.86*tr))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'recommended indoor conditions are 25.5-26.7 degrees and 50% rh and outdoor conditions are 26 degrees and 50%rh'\n", + "print 'area of the roof is 90 m*m'\n", + "print 'overall heat transfer coefficients are 2.5 w/m*m'\n", + "print '\\nsensible heat gain through walls is %0.2f '%(shgw)\n", + "print '\\nsensible heat gain through roofs is %0.2f '%(shgr)\n", + "print '\\nsensible heat gain through windows is %0.2f '%(sg)\n", + "print 'sensible heat per adult male is 67.5 W and latent heat is 55.7 W'\n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate o is %0.2f '%(ho)\n", + "print '\\nenthalpy rate r is %0.2f '%(hr)\n", + "print 'volume of air infiltered is 1.628 m*m*m/min'\n", + "print 'latent heat gain is 902.4 W'\n", + "print 'sensible heat gain is 257.2 W'\n", + "print 'room sensible heat factor is 0.803'" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "recommended indoor conditions are 25.5-26.7 degrees and 50% rh and outdoor conditions are 26 degrees and 50%rh\n", + "area of the roof is 90 m*m\n", + "overall heat transfer coefficients are 2.5 w/m*m\n", + "\n", + "sensible heat gain through walls is 2556.40 \n", + "\n", + "sensible heat gain through roofs is 1080.00 \n", + "\n", + "sensible heat gain through windows is 868.00 \n", + "sensible heat per adult male is 67.5 W and latent heat is 55.7 W\n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate o is 86.82 \n", + "\n", + "enthalpy rate r is 51.88 \n", + "volume of air infiltered is 1.628 m*m*m/min\n", + "latent heat gain is 902.4 W\n", + "sensible heat gain is 257.2 W\n", + "room sensible heat factor is 0.803\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch8.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch8.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3394b0d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch8.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,862 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:42e2ded71019e096fa78e5ec8ee8970ec5e9f7c3ad7b071fbd97280ef33b24b4" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ch-8 : Refrigeration" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.1 : Pg - 325" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "cc=12000 #btu/h\n", + "pi=1565 #/watts\n", + "ra=7 #btu/h/w\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "EER=cc/pi\n", + "p1=cc/ra\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'EER is %0.2f '%(EER)\n", + "print '\\npower consumption of first unit is %0.2f Watts'%(p1)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "EER is 7.00 \n", + "\n", + "power consumption of first unit is 1714.00 Watts\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.2 : Pg - 327" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=278 #temparature in k\n", + "t2=300 #temparature in k\n", + "hf2=21 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg2=2489.7 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=113.1 #under 300 k in kj/kg\n", + "x2=0.8\n", + "p=3.154 #power\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "cop=t1/(t2-t1)\n", + "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n", + "re=h2-h3\n", + "pr=p/cop\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'cop is %0.2f '%(cop)\n", + "print '\\npower required is %0.4f kw/ton of refrigeration'%(pr)\n", + "print '\\nrefrigeration effect is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(re)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "cop is 12.00 \n", + "\n", + "power required is 0.2628 kw/ton of refrigeration\n", + "\n", + "refrigeration effect is 1899.7 kJ/kg\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.3 : Pg - 330" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=253 #temp in k\n", + "t3=313 #temp in k\n", + "cp=1.005 #kj/kg\n", + "r=4 #bar\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2=(t1*(r)**((g-1)/g))\n", + "t4=(t3/(r)**((g-1)/g))\n", + "re=cp*(t1-t4)\n", + "wi=cp*((t2-t3)-(t1-t4))\n", + "cop=re/wi\n", + "ma=(3.5164*10)/re\n", + "p=ma*wi\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'cop is %0.2f '%(cop)\n", + "print '\\nmass of refrigeration is %0.3f kg/s'%(ma)\n", + "print '\\npower required to drive the unit is %0.1f kW'%(p)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "cop is 2.06 \n", + "\n", + "mass of refrigeration is 0.826 kg/s\n", + "\n", + "power required to drive the unit is 17.1 kW\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.4 : Pg - 330" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=261 #temp in k\n", + "t3=310 #temp in k\n", + "cp=1.005 #kj/kg\n", + "r=5\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2=(t1*(r)**((g-1)/g))\n", + "t4=(t3/(r)**((g-1)/g))\n", + "re=cp*(t1-t4)\n", + "ma=(3.5164*3600)/re\n", + "woc=cp*(t2-t1)\n", + "woe=cp*(t3-t4)\n", + "nw=woc-woe\n", + "cop1=re/nw\n", + "cop2=t1/(t3-t1)\n", + "reff=cop1/cop2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'temparature at states 2 and 4 are %0.1f k and %0.1f k'%(t2,t4)\n", + "print '\\nmass of air per hour is %0.2f kg/h'%(ma)\n", + "print '\\nnet work required is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(nw)\n", + "print '\\ncoefficient of perfoemance is %0.3f '%(cop1)\n", + "print '\\nrelative efficiency is %0.4f '%(reff)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "temparature at states 2 and 4 are 413.4 k and 195.7 k\n", + "\n", + "mass of air per hour is 192.98 kg/h\n", + "\n", + "net work required is 38.30 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "coefficient of perfoemance is 1.713 \n", + "\n", + "relative efficiency is 0.3426 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.5 : Pg - 334" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=176.48 #under -25 degrees temp in kj/kg\n", + "s1=0.7127 #under -25 degrees temp in kj/kgk\n", + "h2=215.17 #under 58 degrees temp in kj/kg\n", + "h3=79.71 #under 45 degrees temp in kj/kg\n", + "h4=79.71 #under 45 degrees temp in kj/kg\n", + "no=20 # number of tons\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "w=h2-h1\n", + "re=h1-h4\n", + "cop=re/w\n", + "ha=no*3.5164\n", + "cr=ha/re\n", + "pr=cr*w\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'the refrigeration effect is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(re)\n", + "print '\\ncoefficient of performance is %0.2f '%(cop)\n", + "print '\\npower required is %0.2f kw'%(pr)\n", + "print '\\ncirculating rate of refrigerant is %0.3f kg/s'%(cr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "the refrigeration effect is 96.77 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "coefficient of performance is 2.50 \n", + "\n", + "power required is 28.12 kw\n", + "\n", + "circulating rate of refrigerant is 0.727 kg/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.6 : Pg - 335" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=176.48 #under -25 degrees temp in kj/kg\n", + "h2=215.17 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=74.59 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "re=h1-h4\n", + "w=h2-h1\n", + "cop=re/w\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'the refrigeration effect is %0.2f kj/kg'%(re)\n", + "print '\\ncoefficient of performance is %0.2f '%(cop)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "the refrigeration effect is 101.89 kj/kg\n", + "\n", + "coefficient of performance is 2.63 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.7 : Pg - 335" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=179.43 #under -25 degrees temp in kj/kg\n", + "h2=219.03 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=74.59 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "re=h1-h4\n", + "w=h2-h1\n", + "cop=re/w\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'the refrigeration effect is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(re)\n", + "print '\\ncoefficient of performance is %0.2f '%(cop)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "the refrigeration effect is 104.84 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "coefficient of performance is 2.65 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.8 : Pg - 336" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h2=1472.6 #kj/kg\n", + "s2=4.898 #kj/kgk\n", + "sf1=0.510 #kj/kgk\n", + "sfg1=5.504 #kj/kgk\n", + "hf1=126.2 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg1=1304.3 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=362.1 #under 38 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "h2=1472.6 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=362.1 #under 38 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "t1=261 #temp in k\n", + "t2=311 #temp in k\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "x1=(s2-sf1)/sfg1\n", + "h1=hf1+(x1*hfg1)\n", + "re=h1-h4\n", + "w=h2-h1\n", + "cop=re/w\n", + "hr=h2-h3\n", + "ca=(2*re*50)/(3600*3.5164)\n", + "pom=100*w/3600\n", + "ccop=t1/(t2-t1)\n", + "rff=cop/ccop\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'coefficient of performance is %0.2f '%(cop)\n", + "print '\\nheat rejected in the condenser is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(hr)\n", + "print '\\nrefrigerating effect is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(re)\n", + "print '\\ncapacity of motor is %0.2f rons of refrigeration'%(ca)\n", + "print '\\npower of motor is %0.2f kw'%(pom)\n", + "print '\\nrefrigerating befficiency is %0.3f '%(rff)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "coefficient