Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books

 A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap10_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap11_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap12_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap13_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap16_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap17_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap18_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap19_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap20_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap21_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap22_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap23_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap24_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap25_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap26_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap27_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap28_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap29_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap30_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap31_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap32_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap33_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap34_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap3_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap5_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap7_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap8_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap9_1.ipynb
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/screenshots/Ch28Capacitance_1.png
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/screenshots/Ch28OpFreq_1.png
A  A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/screenshots/Ch28VoltageGain_1.png
A  Electronics_Circuits_and_Systems_by_Y._N._Bapat/README.txt
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/Chapter1_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter10_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter11_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter12_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter13_5.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter2_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter4_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter5_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter6_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter7_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter8_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/chapter9_6.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/charpter_3_7.ipynb
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/screenshots/1_4.PNG
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/screenshots/2_4.PNG
A  Engineering_Mechanics_of_Solids_by_Popov_E_P/screenshots/3_4.PNG
M  Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-27.ipynb
M  Fluid_Flow_For_The_Practicing_Chemical_Engineer_by_J._P._Abulencia_And_L._Theodore/Chapter-27_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter10_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter13_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter1_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter21_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter22_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter23_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter24_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter26_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter27_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter28_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter2_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter34_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter35_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter4_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter5_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter6_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/chapter9_1.ipynb
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/screenshots/screen1_1.png
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/screenshots/screen2_1.png
A  Higher_Engineering_Mathematics_by_B._S._Grewal/screenshots/screen3_1.png
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter10_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter11_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter13_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter14_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter15_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter17_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter18_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter19_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter1_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter21_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter22_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter23_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter25_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter26_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter3_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter4_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter5_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter6_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter7_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/Chapter9_1.ipynb
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/screenshots/Ch14PathOfAscent_1.png
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/screenshots/Ch14RandomNumberGenerator_1.png
A  Numerical_Methods_For_Engineers_by_S._C._Chapra_And_R._P._Canale/screenshots/Ch26EulerMethod_1.png
A  "sample_notebooks/GundlaKeerthi vani/J.B.Gupta_Chapter_6_(1).ipynb"

31 files changed, 12638 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap10_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap10_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f57bdbb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap10_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 10 : BJT LOW FREQUENCY MODELS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 10.1 Pg 187"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "gm=0.40 ohm\n",
+      "rbe=250.00 ohm\n",
+      "rbb = 250.0\n",
+      "gbc= 4.0 *10**-7\n",
+      "rce=32.89 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Ic=10#\n",
+    "Vce=10#\n",
+    "hie=500#\n",
+    "hoe=10**-5#\n",
+    "hfe=100#\n",
+    "hre=10**-4#\n",
+    "gm=Ic/25#\n",
+    "print \"gm=%0.2f\"%gm,'ohm'\n",
+    "rbe=hfe/gm#\n",
+    "print \"rbe=%0.2f\"%rbe,'ohm'\n",
+    "rbb=hie-rbe#\n",
+    "print \"rbb =\",rbb\n",
+    "gbc=hre/rbe#\n",
+    "print \"gbc=\",gbc*10**7,'*10**-7'\n",
+    "rce=-1/((hoe-(1+hfe)*gbc))\n",
+    "print \"rce=%0.2f\"%(rce*10**-3),'kohm'"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap11_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap11_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e56e99a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap11_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter -11 : BJT HIGH FREQUENCY MODELS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 11.1 Pg 204"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Id=15.00 mA\n",
+      "Id=9.60 mA\n",
+      "Id=0.60 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Idss=15*10**-3\n",
+    "Vgso=-5\n",
+    "#Id=Idss*(1-(Vgs/Vgso))**2\n",
+    "Vgs=0\n",
+    "Id=Idss*(1-(Vgs/Vgso))**2\n",
+    "print \"Id=%0.2f\"%(Id*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Vgs1=-1\n",
+    "Id=Idss*(1-(Vgs1/Vgso))**2\n",
+    "print \"Id=%0.2f\"%(Id*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Vgs2=-4\n",
+    "Id=Idss*(1-(Vgs2/Vgso))**2\n",
+    "print \"Id=%0.2f\"%(Id*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Ex 11.2 Pg 204"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Id=6.75 mA\n",
+      "Id=3.00 mA\n",
+      "Id=0.75 mA\n",
+      "Id=0.00 mA\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7ff224186490>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "from numpy import arange\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Vgs=arange(-5,-21,-5) ##Id=Idss*(1-(Vgs/Vgso))**2\n",
+    "Vgso=-20\n",
+    "Idss=12*10**-3\n",
+    "Id=[]\n",
+    "for x in Vgs:\n",
+    "    Id.append(Idss*(1-(x/Vgso))**2)\n",
+    "for x in Id:\n",
+    "    print \"Id=%0.2f\"%(x*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "y=arange(0,13,1)\n",
+    "x=arange(0,-21,-5)\n",
+    "plot(Vgs,Id)\n",
+    "xlabel(\"Gate-to-source voltage  (VGS)\")\n",
+    "ylabel(\"Drain current  ID(mA)\")\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 11.4 Pg 205"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Id=5.00 mA\n",
+      "gm=2500.00 microsec\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Idss=20*10**-3\n",
+    "vp=-8\n",
+    "gmo=5000*10**-6\n",
+    "vgs=-4\n",
+    "#Id=Idss*(1-(Vgs/Vgso))**2\n",
+    "Id=Idss*(1-(vgs/vp))**2\n",
+    "print \"Id=%0.2f\"%(Id*10**3),'mA'\n",
+    "gm=gmo*(1-(vgs/vp))\n",
+    "print \"gm=%0.2f\"%(gm*10**6),'microsec'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 11.5 Pg 206"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "k=0.12 mA\n",
+      "Idon=1.11 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Idon=10*10**-3\n",
+    "vgs=-12\n",
+    "vgsth=-3\n",
+    "#Id=K*(vgs-vgsth)**2\n",
+    "#Idon=K*(vgs-vgsth)**2\n",
+    "k=Idon/((vgs-vgsth)**2)\n",
+    "print \"k=%0.2f\"%(k*10**3),'mA'\n",
+    "vgs1=-6\n",
+    "Idon=k*(vgs1-vgsth)**2\n",
+    "print \"Idon=%0.2f\"%(Idon*10**3),'mA'\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap12_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap12_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3a0afb22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap12_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter -12 : THYRISTORS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 12.1 Pg 224"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "SCR= 24.0 A**2s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "I=40#\n",
+    "t=15*10**-3#\n",
+    "SCR=(I**2)*t#\n",
+    "print \"SCR=\",SCR,'A**2s'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 12.2 Pg 224"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "tmax= 7.5 ms\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=75.0\n",
+    "Is=100.0\n",
+    "tmax=a/Is**2#\n",
+    "print \"tmax=\",tmax*10**3,'ms'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 12.3 Pg 224"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vp= 9.7 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "VD=0.7#\n",
+    "n=0.75#\n",
+    "Vbb=12#\n",
+    "Vp=n*Vbb+VD#\n",
+    "print  \"Vp=\",Vp,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 12.4 Pg 225"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "n= 0.615384615385\n",
+      "Vp= 9.93076923077 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "rb1=4*10**3#\n",
+    "rb2=2.5*10**3#\n",
+    "Vbb=15#\n",
+    "Vd=0.7#\n",
+    "n=rb1/(rb1+rb2)#\n",
+    "print \"n=\",n##intrinsic standoff ratio\n",
+    "Vp=n*Vbb+Vd#\n",
+    "print \"Vp=\",Vp,\"V\" #peak point voltage"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 12.5 Pg 225"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "rb1=4.20 kohm\n",
+      "rb2=2.80 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "n=0.60#\n",
+    "rbb=7*10**3#\n",
+    "rb1=rbb*n#\n",
+    "print \"rb1=%0.2f\"%(rb1*10**-3),\"kohm\"\n",
+    "rb2=rbb-rb1#\n",
+    "print \"rb2=%0.2f\"%(rb2*10**-3),\"kohm\""
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap13_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap13_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7a012030
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap13_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 13 : PASSIVE CIRCUITS DEVICES"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 13.4 Pg 248"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Reqmin= 1.76538461538 ohm\n",
+      "Reqmax= 2.23235294118 ohm\n",
+      "Req= 2.0 ohm\n",
+      "t= 11.75 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R1min=2.7#\n",
+    "R2min=5.1#\n",
+    "Rmin=R1min+R2min#\n",
+    "R1max=3.3#\n",
+    "R2max=6.9#\n",
+    "Rmax=R1max+R2max#\n",
+    "a=9-Rmin#\n",
+    "b=Rmax-9#\n",
+    "tolerance=b/9#\n",
+    "Reqmin=(R1min*R2min)/(R1min+R2min)#\n",
+    "print \"Reqmin=\",Reqmin,'ohm'\n",
+    "Reqmax=(R1max*R2max)/(R1max+R2max)#\n",
+    "print \"Reqmax=\",Reqmax,'ohm'\n",
+    "R1N=3#\n",
+    "R2N=6#\n",
+    "Req=(R1N*R2N)/(R1N+R2N)#\n",
+    "print \"Req=\",Req,'ohm'\n",
+    "minval=Reqmin#\n",
+    "maxval=Reqmax#\n",
+    "maxchng=0.235#\n",
+    "t=(maxchng/2)*100#\n",
+    "print \"t=\",t,'%'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 13.5 Pg 248"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "L= 1.00091141943 H\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "N=150#\n",
+    "mur=3540#\n",
+    "mu0=4*pi*10**-7#\n",
+    "l=0.05#\n",
+    "A=5*10**-4#\n",
+    "L=(mur*mu0*A*N*N)/l#\n",
+    "print \"L=\",L,\"H\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 13.6 Pg 249"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "k= 0.199757665685\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g 13.6\n",
+    "L1=40*10**-6#\n",
+    "L2=80*10**-6#\n",
+    "M=11.3*10**-6#\n",
+    "k=M/sqrt(L1*L2)#\n",
+    "print \"k=\",k"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 13.7 Pg 250"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "R0= 10.471975512 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "Q=90#\n",
+    "L=15*10**-6#\n",
+    "f=10*10**6#\n",
+    "R0=(2*pi*f*L)/Q#\n",
+    "print \"R0=\",R0,'ohm'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 13.8 Pg 251"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "C= 88.5 pF\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "A=0.04#\n",
+    "d=0.02#\n",
+    "e0=8.85*10**-12#\n",
+    "er=5.0#\n",
+    "C=(e0*er*A)/d# \n",
+    "print \"C=\",C*10**12,\"pF\"##answer printed in the book is wrong."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 13.9 Pg 252"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "d= 4.96261682243 mm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "A=0.2#\n",
+    "C=0.428*10**-6#\n",
+    "e0=8.85*10**-12#\n",
+    "er=1200#\n",
+    "d=(e0*er*A)/C##ans printed in the book is wrong\n",
+    "print \"d=\",d*10**3,'mm'"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap16_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap16_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f6fdd499
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap16_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,538 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 16 : PN JUNCTION DIODE APPLICATIONS RECTIFIERS AND FILTERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.1 Pg 329"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "V2 = 23.0 V\n",
+      "Vm=32.53 V\n",
+      "Vdc=10.34 V\n",
+      "PIV=32.53 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "V1=230#\n",
+    "#a=(N2/N1)\n",
+    "b=(1/10)#\n",
+    "V2=V1*b#\n",
+    "print \"V2 =\",V2,\"V\"\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt(2)*V2#\n",
+    "print \"Vm=%0.2f\"%Vm,\"V\"\n",
+    "Vdc=0.318*Vm#\n",
+    "print 'Vdc=%0.2f'%Vdc,\"V\"\n",
+    "PIV=Vm#\n",
