added books

1 files changed, 411 insertions, 440 deletions

diff --git a/Chemistry/Chapter_13.ipynb b/Chemistry/Chapter_13.ipynb
index 72db9250..aea83030 100755
--- a/Chemistry/Chapter_13.ipynb
+++ b/Chemistry/Chapter_13.ipynb
@@ -1,441 +1,412 @@
-{

- "metadata": {

-  "name": ""

- },

- "nbformat": 3,

- "nbformat_minor": 0,

- "worksheets": [

-  {

-   "cells": [

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 1,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Chapter 13:Chemical Kinetics"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example no:13.2,Page no:564"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "dO2=-0.024 #rate of reaction of O2, M/s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "#(a)\n",

-      "dN2O5=-2*dO2 #rate of formation of N2O5, M/s\n",

-      "#(b)\n",

-      "dNO2=4*dO2 #rate of reaction of NO2, M/s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"(a).The rate of formation of N2O5 is :\",dN2O5,\"M/s\"\n",

-      "print\"(b).The rate of reaction of NO2 is :\",dNO2,\"M/s\"\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(a).The rate of formation of N2O5 is : 0.048 M/s\n",

-        "(b).The rate of reaction of NO2 is : -0.096 M/s\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 2

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example no:13.3,Page no:568"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "NO1=5*10**-3 #conc of NO from 1st experiment, M\n",

-      "H21=2*10**-3 #conc of H2 from 1st experiment, M\n",

-      "r1=1.3*10**-5 #initial rate from 1st experiment, M/s\n",

-      "NO2=10*10**-3 #conc of NO from 2nd experiment, M\n",

-      "H22=2*10**-3 #conc of H2 from 2nd experiment, M\n",

-      "r2=5*10**-5 #initial rate from 1st experiment, M/s\n",

-      "NO3=10*10**-3 #conc of NO from 3rd experiment, M\n",

-      "H23=4*10**-3 #conc of H2 from 3rd experiment, M\n",

-      "r3=10*10**-5 #initial rate from 3rd experiment, M/s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#(a)\n",

-      "#r=k*NO**x*H2**y, dividing r2/r1 and r3/r2\n",

-      "x=math.log(r2/r1)/math.log(NO2/NO1) #since H21=H22\n",

-      "y=math.log(r3/r2)/math.log(H23/H22) #since NO3=NO2\n",

-      "x=round(x) \n",

-      "y=round(y) \n",

-      "#(b)\n",

-      "k=r2/((NO2)**x*H22**y) #rate constant, /M**2 s\n",

-      "#(c)\n",

-      "NO=12*10**-3 #conc of NO, M\n",

-      "H2=6*10**-3 #conc of H2, M\n",

-      "rate=k*(NO**x)*H2**y #rate, M/s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"(a) the rate of reaction is : r=k[NO]**\",x,\"*[H2]**\",y\n",

-      "print\"(b) the rate constant of the reaction is :%.1e\"%k,\" /M**2 s\" \n",

-      "print\"(c) the rate of reaction at given concentration is :%.1e\"%rate,\" M/s\"\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(a) the rate of reaction is : r=k[NO]** 2.0 *[H2]** 1.0\n",

-        "(b) the rate constant of the reaction is :2.5e+02  /M**2 s\n",

-        "(c) the rate of reaction at given concentration is :2.2e-04  M/s\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 72

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example no:13.4,Page no:571"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "t=8.8*60 #time, s\n",

-      "k=6.7*10**-4 #rate constant, s-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "#(a)\n",

-      "Ao1=0.25 #initial conc, M\n",

-      "A1=math.exp(-k*t+math.log(Ao1)) #final conc, M\n",

-      "#(b)\n",

-      "A2=0.15 #initial conc, M\n",

-      "Ao2=0.25 #final conc, M\n",

-      "t2=-math.log(A2/Ao2)/(60*k) #time, min\n",

-      "#(c)\n",

-      "percent=74.0 \n",

-      "#let initial conc be 1\n",

-      "Ao3=1.0 #initial conc, M\n",

-      "A3=1.0-percent/100.0 #final conc, M\n",

-      "t3=-math.log(A3/Ao3)/(k*60.0) #time, min\n",

-      "print\"(a) the concentration of cyclopropane at given time is :\",round(A1,2),\"M\"\n",