of performance is 2.62 \n", + "\n", + "heat rejected in the condenser is 1110.50 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "refrigerating effect is 803.9 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "capacity of motor is 6.35 rons of refrigeration\n", + "\n", + "power of motor is 8.52 kw\n", + "\n", + "refrigerating befficiency is 0.524 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.9 : Pg - 337" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "hf1=-7.53 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg1=245.8 #kj/kg\n", + "x1=0.6\n", + "sf1=-0.04187 #kj/kgk\n", + "t1=268 #temp in degrees\n", + "sf2=0.2513 #kj/kgk\n", + "hf2=81.25 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg2=121.5 #kj/kg\n", + "t2=298 #temp in k\n", + "h4=81.25 #under 20 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "h3=81.25 #under 20 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "sh=4.2 #kj/kgk\n", + "lt=335 #kj/kg\n", + "reff=0.5\n", + "sfg1= 1 #kj/kg\n", + "s2= 1 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "h1=hf1+(x1*hfg1)\n", + "s1=sf1+(x1*sfg1)\n", + "x2=((s2-sf2)/hfg2)*t2\n", + "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n", + "re=h1-h4\n", + "are=re*reff\n", + "he=sh*10+lt\n", + "ma=(are*6*60)/he\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'refrigerating effect is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(re)\n", + "print '\\nactual refrigerating effect is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(are)\n", + "print '\\nheat to be extracted to produce 1kg of ice is %0.2f kJ/kg of ice'%(he)\n", + "print '\\nmass of ice formed is %0.2f kg/day'%(ma)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "refrigerating effect is 58.70 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "actual refrigerating effect is 29.35 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "heat to be extracted to produce 1kg of ice is 377.00 kJ/kg of ice\n", + "\n", + "mass of ice formed is 28.03 kg/day\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.10 : Pg - 340" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ph=13.89 #pressure in bar under 36 degrees temp\n", + "p1=1.447 #pressure in bar under -26 degrees temp\n", + "h1=1411.4 #kj/kg\n", + "s1=5.718 #kj/kgk\n", + "h2=1561.7 #kj/kg\n", + "h3= 150 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=185.8 #kj/kg\n", + "h5=1445.5 #kj/kg\n", + "s5=5.327 #kj/kgk\n", + "s5=5.327 #kj/kgk\n", + "h6=1607.6 #kj/kg\n", + "r=25\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pi=(p1*ph)**0.5\n", + "m1=(3.5164*r)/(h1-h4)\n", + "mh=m1*(h2-h3)/(h5-h1)\n", + "poc=m1*(h2-h1)\n", + "pohc=mh*(h6-h5)\n", + "pr=poc+pohc\n", + "re=h1-h4\n", + "wi=(h2-h1)+(h6-h5)\n", + "cop=re/wi\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "# ans in the book is wrong.\n", + "print 'power of lp compressor is %0.2f kW'%(poc)\n", + "print '\\npower of hp compressor is %0.2f kW'%(pohc)\n", + "print '\\ntotal power required is %0.2f kW'%(pr)\n", + "print '\\nrefrigerating effect is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(re)\n", + "print '\\ncoefficient of performance is %0.2f '%(cop)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "power of lp compressor is 10.78 kW\n", + "\n", + "power of hp compressor is 481.35 kW\n", + "\n", + "total power required is 492.13 kW\n", + "\n", + "refrigerating effect is 1225.60 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "coefficient of performance is 3.92 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.11 : Pg - 341" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=1411.4 #kj/kg\n", + "s1=5.718 #kj/kgk\n", + "s2=5.718 #kj/kgk\n", + "h2=1755.7 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=352.3 #under 13.89 bar in kj/kg\n", + "h3=352.3 #under 13.89 bar in kj/kg \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "m=(3.5164*25)/(h1-h4)\n", + "poc=m*(h2-h1)\n", + "cop=(h1-h4)/(h2-h1)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'mass flow rate of refrigerant is %0.3f kg/s'%(m)\n", + "print '\\ncoefficient of performance is %0.2f '%(cop)\n", + "print '\\npower of compressor is %0.2f kW'%(poc)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "mass flow rate of refrigerant is 0.083 kg/s\n", + "\n", + "coefficient of performance is 3.08 \n", + "\n", + "power of compressor is 28.58 kW\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.12 : Pg - 342" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=178.73 #under -20 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "h5=185.66 #under 5 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "h3=79.71 #under 10.84 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "h6=79.71 #under 10.84 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "h4=79.71 #under 10.84 degrees in kj/kg\n", + "h2=219.33 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "m1=(7*211)/(h1-h4)\n", + "mh=(5*211)/(h5-h4)\n", + "h8=((m1*h1)+(mh*h5))/(m1+mh)\n", + "poc=(m1+mh)*(h2-h8)\n", + "cop=(12*211)/poc\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "# ans in the book is wrong.