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author: Thomas Stephen Lee 2015-09-07 17:46:06 +0530
committer: Thomas Stephen Lee 2015-09-07 17:46:06 +0530
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tree: 7b0144248a9d5c9b6c66065697177ee04a30f93e /Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter
parent: 41f1f72e9502f5c3de6ca16b303803dfcf1df594 (diff)
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diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_11_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_11_1.ipynb
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+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 11: Fracture Mechanics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 11.1, Fracture Toughness, Page No. 354"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Since Fracture Toughness of the material is = 172.852 MPa\n",
+      " and the applied stress is 172 MPa thus the flaw will propagate as a brittle fracture\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "from math import cos\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "a=5;\n",
+    "a=a*10**-3;             #conversion to m\n",
+    "t=1.27;          #in cm\n",
+    "t=t*10**-2;        #conversion to m\n",
+    "def sec(x):\n",
+    "    return 1/cos(x);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "K_Ic=24;\n",
+    "sigma=K_Ic/(sqrt(pi*a)*sqrt(sec(pi*a/(2*t))));\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('Since Fracture Toughness of the material is = %g MPa\\n and the applied stress is 172 MPa thus the flaw will propagate as a brittle fracture')%(sigma);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 11.2, Fracture Toughness, Page No. 354"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Critical Crack depth = 15.4981 mm\n",
+      "which is greater than the thickness of the vessel wall, 12mm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "K_Ic=57;\n",
+    "sigma0=900;\n",
+    "sigma=360;\n",
+    "Q=2.35;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "a_c=K_Ic**2*Q/(1.21*pi*sigma**2);\n",
+    "a_c=a_c*1000;                         #conversion to mm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nCritical Crack depth = %g mm\\nwhich is greater than the thickness of the vessel wall, 12mm')%(a_c);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 11.3, Plasticity, Page No. 361"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Plastic zone size = 0.113177 mm\n",
+      "Stress Intensity Factor = 42.8659 MPa m^(1/2)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Note: Calculation Errors in book\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "a=10;\n",
+    "a=a*10**-3;                 #conversion to m\n",
+    "sigma=400;\n",
+    "sigma0=1500;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "rp=sigma**2*a/(2*pi*sigma0**2);\n",
+    "rp=rp*1000;                      #conversion to mm\n",
+    "K=sigma*sqrt(pi*a);\n",
+    "K_eff=sigma*sqrt(pi*a)*sqrt(a+pi*rp);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nPlastic zone size = %g mm\\nStress Intensity Factor = %g MPa m^(1/2)\\n\\n\\nNote: Calculation Errors in book')%(rp,K_eff);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_12_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_12_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
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+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_12_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 12: Fatigue of Metals"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 12.1, Mean Stress, Page No. 387"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Bar Diameter = 1.45673 in\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma_u=158;             # in ksi\n",
+    "sigma0=147;             # in ksi\n",
+    "sigma_e=75;             # in ksi\n",
+    "l_max=75;             # in ksi\n",
+    "l_min=-25;             # in ksi\n",
+    "sf=2.5;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "sigma_m=(l_max+l_min)/2;\n",
+    "sigma_a=(l_max-l_min)/2;\n",
+    "sigma_e=sigma_e/sf;\n",
+    "A=sigma_a/sigma_e+sigma_m/sigma_u;\n",
+    "D=sqrt(4*A/pi);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nBar Diameter = %g in')%(D);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 12.2, Low Cycle Fatigue, Page No. 391"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "d_e_e = 0.000681818\n",
+      "d_e_p = 0.000608182\n",
+      "Number of Cycles = 48884 cycles\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma_b=75.0;\n",
+    "e_b=0.000645;\n",
+    "e_f=0.3;\n",
+    "E=22*10**4;\n",
+    "c=-0.6;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "d_e_e=float(2*sigma_b/E);\n",
+    "d_e_p=2*e_b-d_e_e;\n",
+    "N=((d_e_p/(2*e_f))**(1/c))/2;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nd_e_e = %g\\nd_e_p = %g\\nNumber of Cycles = %g cycles')%(d_e_e,d_e_p,N);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 12.3, Fatigue Crack Proportion, Page No. 401"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Fatigue Cycles = 261417 cycles\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "ai=0.5;\n",
+    "ai=ai*10**-3;           #conversion to m\n",
+    "sigma_max=180.0;\n",
+    "Kc=100.0;\n",
+    "alpha=1.12;\n",
+    "p=3.0;\n",
+    "A=6.9*10**-12;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "af=(Kc/(sigma_max*alpha))**2/pi;\n",
+    "Nf=float(af**(1-(p/2))-ai**(1-(p/2)))/float((1-p/2)*A*(sigma_max**3)*(pi**(p/2))*(alpha**p));\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('Fatigue Cycles = %g cycles')%(Nf);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 12.4, Stress Concentration of Fatigue, Page No. 404"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Mean Stress = 25464.8 psi\n",
+      "Fluctuating Bending Stress = 33658.4 psi\n",
+      "Effective Maximum Stress = 59123.2 psi\n",
+      "Effective Minimum Stress = 8193.63 psi\n",
+      "sigma_a = 39834.1 psi\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Note: Calculation Errors in the book\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "rho=0.0004;\n",
+    "S_u=190000;\n",
+    "M=200;\n",
+    "Pm=5000;\n",
+    "D=0.5;\n",
+    "dh=0.05;\n",
+    "r=dh/2;\n",
+    "Kt=2.2;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "Kf=1+(Kt-1)/(1+sqrt(rho/r));\n",
+    "q=(Kf-1)/(Kt-1);\n",
+    "A=pi/4*D**2;\n",
+    "sigma_m=Pm/A;\n",
+    "I=pi/64*D**4;\n",
+    "sigma_a=Kf*((M*D)/(2*I));\n",
+    "sigma_max=sigma_a+sigma_m;\n",
+    "sigma_min=sigma_a-sigma_m;\n",
+    "sigma_e=S_u/2;\n",
+    "sigma_a1=sigma_e/Kf*(1-sigma_m/S_u);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nMean Stress = %g psi\\nFluctuating Bending Stress = %g psi\\nEffective Maximum Stress = %g psi\\nEffective Minimum Stress = %g psi\\nsigma_a = %g psi\\n\\n\\nNote: Calculation Errors in the book')%(sigma_m,sigma_a,sigma_max,sigma_min,sigma_a1);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 12.5, Infinite Life Design, Page No. 422"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Fatigue Limit = 14245.3 psi\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "Kt=1.68;\n",
+    "q=0.9;\n",
+    "sigma_ed=42000;\n",
+    "Cs=0.9;\n",
+    "Cf=0.75;\n",
