Removed duplicates

1 files changed, 463 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Nuclear_Physics_by_D._C._Tayal/Chapter18.ipynb b/Nuclear_Physics_by_D._C._Tayal/Chapter18.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..40af5501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Nuclear_Physics_by_D._C._Tayal/Chapter18.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
+{

+ "metadata": {

+  "name": "",

+  "signature": "sha256:f0f3883962d3ff2205f0aa7b119a41b1115305734d5340cd468bd7addc3f1d3f"

+ },

+ "nbformat": 3,

+ "nbformat_minor": 0,

+ "worksheets": [

+  {

+   "cells": [

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 1,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Chapter18-Elementry Particles"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex1-pg770"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "## Exa18.1 : : Page-770 (2011)\n",

+      "#find The root mean square radius of charge distribution\n",

+      "import math \n",

+      "m_sqr = 0.71;        ## For proton, (GeV/c-square)^2\n",

+      "R_rms = math.sqrt(12.)/(math.sqrt(m_sqr)*5.1);    ## Root mean square radius, femto metre\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\nThe root mean square radius of charge distribution: \",R_rms,\" fermi\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "## Result\n",

+      "## The root mean square radius of charge distribution: 0.81 fermi "

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "The root mean square radius of charge distribution:  0.81  fermi\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 1

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex3-pg763"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "## Ex18.3 : : Page-763 (2011)\n",

+      "#find all reactions\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "import numpy\n",

+      "p = numpy.zeros((1,2));             ## proton\n",

+      "pi_minus = numpy.zeros((1,2));      ##pi minus meson\n",

+      "pi_plus = numpy.zeros((1,2));       ## pi plus meson\n",

+      "n = numpy.zeros((1,2));             ## neutron\n",

+      "lamda_0 = numpy.zeros((1,2));       ## lamda hyperon\n",

+      "K_0 = numpy.zeros((1,2));           ## K zero (Kaons)\n",

+      "K_plus =numpy.zeros((1,2));        ## K plus (Kaons)\n",

+      "sigma_plus = numpy.zeros((1,2));    ## hyperon \n",

+      "sigma_minus = numpy.zeros((1,2))    ## hyperon\n",

+      "ksi_minus = numpy.zeros((1,2));     ## hyperon\n",

+      "## Allocate the value of Isospins (T and T3)\n",

+      "p[0,0] = 1/2;\n",

+      "p[0,1] = 1/2;\n",

+      "pi_minus[0,0] = 1;\n",

+      "pi_minus[0,1] = -1;\n",

+      "pi_plus[0,0] = 1;\n",

+      "pi_plus[0,1] = +1;\n",

+      "n[0,0] = 1/2;\n",

+      "n[0,1] = -1/2;\n",

+      "lambda_0=numpy.zeros((1,2));\n",

+      "lambda_0[0,0] = 0;\n",

+      "lambda_0[0,1] = 0;\n",

+      "K_0[0,0] = pi_minus[0,0]+p[0,0];\n",

+      "K_0[0,1] = pi_minus[0,1]+p[0,1] ;\n",

+      "K_plus[0,0] = p[0,0]+p[0,0]-lambda_0[0,0]-p[0,0];\n",

+      "K_plus[0,1] = p[0,1]+p[0,1]-lambda_0[0,1]-p[0,1] ;\n",

+      "sigma_plus[0,0] = pi_plus[0,0]+p[0,0]-K_plus[0,0];\n",

+      "sigma_plus[0,1] =  pi_plus[0,1]+p[0,1]-K_plus[0,1];\n",

+      "sigma_minus[0,0] =  pi_minus[0,0]+p[0,0]-K_plus[0,0];\n",

+      "sigma_minus[0,1] =  pi_minus[0,1]+p[0,1]-K_plus[0,1];\n",

+      "ksi_minus[0,0] = pi_plus[0,0]+n[0,0]-K_plus[0,0]-K_plus[0,0];\n",

+      "ksi_minus[0,1] = pi_plus[0,1]+n[0,1]-K_plus[0,1]-K_plus[0,1];\n",

+      "print'%s'%(\"\\n  Reaction I \\n         pi_minus + p ......> lambda_0  + K_0\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T for K_0 is : %3.1f \",K_0[0,0],\"\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T3 for K_0 is : %3.1f \",K_0[0,1],\"\");\n",

+      "print(\"\\n  Reaction II \\n         pi_plus + p -> lambda_0  + K_plus\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T for K_plus is : %3.1f \",K_plus[0,0],\"\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T3 for K_plus is : %3.1f \",K_plus[0,1],\"\");\n",

+      "print(\"\\n  Reaction III \\n         pi_plus + n -> lambda_0 + K_plus\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T for K_plus is : %3.1f \",K_plus[0,0],\"\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T3 for K_plus is : %3.1f \",K_plus[0,1],\"\");\n",