-      "print\"(b) the time required is :\",round(t2),\"min\"\n",

-      "print\"(c) the time required for required conversion is :%.1f\"%t3,\"min(approx)\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(a) the concentration of cyclopropane at given time is : 0.18 M\n",

-        "(b) the time required is : 13.0 min\n",

-        "(c) the time required for required conversion is :33.5 min(approx)\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 75

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example no:13.5,Page no:573"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "t=[0,100,150,200,250,300] #time(data given), s\n",

-      "P=[284.0,220.0,193.0,170.0,150.0,132.0] #pressure(data given) in mmHg corresponding to time values\n",

-      "lnP=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",

-      "import numpy as np\n",

-      "from pylab import *\n",

-      "%pylab inline\n",

-      "lnP=numpy.log(P) #lnP values corresponding to P\n",

-      "A=plot(t,lnP)\n",

-      "plt.xlim(0,350)\n",

-      "plt.ylim(4.8,5.8)\n",

-      "plt.ylabel('$ln Pt$')\n",

-      "plt.xlabel('$t(s)$')\n",

-      "plt.title('Plot of ln Pt versus time for the decomposition of azomethane\\n')\n",

-      "slope=np.polyfit(t,lnP,1)\n",

-      "k=-slope[0]\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "show(A)\n",

-      "print\"The rate constant for the decomposition is :%.2e\"%k,\"s**-1\"\n"

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stderr",

-       "text": [

-        "WARNING: pylab import has clobbered these variables: ['power', 'draw_if_interactive', 'random', 'fft', 'linalg', 'info']\n",

-        "`%pylab --no-import-all` prevents importing * from pylab and numpy\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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oKBEBgImJtLP+7FngwQNp4MlvvmEbjIiqTmdbKN26dUNAQABWr15dZvrNmzex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\nbACx9wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x856d978>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The rate constant for the decomposition is :2.55e-03 s**-1\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 76

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example no:13.6,Page no:576"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "k=5.36*10**-4 #rate constant, s-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "t_half=0.693/(60*k) #half life of the reaction, min\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The half life for the decomposition of ethane is :\",round(t_half,1),\"min\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The half life for the decomposition of ethane is : 21.5 min\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 77

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example no:13.7,Page no:578"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "k=7*10**9 #rate constant, M s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "#(a)\n",

-      "t=2*60 #half life of the reaction, s\n",

-      "Ao1=0.086 \n",

-      "A1=(k*t+1/Ao1)**-1 \n",

-      "#(b)\n",

-      "Ao2=0.6 \n",

-      "t_half2=1/(Ao2*k) #half life of the reaction, s\n",

-      "Ao3=0.42 \n",

-      "t_half3=1/(Ao3*k) #half life of the reaction, s\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"(a.)The concentration of I is :%.1e\"%A1,\"M\"\n",

-      "print\"(b.)The half life for Io=0.6 is :%.1e\"%t_half2,\"s\"\n",

-      "print\"    The half life for Io=0.42 is :%.1e\"%t_half3,\"s\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "(a.)The concentration of I is :1.2e-12 M\n",

-        "(b.)The half life for Io=0.6 is :2.4e-10 s\n",

-        "    The half life for Io=0.42 is :3.4e-10 s\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 79

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example no:13.8,Page no:584"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "T=[700.0,730.0,760.0,790.0,810.0] #temperature(data given), K\n",

-      "R=8.314 #gas constant, kJ/mol\n",

-      "k=[0.011,0.035,0.105,0.343,0.789] #rate constant(data given) in 1/M**1/2 s corresponding to temperature values\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "x=numpy.reciprocal(T) #1/T values corresponding to Temp values above, K-1\n",

-      "x=numpy.round(x,5)\n",

-      "import math\n",

-      "import numpy\n",

-      "from pylab import *\n",

-      "%pylab inline\n",

-      "lnk=numpy.log(k) #lnk values corresponding to k\n",

-      "lnk[0]=numpy.round(lnk[0],2)\n",

-      "lnk[1]=numpy.round(lnk[1],2)\n",

-      "lnk[2]=numpy.round(lnk[2],3)\n",

-      "lnk[3]=numpy.round(lnk[3],3)\n",

-      "lnk[4]=numpy.round(lnk[4],3)\n",

-      "A=plot(x,lnk,marker='o', linestyle='-')\n",

-      "plt.xlim(1.2*10**-3,1.45*10**-3)\n",

-      "plt.ylim(-5.0,0.0)\n",

-      "plt.ylabel('$ln k$')\n",

-      "plt.xlabel('$1/T(K^-1)$')\n",

-      "plt.title('Plot of ln k versus 1/T\\n')\n",

-      "slope=np.polyfit(x,lnk,1)\n",

-      "Ea=-slope[0]*R #activation energy, kJ/mol\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "show(A)\n",

