summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorTrupti Kini2016-09-15 23:32:16 +0600
committerTrupti Kini2016-09-15 23:32:16 +0600
commit4c3321871d49f75fdf7ca2bb8a373ad8c42471de (patch)
tree57f4b57358534cdb1c16338e97aaae380bbba0a7 /Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb
parentefe2dd9727dfa6c05bb408097ff654c722220f3c (diff)
downloadPython-Textbook-Companions-4c3321871d49f75fdf7ca2bb8a373ad8c42471de.tar.gz
Python-Textbook-Companions-4c3321871d49f75fdf7ca2bb8a373ad8c42471de.tar.bz2
Python-Textbook-Companions-4c3321871d49f75fdf7ca2bb8a373ad8c42471de.zip
Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books
M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter1.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter10.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter11.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter12.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter2.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter3.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter4.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter5.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter6.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter7.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/Chapter8.ipynb M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/screenshots/2.png M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/screenshots/3.png M BSc_First_Year_Physics_by_P._BalaBhaskar,_N._Srinivasa_Rao,_B._Sanjeeva_Rao/screenshots/4.png M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter01.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter02.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter03.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter04.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter05.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter10.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter11.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter12.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter13.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter14.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter15.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter16.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter17.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter18.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter19.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter20.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter21.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter22.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter6.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter7.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter8.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/Chapter9.ipynb M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/screenshots/16.11.png M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/screenshots/3.3.png M Basic_And_Applied_Thermodynamics_by_P._K._Nag/screenshots/7.10.png R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter1.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter1.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter10.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter10.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter13.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter13.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter14.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter14.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter15.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter15.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter2.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter2.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter3.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter3.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter4.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter4.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter5.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter5.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter7.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter7.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter8.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter8.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter9.ipynb -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter9.ipynb R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(88).png -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(88).png R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(89).png -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(89).png R Basic_Electronics_(Electronics_Engineering)_by_J_B_Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(90).png -> Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/screenshots/Screenshot_(90).png M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/chapter1.ipynb M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/chapter2.ipynb M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/chapter3.ipynb M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/chapter4.ipynb M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/chapter5.ipynb M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/chapter6.ipynb M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/chapter7.ipynb M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/chapter8.ipynb M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/screenshots/DCLOADLINEchapter4.png M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/screenshots/DCLOADLineCH4.png M Basic_Electronics_by_Rakesh_Kumar_Garg,_Ashish_Dixit_&_Paban_Yadav/screenshots/TransferCharofnchmosfetCH8.png M Electrical_Machines_-_I_by_M._Verma_And_V._Ahuja/ch1.ipynb M Electrical_Machines_-_I_by_M._Verma_And_V._Ahuja/ch2.ipynb M Electrical_Machines_-_I_by_M._Verma_And_V._Ahuja/ch3.ipynb M Electrical_Machines_-_I_by_M._Verma_And_V._Ahuja/ch4.ipynb M Electrical_Machines_-_I_by_M._Verma_And_V._Ahuja/screenshots/EffiOfTrans4.png M Electrical_Machines_-_I_by_M._Verma_And_V._Ahuja/screenshots/starDeltaNdeltaStar4.png M Electrical_Machines_-_I_by_M._Verma_And_V._Ahuja/screenshots/voltageReg4.png M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter10.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter12.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter13.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter14.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter15.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter16.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter17.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter18.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter19.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter2.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter20.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter21.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter22.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter23.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter24.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter25.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter26.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter3.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter4.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter5.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter6.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter7.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter8.