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| author | hardythe1 | 2015-05-05 14:21:39 +0530 |
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| committer | hardythe1 | 2015-05-05 14:21:39 +0530 |
| commit | 435840cef00c596d9e608f9eb2d96f522ea8505a (patch) | |
| tree | 4c783890c984c67022977ca98432e5e4bab30678 /Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements | |
| parent | aa1863f344766ca7f7c20a395e58d0fb23c52130 (diff) | |
| download | Python-Textbook-Companions-435840cef00c596d9e608f9eb2d96f522ea8505a.tar.gz Python-Textbook-Companions-435840cef00c596d9e608f9eb2d96f522ea8505a.tar.bz2 Python-Textbook-Companions-435840cef00c596d9e608f9eb2d96f522ea8505a.zip | |
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diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter10.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter10.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..66963b37 --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter10.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:c81ea1dd6c9cc1e2e41ac05c3336a82a69ef851ca3e89f18fcee6fcbfb433811" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter10 - Special Oscilloscopes" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.11.1 - page10-18" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# sampling rate\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "N=10.0 #number of cycles\n", + "f1=1*10**3 #in Hz\n", + "f2=100*10**3 # in Hz\n", + "sampling_period1=N/f1 # in seconds\n", + "sampling_frequency1=1/sampling_period1 # in Hz\n", + "print \"sampling frequency of 1 kHz signal is \", sampling_frequency1, \" samples/second\"\n", + "sampling_period2=N/f2 # in seconds\n", + "sampling_frequency2=1/sampling_period2 # in Hz\n", + "print \"sampling frequency of 100 kHz signal is \", sampling_frequency2,\" samples/second\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "sampling frequency of 1 kHz signal is 100.0 samples/second\n", + "sampling frequency of 100 kHz signal is 10000.0 samples/second\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example10.13.1 - page10-22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# sampling rate\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "N=10.0 #number of cycles\n", + "f=1*10**3 #in Hz\n", + "sampling_period=N/f # in seconds\n", + "sampling_rate=1/sampling_period # in Hz\n", + "print \"sampling rate is \",sampling_rate,\" samples/second\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "sampling rate is 100.0 samples/second\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter11.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter11.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..d9ae373c --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter11.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:ce9c4ba63f9ce316e76597a7788141e75bacb70902db486d65612d29b6d08c96" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 11 - Instrument Calibration" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.3.1 - page11-7" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# percentage of the reading and percentage of full scale\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "a=10 #scale reading\n", + "b=70 # full scale\n", + "error1=-(0.5/10)*100 # in %\n", + "print \"step 1\"\n", + "print \"error of reading \", error1, \" %\"\n", + "error2=-(0.5/100)*100 # in %\n", + "print \"error of full scale is \", error2, \" %\"\n", + "print \"step 2\"\n", + "error3=(2.5/70)*100 # in %\n", + "print \"error of reading is \", round(error3,2), \" %\"\n", + "error4=(2.5/100)*100 # in %\n", + "print \"error of full scale is\", error4, \" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "step 1\n", + "error of reading -5.0 %\n", + "error of full scale is -0.5 %\n", + "step 2\n", + "error of reading is 3.57 %\n", + "error of full scale is 2.5 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.3.2 - page11-9" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # wattmeter error and correction figure\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "P1=120.0 # in W\n", + "V=114.0 #in volts\n", + "I=1 #in A\n", + "P=V*I \n", + "error1=P-P1 # in W\n", + "print \"correction figure is \", error1, \" W\"\n", + "error2=(error1/P1)*100 # in %\n", + "print \"wattmeter error is \",error2,\" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "correction figure is -6.0 W\n", + "wattmeter error is -5.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter12.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter12.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..20148432 --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter12.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:35a41e7b4dbc1cdc77b9a35c5ee4f207fb6b4dc38c71b3e96011895ab456b780" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter12 - Recorders" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 12.5.1 - page12-7 " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# chart speed\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "f=50.0 # frequency in Hz\n", + "period=1/f # in seconds\n", + "t=5 #in mm/cycle\n", + "chart_speed=t/period\n", + "print \"chart speed = \", chart_speed,\" mm/s\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "chart speed = 250.0 mm/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter2.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter2.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..3442a20e --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,1549 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:95b9e0f83468dda84f2de4d99c5a704a6fadf8064c232b063678fd245192ca75" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter2 - Measurement Errors" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.1 - page : 2-8" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#precision of the 5th measurement\n", + "#given data :\n", + "X1=98.0 \n", + "X2=101.0\n", + "X3=102.0 \n", + "X4=97.0 \n", + "X5=101.0 \n", + "X6=100.0 \n", + "X7=103.0 \n", + "X8=98.0 \n", + "X9=106.0 \n", + "X10=99.0 \n", + "Xn_bar=(X1+X2+X3+X4+X5+X6+X7+X8+X9+X10)/10 \n", + "Xn=101 # value of 5th measurement\n", + "P=(1-abs((Xn-Xn_bar)/Xn_bar))*100 \n", + "print \"Precision of the 5th measurement, P = \", round(P,2), \" %\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Precision of the 5th measurement, P = 99.5 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.2.i - page : 2-10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Absolute error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Ae=80.0 # in V\n", + "Am=79.0 # in V\n", + "e=Ae-Am \n", + "print \"Absolute error, e = \", e, \" V\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Absolute error, e = 1.0 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.2.ii - page : 2-10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Ae=80.0 # in V\n", + "Am=79.0 # in V\n", + "e=Ae-Am \n", + "error1=(e/Ae)*100 \n", + "print \"Error = \", error1, \" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Error = 1.25 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.2.iii - page : 2-10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Relative accuracy\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Ae=80.0 # in V\n", + "Am=79.0 # in V\n", + "e=Ae-Am \n", + "error1=(e/Ae)*100 \n", + "A=(1-abs(e/Ae)) \n", + "print \"Relative Accuracy, A = \", A" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Relative Accuracy, A = 0.9875\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.2.iv - page : 2-10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# % accuracy\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Ae=80.0 # in V\n", + "Am=79.0 # in V\n", + "e=Ae-Am \n", + "error1=(e/Ae)*100 \n", + "A=(1-abs(e/Ae)) \n", + "accuracy=A*100 \n", + "print \"Accuracy = \", accuracy, \" %\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Accuracy = 98.75 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.2.v - page : 2-10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# % error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Ae=80.0 # in V\n", + "Am=79.0 # in V\n", + "e=Ae-Am \n", + "f=100.0 #full scale deflection\n", + "error1=(e/Ae)*100 \n", + "A=(1-abs(e/Ae)) \n", + "accuracy=A*100 \n", + "P_error=(e/f)*100 \n", + "print \"% error = \", P_error, \" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "% error = 1.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.3 - page : 2-11" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Maximum error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "V1=100.0 # in V\n", + "V2=200.0 #in V\n", + "V=V2-V1 \n", + "A=0.25 #may be \u00b1 in %\n", + "max_error=(A/100)*V \n", + "print \"Maximum error = \u00b1 \", max_error, \" V\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Maximum error = \u00b1 0.25 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.4 - page : 2-12" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# sensitivity and deflection error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "C=4.0 # change in output in mm\n", + "M=8.0 # magnitude of input in ohm\n", + "S=C/M \n", + "print \"sensitivity, S = \", S, \" mm/ohm\"\n", + "D=M/C \n", + "print \"Deflection factor, D = \", D, \" ohm/mm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "sensitivity, S = 0.5 mm/ohm\n", + "Deflection factor, D = 2.0 ohm/mm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.5 - page : 2-14" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resolution\n", + "#given data :\n", + "V=200.0 # full scale reading in V\n", + "N=100.0 # number of divisions \n", + "Scale_div=V/N \n", + "R=(1.0/10)*Scale_div \n", + "print \"Resolution, R = \", R, \" V\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resolution, R = 0.2 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3.6 - page : 2-14" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resolution\n", + "#given data :\n", + "V=9.999 # full scale read out in volt\n", + "c=9999.0 # range from 0 to 9999\n", + "R=(1/c)*V*10**3 \n", + "print \"Resolution, R = \", R, \" mV\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resolution, R = 1.0 mV\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6.1 - page : 2-23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Magnitude and relative error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "R1=15.0 #ohm\n", + "E1=R1*5.0/100 # \u00b1 limiting error for R1\n", + "R2=33.0 #ohm\n", + "E2=R2*2.0/100 # \u00b1 limiting error for R2\n", + "R3=75.0 #ohm\n", + "E3=R3*5.0/100 # \u00b1 limiting error for R3\n", + "RT=R1+R2+R3 # ohm(in series)\n", + "ET=E1+E2+E3 #\u00b1limiting error for RT\n", + "print \"For series connection, magnitude is \", RT, \" ohm & limiting error is \u00b1 \", ET, \" ohm.