+    "print 'PIV=%0.2f'%PIV,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.2 Pg 329"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vm=33.94 V\n",
+      "Im=1.70 mA\n",
+      "Idc=0.54 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "RL=20*10**3#\n",
+    "V2=24#\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt(2)*V2#\n",
+    "print 'Vm=%0.2f'%Vm,\"V\"\n",
+    "Im=Vm/RL#\n",
+    "print 'Im=%0.2f'%(Im*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Idc= 0.318*Im#\n",
+    "print 'Idc=%0.2f'%(Idc*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.3 Pg 330"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "V2=115.00 V\n",
+      "Vm=162.63 V\n",
+      "Im=0.81 A\n",
+      "Pm=132.25 W\n",
+      "Vdc=51.72 V\n",
+      "Idc=0.26 A\n",
+      "Pdc=13.37 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "V1=230#\n",
+    "#a=(N2/N1)\n",
+    "b=(1/2)#\n",
+    "RL=200#\n",
+    "V2=V1*b#\n",
+    "print 'V2=%0.2f'%V2,\"V\"\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt(2)*V2#\n",
+    "print 'Vm=%0.2f'%Vm,\"V\"\n",
+    "Im=Vm/RL#\n",
+    "print 'Im=%0.2f'%Im,\"A\"\n",
+    "Pm=(Im**2)*RL#\n",
+    "print 'Pm=%0.2f'%Pm,\"W\"\n",
+    "Vdc=0.318*Vm#\n",
+    "print 'Vdc=%0.2f'%Vdc,\"V\"\n",
+    "Idc=(Vdc/RL)#\n",
+    "print 'Idc=%0.2f'%Idc,\"A\"\n",
+    "Pdc=(Idc**2)*RL#\n",
+    "print 'Pdc=%0.2f'%Pdc,\"W\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.4 Pg 331"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Idc=0.05 A\n",
+      "Im=0.16 A\n",
+      "Vin=98.17 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "Vdc=30#\n",
+    "RL=600#\n",
+    "Rf=25#\n",
+    "Idc=(Vdc/RL)#\n",
+    "print 'Idc=%0.2f'%Idc,\"A\"\n",
+    "Im=pi*Idc#\n",
+    "print 'Im=%0.2f'%Im,\"A\"\n",
+    "Vin=Im*(Rf+RL)#\n",
+    "print 'Vin=%0.2f'%Vin,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.5 Pg 332"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vdc=13.49 V\n",
+      "vdc=2.65 mV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "V2=30#\n",
+    "RL=5.1*10**3#\n",
+    "VS=V2/2#\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt(2)*VS#\n",
+    "Vdc=0.636*Vm#\n",
+    "print 'Vdc=%0.2f'%Vdc,\"V\"\n",
+    "vdc=Vdc/RL#\n",
+    "print 'vdc=%0.2f'%(vdc*1e3),\"mV\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.6 Pg 333"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vdc=51.72 V\n",
+      "PIV=81.32 V\n",
+      "fout=100.00 Hz\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "V1=230#\n",
+    "fin=50#\n",
+    "#let a=N1/N2\n",
+    "a=1/4#\n",
+    "V2=V1*a#\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt(2)*V2#\n",
+    "Vdc=0.636*Vm#\n",
+    "print 'Vdc=%0.2f'%Vdc,\"V\"\n",
+    "PIV=Vm#\n",
+    "print 'PIV=%0.2f'%PIV,\"V\"\n",
+    "fout=2*fin#\n",
+    "print 'fout=%0.2f'%fout,\"Hz\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.7 Pg 334"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vdc=20.71 V\n",
+      "PIV=65.05 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
+    "V1=230#\n",
+    "#LET a=N2/N1\n",
+    "a=1/5#\n",
+    "RL=100#\n",
+    "V2=V1*a#\n",
+    "Vs=V2/2#\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt(2)*Vs#\n",
+    "Vdc=2*Vm/pi#\n",
+    "print 'Vdc=%0.2f'%Vdc,\"V\"\n",
+    "PIV=2*Vm#\n",
+    "print 'PIV=%0.2f'%PIV,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.8 Pg 335"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Imax=560.00 mA\n",
+      "RL=505.08 ohm\n",
+      "Vdc=180.06 V\n",
+      "Idc=0.36 A\n",
+      "PIV=565.69 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
+    "Vs=200#\n",
+    "Imax=700*10**-3#\n",
+    "Iavg=250*10**-3#\n",
+    "Imax=0.8*Imax#\n",
+    "print 'Imax=%0.2f'%(Imax*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt(2)*Vs#\n",
+    "RL=Vm/Imax#\n",
+    "print 'RL=%0.2f'%RL,\"ohm\"\n",
+    "Vdc=2*Vm/pi#\n",
+    "print 'Vdc=%0.2f'%Vdc,\"V\"\n",
+    "Idc=Vdc/RL#\n",
+    "print 'Idc=%0.2f'%Idc,\"A\"\n",
+    "PIV=2*Vm#\n",
+    "print 'PIV=%0.2f'%PIV,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.9 Pg 336"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "L=1.50 H\n",
+      "L=0.19 H\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "f=50#\n",
+    "y=0.05#\n",
+    "RL=100#\n",
+    "L=RL/(y*3*sqrt(2)*2*pi*f)#\n",
+    "print \"L=%0.2f\"%L,\"H\"\n",
+    "f=400#\n",
+    "y=0.05#\n",
+    "L=RL/(y*3*sqrt(2)*2*pi*f)#\n",
+    "print \"L=%0.2f\"%L,\"H\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.10 Pg 337"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "C=289.00 microF\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vdc=30#\n",
+    "RL=1*10**3#\n",
+    "y=0.01#\n",
+    "C=2890/(y*RL)#\n",
+    "print \"C=%0.2f\"%C,'microF'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.11 Pg 338"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "C=119.50 microF\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vdc=12#\n",
+    "Idc=100*10**-3#\n",
+    "y=0.01#\n",
+    "L=1#\n",
+    "C=1.195/(L*y)#\n",
+    "print \"C=%0.2f\"%C,'microF'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.12 Pg 339"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "y= 0.076 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Idc=0.2#\n",
+    "Vdc=30#\n",
+    "C1=100#\n",
+    "C2=100#\n",
+    "L=5#\n",
+    "f=50#\n",
+    "RL=Vdc/Idc#\n",
+    "y=5700/(L*C1*C2*RL)#\n",
+    "print 'y=',y*100,\"%\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 16.13 Pg 340"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vdc=351.00 V\n",
+      "I=2.09 A\n",
+      "Iavg=0.67 A\n",
+      "Pdc=702.00 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vs=150#\n",
+    "Idc=2#\n",
+    "Vdc=2.34*Vs#\n",
+    "print 'Vdc=%0.2f'%Vdc,\"V\"\n",
+    "I=Idc/0.955#\n",
+    "print 'I=%0.2f'%I,\"A\"\n",
+    "Iavg=2/3#\n",
+    "print 'Iavg=%0.2f'%Iavg,\"A\"\n",
+    "Pdc=Vdc*Idc#\n",
+    "print 'Pdc=%0.2f'%Pdc,\"W\""
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap17_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap17_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d1a76597
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap17_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 17 : CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 17.1 Pg 370"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a=22.797\n",
+      "cosalpha=0.873\n",
+      "alpha=29.157 degree\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi,sqrt,cos,acos\n",
+    "RL=100#\n",
+    "Vm=300#\n",
+    "#load power P= Vdc*Idc\n",
+    "a=(Vm/(2*pi))**2*(1/RL)#\n",
+    "print \"a=%0.3f\"%a\n",
+    "p=25#\n",
+    "#1+cosb=sgrt(25/a)\n",
+    "b=a*1+cos(sqrt(p/a))#\n",
+    "cosalpha=(sqrt(p/a))-1#\n",
+    "p=80#\n",
+    "cosalpha=(sqrt(p/a))-1#\n",
+    "print \"cosalpha=%0.3f\"%cosalpha\n",
+    "#or#\n",
+    "alpha=acos(cosalpha)*180/pi\n",
+    "print 'alpha=%0.3f'%alpha,'degree'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 17.2 Pg 371"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "P=4044.96 mW OR\n",
+      "P=4.04 W\n",
+      "P=2916.00 mW OR\n",
+      "P=2.92 W\n",
+      "P=1011.240000 mW OR\n",
+      "P=1.01 W\n",
+      "P=86.86 mW OR\n",
+      "P=0.09 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "vm=200#\n",
+    "Rl=1*10**3#\n",
+    "#ALPHA=0degree\n",
+    "Vdc=vm*0.318#\n",
+    "Idc=Vdc/Rl#\n",
+    "P=Vdc*Idc#\n",
+    "print \"P=%0.2f\"%(P*1e3),'mW',\"OR\"\n",
+    "print \"P=%0.2f\"%P,'W'\n",
+    "#alpha=45 degree\n",
+    "Vdc=vm*0.27#\n",
+    "Idc=Vdc/Rl#\n",
+    "P=Vdc*Idc#\n",
+    "print \"P=%0.2f\"%(P*1e3),'mW',\"OR\"\n",
+    "print \"P=%0.2f\"%P,'W'\n",
+    "#alpha=90 degree\n",
+    "Vdc=vm*0.159#\n",
+    "Idc=Vdc/Rl#\n",
+    "P=Vdc*Idc#\n",
+    "print \"P=%02f\"%(P*1e3),'mW',\"OR\"\n",
+    "print \"P=%0.2f\"%P,'W'\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#alpha=135 degree\n",
+    "Vdc=vm*0.04660#\n",
+    "Idc=Vdc/Rl#\n",
+    "P=Vdc*Idc#\n",
+    "print \"P=%0.2f\"%(P*1e3),'mW',\"OR\"\n",
+    "print \"P=%0.2f\"%P,'W'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 17.3 Pg 372"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vm=311 V\n",
+      "Vdc=74.28 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi,cos\n",
+    "Vrms=220#\n",
+    "a=60#\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt (2)*Vrms#\n",
+    "print 'Vm=%02.f'%Vm,\"V\"\n",
+    "Vdc=(Vm/(2*pi))*(1+cos(pi/180*60))#\n",
+    "print 'Vdc=%0.2f'%Vdc,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 17.4 Pg 373"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vm=141.42 V\n",
+      "RL=76.85 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi,cos\n",
+    "Vrms=100#\n",
+    "a=45#\n",
+    "Idc=0.5#\n",
+    "Vm=sqrt (2)*Vrms#\n",
+    "print 'Vm=%0.2f'%Vm,\"V\"\n",
+    "#Idc=(Vm/(2*pi*RL))*(1+cosd(a))#\n",
+    "RL=(Vm/(2*pi*Idc))*(1+cos(pi/180*a))#\n",
+    "print \"RL=%0.2f\"%RL,'ohm'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 17.5 Pg 374"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a=0.75\n",
+      "f=25.00 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ton=30*10**-6#\n",
+    "Toff=10*10**-6#\n",
+    "#consider duty cycle=a\n",
+    "a=Ton/(Ton+Toff)#\n",
+    "print \"a=%0.2f\"%a\n",
+    "f=(1/(Ton+Toff))\n",
+    "print \"f=%0.2f\"%(f*10**-3),'kHZ'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 17.6 Pg 375"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a=0.75\n",
+      "Vl=150.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ton=30*10**-3#\n",
+    "Toff=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "Vdc=200#\n",
+    "a=Ton/(Ton+Toff)#\n",
+    "print \"a=%0.2f\"%a\n",
+    "Vl=Vdc*a#\n",
+    "print 'Vl=%0.2f'%(Vl),\"V\""
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap18_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap18_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2161d14f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap18_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,1220 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 18 : BJT BIASING AND STABILISATION"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.1 Pg 402"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=2.00 mA\n",
+      "Vce=20.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f3408d27b10>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "Vbb=10#\n",
+    "Rb=47*10**3#\n",
+    "Vcc=20#\n",
+    "Rc=10*10**3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "Ic=Vcc/Rc##saturation current\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),'mA'\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc##cut-off voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f'%Vce,\"V\"\n",
+    "i=arange(2,0,-0.1)\n",
+    "plot(i)#\n",
+    "xlabel(\"VCE\")#\n",
+    "ylabel( \"IC\")#\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.2 Pg 403"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IC=66.67 mA\n",
+      "Vce=20.00 V\n",
+      "Ib=1.86e-04 A\n",
+      "Ic=3.72e-02 A\n",
+      "Vce=8.84 V\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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0vpbkm0l+t9l2WlUdaS4fAU7rZmmd2Oixv5Tx8bFqUY6VDyS5J8nyxNMkC7EvkuxlXE3/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\nLXMgajYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2cf6497910>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vbb=10#\n",
+    "Rb=50*10**3#\n",
+    "Vcc=20#\n",
+    "Rc=300#\n",
+    "beta=200#\n",
+    "Ic=Vcc/Rc##saturation current\n",
+    "print \"IC=%0.2f\"%(Ic*1e3),'mA'\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc##cut-off voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f'%Vce,\"V\"\n",
+    "Ib=(Vbb-0.7)/Rb#\n",
+    "print \"Ib=%0.2e\"%Ib,\"A\"\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2e\"%Ic,\"A\"\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*Rc#\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f'%Vce,\"V\"\n",
+    "i=arange(21,0,-0.1)\n",
+    "plot(i)#\n",
+    "xlabel(\"VCE\")#\n",
+    "ylabel( \"IC\")#\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.3 Pg 404"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ib=0.14 mA\n",
+      "Ic=11.11 mA\n",
+      "Vce=15.89 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Rb=180*10**3#\n",
+    "Vcc=25#\n",
+    "Rc=820#\n",
+    "beta=80#\n",
+    "Ib=Vcc/Rb##saturation current\n",
+    "print \"Ib=%0.2f\"%(Ib*1e3),'mA'\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*1e3),'mA'\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc)##cut-off voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f'%Vce,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.4 Pg 404"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rb=40.00 Kohm\n",
+      "S= 101\n",
+      "Ic=3.00e-02 A\n",
+      "Vce=2.10 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=12#\n",
+    "Rc=330#\n",
+    "Ib=0.3*10**-3#\n",
+    "beta=100#\n",
+    "#Ib=Vcc/Rb##saturation current\n",
+    "Rb=Vcc/Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Rb=%0.2f\"%(Rb*1e-3),'Kohm'\n",
+    "S=1+beta#\n",
+    "print \"S=\",S\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2e\"%Ic,\"A\"\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc)##cut-off voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f'%Vce,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.5 Pg 405"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ib=0.04 mA\n",
+      "Ic=4.00 mA\n",
+      "Vce=8.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Rb=400*10**3#\n",
+    "Vcc=20#\n",
+    "Rc=2*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=1*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=100#\n",
+    "Ib=Vcc/(Rb+(beta*Re))##saturation current\n",
+    "print \"Ib=%0.2f\"%(Ib*10**3),'mA'\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),'mA'\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*(Rc+Re))##cut-off voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f'%Vce,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.6 Pg 406"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=2.35 mA\n",
+      "VCe=6.82 V\n",
+      "Icsat=5.45 mA\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2d0cb4b310>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=12#\n",
+    "Rc=2.2*10**3#\n",
+    "Rb=240#\n",
+    "B=50#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "RE=0#\n",
+    "Ic=(Vcc-Vbe)/(RE+(Rb/B))##collector current\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f mA\"%Ic\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*10**-3)*Rc##CE voltage\n",
+    "print 'VCe=%0.2f V'%Vce\n",
+    "Icsat=Vcc/Rc#\n",
+    "print 'Icsat=%0.2f mA'%(Icsat*10**3)\n",
+    "Vcec=Vcc##cutoff voltage\n",
+    "i=arange(5.45,0,-0.5)\n",
+    "plot(i)#\n",
+    "xlabel(\"VCE\")#\n",
+    "ylabel( \"IC\")#\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.7 Pg 407"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=6.00 mA\n",
+      "Vce=30.00 V\n",
+      "Ib=20.00 microA\n",
+      "Ic=2.00 mA\n",
+      "Vce= 20.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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TM/MnZY9lGiLidGAfsCUz1/Wf2wj8V2Zu7P+D/bOZ+YkyxzmpJY5vDngqM/+81MGtUES8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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f2cf32fe390>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=30#\n",
+    "Rb=1.5*10**6#\n",
+    "Rc=5*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=100#\n",
+    "Ic=Vcc/Rc##saturation current\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc##cut-off voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f V'%Vce\n",
+    "Ib=Vcc/Rb##base current\n",
