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authorkinitrupti2017-05-12 18:40:35 +0530
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+{
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "#3: X-ray Diffraction"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "##Example number 3.1, Page number 3.9"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 5,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "wavelength of X-rays is 0.08496 nm\n",
+ "answer varies due to rounding off errors\n",
+ "when theta=90, maximum order of diffraction possible is 7\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "d=0.313; #lattice spacing(m)\n",
+ "theta=7+(48/60); #angle(degrees)\n",
+ "n=1;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "theta=theta*math.pi/180; #angle(radian)\n",
+ "lamda=2*d*math.sin(theta)/n; #wavelength of X-rays(nm)\n",
+ "#when theta=90\n",
+ "n=2*d/lamda; #maximum order of diffraction possible\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"wavelength of X-rays is\",round(lamda,5),\"nm\"\n",
+ "print \"answer varies due to rounding off errors\"\n",
+ "print \"when theta=90, maximum order of diffraction possible is\",int(n)"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "##Example number 3.2, Page number 3.10"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 9,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "interatomic spacing is 2.67 angstrom\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "lamda=1.5418; #wavelength(angstrom)\n",
+ "theta=30; #angle(degrees)\n",
+ "n=1; #first order\n",
+ "h=1;\n",
+ "k=1;\n",
+ "l=1;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "theta=theta*math.pi/180; #angle(radian)\n",
+ "d=n*lamda/(2*math.sin(theta)); \n",
+ "a=d*math.sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2); #interatomic spacing(angstrom)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"interatomic spacing is\",round(a,2),\"angstrom\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "##Example number 3.3, Page number 3.10"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 16,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "glancing angle is 21 degrees\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "d100=0.28; #spacing(nm)\n",
+ "lamda=0.071; #wavelength of X rays(nm)\n",
+ "n=2; #second order\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "d110=round(d100/math.sqrt(2),3); #spacing(nm)\n",
+ "x=n*lamda/(2*d110);\n",
+ "theta=math.asin(x); #glancing angle(radian)\n",
+ "theta=theta*180/math.pi; #glancing angle(degrees)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"glancing angle is\",int(theta),\"degrees\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "##Example number 3.4, Page number 3.11"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 24,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "distance between planes is 0.27 nm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "a=0.38; #lattice constant(nm)\n",
+ "h=1;\n",
+ "k=1;\n",
+ "l=0;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "d=a/math.sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2); #distance between planes(nm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"distance between planes is\",round(d,2),\"nm\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "##Example number 3.5, Page number 3.11"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 27,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "glancing angle is 32.0 degrees\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration\n",
+ "a=0.19; #lattice constant(nm)\n",
+ "h=1;\n",
+ "k=1;\n",
+ "l=1;\n",
+ "lamda=0.058; #wavelength of X rays(nm)\n",
+ "n=2; #second order\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "d=a/math.sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2); #distance between planes(nm)\n",
+ "x=n*lamda/(2*d);\n",
+ "theta=math.asin(x); #glancing angle(radian)\n",
+ "theta=theta*180/math.pi; #glancing angle(degrees)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"glancing angle is\",round(theta),\"degrees\""
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Python 2",
+ "language": "python",
+ "name": "python2"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "codemirror_mode": {
+ "name": "ipython",
+ "version": 2
+ },
+ "file_extension": ".py",
+ "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+ "name": "python",
+ "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+ "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+ "version": "2.7.9"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}