Merge pull request #2 from debashisdeb/master

Removed Problem Statements Completely

1 files changed, 603 insertions, 604 deletions

diff --git a/Satellite_Communication/chapter_5.ipynb b/Satellite_Communication/chapter_5.ipynb
index 7e2ed39c..130c2bfd 100644
--- a/Satellite_Communication/chapter_5.ipynb
+++ b/Satellite_Communication/chapter_5.ipynb
@@ -1,605 +1,604 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "chapter 5: Communication Techniques"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.1, page no-174 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#for case (a)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "m=0.5           #modulation index\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "#for AM\n",

-      "pt1=(1+(m**2)/2.0)\n",

-      "#for SSBSC\n",

-      "pt2=(m**2)/4.0\n",

-      "#% power saving\n",

-      "p=(pt1-pt2)*100/pt1\n",

-      "p=math.floor(p*10)/10\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Percentage power saving is %.1f%%\"%p)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#for case (b)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "m=1           #modulation index\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "#for AM\n",

-      "pt1=(1+(m**2)/2.0)\n",

-      "#for SSBSC\n",

-      "pt2=(m**2)/4.0\n",

-      "#% power saving\n",

-      "p=(pt1-pt2)*100/pt1\n",

-      "p=math.floor(p*10)/10\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"\\n Percentage power saving is %.1f%%\"%p)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Percentage power saving is 94.4%\n",

-        "\n",

-        " Percentage power saving is 83.3%\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 1

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.2, page no-174 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "pc=500       #energy of carrier signal\n",

-      "m=0.6       #AM modulation index\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#for (a)\n",

-      "pt=pc*(1+(m**2)/2)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#for (b)\n",

-      "pt2=pc*(m**2)/4\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"(a)\\n A3E is the double side band AM with full carrier.\\n Therefore, Pt= %.0f W\\n\\n (b)\\n J3E is an SSBSC system.\\n Therefore, Pt= %.0f W\"%(pt,pt2))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(a)\n",

-        " A3E is the double side band AM with full carrier.\n",

-        " Therefore, Pt= 590 W\n",

-        "\n",

-        " (b)\n",

-        " J3E is an SSBSC system.\n",

-        " Therefore, Pt= 45 W\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 4

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.3, page no-175 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "m=0.6           #60% modulation\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "#for A3E\n",

-      "pt1=(1+(m**2)/2)\n",

-      "#for J3E\n",

-      "pt2=(m**2)/4\n",

-      "#% power saving\n",

-      "p=(pt1-pt2)*100/pt1\n",

-      "p=math.ceil(p*10)/10\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Percentage power saving is %.2f%%\"%p)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Percentage power saving is 92.40%\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 5

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.4, page no-175 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "#multiplication of two signals gives AM with frequency component(wc-wm) and (wc+wm) and its BW is 2wm\n",

-      "bw=0.5/100      #bw is 0.5% of carrier freq. \n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "wc=2/bw\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Wc = %.0f*Wm\"%wc)\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Wc = 400*Wm\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 6

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.5, page no-190 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "#comparing given equation with stanard equation\n",

-      "m=6.0              #Modulation Index\n",

-      "wc=7.8*10**8       #unmodulated carrier frequency\n",

-      "wm=1450            #Modulating frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "fc=wc/(2*math.pi)\n",

-      "fm=wm/(2*math.pi)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Unmodulated carrier frequency, fc = %.2f MHz \\n The modulation index m = %d \\n Modulating frequency, fm = %.2f Hz\"%(fc/10**6,m,fm))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Unmodulated carrier frequency, fc = 124.14 MHz \n",

-        " The modulation index m = 6 \n",

-        " Modulating frequency, fm = 230.77 Hz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 8

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.7, page no-191 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "#comparing given equation with stanard equation\n",

-      "mf=150            #modulation index\n",

-      "fm=1              # modulating frequency in KHz\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "fd=mf*fm\n",

-      "bw=2*(mf+1)*fm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"frequency deviation = %.0f kHz\\n Bandwidth = %.0f kHz \\n\\n Expression for instantaneous frequency is given by, \\n f = 10^8-150*(10^3)*sin(2*3.14*10^3*t)\"%(fd,bw))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "frequency deviation = 150 kHz\n",

-        " Bandwidth = 302 kHz \n",

-        "\n",

-        " Expression for instantaneous frequency is given by, \n",

-        " f = 10^8-150*(10^3)*sin(2*3.14*10^3*t)\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 10

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.8, page no-191 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "fd=50            #frequency deviation in kHz\n",