+    "print 'Ib=%0.2f microA'%(Ib*10**6)\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib#\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-Ic*Rc#\n",
+    "print 'Vce= %0.2f V'%Vce\n",
+    "i=arange(6,0,-0.2)\n",
+    "plot(i)#\n",
+    "xlabel(\"VCE\")#\n",
+    "ylabel( \"IC\")#\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.9 Pg 408"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=9.92 mA\n",
+      "Vce= 16.87 V\n",
+      "S=74.394\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Rb=180*10**3#\n",
+    "Vcc=25#\n",
+    "Rc=820#\n",
+    "Re=200#\n",
+    "beta=80#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Ic=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Re+(Rb/beta))##collector current\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc)##collector to emitter voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce= %0.2f V'%Vce\n",
+    "S=(1+beta)/(1+beta*(Re/(Re+Rb)))#\n",
+    "print \"S=%0.3f\"%S##stability factor"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.10 Pg 409"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=0.85 mA\n",
+      "Vce= 1.55 V\n",
+      "Ic=1.00 mA\n",
+      "Vce= 10.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Rb=100*10**3#\n",
+    "Vcc=10#\n",
+    "Rc=10*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=100#\n",
+    "Ic=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rc+(Rb/beta))##collector current\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc)##collector to emitter voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce= %0.2f V'%Vce\n",
+    "Ic=Vcc/Rc#\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc#\n",
+    "print 'Vce= %0.2f V'%Vce"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.11 Pg 410"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ib=0.05 mA\n",
+      "Ic=2.33 mA\n",
+      "Ie=2.33 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Rb=100*10**3#\n",
+    "Vcc=10#\n",
+    "Rc=2*10**3#\n",
+    "beta1=50#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(beta1*Rc))#\n",
+    "print 'Ib=%0.2f mA'%(Ib*10**3)\n",
+    "Ic=beta1*Ib#\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Ie=Ic#\n",
+    "print 'Ie=%0.2f mA'%(Ie*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.12 Pg 411"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IB=15.82 microA\n",
+      "IC=1581.82 microA\n",
+      "IC=1.58 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=9#\n",
+    "RB=220*10**3#\n",
+    "RC=3.3*10**3#\n",
+    "VBE=0.3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "#if vc=0\n",
+    "IB=(VCC-VBE)/(RB+(B*RC))#\n",
+    "print 'IB=%0.2f microA'%(IB*10**6)\n",
+    "IC=B*IB#\n",
+    "print 'IC=%0.2f microA'%(IC*10**6) #CORRECTION IN BOOK\n",
+    "#if VC=9\n",
+    "VC=9#\n",
+    "IC=B*IB#\n",
+    "print 'IC=%0.2f mA'%(IC*10**3)\n",
+    "#IC*RC=0,which means collector resistance is short circuited"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.13 Pg 412"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=1.96 mA\n",
+      "Vb=0.90 V\n",
+      "Vc=5.53 V\n",
+      "IR2=0.28 mA\n",
+      "Ib=0.04 mA\n",
+      "IR1=0.32 mA\n",
+      "R1=14.63 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=12#\n",
+    "Rc=3.3*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=100#\n",
+    "Ie=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "alpha=0.98#\n",
+    "Ic=alpha*Ie#\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Vb=Vbe+(Ie*Re)#\n",
+    "print 'Vb=%0.2f V'%Vb\n",
+    "Vc=Vcc-(Ic*Rc)##collector to emitter voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vc=%0.2f V'%Vc\n",
+    "R2=20*10**3#\n",
+    "IR2=Vc/R2#\n",
+    "print 'IR2=%0.2f mA'%(IR2*10**3)\n",
+    "Ib=Ie-Ic#\n",
+    "print 'Ib=%0.2f mA'%(Ib*10**3)\n",
+    "IR1=IR2+Ib#\n",
+    "print 'IR1=%0.2f mA'%(IR1*10**3)\n",
+    "R1=(Vc-Vb)/IR1#\n",
+    "print 'R1=%0.2f kohm'%(R1*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.14 Pg 414"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IC=1.90 mA\n",
+      "RB=117.00 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=24#\n",
+    "RC=10*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=270#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "B=45#\n",
+    "VCE=5#\n",
+    "IC=(VCC-VCE)/RC#\n",
+    "print 'IC=%0.2f mA'%(IC*10**3)\n",
+    "RB=(2.6*10**3)*B#\n",
+    "print 'RB=%0.2f kohm'%(RB*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.15 Pg 416"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 25,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ib=0.01 mA\n",
+      "Ic=1.06 mA\n",
+      "Vce=1.09 V\n",
+      "S=16.091\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Rb=33*10**3#\n",
+    "Vcc=3#\n",
+    "Rc=1.8*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=90#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/(Rb+(Rc*beta))##collector current\n",
+    "print 'Ib=%0.2f mA'%(Ib*10**3)\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib#\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Ic*Rc)##collector to emitter voltage\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f V'%Vce\n",
+    "S=(1+beta)/(1+beta*(Rc/(Rc+Rb)))#stability factor\n",
+    "print \"S=%0.3f\"%S"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.16 Pg 416"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vb=3.33 V\n",
+      "Ve=2.63 V\n",
+      "Ie=05 mA\n",
+      "Ic=05 mA\n",
+      "Ve=2.63 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Vcc=10#\n",
+    "Rc=1*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=100#\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=5*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=500#\n",
+    "Vb=Vcc*(R2/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "print 'Vb=%0.2f V'%Vb\n",
+    "Ve=Vb-Vbe#\n",
+    "print 'Ve=%0.2f V'%Ve\n",
+    "Ie=Ve/Re#\n",
+    "print 'Ie=%02.f mA'%(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "Ic=Ie#\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%02.f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Vce=Vcc-(Rc+Re)#\n",
+    "print 'Ve=%0.2f V'%Ve"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.17 Pg 418"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vb=2.81 V\n",
+      "Ve=2.11 V\n",
+      "Ie=3.11 mA\n",
+      "Ic=3.11 mA\n",
+      "VRc=3.11 V\n",
+      "Vc=5.89 V\n",
+      "Vce=3.78 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=9#\n",
+    "Rc=1*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=680#\n",
+    "beta=100#\n",
+    "R1=33*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=15*10**3#\n",
+    "Vb=Vcc*(R2/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "print 'Vb=%0.2f V'%Vb\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Ve=Vb-Vbe#\n",
+    "print 'Ve=%0.2f V'%Ve\n",
+    "Ie=Ve/Re#\n",
+    "print 'Ie=%0.2f mA'%(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "Ic=Ie#\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "VRc=Ic*Rc#\n",
+    "print 'VRc=%0.2f V'%VRc\n",
+    "Vc=Vcc-VRc#\n",
+    "print 'Vc=%0.2f V'%Vc\n",
+    "Vce=Vc-Ve#\n",
+    "print 'Vce=%0.2f V'%Vce"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.18 Pg 419"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 29,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rc=2200.00 ohm\n",
+      "R1=40.00 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=5#\n",
+    "RE=0.3*10**3#\n",
+    "IC=1*10**-3#\n",
+    "VCE=2.5#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "ICO=0#\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3#\n",
+    "IE=IC#\n",
+    "RC=((VCC-VCE)/IC)-RE#\n",
+    "print 'Rc=%0.2f ohm'%RC\n",
+    "VE=IE*RE#\n",
+    "VB=VE+VBE#\n",
+    "R1=VCC*R2-R2#\n",
+    "print 'R1=%0.2f kohm'%(R1*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.19 Pg 420"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 30,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VB=10.00 V\n",
+      "IE=1.86 mA\n",
+      "VCE=18.14 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=20#\n",
+    "RC=1*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=5*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3#\n",
+    "B=462#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "VB=Vcc*R2/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "print 'VB=%0.2f V'%VB\n",
+    "VE=VB-VBE#\n",
+    "IE=VE/RE#\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(IE*10**3)\n",
+    "IC=IE#\n",
+    "VCE=Vcc-IC*RC#\n",
+    "print 'VCE=%0.2f V'%VCE"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.20 Pg 422"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 31,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IC=0.62 mA\n",
+      "IE=0.65 mA\n",
+      "IB=26.04 microA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=8#\n",
+    "VRC=0.5#\n",
+    "RC=800#\n",
+    "a=0.96#\n",
+    "VCE=VCC-VRC##VRC=IC*RC\n",
+    "IC=VRC/RC#\n",
+    "print 'IC=%0.2f mA'%(IC*10**3)\n",
+    "IE=IC/a#\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(IE*10**3)\n",
+    "IB=IE-IC#\n",
+    "print 'IB=%0.2f microA'%(IB*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.21 Pg 423"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 32,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "ICdiff=43.478 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=12#\n",
+    "RC=1*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=100#\n",
+    "R1=25*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=5*10**3#\n",
+    "B=50#\n",
+    "VBE=0.6#\n",
+    "VTH=VCC*R2/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "RTH=R1*R2/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "IE50=(VTH-VBE)/(RE+RTH/B)#\n",
+    "B=150#\n",
+    "IE150=(VTH-VBE)/(RE+RTH/B)#\n",
+    "ICdiff=(IE150-IE50)/IE50#\n",
+    "print \"ICdiff=%0.3f %%\"%(ICdiff*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.24 Pg 424"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 33,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "RE=1.40 kohm\n",
+      "RTH=2.98 kohm\n",
+      "R2=7.00 kohm\n",
+      "R1=5.17 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "B=50#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "VCC=22.5#\n",
+    "RC=5.6*10**3#\n",
+    "VCE=12#\n",
+    "IC=1.5*10**-3#\n",
+    "S=3#\n",
+    "RE=(VCC-IC*RC-VCE)/IC#\n",
+    "print 'RE=%0.2f kohm'%(RE*10**-3)\n",
+    "RTH=(4375)-RE#\n",
+    "print 'RTH=%0.2f kohm'%(RTH*10**-3)\n",
+    "R2=0.1*B*RE#\n",
+    "print 'R2=%0.2f kohm'%(R2*10**-3)\n",
+    "R1=(-RTH*R2)/(RTH-R2)#\n",
+    "print 'R1=%0.2f kohm'%(R1*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.25 Pg 425"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ie=1.86 mA\n",
+      "IC=1.86 mA\n",
+      "VCE=8.84 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "VEE=10#\n",
+    "RC=1*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=5*10**3#\n",
+    "RB=50*10**3#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "VE=-VBE#\n",
+    "IE=(VEE-VBE)/RE#\n",
+    "print 'Ie=%0.2f mA'%(IE*10**3)\n",
+    "IC=IE#\n",
+    "print 'IC=%0.2f mA'%(IC*10**3)\n",
+    "VC=VCC-IC*RC#\n",
+    "VCE=VC-VE#\n",
+    "print 'VCE=%0.2f V'%VCE"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.26 Pg 426"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IE1=1.89 mA\n",
+      "VC1=10.54 V\n",
+      "VCE1=11.24 V\n",
+      "IE2=1.92 mA\n",
+      "VC2=10.40 V\n",
+      "VCE2=8.74 V\n",
+      "delIc=1.51 %\n",
+      "delVCE=28.60 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=20#\n",
+    "VEE=20#\n",
+    "RC=5*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=10*10**3#\n",
+    "RB=10*10**3#\n",
+    "B1=50#\n",
+    "B2=100#\n",
+    "VBE1=0.7#\n",
+    "VBE2=0.6#\n",
+    "IE1=(VEE-VBE1)/(RE+RB/B1)#\n",
+    "print 'IE1=%0.2f mA'%(IE1*10**3)\n",
+    "IC1=IE1#\n",
+    "VC1=VCC-IC1*RC#\n",
+    "print 'VC1=%0.2f V'%VC1\n",
+    "VE=-VBE1#\n",
+    "VCE1=VC1-VE#\n",
+    "print 'VCE1=%0.2f V'%VCE1\n",
+    "IE2=(VEE-VBE2)/(RE+RB/B2)#\n",
+    "print 'IE2=%0.2f mA'%(IE2*10**3)\n",
+    "IC2=IE2#\n",
+    "VC2=VCC-IC2*RC#\n",
+    "print 'VC2=%0.2f V'%VC2\n",
+    "VE=-VBE2#\n",
+    "VCE2=VC-VE#\n",
+    "print 'VCE2=%0.2f V'%VCE2\n",
+    "delIc=(IC2-IC1)/IC1#\n",
+    "print \"delIc=%0.2f %%\"%(delIc*100)\n",
+    "delVCE=(VCE1-VCE2)/VCE2#\n",
+    "print \"delVCE=%0.2f %%\"%(delVCE*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.27 Pg 427"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VB=-2.00 V\n",
+      "VE=-1.80 V\n",
+      "IC=1.80 mA\n",
+      "VC=-8.40 V\n",
+      "VCE=-6.60 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=12#\n",
+    "RC=2*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=1*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=100*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=20*10**3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "VBE=-0.2#\n",
+    "VB=-VCC*R2/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "print 'VB=%0.2f V'%VB\n",
+    "VE=VB-VBE#\n",
+    "print 'VE=%0.2f V'%VE\n",
+    "IE=-VE/RE#\n",
+    "IC=IE#\n",
+    "print \"IC=%0.2f mA\"%(IC*10**3)\n",
+    "VC=-(VCC-IC*RC)#\n",
+    "print 'VC=%0.2f V'%VC\n",
+    "VCE=VC-(VE)#\n",
+    "print 'VCE=%0.2f V'%VCE"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 18.28 Pg 428"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VB=-0.41 V\n",
+      "VE=-0.11 V\n",
+      "IC=0.40 mA\n",
+      "VRC=0.61 V\n",
+      "VC=-3.89 V\n",
+      "VCE=-3.78 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=4.5#\n",
+    "RC=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=0.27*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=2.7*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=27*10**3#\n",
+    "B=44#\n",
+    "VBE=-0.3#\n",
+    "VB=-VCC*R2/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "print 'VB=%0.2f V'%VB\n",
+    "VE=VB-VBE#\n",
+    "print 'VE=%0.2f V'%VE\n",
+    "IE=-VE/RE#\n",
+    "IC=IE#\n",
+    "print 'IC=%0.2f mA'%(IC*10**3)\n",
+    "VRC=IC*RC#\n",
+    "print 'VRC=%0.2f V'%VRC\n",
+    "VC=-(VCC-VRC)\n",
+    "print 'VC=%0.2f V'%VC\n",
+    "VCE=VC-(VE)#\n",
+    "print 'VCE=%0.2f V'%VCE"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap19_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap19_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4d1188c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap19_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,749 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 19 : SINGLE STAGE BJT AMPLIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.1 Pg 456"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ib=9.30 microA\n",
+      "Ic=0.93 mA\n",
+      "re=26.88 ohm\n",
+      "Ri=2.69 kohm\n",
+      "Ris=2.68 kohm\n",
+      "R0=10.00 kOhm\n",
+      "Av=372.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=10#\n",
+    "Rc=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Rb=1*10**6#\n",
+    "beta=100#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Ib=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rb#\n",
+    "print 'Ib=%0.2f microA'%(Ib*10**6)\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib#\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Ie=Ic#\n",
+    "re=25/(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "print 're=%0.2f ohm'%re\n",
+    "Ri=beta*re#\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ris=(Rb*beta*re)/(Rb+beta*re)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f kohm'%(Ris*10**-3)\n",
+    "R0=Rc#\n",
+    "print 'R0=%0.2f kOhm'%(R0*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=Rc/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.2 Pg 458"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "ib=2.00 microA\n",