-      "print\"The activation energy for the decomposition is :%.3e\"%(Ea/1000),\"kJ/mol\"\n",

-      "print\"NOTE:Slope is approximately calculated in book,that's why wrong answer\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stderr",

-       "text": [

-        "WARNING: pylab import has clobbered these variables: ['power', 'draw_if_interactive', 'random', 'fft', 'linalg', 'info']\n",

-        "`%pylab --no-import-all` prevents importing * from pylab and numpy\n"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "metadata": {},

-       "output_type": "display_data",

-       "png": 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CdjZMnWoubz9lijlHxcfy9hjnycjIICMjw5LPtmzS4vbt2+nevTuBgYEA5OXl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\ngieeAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",

-       "text": [

-        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x8535d30>"

-       ]

-      },

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The activation energy for the decomposition is :1.797e+02 kJ/mol\n",

-        "NOTE:Slope is approximately calculated in book,that's why wrong answer\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 80

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "heading",

-     "level": 2,

-     "metadata": {},

-     "source": [

-      "Example no:13.9,Page no:586"

-     ]

-    },

-    {

-     "cell_type": "code",

-     "collapsed": false,

-     "input": [

-      "import math\n",

-      "#Variable declaration\n",

-      "k1=3.46*10**-2 #rate constant at T1\n",

-      "T1=298 #temp K\n",

-      "T2=350 #temp K\n",

-      "R=8.314 #gas constant,J/K mol\n",

-      "Ea=50.2*1000 #activation energy, J/mol\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Calculation\n",

-      "k2=k1/math.exp(Ea/R*(T1-T2)/(T1*T2)) #from equation ln(k1/k2)=Ea*(T1-T2)/(T1*T2*R), S-1\n",

-      "\n",

-      "#Result\n",

-      "print\"The rate constant at temp 350 is :\",round(k2,3),\"s**-1\""

-     ],

-     "language": "python",

-     "metadata": {},

-     "outputs": [

-      {

-       "output_type": "stream",

-       "stream": "stdout",

-       "text": [

-        "The rate constant at temp 350 is : 0.702 s**-1\n"

-       ]

-      }

-     ],

-     "prompt_number": 81

-    }

-   ],

-   "metadata": {}

-  }

- ]