-      "fm=1.0           #modulating frequency in kHz for case 1\n",

-      "fm2=100.0        #modulating frequency in kHz for case 2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "#for case 1\n",

-      "m=fd/fm\n",

-      "bw=2*(m+1)*fm\n",

-      "#for case 2\n",

-      "m2=fd/fm2\n",

-      "bw2=2*(m2+1)*fm2\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"For first case\\n Modulation index = %.0f \\n Bandwidth = %.0f kHz \\n\\n For second case\\n Modulation index = %.1f \\n Bandwidth = %.0f kHz\"%(m,bw,m2,bw2))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": []

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.9, page no-192 "

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "bw=20*10**3    #bandwidth in Hz\n",

-      "fm=1* 10**3    #modulating frequency in Hz\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "mf=(bw/(2*fm))-1\n",

-      "new_mf=mf*6\n",

-      "new_fm=0.5     #kHz\n",

-      "new_bw=2*(new_mf+1)*new_fm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"mf=%.0f\\n New modulation index = %.0f\\n New bandwidth = %.0f kHz\"%(mf,new_mf,new_bw))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "mf=9\n",

-        " New modulation index = 54\n",

-        " New bandwidth = 55 kHz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 11

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.10, page no-192"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "fd=75.0     #Maximum allowed frequency deviation in kHz\n",

-      "fm=15.0     #Highest modulating frequency in kHz\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "D=fd/fm\n",

-      "bw=2*(D+1)*fm\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Deviation Ratio, D = %.0f\\n Bandwidth = %.0f kHz\"%(D,bw))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Deviation Ratio, D = 5\n",

-        " Bandwidth = 180 kHz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 13

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.11, page no-199"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "fm=3200.0        #highest frequency component in message signal\n",

-      "k=48000.0        #channel capacity in b/s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "fs=2*fm\n",

-      "n=k/fs\n",

-      "n=math.floor(n)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"n = %.0f\\n L = 2^7 = %.0f\\n fs = %.3f kHz\"%(n,2**7,(k/7)/1000))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "n = 7\n",

-        " L = 2^7 = 128\n",

-        " fs = 6.857 kHz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 15

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.12, page no-199"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "#re-arranging equation and comparing it with standard equation we have,\n",

-      "f=2500           #Highest frequency component in the signal in Hz\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#result\n",

-      "print(\"Nyquist rate = 2 x f\\n\\t      = %.0f Hz = %.0f kHz\"%(2*f,2*f/1000))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Nyquist rate = 2 x f\n",

-        "\t      = 5000 Hz = 5 kHz\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 16

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.13, page no-199"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable Declaration\n",

-      "l=128          #no of Quantizing levels\n",

-      "fs=10000.0     #sampling frequency in Hz\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "n=7            #math.log2(l)\n",

-      "t=1/(n*fs)\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print(\"Number of bits per sample (n) = %.0f\\n Time duration of one bit of binary encoded signal is  %.3f micro second\"%(n,t*10**6))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Number of bits per sample (n) = 7\n",

-        " Time duration of one bit of binary encoded signal is  14.286 micro second\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 17

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.15, page no-208"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "f1=2.4        #first signal frequency\n",

-      "f2=3.2        #2nd signal frequency\n",

-      "f3=3.4        #3rd signal frequency\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#minimum sampling rate for each of the signals would be twice the highest frequency component\n",

-      "\n",

-      "\n",

-      "sr=3*(f3*2)\n",

-      "st=10**6/(sr*10**3)\n",

-      "print(\"Sampling rate of the composite signal = %.1f kHz \\nSampling interval of the composite signal = %.0f micro second\"%(sr,st))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Sampling rate of the composite signal = 20.4 kHz \n",

-        "Sampling interval of the composite signal = 49 micro second\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 19

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 3,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example 5.16, page no-209"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "\n",

-      "bw=3.2          # voice channel band limited frequency in kHz\n",

-      "r=1.2           # 1.2 times the Nyquist rate\n",

-      "n=24.0          # no of  voice channel\n",

-      "b=8.0           # 8-bit PCM\n",

-      "sr=2*bw*r\n",

-      "p=10**6/(sr*10**3)\n",

-      "N=(n*b)+1\n",

-      "bit_d=p/N\n",

-      "bit_d=math.ceil(bit_d*1000)/1000\n",

-      "tr=1/bit_d\n",

-      "\n",

-      "print(\"Number of bits in each frame = %.0f \\nBit duration = %.3f micro second \\nTransmission rate = %.3f Mbps\"%(N,bit_d,math.ceil(tr*1000)/1000))\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Number of bits in each frame = 193 \n",