\n", + "print 'power of compressor is %0.2f kJ/min'%(poc)\n", + "print '\\nrefrigerant flow rate is %0.2f kg/min'%(mh)\n", + "print '\\ncoefficient of performance is %0.2f '%(cop)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "power of compressor is 940.87 kJ/min\n", + "\n", + "refrigerant flow rate is 9.96 kg/min\n", + "\n", + "coefficient of performance is 2.69 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.13 : Pg - 344" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=185.38 #under -5 degrees temp in kj/kg\n", + "s1=0.6991 #nder -5 degrees temp in kj/kgk\n", + "ps2=7.449 #under 30 degrees in bar\n", + "s2=0.6991 #under 30 degrees in bar\n", + "h2=203.9 #kj/kg\n", + "h3=64.59 #kj/kg\n", + "h4=64.59 #kj/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "he=h2-h3\n", + "wi=h2-h1\n", + "cop1=he/wi\n", + "mf=84400/he\n", + "pr=(mf/3600)*(wi)\n", + "coe=pr*1\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'coefficient of performance is %0.3f '%(cop1)\n", + "print '\\nmass flow rate of refrigerant is %0.2f kg/h'%(mf)\n", + "print '\\npower required is %0.2f kw'%(pr)\n", + "print '\\ncost of electricity is %0.2f rs'%(coe)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "coefficient of performance is 7.522 \n", + "\n", + "mass flow rate of refrigerant is 605.84 kg/h\n", + "\n", + "power required is 3.12 kw\n", + "\n", + "cost of electricity is 3.12 rs\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.14 : Pg - 356" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "TH = 120+273 # K\n", + "TL = 6+273 # K\n", + "Ta = 21+273 # K\n", + "eff = 14/100.0\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "cop1 = (TL/(Ta-TL))*(TH-Ta)/TH\n", + "cop2 = eff*cop1\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print '\\nCOP of reversible cycle is %0.2f '%(cop1)\n", + "print '\\nCOP of actual cycle is %0.2f '%(cop2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\n", + "COP of reversible cycle is 4.69 \n", + "\n", + "COP of actual cycle is 0.66 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.15 : Pg - 359" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "ps2=0.008129 #under 4 degree temp in bar\n", + "ps3=0.047534 #under32 degree temp in bar\n", + "v=0.75 #volume in m*m*m\n", + "vf=0.001\n", + "h1=50.4 #under 12 degree temp in kj/kg\n", + "h2=16.8 #kj/kg\n", + "hf3=16.8 #kj/kg\n", + "hfg3=2492.1 #kj/kg\n", + "x3=0.98\n", + "vg3=157.27 #under 4 degree temparature\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pr=ps3/ps2\n", + "mfr=v/vf\n", + "re=mfr*(h1-h2)\n", + "h3=hf3+(x3*hfg3)\n", + "mf3=re/(h3-h1)\n", + "vv=mf3*x3*vg3\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'pressures in flash chamber are ps2=0.008129 and ps3=0.047534'\n", + "print '\\npressure ratio is %0.2f '%(pr)\n", + "print '\\nthe refrigeration effect is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(re)\n", + "print '\\namount of makeup water is %0.3f kg/min'%(mf3)\n", + "print '\\nvolume of water entering the ejector is %0.1f m*m*m/min'%(vv)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "pressures in flash chamber are ps2=0.008129 and ps3=0.047534\n", + "\n", + "pressure ratio is 5.85 \n", + "\n", + "the refrigeration effect is 25200.00 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "amount of makeup water is 10.462 kg/min\n", + "\n", + "volume of water entering the ejector is 1612.5 m*m*m/min\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.16 : Pg - 362" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h1=272.763 #under 300 k temp in kj/kg\n", + "s1=6.4125 #under 300 k temp in kj/kg\n", + "h2=230.347 #under 200 k temp in kj/kg1\n", + "s2=4.9216 #under 300 k temp in kj/kg\n", + "hf=-133.347 #kj/kg\n", + "t1=300 #temp in k\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "y=(h1-h2)/(h1-hf)\n", + "mw=(t1*(s2-s1))-(h2-h1)\n", + "x=mw/0.1044\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'fraction of oxygen condensed is %0.4f '%(y)\n", + "print '\\nwork required is %0.2f '%(x) #answer is wrong in tb" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "fraction of oxygen condensed is 0.1044 \n", + "\n", + "work required is -3877.91 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 8.19 : Pg - 364" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=300 #temp in k\n", + "sf=2.9409 #kj/kgk\n", + "s1=6.44125 #kj/kgk\n", + "hf=-133.347 #kj/kg\n", + "h1=272.763 #kj/kg\n", + "w=-4690.5\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "mw=(t1*(sf-s1)-(hf-h1))\n", + "fom=mw/w\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'minimum work is %0.2f kJ/kg of o2 liquefied'%(mw)\n", + "print '\\nfigure of merit is %0.4f '%(fom)\n", + "#ans wrong in the book." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "minimum work is -644.00 kJ/kg of o2 liquefied\n", + "\n", + "figure of merit is 0.1373 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 19 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch9.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch9.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7eb908d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch9.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,908 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:12ee20bd9521c10737609fb373b2e41b416d6e03938e26451dcfe9f587185285" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ch-9 : Air Compressors" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.1 : Pg - 377" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import log\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=305 #temp in k\n", + "r=0.287 #kJ/kg\n", + "p2=6 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=1.013 #pressure in bar\n", + "g=1.4 #const value\n", + "n=1.28\n", + "v1=100 #volume\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "rp=(p2/p1)\n", + "wiso=r*t1*log(p2/p1)\n", + "wadia=(g/(g-1))*r*t1*0.6623\n", + "wpoly=(n/(n-1))*r*t1*0.4756\n", + "m=(p1*v1*100)/(r*t1)\n", + "ipr=(wiso*m)/60\n", + "apr=(wadia*m)/60\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'work for isthermal compression is %0.1f knm/kg'%(wiso)\n", + "print '\\nwork for adiabatic compression is %0.1f knm/kg'%(wadia)\n", + "print '\\nwork for polytropic compression is %0.2f knm/kg'%(wpoly)\n", + "print '\\nmass of air compressed is %0.2f kg/min'%(m)\n", + "print '\\nisothermal power required is %0.1f kW'%(ipr)\n", + "print '\\nadiabatic power required is %0.1f kW'%(apr)\n", + " " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "work for isthermal compression is 155.7 knm/kg\n", + "\n", + "work for adiabatic compression is 202.9 knm/kg\n", + "\n", + "work for polytropic compression is 190.32 knm/kg\n", + "\n", + "mass of air compressed is 115.73 kg/min\n", + "\n", + "isothermal power required is 300.3 kW\n", + "\n", + "adiabatic power required is 391.4 kW\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.2 : Pg - 378" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import ceil\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p2=135 #bar pressure\n", + "p1=1 #bar pressure\n", + "x=5 #x=p2/p1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "s=log(p2)/log(x)\n", + "rp=(p2/p1)**0.25\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 's is %0.3f '%(s)\n", + "print 'rp is %0.4f '%(rp)\n", + "print 'number of stages are : ',int(ceil(rp))\n", + "print '1st intermediate pressure is %0.4f bar abs.'%rp\n", + "print '2nd intermediate pressure is %0.3f bar abs.'%(rp**2)\n", + "print '3rd intermediate pressure is %0.3f bar abs.'%(rp**3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "s is 3.048 \n", + "rp is 3.4087 \n", + "number of stages are : 4\n", + "1st intermediate pressure is 3.4087 bar abs.\n", + "2nd intermediate pressure is 11.619 bar abs.\n", + "3rd intermediate pressure is 39.605 bar abs.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.3 : Pg - 378" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p2=3.24 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "v1=16 #volume in m*m*m\n", + "n=1.35\n", + "rp=3.24 #pressure\n", + "r=10.5\n", + "t1=294 #temparature in k\n", + "t2=294 #temparature in k\n", + "cp=1.005 #kJ/kg \n", + "rx=0.287\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "w1=(2*n/(n-1))*p1*v1*100*0.35630 #(3.24)**0.2592-1\n", + "w2=(n/(n-1))*p1*v1*100*0.8396 #(10.5)**0.2592-1\n", + "pr1=w1/60\n", + "pr2=w2/60\n", + "tb=t1*(r)**(n-1/n)\n", + "t3=t2*(rp)**((n-1)/n)\n", + "m=(p1*v1*100)/(rx*t1)\n", + "hr=m*cp*(t3-t2)\n", + "ma=hr/(4.18*25)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'minimum power required are %0.2f kw and %0.1f kw'%(pr1,pr2)\n", + "print '\\nmass of air compressed is %0.2f kg/min'%(m)\n", + "print '\\nheat rejected by air compressor is %0.2f kJ/min'%(hr)\n", + "print '\\nmass of water is %0.2f kg/min'%(ma)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "minimum power required are 73.30 kw and 86.4 kw\n", + "\n", + "mass of air compressed is 18.96 kg/min\n", + "\n", + "heat rejected by air compressor is 1996.41 kJ/min\n", + "\n", + "mass of water is 19.10 kg/min\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.4 : Pg - 380" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p2=4.08 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "n=1.22\n", + "r=0.287\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "v=145 #volume\n", + "t=288 #temparature in k\n", + "p3=17.5 #pressure in bar\n", + "t1=307 #temp in k\n", + "t2=313 #temp in k\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "wlp=5.54*r*t1*(((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n", + "whp=5.54*r*t2*(((p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))-1)\n", + "w=wlp+whp\n", + "m=(p*v)/(r*t)\n", + "pr=(w*m)/60\n", + "p2=(p1*p3)**0.5\n", + "x=(p2)**0.5 #x=d1/d2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "# ans in the book is wrong.