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/Chapter9.ipynb M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/screenshots/1.png M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/screenshots/2.png M Engineering_Mechanics_by_A._K._Tayal/screenshots/3.png M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/Ch1.ipynb M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/Ch2.ipynb M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/Ch3.ipynb M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/Ch4.ipynb M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/Ch5.ipynb M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/Ch6.ipynb M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/Ch7.ipynb M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/Ch8.ipynb M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/README.txt M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/screenshots/6.1.png M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/screenshots/6.png M Fundamentals_Of_Electronic_Devices_by_J._B._Gupta/screenshots/7.png M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_10_Heat_Exchangers.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_11_Mass_Transfer.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_1_Introduction.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_2_Steady_State_Conduction_One_Dimension.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_3_Steady_State_Conduction_Multiple_Dimension.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_4_Unsteady_State_Conduction.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_5_Principles_of_Convection.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_6_Empirical_and_Practical_Relations_for_Forced_Convection_Heat_Transfer.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_7_Natural_Convection_Systems.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_8_Radiation_Heat_Transfer.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/Chapter_9_Condensation_and_Boiling_Heat_Transfer.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/screenshots/9.1.png M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/screenshots/9.2.png M Heat_Transfer_(In_SI_Units)_by_J_P_Holman/screenshots/9.4.png M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/README.txt M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch10.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch11.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch2.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch3.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch4.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch5.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch6.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch7.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch8.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/ch9.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/screenshots/10.png M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/screenshots/5.png M Heat_Transfer_Principles_And_Applications_by_Dutta/screenshots/51.png M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter1.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter10.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter11.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter2.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter3.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter4.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter5.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter6.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter7.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter8.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/Chapter9.ipynb M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/README.txt M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/screenshots/9.1.png M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/screenshots/9.2.png M Heat_Transfer_in_SI_units_by_Holman/screenshots/9.4.png M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/CHAPTER1.ipynb M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/CHAPTER2.ipynb M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/CHAPTER3.ipynb M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/CHAPTER4.ipynb M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/CHAPTER5.ipynb M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/CHAPTER6.ipynb M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/CHAPTER7.ipynb M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/CHAPTER8.ipynb M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/screenshots/Ch5Eigenmatrix.png M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/screenshots/Ch5eigenVectors.png M Linear_Algebra_And_Its_Applications_by_G._Strang/screenshots/ch5eigenvaluematrix.png M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter1.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter2.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter3.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter4.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter5.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter6.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter7.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter8.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/Chapter9.ipynb M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/README.txt M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/screenshots/1.png M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/screenshots/2.png M OpAmps_And_Linear_Integrated_Circuits_by_Gayakwad/screenshots/8.png M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter1.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter2.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter3.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter4.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter5.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter6.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter7.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter8.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/Chapter9.ipynb M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/README.txt M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/screenshots/4.png M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/screenshots/5.png M Power_Electronics_Principles_and_Applications_by_Jacob/screenshots/6.png M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter10_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter11_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter12_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter13_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter14_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter15_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter16_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter17_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter18_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter19_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter1_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter20_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter21_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter22_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter23_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter24_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter25_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter26_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter2_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter6_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter7_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter8_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/chapter9_6.ipynb M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/screenshots/chapter10_ac_load_line_5.png M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/screenshots/chapter18_clipping_ckt_output_6.png M Principles_of_Electronics_____by_V.K._Mehta_and_Rohit_Mehta/screenshots/chapter8_dc_load_line_6.png M Principles_of_Physics_by_F.J.Bueche/README.txt M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch10.