-        "Bit duration = 0.675 micro second \n",

-        "Transmission rate = 1.482 Mbps\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 21

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

+{
+ "metadata": {
+  "name": "",
+  "signature": "sha256:0567df6d143de5413d3406fc62e3bde7360c6adec18cda1ddb49a1255bcf929f"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+  {
+   "cells": [
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "chapter 5: Communication Techniques"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.1, page no-174 "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "\n",
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "m=0.5           #modulation index\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "#for AM\n",
+      "pt1=(1+(m**2)/2.0)\n",
+      "#for SSBSC\n",
+      "pt2=(m**2)/4.0\n",
+      "#% power saving\n",
+      "p=(pt1-pt2)*100/pt1\n",
+      "p=math.floor(p*10)/10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"Percentage power saving is %.1f%%\"%p)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#for case (b)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "m=1           #modulation index\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "#for AM\n",
+      "pt1=(1+(m**2)/2.0)\n",
+      "#for SSBSC\n",
+      "pt2=(m**2)/4.0\n",
+      "#% power saving\n",
+      "p=(pt1-pt2)*100/pt1\n",
+      "p=math.floor(p*10)/10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"\\n Percentage power saving is %.1f%%\"%p)\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Percentage power saving is 94.4%\n",
+        "\n",
+        " Percentage power saving is 83.3%\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 1
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.2, page no-174 "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "pc=500       #energy of carrier signal\n",
+      "m=0.6       #AM modulation index\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#for (a)\n",
+      "pt=pc*(1+(m**2)/2)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#for (b)\n",
+      "pt2=pc*(m**2)/4\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"(a)\\n A3E is the double side band AM with full carrier.\\n Therefore, Pt= %.0f W\\n\\n (b)\\n J3E is an SSBSC system.\\n Therefore, Pt= %.0f W\"%(pt,pt2))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "(a)\n",
+        " A3E is the double side band AM with full carrier.\n",
+        " Therefore, Pt= 590 W\n",
+        "\n",
+        " (b)\n",
+        " J3E is an SSBSC system.\n",
+        " Therefore, Pt= 45 W\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 4
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.3, page no-175 "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "m=0.6           #60% modulation\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "#for A3E\n",
+      "pt1=(1+(m**2)/2)\n",
+      "#for J3E\n",
+      "pt2=(m**2)/4\n",
+      "#% power saving\n",
+      "p=(pt1-pt2)*100/pt1\n",
+      "p=math.ceil(p*10)/10\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"Percentage power saving is %.2f%%\"%p)\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Percentage power saving is 92.40%\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 5
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.4, page no-175 "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "\n",
+      "bw=0.5/100      #bw is 0.5% of carrier freq. \n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "wc=2/bw\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"Wc = %.0f*Wm\"%wc)\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Wc = 400*Wm\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 6
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.5, page no-190 "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "\n",
+      "m=6.0              #Modulation Index\n",
+      "wc=7.8*10**8       #unmodulated carrier frequency\n",
+      "wm=1450            #Modulating frequency\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "fc=wc/(2*math.pi)\n",
+      "fm=wm/(2*math.pi)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"Unmodulated carrier frequency, fc = %.2f MHz \\n The modulation index m = %d \\n Modulating frequency, fm = %.2f Hz\"%(fc/10**6,m,fm))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Unmodulated carrier frequency, fc = 124.14 MHz \n",
+        " The modulation index m = 6 \n",
+        " Modulating frequency, fm = 230.77 Hz\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 8
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.7, page no-191 "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "\n",
+      "mf=150            #modulation index\n",
+      "fm=1              # modulating frequency in KHz\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "fd=mf*fm\n",
+      "bw=2*(mf+1)*fm\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"frequency deviation = %.0f kHz\\n Bandwidth = %.0f kHz \\n\\n Expression for instantaneous frequency is given by, \\n f = 10^8-150*(10^3)*sin(2*3.14*10^3*t)\"%(fd,bw))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "frequency deviation = 150 kHz\n",
+        " Bandwidth = 302 kHz \n",
+        "\n",
+        " Expression for instantaneous frequency is given by, \n",
+        " f = 10^8-150*(10^3)*sin(2*3.14*10^3*t)\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 10
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.8, page no-191 "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "fd=50            #frequency deviation in kHz\n",