+    "Cz=0.81;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "Kf=q*(Kt-1)+1;\n",
+    "sigma_e=sigma_ed*Cs*Cf*Cz;\n",
+    "sigma_en=sigma_e/Kf;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nFatigue Limit = %g psi')%(sigma_en);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 12.6, Local Strain method, Page No. 424"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "scrolled": true
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Number of cycles = 14785.5 cycles\n",
+      "Fatigue damage per cycle = 6.7634e-05\n",
+      "Number of cycles with correction of mean stress= 129289 cycles\n",
+      "Fatigue damage per cycle  with correction of mean stress= 7.7346e-06 damage per year\n",
+      "Shaft will fail in 2.2446 days\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from scipy.optimize import fsolve\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "K=189;\n",
+    "n=0.12;\n",
+    "ef=1.06;\n",
+    "sigma_f=190;\n",
+    "b=-0.08;\n",
+    "c=-0.66;\n",
+    "E=30000000.0;\n",
+    "E=E/1000;        #conversion to ksi\n",
+    "s=200.0;\n",
+    "sigma_m=167.0;\n",
+    "sigma_a=17.0;\n",
+    "se=s**2/E;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "def f(ds):\n",
+    "    return (ds**2)/(2*E)+(ds**((1+n)/n))/((2*K)**(1/n))-se/2;\n",
+    "ds=fsolve(f,1)\n",
+    "de=se/ds;\n",
+    "def f1(N2):\n",
+    "    return (N2**(b))*(sigma_f/E)+ef*(N2**(c))-de/2;\n",
+    "N2=fsolve(f1,1);\n",
+    "N_1=N2/2;\n",
+    "de_e2=sigma_a/E;\n",
+    "def f2(N2):\n",
+    "    return (N2**b)*((sigma_f-sigma_m)/E)+ef*(N2**c)-de_e2;\n",
+    "N2=fsolve(f2,1);\n",
+    "N_2=N2/2;\n",
+    "C_pd=2*60*60*8;\n",
+    "f=N_2/C_pd;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nNumber of cycles = %g cycles\\nFatigue damage per cycle = %g\\nNumber of cycles with correction of mean stress= %g cycles\\nFatigue damage per cycle  with correction of mean stress= %g damage per year\\nShaft will fail in %g days')%(N_1,1/N_1,N_2,1/N_2,f);\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_13_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_13_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..2afb13d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_13_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 13: Creep and Stress Rupture"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 13.1, Engineering Creep, Page No. 461"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "-----------------------------------------------------------\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Temperature\tCreep Strength, psi\tWorking Stress, psi\n",
+      "\n",
+      "------------------------------------------------------------\n",
+      "\n",
+      "1100 F\t\t\t30000\t\t\t10000\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "1500 F\t\t\t4000\t\t\t1333\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sf=3;\n",
+    "per=1/1000;\n",
+    "T=[1100, 1500];\n",
+    "C=[30000, 4000];              \n",
+    "W=[0, 0];\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "W[0]=C[0]/sf;\n",
+    "W[1]=C[1]/sf;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\n-----------------------------------------------------------\\n');\n",
+    "print('Temperature\\tCreep Strength, psi\\tWorking Stress, psi\\n');\n",
+    "print('------------------------------------------------------------');\n",
+    "print('\\n1100 F\\t\\t\\t%i\\t\\t\\t%i\\n')%(C[0],W[0]);\n",
+    "print('\\n1500 F\\t\\t\\t%i\\t\\t\\t%i\\n')%(C[1],W[1]);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 13.2, Engineering Creep, Page No. 461"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Activation Energy = 157867 cal/mol\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Note: Calculation Errors in book\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "def C(f):\n",
+    "    return (f-32)*5/9;\n",
+    "R=1.987;\n",
+    "T2=1300;\n",
+    "T1=1500;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "T2=C(T2)+273.15;\n",
+    "T1=C(T1)+273.15;\n",
+    "e2=0.0001;\n",
+    "e1=0.4;\n",
+    "Q=R*log(e1/e2)/(1/T2-1/T1);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nActivation Energy = %g cal/mol')%(Q)\n",
+    "print('\\n\\n\\nNote: Calculation Errors in book');"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 13.3, Prediction of long time properties, Page No. 464"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "At T = 1200 F, P = 41500\n",
+      "At T = 1600 F, P = 51500\n",
+      "And from the master ploy of Astroploy, corresponding stress required are sigma = 78000 psi and sigma = 11000 psi\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "t=10**5;\n",
+    "C1=20;\n",
+    "T1=1200;\n",
+    "T2=1600;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "P_1200=(T1+460)*(log10(t)+C1);\n",
+    "P_1600=(T2+460)*(log10(t)+C1);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nAt T = 1200 F, P = %g\\nAt T = 1600 F, P = %g\\nAnd from the master ploy of Astroploy, corresponding stress required are sigma = 78000 psi and sigma = 11000 psi')%(P_1200,P_1600);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_14_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_14_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..bd230ae6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_14_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 14: Brittle Fracture and Impact Testing"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 14.1, Stress Corrosion Cracking, Page No. 494"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Estimated Life = 11.5741 days\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "---------------------------------\n",
+      "Stress, MPa\tCrack Length, mm\n",
+      "---------------------------------\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\t500\t\t0.105226\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\t300\t\t0.292296\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\t100\t\t2.63066\n",
+      "\n",
+      "---------------------------------\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "cg=0.01;\n",
+    "gr=10**-8;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "l=cg/(gr*3600*24);\n",
+    "K_l_SCC=10;\n",
+    "a_sigma2=K_l_SCC**2/(1.21*pi);\n",
+    "s=[500,300,100];\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nEstimated Life = %g days')%(l);\n",
+    "print('\\n\\n\\n---------------------------------\\nStress, MPa\\tCrack Length, mm\\n---------------------------------\\n');\n",
+    "for i in range (0,3):\n",
+    "    print('\\t%g\\t\\t%g\\n')%(s[i],a_sigma2*1000/s[i]**2);\n",
+    "print('---------------------------------');"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_15_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_15_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4b4e7632
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_15_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 15: Fundamentals of Metalworking"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 15.1, Mechanics of Metal Working, Page No. 506"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Enginering Strain = 1\n",
+      "True Strain = 0.693147\n",
