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Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter15.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter16.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter17.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter18.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter19.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter2.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter20.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter21.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter22.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter23.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter24.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter25.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter3.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter4.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter5.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter6.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter7.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter8.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/Chapter9.ipynb A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/screenshots/Chapter12.png A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/screenshots/Chapter13.png A Electronic_Communication_Systems_by_Roy_Blake/screenshots/chapter1.png A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./CHAPTER1.ipynb A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./CHAPTER2.ipynb A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./CHAPTER3.ipynb A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./CHAPTER4.ipynb A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./CHAPTER5.ipynb A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./CHAPTER6.ipynb A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./CHAPTER7.ipynb A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./CHAPTER8.ipynb A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./screenshots/figure1.png A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./screenshots/figure2.png A Engineering_Mechanics:_Statics_&_Engineering_Mechanics:_Dynamics_by_Meriam,_J._L.,_&_Kraige,_L._G./screenshots/figure3.png A Engineering_Mechanics_(Statics,_Dynamics),_by_Hibler_and_Gupta/Chapter_10_Moments_of_Inertia.ipynb A 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Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter8_vyeGLD8.ipynb A Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/Chapter9_4YOTRPU.ipynb A Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/screenshots/9.7_xRDyNJc.png A Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/screenshots/Ex10.7_G48Lnpj.png A Introduction_to_Heat_Transfer_by_S._K._Som/screenshots/Ex11.4_8WqJsrO.png A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_10_pO7WExy.ipynb A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_2_FxNgKwZ.ipynb A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_3_xv1zQ8m.ipynb A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_4_HtsOENB.ipynb A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_5_nuHXFeE.ipynb A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_6_Ffb7zrN.ipynb A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_7_GmkvL5A.ipynb A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_8_BLulAvR.ipynb A Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_9_YALeeEe.ipynb A 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The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter4.ipynb A The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter5.ipynb A The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter6.ipynb A The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter7.ipynb A The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter8.ipynb A The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/Chapter9.ipynb A The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/screenshots/Chapter4.png A The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/screenshots/Chapter5.png A The_Elements_of_Physical_Chemistry_by_S._Glasstone/screenshots/Chapter6.png A "sample_notebooks/Sushovan Jena/Chapter1.ipynb"
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+{
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "# Chapter 4 : Angle Modulation"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 1 : pg 139"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 1,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "a)The value of o/p freq is 175.0045 MHz\n",
+ "b)The value of o/p freq is 174.94 MHz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#page no 139\n",
+ "#prob no. 4.1\n",
+ "#Calculate the o/p frequency\n",
+ "#An FM modulator is given with kf=30kHz/V operate at carrier freq 175MHz\n",
+ "#given\n",
+ "fc=175.*10**6;kf=30.*10**3;\n",
+ "#a)Determination of o/p freq for modulating signal value em1=150mV \n",
+ "em1=150*10**-3;\n",
+ "#calculations and results\n",
+ "fsig1=fc+(kf*em1);\n",
+ "print 'a)The value of o/p freq is ',fsig1/(10**6),'MHz'\n",
+ "#b)Determination of o/p freq for modulating signal value em2=-2V \n",
+ "em2=-2;\n",