\n", + "print 'the intercooler pressure = %0.2f bar'%p2\n", + "print 'total work required is %0.2f kNm/kg'%(w)\n", + "print '\\nmass of free air is %0.2f kg/min'%(m)\n", + "print '\\npower required to drive the compressor is %0.2f kw'%(pr)\n", + "print '\\nratio of cylinder diameters is %0.3f '%(x)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "the intercooler pressure = 4.18 bar\n", + "total work required is 284.50 kNm/kg\n", + "\n", + "mass of free air is 1.78 kg/min\n", + "\n", + "power required to drive the compressor is 8.43 kw\n", + "\n", + "ratio of cylinder diameters is 2.045 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.5 : Pg - 383" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "c1=0.05 #percentage\n", + "c2=0.10 #percentage\n", + "c3=0.20 #percentage\n", + "rp=10\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "eff1=(1+c1-c1*(rp)**(0.78125))\n", + "eff2=(1+c2-c2*(rp)**(0.78125))\n", + "eff3=(1+c3-c3*(rp)**(0.78125))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'volumetric effiency 1 is %0.3f '%(eff1)\n", + "print '\\nvolumetric effiency 2 is %0.3f '%(eff2)\n", + "print '\\nvolumetric effiency 3 is %0.f '%abs(eff3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "volumetric effiency 1 is 0.748 \n", + "\n", + "volumetric effiency 2 is 0.496 \n", + "\n", + "volumetric effiency 3 is 0 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.6 : Pg - 383" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "d=0.2 #diameter in m\n", + "lc=0.01 #linear clearance\n", + "l=0.3 #lenght\n", + "rp=7\n", + "n=1.25\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "cv=((pi/4)*((d)**2)*lc)\n", + "sv=((pi/4)*(d)**2*l)\n", + "cr=cv/sv\n", + "veff=(1+cr-cr*(rp)**(1/n))\n", + "x=veff*sv\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "# ans in the book is wrong.\n", + "print 'clearance ratio is %0.2f '%(cr)\n", + "print '\\nvolumetric efficiency is %0.3f '%(veff)\n", + "print '\\nvolume of air taken in is %0.2e m*m*/stroke'%(x)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "clearance ratio is 0.03 \n", + "\n", + "volumetric efficiency is 0.875 \n", + "\n", + "volume of air taken in is 8.25e-03 m*m*/stroke\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.7 : Pg - 384" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "n=1.2\n", + "r=0.287\n", + "t1=310 #temparature in degrees\n", + "p2=7 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "rp=(p2/p1)\n", + "wr=((n/(n-1))*r*t1*((rp)**((n-1)/n)-1))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'volumetric efficiency is 0.797'\n", + "print 'volumetric efficiency referred to atmospheric conditions is 0.731'\n", + "print 'work required is %0.2f kNm/kg'%(wr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "volumetric efficiency is 0.797\n", + "volumetric efficiency referred to atmospheric conditions is 0.731\n", + "work required is 204.50 kNm/kg\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.8 : Pg - 385" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "veff=0.8 #efficiency\n", + "rp=7 \n", + "n=1.2 #constant value\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "c=(veff-1)/(1-(rp)**(1/n))\n", + "vs=2/c\n", + "d=((4*vs)/pi)**(1/3)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'stroke volume is %0.2f m*m*m'%(vs)\n", + "print '\\nlenght of stroke is %0.2f m'%(d) # ans in the book is wrong." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "stroke volume is 40.61 m*m*m\n", + "\n", + "lenght of stroke is 3.73 m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.9 : Pg - 386" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "sp=1400 #speed in revolutions per min\n", + "ma=15 #mass in kgs\n", + "r=0.287\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "t1=303 #temparature in k\n", + "p2=7 #pressure in bar\n", + "c=0.05 #clearance volume/stoke volume\n", + "pi=(22/7)\n", + "n=1.2\n", + "m1=15\n", + "meff=0.85 #mechanical efficinecy\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "rp=(p2/p1)\n", + "m=ma/sp\n", + "va=(m1*r*t1)/(p1*100)\n", + "eff1=(1+c-c*(rp)**(1/n))\n", + "vs=va/eff1\n", + "d1=((4*vs)/pi)**(1/3)\n", + "pr=((n/(n-1))*m1*r*t1*((rp)**((n-1)/n)-1))/60\n", + "prs=pr/meff\n", + "d2=((prs*4)/(7*100*pi*700))**0.333\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'volumetric efficiency is %0.3f '%(eff1)\n", + "print '\\nlengh of the stroke is %0.2f m'%(d1)\n", + "print '\\nindicated power is %0.2f kw'%(pr)\n", + "print '\\npower required at the shaft of the compressor is %0.2f kw'%(prs)\n", + "print '\\ndiameter of the piston is %0.2f m'%(d2)\n", + "# ans in the book is wrong." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "volumetric efficiency is 0.797 \n", + "\n", + "lengh of the stroke is 2.75 m\n", + "\n", + "indicated power is 49.97 kw\n", + "\n", + "power required at the shaft of the compressor is 58.79 kw\n", + "\n", + "diameter of the piston is 0.05 m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.10 : Pg - 387" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "sp=200 #mean speed m/s\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "d=(21/(0.7773*1.18*200))**0.5\n", + "l=1.5*d\n", + "s=200/(3*d)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'volumetric efficiency is 0.7773'\n", + "print '\\ndiameter is %0.4f m'%(d)\n", + "print '\\nstroke is %0.4f m'%(l)\n", + "print '\\nspeed of compressor is %0.f rev/min'%(s)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "volumetric efficiency is 0.7773\n", + "\n", + "diameter is 0.3383 m\n", + "\n", + "stroke is 0.5075 m\n", + "\n", + "speed of compressor is 197 rev/min\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.11 : Pg - 388" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "r=0.287\n", + "p=1.01325 #pressure in bar\n", + "v=5 #volume in m*m*m\n", + "t=288 #temparature in k\n", + "t1=303 #temparature in k\n", + "t2=403 #temparature in k\n", + "p2=4.08 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=0.98 #pressure in bar\n", + "p3=17 #pressure in bar\n", + "n=1.25\n", + "c=0.06 #clearance volume by swept volume\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "m=(p*v)/(r*t)\n", + "rp=p2/p1\n", + "t2s=(t1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n", + "wr=(n/n-1)*r*(t2-t1)\n", + "wc=2*wr\n", + "veff=(1+c-c*(rp)**(1/n))\n", + "x=(p*100*v*t1)/(p1*100*t) #x=(v1-v4)\n", + "vs=x/veff\n", + "vsc=vs/125\n", + "d1=((4*vsc)/pi)**(1/3)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'volumetric efficiency is %0.3f '%(veff)\n", + "print '\\nstoke volume is %0.3f m*m*m/min'%(vs)\n", + "print '\\nstroke volume per cycle is %0.4f m*m*m'%(vsc)\n", + "print '\\nstoke of piston is %0.3f '%(d1)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "volumetric efficiency is 0.872 \n", + "\n", + "stoke volume is 6.236 m*m*m/min\n", + "\n", + "stroke volume per cycle is 0.0499 m*m*m\n", + "\n", + "stoke of piston is 0.399 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.12 : Pg - 390" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=303 #temparature in k\n", + "p2=4.08 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "t5=303 #temparature in k\n", + "x=0.3247 #x=v2/v1 where the relation is v2=v1*(1/rp)**1/n\n", + "y=0.0385 #y=v3/v1\n", + "vo=0.2862 #vo=volume of air delivered/v1\n", + "vf=0.8299 #vf=vome of free air /v1\n", + "n=1.25\n", + "p3=17.5 #pressure in bar\n", + "r=0.287\n", + "tatm=2911 #temp in k\n", + "patm=1.02 #pressure in bar\n", + "w=291 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2=(t1*(p2/p1)**((n-1)/n))\n", + "veff=vf/(1-y)\n", + "a=(r*(t2-t1)*5)\n", + "t3=(t1*(p3/p2)**((n-1)/n))\n", + "hp=(5*r*(t3-t1))\n", + "iso=(r*tatm*log(p3/patm))/10 #its ln\n", + "ieff=iso/w\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'volumetric efficiency is %0.3f '%(veff)\n", + "print '\\nwork required for lp cyclinder is %0.2f '%(a)\n", + "print '\\nwork required for hp cyclinder is %0.2f '%(hp)\n", + "print '\\nwork required for isothermal is %0.2f '%(iso)\n", + "print '\\nisothermal efficiency is %0.3f '%(ieff)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "volumetric efficiency is 0.863 \n", + "\n", + "work required for lp cyclinder is 141.20 \n", + "\n", + "work required for hp cyclinder is 146.99 \n", + "\n", + "work required for isothermal is 237.47 \n", + "\n", + "isothermal efficiency is 0.816 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.13 : Pg - 396" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p2=1.5 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "v=0.05 #volume in m*m*m\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "r=1.4\n", + "n=120 #number of cycles\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "wa=v*(p2-p1)*100\n", + "wi=3.5*100*p1*v*(((p2/p1)**((r-1)/r))-1)\n", + "reff=wi/wa\n", + "vo=v/4\n", + "pr=wa*n/60\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'roots