+      "Reduction = 1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Enginering Strain = -0.5\n",
+      "True Strain = -0.693147\n",
+      "Reduction = -1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#For Bar which is double in length\n",
+    "#variable declaration 1\n",
+    "L2=2;\n",
+    "L1=1;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation 1\n",
+    "e=(L2-L1)/L1;\n",
+    "e1=log(L2/L1);\n",
+    "r=1-L1/L2;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result 1\n",
+    "print('\\nEnginering Strain = %g\\nTrue Strain = %g\\nReduction = %g')%(e,e1,r);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#For bar which is halved in length\n",
+    "#variable declaration 2\n",
+    "L1=1;\n",
+    "L2=0.5;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation 2\n",
+    "e=(L2-L1)/L1;\n",
+    "e1=log(L2/L1);\n",
+    "r=1-L1/L2;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result 2\n",
+    "print('\\n\\nEnginering Strain = %g\\nTrue Strain = %g\\nReduction = %g')%(e,e1,r);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 15.2, Mechanics of Metal Working, Page No. 511"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Plastic work done in 1st step = 39752.1 lb/in^2\n",
+      "Plastic work done in 2nd step = 97934.8 lb/in^2\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from scipy.integrate import quad\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "D0=25.0;\n",
+    "D1=20.0;\n",
+    "D2=15.0;\n",
+    "def integrand(e):\n",
+    "    return 200000*e**0.5\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "ep1=log((D0/D1)**2);\n",
+    "U1,U1_err=quad(integrand,0,ep1);\n",
+    "ep2=log((D1/D2)**2);\n",
+    "U2,U2_err=quad(integrand,ep1,ep1+ep2);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nPlastic work done in 1st step = %g lb/in^2\\nPlastic work done in 2nd step = %g lb/in^2\\n')%(U1,U2);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 15.3, Hodography, Page No. 517"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure  = 2.88675\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sin\n",
+    "from math import radians\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "alpha=60;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "r=radians(alpha);\n",
+    "mu=1/sin(r);\n",
+    "p_2k=mu*5/2;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('Pressure  = %g')%(p_2k);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 15.4, Temperature in Metalworking, Page No. 526"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Temperature Rise for aluminium = 78.4808 C\n",
+      "Temperature Rise for titanium = 162.686 C\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "Al_s=200;\n",
+    "Al_e=1;\n",
+    "Al_p=2.69;\n",
+    "Al_c=0.215;\n",
+    "Ti_s=400;\n",
+    "Ti_e=1;\n",
+    "Ti_p=4.5;\n",
+    "Ti_c=0.124;\n",
+    "J=4.186;\n",
+    "b=0.95;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "Al_Td=Al_s*Al_e*b/(Al_p*Al_c*J);\n",
+    "Ti_Td=Ti_s*Ti_e*b/(Ti_p*Ti_c*J);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nTemperature Rise for aluminium = %g C\\nTemperature Rise for titanium = %g C\\n')%(Al_Td,Ti_Td);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 15.5, Friction and Lubrication, Page No. 546"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "For OD after deformation being 70 mm, Di = 22.3607 mm\n",
+      "Precent change in inside diameter = 25.4644 percent\n",
+      "Peak pressure = 1.93531\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "For OD after deformation being 81.4 mm, Di = 35.0137 mm\n",
+      "Precent change in inside diameter = -16.7124 percent\n",
+      "Peak pressure = 1.17321\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "Do=60;\n",
+    "Di=30;\n",
+    "def1=70;\n",
+    "def2=81.4;\n",
+    "h=10;\n",
+    "a=30;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation1\n",
+    "di=sqrt((Do**2-Di**2)*2-def1**2);\n",
+    "pr=(Di-di)/Di*100;\n",
+    "m=0.27;\n",
+    "p_s=1+2*m*a/(sqrt(3)*h);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result 1\n",
+    "print('\\nFor OD after deformation being 70 mm, Di = %g mm\\nPrecent change in inside diameter = %g percent\\nPeak pressure = %g')%(di,pr,p_s);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation 2\n",
+    "di=sqrt(def2**2-(Do**2-Di**2)*2);\n",
+    "pr=(Di-di)/Di*100;\n",
+    "m=0.05;\n",
+    "p_s=1+2*m*a/(sqrt(3)*h);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result 2\n",
+    "print('\\n\\n\\n\\nFor OD after deformation being 81.4 mm, Di = %g mm\\nPrecent change in inside diameter = %g percent\\nPeak pressure = %g')%(di,pr,p_s);\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_16_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_16_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..df731606
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_16_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 16: Forging"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 16.1, Forging in Plain Strain, Page No. 574"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "At the centerline of the slab = 63044.5 psi\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Pressure Distributon from the centerline:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "---------------------------------\n",
+      "\n",
+      "x\tp (ksi)\t\tt_i (ksi)\n",
+      "\n",
+      "---------------------------------\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0\t63.0445\t\t15.7611\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.25\t38.2384\t\t9.55961\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.5\t23.1928\t\t5.7982\n",
+      "\n",
+      "0.75\t14.0671\t\t3.51678\n",
+      "\n",
+      "1\t8.53215\t\t2.13304\n",
+      "\n",
+      "1.25\t5.17501\t\t1.29375\n",
+      "\n",
+      "1.5\t3.1388\t\t0.7847\n",
+      "\n",
+      "1.75\t1.90378\t\t0.475945\n",
+      "\n",
+      "2\t1.1547\t\t0.288675\n",
+      "\n",
+      "---------------------------------\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "For sticking friction:\n",
+      "p_max = 10.3923 ksi\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "The Forging load = 62.7695 tons\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma=1000;\n",
+    "mu=0.25;\n",
+    "a=2;\n",
+    "b=6;\n",
+    "h=0.25;\n",
+    "x=0;\n",
+    "mu=0.25;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "p_max=2*sigma*exp(2*mu*(a-x)/h)/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "print('\\nAt the centerline of the slab = %g psi\\n')%(p_max);\n",
+    "print('\\nPressure Distributon from the centerline:');\n",
+    "print('\\n---------------------------------\\n');\n",
+    "print('x\\tp (ksi)\\t\\tt_i (ksi)\\n');\n",
+    "print('---------------------------------\\n');\n",
+    "while x<=2:\n",
+    "    p=2*sigma*exp(2*mu*(a-x)/h)/(1000*sqrt(3));             #in ksi\n",
+    "    t_i=mu*p;\n",
+    "    print('%g\\t%g\\t\\t%g\\n')%(x,p,t_i);\n",
+    "    x+=0.25;\n",
+    "print('---------------------------------\\n');\n",
+    "k=sigma/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "x=0;\n",
+    "p_max1=2*sigma*((a-x)/h+1)/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "x1=a-h/(2*mu)*log(1/(2*mu));\n",