\" \n", + "Epr=ET/RT*100 #%\n", + "print \"Percent relative error : \u00b1\", round(Epr,1),\" %\" \n", + "\n", + "# Answer is not accurate in the textbook." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "For series connection, magnitude is 123.0 ohm & limiting error is \u00b1 5.16 ohm.\n", + "Percent relative error : \u00b1 4.2 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6.2 - page : 2-23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Magnitude and relative error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "R1=36.0 #ohm\n", + "E1=5.0 # \u00b1 limiting error for R1\n", + "R2=75.0 #ohm\n", + "E2=5.0 # \u00b1 limiting error for R2\n", + "RT=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2) #ohm(in parallel)\n", + "EP1=E1+E2 # \u00b1 limiting error\n", + "EP2=((R1*E1)/(R1+R2))+((R2*E2)/(R1+R2)) \n", + "ET=EP1+EP2 \n", + "etm=(ET/100)*RT \n", + "print \"Magnitude of limiting error is \u00b1\", round(etm,2), \" ohm\"\n", + "print \"Percentage relative error is \u00b1\", ET, \" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Magnitude of limiting error is \u00b1 3.65 ohm\n", + "Percentage relative error is \u00b1 15.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6.3 page : 2-24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Limiting error\n", + "vr=40.0 #reading of voltmeter in volts\n", + "v=50.0 #rane in volts\n", + "va=50.0 #ammeeter reading in mA\n", + "i=125.0 #range in mA\n", + "fsd=2.0 #accurace in percentage in \u00b1\n", + "dv=(2.0/100)*v #limiting error of voltmeter\n", + "da=(2./100)*i #liming error of the ammeter in mA\n", + "erv=dv/vr #relative limiting error in voltmeter reading\n", + "eri=da/i #relative limiting error in ammeter reading\n", + "et=erv+eri \n", + "pet=et*100 #percentage limiting error of the power calcultaed\n", + "print \"Percentage limiting error of the power calcultaed is \u00b1 \",pet,\" %\"\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage limiting error of the power calcultaed is \u00b1 4.5 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6.4 - page : 2-25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# limiting error\n", + "r1=120.0 # ohm\n", + "er1=0.5 #limiting error in resistance 1 in ohm \u00b1\n", + "r2=2 #in A\n", + "er2=0.02 #limiting error in amperes \u00b1\n", + "e1=er2/r2 #limiting error in current\n", + "e2=er1/r1 #limiting eror in resistance\n", + "et=(2*e1+e2) #total error\n", + "etp=et*100 #percentage limtimg error\n", + "print \"Percentage limiting error in the value of power dissipation is \u00b1\",round(etp,3)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage limiting error in the value of power dissipation is \u00b1 2.417\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6.5 - page : 2-25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#magnitude and limiting error\n", + "r1=120 #in ohm\n", + "er1=0.1 #limiting error in resistance 1 in ohm \u00b1\n", + "r2=2700 #in ohm\n", + "er2=0.5 #limiting error in resistance 2 in ohm \u00b1\n", + "r3=470 #in ohm\n", + "er3=0.5 #limiting error in resistance 3 in ohm \u00b1\n", + "rxm=(r2*r3)/r1 #magnitude of unknown resistance in ohm\n", + "rxe=(er1+er2+er3) #error\n", + "er=(rxe*rxm)/100 #relative error \u00b1\n", + "print \"Magnitude of unknown resistance is \",rxm,\" kohm\"\n", + "print \"Relative limiting error is \u00b1\",er,\" ohm\"\n", + "print \"Guranteed value of resistance is between \",rxm-er, \" ohm to \" ,rxm+er,\" ohm\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Magnitude of unknown resistance is 10575 kohm\n", + "Relative limiting error is \u00b1 116.325 ohm\n", + "Guranteed value of resistance is between 10458.675 ohm to 10691.325 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6.6 - page : 2-26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# absolute error, % error, relative error, % accuracy and % error of full scale reading\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Ae=80.0 # in volt\n", + "Am=79 # in volt\n", + "fsd=100 #full scale reading in volt\n", + "e=Ae-Am \n", + "print \"Absolute error, e = \",e,\" V\"\n", + "error1=(e/Ae)*100 \n", + "print \"Error = \",error1,\" %\"\n", + "A=1-abs(e/Ae) \n", + "print \"Relative accuracy, A = \",A,\" %\"\n", + "p_accuracy=A*100 \n", + "print \"% accuracy = \",p_accuracy,\" %\"\n", + "error2=(e/fsd)*100 \n", + "print \"% error expressed as percentage of full scale reading = \",error2,\" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Absolute error, e = 1.0 V\n", + "Error = 1.25 %\n", + "Relative accuracy, A = 0.9875 %\n", + "% accuracy = 98.75 %\n", + "% error expressed as percentage of full scale reading = 1.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6.7 - page : 2-27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# limiting error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "fsd=100.0 # in V\n", + "A=1.0 # (+ve or -ve) in %\n", + "del_A=(A/100)*fsd \n", + "As=15.0 #in V\n", + "e1=del_A/As \n", + "e=e1*100 \n", + "print \"Limiting error, e = \",round(e,4),\" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Limiting error, e = 6.6667 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 22 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6.8 - page : 2-27 " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# limiting value of current and % limiting error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "As=2.5 # in A\n", + "fsd=10 #full scale reading in A\n", + "A=1.5/100 \n", + "del_A=A*fsd \n", + "At1=As+del_A \n", + "At2=As-del_A \n", + "print \"Limiting value of current, At1 = \",At1,\" A\"\n", + "print \"Limiting value of current, At2 = \",At2,\" A\"\n", + "e=(del_A/As)*100 \n", + "print \"Percentage limiting error, e = \",e,\" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Limiting value of current, At1 = 2.65 A\n", + "Limiting value of current, At2 = 2.35 A\n", + "Percentage limiting error, e = 6.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 23 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.1.i - page : 2-30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#ARITHEMATIC MEAN\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[49.7,50.1,50.2,49.6,49.7] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "print \"Arithematic mean is \",AM\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithematic mean is 49.86\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 57 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.1.ii - page : 2-30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#deviation\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[49.7,50.1,50.2,49.6,49.7] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "print \"Deviations of each value are : \"\n", + "for dev in d:\n", + " print dev\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Deviations of each value are : \n", + "-0.16\n", + "0.24\n", + "0.34\n", + "-0.26\n", + "-0.16\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 58 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.1.iii - page : 2-30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#algebric sum of deviation\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[49.7,50.1,50.2,49.6,49.7] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "dtotal=sum(d)\n", + "print \"Algebric sum of deviation is\", round(dtotal,4)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Algebric sum of deviation is 0.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 59 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.1.iv - page : 2-30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#standard deviation\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[49.7,50.1,50.2,49.6,49.7] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "sigma=0\n", + "n=5 # no. of measurements\n", + "for dev in d:\n", + " sigma+=dev**2\n", + "sigma/=(n-1)\n", + "sigma**=(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Standard Deviation is \",round(sigma,2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Standard Deviation is 0.27\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 60 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.2.i - page : 2-31" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#ARITHEMATIC MEAN\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[101.2,101.4,101.7,101.3,101.3,101.2,101.0,101.3,101.5,101.1] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "print \"Arithematic mean is \",AM,\" V\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithematic mean is 101.3 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 61 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.2.ii - page : 2-31" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Deviation from mean\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[101.2,101.4,101.7,101.3,101.3,101.2,101.0,101.3,101.5,101.1] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "print \"Deviations of each value are : \"\n", + "for dev in d:\n", + " print dev\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Deviations of each value are : \n", + "-0.1\n", + "0.1\n", + "0.4\n", + "0.0\n", + "0.0\n", + "-0.1\n", + "-0.3\n", + "0.0\n", + "0.2\n", + "-0.2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 62 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.2.iii - page : 2-31" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#standard deviation\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[101.2,101.4,101.7,101.3,101.3,101.2,101.0,101.3,101.5,101.1] \n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "sigma=0\n", + "n=10 # no. of measurements\n", + "for dev in d:\n", + " sigma+=dev**2\n", + "sigma/=(n-1)\n", + "sigma**=(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Standard Deviation is \",round(sigma,2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Standard Deviation