+      "ic=100.00 microA\n",
+      "Ap=10000.00\n",
+      "Gp=40.00 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "Ri=2.5*10**3#\n",
+    "Av=200#\n",
+    "Vs=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "beta=50#\n",
+    "ib=(Vs/Ri)\n",
+    "print 'ib=%0.2f microA'%(ib*10**6)\n",
+    "ic=beta*ib#\n",
+    "print 'ic=%0.2f microA'%(ic*10**6)\n",
+    "Ai=beta#\n",
+    "Ap=Ai*Av#\n",
+    "print \"Ap=%0.2f\"%Ap\n",
+    "Gp=10*log10(Ap)\n",
+    "print 'Gp=%0.2f dB'%Gp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.3 Pg 460"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=12.00 mA\n",
+      "re=2.08 ohm\n",
+      "Ri=150.31 kohm\n",
+      "rIS=60.05 kohm\n",
+      "Av=5.00\n",
+      "Gp=6.99 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "Vcc=20#\n",
+    "Rc=5*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=1*10**3#\n",
+    "Rb=100*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=150#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7\n",
+    "Ic=Vcc/(Re+(Rb/beta))\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Ie=Ic#\n",
+    "re=25/(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "print 're=%0.2f ohm'%re\n",
+    "Ri=beta*(re+Re)\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ris=(Rb*Ri)/(Rb+Ri)\n",
+    "print 'rIS=%0.2f kohm'%(Ris*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=Rc/Re#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Gp=10*log10(Av)\n",
+    "print 'Gp=%0.2f dB'%Gp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.4 Pg 462"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=1.09 mA\n",
+      "re=22.92 ohm\n",
+      "Ri=1145.83 ohm\n",
+      "Ris=1143.21 ohm\n",
+      "Av=436.36\n",
+      "Av=10.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=12#\n",
+    "Rc=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=1*10**3#\n",
+    "Rb=500*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=50#\n",
+    "Ic=Vcc/(Re+(Rb/beta))\n",
+    "print 'Ic=%0.2f mA'%(Ic*10**3)\n",
+    "Ie=Ic#\n",
+    "re=25/(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "print 're=%0.2f ohm'%re\n",
+    "Ri=beta*re#\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f ohm'%Ri\n",
+    "Ris=(Rb*Ri)/(Rb+Ri)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f ohm'%Ris\n",
+    "R0=Rc#\n",
+    "Av=R0/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Av=Rc/Re#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.5 Pg 463"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vth=7.26 V\n",
+      "Rth=1.14e+04 ohm\n",
+      "IE=0.79 mA\n",
+      "re=31.48 ohm\n",
+      "rl=2.48 kohm\n",
+      "Av=78.83 \n",
+      "V0=394.14 mV\n",
+      "Ri=6.30 kohm\n",
+      "Ris=4.05 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=30#\n",
+    "Rc=10*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=3.3*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=47*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=15*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=8.2*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=200#\n",
+    "Vs=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Vth=(Vcc*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Vth=%0.2f V'%Vth\n",
+    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Rth=%0.2e ohm'%Rth\n",
+    "Ie=(Vth-Vbe)/(Re+(Rth/beta))\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "re=25/(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "print 're=%0.2f ohm'%re\n",
+    "rl=(Rc*RL)/(Rc+RL)\n",
+    "print 'rl=%0.2f kohm'%(rl*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=rl/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f \"%Av\n",
+    "Vin=5#\n",
+    "V0=Av*Vin\n",
+    "print 'V0=%0.2f mV'%V0\n",
+    "Ri=beta*re#\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ris=(Rth*Ri)/(Rth+Ri)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f kohm'%(Ris*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.6 Pg 465"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vth=1.67 V\n",
+      "Rth=8.33e+03 ohm\n",
+      "IE=0.83 mA\n",
+      "re=30.17 ohm\n",
+      "Ris=1277.37 ohm\n",
+      "rl=4.55 kohm\n",
+      "Av=150.65\n",
+      "Vin=6.80 mV\n",
+      "V0=1.03 mV\n",
+      "Avs=102.50\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=10#\n",
+    "Rc=5*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=1*10**3#0\n",
+    "RL=50*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=50*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Rs=600#\n",
+    "beta=50#\n",
+    "Vs=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Vth=(Vcc*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Vth=%0.2f V'%Vth\n",
+    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Rth=%0.2e ohm'%Rth\n",
+    "Ie=(Vth-Vbe)/(Re+(Rth/beta))\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "re=25/(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "print 're=%0.2f ohm'%re\n",
+    "Ri=beta*re#\n",
+    "Ris=(Rth*Ri)/(Rth+Ri)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f ohm'%Ris\n",
+    "rl=(Rc*RL)/(Rc+RL)\n",
+    "print 'rl=%0.2f kohm'%(rl*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=rl/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Vin=(Vs*Ris)/(Ris+Rs)\n",
+    "print 'Vin=%0.2f mV'%(Vin*10**3)\n",
+    "V0=Av*Vin#\n",
+    "print 'V0=%0.2f mV'%V0\n",
+    "Avs=(Av*Vin)/Vs#\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f\"%Avs"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.7 Pg 467"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vth=-3.13 V\n",
+      "Rth=6.78 kohm\n",
+      "IE=-2.35 mA\n",
+      "re1=12.78 ohm\n",
+      "Ris=3.19 kohm\n",
+      "re=1.77 kohm\n",
+      "Av=138.28\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=-18#\n",
+    "Rc=4.3*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=1*10**3#0\n",
+    "RL=3*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=39*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=8.2*10**3#\n",
+    "beta1=200#\n",
+    "Vbe=-0.7#\n",
+    "Vth=(Vcc*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Vth=%0.2f V'%Vth\n",
+    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Rth=%0.2f kohm'%(Rth*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ie=(Vth-Vbe)/(Re+(Rth/beta1))\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "re1=(30*10**-3)/(-Ie)\n",
+    "print 're1=%0.2f ohm'%re1\n",
+    "Ri=beta1*re#\n",
+    "Ris=(Rth*Ri)/(Rth+Ri)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f kohm'%(Ris*10**-3)\n",
+    "re=(Rc*RL)/(Rc+RL)\n",
+    "print 're=%0.2f kohm'%(re*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=re/re1#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.8 Pg 468"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vth=1.82 V\n",
+      "Rth=9.09 kohm\n",
+      "IE=1.02 mA\n",
+      "re=24.39 ohm\n",
+      "Ris=1923.08 ohm\n",
+      "Av=233.70\n",
+      "Vin=0.01 mV\n",
+      "V0=0.00 V\n",
+      "Avs=222.15\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=20#\n",
+    "Rc=5.7*10**3#\n",
+    "Re=1*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=100*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Rs=100#\n",
+    "beta1=100#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "Vth=(Vcc*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Vth=%0.2f V'%Vth\n",
+    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Rth=%0.2f kohm'%(Rth*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ie=(Vth-Vbe)/(Re+(Rth/beta1))\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "re=25/(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "print 're=%0.2f ohm'%re\n",
+    "Ri=beta1*re#\n",
+    "Ris=(Rth*Ri)/(Rth+Ri)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f ohm'%Ris\n",
+    "rl=Rc#\n",
+    "Av=rl/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Vin=(Vs*Ris)/(Ris+Rs)\n",
+    "print 'Vin=%0.2f mV'%Vin\n",
+    "V0=Av*Vin#\n",
+    "print 'V0=%0.2f V'%(V0*10**-3)\n",
+    "Avs=(Av*Vin)/Vs#\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f\"%Avs"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.9 Pg 469"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vth=1.67 V\n",
+      "Rth=8.33e+00 ohm\n",
+      "RE=1000.00 ohm\n",
+      "Ie=0.83 mA\n",
+      "re=30.17 ohm\n",
+      "Ri=26.51 kohm\n",
+      "Ris=6340.21 ohm\n",
+      "rl=4.55 kohm\n",
+      "Av=8.57 \n",
+      "VinBYVs=0.91\n",
+      "Avs=7.83\n",
+      "V0=783.23 mV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=10#\n",
+    "Rc=5*10**3#\n",
+    "RE1=500#\n",
+    "R1=50*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Rs=600#\n",
+    "rE=500#\n",
+    "beta1=50#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "vs=100*10**-3#\n",
+    "Rl=50*10**3#\n",
+    "Vth=(Vcc*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Vth=%0.2f V'%Vth\n",
+    "Rth=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print 'Rth=%0.2e ohm'%(Rth*10**-3)\n",
+    "RE=RE1+rE#\n",
+    "print 'RE=%0.2f ohm'%RE\n",
+    "Ie=(Vth-Vbe)/(RE+(Rth/beta1))\n",
+    "print 'Ie=%0.2f mA'%(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "re=25/(Ie*10**3)\n",
+    "print 're=%0.2f ohm'%re\n",
+    "Ri=beta1*(re+rE)\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ris=(Rth*Ri)/(Rth+Ri)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f ohm'%Ris\n",
+    "rl=(Rc*Rl)/(Rc+Rl)\n",
+    "print 'rl=%0.2f kohm'%(rl*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=rl/(re+rE)\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f \"%Av\n",
+    "VinBYVs=(Ris)/(Ris+Rs)\n",
+    "print \"VinBYVs=%0.2f\"%VinBYVs\n",
+    "Avs=Av*VinBYVs#\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f\"%Avs\n",
+    "V0=Avs*vs#\n",
+    "print 'V0=%0.2f mV'%(V0*10**3) #answer printed in the book is wrong(variation in decimal point) "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    " ## Ex 19.10 Pg 470"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ris=53.62 ohm\n",
+      "Ai=0.98\n",
+      "Av=62.82\n",
+      "Ap=61.56\n",
+      "Gp=17.89 dB\n",
+      "Vo=628.21 mV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VS=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "a=0.98#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "RC=10*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=5.1*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=20*10**3#\n",
+    "VEE=10#\n",
+    "IE=(VEE-VBE)/RE#\n",
+    "re=25/IE*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ri=re#\n",
+    "Ris=(RE*re)/(RE+re)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f ohm'%Ris\n",
+    "Ai=a#\n",
+    "print \"Ai=%0.2f\"%Ai\n",
+    "rL=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL)\n",
+    "Av=rL/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Ap=Av*Ai#\n",
+    "print \"Ap=%0.2f\"%Ap\n",
+    "Gp=10*log10(Ap)\n",
+    "print 'Gp=%0.2f dB'%Gp\n",
+    "Vin=VS#\n",
+    "Vo=Av*Vin#\n",
+    "print 'Vo=%0.2f mV'%(Vo*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.11 Pg 471"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Avs=32.56\n",
+      "Av=62.83\n",
+      "vin=5.18 mV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Rs=50#\n",
+    "IE=0.465*10**-3#\n",
+    "re1=53.8#\n",
+    "Ri=53.8#\n",
+    "Ris=52.4#\n",
+    "rL=3.38*10**3#\n",
+    "Avs=rL/(Rs+re1)\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f\"%Avs\n",
+    "Av=rL/re1#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Vs=10#\n",
+    "vo=Avs*Vs#\n",
+    "vin=vo/Av#\n",
+    "print 'vin=%0.2f mV'%vin"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.12 Pg 473"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ri=501.61 kohm\n",
+      "Ro=32.26 ohm\n",
+      "Av=1.00 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VEE=10#\n",
+    "RE=10*10**3#\n",
+    "RB=100*10**3#\n",
+    "B=50#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "IE=(VEE-VBE)/(RE+(RB/B))\n",
+    "re=25/IE*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ri=B*(RE+re)\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ris=(RB*Ri)/(RB+Ri)\n",
+    "Rs=0#\n",
+    "Ro=re+((RB*Rs)/(RB+Rs))/B#\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f ohm'%Ro\n",
+    "Av=RE/(re+RE)\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f \"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 19.13 Pg 475"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IE=0.82 mA\n",
+      "Ris=9.12 kohm\n",
+      "Ro=51.44 ohm\n",
+      "Vin=4.10 mV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "B=80#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "VCC=15#\n",
+    "R1=20*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=20*10**3#\n",
+    "RS=2*10**3#\n",
+    "VS=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "RE=8.2*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "VTH=VCC*R2/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "RTH=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "IE=(VTH-VBE)/(RE+(RTH/B))\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(IE*10**3)\n",
+    "re=25/IE*10**-3#\n",
+    "rL=(RE*RL)/(RE+RL)\n",
+    "Ri=B*(rL+re)\n",
+    "Ris=(RTH*Ri)/(RTH+Ri)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f kohm'%(Ris*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ro=re+((RS*RTH)/(RS+RTH))/B#\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f ohm'%Ro\n",
+    "Vin=VS*Ris/(RS+Ris)\n",
+    "print 'Vin=%0.2f mV'%(Vin*10**3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap20_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap20_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8176c9b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap20_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,501 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 20 : HYBRID PARAMETERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.2 Pg 511"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ris=995.45 Ohm\n",
+      "Ro=10.26 kohm\n",
+      "Ros=911.16 ohm\n",
+      "Ais=-22.78\n",
+      "Avs=-22.78\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hie=1.0*10**3\n",
+    "hre=1*10**-4\n",
+    "hoe=100*10**-6\n",
+    "RC=1000\n",
+    "RS=1000\n",
+    "rL=RC\n",
+    "hfe=50\n",
+    "Ai=-hfe/(1+hoe*rL)\n",
+    "Ri=hie+hre*Ai*rL\n",
+    "Ris=Ri\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f Ohm'%Ris\n",
+    "delh=hie*hoe-hre*hfe\n",
+    "his=1000\n",
+    "Ro=(RS+his)/(RS*hoe+delh)\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f kohm'%(Ro*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ros=(Ro*rL)/(Ro+rL)\n",
+    "print 'Ros=%0.2f ohm'%Ros\n",
+    "Ais=(Ai*RS)/(RS+Ris)\n",
+    "print \"Ais=%0.2f\"%Ais\n",
+    "Av=(Ai*rL)/Ri\n",
+    "Avs=(Av*Ris)/(RS+Ris)\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f\"%Avs"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.3 Pg 512"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ai=48.78 \n",
+      "Ri=1112.20 Ohm\n",
+      "Av=43.86 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hie=1.1*10**3\n",
+    "hre=2.5*10**-4\n",
+    "hfe=50\n",
+    "hoe=25*10**-6\n",
+    "rs=1*10**3\n",
+    "rL=1*10**3\n",
+    "Ai=hfe/(1+hoe*rL)\n",
+    "print \"Ai=%0.2f \"%Ai\n",
+    "Ri=hie+hre*Ai*rL\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f Ohm'%Ri\n",
+    "Av=(Ai*rL)/Ri\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f \"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.4 Pg 513"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ris=197.38 ohm\n",
+      "Ros=3636.36 ohm\n",
+      "Avs=-3.20 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "RC=4*10**3\n",
+    "RB=40*10**3\n",
+    "RS=10*10**3\n",