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch11.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch12.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch14.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch16.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch2.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch3.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch4.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch5.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch6.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch7.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch8.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/ch9.ipynb M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/screenshots/ACloadLineChapter10.png M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/screenshots/DCandACloadlinechapter9.png M Semiconductor_circuit_approximations_by_A.P._Malvino/screenshots/Powerratingchapter9.png M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.10_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.2_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.3_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.4_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.5_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.6_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.7_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.8_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/chapter_no.9_8.ipynb M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/screenshots/BMD.JPG M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/screenshots/SFD2.JPG M Strength_Of_Materials_by_S_S_Bhavikatti/screenshots/S_F_D_1.JPG A Theory_of_Alternating_Current_Machinery_by_A._S._Langsdorf/README.txt M sample_notebooks/AviralYadav/Chapter5.ipynb A sample_notebooks/RONAKBANSAL/chapter_1.ipynb
Diffstat (limited to 'Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb')
-rwxr-xr-xBasic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb1078
1 files changed, 1078 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb b/Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..5c00d48c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Basic_Electronics_Electronics_Engineering_by_J_B_Gupta/chapter6.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,1078 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "#Chapter 6 , Bipolar Junction Trasistor"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.1 , Page Number 192"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 1,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Base current : 0.05 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IE = 10 * 10**-3 #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC = 9.95 * 10**-3 #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = IE - IC #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Base current : \",IB * 10**3,\"mA.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.2 , Page Number 192 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 3,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current gain (alphadc) : 0.995 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = 0.5 * 10**-3 #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC = 100.0 * 10**-3 #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IE = IB + IC #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "alphadc = IC/IE #Current amplification factor\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current amplification factor (alphadc) : \",round(alphadc,3),\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.3 , Page Number 193 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 5,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Emitter current : 2.7 mA.\n",
+ "Collector current : 2.65 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = 50 * 10**-6 #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "ICBO = 4 * 10**-6 #Collector-to-base leakage current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "alphadc = 0.98 #Current amplification factor\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = (alphadc*IB + ICBO)/(1-alphadc) #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IE = IC + IB #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Emitter current : \",IE * 10**3,\" mA.\\nCollector current : \",IC * 10**3,\" mA.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.4 , Page Number 193 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 6,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Emitter current : 20.4 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = 20.0 * 10**-3 #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "beta = 50 #Current gain \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IE = IC + IB #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Emitter current : \",IE * 10**3,\"mA.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.5 , Page Number 194 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 7,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Emitter current : 1.0 mA.\n",
+ "Current Amplification factor : 0.98 .\n",
+ "Current gain factor : 49.0 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = 20.0 * 10**-6 #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC = 0.98 * 10**-3 #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IE = IB + IC #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "alphadc = IC/IE #Current amplification factor\n",
+ "beta = IC/IB #Current gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Emitter current : \",IE*10**3,\"mA.\\nCurrent Amplification factor : \",alphadc,\".\\nCurrent gain factor : \",beta,\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.6 , Page Number 194 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 10,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Collector current : 1.09 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = 10 * 10**-6 #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "ICBO = 1.0 * 10**-6 #Collector-to-base leakage current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "beta = 99 #Current amplification factor\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = beta*IB + (1 + beta)*ICBO #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Collector current : \",IC*10**3,\" mA.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.7 , Page Number 199 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 12,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current amplification factor : 0.9697 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = -6.4 #Collector current (in milli-Ampere)\n",
+ "IE = 6.6 #Emitter current (in milli-Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "alpha = -IC/IE #Current amplification factor \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current amplification factor : \",round(alpha,4),\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.8 , Page Number 199 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 13,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Dynamic input resistance : 40.0 ohm.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "dVEB = 200 * 10**-3 #Change in emitter voltage \n",