+      "print(\"\\n  Reaction VI \\n         pi_minus + p -> sigma_minus  + K_plus\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T for sigma_minus is : %3.1f \",sigma_minus[0,0],\"\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T3 for sigma_minus is : %3.1f \",sigma_minus[0,1],\"\");\n",

+      "print(\"\\n  Reaction V \\n         pi_plus + p -> sigma_plus  + K_plus\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T for sigma_plus is : %3.1f \",sigma_plus[0,0],\"\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T3 for sigma_plus is : %3.1f \",sigma_plus[0,1],\"\");\n",

+      "print(\"\\n  Reaction VI \\n         pi_plus + n -> ksi_minus  + K_plus + K_plus\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T for Ksi_minus is : %3.1f \",ksi_minus[0,0],\"\");\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\n The value of T3 for Ksi_minus is : %3.1f \",ksi_minus[0,1],\"\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "## Result\n",

+      "##  \n",

+      "##  Reaction I \n",

+      "##         pi_minus + p -> lambda_0  + K_0\n",

+      "## The value of T for K_0 is : 1.5 \n",

+      "## The value of T3 for K_0 is : -0.5 \n",

+      "##  Reaction II \n",

+      "##         pi_plus + p -> lambda_0  + K_plus\n",

+      "## The value of T for K_plus is : 0.5 \n",

+      "## The value of T3 for K_plus is : 0.5 \n",

+      "##  Reaction III \n",

+      "##         pi_plus + n -> lambda_0  + K_plus\n",

+      "## The value of T for K_plus is : 0.5 \n",

+      "## The value of T3 for K_plus is : 0.5 \n",

+      "##  Reaction VI \n",

+      " ##        pi_minus + p -> sigma_minus  + K_plus\n",

+      "## The value of T for sigma_minus is : 1.0 \n",

+      "## The value of T3 for sigma_minus is : -1.0 \n",

+      "##  Reaction V \n",

+      "##         pi_plus + p -> sigma_plus  + K_plus\n",

+      "## The value of T for sigma_plus is : 1.0 \n",

+      "## The value of T3 for sigma_plus is : 1.0 \n",

+      "##  Reaction VI \n",

+      " ##        pi_plus + n -> ksi_minus  + K_plus + K_plus\n",

+      "## The value of T for Ksi_minus is : 0.5 \n",

+      "## The value of T3 for Ksi_minus is : -0.5 \n",

+      "print(\"ans is slighlty different from book due to rounding off error\")\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "  Reaction I \n",

+        "         pi_minus + p ......> lambda_0  + K_0\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T for K_0 is : %3.1f  1.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T3 for K_0 is : %3.1f  -1.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Reaction II \n",

+        "         pi_plus + p -> lambda_0  + K_plus\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T for K_plus is : %3.1f  0.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T3 for K_plus is : %3.1f  0.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Reaction III \n",

+        "         pi_plus + n -> lambda_0 + K_plus\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T for K_plus is : %3.1f  0.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T3 for K_plus is : %3.1f  0.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Reaction VI \n",

+        "         pi_minus + p -> sigma_minus  + K_plus\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T for sigma_minus is : %3.1f  1.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T3 for sigma_minus is : %3.1f  -1.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Reaction V \n",

+        "         pi_plus + p -> sigma_plus  + K_plus\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T for sigma_plus is : %3.1f  1.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T3 for sigma_plus is : %3.1f  1.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        "  Reaction VI \n",

+        "         pi_plus + n -> ksi_minus  + K_plus + K_plus\n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T for Ksi_minus is : %3.1f  1.00 \n",

+        "\n",

+        " The value of T3 for Ksi_minus is : %3.1f  0.00 \n",

+        "ans is slighlty different from book due to rounding off error\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 1

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex9-pg766"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "## Ex18.9 : : Page-766 (2011)\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "#find The lifetime of sigma particle and The isospin of sigma particle \n",

+      "h_cross = 6.62e-022;      ## Redueced planck's constant, MeV sec\n",

+      "p_width = 0.88*35;        ## Partial width of the decay, MeV    \n",

+      "tau = h_cross/p_width;    ## Life time of sigma, sec    \n",

+      "T_pi = 1.;                 ## Isospin of pi plus particle  \n",

+      "T_lambda = 0.;             ## Isospin of lambda zero particle   \n",

+      "T_sigma  = T_pi+T_lambda; ## Isospin of sigma particle   \n",

+      "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"\\nThe lifetime of sigma particle = \",tau,\" s\")\n",

+      "print(\"The reaction is strong\")\n",

+      "print\"%s %.2f %s\"%(\"The isospin of sigma particle is : \",T_sigma,\"\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "## Result\n",

+      "## The lifetime of sigma particle = 2.15e-023 s\n",

+      "## The reaction is strong\n",

+      "## The isospin of sigma particle is : 1 "