+ "fsig2=fc+(kf*em2);\n",
+ "print 'b)The value of o/p freq is ',fsig2/(10**6),'MHz'"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 2 : pg 140"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 2,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "The value of deviation is 127.279 kHz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#page no 140\n",
+ "#prob no. 4.2\n",
+ "#calculate the value of deviation\n",
+ "from math import sqrt\n",
+ "#An FM modulator is given which is modulated by sine wave 3V\n",
+ "#given\n",
+ "v=3.;\n",
+ "kf=30.*10**3;\n",
+ "#calculations\n",
+ "#Determination of peak value \n",
+ "Em=v*sqrt(2);\n",
+ "#Determination of deviation delta\n",
+ "delta=kf*Em;\n",
+ "#results\n",
+ "print 'The value of deviation is ',round(delta/1000.,3),'kHz'"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3 : pg 140"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 3,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "a)The value of modulation index for fm=15kHz is 5.0\n",
+ "b)The value of modulation index for fm=50Hz is 1500.0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#page no 140\n",
+ "#prob no. 4.3\n",
+ "#calculate the value of modulation index in both cases\n",
+ "#An FM broadcaster transmitter operate at max deviatn of 75kHz\n",
+ "#given\n",
+ "delta=75.*10**3;\n",
+ "#a)Determination of modulation index with modulating freq of signal =15kHz\n",
+ "fm1=15.*10**3;\n",
+ "#calculations and results\n",
+ "mf1=delta/fm1;\n",
+ "print 'a)The value of modulation index for fm=15kHz is ',mf1\n",
+ "#b)Determination of modulation index with modulating freq of signal =50Hz\n",
+ "fm2=50;\n",
+ "mf2=delta/fm2;\n",
+ "print 'b)The value of modulation index for fm=50Hz is ',mf2"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 4 : pg 141"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 4,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "The rms voltage that cause deviation is 0.37 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ " \n",
+ "#page no 141\n",
+ "#prob no. 4.4\n",
+ "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+ "#calculate the rms voltage\n",
+ "#A phase modulator is given with kp=2rad/V \n",
+ "#given\n",
+ "kp=2;\n",
+ "#Peak phase deviation of 60 degree\n",
+ "#calculations\n",
+ "#Converting degree in radian \n",
+ "phi=(2*pi*60)/360;\n",
+ "#Determination of peak voltage that cause that deviation \n",
+ "Vp=phi/kp;\n",
+ "#Determination of rms voltage\n",
+ "Vrms=Vp/(sqrt(2));\n",
+ "#results\n",
+ "print 'The rms voltage that cause deviation is ',round(Vrms,2),'V'"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 6 : pg 145"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 5,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "The freq deviation produce is 6.0 kHz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ " \n",
+ "#page no 145\n",
+ "#prob no. 4.6\n",
+ "#calculate the freq deviation \n",
+ "#given\n",
+ "#Phase modulator with sensitivity kp=3rad/V & sine wave i/p 2 V peak at 1kHz\n",
+ "kp=3.;Vp=2.;f=1*10**3;\n",
+ "#calculations\n",
+ "#As max value of sine functn is 1, hence max value of phi is kp*Vp\n",
+ "phi_max=kp*Vp;\n",
+ "#phi_max is nothing but mp\n",
+ "mp=phi_max;\n",
+ "#value of mf is same as mp if signal is considered as freq modulation\n",
+ "#Determination of freq deviation\n",
+ "dev=mp*f;\n",
+ "#results\n",
+ "print 'The freq deviation produce is',dev/1000,'kHz'"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 7 : pg 149"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 9,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "a)The rms signal voltage is 15.8113883008 V\n",
+ "b)The rms voltage of side bands are\n",
+ "Vc= 4.11\n",
+ "V1= 5.38\n",
+ "V2= 7.75\n",
+ "V3= 0.0\n",
+ "c)The 3 side bands at different freq. are \n",
+ "f_usb1= 160.0\n",
+ "f_usb2= 160.0\n",
+ "f_usb3= 0.0\n",
+ "f_lsb1= 160.0\n",
+ "f_lsb2= 160.0\n",
+ "f_lsb3= 0.0\n",
+ "d)The power of each side band is\n",
+ "Pc= 0.34\n",
+ "P1= 0.58\n",
+ "P2= 1.2\n",
+ "P3= 0.0\n",
+ "e)Percentage total power which is uncounted is 28.3697047497 % f)Power of each side bands in dBm is\n",
+ "Pc(dBm)= 25.29\n",
+ "P1(dBm)= 27.62\n",
+ "P2(dBm)= 30.79\n",
+ "P3(dBm)= 0.0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "data": {
+ "image/png": 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WiwjA18D/FZEmwE1AkYis8V7vz8aYf2Thv6Zc2jxNKaViQqd0lFIq\nJjThK6VUTGjCV0qpmNCEr5RSMaEJXymlYkITvlJKxYQmfKWUiglN+EopFRP/H6SaK/GDr87+AAAA\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
+ "text/plain": [
+ "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3715da0>"
+ ]
+ },
+ "metadata": {},
+ "output_type": "display_data"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ " \n",
+ "#page no 149\n",
+ "#prob no. 4.7\n",
+ "#calculate the rms voltage in all cases \n",
+ "%matplotlib inline\n",
+ "from math import sqrt, log10\n",
+ "import numpy\n",
+ "import matplotlib\n",
+ "from matplotlib import pyplot\n",
+ "#given\n",
+ "#An FM signal has deviation 3kHz & modulating freq 1kHz with total power Pt=5W\n",
+ "#developed across 50 ohm with fc=160 MHz\n",
+ "dev = 3. * 10 ** 3\n",
+ "fm = 10 ** 3\n",