+ "dIE = 5 * 10**-3 #Change in emitter current \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "rin = dVEB/dIE #Dynamic input resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Dynamic input resistance : \",rin,\" ohm.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.9 , Page Number 199 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 14,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Base current : 30.0 micro-A.\n",
+ "Collector current : 1.97 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "ICO = 10 * 10**-6 #Reverse saturation current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IE = 2 * 10**-3 #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "alpha = 0.98 #Current amplification factor \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = alpha*IE + ICO #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IB = IE - IC #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Base current : \",IB * 10**6,\" micro-A.\\nCollector current : \",IC * 10**3,\" mA.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.10 , Page Number 199 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 17,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current gain : 0.979 .\n",
+ "Base current : 0.03 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IE = 2.0 * 10**-3 #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC = 1.97 * 10**-3 #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "ICBO = 12.5 * 10**-6 #Reverse saturation current (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "alpha = (IC-ICBO)/IE #Current amplification factor\n",
+ "IB = IE - IC #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current gain : \",round(alpha,3),\".\\nBase current : \",IB * 10**3,\"mA.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.11 , Page Number 199 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 20,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Base current : 0.03 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "RL = 4.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "VL = 3 #Voltage drop across load (in volts)\n",
+ "alpha = 0.96 #Current amplification factor\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = VL/RL #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IE = IC/alpha #Emitter current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IB = IE - IC #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Base current : \",round(IB * 10**3,2),\"mA.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.12 , Page Number 204 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 22,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Current gain in CE configuration : 99.0 .\n",
+ "Current gain in CB configuration : 0.988 .\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "alpha1 = 0.99 #Current gain1 in CB\n",
+ "beta2 = 80.0 #Current gain2 in CE \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "beta1 = alpha1/(1-alpha1) #Current gain1 in CE \n",
+ "alpha2 = beta2/(1 + beta2) #Current gain2 in CB\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Current gain in CE configuration : \",beta1,\".\\nCurrent gain in CB configuration : \",round(alpha2,3),\".\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.13 , Page Number 204 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 23,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Base current : 20.0 micro-A.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "RL = 1.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "VL = 1.2 #Voltage across load (in volts)\n",
+ "beta = 60 #Current gain in CE \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = VL/RL #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IB = IC/beta #Base current (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Base current : \",IB * 10**6,\"micro-A.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.14 , Page Number 204 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 26,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "VCE : 9.2 V.\n",
+ "Base current : 41.67 micro-A.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCC = 10.0 #Collector supply voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "VL = 0.8 #Voltage drop across load (in volts)\n",
+ "RL = 800 #Load resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "alpha = 0.96 #Current gain in CB\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - VL #Collector-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "IC = VL/RL #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "beta = alpha/(1-alpha) #Current gain in CE \n",
+ "IB = IC/beta #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"VCE : \",VCE,\"V.\"\n",
+ "print \"Base current : \",round(IB * 10**6,2),\" micro-A.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.15 , Page Number 205 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 27,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Collector current : 11.28 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "ICO = 10.0 * 10**-6 #Reverse saturation current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "alpha = 0.98 #Current gain in CB \n",
+ "IB = 0.22 * 10**-3 #Base current (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = (alpha*IB + ICO)/(1-alpha) #Collector current (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Collector current : \",IC * 10**3,\"mA.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.16 , Page Number 205 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 29,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Dynamic input resistance : 250.0 ohm.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "dVBE = 250 * 10**-3 #Change in base-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "dIB = 1.0 * 10**-3 #Change in base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "rin = dVBE/dIB #Dynamic input resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Dynamic input resistance : \",rin,\" ohm.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.17 , Page Number 205 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 31,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Dynamic output resistance : 6.25 kilo-ohm.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "dVCE = 5 #Change in collector-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "dIC = 0.8 * 10**-3 #Change in base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "rout = dVCE/dIC #Dynamic output resistance (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Dynamic output resistance : \",rout * 10**-3,\"kilo-ohm.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.18 , Page Number 209 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 43,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Operating point Q is ( 5.2 V , 0.6 mA.)\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "data": {
+ "text/plain": [
+ "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x642f590>"
+ ]
+ },
+ "execution_count": 43,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "output_type": "execute_result"
+ },
+ {
+ "data": {
+ "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAX4AAAEZCAYAAACQK04eAAAABHNCSVQICAgIfAhkiAAAAAlwSFlz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\n",
+ "text/plain": [
+ "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x6f3ec10>"
+ ]
+ },
+ "metadata": {},
+ "output_type": "display_data"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "import numpy\n",
+ "%matplotlib inline\n",
+ "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,title,xlabel,ylabel,ylim,xlim,annotate\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCC = 10.0 #Collector supply voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "RC = 8.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "IB = 15.0 * 10**-6 #Base current (in Ampere) \n",