+    "p=2*sigma*(a/(2*h)+1)/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "P=2*p*a*b;\n",
+    "P=P*0.000453;                      #conversion to metric tons\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nFor sticking friction:\\np_max = %g ksi')%(p_max1/1000);\n",
+    "print('\\n\\nThe Forging load = %g tons')%(P);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_17_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_17_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..b223cd0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_17_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 17: Rolling of Metals"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 17.1, Forces in rolling, Page No. 596"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Maximum possible reduction when mu is 0.08 = 0.0768 in\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Maximum possible reduction when mu is 0.5 = 3 in\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import atan\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "mu1=0.08;\n",
+    "mu2=0.5;\n",
+    "R=12;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "alpha=atan(mu1);\n",
+    "dh1=mu1**2*R;\n",
+    "dh2=mu2**2*R;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nMaximum possible reduction when mu is 0.08 = %g in\\n')%(dh1);\n",
+    "print('Maximum possible reduction when mu is 0.5 = %g in')%(dh2);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 17.2, Rolling Load, Page No. 598"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Rolling Load = 3039.51 kips\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Rolling Load  if sticking friction occurs = 5509.54 kips\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "h0=1.5;\n",
+    "mu=0.3;\n",
+    "D=36;\n",
+    "s_en=20;\n",
+    "s_ex=30;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "h1=h0-0.3*h0;\n",
+    "dh=h0-h1;\n",
+    "h_=(h1+h0)/2;\n",
+    "Lp=sqrt(D/2*dh);\n",
+    "Q=mu*Lp/h_;\n",
+    "sigma0=(s_en+s_ex)/2;\n",
+    "P=sigma0*(exp(Q)-1)*s_ex*Lp/Q;\n",
+    "Ps=sigma0*(Lp/(4*dh)+1)*s_ex*Lp;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nRolling Load = %g kips')%(P);\n",
+    "print('\\nRolling Load  if sticking friction occurs = %g kips')%(Ps);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 17.3, Rolling Load, Page No. 599"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "P2 = 1410.35\n",
+      "R2 = 18.6281\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "h0=1.5;\n",
+    "mu=0.3;\n",
+    "D=36;\n",
+    "s_en=20;\n",
+    "s_ex=30;\n",
+    "C=3.34*10**-4;\n",
+    "P_=1357;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "h1=h0-0.3*h0;\n",
+    "dh=h0-h1;\n",
+    "h_=(h1+h0)/2;\n",
+    "R=D/2;\n",
+    "R1=R*(1+C*P_/(s_ex*(dh)));\n",
+    "Lp=sqrt(R1*dh);\n",
+    "Q=mu*Lp/h_;\n",
+    "sigma0=(s_en+s_ex)/2;\n",
+    "P2=sigma0*(exp(Q)-1)*s_ex*Lp/Q;\n",
+    "P2=P2*0.45359                         #conversion to tons\n",
+    "R2=R*(1+C*P2/(s_ex*(dh)));\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nP2 = %g\\nR2 = %g')%(P2,R2);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 17.4, Torque and Horsepower, Page No. 614"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Rolling Load = 540.012\n",
+      "Horsepower = 1713.63\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "w=12;\n",
+    "hi=0.8;\n",
+    "hf=0.6;\n",
+    "D=40;\n",
+    "N=100;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "R=D/2;\n",
+    "dh=abs(hf-hi);\n",
+    "e1=log(hi/hf);\n",
+    "r=(hi-hf)/hi;\n",
+    "sigma=20*e1**0.2/1.2;\n",
+    "Qp=1.5;\n",
+    "P=2*sigma*w*sqrt(R*(hi-hf))*Qp/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "a=0.5*sqrt(R*dh);\n",
+    "a=a/12;                             #conversion to ft\n",
+    "hp=4*pi*a*P*N*1000/33000;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nRolling Load = %g\\nHorsepower = %g')%(P,hp);\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_18_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_18_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..8fcdfd7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_18_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 18: Extrusion"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 18.1, Extrusion Process, Page No. 629"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Force required for the Operation = 3827.95 metric tons\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Note: Slight calculation errors in book\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "from math import radians\n",
+    "from math import tan\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "def cot(x):\n",
+    "    return 1/tan(x);\n",
+    "Db=6;\n",
+    "Df=2;\n",
+    "L=15;\n",
+    "v=2;\n",
+    "alpha=60;\n",
+    "mu=0.1;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculations\n",
+    "R=Db**2/Df**2;\n",
+    "e=6*v*log(R)/Db\n",
+    "sigma=200*e**0.15;\n",
+    "alpha=radians(alpha);\n",
+    "B=mu*cot(alpha);\n",
+    "p_d=sigma*((1+B)/B)*(1-R**B);\n",
+    "p_d=abs(p_d);\n",
+    "t_i=sigma/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "p_e=p_d+4*t_i*L/Db;\n",
+    "p_e=p_e*145.0377;                    #conversion to psi\n",
+    "A=pi*Db**2/4;\n",
+    "P=p_e*A;\n",
+    "P=P*0.000453;                      #conversion to metric tons\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nForce required for the Operation = %g metric tons\\n\\n\\nNote: Slight calculation errors in book')%(P);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_19_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_19_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..33c96b04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_19_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 19: Drawing of Rods, Wires and Tubes"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 19.1, Analysis of Wiredrawing, Page No. 640"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Drawing Stress = 240.422 MPa\n",
+      "Drawing Force = 12.0849 kN\n",
+      "Power = 36.2548 kW\n",
+      "Horsepower = 48.599 hp\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "from math import radians\n",
+    "from math import tan\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "def cot(x):\n",
+    "    return 1/tan(x);\n",
+    "Ab=10;\n",
+    "r=0.2;\n",
+    "alpha=12;\n",
+    "mu=0.09;\n",
+    "n=0.3;\n",
+    "K=1300;\n",
+    "v=3;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "alpha=radians(alpha);\n",
+    "B=mu*cot(alpha/2);\n",
+    "e1=log(1/(1-r));\n",
+    "sigma=K*e1**0.3/(n+1);\n",
+    "Aa=Ab*(1-r);\n",
+    "sigma_xa=sigma*((1+B)/B)*(1-(Aa/Ab)**B);\n",
+    "Aa=pi*Aa**2/4;\n",
+    "Pd=sigma_xa*Aa;\n",
+    "Pd=Pd/1000;                        #conversion to kilo units\n",
+    "P=Pd*v;\n",
+    "H=P/0.746;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nDrawing Stress = %g MPa\\nDrawing Force = %g kN\\nPower = %g kW\\nHorsepower = %g hp')%(sigma_xa,Pd,P,H);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 19.2, Analysis of Wiredrawing, Page No. 645"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "By First Approximation, r = 0.514412\n",
