Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books

 A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_EAg6827.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_FWFi3lU.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_Goix5H9.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_VriTfiQ.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_Yq1Psz2.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_l9H0tzb.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_pYSKzNA.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10_zs7Ebyd.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_27AWa1S.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_47129pd.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_CGVC5S7.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_aM6HbOJ.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_elTomjM.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_hIH40hA.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_hfcwfMy.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11_rDaXznv.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_4CIoGBj.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_8Ha6SRC.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_BV4qq7W.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_DcqNS3a.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_GaxQomY.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_TWDQmEU.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_gYL8x2U.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12_pwlIEac.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_9Ph1wQl.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_H4ZXqG6.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_R7vvA9U.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_RJFpm9n.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_hdpf5pv.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_s7mmHTE.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_svi606z.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1_yZrBrGW.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_1u2hkaL.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_4iVYyIH.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_96qogp8.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_97bKbrn.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_KU6DQxX.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_WQAFWBB.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_kXmkQiI.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2_rMDgBlb.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_0Gpo8ij.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_1HFLVW3.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_Kef4wQi.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_MWqVgIK.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_QiNYdnt.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_ZOEnqWz.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_t8ZxgMJ.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3_yX7jRTL.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_12jIRAa.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_7TlydJM.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_9F6nz40.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Iv6UqxF.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_QznuUog.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_Tlme4Nt.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_kKbunDz.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4_kj2kQSj.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_ELZ4gfb.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_HmzPXBx.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_NsyjFuf.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_dQcqRqy.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_fpjVXLa.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_qEtyNEB.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_wOjIeEX.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5_zpdMjKp.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_4sTMSct.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_OaXeXza.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_OzarWlo.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_ZcykI2A.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_Ztedvce.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_hp8AaKa.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_j1y0oTK.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6_srj5dHs.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_7s2tMTN.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_9XJ7DgO.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_Kxvh43O.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_St5Khwo.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_XgCkEpd.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_YxJXxam.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_cYbOBPv.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7_wdE8t89.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_3OxJHIx.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_Bj4FcI7.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_GBeiA21.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_QSOQgt9.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_lwCA1i3.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_m8vzt2q.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_pYLCIKK.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8_yBBd5FI.ipynb
A  BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/screenshots/11.png
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter10_uTyvarI.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter11_j1rU3Z4.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter12_MsiPuok.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter13_Nvp3wKs.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter14_EldnQKR.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter1_wnjphci.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter2_MymLk0N.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter3_rTdfw6Q.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter4_OPOooLb.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter5_YkzzeVY.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter6_wKefPQQ.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/Chapter8_B0hDPyA.ipynb