+    "hie=1100\n",
+    "hfe=50\n",
+    "hre=0\n",
+    "hoe=0\n",
+    "RB2=40*10**3\n",
+    "rL=(RC*RB2)/(RC+RB2)\n",
+    "Ai=-hfe/(1+hoe*rL)\n",
+    "Ri=hie+hre*Ai*rL\n",
+    "Av=(Ai*rL)/Ri\n",
+    "RB1=40*10**3/(1-Av)\n",
+    "Ris=(Ri*RB1)/(Ri+RB1)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f ohm'%Ris\n",
+    "Ros=rL##Ro=infinity\n",
+    "print 'Ros=%0.2f ohm'%Ros\n",
+    "Avs=(Av*Ris)/(RS+Ris)\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f \"%Avs"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.5 Pg 514"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ai=0.98\n",
+      "Ri=28.59 ohm\n",
+      "Ro=56.05 kohm\n",
+      "Av=41.12\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hib=28\n",
+    "hfb=-0.98\n",
+    "hrb=5*10**-4\n",
+    "hob=0.34*10**-6\n",
+    "rL=1.2*10**3\n",
+    "Rs=0\n",
+    "Ai=-hfb/(1+hob*rL)\n",
+    "print \"Ai=%0.2f\"%Ai\n",
+    "Ri=hib+hrb*Ai*rL\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f ohm'%Ri\n",
+    "delh=hib*hob-hrb*hfb\n",
+    "Ro=(Rs+hib)/(Rs*hib+delh)\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f kohm'%(Ro*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=(Ai*rL)/Ri\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.6 Pg 515"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ai=45.33\n",
+      "Ri=228.67 kohm\n",
+      "Ris=4893.01 ohm\n",
+      "Ros=58.14 ohm\n",
+      "Aid=7.69\n",
+      "Av=0.99\n",
+      "Avs=0.82\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hic=2*10**3\n",
+    "hfc=-51\n",
+    "hrc=1\n",
+    "hoc=25*10**-6\n",
+    "rL=5*10**3\n",
+    "RE=5*10**3\n",
+    "Rs=1000\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3\n",
+    "Ai=-hfc/(1+hoc*rL)\n",
+    "print \"Ai=%0.2f\"%Ai\n",
+    "Ri=hic+hrc*Ai*rL\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri*10**-3)\n",
+    "a=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "Ris=(Ri*a)/(Ri+a)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f ohm'%Ris\n",
+    "Ro=-(Rs+hic)/hfc\n",
+    "Ros=(Ro*RE)/(Ro+RE)\n",
+    "print 'Ros=%0.2f ohm'%Ros\n",
+    "Ais=(Ai*Rs)/(Rs+Ris)\n",
+    "print \"Aid=%0.2f\"%Ais\n",
+    "Av=(Ai*rL)/Ri\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Avs=(Av*Ris)/(Rs+Ris)\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f\"%Avs"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.7 Pg 516"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ris=1.22 kohm\n",
+      "Ros=3.12 kohm\n",
+      "Avs=-111.11\n",
+      "Ais=-50.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hie=1500\n",
+    "hfe=50\n",
+    "hre=50*10**-4\n",
+    "hoe=20*10**-6\n",
+    "RC=5*10**3\n",
+    "RL=10*10**3\n",
+    "R1=20*10**3\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3\n",
+    "rL=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL)\n",
+    "Ai=-hfe\n",
+    "Ri=hie\n",
+    "a=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "Ris=(Ri*a)/(Ri+a)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f kohm'%(Ris*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ro=1/hoe\n",
+    "Ros=(Ro*rL)/(Ro+rL)##correction \n",
+    "print 'Ros=%0.2f kohm'%(Ros*10**-3)\n",
+    "Avs=(Ai*rL)/Ri\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f\"%Avs\n",
+    "Ais=Ai##correction\n",
+    "print \"Ais=%0.2f\"%Ais"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.8 Pg 517"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "hie=2.24 kohm\n",
+      "hfe=156.52 ohm\n",
+      "Ris=1.45 kohm\n",
+      "Avs=236.41\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "RC=12*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=4.7*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=33*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=4.7*10**3#\n",
+    "IC=1*10**-3#\n",
+    "hiemin=1*10**3#\n",
+    "hiemax=5*10**3#\n",
+    "hfemin=70#\n",
+    "hfemax=350#\n",
+    "hie=sqrt(hiemin*hiemax)#\n",
+    "print 'hie=%0.2f kohm'%(hie*10**-3)\n",
+    "hfe=sqrt(hfemin*hfemax)#\n",
+    "print 'hfe=%0.2f ohm'%hfe ##answer printed in the book is wrong\n",
+    "Ri=hie#\n",
+    "a=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "Ris=(Ri*a)/(Ri+a)#\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f kohm'%(Ris*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ai=hfe#\n",
+    "rc=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL)#\n",
+    "Avs=(Ai*rc)/Ri#\n",
+    "print \"Avs=%0.2f\"%Avs"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.9 Pg 518"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ris=1.17 kohm\n",
+      "Ros=2.56 kohm\n",
+      "Ai=120.00\n",
+      "Av=275.74\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "RB=330*10**3\n",
+    "RC=2.7*10**3\n",
+    "hfe=120\n",
+    "hie=1.175*10**3\n",
+    "hoe=20*10**-6\n",
+    "Ri=hie\n",
+    "Ris=(hie*RB)/(hie+RB)\n",
+    "print 'Ris=%0.2f kohm'%(Ris*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ro=1/hoe\n",
+    "Ros=(Ro*RC)/(Ro+RC)\n",
+    "print 'Ros=%0.2f kohm'%(Ros*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ai=hfe\n",
+    "print \"Ai=%0.2f\"%Ai\n",
+    "Av=(hfe*RC)/Ri\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.10 Pg 519"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "hfb=-0.98\n",
+      "hfc=-51.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hfe=50\n",
+    "hfb=-hfe/(1+hfe)\n",
+    "print \"hfb=%0.2f\"%hfb\n",
+    "hfc=-(1+hfe)\n",
+    "print \"hfc=%0.2f\"%hfc"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 20.11 Pg 520"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ai=-41.13\n",
+      "Ri=412.29 kohm\n",
+      "Av=1.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hie=1100\n",
+    "hre=2.5*10**-4\n",
+    "hfe=50\n",
+    "hoe=24*10**-6\n",
+    "rL=10*10**3\n",
+    "RS=1*10**3\n",
+    "hic=hie\n",
+    "hrc=1-hre\n",
+    "hfc=-(1+hfe)\n",
+    "Ai=hfc/(1+hoe*rL)\n",
+    "print \"Ai=%0.2f\"%Ai\n",
+    "Ri=hie+hrc*-Ai*rL\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=(-Ai*rL)/Ri\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap21_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap21_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..56603bf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap21_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 21 : MULTISTAGE BJT AMPLIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.1 Pg 565"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=8000.00\n",
+      "GV=78.06 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "Av1=10#\n",
+    "Av2=20#\n",
+    "Av3=40#\n",
+    "Av=Av1*Av2*Av3#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "GV1=20*log10(Av1)#\n",
+    "GV2=20*log10(Av2)#\n",
+    "GV3=20*log10(Av3)#\n",
+    "GV=GV1+GV2+GV3##CORRECTION\n",
+    "print 'GV=%0.2f dB'%GV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.2 Pg 565"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=3000.00\n",
+      "Av3=10.00\n",
+      "Av2=15.00\n",
+      "vin2=1.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "vin1=0.05#\n",
+    "vout3=150#\n",
+    "Av1=20#\n",
+    "vin3=15#\n",
+    "Av=vout3/vin1#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Av3=vout3/vin3#\n",
+    "print \"Av3=%0.2f\"%Av3\n",
+    "Av2=Av/(Av3*Av1)#\n",
+    "print \"Av2=%0.2f\"%Av2\n",
+    "vin2=Av2/vin3#\n",
+    "print 'vin2=%0.2f V'%vin2"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.3 Pg 566"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ri1=2750.00 ohm\n",
+      "Ri2=2750.00 ohm\n",
+      "Ro1=1774.19 ohm\n",
+      "Ro2=3333.33 ohm\n",
+      "Av1=64.52\n",
+      "Av2=121.21\n",
+      "Av=7820.14\n",
+      "Gv=77.86 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "Rc=5*10**3#\n",
+    "RB=1*10**6#\n",
+    "RE=1*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=10*10**3#\n",
+    "B1=100#\n",
+    "B2=100#\n",
+    "B=B1#\n",
+    "IE=VCC/(RE+(RB/B1))#\n",
+    "re=25/(IE*10**3)#\n",
+    "Ri1=B*re#\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f ohm'%Ri1\n",
+    "Ri2=B*re#\n",
+    "print 'Ri2=%0.2f ohm'%Ri2\n",
+    "Ro1=(Rc*Ri2)/(Rc+Ri2)#\n",
+    "print 'Ro1=%0.2f ohm'%Ro1\n",
+    "Ro2=(Rc*RL)/(Rc+RL)#\n",
+    "print 'Ro2=%0.2f ohm'%Ro2\n",
+    "Av1=Ro1/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av1=%0.2f\"%Av1\n",
+    "Av2=Ro2/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av2=%0.2f\"%Av2\n",
+    "Av=Av1*Av2#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Gv=20*log10(Av)#\n",
+    "print 'Gv=%0.2f dB'%Gv"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.4 Pg 567"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ri1=1165.73 ohm\n",
+      "Ro1=861.43 ohm\n",
+      "Ro2=2481.20 ohm\n",
+      "Av1=73.90\n",
+      "Av2=212.85\n",
+      "Av=15728.47\n",
+      "Gv=83.93 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "VCC=15#\n",
+    "Rc=3.3*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=1000#\n",
+    "R1=33*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=8.2*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=10*10**3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "VTH=VCC*(R2/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "RTH=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "IE=(VTH-VBE)/(RE+(RTH/B))#\n",
+    "re=25/(IE*10**3)#\n",
+    "Ri2=B*re#\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f ohm'%Ri2 #the answer of Ri2 varies from the answer printed in the book with slight difference(11.7 in book & 11.65 here),but this affects some answers further.\n",
+    "Ro1=(Rc*Ri2)/(Rc+Ri2)#\n",
+    "print 'Ro1=%0.2f ohm'%Ro1 \n",
+    "Ro2=(Rc*RL)/(Rc+RL)#\n",
+    "print 'Ro2=%0.2f ohm'%Ro2 \n",
+    "Av1=Ro1/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av1=%0.2f\"%Av1\n",
+    "Av2=Ro2/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av2=%0.2f\"%Av2\n",
+    "Av=Av1*Av2#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Gv=20*log10(Av)#\n",
+    "print 'Gv=%0.2f dB'%Gv"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.5 Pg 568"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f2=500.03 kHZ\n",
+      "Av=84.85\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "bw=500*10**3#\n",
+    "Avmax=120#\n",
+    "f1=25#\n",
+    "f2=bw+f1#\n",
+    "print 'f2=%0.2f kHZ'%(f2*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=Avmax/(sqrt(2))\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av #ans printed in the book is  wrong"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.6 Pg 569"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ri1=1296.41 ohm\n",
+      "Ri2=1296.41 ohm\n",
+      "Av1=797.79\n",
+      "Av2=615.38\n",
+      "Av=490949.75\n",
+      "Gv=113.82 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "RB=470*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=1*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=1*10**3#\n",
+    "a=4#\n",
+    "B=50#\n",
+    "IE=VCC/(RE+(RB/B))#\n",
+    "re=25/(IE*10**3)#\n",
+    "Ri1=(RB*(B*re))/(RB+(B*re))#\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f ohm'%Ri1\n",
+    "Ri2=(RB*(B*re))/(RB+(B*re))#\n",
+    "print 'Ri2=%0.2f ohm'%Ri2\n",
+    "RI2=(a**2)*Ri2#\n",
+    "RO1=RI2#\n",
+    "RI2=(a**2)*RL#\n",
+    "Av1=RO1/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av1=%0.2f\"%Av1\n",
+    "RO2=RI2#\n",
+    "Av2=RO2/re#\n",
+    "print \"Av2=%0.2f\"%Av2\n",
+    "Av=Av1*Av2#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Gv=20*log10(Av)#\n",
+    "print 'Gv=%0.2f dB'%Gv"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.7 Pg 570"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av1=4.71\n",
+      "Av2=4.94\n",
+      "Av=23.24\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=12#\n",
+    "R1=100*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=20*10**3#\n",
+    "R3=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R4=2*10**3#\n",
+    "R5=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R6=2*10**3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "B2=100#\n",
+    "VTH=VCC*(R2/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "IE1=VTH/R4#\n",
+    "re1=25/IE1*10**-3#\n",
+    "VR6=VCC-IE1*R3#\n",
+    "IE2=VR6/R6#\n",
+    "re2=25/IE2*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ri2=B2*(re2+R6)#\n",
+    "R01=(R3*Ri2)/(R3+Ri2)#\n",
+    "RO2=R5#\n",
+    "Av1=R01/(re1+R4)#\n",
+    "print \"Av1=%0.2f\"%Av1\n",
+    "Av2=RO2/(re2+R6)#\n",
+    "print \"Av2=%0.2f\"%Av2\n",
+    "Av=Av1*Av2#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.8 Pg 571"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IC1=07 mA\n",
+      "VCE1=4.80 V\n",
+      "VCE2=-6.48 V\n",
+      "Av1=2.93 \n",
+      "Av2=1.00 \n",
+      "Av=2.93 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "R1=800#\n",
+    "R2=200#\n",
+    "R3=600#\n",
+    "R4=200#\n",
+    "R5=100#\n",
+    "R6=1*10**3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "B2=B#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "RE=200#\n",
+    "VR2=VCC*(R2/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "IE1=(VR2-VBE)/RE#\n",
+    "IC1=IE1#\n",
+    "print 'IC1=%02.f mA'%(IC1*10**3)\n",
+    "VC1=VCC-IC1*R3#\n",
+    "VE1=IE1*R4#\n",
+    "VCE1=VC1-VE1#\n",
+    "print 'VCE1=%0.2f V'%VCE1\n",
+    "VE2=VC1-(-VBE)#\n",
+    "IE2=(VCC-VE2)/R6#\n",
+    "IC2=IE2#\n",
+    "VC2=IC2*R5#\n",
+    "VCE2=VC2-VE2#\n",
+    "print 'VCE2=%0.2f V'%VCE2\n",
+    "re1=25/IE1*10**-3#\n",
+    "re2=25/IE2*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ri2=B2*(re2+R6)#\n",
+    "R01=(R3*Ri2)/(R3+Ri2)#\n",
+    "Av1=R01/(re1+R4)#\n",
+    "print \"Av1=%0.2f \"%Av1\n",
+    "Av2=1#\n",
+    "print \"Av2=%0.2f \"%Av2\n",
+    "Av=Av1*Av2#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f \"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 21.9 Pg 572"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ai=15000.00\n",
+      "re2=14.42 ohm\n",
+      "re1=1442.31 ohm\n",
+      "Ri1=12.00 kohm\n",
+      "Av=0.98 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "R1=30*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=20*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "B1=150#\n",
+    "B2=100#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "Ai=B1*B2#\n",
+    "print \"Ai=%0.2f\"%Ai\n",
+    "VR2=VCC*(R2/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "VB2=VR2-VBE#\n",
+    "VE2=VB2-VBE#\n",
+    "IE2=VE2/RE#\n",
+    "re2=25/(IE2*10**3)#\n",
+    "print 're2=%0.2f ohm'%re2\n",
+    "Ib2=IE2/B2#\n",
+    "IE1=Ib2#\n",
+    "re1=25/(IE1*10**3)#\n",
+    "print 're1=%0.2f ohm'%re1\n",
+    "Ri1=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri1*10**-3)\n",
+    "Av=RE/((re1/B2)+(re2+RE))#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f \"%Av"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap22_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap22_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d28c4e5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap22_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,763 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 22 : FET AMPLIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.1 Pg 601"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VS=2.50 V\n",
+      "VD=5.00 V\n",
+      "VDS=2.50 V\n",
+      "VGS=-2.50 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ID=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "VDD=10#\n",
+    "RD=1*10**3#\n",
+    "RS=500#\n",
+    "VS=ID*RS#\n",
+    "print 'VS=%0.2f V'%VS\n",
+    "VD=VDD-ID*RD#\n",
+    "print 'VD=%0.2f V'%VD\n",
+    "VDS=VD-VS#\n",
+    "print 'VDS=%0.2f V'%VDS\n",
+    "VGS=-VS#\n",