is 0.2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 63 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.2.iv - page : 2-31" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#probable error\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[101.2,101.4,101.7,101.3,101.3,101.2,101.0,101.3,101.5,101.1] \n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "sigma=0\n", + "n=10 # no. of measurements\n", + "for dev in d:\n", + " sigma+=dev**2\n", + "sigma/=(n-1)\n", + "sigma**=(1.0/2)\n", + "pe1=0.6745*sigma # Probable error of one reading\n", + "print \"Probable error of one reading is \",pe1,\" V\"\n", + "pm=pe1/(n-1)**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Probable error of mean is \",round(pm,5)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Probable error of one reading is 0.1349 V\n", + "Probable error of mean is 0.04497\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 64 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.3.i - page : 2-32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Arithmetic mean\n", + "#given data :\n", + "X1=147.2 # in nF\n", + "X2=147.4 # in nF\n", + "X3=147.9 # in nF\n", + "X4=148.1 # in nF\n", + "X5=148.1 # in nF\n", + "X6=147.5 # in nF\n", + "X7=147.6 # in nF\n", + "X8=147.4 # in nF\n", + "X9=147.6 # in nF\n", + "X10=147.5 # in nF\n", + "AM=(X1+X2+X3+X4+X5+X6+X7+X8+X9+X10)/10 \n", + "print \"Arithmetic mean, AM = \",AM,\" nF\" " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithmetic mean, AM = 147.63 nF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 77 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.3.ii - page : 2-32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Average deviation\n", + "#given data :\n", + "n=10 \n", + "X1=147.2 # in nF\n", + "X2=147.4 # in nF\n", + "X3=147.9 # in nF\n", + "X4=148.1 # in nF\n", + "X5=148.1 # in nF\n", + "X6=147.5 # in nF\n", + "X7=147.6 # in nF\n", + "X8=147.4 # in nF\n", + "X9=147.6 # in nF\n", + "X10=147.5 # in nF\n", + "AM=(X1+X2+X3+X4+X5+X6+X7+X8+X9+X10)/n \n", + "d1=X1-AM \n", + "d2=X2-AM \n", + "d3=X3-AM \n", + "d4=X4-AM \n", + "d5=X5-AM \n", + "d6=X6-AM \n", + "d7=X7-AM \n", + "d8=X8-AM \n", + "d9=X9-AM \n", + "d10=X10-AM \n", + "Average_deviation=(abs(d1)+abs(d2)+abs(d3)+abs(d4)+abs(d5)+abs(d5)+abs(d6)+abs(d7)+abs(d8)+abs(d9)+abs(d10))/n \n", + "print \"Average deviation = \",Average_deviation,\" nF\"\n", + "# answer is wrong in book" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Average deviation = 0.289 nF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 79 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.3.iii - page : 2-32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Standard deviation\n", + "#given data :\n", + "n=10 \n", + "X1=147.2 # in nF\n", + "X2=147.4 # in nF\n", + "X3=147.9 # in nF\n", + "X4=148.1 # in nF\n", + "X5=148.1 # in nF\n", + "X6=147.5 # in nF\n", + "X7=147.6 # in nF\n", + "X8=147.4 # in nF\n", + "X9=147.6 # in nF\n", + "X10=147.5 # in nF\n", + "AM=(X1+X2+X3+X4+X5+X6+X7+X8+X9+X10)/n \n", + "d1=X1-AM \n", + "d2=X2-AM \n", + "d3=X3-AM \n", + "d4=X4-AM \n", + "d5=X5-AM \n", + "d6=X6-AM \n", + "d7=X7-AM \n", + "d8=X8-AM \n", + "d9=X9-AM \n", + "d10=X10-AM \n", + "sigma=((d1**2+d2**2+d3**2+d4**2+d5**2+d6**2+d7**2+d8**2+d9**2+d10**2)/(n-1))**(1.0/2) \n", + "print \"Standard deviation = \",round(sigma,4),\" nF\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Standard deviation = 0.3057 nF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 82 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.3.iv - page : 2-32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#: Probable error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "n=10 \n", + "X1=147.2 # in nF\n", + "X2=147.4 # in nF\n", + "X3=147.9 # in nF\n", + "X4=148.1 # in nF\n", + "X5=148.1 # in nF\n", + "X6=147.5 # in nF\n", + "X7=147.6 # in nF\n", + "X8=147.4 # in nF\n", + "X9=147.6 # in nF\n", + "X10=147.5 # in nF\n", + "AM=(X1+X2+X3+X4+X5+X6+X7+X8+X9+X10)/n \n", + "d1=X1-AM \n", + "d2=X2-AM \n", + "d3=X3-AM \n", + "d4=X4-AM \n", + "d5=X5-AM \n", + "d6=X6-AM \n", + "d7=X7-AM \n", + "d8=X8-AM \n", + "d9=X9-AM \n", + "d10=X10-AM \n", + "sigma=((d1**2+d2**2+d3**2+d4**2+d5**2+d6**2+d7**2+d8**2+d9**2+d10**2)/(n-1))**(1.0/2)\n", + "Pe1=0.6745*sigma # probable error of one reading\n", + "probable_error=Pe1/(n-1)**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Probable error of one reading = \",round(Pe1,4),\" nF\"\n", + "print \"Probable error of mean = \",round(probable_error,4),\" nF\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Probable error of one reading = 0.2062 nF\n", + "Probable error of mean = 0.0687 nF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 86 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.4.i - page : 2-34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#ARITHEMATIC MEAN\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[10.3,10.7,10.9,9.7,9.5,9.2,10.3,11.7] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "print \"Arithematic mean is \",AM,\" kg/cm2\"\n", + "#answer is wrong in textbook\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithematic mean is 10.2875 kg/cm2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 65 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.4.ii - page : 2-34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#average deviation\n", + "import numpy\n", + "n=8 # NO. OF MEASUREMENTS\n", + "q=[10.3,10.7,10.9,9.7,9.5,9.2,10.3,11.7] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM # deviation\n", + "davg=sum(abs(d))/n # average deviation\n", + "print \"Average deviation = \",round(davg,4),\" kg/cm2\"\n", + "#answer is wrong in textbook" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Average deviation = 0.6156 kg/cm2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 66 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.4.iii - page : 2-34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#standard deviation\n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[10.3,10.7,10.9,9.7,9.5,9.2,10.3,11.7] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "sigma=0\n", + "n=8 # no. of measurements\n", + "for dev in d:\n", + " sigma+=dev**2\n", + "sigma/=(n-1)\n", + "sigma**=(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Standard Deviation is \",round(sigma,4),\" kg/cm2\"\n", + "#answer is wrong in textbook\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Standard Deviation is 0.8184 kg/cm2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 95 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7.4.iv - page : 2-34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#probable error\n", + "n=8 # no. of measurements\n", + "q=[10.3,10.7,10.9,9.7,9.5,9.2,10.3,11.7] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "sigma=0\n", + "n=10 # no. of measurements\n", + "for dev in d:\n", + " sigma+=dev**2\n", + "sigma/=(n-1)\n", + "sigma**=(1.0/2)\n", + "pe1=0.6745*sigma # Probable error of one reading\n", + "print \"Probable error of one reading is \",round(pe1,4),\" kg/cm2\"\n", + "pm=pe1/(n-1)**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Probable error of mean is \",round(pm,4),\" kg/cm2\"\n", + "#answer is wrong in textbook\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Probable error of one reading is 0.4868 kg/cm2\n", + "Probable error of mean is 0.1623 kg/cm2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 67 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.8.1 - page : 2-34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#ARITHEMATIC MEAN ,median value ,standard deviation and variance\n", + "q=[25.5,30.3,31.1,29.6,32.4,39.4,28.9,30.0,33.3,31.4,29.5,30.5,31.7,33.0,29.2] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q) #arithematic mean in mm\n", + "n=len(q) # no. of measurements\n", + "Q=q-AM\n", + "mv=sorted(q)[n/2] # get the median value from sorted q\n", + "d=q-AM\n", + "sigma=0\n", + "for dev in d:\n", + " sigma+=dev**2\n", + "sigma/=(n-1)\n", + "sigma**=(1.0/2) #standard deviation\n", + "V=sigma**2 #variance\n", + "print \"Arithematic mean is \",round(AM,4),\" V\"\n", + "print \"Median value is\",round(mv,1)\n", + "\n", + "print \"Standard Deviation is \",round(sigma,2)\n", + "\n", + "print \"Variance is \",round(V,0)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithematic mean is 31.0533 V\n", + "Median value is 30.5\n", + "Standard Deviation is 3.0\n", + "Variance is 9.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 116 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.8.2 - page : 2-37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#ARITHEMATIC MEAN\n", + "#from __future__ import division\n", + "v=[10,11,12,13,14] #\n", + "f=[03,12,18,12,03] #\n", + "xn=[a*b for a,b in zip(v,f)]\n", + "am=sum(xn)/sum(f) # arithmetic mean\n", + "print \"Arithematic mean is \",am,\" V\"\n", + "dn=[x-am for x in v] # deviation\n", + "n_dn=[a*b for a,b in zip(f,dn)]\n", + "dn2=[a*b for a,b in zip(dn,dn)]\n", + "n_dn2=[a*b for a,b in zip(f,dn2)]\n", + "absn_dn=[abs(a) for a in n_dn]\n", + "mean_dev=sum(absn_dn)/sum(f)\n", + "print \"Mean deviation = \",mean_dev\n", + "sigma=(sum(n_dn2)/sum(f))**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Standard deviation is \", sigma\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithematic mean is 12.0 V\n", + "Mean deviation = 0.75\n", + "Standard deviation is 1.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 46 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.8.3 - page : 2-37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#ARITHEMATIC MEAN ,median value ,standard deviation \n", + "import numpy\n", + "q=[29.2,29.5,29.6,30.0,30.5,31.4,31.7,32.4,33.0,33.3,39.4,28.9] #\n", + "AM= numpy.mean(q)#arithematic mean in mm\n", + "print \"Arithematic mean is \",round(AM,2)\n", + "mv=sorted(q)[int(len(q)/2-1)]\n", + "print \"Median value = \",mv\n", + "d=[x-AM for x in q]\n", + "d2=[x**2 for x in d]\n", + "sigma=(sum(d2)/(len(q)-1))**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Standard Deviation = \",round(sigma,3)\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Arithematic mean is 31.57\n", + "Median value = 30.5\n", + "Standard Deviation = 2.886\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 97 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.8.4 - page:2-39" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Unknown resistor \n", + "#given data :\n", + "S=1000.0 # ohm/V\n", + "V=100.0 #in V\n", + "I=5*10**-3 # in A\n", + "# part (i)\n", + "R_app=(V/I)*10**-3 \n", + "print \"(i) Apparent Resistor, R_app = \",R_app, \" kohm\"\n", + "# part (ii)\n", + "V1=150 #in V\n", + "Rv=S*V1*10**-3 \n", + "Rx=Rv/6.5 #actual resistance in kohm\n", + "print \"(ii) Actual resistance is \",round(Rx,2),\" kohm.