+      "By Second Approximation, r = 0.830601\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import radians\n",
+    "from math import tan\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "def cot(x):\n",
+    "    return 1/tan(x);\n",
+    "alpha=12;\n",
+    "r=0.2;\n",
+    "mu=0.09;\n",
+    "n=0.3;\n",
+    "K=1300;\n",
+    "v=3;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "alpha=radians(alpha);\n",
+    "B=mu*cot(alpha/2);\n",
+    "e1=log(1/(1-r));\n",
+    "sigma_xa=K*e1**0.3/(n+1);\n",
+    "r1=1-((1-(B/(B+1)))**(1/B));\n",
+    "e=log(1/(1-r1));\n",
+    "sigma0=1300*e**0.3;\n",
+    "r2=1-(1-((sigma0/sigma_xa)*(B/(B+1)))**(1/B));\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nBy First Approximation, r = %g\\nBy Second Approximation, r = %g')%(r1,r2);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_1_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_1_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..8cfa5e5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_1_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 1: Introduction"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 1.1, Shear Stress, Page No. 16"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Shear Stress Required to nucleate a grain boundary crack in high temperature deformation = 158.887 MPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "y_b=2;\n",
+    "G=75;\n",
+    "G=G*10**9;       #conversion to Pa\n",
+    "L=0.01;\n",
+    "L=L*10**-3;       #conversion to m\n",
+    "nu=0.3;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "T=sqrt((3*pi*y_b*G)/(8*(1-nu)*L));\n",
+    "T=T/10**6;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print ('Shear Stress Required to nucleate a grain boundary crack in high temperature deformation = %g MPa') %(T)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_20_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_20_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..90519f65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_20_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 20: Sheet-Metal Forming"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 20.1, Deep Drawing, Page No. 672"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Limiting ratio = 1.98104\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "le=0.3;\n",
+    "wd=-0.16;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calcualtion\n",
+    "l_l0=1+le;\n",
+    "w_w0=1+wd;\n",
+    "R=log(1/w_w0)/log((w_w0)*l_l0);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nLimiting ratio = %g')%(R);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 20.2, Forming Limit Criteria, Page No. 675"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Major Strain = 80 percent \n",
+      "Minor Strain = -20 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "d=0.1;\n",
+    "mj_d=0.18;\n",
+    "mn_d=0.08;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "e1=(mj_d-d)/d;\n",
+    "e2=(mn_d-d)/d;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nMajor Strain = %g percent \\nMinor Strain = %g percent')%(e1*100,e2*100);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_21_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_21_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..94f15509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_21_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 21: Machining of Metals"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 21.1, Mechanics of Machining, Page No. 685"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Shear Plane Angle for 1040 steel= 22.2946 deg\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Shear Plane Angle for Copper = 10.6433 deg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy.optimize import fsolve\n",
+    "from math import radians, degrees, pi, cos, sin\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "a=6;\n",
+    "sigma_s=60000.0;\n",
+    "su_s=91000.0;\n",
+    "sigma_c=10000.0;\n",
+    "su_c=30000;\n",
+    "a=radians(a);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "def s(fi):\n",
+    "    return cos(fi-a)*sin(fi)-sigma_s/su_s*(cos(pi/4-a/2)*sin(pi/4+a/2))\n",
+    "def c(fi):\n",
+    "    return cos(fi-a)*sin(fi)-sigma_c/su_c*(cos(pi/4-a/2)*sin(pi/4+a/2))\n",
+    "fi1=fsolve(s,0);\n",
+    "fi2=fsolve(c,0);\n",
+    "fi1=degrees(fi1);\n",
+    "fi2=degrees(fi2);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nShear Plane Angle for 1040 steel= %g deg')%(fi1);\n",
+    "print('\\nShear Plane Angle for Copper = %g deg')%(fi2);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 21.2, Mechanics of Machining, Page No. 687"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Slip plane angle = 33.1927 deg\n",
+      "Percentage of total energy that goes into friction = 30.918 percent\n",
+      "Percentage of total energy that goes into shear = 69.082 percent\n",
+      "Total energy per unit volume = 0.197285 hp min/in^3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sin\n",
+    "from math import cos\n",
+    "from math import tan\n",
+    "from math import atan\n",
+    "from math import radians\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from math import degrees\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "v=500;\n",
+    "alpha=6;\n",
+    "b=0.4;\n",
+    "t=0.008;\n",
+    "Fv=100;\n",
+    "Fh=250;\n",
+    "L=20;\n",
+    "rho=0.283;\n",
+    "m=13.36;\n",
+    "m=m/454;            #conversion to lb\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "tc=m/(rho*b*L);\n",
+    "r=t/tc;\n",
+    "alpha=radians(alpha);\n",
+    "fi=atan(r*cos(alpha)/(1-r*sin(alpha)));\n",
+    "#fi=degrees(fi);\n",
+    "mu=(Fv+Fh*tan(alpha))/(Fh-Fv*tan(alpha));\n",
+    "be=atan(mu);\n",
+    "Pr=sqrt(Fv**2+Fh**2);\n",
+    "Ft=Pr*sin(be);\n",
+    "p_fe=Ft*r/Fh;\n",
+    "Fs=Fh*cos(fi)-Fv*sin(fi);\n",
+    "vs=v*cos(alpha)/cos(fi-alpha);\n",
+    "p_se=Fs*vs/(Fh*v);\n",
+    "U=Fh*v/(b*t*v);\n",
+    "U=U/33000;                     #conversion to hp\n",
+    "U=U/12;                         #conversion of ft units to in units\n",
+    "fi=degrees(fi);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nSlip plane angle = %g deg\\nPercentage of total energy that goes into friction = %g percent\\nPercentage of total energy that goes into shear = %g percent\\nTotal energy per unit volume = %g hp min/in^3')%(fi,p_fe*100,p_se*100,U);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 21.3, Tool Materials and Tool Life, Page No. 698"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "For High Speed steel tool, increase in tool life is given by: t2 = 322.54 t1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "For Cemented carbide tool, increase in tool life is given by: t2 = 10.0794 t1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "d=0.5;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "t1=(1/d)**(1/0.12);\n",
+    "t2=(1/d)**(1/0.3);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nFor High Speed steel tool, increase in tool life is given by: t2 = %g t1')%(t1);\n",
+    "print('\\nFor Cemented carbide tool, increase in tool life is given by: t2 = %g t1')%(t2);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 21.4, Grinding Processes, Page No. 703"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Tangential force = 24 N\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "U=40;\n",