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "The lifetime of sigma particle =  2.15e-23  s\n",

+        "The reaction is strong\n",

+        "The isospin of sigma particle is :  1.00 \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 4

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex10-pg767"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "##Exa18.10 : : Page-767 (2011)\n",

+      "#find The mean life for tau plus\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "m_mew = 106.;        ## Mass of mew lepton, mega electron volts per square c\n",

+      "m_tau = 1784.;       ## Mass of tau lepton, mega electron volts per square c\n",

+      "tau_mew = 2.2e-06;    ## Mean life of mew lepton, sec\n",

+      "R = 16/100.;           ## Branching factor\n",

+      "tau_plus = R*(m_mew/m_tau)**5*tau_mew;        ## Mean life for tau plus, sec\n",

+      "print'%s %.2e %s'%(\"\\nThe mean life for tau plus : \",tau_plus,\" sec\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "## Result\n",

+      "## The mean life for tau plus : 2.6e-013 sec "

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "The mean life for tau plus :  2.61e-13  sec\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 5

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex13-pg768"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "# Exa18.13 : : Page-768(2011)\n",

+      "#find The possible charge states \n",

+      "def symbol(val):\n",

+      "    global s\n",

+      "    if val == 2 :\n",

+      "        s = '++';\n",

+      "    elif val == 1:\n",

+      "        s = '+';\n",

+      "    elif val == 0:\n",

+      "        s = '0';\n",

+      "    elif val == -1:\n",

+      "        s = '-';\n",

+      "    return s\n",

+      "\n",

+      "B = 1;         # Baryon number\n",

+      "S1 = 0;        # Strangeness quantum number\n",

+      "Q = numpy.zeros((1,4))    # Charge\n",

+      "I3 = 3/2.; \n",

+      "print (\"\\nThe possible charge states are\");\n",

+      "for i in range(0,4): \n",

+      "    Q = I3+(B+S1)/2.;\n",

+      "    symb = symbol(Q);\n",

+      "    print symb\n",

+      "    I3 = I3 - 1;\n",

+      "\n",

+      "print (\" respectively\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "# Result\n",

+      "# The possible charge states are ++ + 0 - respectively "

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "The possible charge states are\n",

+        "++\n",

+        "+\n",

+        "0\n",

+        "-\n",

+        " respectively\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 18

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex15-pg768"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "## Exa18.15 : : Page-768 (2011)\n",

+      "#find The branching ratio for a resonanc\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "I_1 = 3/2.;         ## Isospin for delta(1232)\n",

+      "I_2 = 1/2.;         ## Isospin for delta 0\n",

+      "delta_ratio = math.sqrt((2./3.)**2)/math.sqrt((1./3.)**2);        ## Branching ratio\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\nThe branching ratio for a resonance with I = 1/2 is \", delta_ratio,\"\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "## Result\n",

+      "## The branching ratio for a resonance with I = 1/2 is 2 "

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "The branching ratio for a resonance with I = 1/2 is  2.00 \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 6

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex16-pg768"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "## Exa18.16 : : Page-768 (2011)\n",

+      "#find The cross section ratio\n",

+      "import math\n",

+      "phi = 45*math.pi/180;        ## Phase difference\n",

+      "Cross_sec_ratio = 1/4.*(5.+4.*math.cos(phi))/(1-math.cos(phi));        ## Cross section ratio\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\nThe cross section ratio : \", Cross_sec_ratio,\"\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "## Result\n"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "The cross section ratio :  6.68 \n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 7

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "heading",

+     "level": 2,

+     "metadata": {},

+     "source": [

+      "Ex18-pg770"

+     ]

+    },

+    {

+     "cell_type": "code",

+     "collapsed": false,

+     "input": [

+      "## Exa18.18 : : Page-770 (2011)\n",

+      "#find The root mean square radius of charge distribution\n",

+      "import math \n",

+      "m_sqr = 0.71;        ## For proton, (GeV/c-square)^2\n",

+      "R_rms = math.sqrt(12.)/(math.sqrt(m_sqr)*5.1);    ## Root mean square radius, femto metre\n",

+      "print'%s %.2f %s'%(\"\\nThe root mean square radius of charge distribution: \",R_rms,\" fermi\");\n",

+      "\n",

+      "## Result\n",

+      "## The root mean square radius of charge distribution: 0.81 fermi math"

+     ],

+     "language": "python",

+     "metadata": {},

+     "outputs": [

+      {

+       "output_type": "stream",

+       "stream": "stdout",

+       "text": [

+        "\n",

+        "The root mean square radius of charge distribution:  0.81  fermi\n"

+       ]

+      }

+     ],

+     "prompt_number": 8

+    }

+   ],

+   "metadata": {}

+  }

+ ]

+}
\ No newline at end of file