+ "Pt = 5.\n",
+ "Rl = 50.\n",
+ "fc = 160. * 10 ** 6\n",
+ "#calculations and results\n",
+ "#a)Determination of RMS signal voltage\n",
+ "Vt = sqrt(Pt * Rl)\n",
+ "print 'a)The rms signal voltage is',Vt,'V'\n",
+ "######/b)Determination of rms voltage at carrier freq\n",
+ "#for that modulation index needs to be found out\n",
+ "mf = dev / fm\n",
+ "#From bessel function table, the coeff for the carrier first 3 side bands\n",
+ "J = ([0.26,0.34,0.49,0.31])\n",
+ "V = numpy.zeros(4)\n",
+ "print 'b)The rms voltage of side bands are'\n",
+ "for i in range(0,3):\n",
+ " V[i] = J[i] * Vt\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'Vc=',round(V[0],2)\n",
+ "print 'V1=',round(V[1],2)\n",
+ "print 'V2=',round(V[2],2)\n",
+ "print 'V3=',round(V[3],2)\n",
+ "#####/c)Determination of freq of each side bands########\n",
+ "print 'c)The 3 side bands at different freq. are '\n",
+ "f_usb = numpy.zeros(3)\n",
+ "for j in range(0,2):\n",
+ " f_usb[j] = fc / 10 ** 6 + (fm * j / 10 ** 6)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'f_usb1=',round(f_usb[0],2)\n",
+ "print 'f_usb2=',round(f_usb[1],2)\n",
+ "print 'f_usb3=',round(f_usb[2],2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "f_lsb = numpy.zeros(3)\n",
+ "for j in range(0,2):\n",
+ " f_lsb[j] = fc / 10 ** 6 - (fm * j / 10 ** 6)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'f_lsb1=',round(f_lsb[0],2)\n",
+ "print 'f_lsb2=',round(f_lsb[1],2)\n",
+ "print 'f_lsb3=',round(f_lsb[2],2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "P = numpy.zeros(4)\n",
+ "a = numpy.zeros(4)\n",
+ "######d)Determination of power of each side band########/\n",
+ "for i in range(0,3):\n",
+ " P[i] = ((V[i]) ** 2) / Rl\n",
+ " a[i] = (P[i]) / (10 ** -3)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'd)The power of each side band is'\n",
+ "print 'Pc=',round(P[0],2)\n",
+ "print 'P1=',round(P[1],2)\n",
+ "print 'P2=',round(P[2],2)\n",
+ "print 'P3=',round(P[3],2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#####e)Determination of power that is uncounted\n",
+ "P = P[0] + 2 * (P[2] + P[3] + P[1])\n",
+ "#As total power is 5 W\n",
+ "P_x = Pt - P\n",
+ "#Percentage of total power uncounted\n",
+ "Px = (P_x / P) * 100\n",
+ "print 'e)Percentage total power which is uncounted is',Px,'%',\n",
+ "#####f)Ploting the signal in freq domain##########/\n",
+ "#Converting power in dBm\n",
+ "P_dBm = numpy.zeros(4)\n",
+ "for i in range(0,3):\n",
+ " #a(k)=(P(k))/(10**-3);\n",
+ " P_dBm[i] = 10 * log10(a[i]) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'f)Power of each side bands in dBm is'\n",
+ "print 'Pc(dBm)=',round(P_dBm[0],2)\n",
+ "print 'P1(dBm)=',round(P_dBm[1],2)\n",
+ "print 'P2(dBm)=',round(P_dBm[2],2)\n",
+ "print 'P3(dBm)=',round(P_dBm[3],2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x = ([159.997,159.998,159.999,160.0,160.001,160.002,160.003])\n",
+ "y = ([26.8,30.8,27.6,25.3,27.6,30.8,26.8])\n",
+ "pyplot.plot(x,y);\n",
+ "pyplot.show();\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 9 : pg 157"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 10,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "The SNR at detector o/p is 33.979 dB\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ " \n",
+ "#page no 157\n",
+ "#prob no. 4.9\n",
+ "#calculate the SNR at detector o/p\n",
+ "from math import log10\n",
+ "#given\n",
+ "#An FM signal has freq deviation of 5kHz modulating freq fm=1kHz with SNR at i/p is 20 dB\n",
+ "#Converting dB in voltage ratio\n",
+ "fm=1.*10**3;dev_s=5.*10**3;snr=20.;\n",
+ "#calculations\n",
+ "Es_En=10**(snr/20);\n",
+ "#Since Es>>En then \n",
+ "phi=1/(Es_En);\n",
+ "m_fn=phi;#modulation index equal to phi_n\n",
+ "dev_n=(m_fn)*fm;#Equivalent freq deviation due to noise\n",
+ "#SNR as a voltage ratio is given as\n",
+ "SNR=(dev_s)/(dev_n);\n",
+ "#Converting this voltage ration in dB\n",
+ "SNR_dB=20*(log10(SNR));\n",
+ "#results\n",
+ "print 'The SNR at detector o/p is',round(SNR_dB,3),'dB'"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 10 : pg 163"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 12,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "The freq is with in the acceptable range 2.083 kHz\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ " \n",
+ "#page no 163\n",
+ "#prob no. 4.10\n",
+ "#calculate whether the freq is with in the acceptable range\n",
+ "#Refer the fig. 4.19\n",
+ "#given\n",
+ "# We know this transmitter is designed for voice frequencies,so we have to use trial \n",
+ "#and error method to produce a carrier null for a deviation of 5kHz\n",
+ "mf=2.4;# starting with the first null for mf=2.4\n",
+ "dev=5;#in kHz\n",
+ "#calculations and results\n",
+ "fm=dev/mf;\n",
+ "if (0.3 <= fm and 3>=fm):\n",
+ " print 'The freq is with in the acceptable range',round(fm,3),'kHz'\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " mf=5.5;\n",
+ " fm=dev/mf;\n",
+ " print 'The freq is with in the acceptable range',round(fm,3),'kHz'\n",
+ "# for this calculated fm, set the function generator to the value of fm so that the deviation is 5kHz"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
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