+    "uw=0.3;\n",
+    "b=1.2;\n",
+    "v=30;\n",
+    "d=0.05;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "b=b*10**-3;                   #conversion to m\n",
+    "d=d*10**-3;                     #conversion to m\n",
+    "U=U*10**9;                     #conversion to Pa\n",
+    "M=uw*b*d;\n",
+    "P=U*M;\n",
+    "F=P/v;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('Tangential force = %g N')%(F);\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_2_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_2_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..535881a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_2_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 2: Stress and Strain Relationships for Elastic Behavior"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 2.1, State of Stress in two dimensions, Page No. 25"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "sigma_x= -12.5 MPa\n",
+      "sigma_y= -2.5 MPa\n",
+      "T_xy= 57.5 MPa\n",
+      "sigma_y`= -65 MPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sin\n",
+    "from math import cos\n",
+    "from math import radians\n",
+    "from numpy.linalg import inv\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma_x=25;\n",
+    "sigma_y=5;\n",
+    "theta=45;\n",
+    "sigma_x_=50;\n",
+    "T_x_y_=5;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "theta=radians(theta);\n",
+    "A=[[(sigma_x+sigma_y)/2+(sigma_x-sigma_y)/2*cos(2*theta),sin(2*theta)],[(sigma_y-sigma_x)/2*sin(2*theta),cos(2*theta)]];\n",
+    "B=[[sigma_x_],[T_x_y_]];\n",
+    "X=np.dot(inv(A),B);\n",
+    "p=X[0];\n",
+    "T_xy=X[1];\n",
+    "sigma_x1=sigma_x*p;\n",
+    "sigma_y1=sigma_y*p;\n",
+    "sigma_y_=sigma_x1+sigma_y1-sigma_x_;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print ('\\nsigma_x= %g MPa\\nsigma_y= %g MPa\\nT_xy= %g MPa\\nsigma_y`= %g MPa') %(sigma_x1,sigma_y1,T_xy,sigma_y_);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 2.2, State of Stress in three dimensions, Page No. 29"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "sigma0 = 360 MPa\n",
+      "\n",
+      "sigma1 = -280 MPa\n",
+      "\n",
+      "sigma2 = -160 MPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "A=[[0,-240,0],[-240,200,0],[0,0,-280]];\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calcualtion\n",
+    "p=[1, -(A[0][0]+A[1][1]+A[2][2]), (A[0][0]*A[1][1]+A[1][1]*A[2][2]+A[0][0]*A[2][2]-A[1][0]**2-A[2][1]**2-A[2][0]**2), -(A[0][0]*A[1][1]*A[2][2]+2*A[1][0]*A[2][1]*A[2][0]-A[0][0]*A[2][1]**2-A[1][1]*A[2][0]**2-A[2][2]*A[1][0]**2)];\n",
+    "X=np.roots(p);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "for i in range (0,3):\n",
+    "    print('\\nsigma%i = %g MPa')%(i,X[i]);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 2.3, Calculation of Stresses from elastic strains, Page No. 52"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "sigma1 = 971.833 MPa\n",
+      "sigma2 = 520.705 MPa\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Note: Slight calculation errors in Book\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "E=200;\n",
+    "nu=0.33;\n",
+    "e1=0.004;\n",
+    "e2=0.001;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "sigma1=E*(e1+nu*e2)/(1-nu**2);\n",
+    "sigma2=E*(e2+nu*e1)/(1-nu**2);\n",
+    "sigma1=sigma1*1000;        #conversion to MPa\n",
+    "sigma2=sigma2*1000;        #conversion to MPa\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nsigma1 = %g MPa\\nsigma2 = %g MPa\\n')%(sigma1,sigma2);\n",
+    "print('\\nNote: Slight calculation errors in Book')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 2.4, Elastic Anisotropy, Page No. 60"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "For Iron:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "E_111 = 2.72727 x 10^11 Pa\n",
+      "E_100 = 1.25 x 10^11 Pa\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "For Tungten:\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "E_111 = 3.84615 x 10^11 Pa\n",
+      "E_100 = 3.84615 x 10^11 Pa\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Therefore tungsten is elastically isotropic while iron is elasitcally anisotropic\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "S11_Fe=0.8;\n",
+    "S12_Fe=-0.28;\n",
+    "S44_Fe=0.86;\n",
+    "S11_W=0.26;\n",
+    "S12_W=-0.07;\n",
+    "S44_W=0.66;\n",
+    "D_100_l=1;\n",
+    "D_100_m=0;\n",
+    "D_100_n=0;\n",
+    "D_110_l=1/sqrt(2);\n",
+    "D_110_m=1/sqrt(2);\n",
+    "D_110_n=0;\n",
+    "D_111_l=1/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "D_111_m=1/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "D_111_n=1/sqrt(3);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "Fe_E_111=1/(S11_Fe-2*((S11_Fe-S12_Fe)-S44_Fe/2)*(D_111_l**2*D_111_m**2+D_111_n**2*D_111_m**2+D_111_l**2*D_111_n**2));\n",
+    "Fe_E_100=1/(S11_Fe-2*((S11_Fe-S12_Fe)-S44_Fe/2)*(D_100_l**2*D_100_m**2+D_100_n**2*D_100_m**2+D_100_l**2*D_100_n**2));\n",
+    "W_E_111=1/(S11_W-2*((S11_W-S12_W)-S44_W/2)*(D_111_l**2*D_111_m**2+D_111_n**2*D_111_m**2+D_111_l**2*D_111_n**2));\n",
+    "W_E_100=1/(S11_W-2*((S11_W-S12_W)-S44_W/2)*(D_100_l**2*D_100_m**2+D_100_n**2*D_100_m**2+D_100_l**2*D_100_n**2));\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print '\\nFor Iron:\\n\\n'\n",
+    "print 'E_111 = %g x 10^11 Pa\\nE_100 = %g x 10^11 Pa\\n' %(Fe_E_111,Fe_E_100)\n",
+    "print '\\n\\n\\nFor Tungten:\\n\\n'\n",
+    "print 'E_111 = %g x 10^11 Pa\\nE_100 = %g x 10^11 Pa\\n\\nTherefore tungsten is elastically isotropic while iron is elasitcally anisotropic' %(W_E_111,W_E_100)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_3_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..3168a0f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_3_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 3: Elements of the Theory of Plasticity"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 3.1, True Stress and True Strain, Page No. 76"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Engineering Stress at maximum load = 99852.1 psi\n",
+      "True Fracture Stress = 112785 psi\n",
+      "True Strain at fracture = 0.344939\n",
+      "Engineering strain at fracture = 0.411903\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "D_i=0.505;\n",
+    "L=2;\n",
+    "P_max=20000;\n",
+    "P_f=16000;\n",
+    "D_f=0.425;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "E_St= P_max*4/(pi*D_i**2);\n",
+    "T_fr_St= P_f*4/(pi*D_f**2);\n",
+    "e_f=log(D_i**2/D_f**2);\n",
+    "e=exp(e_f)-1;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nEngineering Stress at maximum load = %g psi\\nTrue Fracture Stress = %g psi\\nTrue Strain at fracture = %g\\nEngineering strain at fracture = %g')%(E_St,T_fr_St,e_f,e);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 3.2, Yielding Criteria for Ductile Metals, Page No. 78"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Since the calculated value of sigma0 = 224.054 MPa, which is less than the yield strength of the aluminium alloy\n",
+      "Thus safety factor is = 2.23161\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma00=500;\n",