+{
+ "metadata": {
+  "name": "",
+  "signature": "sha256:895c072b6753209785681491473fcfce8d9e8b03552e6c5bac0de19645eb5d94"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+  {
+   "cells": [
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Chapter 13:Chemical Kinetics"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example no:13.2,Page no:564"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable declaration\n",
+      "dO2=-0.024 #rate of reaction of O2, M/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "#(a)\n",
+      "dN2O5=-2*dO2 #rate of formation of N2O5, M/s\n",
+      "#(b)\n",
+      "dNO2=4*dO2 #rate of reaction of NO2, M/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print\"(a).The rate of formation of N2O5 is :\",dN2O5,\"M/s\"\n",
+      "print\"(b).The rate of reaction of NO2 is :\",dNO2,\"M/s\"\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "(a).The rate of formation of N2O5 is : 0.048 M/s\n",
+        "(b).The rate of reaction of NO2 is : -0.096 M/s\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 2
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example no:13.3,Page no:568"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable declaration\n",
+      "NO1=5*10**-3 #conc of NO from 1st experiment, M\n",
+      "H21=2*10**-3 #conc of H2 from 1st experiment, M\n",
+      "r1=1.3*10**-5 #initial rate from 1st experiment, M/s\n",
+      "NO2=10*10**-3 #conc of NO from 2nd experiment, M\n",
+      "H22=2*10**-3 #conc of H2 from 2nd experiment, M\n",
+      "r2=5*10**-5 #initial rate from 1st experiment, M/s\n",
+      "NO3=10*10**-3 #conc of NO from 3rd experiment, M\n",
+      "H23=4*10**-3 #conc of H2 from 3rd experiment, M\n",
+      "r3=10*10**-5 #initial rate from 3rd experiment, M/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "import math\n",
+      "#(a)\n",
+      "#r=k*NO**x*H2**y, dividing r2/r1 and r3/r2\n",
+      "x=math.log(r2/r1)/math.log(NO2/NO1) #since H21=H22\n",
+      "y=math.log(r3/r2)/math.log(H23/H22) #since NO3=NO2\n",
+      "x=round(x) \n",
+      "y=round(y) \n",
+      "#(b)\n",
+      "k=r2/((NO2)**x*H22**y) #rate constant, /M**2 s\n",
+      "#(c)\n",
+      "NO=12*10**-3 #conc of NO, M\n",
+      "H2=6*10**-3 #conc of H2, M\n",
+      "rate=k*(NO**x)*H2**y #rate, M/s\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print\"(a) the rate of reaction is : r=k[NO]**\",x,\"*[H2]**\",y\n",
+      "print\"(b) the rate constant of the reaction is :%.1e\"%k,\" /M**2 s\" \n",
+      "print\"(c) the rate of reaction at given concentration is :%.1e\"%rate,\" M/s\"\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "(a) the rate of reaction is : r=k[NO]** 2.0 *[H2]** 1.0\n",
+        "(b) the rate constant of the reaction is :2.5e+02  /M**2 s\n",
+        "(c) the rate of reaction at given concentration is :2.2e-04  M/s\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 72
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example no:13.4,Page no:571"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable declaration\n",
+      "t=8.8*60 #time, s\n",
+      "k=6.7*10**-4 #rate constant, s-1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "import math\n",