+ "beta = 40 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = VCC/RC #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC1 = beta * IB #Zero signal collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC1*RC #Zero signal collector-emitter voltage (in volts) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Operating point Q is (\",VCE,\"V ,\",IC1 * 10**3,\"mA.)\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Graph\n",
+ "\n",
+ "x = numpy.linspace(0,10,100)\n",
+ "y1 = numpy.linspace(0,0.6,100)\n",
+ "x1 = numpy.linspace(0,5.2,100)\n",
+ "plot(x,1.25-1.25/10*x,'b')\n",
+ "plot(x1,0.6+x1-x1,'--',color='g')\n",
+ "plot(5.2+y1-y1,y1,'--',color='g')\n",
+ "annotate('Q',xy=(5.2,0.6))\n",
+ "xlim(0,11)\n",
+ "ylim(0,1.5)\n",
+ "title(\"DC Load line\")\n",
+ "xlabel(\"-VCE in Volts->\")\n",
+ "ylabel(\"-IC in mA->\")"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.19 , Page Number 210"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 48,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Operating point is ( 6.0 V, 1.2 mA ).\n",
+ "Changed operating point is ( 3.0 V, 1.2 mA ).\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = 1.2 * 10**-3 #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "RL = 5.0 * 10**3 #Load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "VCC = 12.0 #Collector supply voltage (in volts) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCE = VCC - IC*RL #Zero signal collector-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "RL1 = 7.5 * 10**3 #Changed load resistance (in ohm)\n",
+ "VCE1 = VCC - IC*RL1 #Changed zero signal collector-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Operating point is (\",VCE,\"V,\",IC*10**3,\"mA ).\"\n",
+ "print \"Changed operating point is (\",VCE1,\"V,\",IC*10**3,\"mA ).\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.20 , Page Number 210 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 62,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "At cut-off point VCE : 20 V.\n",
+ "At saturation point IC : 6.0 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "data": {
+ "text/plain": [
+ "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x721b590>"
+ ]
+ },
+ "execution_count": 62,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "output_type": "execute_result"
+ },
+ {
+ "data": {
+ "image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYAAAAEZCAYAAACervI0AAAABHNCSVQICAgIfAhkiAAAAAlwSFlz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\nSUVORK5CYII=\n",
+ "text/plain": [
+ "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x642f370>"
+ ]
+ },
+ "metadata": {},
+ "output_type": "display_data"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "import numpy\n",
+ "%matplotlib inline\n",
+ "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,title,xlabel,ylabel,ylim,xlim\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IC = 0 #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "VCE = VCC = 20 #Collector supply (in volts)\n",
+ "RC = 3.3 * 10**3 #Resistance in collector branch (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCE1 = 0 #Saturation point collector-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "IC = VCC/RC #Collector current at saturation point (in Ampere)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"At cut-off point VCE :\",VCE,\"V.\"\n",
+ "print \"At saturation point IC :\",round(IC * 10**3),\"mA.\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Graph \n",
+ "\n",
+ "x = numpy.linspace(0,25,100)\n",
+ "plot(x,6-6.0/20*x,'b')\n",
+ "annotate('(0,6 mA)',xy=(0.5,6))\n",
+ "annotate('(20 V,0)',xy=(20,0.5))\n",
+ "xlim(0,25)\n",
+ "ylim(0,10)\n",
+ "title(\"DC Load line\")\n",
+ "xlabel(\"-VCE in Volts->\")\n",
+ "ylabel(\"-IC in mA->\")"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.21 , Page Number 210 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 56,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "VC for the network : -4.482 V.\n",
+ "VB for the network : 9.7 V.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCC = 0 #Collector supply (in volts) \n",
+ "beta = 45.0 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "VBE = 0.7 #Emitter-base voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "VEE = 9 #Emitter supply (in volts) \n",
+ "RB = 100 * 10**3 #Resistance in base branch (in ohm)\n",
+ "RC = 1.2 * 10**3 #Resistance in collector branch (in ohm) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = (VEE - VBE)/RB #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC = beta * IB #Collector current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "VC = VCC - IC * RC #Collector voltage (in volts) \n",
+ "VB = VBE + VEE #Base voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"VC for the network :\",VC,\"V.\"\n",
+ "print \"VB for the network :\",VB,\"V.\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Slight variation due to higher precision."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.22 , Page Number 211 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 64,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "IB : 0.0167 mA.\n",
+ "IC : 1.96 mA.\n",
+ "Since, beta * IB < IC , therefore , transistor is in saturation.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "VCC = 10 #Collector supply (in volts)\n",
+ "VBE = 0.8 #Emitter-to-base voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "VCE = 0.2 #Collector-to-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "beta = hfe = 100 #Current gain in CE\n",
+ "VBB = 5 #base supply (in volts)\n",
+ "RB = 50 * 10**3 #Resistance in base branch (in ohm)\n",
+ "RE = 2 * 10**3 #Resistance in emitter branch (in ohm)\n",
+ "RC = 3 * 10**3 #Resistance in collector branch (in ohm)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "IB = (VBB - VBE)/(RB+(1+beta)*RE) #Base current (in Ampere)\n",
+ "IC = (VCC - VCE)/(RE + RC) #Collector current (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"IB : \",round(IB* 10**3,4),\"mA.\"\n",
+ "print \"IC : \",IC* 10**3,\"mA.\"\n",
+ "print \"Since, beta * IB < IC , therefore , transistor is in saturation.\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "source": [
+ "##Example 6.23 , Page Number 215 "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 68,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Maximum level of collector current : 4.26 mA.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#Variables\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Tf = 105 #Free air temp. (in Celsius degree)\n",
+ "Tf1 = 80 #Temp. in excess of 25 degree celsius (in Celsius degree) \n",
+ "df = 2.81 #derating factor (in milli-Watt per Celsius degree) \n",
+ "VCE = 20 #Collector-to-emitter voltage (in volts)\n",
+ "Porig = 310.0 #Original maximum power dissipation (in milli-Watt) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Pcmax = Porig - Tf1 * df #Derated power dissipation (in milli-watt)\n",
+ "ICmax = Pcmax/VCE #Device dissipation (in Ampere) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Maximum level of collector current : \",ICmax,\" mA.\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation error in book."
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Python 2",
+ "language": "python",
+ "name": "python2"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "codemirror_mode": {
+ "name": "ipython",
+ "version": 2
+ },
+ "file_extension": ".py",
+ "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+ "name": "python",
+ "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+ "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+ "version": "2.7.10"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-20 22:40:06 +0000