+    "sigma_z=-50;\n",
+    "sigma_y=100;\n",
+    "sigma_x=200;\n",
+    "T_xy=30;\n",
+    "T_yz=0;\n",
+    "T_xz=0;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "sigma0=sqrt((sigma_x-sigma_y)**2+(sigma_y-sigma_z)**2+(sigma_z-sigma_x)**2+6*(T_xy**2+T_yz**2+T_xz**2))/sqrt(2);\n",
+    "s=sigma00/sigma0;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nSince the calculated value of sigma0 = %g MPa, which is less than the yield strength of the aluminium alloy\\nThus safety factor is = %g')%(sigma0,s);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 3.3, Tresca Criterion, Page No. 81"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Since the calculated value of sigma0 = 250 MPa, which is less than the yield strength of the aluminium alloy\n",
+      "Thus safety factor is = 2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma00=500;\n",
+    "sigma_z=-50;\n",
+    "sigma_y=100;\n",
+    "sigma_x=200;\n",
+    "T_xy=30;\n",
+    "T_yz=0;\n",
+    "T_xz=0;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "sigma0=sigma_x-sigma_z;\n",
+    "s=sigma00/sigma0;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nSince the calculated value of sigma0 = %g MPa, which is less than the yield strength of the aluminium alloy\\nThus safety factor is = %g')%(sigma0,s);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 3.4, Levy-Mises Equation, Page No. 91"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Plastic Strain = 0.199532\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "r_t=20;\n",
+    "p=1000;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "sigma1=p*r_t;\n",
+    "sigma1=sigma1/1000;                     #conversion to ksi\n",
+    "sigma=sqrt(3)*sigma1/2;\n",
+    "e=(sigma/25)**(1/0.25);\n",
+    "e1=sqrt(3)*e/2;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nPlastic Strain = %g')%(e1);\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_4_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_4_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..ff5e6897
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_4_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 4: Plastic Deformation of Single Crystals"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 4.1, Critical Resolved Shear Stress for Slip, Page No. 125"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Tensile Stress applied = 14.6969 MPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "a=[1,-1,0];\n",
+    "n=[1,-1,-1];\n",
+    "s=[0,-1,-1];\n",
+    "Tr=6;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "cos_fi=np.dot(a,n)/(sqrt(a[0]**2+a[1]**2+a[2]**2)*sqrt(n[0]**2+n[1]**2+n[2]**2));\n",
+    "cos_lm=np.dot(a,s)/(sqrt(a[0]**2+a[1]**2+a[2]**2)*sqrt(s[0]**2+s[1]**2+s[2]**2));\n",
+    "sigma=Tr/(cos_fi*cos_lm);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('Tensile Stress applied = %g MPa')%(sigma);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.10"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_5_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..50279cb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_5_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 5: Dislocation theory"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 5.1, Forces Between Dislocations, Page No. 166"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The Total force on the dislocation is = 1.32629e-07 N\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "G=40;\n",
+    "G=G*10**9;          #conversion to N/m^2\n",
+    "b=2.5;\n",
+    "b=b*10**-10;          #conversion to m\n",
+    "r=1200;\n",
+    "r=r*10**-10;          #conversion to m\n",
+    "l=0.04;\n",
+    "l=l*10**-3;            #conversion to m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "F=G*b**2/(2*pi*r);\n",
+    "Ft=F*l;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('The Total force on the dislocation is = %g N')%(Ft);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_6_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_6_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..f1ec6bb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_6_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 6: Strengthening Mechanisms"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 6.1, Grain Size Measurement, Page No. 193"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Yield Stress = 254.464 MPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma_i=150;\n",
+    "k=0.7;\n",
+    "n=6;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "N_x=2**(n-1);\n",
+    "N=N_x/(0.01)**2;             #in grains/in^2\n",
+    "N=N*10**6/25.4**2;             # in grains/m^2\n",
+    "D=sqrt(1/N);\n",
+    "sigma0=sigma_i+k/sqrt(D);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print ('\\nYield Stress = %g MPa')%(sigma0);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 6.2, Strengthing Mechanism, Page No. 219"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Particle Spacing = 2.3e-08 m\n",
+      "Particle Size = 7.35948e-10 m\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma0=600;\n",
+    "G=27.6;\n",
+    "G=G*10**9           #conversion to Pa\n",
+    "b=2.5*10**-8;\n",
+    "b=b*10**-2;            #conversion to m\n",
+    "T0=sigma0/2;\n",
+    "T0=T0*10**6;             #conversion to Pa\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "lambda1=G*b/T0;\n",
+    "Cu_max=54;\n",
+    "Cu_eq=4;\n",
+    "Cu_min=0.5;\n",
+    "rho_al=2.7;\n",
+    "rho_theta=4.43;\n",
+    "wt_a=(Cu_max-Cu_eq)/(Cu_max-Cu_min);\n",
+    "wt_theta=(Cu_eq-Cu_min)/(Cu_max-Cu_min);\n",
+    "V_a=wt_a/rho_al;\n",
+    "V_theta=wt_theta/rho_theta;\n",
+    "f=V_theta/(V_a+V_theta);\n",
+    "r=(3*f*lambda1)/(4*(1-f));\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nParticle Spacing = %g m\\nParticle Size = %g m')%(lambda1,r);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 6.3, Fiber Strengthing, Page No. 222"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Ec for 10 vol% = 92 GPa\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Ec for 60 vol% = 252 GPa\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "Ef=380;\n",
+    "Em=60;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "#Case 1\n",
+    "f_f1=0.1;\n",
+    "Ec1=Ef*f_f1+(1-f_f1)*Em;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Case 2\n",
+    "f_f2=0.6;\n",
+    "Ec2=Ef*f_f2+(1-f_f2)*Em;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nEc for 10 vol%% = %g GPa\\n')%(Ec1);\n",
+    "print('\\nEc for 60 vol%% = %g GPa\\n')%(Ec2);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 6.4, Load Transfer, Page No. 225"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "sigma_cu = 2.55 GPa for L=100um\n",
+      "\n",
+      "sigma_cu = 0.596875 GPa for L=2mm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "sigma_fu=5;\n",
+    "sigma_fu=sigma_fu*10**9;         #Conversion to Pa\n",
+    "sigma_m=100;\n",
+    "sigma_m=sigma_m*10**6;        #Conversion to Pa\n",
+    "T0=80;\n",
+    "T0=T0*10**6;                   #Conversion to Pa\n",
+    "f_f=0.5;\n",
+    "d=100;\n",
+    "d=d*10**-6;\n",
+    "B=0.5;\n",
+    "L1=10;\n",
+    "L1=L1*10**2;                  #conversion to m\n",
+    "Lc=sigma_fu*d/(2*T0);\n",