+      "#(a)\n",
+      "Ao1=0.25 #initial conc, M\n",
+      "A1=math.exp(-k*t+math.log(Ao1)) #final conc, M\n",
+      "#(b)\n",
+      "A2=0.15 #initial conc, M\n",
+      "Ao2=0.25 #final conc, M\n",
+      "t2=-math.log(A2/Ao2)/(60*k) #time, min\n",
+      "#(c)\n",
+      "percent=74.0 \n",
+      "#let initial conc be 1\n",
+      "Ao3=1.0 #initial conc, M\n",
+      "A3=1.0-percent/100.0 #final conc, M\n",
+      "t3=-math.log(A3/Ao3)/(k*60.0) #time, min\n",
+      "print\"(a) the concentration of cyclopropane at given time is :\",round(A1,2),\"M\"\n",
+      "print\"(b) the time required is :\",round(t2),\"min\"\n",
+      "print\"(c) the time required for required conversion is :%.1f\"%t3,\"min(approx)\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "(a) the concentration of cyclopropane at given time is : 0.18 M\n",
+        "(b) the time required is : 13.0 min\n",
+        "(c) the time required for required conversion is :33.5 min(approx)\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 75
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example no:13.5,Page no:573"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable declaration\n",
+      "t=[0,100,150,200,250,300] #time(data given), s\n",
+      "P=[284.0,220.0,193.0,170.0,150.0,132.0] #pressure(data given) in mmHg corresponding to time values\n",
+      "lnP=[0,0,0,0,0,0]\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
+      "import numpy as np\n",
+      "from pylab import *\n",
+      "%matplotlib inline\n",
+      "lnP=np.log(P) #lnP values corresponding to P\n",
+      "A=plot(t,lnP)\n",
+      "plt.xlim(0,350)\n",
+      "plt.ylim(4.8,5.8)\n",
+      "plt.ylabel('$ln Pt$')\n",
+      "plt.xlabel('$t(s)$')\n",
+      "plt.title('Plot of ln Pt versus time for the decomposition of azomethane\\n')\n",
+      "slope=np.polyfit(t,lnP,1)\n",
+      "k=-slope[0]\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "show(A)\n",
+      "print\"The rate constant for the decomposition is :%.2e\"%k,\"s**-1\"\n"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "metadata": {},
+       "output_type": "display_data",
+       "png": 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yvlMBQHOEgtIEaGoSLV3KDpF/9y57tv3p03ynAoDmBk1eTVBkJHu2fbt2RNu2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\n",
+       "text": [
+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3f0c650>"
+       ]
+      },
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The rate constant for the decomposition is :2.55e-03 s**-1\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 2
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example no:13.6,Page no:576"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable declaration\n",
+      "k=5.36*10**-4 #rate constant, s-1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "t_half=0.693/(60*k) #half life of the reaction, min\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print\"The half life for the decomposition of ethane is :\",round(t_half,1),\"min\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The half life for the decomposition of ethane is : 21.5 min\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 77