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/screenshots/22_X7ip5yw.png
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/screenshots/33_mVM81ix.png
A  Solid_State_Physics_by_Dr._M._Arumugam/screenshots/44_gepd6Lu.png
A  sample_notebooks/nitinkumar/Chapter2.ipynb

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+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# 8: Semiconductor Physics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 1, Page number 8.19"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "number of electron hole pairs is 2.32 *10**16 per cubic metre\n",
+      "answer varies due to rounding off errors\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "ni1=2.5*10**19;    #number of electron hole pairs\n",
+    "T1=300;     #temperature(K)\n",
+    "Eg1=0.72*1.6*10**-19;    #energy gap(J)\n",
+    "k=1.38*10**-23;     #boltzmann constant\n",
+    "T2=310;    #temperature(K)\n",
+    "Eg2=1.12*1.6*10**-19;    #energy gap(J)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "x1=-Eg1/(2*k*T1);\n",
+    "y1=(T1**(3/2))*math.exp(x1);\n",
+    "x2=-Eg2/(2*k*T2);\n",
+    "y2=(T2**(3/2))*math.exp(x2);\n",
+    "ni=ni1*(y2/y1);          #number of electron hole pairs\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"number of electron hole pairs is\",round(ni/10**16,2),\"*10**16 per cubic metre\"\n",
+    "print \"answer varies due to rounding off errors\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 2, Page number 8.20"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "intrinsic conductivity is 2.016 ohm-1 metre-1\n",
+      "intrinsic resistivity is 0.496 ohm metre\n",
+      "number of germanium atoms per m**3 is 4.5 *10**28\n",
+      "new value of conductivity is 1.434 *10**4 ohm-1 metre-1\n",
+      "new value of resistivity is 0.697 *10**-4 ohm metre\n",
+      "answer for new values given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "w=72.6;    #atomic weight\n",
+    "d=5400;    #density(kg/m**3)\n",
+    "Na=6.025*10**26;    #avagadro number\n",
+    "mew_e=0.4;    #mobility of electron(m**2/Vs)\n",
+    "mew_h=0.2;    #mobility of holes(m**2/Vs)\n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
+    "m=9.108*10**-31;    #mass(kg)\n",
+    "ni=2.1*10**19;      #number of electron hole pairs\n",
+    "Eg=0.7;    #band gap(eV)\n",
+    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant\n",
+    "h=6.625*10**-34;    #plancks constant\n",
+    "T=300;     #temperature(K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "sigma=ni*e*(mew_e+mew_h);    #intrinsic conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
+    "rho=1/sigma;     #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
+    "n=Na*d/w;        #number of germanium atoms per m**3\n",
+    "p=n/10**5;       #boron density\n",
+    "sigman=p*e*mew_h;  #new value of conductivity(ohm-1 metre-1)\n",
+    "rhon=1/sigman;     #new value of resistivity(ohm metre)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"intrinsic conductivity is\",sigma,\"ohm-1 metre-1\"\n",
+    "print \"intrinsic resistivity is\",round(rho,3),\"ohm metre\"\n",
+    "print \"number of germanium atoms per m**3 is\",round(n/10**28,1),\"*10**28\"\n",
+    "print \"new value of conductivity is\",round(sigman/10**4,3),\"*10**4 ohm-1 metre-1\"\n",
+    "print \"new value of resistivity is\",round(rhon*10**4,3),\"*10**-4 ohm metre\"\n",
+    "print \"answer for new values given in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 3, Page number 8.21"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "charge carrier density is 2 *10**22 per m**3\n",
+      "electron mobility is 0.035 m**2/Vs\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
+    "RH=3.66*10**-4;    #hall coefficient(m**3/coulomb)\n",
+    "sigma=112;      #conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "ne=3*math.pi/(8*RH*e);    #charge carrier density(per m**3)\n",
+    "mew_e=sigma/(e*ne);      #electron mobility(m**2/Vs)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"charge carrier density is\",int(ne/10**22),\"*10**22 per m**3\"\n",
+    "print \"electron mobility is\",round(mew_e,3),\"m**2/Vs\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 4, Page number 8.21"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "intrinsic conductivity is 0.432 *10**-3 ohm-1 m-1\n",
+      "conductivity during donor impurity is 10.4 ohm-1 m-1\n",
+      "conductivity during acceptor impurity is 4 ohm-1 m-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "mew_e=0.13;    #mobility of electron(m**2/Vs)\n",
+    "mew_h=0.05;    #mobility of holes(m**2/Vs)\n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
+    "ni=1.5*10**16;      #number of electron hole pairs\n",
+    "N=5*10**28;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "sigma1=ni*e*(mew_e+mew_h);    #intrinsic conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
+    "ND=N/10**8;\n",
+    "n=ni**2/ND;\n",
+    "sigma2=ND*e*mew_e;     #conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
+    "sigma3=ND*e*mew_h;     #conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"intrinsic conductivity is\",round(sigma1*10**3,3),\"*10**-3 ohm-1 m-1\"\n",
+    "print \"conductivity during donor impurity is\",sigma2,\"ohm-1 m-1\"\n",
+    "print \"conductivity during acceptor impurity is\",int(sigma3),\"ohm-1 m-1\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Example number 5, Page number 8.22"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "conductivity is 4.97 mho m-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#importing modules\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "e=1.6*10**-19;\n",
+    "Eg=0.72;    #band gap(eV)\n",
+    "k=1.38*10**-23;    #boltzmann constant\n",
+    "T1=293;     #temperature(K)\n",
+    "T2=313;     #temperature(K)\n",
+    "sigma1=2;    #conductivity(mho m-1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "x=(Eg*e/(2*k))*((1/T1)-(1/T2));\n",
+    "y=round(x/2.303,3);\n",
+    "z=round(math.log10(sigma1),3);\n",
+    "log_sigma2=y+z;\n",
+    "sigma2=10**log_sigma2;     #conductivity(mho m-1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Result\n",
+    "print \"conductivity is\",round(sigma2,2),\"mho m-1\""
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}