\"\n", + "# part(iii)\n", + "per=(Rx-R_app)/Rx*100 # in %\n", + "print \"(iii) Percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter is \",round(per,1), \" %\" \n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(i) Apparent Resistor, R_app = 20.0 kohm\n", + "(ii) Actual resistance is 23.08 kohm.\n", + "(iii) Percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter is 13.3 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 103 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.8.5 - page : 2-40" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# limiting error\n", + "#given data :\n", + "del_A=2.5 # may be +ve or-ve in %\n", + "As=400.0 \n", + "FSD=600.0 # in V\n", + "del_A1=(del_A/100)*FSD \n", + "e=(del_A1/As)*100 # in %\n", + "print \"Limiting error, e = \",e, \" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Limiting error, e = 3.75 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 104 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter3.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter3.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..987db16f --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter3.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,734 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:212ce889d9f64f00c714723a9e3110b735cade9ea1d505fecd98a7e24257c63b" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter3 - Electromechanical Instruments" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.2.1 - page : 3-5" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Torque\n", + "#given data :\n", + "N=10 # turns\n", + "L=1.5*10**-2 # in m\n", + "I=1 # in mA\n", + "I*=10**-3 #A\n", + "B=0.5 # T\n", + "d=1*10**-2 # in m\n", + "Td=B*I*L*d*N # Nm\n", + "print \"Torque, Td = \", Td,\"Nm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Torque, Td = 7.5e-07 Nm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.2. - page : 3-5" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# number of turns\n", + "#given data :\n", + "import math\n", + "theta=math.pi/2\n", + "I=5*10**-3 # in A\n", + "B=1.8*10**-3 # in Wb/m2\n", + "C=0.14*10**-6 # in Nm/rad\n", + "L=15*10**-3 # in m\n", + "d=12*10**-3 # in m\n", + "N=(C*theta)/(B*I*L*d)\n", + "print \"Number of turns, N = \", round(N),\"turns\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Number of turns, N = 136.0 turns\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.2.3 - page : 3-6" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# resistance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Tc=240*10**-6 #in Nm\n", + "N=100 # Turns\n", + "L=40*10**-3 # in m\n", + "d=30*10**-3 # in m\n", + "B=1 #in Wb/m2\n", + "TdBYI=N*B*L*d\n", + "I=Tc/TdBYI\n", + "#voltage per division=I*(R/100)\n", + "R=100/I # ohm\n", + "R*=10**-3 # kohm\n", + "print \"Resistance, R = \", R,\"kohm\"\n", + "#UNIT IS GIVEN WRONG FOR THE ANSWER IN THE BOOK." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance, R = 50.0 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.2.4 - page : 3-7" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# flux density and diameter\n", + "import math\n", + "#given data :\n", + "p=1.7*10**-8 #in ohm-m\n", + "V=100*10**-3 #in V\n", + "R=50 # in ohm\n", + "theta=120 #in degree\n", + "L=30 # in mm\n", + "d=25 # in mm\n", + "N=100\n", + "C=0.375*10**-6 # in Nm/degree\n", + "I=V/R # A\n", + "Td_By_B=I*L*10**-3*d*10**-3*N\n", + "Tc=C*theta # N-m\n", + "B=Tc/Td_By_B # in Wb/m2\n", + "print \"The flux density, B = \", B,\"Wb/m2\"\n", + "Rc=0.3*R\n", + "Lmt=2*(L+d)\n", + "a=(N*p*Lmt*10**-3*10**6)/Rc\n", + "D=(4/(math.pi*a))**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Diameter, D = \", round(D,1),\"m\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The flux density, B = 0.3 Wb/m2\n", + "Diameter, D = 10.1 m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.4.1 - page : 3-11" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# shunt resistor\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Im=3*10**-3 # in A\n", + "Rm=100 # in ohm\n", + "I=150*10**-3 #in A\n", + "Rsh=(Im*Rm)/(I-Im)\n", + "print \"Shunt resistor, Rsh = \", round(Rsh,2),\"ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Shunt resistor, Rsh = 2.04 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.4.2 - page : 3-11" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# shunt resistormultiplying factor and resistance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Rsh=300 #in ohm\n", + "Rm=1500 #in ohm\n", + "m=1+(Rm/Rsh)\n", + "print \"Multiplying factor, m = \",m\n", + "m1=40.0\n", + "Rsh1=Rm/(m1-1)\n", + "print \"The shunt resistor, Rsh1 = \", round(Rsh1,2),\"ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Multiplying factor, m = 6\n", + "The shunt resistor, Rsh1 = 38.46 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.5.1 - page : 3-13" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#given data :\n", + "Rm=100.0 # in ohm\n", + "Im=1.0\n", + "#for range 0-20 mA\n", + "I1=20.0\n", + "m=I1/Im\n", + "Rsh1=Rm/(m-1)\n", + "print \"The shunt resistor, Rsh1 = \", round(Rsh1,2),\"ohm\"\n", + "#for the range of 0-100 mA\n", + "I2=100.0\n", + "m=I2/Im\n", + "Rsh2=Rm/(m-1)\n", + "print \"The shunt resistor, Rsh2 = \", round(Rsh2,2),\"ohm\"\n", + "#for the range 0-200 mA\n", + "I3=200.0\n", + "m=I3/Im\n", + "Rsh3=Rm/(m-1)\n", + "print \"The shunt resistor, Rsh3 = \", round(Rsh3,2),\"ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The shunt resistor, Rsh1 = 5.26 ohm\n", + "The shunt resistor, Rsh2 = 1.01 ohm\n", + "The shunt resistor, Rsh3 = 0.5 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.6.1 - page : 3-15" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import numpy\n", + "from numpy.linalg import inv\n", + "#design\n", + "Rm=50.0 #in ohm\n", + "Im=2.0 #in mA\n", + "Im*=10**-3 # A\n", + "I1=2.0 #in A\n", + "I2=10.0 #in A\n", + "I3=15.0 #in A\n", + "#Let Rs=R1+R2+R3\n", + "A=numpy.array([[I1,I1,I1],[-Im,I2,I2],[Im,Im,-I3]])\n", + "B=numpy.array([[Im*Rm],[Im*Rm],[-Im*Rm]])\n", + "Ainv=inv(A)\n", + "X=numpy.dot(Ainv,B)\n", + "R1=X[0]\n", + "R2=X[1]\n", + "R3=X[2]\n", + "print \"Value of shunt resistors are : \"\n", + "print \"R1 is %f ohm, R2 is %.1e ohm & R3 is %.2e ohm\" %(round(R1,5), R2, R3)\n", + "# Answer is wrong in the textbook." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " Value of shunt resistors are : \n", + "R1 is 0.039990 ohm, R2 is 3.3e-03 ohm & R3 is 6.67e-03 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.9.1 - page : 3-19" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Multiplier\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "Vin=20.0 #in volts\n", + "I_fsd=50.0*10 **-6 # in Farad\n", + "Rm=200.0 # in ohm\n", + "Rs=(Vin/I_fsd)-Rm # in ohm\n", + "Rs=Rs/10**3 # kohm\n", + "print \"The multiplier, Rs = \", Rs, \" kohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The multiplier, Rs = 399.8 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.9.2 - page : 3-19" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Full scale deflection current\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Vin=10.0 # in V\n", + "Rs=200.0 #in kohm\n", + "Rm=400.0 # in ohm\n", + "I_fsd=Vin/((Rs*10 **3)+Rm) # A\n", + "I_fsd*=10**6 # micro A\n", + "print \"Full scale deflection current, I_fsd = \", round(I_fsd,1), \" micro A\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Full scale deflection current, I_fsd = 49.9 micro A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.10.1 - page : 3-22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Multiplier\n", + "#given data :\n", + "V1=200.0 #in V\n", + "V2=100.0 #in V\n", + "V3=10.0 # in V\n", + "Rm=100.0 #in ohm\n", + "I_fsd=50*10 **-3 \n", + "#for the range 0-10V \n", + "Rt3=V3/I_fsd \n", + "Rs3=Rt3-Rm # ohm\n", + "print \"The multiplier, Rs3 = \", Rs3, \" ohm.\"\n", + "#for the range 0-100V\n", + "Rt2=V2/I_fsd \n", + "Rs2=Rt2-(Rm+Rs3) # ohm \n", + "print \"The multiplier, Rs2 = \", Rs2, \" ohm.\"\n", + "Rt1=V1/I_fsd \n", + "Rs1=Rt1-(Rm+Rs3+Rs2) \n", + "print \"The multiplier, Rs1 = \", Rs1, \" ohm.\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The multiplier, Rs3 = 100.0 ohm.\n", + "The multiplier, Rs2 = 1800.0 ohm.\n", + "The multiplier, Rs1 = 2000.0 ohm.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 33 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.11.1 - page : 3-23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Multiplier\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Rm=200.0 #in ohm\n", + "I_fsd=150.0*10 **-6 # in A\n", + "S=1/I_fsd \n", + "V=50 #in V\n", + "Rs=(S*V)-Rm # ohm \n", + "Rs*=10**-3 # kohm\n", + "print \"Multiplier, Rs = \", round(Rs,2), \" kohm.\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Multiplier, Rs = 333.13 kohm.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.11.2 - page : 3-24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Accurate voltmeter reading\n", + "r1=50.0 # in kohms\n", + "r2=50.0 #in kohms\n", + "v=100.0 #in V\n", + "vr2=(r1/(r1+r2))*v # voltage in V\n", + "#case 1\n", + "s1=12000.0 #sensivity in ohm/V\n", + "rm1=r1*s1*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "req=((rm1*r1)/(rm1+r1)) #equivalent resistance in ohm\n", + "v1=((req/(r1+req)))*v # voltmeter reading when sensivity is 12000 ohm/V\n", + "#case 2\n", + "s2=15000 #sensivity in ohm/V V\n", + "rm2=r1*s2*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "req1=((rm2*r1)/(rm2+r1)) #equivalent resistance in ohm\n", + "v2=((req1/(r1+req1)))*v # voltmeter reading when sensivity is 15000 ohm/V\n", + "print \"Voltmeter reading when sensivity is 12000 ohm/V is \", round(v1,2), \" V\"\n", + "print \"Voltmeter reading when sensivity is 15000 ohm/V is \", round(v2,2), \" V. This voltmeter will measure the correct value.