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example no:13.7,Page no:578"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable declaration\n",
+      "k=7*10**9 #rate constant, M s\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "#(a)\n",
+      "t=2*60 #half life of the reaction, s\n",
+      "Ao1=0.086 \n",
+      "A1=(k*t+1/Ao1)**-1 \n",
+      "#(b)\n",
+      "Ao2=0.6 \n",
+      "t_half2=1/(Ao2*k) #half life of the reaction, s\n",
+      "Ao3=0.42 \n",
+      "t_half3=1/(Ao3*k) #half life of the reaction, s\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print\"(a.)The concentration of I is :%.1e\"%A1,\"M\"\n",
+      "print\"(b.)The half life for Io=0.6 is :%.1e\"%t_half2,\"s\"\n",
+      "print\"    The half life for Io=0.42 is :%.1e\"%t_half3,\"s\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "(a.)The concentration of I is :1.2e-12 M\n",
+        "(b.)The half life for Io=0.6 is :2.4e-10 s\n",
+        "    The half life for Io=0.42 is :3.4e-10 s\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 79
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example no:13.8,Page no:584"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#Variable declaration\n",
+      "T=[700.0,730.0,760.0,790.0,810.0] #temperature(data given), K\n",
+      "R=8.314 #gas constant, kJ/mol\n",
+      "k=[0.011,0.035,0.105,0.343,0.789] #rate constant(data given) in 1/M**1/2 s corresponding to temperature values\n",
+      "import numpy\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "x=numpy.reciprocal(T) #1/T values corresponding to Temp values above, K-1\n",
+      "x=numpy.round(x,5)\n",
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "from pylab import *\n",
+      "%matplotlib inline\n",
+      "lnk=numpy.log(k) #lnk values corresponding to k\n",
+      "lnk[0]=numpy.round(lnk[0],2)\n",
+      "lnk[1]=numpy.round(lnk[1],2)\n",
+      "lnk[2]=numpy.round(lnk[2],3)\n",
+      "lnk[3]=numpy.round(lnk[3],3)\n",
+      "lnk[4]=numpy.round(lnk[4],3)\n",
+      "A=plot(x,lnk,marker='o', linestyle='-')\n",
+      "plt.xlim(1.2*10**-3,1.45*10**-3)\n",
+      "plt.ylim(-5.0,0.0)\n",
+      "plt.ylabel('$ln k$')\n",
+      "plt.xlabel('$1/T(K^-1)$')\n",
+      "plt.title('Plot of ln k versus 1/T\\n')\n",
+      "slope=np.polyfit(x,lnk,1)\n",
+      "Ea=-slope[0]*R #activation energy, kJ/mol\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "show(A)\n",
+      "print\"The activation energy for the decomposition is :%.3e\"%(Ea/1000),\"kJ/mol\"\n",
+      "print\"NOTE:Slope is approximately calculated in book,that's why wrong answer\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "metadata": {},
+       "output_type": "display_data",