+    "sigma_cu1=sigma_fu*f_f*(1-Lc/(2*L1))+sigma_m*(1-f_f);\n",
+    "sigma_cu1=sigma_cu1*10**-9;\n",
+    "print('\\nsigma_cu = %g GPa for L=100um\\n')%(sigma_cu1);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "L2=2;\n",
+    "L2=L2*10**-3;          #conversion to m\n",
+    "sigma_cu2=sigma_fu*f_f*(1-Lc/(2*L2))+sigma_m*(1-f_f);\n",
+    "sigma_cu2=sigma_cu2*10**-9;\n",
+    "print('sigma_cu = %g GPa for L=2mm')%(sigma_cu2);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_7_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..9111bb76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_7_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 7: Fracture"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 7.1, Cohesive Strength, Page No. 245"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Cohesive strength of a silica fiber = 24.367 GPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "E=95;\n",
+    "E=E*10**9;\n",
+    "Ys=1000;\n",
+    "Ys=Ys*10**-3;                 #conversion to J/m^2\n",
+    "a0=1.6;\n",
+    "a0=a0*10**-10;                   #conversion to m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "sigma_max=sqrt(E*Ys/a0)\n",
+    "sigma_max=sigma_max*10**-9;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('Cohesive strength of a silica fiber = %g GPa')%(sigma_max);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 7.2, Fracture Stress, Page No. 246"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Fracture Stress = 100 MPa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "E=100;\n",
+    "E=E*10**9;\n",
+    "Ys=1;\n",
+    "a0=2.5*10**-10;\n",
+    "c=10**4*a0;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "sigma_f=sqrt(E*Ys/(4*c));\n",
+    "sigma_f=sigma_f*10**-6;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('Fracture Stress = %g MPa')%(sigma_f);"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_8_1.ipynb b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..9609602d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/Chapter_8_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 8: The Tension Test"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 8.1, Standard properties of the material, Page No. 281"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Ultimate Tensile Strength = 92363.2 psi\n",
+      "0.2 percent offset yield strength = 74889.1 psi\n",
+      "Breaking Stress = 80880.2 psi\n",
+      "Elongation = 26.5 percent\n",
+      "Reduction of Area = 61.092 percent\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Note: Slight Computational Errors in book\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "D=0.505;\n",
+    "Lo=2;\n",
+    "Lf=2.53;\n",
+    "Py=15000;\n",
+    "Pmax=18500;\n",
+    "Pf=16200;\n",
+    "D_f=0.315;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "A0=pi*D**2/4;\n",
+    "Af=pi*D_f**2/4;\n",
+    "s_u=Pmax/A0;\n",
+    "s0=Py/A0;\n",
+    "s_f=Pf/A0;\n",
+    "e_f=(Lf-Lo)/Lo;\n",
+    "q=(A0-Af)/A0;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nUltimate Tensile Strength = %g psi\\n0.2 percent offset yield strength = %g psi\\nBreaking Stress = %g psi\\nElongation = %g percent\\nReduction of Area = %g percent\\n\\n\\nNote: Slight Computational Errors in book')%(s_u,s0,s_f,e_f*100,q*100);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 8.2, True Strain, Page No. 288"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "True Strain to fracture using changes in length = 0.405465\n",
+      "True Strain to fracture using changes in area = 0.405465\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "For More ductile metals\n",
+      "True Strain to fracture using changes in length = 0.729961\n",
+      "True Strain to fracture using changes in diameter = 0.940007\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#case 1\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "Af=100.0;\n",
+    "Lf1=60.0;\n",
+    "A0=150.0;\n",
+    "L01=40.0;\n",
+    "Lf=83.0;\n",
+    "L0=40.0;\n",
+    "Df=8.0;\n",
+    "D0=12.8;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "L1=float (Lf1/L01);\n",
+    "A1=float (A0/Af);\n",
+    "ef11=log(L1);\n",
+    "ef21=log(A1);\n",
+    "L2=(Lf/L0);\n",
+    "D2=D0/Df;5\n",
+    "ef12=log(L2);\n",
+    "ef22=2*log(D2);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('\\nTrue Strain to fracture using changes in length = %g\\nTrue Strain to fracture using changes in area = %g')%(ef11,ef21);\n",
+    "print('\\n\\n\\nFor More ductile metals\\nTrue Strain to fracture using changes in length = %g\\nTrue Strain to fracture using changes in diameter = %g')%(ef12,ef22);\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 8.3, Ultimate Tensile Strength, Page No. 290"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ultimate Tensile Strength = 99729.2 psi\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "def sigma(e):\n",
+    "    return 200000*e**0.33;\n",
+    "E_u=0.33;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation\n",
+    "sigma_u=sigma(E_u);\n",
+    "s_u=sigma_u/exp(E_u);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result\n",
+    "print('Ultimate Tensile Strength = %g psi')%(s_u);"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Example 8.4, Effect of Strain Rate, Page No. 298"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "At 70deg F\n",
+      "\n",
+      "sigma_a = 10.2 ksi\n",
+      "sigma_b = 13.8229 ksi\n",
+      "sigma_b/sigma_a = 1.35519\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "At 825deg F\n",
+      "\n",
+      "sigma_a = 2.1 ksi\n",
+      "sigma_b = 5.54906 ksi\n",
+      "sigma_b/sigma_a = 2.64241\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#variable declaration\n",
+    "C_70=10.2;\n",
+    "C_825=2.1;\n",
+    "m_70=0.066;\n",
+    "m_825=0.211;\n",
+    "e1=1;\n",
+    "e2=100;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation 1\n",
+    "print('\\nAt 70deg F\\n');\n",
+    "sigma_a=C_70*e1**m_70;\n",
+    "sigma_b=C_70*e2**m_70;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result 1\n",
+    "print('sigma_a = %g ksi\\nsigma_b = %g ksi\\nsigma_b/sigma_a = %g\\n')%(sigma_a,sigma_b,sigma_b/sigma_a);\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#calculation 2\n",
+    "print('\\n\\nAt 825deg F\\n');\n",
+    "sigma_a=C_825*e1**m_825;\n",
+    "sigma_b=C_825*e2**m_825;\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#result 2\n",
+    "print('sigma_a = %g ksi\\nsigma_b = %g ksi\\nsigma_b/sigma_a = %g\\n')%(sigma_a,sigma_b,sigma_b/sigma_a);\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/screenshots/13.PNG b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/screenshots/13.PNG
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4b53b239
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter/screenshots/13.PNG
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author	Thomas Stephen Lee	2015-09-07 17:46:06 +0530
committer	Thomas Stephen Lee	2015-09-07 17:46:06 +0530
commit	78784b374b2d1a9be66eb4ad41470409e2bd4dfa (patch)
tree	7b0144248a9d5c9b6c66065697177ee04a30f93e /Mechanical_Metallurgy_by_George_E._Dieter
parent	41f1f72e9502f5c3de6ca16b303803dfcf1df594 (diff)
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