+      "fm=1.0           #modulating frequency in kHz for case 1\n",
+      "fm2=100.0        #modulating frequency in kHz for case 2\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "#for case 1\n",
+      "m=fd/fm\n",
+      "bw=2*(m+1)*fm\n",
+      "#for case 2\n",
+      "m2=fd/fm2\n",
+      "bw2=2*(m2+1)*fm2\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"For first case\\n Modulation index = %.0f \\n Bandwidth = %.0f kHz \\n\\n For second case\\n Modulation index = %.1f \\n Bandwidth = %.0f kHz\"%(m,bw,m2,bw2))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.9, page no-192 "
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "bw=20*10**3    #bandwidth in Hz\n",
+      "fm=1* 10**3    #modulating frequency in Hz\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "mf=(bw/(2*fm))-1\n",
+      "new_mf=mf*6\n",
+      "new_fm=0.5     #kHz\n",
+      "new_bw=2*(new_mf+1)*new_fm\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"mf=%.0f\\n New modulation index = %.0f\\n New bandwidth = %.0f kHz\"%(mf,new_mf,new_bw))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "mf=9\n",
+        " New modulation index = 54\n",
+        " New bandwidth = 55 kHz\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 11
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.10, page no-192"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "fd=75.0     #Maximum allowed frequency deviation in kHz\n",
+      "fm=15.0     #Highest modulating frequency in kHz\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "D=fd/fm\n",
+      "bw=2*(D+1)*fm\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"Deviation Ratio, D = %.0f\\n Bandwidth = %.0f kHz\"%(D,bw))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Deviation Ratio, D = 5\n",
+        " Bandwidth = 180 kHz\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 13
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.11, page no-199"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "fm=3200.0        #highest frequency component in message signal\n",
+      "k=48000.0        #channel capacity in b/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "fs=2*fm\n",
+      "n=k/fs\n",
+      "n=math.floor(n)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"n = %.0f\\n L = 2^7 = %.0f\\n fs = %.3f kHz\"%(n,2**7,(k/7)/1000))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "n = 7\n",
+        " L = 2^7 = 128\n",
+        " fs = 6.857 kHz\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 15
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.12, page no-199"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "\n",
+      "f=2500           #Highest frequency component in the signal in Hz\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#result\n",
+      "print(\"Nyquist rate = 2 x f\\n\\t      = %.0f Hz = %.0f kHz\"%(2*f,2*f/1000))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Nyquist rate = 2 x f\n",
+        "\t      = 5000 Hz = 5 kHz\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 16
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.13, page no-199"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "l=128          #no of Quantizing levels\n",
+      "fs=10000.0     #sampling frequency in Hz\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "n=7            #math.log2(l)\n",
+      "t=1/(n*fs)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print(\"Number of bits per sample (n) = %.0f\\n Time duration of one bit of binary encoded signal is  %.3f micro second\"%(n,t*10**6))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Number of bits per sample (n) = 7\n",
+        " Time duration of one bit of binary encoded signal is  14.286 micro second\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 17
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.15, page no-208"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "f1=2.4        #first signal frequency\n",
+      "f2=3.2        #2nd signal frequency\n",
+      "f3=3.4        #3rd signal frequency\n",
+      "\n",
+      "t\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "sr=3*(f3*2)\n",
+      "st=10**6/(sr*10**3)\n",
+      "print(\"Sampling rate of the composite signal = %.1f kHz \\nSampling interval of the composite signal = %.0f micro second\"%(sr,st))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Sampling rate of the composite signal = 20.4 kHz \n",
+        "Sampling interval of the composite signal = 49 micro second\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 19
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 3,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 5.16, page no-209"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "bw=3.2          # voice channel band limited frequency in kHz\n",
+      "r=1.2           # 1.2 times the Nyquist rate\n",
+      "n=24.0          # no of  voice channel\n",
+      "b=8.0           # 8-bit PCM\n",
+      "sr=2*bw*r\n",
+      "p=10**6/(sr*10**3)\n",
+      "N=(n*b)+1\n",
+      "bit_d=p/N\n",
+      "bit_d=math.ceil(bit_d*1000)/1000\n",
+      "tr=1/bit_d\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print(\"Number of bits in each frame = %.0f \\nBit duration = %.3f micro second \\nTransmission rate = %.3f Mbps\"%(N,bit_d,math.ceil(tr*1000)/1000))\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "Number of bits in each frame = 193 \n",
+        "Bit duration = 0.675 micro second \n",
+        "Transmission rate = 1.482 Mbps\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 21
+    }
+   ],
+   "metadata": {}
+  }
+ ]
 }
\ No newline at end of file