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diff --git a/Modern_Physics/Chapter12.ipynb b/Modern_Physics/Chapter12.ipynb
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+{
+ "metadata": {
+  "name": "",
+  "signature": "sha256:6dfe8c3f0e395e550057fecf65810f55f95ea60853478f130ac485dd9541147f"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+  {
+   "cells": [
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Chapter 12: The Solid State"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 12.1, page no. 418"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "\n",
+      "kb = 1.38 * 10 **-23        #Boltzmann constant (J/K)\n",
+      "T = 300                     # room temperature (K)\n",
+      "me = 9.11 * 10 ** -31       # mass of electron (kg)\n",
+      "d = 8.96 * 10**6            # density of copper (g/m^3)\n",
+      "N = 6.023 * 10 **23         #avagodro's number (atoms/mole)\n",
+      "mw = 63.5                   #molar weight (g)\n",
+      "A = 4 * 10 ** -6            #area (m^2)\n",
+      "I = 10                      # current (A)\n",
+      "e = 1.6 * 10 ** -19         # charge of electron(C)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Vrms = (3*kb*T/me)**0.5\n",
+      "n = N * d / mw\n",
+      "Vd = I /(n*e*A)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Results\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print \"(a) The ratio of drift speed to rms speed is \",round(Vd/Vrms/10**-9,2),\"X 10^-9.\"\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "\n",
+      "L = 2.6 * 10 ** -10       #interatomic distance(A')  \n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "\n",
+      "t = L / Vrms \n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Results\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print \"(b) The average time between collisions\",round(t/10**-15,1),\"X 10^-15 m/s.\"\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "\n",
+      "T = 300             #Room temperature (K)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "\n",
+      "sigma = n*e**2 * L /(3*kb*T*me)**0.5\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Results\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print \"(c) The conductivity is\",round(sigma/10**6,1),\"X 10^6 (ohm.m)^-1.\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "(a) The ratio of drift speed to rms speed is  1.57 X 10^-9.\n",
+        "(b) The average time between collisions 2.2 X 10^-15 m/s.\n",
+        "(c) The conductivity is 5.3 X 10^6 (ohm.m)^-1.\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 2
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 12.2, page no. 429"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "\n",
+      "V = 7            # voltage(V)\n",
+      "L = 5 * 10 ** -8 # mean free path (m)\n",
+      " \n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "\n",
+      "E = V/L\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Results\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print \"The electric field required is\",round(E/10**8,1),\"X 10^8 V/m.\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The electric field required is 1.4 X 10^8 V/m.\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 4
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example 12.3, page no. 436"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Variable Declaration\n",
+      "\n",
+      "V = 1           #voltage(eV)\n",
+      "kBT = 0.025     # kB * T (eV)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "\n",
+      "ratio = (math.exp(V/kBT)-1)/(math.exp(-V/kBT)-1)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Results\n",
+      "\n",
+      "print \"The ratio of forward to reverse current is\",round(ratio/10**17,1),\"X 10^17.\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The ratio of forward to reverse current is -2.4 X 10^17.\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 6
+    }
+   ],
+   "metadata": {}
+  }
+ ]
+}
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