+    "print 'VGS=%0.2f V'%VGS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.2 Pg 602"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "ID=0.18 mA\n",
+      "VGS=-0.98 V\n",
+      "R1=1.50 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "RD=56*10**3#\n",
+    "RG=1*10**6#\n",
+    "IDSS=1.5*10**-3#\n",
+    "VP=-1.5#\n",
+    "VD=10#\n",
+    "VDD=20#\n",
+    "ID=VD/RD#\n",
+    "print 'ID=%0.2f mA'%(ID*10**3)\n",
+    "#ID=IDSS*(1-(VGS/VP))**2\n",
+    "VGS=VP*(1-sqrt(ID/IDSS))#\n",
+    "print 'VGS=%0.2f V'%VGS\n",
+    "VS=VGS#\n",
+    "R1=(-VS/ID)-4*10**3#\n",
+    "print 'R1=%0.2f kohm'%(R1*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.3 Pg 603"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "RS=933.33 ohm\n",
+      "RD=5.73 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ID=1.5*10**-3#\n",
+    "VDS=10#\n",
+    "IDSS=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "VP=-2#\n",
+    "VDD=20#\n",
+    "#ID=IDSS*(1-(VGS/VP))**2\n",
+    "VGS=VP*(1-(ID/IDSS))#\n",
+    "VS=-VGS#\n",
+    "RS=(VS/ID)#\n",
+    "print 'RS=%0.2f ohm'%RS\n",
+    "RD=((VDD-VDS)/ID)-RS#\n",
+    "print 'RD=%0.2f kohm'%(RD*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.5 Pg 604"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "RS=528.31 ohm\n",
+      "RD=1.50 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "VP=5#\n",
+    "IDSS=12*10**-3#\n",
+    "VDD=12#\n",
+    "ID=4*10**-3#\n",
+    "VDS=6#\n",
+    "VGS=VP*(1-sqrt(ID/IDSS))#\n",
+    "VS=VGS#\n",
+    "RS=VS/ID#\n",
+    "print 'RS=%0.2f ohm'%RS\n",
+    "RD=VDS/ID#\n",
+    "print 'RD=%0.2f kohm'%(RD*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.6 Pg 605"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IDQ=5.00 mA\n",
+      "VDS=10.00 V\n",
+      "RD=2.00 kohm\n",
+      "RS=440.00 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "IDSS=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "VDD=20#\n",
+    "IDQ=IDSS/2#\n",
+    "print 'IDQ=%0.2f mA'%(IDQ*10**3)\n",
+    "VDSQ=VDD/2#\n",
+    "print 'VDS=%0.2f V'%VDSQ\n",
+    "VGS=-2.2#\n",
+    "RD=(VDD-VDSQ)/IDQ#\n",
+    "print 'RD=%0.2f kohm'%(RD*10**-3)\n",
+    "RS=-VGS/IDQ#\n",
+    "print 'RS=%0.2f ohm'%(RS)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.7 Pg 606"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VGS=-3.78 V\n",
+      "VDS=4.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VDD=20#\n",
+    "RD=2.5*10**3#\n",
+    "RS=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=2*10**6#\n",
+    "R2=250*10**3#\n",
+    "ID=4*10**-3#\n",
+    "VG=(R2*VDD)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "VS=ID*RS#\n",
+    "VGS=VG-VS#\n",
+    "print 'VGS=%0.2f V'%VGS\n",
+    "VD=VDD-ID*RD#\n",
+    "VDS=VD-VS#\n",
+    "print 'VDS=%0.2f V'%VDS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.8 Pg 607"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=-6.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gm=4*10**-3#\n",
+    "RD=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "AV=-gm*RD#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%AV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.9 Pg 608"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "rL=9.80e+03 ohm\n",
+      "Av=-24.51\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gm=2.5*10**-3#\n",
+    "rd=500*10**3#\n",
+    "RD=10*10**3#\n",
+    "rL=(RD*rd)/(rd+RD)#\n",
+    "print 'rL=%0.2e ohm'%rL\n",
+    "AV=-gm*rL#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%AV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.10 Pg 608"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=-26.67\n",
+      "Ri=100.00 Mohm\n",
+      "Ro=13.33 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gm=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "rd=40*10**3#\n",
+    "RD=20*10**3#\n",
+    "RG=100*10**6#\n",
+    "rL=(RD*rd)/(RD+rd)#\n",
+    "Av=-gm*rL#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "Ri=RG#\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f Mohm'%(Ri*10**-6)\n",
+    "Ro=rL#\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f kohm'%(Ro*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.11 Pg 609"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=-16.67\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g 22.11\n",
+    "gm=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "rd=10*10**3#\n",
+    "RD=50*10**3#\n",
+    "rl=(rd*RD)/(rd+RD)#\n",
+    "Av=-gm*rl#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.12 Pg 610"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=-48.89\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "RD=100*10**3#\n",
+    "gm=1.6*10**-3#\n",
+    "rd=44*10**3#\n",
+    "Cgs=3*10**-12#\n",
+    "Cds=1*10**-12#\n",
+    "Cgd=2.8*10**-12#\n",
+    "rl=(RD*rd)/(RD+rd)#\n",
+    "Av=-gm*rl#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.13 Pg 610"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VO=0.84 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gm=4500*10**-6#\n",
+    "RD=3*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=5*10**3#\n",
+    "vin=100*10**-3#\n",
+    "ID=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "rl=(RD*RL)/(RD+RL)#\n",
+    "VO=gm*rl*vin#\n",
+    "print 'VO=%0.2f V'%VO"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.14 Pg 611"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=-2.00\n",
+      "Av=-1.97\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g 22.14#\n",
+    "gm=4*10**-3#\n",
+    "RD=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "RG=10*10**6#\n",
+    "rs=500#\n",
+    "rl=RD#\n",
+    "AV=-(gm*rl)/(1+gm*rs)#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%AV\n",
+    "RL=100*10**3#\n",
+    "rL=(RD*RL)/(RD+RL)#\n",
+    "AV=-(gm*rL)/(1+gm*rs)#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%AV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.15 Pg 612"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=-1.35\n",
+      "Av=-4.16\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "RD=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "RS=750#\n",
+    "RG=1*10**6#\n",
+    "IDSS=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "VP=-3.5#\n",
+    "IDQ=2.3*10**-3#\n",
+    "VGSQ=-1.8#\n",
+    "gmo=-2*IDSS/VP#\n",
+    "gm=gmo*(1-(VGSQ/VP))#\n",
+    "rL=RD#\n",
+    "AV=-(gm*rL)/(1+gm*RS)#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%AV\n",
+    "AV=-gm*rL#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%AV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.16 Pg 614"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "AV=0.99\n",
+      "Ro=125.00 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gm=8000*10**-6#\n",
+    "RS=10*10**3#\n",
+    "RG=100*10**6#\n",
+    "(1/gm)#\n",
+    "AV=RS/(RS+(1/gm))#\n",
+    "print \"AV=%0.2f\"%AV\n",
+    "Ri=RG#\n",
+    "Ro=1/gm#\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f ohm'%Ro"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.17 Pg 616"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "AV=0.96 \n",
+      "Ri=0.50 Mohm\n",
+      "Ro=175.44 ohm\n",
+      "Vo=1.77 mV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "vin=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "gm=5500*10**-6#\n",
+    "R1=1*10**6#\n",
+    "R2=1*10**6#\n",
+    "RS=5000#\n",
+    "RL=2000#\n",
+    "(1/gm)#\n",
+    "AV=RS/(RS+(1/gm))#\n",
+    "print \"AV=%0.2f \"%AV\n",
+    "Ri=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f Mohm'%(Ri*10**-6)\n",
+    "Ro=(RS/gm)/(RS+1/gm)#\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f ohm'%Ro\n",
+    "Vo=(RL/(RL+Ro))*(AV*vin)#\n",
+    "print 'Vo=%0.2f mV'%(Vo*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.18 Pg 618"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "AV=25.00 \n",
+      "Ri1=333.33 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gm=2500*10**-6#\n",
+    "Ri=2000#\n",
+    "RD=10000#\n",
+    "AV=gm*RD#\n",
+    "print \"AV=%0.2f \"%AV\n",
+    "Ri1=(Ri/gm)/(Ri+1/gm)#\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f ohm'%Ri1"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.19 Pg 618"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ro=333.33 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gm=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "rd=50*10**3#\n",
+    "Rs=1*10**3#\n",
+    "Ro=(Rs/gm)/(Rs+1/gm)#\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f ohm'%Ro"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 22.20 Pg 619"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 24,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ri1=100.00 ohm\n",
+      "Vs=1.00 V\n",
+      "Av=3.75 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g 22.20\n",
+    "gmo=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "RD=1*10**3#\n",
+    "Rs=200#\n",
+    "ID=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ri1=(Rs/gmo)/(Rs+1/gmo)#\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f ohm'%Ri1\n",
+    "Vs=ID*Rs#\n",
+    "print 'Vs=%0.2f V'%Vs\n",
+    "VGS=Vs#\n",
+    "IDSS=2*ID#\n",
+    "VGSo=(-2*IDSS)/ID#\n",
+    "gm=gmo*(1-VGS/-VGSo)#\n",
+    "Av=gm*RD#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f \"%Av"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap23_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap23_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..34612b3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap23_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,628 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter -23 : AMPLIFIERS WITH COMPOUND CONFIGURATION"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.1 Pg 644"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=26.12\n",
+      "vo=522.35 mV\n",
+      "Zi=RG=10.00 Mohm\n",
+      "Z0=RD=2.20 kohm\n",
+      "VL=428.15 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ID=4*10**-3#\n",
+    "IDSS=2*ID#\n",
+    "RS=390#\n",
+    "VGSQ=-ID*RS#\n",
+    "VP=-4.5#\n",
+    "RD=2.2*10**3#\n",
+    "gm0=(2*IDSS)/(-VP)#\n",
+    "gm=gm0*(1-(VGSQ/VP))#\n",
+    "Av1=-gm*RD#\n",
+    "Av2=-gm*RD#\n",
+    "Av=Av1*Av2#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "vi=20*10**-3#\n",
+    "vo=Av*vi#\n",
+    "print 'vo=%0.2f mV'%(vo*10**3)\n",
+    "Zi=10*10**6#\n",
+    "RG=10*10**6#\n",
+    "print \"Zi=RG=%0.2f Mohm\"%(Zi*10**-6)\n",
+    "Z0=2.2*10**3#\n",
+    "RD=2.2*10**3#\n",
+    "print \"Z0=RD=%0.2f\"%(Z0*10**-3),'kohm'\n",
+    "RL=10*10**3#\n",
+    "VL=(RL/(Z0+RL))*vo#\n",
+    "print 'VL=%0.2f V'%(VL*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.3 Pg 645"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VB1=10.33 V\n",
+      "VB2=3.99 V\n",
+      "AV=189.73\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=18#\n",
+    "R1=7.5*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=6.2*10**3#\n",
+    "R3=3.9*10**3#\n",
+    "RC=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "B1=200#\n",
+    "B2=200#\n",
+    "RE=1*10**3#\n",
+    "CE=100*10**-6#\n",
+    "VB1=VCC*(R2+R3)/(R1+R2+R3)#\n",
+    "print 'VB1=%0.2f V'%VB1\n",
+    "VB2=VCC*(R3)/(R1+R2+R3)#\n",
+    "print 'VB2=%0.2f V'%VB2\n",
+    "IE2=(VB2-0.7)/RE#\n",
+    "IC2=IE2#\n",
+    "IE1=IC2#\n",
+    "IE=IE1#\n",
+    "re1=26*10**-3/IE#\n",
+    "AV1=-re1/re1#\n",
+    "AV2=-RC/re1#\n",
+    "AV=AV1*AV2#\n",
+    "print \"AV=%0.2f\"%AV ##ans given in book has -ve sign which is wrong"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.4 Pg 646"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "BD=25600.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "B1=160#\n",
+    "B2=160#\n",
+    "BD=B1*B2#\n",
+    "print \"BD=%0.2f\"%(BD)#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.5 Pg 647"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "B=77.46\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "BD=6000#\n",
+    "B1=BD#\n",
+    "B2=B1#\n",
+    "B=sqrt(BD)#\n",
+    "print \"B=%0.2f\"%(B)#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.6 Pg 647"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IB=2.45 microA\n",
+      "IE=14.73 mA\n",
+      "VE2=7.51 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vcc=15#\n",
+    "RB=2.4*10**6#\n",
+    "BD=6000#\n",
+    "RE=510#\n",
+    "Vi=120*10**-3#\n",
+    "VBE=1.6#\n",
+    "IB=(Vcc-VBE)/(RB+BD*RE)#\n",
+    "print 'IB=%0.2f microA'%(IB*10**6)\n",
+    "IE=BD*IB#\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(IE*10**3)\n",
+    "IE2=IE\n",
+    "VE2=IE2*RE#\n",
+    "print 'VE2=%0.2f V'%VE2"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.7 Pg 648"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ri=10.00 Mohm\n",
+      "Ro=0.10 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hfe=100#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "BD=100**2#\n",
+    "RE=1*10**3#\n",
+    "hie=1*10**3#\n",
+    "ri=10**3#\n",
+    "Ri=ri+BD*RE#\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f Mohm'%(Ri*10**-6)\n",
+    "Ro=ri/BD#\n",
+    "print 'Ro=%0.2f ohm'%Ro"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.8 Pg 649"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vidc=4.83 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=16#\n",
+    "B1=160#\n",
+    "B2=200#\n",
+    "RB=1.5*10**6#\n",
+    "Vi=120*10**-3#\n",
+    "VEB1=0.7#\n",
+    "RC=100#\n",
+    "IB1=(VCC-VEB1)/(RB+B1*B2*RC)#\n",
+    "IB2=B1*IB1#\n",
+    "IC2=B2*IB2#\n",
+    "IE1=IB2#\n",
+    "IC=IE1+IC2#\n",
+    "Vodc=VCC-IC*RC#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "Vidc=Vodc-VBE#\n",
+    "print 'Vidc=%0.2f V'%Vidc"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.9 Pg 650"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "ID=6.00 mA\n",
+      "Vo=6.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VDD=18#\n",
+    "RD=2*10**3#\n",
+    "IDSS=6*10**-3#\n",
+    "VP=-3#\n",
+    "ID=IDSS#\n",
+    "print 'ID=%0.2f mA'%(ID*10**3)\n",
+    "Vo=VDD-ID*RD#\n",
+    "print 'Vo=%0.2f V'%Vo"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.10 Pg 650"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IE=4.61 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VEE=-18#\n",
+    "R1=4.3*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=4.3*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=1.8*10**3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "VB=-(-VEE*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "VE=VB-0.7\n",
+    "IE=(VE-(VEE))/RE#\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(IE*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.11 Pg 651"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I=3.67 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VZ=5.1#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "RE=1.2*10**3#\n",
+    "B=200#\n",
+    "I=(VZ-VBE)/RE#\n",
+    "print 'I=%0.2f mA'%(I*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.12 Pg 652"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I=8.65 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=18#\n",
+    "Rx=2*10**3#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "Ix=(VCC-VBE)/Rx#\n",
+    "I=Ix#\n",
+    "print 'I=%0.2f mA'%(I*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.13 Pg 653"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I=2.30 mA\n",
+      "I=4.60 mA\n",
+      "I=1.15 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VC=5#\n",
+    "Re=2*10**3#\n",
+    "VCC=6#\n",
+    "R=2.2*10**3#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "I=(VCC-2*VBE)/Re#\n",
+    "print 'I=%0.2f mA'%(I*10**3)\n",
+    "Re=1*10**3#\n",
+    "I=(VCC-2*VBE)/Re#\n",
+    "print 'I=%0.2f mA'%(I*10**3)\n",
+    "Re=4*10**3#\n",
+    "I=(VCC-2*VBE)/Re#\n",
