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-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": "",

-  "signature": "sha256:8780f29f2ca7dbbe28306b63f91de121a8fdfb0cc3c24c326256cd5a0309b1ed"

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter8-Entropy"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example1 pg- 131"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#calculate and entropy of ice and environment and universe\n",

-      "##initialisation of variables\n",

-      "m= 2 ##kg\n",

-      "dh= 333.39 ##kg/h\n",

-      "T= 0 ##C\n",

-      "T1= 20 ##C\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "Q12= m*dh\n",

-      "dS= Q12/(273.15+T)\n",

-      "dSenvir= -Q12/(273.15+T1)\n",

-      "dStotal= dS+dSenvir\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.3f %s'%(' entropy of ice =',dS,'kJ/K')\n",

-      "print'%s %.3f %s'%('entropy of environment =',dSenvir,'kJ/K')\n",

-      "print'%s %.3f %s'%('entropy of universe =',dStotal,'kJ/K')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        " entropy of ice = 2.441 kJ/K\n",

-        "entropy of environment = -2.275 kJ/K\n",

-        "entropy of universe = 0.167 kJ/K\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example2-pg132"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate change in entropy in system and environment and entropy\n",

-      "##initialisation of variables\n",

-      "Q= 666.78 ##kJ\n",

-      "T= 0 ##C\n",

-      "Th= 20. ##C\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "Ssys= Q/(273.15+T)\n",

-      "Qh= Q*((273.15+Th)/(273.15+T))\n",

-      "Senvir= -Qh/(273.15+Th)\n",

-      "Stotal= Ssys+Senvir\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.4f %s'%('change in entropy in sysytem =',Ssys,' kJ/K')\n",

-      "print'%s %.4f %s'%('change in entropy in environment =',Senvir,'kJ/K')\n",

-      "print'%s %.f %s'%('total change in entropy =',Stotal,'kJ/K')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "change in entropy in sysytem = 2.4411  kJ/K\n",

-        "change in entropy in environment = -2.4411 kJ/K\n",

-        "total change in entropy = 0 kJ/K\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example3-pg134\n"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#calculate change in entropy\n",

-      "##initialisation of variables\n",

-      "S1= 6.2872 ##J/kg K\n",

-      "S2= 5.8712 ##J/kg K\n",

-      "m= 18 ##kg\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "S= m*(S1-S2)\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.3f %s'%(' change in entropy =',S,'kJ/K')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        " change in entropy = 7.488 kJ/K\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 3

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example4-pg 134"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#calculate change in entropy\n",

-      "##initialisation of variables\n",

-      "S2= 5.8328 ##kJ/kg\n",

-      "S1= 5.8712 ##kJ/kg\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "S= S2-S1\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.5f %s'%('change in entropy = ',S,'kJ/K')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "change in entropy =  -0.03840 kJ/K\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example5-pg135"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate enthalpy and change in entropy\n",

-      "##initialisation of variables\n",

-      "m= 0.1 ##kg\n",

-      "p= 3 ##bar\n",

-      "p1= 10 ##bar\n",

-      "h1= 2964.3 ##kJ/kg\n",

-      "v1=0.2378\n",

-      "s2= 7.1619 ##kJ/k\n",

-      "s1= 6.9641 ##kJ/k\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "h2= h1+(p-p1)*math.pow(10,5)*v1*math.pow(10,-3)\n",

-      "S= m*(s2-s1)\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.1f %s'%(' enthalpy =',h2,'kJ/kg')\n",

-      "print'%s %.5f %s'%('change in entropy =',S,'kJ/K')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        " enthalpy = 2797.8 kJ/kg\n",

-        "change in entropy = 0.01978 kJ/K\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example6-pg 137"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#calculate final pressure and change in entropy\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "##initialisation of variables\n",

-      "p1= 5. ##bar\n",

-      "V1= 0.4 ##m^2\n",

-      "V2= 1.2 ##m^3\n",

-      "R= 8.314 ##J/mol K\n",

-      "M= 28.##gms\n",

-      "T1= 80.##C\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "p2= p1*(V1/V2)\n",

-      "S= R*math.log(V2/V1)/M\n",

-      "S1= S*p1*V1*100/((R/M)*(273.15+T1))\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.3f %s'%(' final pressure =',p2,'bar')\n",

-      "print'%s %.4f %s'% ('change in entropy =',S1,'kJ/kg K')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        " final pressure = 1.667 bar\n",

-        "change in entropy = 0.6222 kJ/kg K\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example7-pg 137"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#calculate heat and change in entropy of system and change in entropy of enironment\n",

-      "##initialisation of variables\n",

-      "R= 8.314 ##J/mol K\n",

-      "M= 29. ##gms\n",

-      "T= 400. ##K\n",

-      "p2= 1.6 ##bar\n",

-      "p1= 1. ##bar\n",

-      "Tenvir= 300. ##K\n",

-      "##CALCULATIONS\n",

-      "q= R*T*math.log(p2/p1)/M\n",

-      "S= -R*math.log(p2/p1)/M\n",

-      "Senvir= q/Tenvir\n",

-      "##RESULTS\n",

-      "print'%s %.1f %s'%('heat =',q,'kJ/kg')\n",

-      "print'%s %.4f %s'%('change in entropy of system=',S,'kJ/kg K')\n",

-      "print'%s %.4f %s'%('change in entropy of environment=',Senvir,'kJ/kg K')\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "heat = 53.9 kJ/kg\n",

-        "change in entropy of system= -0.1347 kJ/kg K\n",

-        "change in entropy of environment= 0.1797 kJ/kg K\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 7

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

-}
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