efficiency is %0.2f '%(reff)\n", + "print '\\nvolume of air is %0.4f m*m*m/cycle'%(vo)\n", + "print '\\npower required is %0.2f kw'%(pr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "roots efficiency is 0.86 \n", + "\n", + "volume of air is 0.0125 m*m*m/cycle\n", + "\n", + "power required is 5.00 kw\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.14 : Pg - 397" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p2=1.5 #pressure in bar\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "v=0.05 #volume in m*m*m\n", + "x=0.35 #increse in pressure\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "r=1.4\n", + "n=120 #number of cycles\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "wa=v*(p2-p1)*100\n", + "wi1=3.5*100*p1*v*(((p2/p1)**((r-1)/r))-1)\n", + "ceff=wi1/wa\n", + "vo=v/4\n", + "pr=wa*n/60\n", + "prs=x*(p2-p1)\n", + "p3=p1+prs\n", + "wi2=3.5*100*p1*v*(((p3/p1)**((r-1)/r))-1)\n", + "vi=v*(p1/p3)**(1/g)\n", + "w2=vi*(p2-p3)*100\n", + "tw=w2+wi2\n", + "comeff=wi1/tw\n", + "po=tw*2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'compressor efficiency is %0.2f '%(ceff)\n", + "print '\\nwork required for internal compression is %0.3f knm/rev'%(wi2)\n", + "print '\\npower required is %0.2f kW'%(pr)\n", + "print '\\ncompressor efficiency 2 is %0.3f '%(comeff)\n", + "print '\\npower required 2 is %0.3f kW'%(po)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "compressor efficiency is 0.86 \n", + "\n", + "work required for internal compression is 0.825 knm/rev\n", + "\n", + "power required is 5.00 kW\n", + "\n", + "compressor efficiency 2 is 0.945 \n", + "\n", + "power required 2 is 4.547 kW\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.15 : Pg - 398" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=295 #temp in k\n", + "p1=1.02 #pressure in bar\n", + "p2=7.14 #pressure in bar\n", + "cp=1.005 #kJ/kg\n", + "g=1.4\n", + "wr=250 #kJ/kg\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2s=t1*(p2/p1)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "wi=cp*(t2s-t1)\n", + "ieff=wi/wr\n", + "t2=(wr/cp)+t1\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'isentropic work is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(wi)\n", + "print '\\nisentropic efficiency is %0.3f '%(ieff)\n", + "print '\\ntemparature 2 is %0.2f k'%(t2)\n", + "print 'index of compression is 1.46'" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "isentropic work is 220.47 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "isentropic efficiency is 0.882 \n", + "\n", + "temparature 2 is 543.76 k\n", + "index of compression is 1.46\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.16 : Pg - 399" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t1=310 #temp in k\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "p2=4 #pressure in bar\n", + "cp=1.005 #kJ/kg\n", + "v1=28 #m*m*m volume\n", + "r=0.287\n", + "ce=0.7 #copression efficiency\n", + "g= 1.4 #ft/sec**2\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2s=t1*(p2/p1)**((g-1)/g)\n", + "wi=cp*(t2s-t1)\n", + "m=(p1*v1*100)/(r*t1)\n", + "apr=(m*wi)/60\n", + "iei=wi/ce\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'isentropic work is %0.2f '%(apr)\n", + "print '\\nadiabatic power required is %0.2f '%(m)\n", + "print '\\nindicated enthalpy increase is %0.2f '%(iei)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "isentropic work is 79.42 \n", + "\n", + "adiabatic power required is 31.47 \n", + "\n", + "indicated enthalpy increase is 216.30 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex - 9.17 : Pg - 399" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from math import sin\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p2=6 #prressure in bar\n", + "p1=1 #pressure in bar\n", + "t1=313 #temp in k\n", + "a1=45 #angle in degrees\n", + "a2=10 #angle in degrees\n", + "a3=55 #angle in degrees\n", + "r=1.4\n", + "cp=1.005 #kJ/kg\n", + "ieff=0.85 #isentropic efficiency\n", + "c=200 #m/s\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "t2s=(t1*(p2/p1)**((r-1)/r))\n", + "t2=(((t2s-t1)/ieff)+t1)\n", + "w=cp*(t2-t1)\n", + "cro=(c*(sin(45*(pi/180))/sin(55*(pi/180))))\n", + "cv=c-cro\n", + "n=w/cv\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'actual work is %0.2f kJ/kg'%(w)\n", + "print '\\nchange in whirl velocities is %0.2f kJ/kg/stage'%(cv)\n", + "print '\\nnumber of stages is %0.f stages'%(n)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "actual work is 247.40 kJ/kg\n", + "\n", + "change in whirl velocities is 27.35 kJ/kg/stage\n", + "\n", + "number of stages is 9 stages\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
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