+       "png": 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dXESkFbZsAaZNA4YNAz79FLCyEjsi3cZuLiIySMOHCxVKcbEw2TE+XuyIqD5Y\nmRCR1jlwAHjzTaB7d2D5cqBlS7Ej0j2sTIjI4PXpIywc2bq18KTXxo2c7KjtWJkQkVZLSgLeeANw\ndARWrQLatRM7It3AyoSIqBp/fyA5GejZE/D1BVauBKqqxI6KamJlQkQ64+JFoUpRKISdHTt3Fjsi\n7cXKhIjoEdzdgcRE4JVXgKAg4JNPgLIysaMigMmEiHSMkRHw9tvA6dPCWl++voBcLnZUxGRCRDqp\nbVvgt9+AOXOEDblmzhTW+iJxaEUyWbp06SwjI6Oq27dvNxc7FiLSHRIJMHq0sLPjX38JjxHv3y92\nVIZJ9GSSlZXVdt++fcFPPfXUn2LHQkS6yc4O2LAB+PprYc+UCROA27fFjsqwiJ5MZs6cuWzx4sWz\nxY6DiHRfaKhQpVhZCUuybN7MyY6aYiLmh2/fvv1FJyenbE9Pz7OPOy88PPzhn2UyGWQymZojIyJd\nZWUFrFghdH9NnCjMnv/6a2HSoz5LSEhAQkKCaJ+v9nkmwcHB+/Ly8hxqHo+MjJy7aNGiOXv37u3X\nrFmze+3bt7+WnJzs16JFi7//FSDnmRBRA5WWAosWAd98A0RGCnNUjETvj9EMTc8zEW3S4vnz57v0\n6dPngIWFRREAZGdnOzk6OubI5fKAVq1a3XoYIJMJEano/HmhSjE3B1avBlxdxY5I/QwmmdTUvn37\na6dOnfJt3rz5v4bNmEyIqDFUVgJRUUBEBPDee8KjxKamYkelPgY7A14ikTBjEJHaGBsDM2YIC0ce\nOAAEBgoTH6lxaE1l8iisTIiosSkUwPr1wOzZwmPECxcKXWD6xGArEyIiTZFIgPHjhT1Trl0DvLyA\nw4fFjkq3sTIhIoO3YwcwZQowYACweDFgbS12RKpjZUJEpGGDBwtPfBkZAR4ewPbtYkeke1iZEBFV\nc/gwMGmS0PUVFQU4/GeWnG5gZUJEJKJevYDUVKBjRyGh/Pgjl2SpC1YmRESPkJIizJpv0QKIjgba\ntxc7orpjZUJEpCV8fIQNuIKDgYAA4MsvhcmP9F+sTIiI6uDKFWEs5cEDYM0aYe8UbcbKhIhIC3Xs\nCBw8KCSU558H5s8XFpIkAZMJEVEdSSRCMklNFR4l9vEBjh0TOyrtwG4uIqIGUCiArVuBsDBg2DBh\nqXsrK7Gj+ge7uYiIdIBEAgwfLlQoRUXCzo7x8WJHJR5WJkREjeDAAeDNN4Hu3YHly4GWLcWNh5UJ\nEZEO6tN6eCHgAAALeklEQVRHWDjSwUF40mvjRsOa7MjKhIiokSUlCZMdnZyAb78Fzp1LxIoVe1Fa\nagKptAJhYf0wcGCQWmPQdGVioqkPIiIyFP7+QHKysAJxly6JkEr3ID8/8uH7GRlzAUDtCUWTWJkQ\nEanRs8/Ow9GjEf853r//fOze/YnaPpdjJkREesTEpPYOoJISYw1Hol5MJkREaiSVVtR63MxMvxb5\nYjIhIlKjsLB+cHGZ+69jLi5zMG1asEgRqQfHTIiI1CwuLhFRUftQUmIMM7NKTJsWrHdPczGZEBHp\nIQ7AExGRzmEyISIilTGZEBGRyphMiIhIZUwmRESkMiYTIiJSGZMJERGpjMmEiIhUxmRCREQqYzIh\nIiKVMZkQEZHKmEyIiEhlTCZERKQyJhMdkpCQIHYIWoNt8Q+2xT/YFuIRNZmEh4eHOzk5Zfv4+KT4\n+Pik7N69O0TMeLQd/0f5B9viH2yLf7AtxFP75sQaIpFIFDNnzlw2c+bMZWLGQUREqhG9m0uTm7cQ\nEZF6iLrT4kcffbRw7dq1E6ytre/6+fklL126dJaNjc2d6udIJBJus0hE1AB6tW1vcHDwvry8PIea\nxyMjI+d27979RMuWLf8CgPnz53+Sm5vbes2aNRPVGhARETU6rdkDPjMz03nQoEG/nTt3rqvYsRAR\nUf2IOmaSm5vbWvnn2NjYoV27dj0nZjxERNQwolYm48aNW3/mzBlviUSiaN++/bXo6OjJ9vb2N0UL\niIiIGkRtlcnu3btD3N3dL7q6ul7+/PPP36/tHBsbmzvFxcXmALBw4cKPlInkUddu3rx5hIeHR5qx\nsXHlqVOnfJXH9+3bF+zn55fs6el51s/PL/nQoUO9le+dOnXKt2vXrudcXV0vT58+/St1fd/HqUtb\nhIWFrXB1db3s5eWVmpKS4vOkaxvSFjKZLMHd3f2icl5Pfn6+nbq+86Oouy1Onz7dTXlcLpcHKL+r\np6fn2Z9//vll5XuGcF/UtS3Evi802Q5K169fb2dpaVm4dOnSWcpj2nBPANrTHvW+LxQKRaO/Kioq\njF1cXK5cu3bNuayszNTLy+vMH3/80bn6OXFxcQNCQ0PjFQoFTpw4ERgYGHjiSddeuHDBPT093U0m\nkx06depUN+XvSklJ8c7NzXVQKBQ4f/68h6OjY7byPX9/f/nJkycDFAoFQkND43ft2hWiju+sC21R\n81xNvzTdFkVFReaVlZVGCoUCubm5Di1atMivqKgwNsT74nFtIeZ9oel2UL6GDx/+68iRI39esmTJ\nLOUxse8JbWuP+t4XaqlM5HJ5QMeOHa84Oztnmpqalo8aNWrT9u3bX6x+zo4dOwaPHz9+HQAEBgae\nvHPnjk1eXp7D4651d3e/6Obmdqnm53l7e59xcHDIA4Cnn376j+LiYvPy8nLT3Nzc1vfv37cKCAiQ\nA0K32rZt24ao4zs/ira0hfJ9hYjzejTdFubm5sVGRkZVAFBcXGxubW1919jYuNIQ74tHtYXyfbHu\nC023AwBs27ZtSIcOHa4+/fTTfyiPacM9AWhPeyjV575QSzLJyclxbNu2bZbyZycnp+ycnBzHupxz\n48aNNk+69nG2bNky3NfX95SpqWl5Tk6Oo5OTU7byPUdHx5z6/K7GoC1toTw2fvz4dT4+PikRERHz\nGv6tGkaMtpDL5QEeHh5pHh4eacuWLZup/AxDvC9qawslse4LTbdDYWGh5eLFi2eHh4eH1/wMse8J\nZRza0B5K9bkv1JJM6jrRsLH/NZSWlubxwQcffBYdHT25MX+vKrSpLTZu3PjK+fPnuxw5cuS5I0eO\nPLdhw4axjfmZTyJGWwQEBMjT0tI8Tp8+3W369Olf3b1717qxfrcqtKktxLwvNN0O4eHh4e+8886X\nFhYWRWJW6Y+iTe1R3/tCLWtzOTo65mRlZbVV/pyVldW2etav7Zzs7GwnJyen7PLyctMnXVub7Oxs\np2HDhm3dsGHD2Pbt219TfkZ2drZT9XMcHR1zVP1+9aEtbQEAbdq0uQEAlpaWhWPGjPlJLpcHjB07\ndoOq37GuxGgLJXd394suLi4ZV65c6ejk5JRtiPeFUvW28PX1PSXmfaHpdpDL5QFbtmwZPnv27MV3\n7tyxMTIyqjI3Ny8eNmzYVrHvCUB72uPtt9/+pt73hToGkcrLy006dOiQce3aNefS0tImTxpEOn78\neHflIFJdrpXJZIeSk5N9lT8XFBTYeHp6psbGxg6pGUtAQMDJEydOBFZVVUnEGFTTlraoqKgw/uuv\nv+wUCgXKyspMhw8f/mt0dPSb+twW165dcy4vLzdRKBTIzMx8qm3bttfv3r3bzBDvi0e1hdj3habb\noforPDx84dKlS2cqfxb7ntCm9mjIfaG2RomPjw91c3NLd3FxubJo0aIPFQoFVq1aNXnVqlWTledM\nmTJlpYuLyxVPT8/U6k8N1HatQqHA1q1bhzo5OWWZmZkV29vb54WEhOxSKBT45JNP5jVt2rTQ29s7\nRflSNkRycrJvly5dzrm4uFyZNm3aCk3fHNrSFoWFhU19fX2TPT09Uz08PM7PmDHjy6qqKok+t8X6\n9evHenh4nPf29k7x9/eXV//LwdDui0e1hTbcF5psh+qvmslEG+4JbWmPhtwXWrOcChER6S7Rl6An\nIiLdx2RCREQqYzIhIiKVMZkQEZHKmEyIiEhlTCZERKQyJhMyeBUVFSbp6emdnnReaWmpVJ1xlJSU\nmKnz9xOpE5MJGYSqqiqjmTNnLqvtvYSEBJmRkVHVpUuX3EJDQ3dFR0dP7tu37/6JEyeuiY6Onuzr\n63tq586dL9y/f99Kec2SJUvebd26da5yvaLs7Gynzp07X1i1atX/bty40WbPnj39la/jx48/U5eY\nsrOznfbv39+3sb87kSaoZW0uIm1SUFBgu3bt2gmHDx/uVdv76enpnfr27bv/l19+Gbljx47Bpqam\n5bGxsUNnz569uFOnTunW1tZ3792718zOzi5feY2fn19ySEjI7rFjx26oqqoyOnbsWI+TJ08GNmvW\n7B7wzzpo9YmpY8eOV+Lj4wf07NnzqLm5eXFjfX8iTWBlQnrP1ta2YObMmcuUf9HXpNznw9XV9bJy\nuf5Lly65derUKR0Arl692mHo0KGx1a85efJkYGBg4MnS0lLpL7/8MnLIkCHbHvX76xPTwIED42Ji\nYkbX9zsSiY3JhAyaXC4P8Pf3TwIAHx+fFAC4fPmyq4uLS4bynFu3brWqWSkkJSX5u7m5XXrppZd+\ndXNzu9SkSZOyxojHxcUl49y5c10b43cRaRKTCRm0U6dO+fr5+SVXPyaXywOUO+4BtQ+MJyUl+f/9\n998tBg8evGPjxo2vNGZMFRUV7H4mncNkQgatqqrqP/8PJCUl+Xfv3v2E8ufq2x4DQF5enkPr1q1z\nR4wYsXnEiBGbt23bNkTRiBstFRUVWTTW7yLSFCYTMljp6emdlOMi1SUlJfkru74AoPpe6YAwXqJM\nNjY2Nnf8/f2T9u3bF9xYcSnHcIh0CZMJ6b0HDx40/fLLL9+5cOFC5+XLl8948OBBU0B4JFgmkyUo\nz0tNTfX64osv3jt79qxnbGzs0Fu3brUCAAsLiyLlOceOHevxzTffvJ2Xl+eQk5PjWFRUZFFUVGSx\ncOHCjy5duuSmakwKhUJiZWV1v9G+PJGGcD8TMlhRUVHTpk2bFvWk85YsWfLuxIkT19ja2haoO6bU\n1FSvixcvur/88ss/q/uziBoTKxMySDdu3GhT1z2+J02atHrz5s0j1B0TABw4cKDPiBEjNmvis4ga\nE5MJGaQjR448179//z11Odfa2vpu586dL1y/fr2dOmNKS0vz6NOnzwGOmZAuYjcXERGpjJUJERGp\njMmEiIhUxmRCREQqYzIhIiKVMZkQEZHKmEyIiEhlTCZERKQyJhMiIlLZ/wMBDhqhMGwlewAAAABJ\nRU5ErkJggg==\n",
+       "text": [
+        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3f9ffd0>"
+       ]
+      },
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The activation energy for the decomposition is :1.797e+02 kJ/mol\n",
+        "NOTE:Slope is approximately calculated in book,that's why wrong answer\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 4
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Example no:13.9,Page no:586"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "import math\n",
+      "#Variable declaration\n",
+      "k1=3.46*10**-2 #rate constant at T1\n",
+      "T1=298 #temp K\n",
+      "T2=350 #temp K\n",
+      "R=8.314 #gas constant,J/K mol\n",
+      "Ea=50.2*1000 #activation energy, J/mol\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Calculation\n",
+      "k2=k1/math.exp(Ea/R*(T1-T2)/(T1*T2)) #from equation ln(k1/k2)=Ea*(T1-T2)/(T1*T2*R), S-1\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#Result\n",
+      "print\"The rate constant at temp 350 is :\",round(k2,3),\"s**-1\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The rate constant at temp 350 is : 0.702 s**-1\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 81
+    }
+   ],
+   "metadata": {}
+  }
+ ]
 }
\ No newline at end of file