\"\n", + "# Answer in the textbook is not accurate" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Voltmeter reading when sensivity is 12000 ohm/V is 48.0 V\n", + "Voltmeter reading when sensivity is 15000 ohm/V is 48.39 V. This voltmeter will measure the correct value.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.15.1 - page : 3-28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#voltage\n", + "r1=25.0 # kohms\n", + "r2=5.0 #in kohms\n", + "v=30.0 #in V\n", + "# part(i)\n", + "vr2=(r2/(r1+r2))*v # voltage in V across 5 kohms resistance\n", + "Vactual=vr2 # V\n", + "print \"Voltage across 5 kohm Resistance is \", vr2, \" V.\"\n", + "#part (ii)\n", + "vr2=(r1/(r1+r2))*v # voltage in V across 5 kohm resistance\n", + "#case 1\n", + "s1=1.0 #sensivity in kohm/V\n", + "v1=10.0 # in V\n", + "rm1=v1*s1 #in kohm\n", + "req=((rm1*r2)/(rm1+r2)) # equivalent resistance in ohm\n", + "vrb1=((req/(r1+req)))*v # voltmeter reading when sensivity is 1 kohm/V\n", + "print \"Voltmeter reading when sensivity is 1 kohm/V is \",round(vrb1,2), \" V.\"\n", + "# part(iii)\n", + "#case 2\n", + "s2=20 #sensivity in kohm/V\n", + "v1=10 # in V\n", + "rm2=v1*s2 #in kohm\n", + "req1=((rm2*r2)/(rm2+r2)) #equivalent resistance in ohm\n", + "vrb2=((req1/(r1+req1)))*v # voltmeter reading when sensivity is 1 kohm/V\n", + "print \"Voltmeter reading when sensivity is 1 kohm/V is \",round(vrb2,2), \" V.\"\n", + "#part(iii) #error\n", + "er1=(Vactual-vrb1)/Vactual*100 #voltmeter 1 error in %\n", + "er2=(Vactual-vrb2)/Vactual*100 #voltmeter 2 error in %\n", + "print \"Voltmeter 1 error is \",round(er1,2),\" %\"\n", + "print \"Voltmeter 2 error is \",round(er2,1),\" %\"\n", + "#Answer is wrong in the textbook" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Voltage across 5 kohm Resistance is 5.0 V.\n", + "Voltmeter reading when sensivity is 1 kohm/V is 3.53 V.\n", + "Voltmeter reading when sensivity is 1 kohm/V is 4.9 V.\n", + "Voltmeter 1 error is 29.41 %\n", + "Voltmeter 2 error is 2.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 20 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.15.2 - page : 3-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Shunt resistance\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "Im=1.0 # in mA\n", + "Rm=100.0 # in ohm\n", + "I=100.0 # in mA\n", + "Rsh=(Im*10**-3*Rm)/((I-Im)*10**-3) \n", + "print \"Shunt resistance, Rsh = \",round(Rsh,3),\" ohm.\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Shunt resistance, Rsh = 1.01 ohm.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.15.3 - page : 3-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Shunt resistance\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "Im=1.0 # in mA\n", + "P=100.0 # in kW\n", + "I=100.0 # in mA\n", + "Rm=(P)/(Im)**2 # ohm\n", + "Rsh=((Im*10**-3*Rm*10**3)/((I-Im)*10**-3))*10**-3 # ohm\n", + "print \"Shunt resistance, Rsh = \",round(Rsh,3), \" kohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Shunt resistance, Rsh = 1.01 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 22 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.15.4 - page : 3-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Shunt resistance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Rsh=200.0 # in ohm\n", + "Rm=100.0 # in ohm\n", + "m=50.0 \n", + "Rsh=Rm/(m-1) # ohm\n", + "print \"The shunt resistance, Rsh = \", round(Rsh,2), \" ohm.\" " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The shunt resistance, Rsh = 2.04 ohm.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 23 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.15.5 - page : 3-30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# shunt resistance\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "Im=1.0 # in mA\n", + "Rm=100.0 # in ohm\n", + "I=100.0 # in mA\n", + "Rsh=(Im*10**-3*Rm)/((I-Im)*10**-3) # ohm\n", + "print \"Shunt resistance, Rsh = \", round(Rsh,3), \" kohm.\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Shunt resistance, Rsh = 1.01 kohm.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 24 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter4.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter4.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..66a0b7e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter4.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,424 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:fc56911ca78177974b04004faec461a6b97c01b43d461299fb0cf06eea3ba6da" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter4 - Analog Electronic Volt-Ohm Milliammeters" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.2.1 - page : 4-4" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Peak amplitude\n", + "#given data :\n", + "E_rms=230.0 #in V\n", + "Ep=2**(1.0/2)*E_rms \n", + "print \"Peak amplitude, Ep = \", round(Ep,2), \" V.\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Peak amplitude, Ep = 325.27 V.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.12.1 - page : 4-21" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resistance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "import math\n", + "Rm=500.0 #in ohm\n", + "E_rms=50.0 # in V\n", + "E_dc=(2**(1.0/2)*E_rms)/(math.pi/2) \n", + "Im=1*10**-3 #in A\n", + "R=E_dc/Im \n", + "Rs=(R-Rm)*10**-3 \n", + "print \"The resistance, Rs = \", round(Rs,1), \" kohm.\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The resistance, Rs = 44.5 kohm.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.14.1 - page : 4-25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Percentage error\n", + "ff1=1.0 #form factor\n", + "r=1.11 #sine wave form factor\n", + "per=((r-ff1)/ff1)*100 #percentage error\n", + "print \"Percentage error is \", per, \" %\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage error is 11.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.14.2 - page : 4-26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#part (i)\n", + "# form factor\n", + "T1=3.0 #\n", + "T=range(0,4) \n", + "##Function for integration\n", + "def integrate(a,b,f):\n", + " # def function before using this\n", + " # eg. : f=lambda t:200**2*t**2\n", + " #a=lower limit;b=upper limit;f is a function\n", + " import numpy\n", + " N=1000 # points for iteration\n", + " t=numpy.linspace(a,b,N)\n", + " ft=f(t)\n", + " ans=numpy.sum(ft)*(b-a)/N\n", + " return ans\n", + "# Calculating Vrms\n", + "a=T[0]\n", + "b=T[3]\n", + "f=lambda t:200**2*t**2\n", + "Vrms=(1/T1*integrate(a,b,f))**(1.0/2) # V\n", + "# Calculating Vav\n", + "g=lambda t:200*t\n", + "Vav=1/T1*integrate(a,b,g) # V\n", + "ff=Vrms/Vav # form factor\n", + "print \"Form factor is \", round(ff,4)\n", + "# part (ii)\n", + "ff1=1.11 #form factor of sine wave\n", + "per=((ff1/ff)-1)*100 #percentage errpr\n", + "print \"Percentage error in meter indication is\", round(per,3), \" %\"\n", + "# Answer is not accurate in the textbook." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Form factor is 1.155\n", + "Percentage error in meter indication is -3.895 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.19.1 - page : 4-43" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Current\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "gm=0.005 #in mho\n", + "V1=1.5 #in V\n", + "rd=200.0*10**3 # in Ohm\n", + "Rd=15.0*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "Rm=75.0 #in ohm\n", + "I=(gm*V1*((Rd*rd)/(rd+Rd)))/((2*((Rd*rd)/(rd+Rd)))+Rm) # A\n", + "I*=10**3 # mA\n", + "print \"Current, I = \", round(I,2), \" mA\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Current, I = 3.74 mA\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.19.2 - page : 4-44" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Current\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "gm=0.005 #in mho\n", + "V1=[0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0] #in V\n", + "rd=200.0*10**3 # in Ohm\n", + "Rd=15.0*10**3 #in ohm\n", + "Rm=75.0 #in ohm\n", + "Im=[]\n", + "for v1 in V1:\n", + " Im.append(gm*(rd*Rd*v1/(rd+Rd))/(2.0*(rd*Rd/(rd+Rd))+Rm)*1000) # mA\n", + "#Im*=1000 # mA\n", + "print \"Voltage Current\"\n", + "i=0\n", + "for im in Im:\n", + " print V1[i],\" V \",round(Im[i],3),\" A\"\n", + " i+=1" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Voltage Current\n", + "0.2 V 0.499 A\n", + "0.4 V 0.997 A\n", + "0.6 V 1.496 A\n", + "0.8 V 1.995 A\n", + "1.0 V 2.493 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 23 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.19.3 - page : 4-44" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Design\n", + "v1=100.0 # in V\n", + "v2=30.0 #in V\n", + "v3=103.0 # in V\n", + "v4=1.0 #in V\n", + "x=9.0 #assume input resistance in Mohm\n", + "r4=(v4/v3)*x*10**3 #in kohm\n", + "r3=(((v4/v1)*x*10**6)-(r4*10**3))*10**-3 #in kohm\n", + "r2=(((v4/v2)*x*10**6)-((r4+r3)*10**3))*10**-3 # in kohm\n", + "r1=9*10**6-((r2+r3+r4)*10**3) # in ohm\n", + "r1*=10**-6 # Mohm\n", + "print \"Resistance, R4 is \",round(r4,2),\" kohm.\"\n", + "print \"Resistance, R3 is \",round(r3,2),\" kohm.\"\n", + "print \"Resistance, R2 is \",r2,\" kohm.\"\n", + "print \"Resistance, R1 is \",r1,\" Mohm.\"\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance, R4 is 87.38 kohm.\n", + "Resistance, R3 is 2.62 kohm.\n", + "Resistance, R2 is 210.0 kohm.\n", + "Resistance, R1 is 8.7 Mohm.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 26 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.19.4 - page : 4-51" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Current\n", + "#given data :\n", + "rd=150.0*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "Rm=50.0 # in ohm\n", + "Rs=1000.0*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "gm=0.0052 #in mho\n", + "rd1=rd/((gm*rd)+1) \n", + "V0=gm*((rd1*Rs)/(rd1+Rs))\n", + "R0=(2*Rs*rd1)/(Rs+rd1)\n", + "I=V0/(R0+Rm) # A\n", + "I*=10**3 # mA\n", + "print \"Curent, I = \", round(I,3),\" mA\"\n", + "# Answer in the textbook is not accurate." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Curent, I = 2.3 mA\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 28 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.19.5 - page : 4-52" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resistance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "V1=1.0 #in V\n", + "I=1.5*10**-3 #in A\n", + "rd=200.0*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "Rm=50.0 # in ohm\n", + "Rs=600.0*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "gm=0.005 #in mho\n", + "rd1=rd/((gm*rd)+1) \n", + "V0=gm*((rd1*Rs)/(rd1+Rs))*V1\n", + "R0=(2*Rs*rd1)/(Rs+rd1)\n", + "R_cal=(V0/I)-Rm-R0 \n", + "print \"Resistance , R_cal = \",round(R_cal,2),\" ohm\" \n", + "# answer is wrong in book" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance , R_cal = 216.31 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 29 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example q.3 - page : 4-73" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Current and voltage\n", + "rm=10.0 #in ohm\n", + "im=5.0 # in mA\n", + "i=1.0 # in A\n", + "v=5.0 #in A\n", + "ish=i-(im*10**-3) # in A\n", + "m=i/(im*10**-3) # ratio\n", + "rsh=rm/(m-1) #in ohm\n", + "vo=v/i #in V\n", + "rsh1=vo/(im) #in kohm\n", + "print \"Shunt resistance is \",round(rsh,2),\" ohm to measure current upto 1 A\"\n", + "print \"Shunt resistance is \", rsh1,\" kohm to measure voltage upto 5 V\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Shunt resistance is 0.05 ohm to measure current upto 1 A\n", + "Shunt resistance is 1.0 kohm to measure voltage upto 5 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 30 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter5.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter5.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..790db649 --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter5.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:fb80ed0ac7f61070ddb567219b6f89f7b3cc1db175d565fb219507a40eec868c" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter5 - Digital Voltmeters" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 5.10.1 - page5-25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Resolution\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "n=4.0 # no. of full digits\n", + "R=1/10**n \n", + "print \"Resolution of voltmeter, R = \", R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resolution of voltmeter, R = 0.0001\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 5.10.2 - page5-26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resolution\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "n=5.0 # no. of full digits\n", + "R=1.0/10**n \n", + "print \"Resolution, R = %.5f\" %R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resolution, R = 0.00001\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 5.10.3 - page5-26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resolution\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "n=4.0 # no. of full digits\n", + "R=1/10**n \n", + "print \"Resolution, R = \", R" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resolution, R = 0.0001\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 5.10.4 - page5-27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import numpy\n", + "import math\n", + "#Voltage and time interval\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "t1=1.0 #sec\n", + "R=100.0 #kohm\n", + "C=1.0 #micro F\n", + "C*=10**-6 # F\n", + "Vin=1.0 #V\n", + "Vref=5.0 #V\n", + "def integrate(a,b,f):\n", + " # def function before using this\n", + " # eg. : f=lambda t:200**2*t**2\n", + " #a=lower limit;b=upper limit;f is a function\n", + " import numpy\n", + " N=1000 # points for iteration\n", + " t=numpy.linspace(a,b,N)\n", + " #ft=f(t)\n", + " ans=numpy.sum(f)*(b-a)/N\n", + " return ans\n", + "# Calculating output vl=oltage\n", + "a=0\n", + "b=t1\n", + "Vout=1/R/C*integrate(a,b,Vin) # V\n", + "print \"Voltage developed at the output after 1 sec is \",Vout,\" V\"\n", + "#Vout=Vref*t2/R/C & Vout=Vin*t1/R/C\n", + "t2=t1*Vin/Vref #sec\n", + "print \"Time interval t2 is \",t2,\" sec\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Voltage developed at the output after 1 sec is 10.0 V\n", + "Time interval t2 is 0.2 sec\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter6.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter6.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..82ed6e02 --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter6.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:3cc9d2c4c0d6a493cdaa2dbc9383ef800411a8ab69ddf373e977319372599f8f" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter6 - Digital Frequency Meter" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.17.1 - page6-26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Desired gate time\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "r=0.1 #in Hz\n", + "D=1/r #in seconds\n", + "print \"The desired gate time, D = \", D,\" seconds\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The desired gate time, D = 10.0 seconds\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.17.2 - page6-27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Error in measurement\n", + "f1=1.0 # in Mhz\n", + "f2=200.0 #in kHz\n", + "per=(200*10**-3)*100 # percentage error that printlay may indicate 4 micro seconds or 6 micro seconds\n", + "per1=(1/50.0)*100 #percentage error after 10 times improvement\n", + "print \"Display may indicate 4 us or 6 us, percentage error is \", per,\" %\"\n", + "print \"Percentage error after 10 times improvement is \", per1,\" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Display may indicate 4 us or 6 us, percentage error is 20.0 %\n", + "Percentage error after 10 times improvement is 2.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.17.3 - page6-27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Measurement Accuracy\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "f=400.0 #Hz\n", + "time_accuracy=10**-8 # seconds\n", + "display_accuracy=1 #(+ve or -Ve)\n", + "t=10 # seconds\n", + "period=1/f*10**3 #ms\n", + "Accuracy= 1+((period)/10) #ms\n", + "print \"accuracy is \u00b1\",Accuracy,\" ms\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "accuracy is \u00b1 1.25 ms\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter7.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter7.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..de493fe2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter7.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,470 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:ea707a0cc7de0224e885823c97ef777e5b813dde41f39951ee0ed1ad37c83a74" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter7 - Low, High and Precise Resistance Measurements" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.1 - page7-24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resistance\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "R1=5.0 # in kohm\n", + "R2=7.0 # in kohm\n", + "R3=10.0 # in kohm\n", + "Rx=(R2*R3)/R1 \n", + "print \"Unknown resistance, Rx = \", Rx,\" kohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance, Rx = 14.0 kohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.2 - page7-24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Current\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "R1=1.5 # in kohm\n", + "R2=3.0 # in kohm\n", + "R3=5.0 # in kohm\n", + "R4=14.0 #in kohm\n", + "Rg=250.0 #in ohm\n", + "E=10.0 #in V\n", + "Vd=(E*R4)/(R2+R4) \n", + "Vc=(E*R3)/(R1+R3) \n", + "E_th=E*((R4/(R2+R4))-(R3/(R1+R3))) \n", + "R_th=((R1*R3)/(R1+R3))+((R2*R4)/(R2+R4)) \n", + "Ig=(E_th/((R_th*10**3)+Rg))*10**6 \n", + "print \"Current, Ig = \",round(Ig,2),\" micro A\"\n", + "# answer is wrong in book\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Current, Ig = 140.15 micro A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.3 - page7-26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Deflection\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "s=8 #sensivity in mm/micro A\n", + "R1=1.0 # in kohm\n", + "R2=5.0 # in kohm\n", + "R3=2.0 # in kohm\n", + "R4=10.0 #in kohm\n", + "Rg=150.0 #in ohm\n", + "E=6.0 #in V\n", + "r=10.0 # unbalance resistance in ohm\n", + "del_r=10.0 # in kohm\n", + "R4_1=((R4*10**3)+r)*10**-3 \n", + "Vd=(E*R4_1)/(R2+R4_1) \n", + "Vc=(E*R3)/(R1+R3) \n", + "E_th=E*((R4_1/(R2+R4_1))-(R3/(R1+R3))) \n", + "R_th=((R1*R3)/(R1+R3))+((R2*R4)/(R2+R4)) \n", + "Ig=(E_th/((R_th*10**3)+Rg))*10**6 \n", + "d=Ig*s #deflection in mm\n", + "print \"Deflection is \",round(d,1), \" mm\"\n", + "#answer is wrong in the textbook\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Deflection is 2.6 mm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.4 - page7-28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Current\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "R=500.0 #in ohm\n", + "Rg=150.0 # in ohm\n", + "del_r=10.0 # in ohm\n", + "E=6.0 #in V\n", + "E_th=(E*del_r)/(4*R) \n", + "R_th=R \n", + "Ig=(E_th/(R_th+Rg))*10**6 \n", + "print \"Current, Ig = \", round(Ig,3), \"micro A\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Current, Ig = 46.154 micro A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.5 page7-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Supply voltage\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "R=120.0 #in ohm\n", + "del_r=1.0 # in ohm\n", + "E_th=10*10**-3 #in V\n", + "E=(E_th*4*R)/del_r \n", + "print \"Supply voltage, E = \", E,\" V\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Supply voltage, E = 4.8 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.6 - page7-30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resistance\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "A=100.24 # in ohm\n", + "B=200.0 # in ohm\n", + "a=100.31 # in ohm\n", + "b=200.0 # in ohm\n", + "S=100.03 # in micro ohm\n", + "r=700.0 # in micro ohm\n", + "X=((A/b)*S)+(((r*b)/(r+a+b))*((A/B)-(a/b))) \n", + "print \"Unknown resistance, X = \", round(X,2), \"micro ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance, X = 50.09 micro ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.7 - page7-31" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Deflection\n", + "#Given data :\n", + "R_ab=100.0 # in ohm\n", + "R_bc=500.0 # in ohm\n", + "R_cd=1000.0 # in ohm\n", + "R_da=200.0 # in ohm\n", + "V=10.0 \n", + "VRg=200. # in ohm\n", + "del_CD=10.0 # in ohm\n", + "V_bd=V*((R_ab/(R_ab+R_bc))-(R_da/(R_da+R_cd+del_CD))) \n", + "R_bd=(((R_ab*R_bc)/(R_ab+R_bc))+((VRg*(R_cd+del_CD))/(VRg+R_cd+del_CD))) \n", + "I_G=(V_bd/(R_bd+VRg)) \n", + "s=5 #sensivity in micro