+    "print 'I=%0.2f mA'%(I*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.14 Pg 654"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IE=3.67 mA\n",
+      "IC=1.83 mA\n",
+      "VC=6.38 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=15#\n",
+    "VEE=15#\n",
+    "RE=3.9*10**3#\n",
+    "RC=4.7*10**3#\n",
+    "IE=(VEE-0.7)/RE#\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(IE*10**3)\n",
+    "IC=IE/2#\n",
+    "print 'IC=%0.2f mA'%(IC*10**3)\n",
+    "VC=VCC-IC*RC#\n",
+    "print 'VC=%0.2f V'%VC"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.15 Pg 655"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IE=0.34 mA\n",
+      "IC=0.17 mA\n",
+      "VC=5.84 V\n",
+      "Av=246.55\n",
+      "vo1=0.49 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=12#\n",
+    "VEE=12#\n",
+    "RE=33*10**3#\n",
+    "RC1=36*10**3#\n",
+    "RC2=36*10**3#\n",
+    "B1=150#\n",
+    "B2=150#\n",
+    "vi1=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "IE=(VEE-0.7)/RE#\n",
+    "print 'IE=%0.2f mA'%(IE*10**3)\n",
+    "IC=IE/2#\n",
+    "print 'IC=%0.2f mA'%(IC*10**3)\n",
+    "RC=36*10**3#\n",
+    "VC=VCC-IC*RC#\n",
+    "print 'VC=%0.2f V'%VC\n",
+    "re1=25*10**-3/IE#\n",
+    "Av=RC/(2*re1)#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%Av\n",
+    "vo1=Av*vi1#\n",
+    "print 'vo1=%0.2f V'%vo1"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 23.16 Pg 656"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ac=0.50\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "B=200#\n",
+    "ri=20*10**3#\n",
+    "RC=47*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=43*10**3#\n",
+    "Ac=(B*RE)/(ri+2*(B+1)*RE)#\n",
+    "print \"Ac=%0.2f\"%Ac"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap24_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap24_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a313e56d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap24_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter -24 : FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF BJT AND JFET AMPLIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 24.1 Pg 685"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "G=13.01 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "Pi=5#\n",
+    "Po=100#\n",
+    "G=10*log10(Po/Pi)#\n",
+    "print 'G=%0.2f dB'%G"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 24.2 Pg 685"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "G=23.01 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "Pi=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "Po=1#\n",
+    "G=10*log10(Po/Pi)#\n",
+    "print 'G=%0.2f dB'%G #ans given in the book is wrong"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 24.3 Pg 686"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "G=6.99 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "Pi=20*10**-6#\n",
+    "Po=100*10**-6#\n",
+    "G=10*log10(Po/Pi)#\n",
+    "print 'G=%0.2f dB'%G"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 24.4 Pg 687"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "G=43.98 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "Po=25#\n",
+    "G=10*log10(Po/(1*10**-3))#\n",
+    "print 'G=%0.2f dB'%G"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 24.5 Pg 688"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "G=6.02 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "V2=100#\n",
+    "V1=25#\n",
+    "G=10*log10(V2/V1)#\n",
+    "print 'G=%0.2f dB'%G"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    " ## Ex 24.8 Pg 689"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f1=318.31 HZ\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f96c83d7e50>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,pi\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "R=5*10**3#\n",
+    "C=0.1*10**-6#\n",
+    "f1=1/(2*pi*R*C)#\n",
+    "print 'f1=%0.2f HZ'%f1\n",
+    "i=arange(-21,0,3)\n",
+    "plot(i)#\n",
+    "xlabel(\"f (log scale)\")#\n",
+    "ylabel( \"Av(dB)\")#\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 24.9 Pg 690"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fLS=6.87 HZ\n",
+      "fLC=25.67 HZ\n",
+      "fLE=326.85 HZ\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7f96c1c65bd0>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,pi\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,xlabel,ylabel,show\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "RC=4*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=40*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=2*10**3#\n",
+    "RS=1*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=2.2*10**3#\n",
+    "CS=10*10**-6#\n",
+    "CE=20*10**-6#\n",
+    "CC=1*10**-6#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "VCC=20#\n",
+    "VB=(R2*VCC)/(R2+R1)#\n",
+    "IE=(VB-0.7)/RE#\n",
+    "re=(26*10**-3)/IE#\n",
+    "B*re#\n",
+    "vo=-(RC*RL)/(RC+RL)#\n",
+    "Av=vo/re#\n",
+    "a=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "Ri=(a*(B*re))/(a+(B*re))#\n",
+    "Rs=1*10**3#\n",
+    "vibyvs=Ri/(Ri+Rs)#\n",
+    "Avs=Av*vibyvs#\n",
+    "a=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "Ri=(a*(B*re))/(a+(B*re))#\n",
+    "fLS=1/(2*pi*(Rs+Ri)*CS)#\n",
+    "print 'fLS=%0.2f HZ'%fLS\n",
+    "fLC=1/(2*pi*(RC+RL)*CC)#\n",
+    "print 'fLC=%0.2f HZ'%fLC\n",
+    "a=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "RS=(a*RS)/(a+RS)#\n",
+    "b=(RS/B+re)#\n",
+    "Re=(RE*b)/(RE+b)#\n",
+    "fLE=1/(2*pi*Re*CE)#\n",
+    "print 'fLE=%0.2f HZ'%fLE\n",
+    "i=arange(-21,0,3)\n",
+    "plot(i)#\n",
+    "xlabel(\"f (log scale)\")#\n",
+    "ylabel( \"Av(dB)\")#\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap25_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap25_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cf6ed37c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap25_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,568 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 25 : LARGE SIGNAL OR POWER AMPLIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.1 Pg 734"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "ICsat=8.77 mA\n",
+      "VCEsat=0.00 V\n",
+      "ICcutoff= 0\n",
+      "VCEcutoff=5.26 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=5*10**3#\n",
+    "RC=1*10**3#\n",
+    "RE=500#\n",
+    "RL=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "VR2=VCC*(R2/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "IEQ=(VR2-VBE)/RE#\n",
+    "ICQ=IEQ#\n",
+    "VCEQ=VCC-ICQ*(RC+RE)#\n",
+    "rL=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL)#\n",
+    "ICsat=ICQ+(VCEQ/rL)#\n",
+    "print 'ICsat=%0.2f mA'%(ICsat*10**3)\n",
+    "VCEsat=0#\n",
+    "print \"VCEsat=%0.2f V\"%VCEsat\n",
+    "ICcutoff=0#\n",
+    "print \"ICcutoff=\", ICcutoff\n",
+    "VCEcutoff=VCEQ+ICQ*rL#\n",
+    "print 'VCEcutoff=%0.2f V'%VCEcutoff"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.2 Pg 734"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "PP=9.61 V\n",
+      "PP=20.72 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VCC=20#\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=1.8*10**3#\n",
+    "RC=620#\n",
+    "RE=200#\n",
+    "RL=1.2*10**3#\n",
+    "hfe=180#\n",
+    "VB=VCC*(R2/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "VBE=0.7#\n",
+    "VE=VB-VBE#\n",
+    "IE=VE/RE#\n",
+    "IC=IE#\n",
+    "VCE=VCC-IE*(RC+RE)#\n",
+    "ICQ=IC#\n",
+    "VCEQ=VCE#\n",
+    "rL=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL)#\n",
+    "PP=2*ICQ*rL#\n",
+    "print 'PP=%0.2f V'%PP\n",
+    "PP=2*VCEQ#\n",
+    "print 'PP=%0.2f V'%PP"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.3 Pg 735"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ap=1375.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "re=8#\n",
+    "RC=220#\n",
+    "RE=47#\n",
+    "R1=4.7*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=470#\n",
+    "B=50#\n",
+    "rL=RC#\n",
+    "AV=rL/re#\n",
+    "Ai=B#\n",
+    "Ap=AV*Ai#\n",
+    "print \"Ap=%0.2f\" %Ap"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.4 Pg 736"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "ne=25.00 %\n",
+      "power rating of transistor=20W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ptrdc=20#\n",
+    "Poac=5#\n",
+    "ne=(Poac/Ptrdc)#\n",
+    "print 'ne=%0.2f %%'%(ne*100)\n",
+    "print \"power rating of transistor=20W\"#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.5 Pg 737"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "poac=4.71 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "pcdc=10#\n",
+    "nc=0.32#\n",
+    "poac=pcdc*nc/(1-nc)#\n",
+    "print 'poac=%0.2f W'%poac"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.6 Pg 738"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ptrdc=7.00 W\n",
+      "Pcdc=3.50 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nc=0.5#\n",
+    "VCC=24#\n",
+    "Poac=3.5#\n",
+    "Ptrdc=Poac/nc#\n",
+    "print 'Ptrdc=%0.2f W'%Ptrdc\n",
+    "Pcdc=Ptrdc-Poac#\n",
+    "print 'Pcdc=%0.2f W'%Pcdc"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.7 Pg 739"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pindc=12.00 W\n",
+      "PRLdc=5.76 W\n",
+      "Poac=0.72 W\n",
+      "Ptrdc=6.24 W\n",
+      "Pcdc=5.52 W\n",
+      "no=6.00 %\n",
+      "no=11.54 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "VCC=20#\n",
+    "VCEQ=10#\n",
+    "ICQ=600*10**-3#\n",
+    "RL=16#\n",
+    "IP=300*10**-3#\n",
+    "Pindc=VCC*ICQ#\n",
+    "print 'Pindc=%0.2f W'%Pindc\n",
+    "PRLdc=ICQ**2*RL#\n",
+    "print 'PRLdc=%0.2f W'%PRLdc\n",
+    "I=IP/sqrt(2)#\n",
+    "Poac=I**2*RL#\n",
+    "print 'Poac=%0.2f W'%Poac\n",
+    "Ptrdc=Pindc-PRLdc#\n",
+    "print 'Ptrdc=%0.2f W'%Ptrdc\n",
+    "Pcdc=Ptrdc-Poac#\n",
+    "print 'Pcdc=%0.2f W'%Pcdc\n",
+    "no=Poac/Pindc#\n",
+    "print 'no=%0.2f %%'%(no*100)\n",
+    "no=Poac/Ptrdc#\n",
+    "print 'no=%0.2f %%'%(no*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.8 Pg 740"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "RL1=1.80 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "a=15#\n",
+    "RL=8#\n",
+    "RL1=a**2*RL#\n",
+    "print 'RL1=%0.2f kohm'%(RL1*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.9 Pg 741"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a=25.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "RL=16#\n",
+    "RL1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "a=sqrt(RL1/RL)#\n",
+    "print \"a=%0.2f\"%a"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.10 Pg 742"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Poac=100.00 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "RL=8#\n",
+    "a=10#\n",
+    "ICQ=500*10**-3#\n",
+    "RL=a**2*RL#\n",
+    "Poac=(1/2)*ICQ**2*RL#\n",
+    "print 'Poac=%0.2f W'%Poac"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.11 Pg 742"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Poac=50.00 mW\n",
+      "ICQ=0.01 A\n",
+      "a=7.9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "Ptrdc=100*10**-3#\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "RL=16#\n",
+    "no=0.5#\n",
+    "Poac=no*Ptrdc#\n",
+    "print 'Poac=%0.2f mW'%(Poac*10**3)\n",
+    "ICQ=2*Poac/VCC#\n",
+    "print 'ICQ=%0.2f A'%ICQ\n",
+    "RL1=VCC/ICQ#\n",
+    "a=sqrt(RL1/RL)#\n",
+    "print \"a=%0.1f\"%a"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.12 Pg 743"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Poac=5.00 mW\n",
+      "a=7.07\n",
+      "P=250.00 mW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "VCC=10#\n",
+    "IP=50*10**-3#\n",
+    "RL=4#\n",
+    "I=IP/sqrt(2)#\n",
+    "Poac=I**2*RL#\n",
+    "print 'Poac=%0.2f mW'%(Poac*10**3)\n",
+    "ICQ=IP#\n",
+    "RL1=VCC/ICQ#\n",
+    "a=sqrt(RL1/RL)#\n",
+    "print \"a=%0.2f\"%a\n",
+    "V1=VCC#\n",
+    "V2=V1/a#\n",
+    "I2p=V2/RL#\n",
+    "I2=I2p/sqrt(2)#\n",
+    "P=(I2**2)*RL#\n",
+    "print 'P=%0.2f mW'%(P*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.13 Pg 744"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "P=16.00 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "RL=8#\n",
+    "VP=16#\n",
+    "P=(VP**2)/(2*RL)#\n",
+    "print 'P=%0.2f W'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 25.14 Pg 745"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pindc=12.50 W\n",
+      "Poac=7.50 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "no=0.6#\n",
+    "Pcdc=2.5#\n",
+    "#Poac=Pindc*no#\n",
+    "#Pindc=2*Pcdc+Poac#\n",
+    "Pindc=(2*Pcdc)/(1-no)#\n",
+    "print 'Pindc=%0.2f W'%Pindc\n",
+    "Poac=0.6*Pindc#\n",
+    "print 'Poac=%0.2f W'%Poac"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap26_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap26_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..35554731
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap26_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 26 : TUNED AMPLIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 26.1 Pg 802"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fo=1.30 MHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "L=150*10**-6#\n",
+    "C=100*10**-12#\n",
+    "fo=0.159/sqrt (L*C)#\n",
+    "print 'fo=%0.2f MHZ'%(fo*10**-6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 26.2 Pg 803"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fo=1.59 MHZ\n",
+      "Zp=200.00 Kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "L=100*10**-6#\n",
+    "C=100*10**-12#\n",
+    "R=5#\n",
+    "fo=0.159/sqrt (L*C)#\n",
+    "print 'fo=%0.2f MHZ'%(fo*10**-6)\n",
+    "Zp=L/(C*R)#\n",
+    "print 'Zp=%0.2f Kohm'%(Zp*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 26.3 Pg 804"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "BW=10.00 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "fo=1*10**6#\n",
+    "Qo=100#\n",
+    "BW=fo/Qo#\n",
+    "print 'BW=%0.2f kHZ'%(BW*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 26.4 Pg 805"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Qo=160.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "fo=1600*10**3#\n",
+    "BW=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Qo=fo/BW#\n",
+    "print \"Qo=%0.2f\"%(Qo)#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 26.5 Pg 806"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Qo=40.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "fo=2*10**6#\n",
+    "BW=50*10**3#\n",
+    "Qo=fo/BW#\n",
+    "print \"Qo=%0.2f\"%(Qo)#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 26.6 Pg 807"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Zp=57.10 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "fo=455*10**3#\n",
+    "BW=10*10**3#\n",
+    "XL=1255#\n",
+    "Qo=fo/BW#\n",
+    "R=XL/Qo#\n",
+    "L=XL/(2*pi*fo)#\n",
+    "C=1/(XL*2*pi*fo)#\n",
+    "Zp=L/(C*R)#\n",
+    "print 'Zp=%0.2f kohm'%(Zp*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap27_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap27_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..865701c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap27_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,636 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 27 : FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.1 Pg 819"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av1=9.76 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=400#\n",
+    "beta=0.1#\n",
+    "AV1=AV/(1+beta*AV)#\n",
+    "print \"Av1=%0.2f \"%(AV1)#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.2 Pg 820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "beta=0.10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=1000#\n",
+    "AV1=10#\n",
+    "beta=((AV/AV1)-1)/AV#\n",