A/mm\n", + "dg=I_G*10**6*s #deflection in mm\n", + "print \"Deflection is \",round(dg,0),\" mm\"\n", + "#answer is wrong in the textbook" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " Deflection is 153.0 mm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.8 - page7-32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#LIMITING VALUE OF RESISTANCE\n", + "P=100.0 #OHMS\n", + "Q=P \n", + "S=230.0 #IN ohm\n", + "DP=0.02 #ERROR IN PERCENTAGE\n", + "DS=0.01 #IN PERCENTAGE\n", + "R=(P/Q)*S #unknown resistance in ohms\n", + "dr=(DP+DP+DS) #relative limiting error in unknow resistance in percentage \u00b1\n", + "drm=(dr/100)*R #magnitude of error\n", + "R1=R+drm #in ohms\n", + "R2=R-drm #in ohms\n", + "print \"Limiting value of unknow resistance is \", R2, \" ohm to \", R1, \" ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Limiting value of unknow resistance is 229.885 ohm to 230.115 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.9 - page7-33" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "#Insulation resistance of cable\n", + "t=120.0 #in seconds\n", + "v1=300.0 #in volts\n", + "v2=100.0 #in volts\n", + "c=300.0 #capacitance in pf\n", + "r=t/(c)/math.log(v1/v2)#resistance in Mohm\n", + "print \"Resistance of cable is \", round(r,3),\" Mohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance of cable is 0.364 Mohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 19 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.10 - page7-33" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resistance \n", + "g=2000.0 #in ohms\n", + "s=10.0 #in kohm\n", + "q1=40.0 #divisions\n", + "q2=46.0 #divisions\n", + "r=((q1/q2)*((s*10**3)+(g)))-g #in ohms\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance is \",round(r,2),\" ohm\"\n", + "#answer is wrong in the textbook\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance is 8434.78 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.11 - page7-34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Resistance \n", + "t=200.0 # in V\n", + "i=0.5 #in A\n", + "ra=10.0 #in ohm\n", + "x=t/i #in ohm\n", + "r=x-ra #in ohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance is \",r,\" ohm\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance is 390.0 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 22 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.5.12 - page7-34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Ammeter and voltmeter readings\n", + "t=200.0 # in V\n", + "i=0.5 #in A\n", + "ra=10.0 #in ohm\n", + "x=t/i #in ohm\n", + "r=x-ra #in ohm\n", + "sv=10 #sensivity in kohms / V\n", + "v=1000 #in V\n", + "rv=v*sv *10**-6 # in Mohm\n", + "rp=((rv*10**6)*r)/(rv*10**6+r) #in ohm\n", + "vr=((t*rp)/(ra+rp)) #voltmeter reading in V\n", + "vi=vr/rp #ammeter rading in A\n", + "print \"Voltmeter reading is \",round(vr,2),\" V\"\n", + "print \"Ammeter rading is \",round(vi,5),\" A\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Voltmeter reading is 194.81 V\n", + "Ammeter rading is 0.51899 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 27 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter8.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter8.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..6f6a09d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter8.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,637 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:6fa810433d8fb0d04740abb66d2625b01a8af010ca4183a75eead5496aab3b33" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter8 - Inductance and Capacitance Measurements" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.5.1 - page : 8-22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Percentage error \n", + "import math\n", + "r=10 #in ohm\n", + "f=1 #in MHz\n", + "c=65 #capacitance in pF\n", + "rsh=0.02 #in ohm\n", + "qact=((1/(2*math.pi*f*10**6*c*10**-12*r))) #actual q factor\n", + "qm=(1/(2*math.pi*c*10**-12*f*10**6*(r+rsh))) #measured q factor\n", + "per=((qact-qm)/qact)*100 #percentage error \n", + "print \"Percentage error is\",round(per,1),\" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage error is 0.2 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.5.2 - page : 8-23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "#Self capacitance and inductance\n", + "f1=2 #in MHz\n", + "c1=460 #in pF\n", + "f2=4 #in MHz\n", + "c2=100 #in pF\n", + "cd1=((c1-(4*c2))/3) #self capacitance in pF\n", + "x=((1/(2*math.pi*f1*10**6)))**2 \n", + "l=x/((c1+cd1)*10**-12) # in H\n", + "l*=10**6 # in micro H\n", + "print \"Self capacitance is \",cd1,\" pF\"\n", + "print \"Inductance is \",round(l,2),\" micro H\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Self capacitance is 20 pF\n", + "Inductance is 13.19 micro H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.1 - page : 8-25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Lx and Rx\n", + "#given data :\n", + "R1=560 # in kohm\n", + "R2=6.3 # in kohm\n", + "R3=120 # in kohm\n", + "Ci=0.01 # in micro F\n", + "Sensitivity=10 # in mm/micro A\n", + "del_r=1 # in ohm\n", + "Rx=(R2*R3)/R1 \n", + "print \"Unknown resistance, Rx = \",Rx,\" kohm\"\n", + "Lx=R2*10**3*R3*10**3*Ci*10**-6 \n", + "print \"Unknown inductance, Lx = \",Lx,\" H\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance, Rx = 1.35 kohm\n", + "Unknown inductance, Lx = 7.56 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.2 - page : 8-25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "#Cx,Rx and D\n", + "#given data :\n", + "f=1000 #in Hz\n", + "R1=1.1 # in kohm\n", + "R2=2.2 # in kohm\n", + "C1=0.47 # in micro F\n", + "C3=0.5 # in micro F\n", + "Rx=(R2*C1)/C3 \n", + "print \"Unknown resistance, Rx = \", Rx,\" kohm\"\n", + "Cx=(R1*C3)/R2 \n", + "print \"Unknown capacitance, Cx = \", Cx, \" micro F\"\n", + "w=2*f*math.pi \n", + "D=w*Cx*10**-6*Rx*10**3 \n", + "print \"Dissipation factor, D = \", round(D,2)\n", + "#answer is wrong in the textbook\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance, Rx = 2.068 kohm\n", + "Unknown capacitance, Cx = 0.25 micro F\n", + "Dissipation factor, D = 3.25\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.3 - page : 8-26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Unknown resistance and capacitance\n", + "r1=10 #in kohms\n", + "r2=50 #in kohms\n", + "r3=100 #in kohms\n", + "c3=100 #in micro F\n", + "rx=((r2*10**3*r3*10**3)/(r1*10**3))*10**-3 #unknown resistance in kohms\n", + "cx=((r1*10**3*c3*10**-6)/(r2*10**3))*10**6 # unknown capacitance in micro F\n", + "print \"unknown resistance is \",rx,\" kohm\"\n", + "print \"Unknown capacitance is \",cx,\" micro F\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "unknown resistance is 500.0 kohm\n", + "Unknown capacitance is 20.0 micro F\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.4 - page : 8-27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Lx and Rx\n", + "#given data :\n", + "R1=600 # in ohm\n", + "R2=1000 # in ohm\n", + "R3=100 # in ohm\n", + "C1=1 # in micro F\n", + "Rx=(R2*R3)/R1 \n", + "print \"resistance, Rx = \",Rx,\" ohm\"\n", + "Lx=C1*10**-6*R2*R3 \n", + "print \"Inductance, Lx = \",Lx, \" H\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "resistance, Rx = 166 ohm\n", + "Inductance, Lx = 0.1 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.5 - page : 8-28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#L3 and R3\n", + "#given data :\n", + "R1=10 # in kohm\n", + "R2=2 # in kohm\n", + "R4=1 # in kohm\n", + "C2=1*10**-6 # in micro F\n", + "w=3000 # in rad/sec\n", + "L3=(R1*10**3*R4*10**3*C2)/(1+((R2*10**3)**2*(C2**2)*w**2))\n", + "R3=R2*10**3*L3*C2*w**2 \n", + "print \"Unknown resistance is \",round(R3,0),\" ohm\"\n", + "print \"Inductance is \",round(L3,2),\" H\"\n", + "#resistance is calculated wrong in the textbook" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance is 4865.0 ohm\n", + "Inductance is 0.27 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.6 - page : 8-28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "#Cx,Rx and D\n", + "#given data :\n", + "f=1000 #in Hz\n", + "R2=20000 # in ohm\n", + "R3=1.2*10**3 # in ohm\n", + "C3=300*10**-12 # in F\n", + "C4=0.05*10**-6 # in F\n", + "Rx=(R2*C3)/C4 # in ohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance, Rx = \",Rx, \" ohm\"\n", + "Cx=((R3*C4)/R2)*10**6 \n", + "print \"Unknown capacitance, Cx = \",Cx,\" micro F\"\n", + "w=2*f*math.pi \n", + "D=w*Cx*10**-6*Rx\n", + "print \"Dissipation factor, D = %.2E\" %D" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance, Rx = 120.0 ohm\n", + "Unknown capacitance, Cx = 0.003 micro F\n", + "Dissipation factor, D = 2.26E-03\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 23 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.7 - page : 8-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "#Resistance and capacitance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "C2=106*10**-12 # in F\n", + "C4=0.6*10**-6 # in F\n", + "R4=1000/math.pi # in ohm\n", + "R3=250 # in ohm\n", + "R1=(C4/C2)*R3\n", + "print \" Resistance, R1 = %.2E\" %R1,\" ohm\"\n", + "C1=(R4/R3)*C2*10**6 \n", + "print \"Capacitance, C1 = \",round(C1*10**6),\" micro F\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " Resistance, R1 = 1.42E+06 ohm\n", + "Capacitance, C1 = 135.0 micro F\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 27 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.8 - page : 8-30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "#Resistance and capacitance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "R1=3.1 # in kohm\n", + "C1=5.2 #in micro F\n", + "R2=25 #in kohm\n", + "R4=100 #in kohm\n", + "f=2.5*10**3 #in Hz\n", + "w=2*math.pi*f*10**-3 \n", + "R3=(R4/R2)*(R1+(1/(w**2*R1*C1**2))) \n", + "print \"Resistance, R3 = \",round(R3,1),\" kohm\"\n", + "C3=((R4/R2)-(R1/R3))*C1 \n", + "print \"Capacitance, C3 = \",round(C3,1), \"pF\"\n", + "# answer is wrong in book" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Resistance, R3 = 12.4 kohm\n", + "Capacitance, C3 = 19.5 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 31 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.9 - page : 8-31" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "#Inductance and capacitance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "F1=1.5 #in MHz\n", + "C1=650 #in pF\n", + "F2=3 #in MHz\n", + "C2=150 #in pF\n", + "Cd=(C1-(4*C2))/3 \n", + "print \"Capacitance, Cd = \",Cd, \"pF\"\n", + "L=(1/(4*math.pi**2*F1**2*((C1*10**-12)+(C2*10**-12))))*10**-6 \n", + "print \"Inductance, L = \",round(L,2),\" micro H\"\n", + "# Answer wrong in the textbook" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Capacitance, Cd = 16 pF\n", + "Inductance, L = 14.07 micro H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 35 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.10 - page : 8-32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "# Q\n", + "#given data \n", + "rsh=0.02 \n", + "r=10 # in ohm\n", + "f=1 #in MHz\n", + "c=65 #in pF\n", + "L=(1/((2*math.pi*f*10**6)**2*c*10**-12))*10**3 \n", + "qact=((1/(2*math.pi*f*10**6*c*10**-12*r))) #actual q factor\n", + "qm=(1/(2*math.pi*c*10**-12*f*10**6*(r+rsh))) #measured q factor\n", + "per=((qact-qm)/qact)*100 #percentage error \n", + "print \"Percentage error is \",round(per,3), \" %\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Percentage error is 0.2 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 40 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.11 - page : 8-32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# capacitance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "F1=3 #in MHz\n", + "C1=400 #in pico-farad\n", + "F2=6 #in MHz\n", + "C2=120 #in pico-farad\n", + "Cd=(4*C2-C1)/3 \n", + "print \"Self capacitance, Cd = \",Cd, \" pF\"\n", + "# Answer wrong in the textbook." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Self capacitance, Cd = 26 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 45 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.12 - page : 8-33" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# capacitance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "F1=2.0 #in MHz\n", + "C1=450 #in pF\n", + "F2=5 #in MHz\n", + "C2=60 #in pF\n", + "ratio=F2/F1 \n", + "#1/sqrt(C2+Cd)=ratio/sqrt(C1+Cd)\n", + "Cd=(C1-(ratio**2*C2))/5.25 \n", + "print \"Self capacitance, Cd = \",round(Cd,2), \" pF\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Self capacitance, Cd = 14.29 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 48 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6.13 - page : 8-33" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# capacitance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "F1=8 #in MHz\n", + "C1=120 #in pF\n", + "F2=12 #in MHz\n", + "C2=40 #in pF\n", + "ratio=F1/F2 \n", + "#1/sqrt(C2+Cd)=ratio/sqrt(C1+Cd)\n", + "Cd=((4*C1-9*C2)/5) \n", + "print \"Self capacitance, Cd = \", Cd,\" pF\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Self capacitance, Cd = 24 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 49 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Q.5 - page : 8-35" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Lx and Rx\n", + "#given data :\n", + "r1=28.5 #in ohm\n", + "L1=52.6 #in mH\n", + "R2=1.68 #in ohm\n", + "R3=80 #in ohm\n", + "R4=R3 # in ohm\n", + "Lx=(R3/R4)*L1 #inductance in mH\n", + "Rx=r1*(R3/R4)-R2 #in ohm\n", + "print \"Unknown resistance, Rx = \",Rx,\" ohm\"\n", + "print \"Unknown inductance, Lx = \", Lx,\" mH\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Unknown resistance, Rx = 26.82 ohm\n", + "Unknown inductance, Lx = 52.6 mH\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 50 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter9.ipynb b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter9.ipynb new file mode 100755 index 00000000..e456daaf --- /dev/null +++ b/Elelectronics_Instrumentation_and_Measurements/Chapter9.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,460 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:290842fdc6ea6a5700afb55423870096fe232348d5b6bc5d485c1317a3af57b3" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter9 - Cathode Ray Oscilloscope" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.14.1 - page : 9-45" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# peak to peak voltage and rms voltage\n", + "vdv=1 # V/div\n", + "n=6.8 #no. of divisions\n", + "Vpp=vdv*n #peak to peak voltage in V\n", + "vrms=Vpp/(2*(2)**(1.0/2)) #rms voltage in V\n", + "print \"Peak to peak voltage is \",Vpp,\" V\"\n", + "print \"rms voltage is \",round(vrms,4),\" V\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Peak to peak voltage is 6.8 V\n", + "rms voltage is 2.4042 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.14.2 - page : 9-46" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Time interval\n", + "vdv=2 # V per division in micro seconds/div\n", + "n=2 #no. of divisions\n", + "Tint=vdv*n #peak to peak voltage in V\n", + "print \"Time interval is \",Tint,\" micro seconds\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Time interval is 4 micro seconds\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.14.3 - page : 9-46" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# period and frequency\n", + "vdv=2 #volts per division in micro seconds/div\n", + "n=12 #no. of divisions\n", + "Tp=vdv*n # period in micro seconds\n", + "f=1/(Tp*10**-3) #frequency in kHz\n", + "print \"Period is \",Tp,\" micro seconds\"\n", + "print \"Frequency is \",round(f,2),\" kHz\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Period is 24 micro seconds\n", + "Frequency is 41.67 kHz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.14.4 - page : 9-47" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Peak to peak voltage and frequency\n", + "vdv1=0.5 #volts per division in V/div\n", + "nv=3 #no. of divisions\n", + "nh=4 #numbers of horizontal divisions\n", + "Vpp=vdv1*nv #peak to peak voltage in V\n", + "vdv2=2 # time division in micro seconds per divisions\n", + "Tp=vdv2*nh # period in micro seconds\n", + "f=1/(Tp*10**-3) #frequency in kHz\n", + "print \"Peak to peak voltage is \",Vpp,\" V\"\n", + "print \"Period is \",Tp,\" micro seconds\"\n", + "print \"Frequency is \",f,\" kHz\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Peak to peak voltage is 1.5 V\n", + "Period is 8 micro seconds\n", + "Frequency is 125.0 kHz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.1 - page : 9-67" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#bandwidth\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Trs=12 #in micro sec\n", + "Trd=15 #in micro sec\n", + "Tro=(Trd**2-Trs**2)**(1.0/2) \n", + "K=0.35 # constant\n", + "BW=(K/Tro)*10**3 \n", + "print \"Bandwidth, BW =\",round(BW,2), \" kHz\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Bandwidth, BW = 38.89 kHz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.2 - page : 9-68" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#Rise time\n", + "#given data :\n", + "BW=10*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "tr=(0.35/BW)*10**9 \n", + "print \"Rise time, tr = \",tr, \" ns\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Rise time, tr = 35.0 ns\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.3 - page : 9-68" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# rise time\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Tro=10 #in micro sec\n", + "Trd=13 #in micro sec\n", + "Trs=(Trd**2-Tro**2)**(1.0/2) \n", + "print \"Actual rise time, Trs = \",round(Trs,2),\" ns\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Actual rise time, Trs = 8.31 ns\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.4 - page : 9-68" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Rise time\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Tro=10 #in micro sec\n", + "Trd=15 #in micro sec\n", + "Trs=(Trd**2-Tro**2)**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Actual rise time, Trs = \",round(Trs,2),\" ns\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Actual rise time, Trs = 11.18 ns\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.5 - page : 9-68" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# Rise time\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Trs=12 #in micro sec\n", + "Trd=30 #in micro sec\n", + "BW=20*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "K=0.35 # constant\n", + "Tro=(K/BW)*10**9 \n", + "Trs=(Trd**2-Tro**2)**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Actual rise time, Trs = \",round(Trs,2),\" ns\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Actual rise time, Trs = 24.37 ns\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.6 - page : 9-69" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# capacitance\n", + "#given data :\n", + "K=10 # constant\n", + "C2=35*10**-12 \n", + "C1=(C2/(K-1))*10**12 \n", + "print \"Capacitance, C1 = \",round(C1,2),\" pF\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Capacitance, C1 = 3.89 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.7 - page : 9-69" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# impedance of CRO\n", + "K=10 \n", + "vin=1 #vpp \n", + "vout=0.1 #in vpp\n", + "c1=2 # in pF\n", + "c2=c1*(K-1) #CAPACITANCE IN Pf\n", + "print \"Capacitance is \",c2,\" pF\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Capacitance is 18 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 19 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.8 - page : 9-70" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# sensivity\n", + "n=2 #divisions\n", + "f=50.0 #in MHz\n", + "t=(1/f)*10**3 #time in nanao seconds\n", + "mdv=t/4 #in ns/div\n", + "mtds=mdv*n # in ns/div\n", + "print \"Minimum time/div is \",mdv,\" ns/div\"\n", + "print \"Minimum time/div setting is \",mtds,\" ns/div\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Minimum time/div is 5.0 ns/div\n", + "Minimum time/div setting is 10.0 ns/div\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.17.9 - page : 9-70" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\n", + "# rise time\n", + "#given data :\n", + "Trs=21 #in micro-sec\n", + "K=0.35 # constant\n", + "BW=50*10**6 # in Hz\n", + "Tro=(K/BW)*10**9 \n", + "Trd=(Trs**2+Tro**2)**(1.0/2)\n", + "print \"Rise time, Tro = \",round(Trd,0),\" ns\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Rise time, Tro = 22.0 ns\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 24 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
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