+    "print \"beta=%0.2f\"%beta"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.3 Pg 820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "beta=0.04\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=100#\n",
+    "AV1=20#\n",
+    "beta=((AV/AV1)-1)/AV#\n",
+    "print \"beta=%0.2f\"%beta"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.4 Pg 820"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=50.00\n",
+      "beta=0.10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vo=12.5#\n",
+    "Vin1=1.5#\n",
+    "Vin=0.25#\n",
+    "AV=Vo/Vin#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%(AV)#\n",
+    "AV1=Vo/Vin1#\n",
+    "beta=((AV/AV1)-1)/AV#\n",
+    "print \"beta=%0.2f\"%beta"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.5 Pg 821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "beta=4.17e-03\n",
+      "beta=0.02\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=60#\n",
+    "AV1=80#\n",
+    "#80=AV/(1-BETA*AV)\n",
+    "beta=((AV1/AV)-1)/AV1#\n",
+    "print \"beta=%0.2e\"%beta\n",
+    "beta=1/AV#\n",
+    "print \"beta=%0.2f\"%beta"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.6 Pg 821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av=1200.00\n",
+      "beta=9.17e-03\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV1=100#\n",
+    "Vin=50*10**-3#\n",
+    "Vin1=0.6#\n",
+    "Vo=AV1*Vin1#\n",
+    "Av=Vo/Vin#\n",
+    "print \"Av=%0.2f\"%(Av)\n",
+    "beta=((Av/AV1)-1)/Av#\n",
+    "print 'beta=%0.2e'%(beta)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.7 Pg 821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a=0.49 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Av=800#\n",
+    "B=0.05#\n",
+    "dAvbyAv=20#\n",
+    "a=dAvbyAv*(1/(1+B*Av))#\n",
+    "print 'a=%0.2f %%'%a"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.8 Pg 821"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "beta=0.010\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV1=100#\n",
+    "A=0.01#\n",
+    "B=0.2#\n",
+    "C=B/A#\n",
+    "AV=AV1*C#\n",
+    "beta=C/AV#\n",
+    "print \"beta=%0.3f\"%beta"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.9 Pg 822"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "BW1=1200.00 kHZ\n",
+      "AV1=16.67 \n",
+      "beta1=0.04\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=100#\n",
+    "BW=200*10**3#\n",
+    "beta=0.05#\n",
+    "BW1=(1+beta*AV)*BW#\n",
+    "print 'BW1=%0.2f kHZ'%(BW1*10**-3)\n",
+    "AV1=AV/(1+beta*AV)#\n",
+    "print \"AV1=%0.2f \"%(AV1)#\n",
+    "#1*10**6=(1+beta1*AV)*BW#\n",
+    "beta1=(((1*10**6)/(200*10**3))-1)/100#\n",
+    "print \"beta1=%0.2f\"%beta1"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.10 Pg 822"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "beta=0.01\n",
+      "BW1=40.00 MHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=1500#\n",
+    "BW=4*10**6#\n",
+    "AV1=150#\n",
+    "beta=((1500/150)-1)/1500#\n",
+    "print \"beta=%0.2f\"%beta\n",
+    "BW1=(1+beta*AV)*BW#\n",
+    "print 'BW1=%0.2f MHZ'%(BW1*10**-6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.11 Pg 822"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ri=13.44 kohm\n",
+      "FC1=468.75 HZ \n",
+      "FC2=1604800.00 HZ \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Rin=4.2*10**3#\n",
+    "AV=220#\n",
+    "beta=0.01#\n",
+    "Ri=(1+beta*AV)*Rin#\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri*10**-3)\n",
+    "F1=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "FC1=F1/(1+beta*AV)#\n",
+    "print 'FC1=%0.2f HZ '%FC1\n",
+    "F2=501.5*10**3#\n",
+    "FC2=(1+beta*AV)*F2#\n",
+    "print 'FC2=%0.2f HZ '%FC2"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.12 Pg 822"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Av1=90.91\n",
+      "fl1=4.55 HZ\n",
+      "fu2=2.20 MHZ\n",
+      "D1=0.45 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=1000#\n",
+    "f1=50#\n",
+    "f2=200*10**3#\n",
+    "D=0.05#\n",
+    "beta=0.01#\n",
+    "AV1=AV/(1+beta*AV)#\n",
+    "print \"Av1=%0.2f\"%AV1\n",
+    "fl1=f1/(1+beta*AV)#\n",
+    "print 'fl1=%0.2f HZ'%(fl1)\n",
+    "fu2=(1+beta*AV)*f2#\n",
+    "print 'fu2=%0.2f MHZ'%(fu2*10**-6)\n",
+    "D1=D/(1+beta*AV)#\n",
+    "print 'D1=%0.2f %%'%(D1*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.13 Pg 823"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "beta=0.04 \n",
+      "AV1=20.00 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=100#\n",
+    "RDN=0.8#\n",
+    "#0.8=1-(1/(1+beta*AV))#\n",
+    "beta=((1/0.2)-1)/100#\n",
+    "print \"beta=%0.2f \"%beta\n",
+    "AV1=AV/(1+beta*AV)#\n",
+    "print \"AV1=%0.2f \"%AV1"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.14 Pg 823"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "AV1=14.29 \n",
+      "Ri1=31.50 kohm\n",
+      "Ri1=2.38 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "AV=300#\n",
+    "Ri=1.5*10**3#\n",
+    "R0=50*10**3#\n",
+    "b=1/15#\n",
+    "AV1=AV/(1+b*AV)#\n",
+    "print \"AV1=%0.2f \"%AV1\n",
+    "Ri1=(1+b*AV)*Ri##input resistance\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri1*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ri1=R0/(1+b*AV)##output resistance\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri1*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.15 Pg 823"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "AV=23.50\n",
+      "Ri=1341.85 ohm\n",
+      "AV1=3.92\n",
+      "Ri1=8051.12 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hfe=100#\n",
+    "hie=2*10**3#\n",
+    "Rc=470#\n",
+    "Re1=100#\n",
+    "Re2=100#\n",
+    "R1=15000#\n",
+    "R2=5600#\n",
+    "AV=(hfe*Rc)/hie#\n",
+    "print \"AV=%0.2f\"%(AV)\n",
+    "a=((R1*R2)/(R1+R2))#\n",
+    "Ri=(a*hie)/(a+hie)#\n",
+    "print 'Ri=%0.2f ohm'%Ri\n",
+    "b=Re1/Rc#\n",
+    "AV1=AV/(1+b*AV)#\n",
+    "print \"AV1=%0.2f\"%(AV1)\n",
+    "Ri1=Ri*(1+b*AV)#\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f ohm'%Ri1"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 27.16 Pg 823"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "R01=1.68 kohm\n",
+      "R02=2.95 kohm\n",
+      "Ri1=308.99 kohm\n",
+      "RO2=19.07 ohm\n",
+      "AV1=78.49\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "hfe=99#\n",
+    "hie=2*10**3#\n",
+    "hie1=2000#\n",
+    "hie2=2000#\n",
+    "Rc=22*10**3#\n",
+    "R4=100#\n",
+    "R1=220*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=22*10**3#\n",
+    "RC1=4.7*10**3#\n",
+    "R3=7.8*10**3#\n",
+    "Ri=hie#\n",
+    "a=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)#\n",
+    "b=(a*Rc)/(a+Rc)#\n",
+    "R01=(b*hie1)/(b+hie1)\n",
+    "print 'R01=%0.2f kohm'%(R01*10**-3)\n",
+    "Ri2=hie#\n",
+    "C=(R3+R4)#\n",
+    "R02=(RC1*C)/(RC1+C)\n",
+    "print 'R02=%0.2f kohm'%(R02*10**-3)\n",
+    "AV1=hfe*R01/hie#\n",
+    "AV2=hfe*R02/hie#\n",
+    "AV=AV1*AV2#\n",
+    "bta=R4/(R3+R4)#\n",
+    "Ri1=Ri*(1+bta*AV)#\n",
+    "print 'Ri1=%0.2f kohm'%(Ri1*10**-3)\n",
+    "RO2=R02/(1+bta*AV)#\n",
+    "print 'RO2=%0.2f ohm'%RO2\n",
+    "AV1=AV/(1+bta*AV)#\n",
+    "print \"AV1=%0.2f\"%AV1"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap28_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap28_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dea0e081
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap28_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,509 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 28 : SINUSOIDAL OSCILLATORS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.1 Pg 838"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "L=0.03 H\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "fo=22*10**3##\n",
+    "C=2*10**-9#\n",
+    "L=((0.159/fo)**2)/C#\n",
+    "print \"L=%0.2f H\"%L"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.2 Pg 838"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fo1=3.11 MHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "fo=2.2*10**6#\n",
+    "#fo1=(sqrt(2))/sqrt(C)#\n",
+    "fo1=sqrt(2)*fo#\n",
+    "print 'fo1=%0.2f MHZ'%(fo1*10**-6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.3 Pg 839"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fo=2.91 MHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "C=100*10**-12#\n",
+    "L1=30*10**-6#\n",
+    "L2=1*10**-8#\n",
+    "fo=1/(2*pi*sqrt((L1+L2)*C))#\n",
+    "print 'fo=%0.2f MHZ'%(fo*10**-6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.4 Pg 839"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fo=1.05 MHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "L1=1000*10**-6#\n",
+    "L2=100*10**-6#\n",
+    "M=20*10**-6#\n",
+    "C=20*10**-12#\n",
+    "fo=1/(2*pi*sqrt((L1+L2+2*M)*C))#\n",
+    "print 'fo=%0.2f MHZ'%(fo*10**-6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.5 Pg 840"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fo=73.05 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "C=1*10**-9#\n",
+    "L1=4.7*10**-3#\n",
+    "L2=47*10**-6#\n",
+    "fo=1/(2*pi*sqrt((L1+L2)*C))#\n",
+    "print 'fo=%0.2f kHZ'%(fo*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.6 Pg 840"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "C=13.89 pF\n",
+      "C=2.98 pF\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "L1=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "L2=20*10**-6#\n",
+    "fo=950*10**3#\n",
+    "C=1/(4*pi**2*(L1+L2)*fo**2)#\n",
+    "print 'C=%0.2f pF'%(C*10**12)\n",
+    "fo=2050*10**3#\n",
+    "C=1/(4*pi**2*(L1+L2)*fo**2)#\n",
+    "print 'C=%0.2f pF'%(C*10**12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.7 Pg 840"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "C=11.53 pF\n",
+      "AV=10.00 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "L1=0.1*10**-3#\n",
+    "L2=10*10**-6#\n",
+    "fo=4110*10**3#\n",
+    "M=20*10**-6#\n",
+    "C=1/(4*pi**2*(L1+L2+M)*fo**2)#\n",
+    "print 'C=%0.2f pF'%(C*10**12)\n",
+    "AV=(L1/L2)#\n",
+    "print \"AV=%0.2f \"%AV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.8 Pg 841"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "C=0.01 microF\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "#e.g 28.8\n",
+    "fo=100*10**3#\n",
+    "L=0.5*10**-3#\n",
+    "C=2/(4*pi**2*L*fo**2)#\n",
+    "print 'C=%0.2f microF'%(C*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.9 Pg 841"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "AV=10.00 \n",
+      "fo=2.36 MHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "C1=0.001*10**-6#\n",
+    "C2=0.01*10**-6#\n",
+    "L=5*10**-6#\n",
+    "AV=C2/C1#\n",
+    "print \"AV=%0.2f \"%(AV)\n",
+    "C=(C1*C2)/(C1+C2)\n",
+    "fo=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C))#\n",
+    "print 'fo=%0.2f MHZ'%(fo*10**-6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.10 Pg 841"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fo=24.35 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "C1=0.1*10**-6#\n",
+    "C2=1*10**-6#\n",
+    "L=470*10**-6#\n",
+    "C=(C1*C2)/(C1+C2)\n",
+    "fo=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C))#\n",
+    "print 'fo=%0.2f kHZ'%(fo*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.11 Pg 842"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "L1=284.41 microH\n",
+      "L2=61.08 microH\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "C1=100*10**-12#\n",
+    "C2=7500*10**-12#\n",
+    "f01=950*10**3#\n",
+    "f02=2050*10**3#\n",
+    "C=(C1*C2)/(C1+C2)#\n",
+    "#f01=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C))\n",
+    "L1=1/(4*(pi)**2*C*f01**2)#\n",
+    "print 'L1=%0.2f microH'%(L1*10**6)\n",
+    "L2=1/(4*(pi)**2*C*f02**2)#\n",
+    "print 'L2=%0.2f microH'%(L2*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.13 Pg 842"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fo=734.53 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "C1=0.1*10**-6#\n",
+    "C2=1*10**-6#\n",
+    "C3=100*10**-12#\n",
+    "L=470*10**-6#\n",
+    "C=1/((1/C1)+(1/C2)+(1/C3))#\n",
+    "fo=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C))#\n",
+    "print 'fo=%0.2f kHZ'%(fo*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.14 Pg 843"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fs=1.09 MHZ\n",
+      "Q=409.67\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "L=0.33#\n",
+    "C1=0.065*10**-12#\n",
+    "C2=1*10**-12#\n",
+    "R=5.5*10**3#\n",
+    "fs=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C1))#\n",
+    "print 'fs=%0.2f MHZ'%(fs*10**-6)\n",
+    "Q=(2*pi*fs*L)/R#\n",
+    "print \"Q=%0.2f\"%(Q)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 28.15 Pg 843"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fs=0.63 MHZ\n",
+      "fp=0.65 MHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "L=0.8#\n",
+    "C1=0.08*10**-12#\n",
+    "C2=1*10**-12#\n",
+    "R=5*10**3#\n",
+    "fs=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C1))#\n",
+    "print 'fs=%0.2f MHZ'%(fs*10**-6)\n",
+    "C=(C1*C2)/(C1+C2)#\n",
+    "fp=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*C))#\n",
+    "print 'fp=%0.2f MHZ'%(fp*10**-6)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap29_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap29_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8536a43b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap29_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 29 : NON SINUSOIDAL OSCILLATORS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.1 Pg 861"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f=362.32 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R=20*10**3#\n",
+    "C=100*10**-12#\n",
+    "f=1/(1.38*R*C)#\n",
+    "print 'f=%0.2f kHZ'%(f*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.2 Pg 861"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "T=0.70 ms\n",
+      "f=1.42 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R1=2*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=20*10**3#\n",
+    "C1=0.01*10**-6#\n",
+    "C2=0.05*10**-6#\n",
+    "T=0.69*(R1*C1+R2*C2)\n",
+    "print 'T=%0.2f ms'%(T*10**3)\n",
+    "f=1/T#\n",
+    "print 'f=%0.2f kHZ'%(f*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.3 Pg 861"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "C1=144.93 pF\n",
+      "C2=1304.35 pF\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T1=1*10**-6#\n",
+    "f=100*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3#\n",
+    "T=1/f#\n",
+    "C1=T1/(0.69*R1)#\n",
+    "print 'C1=%0.2f pF'%(C1*10**12)\n",
+    "T2=T-T1#\n",
+    "C2=T2/(0.69*R1)#\n",
+    "print 'C2=%0.2f pF'%(C2*10**12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.4 Pg 862"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "RC1=RC2=RC= RC=3000.00 ohm\n",
+      "C1=14975.85 pF\n",
+      "C2=12077.29 pF\n",
+      "tao1=449.28 microsec\n",
+      "tao2=362.32 microsec\n",
+      "tao11=22.46 microsec\n",
+      "tao12=18.12 microsec\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T2A=310*10**-6#\n",
+    "T2B=250*10**-6#\n",
+    "VCC=15#\n",
+    "IC=5*10**-3#\n",
+    "hFC=20#\n",
+    "RC=VCC/IC#\n",
+    "RC1=RC#\n",
+    "RC2=RC#\n",
+    "print \"RC1=RC2=RC=\",'RC=%0.2f ohm'%RC\n",
+    "hFE=hFC#\n",
+    "IBsat=IC/hFE#\n",
+    "IB=2*IBsat#\n",
+    "R=VCC/IB#\n",
+    "R1=R#\n",
+    "R2=R#\n",
+    "C1=T2A/(0.69*R1)#\n",
+    "print 'C1=%0.2f pF'%(C1*10**12)\n",
+    "C2=T2B/(0.69*R2)#\n",
+    "print 'C2=%0.2f pF'%(C2*10**12)\n",
+    "tao1=R1*C1#\n",
+    "print 'tao1=%0.2f microsec'%(tao1*10**6)\n",
+    "tao2=R2*C2#\n",
+    "print 'tao2=%0.2f microsec'%(tao2*10**6)\n",
+    "tao11=RC1*C1/2#\n",
+    "print 'tao11=%0.2f microsec'%(tao11*10**6)\n",
+    "tao12=RC2*C2/2#\n",
+    "print 'tao12=%0.2f microsec'%(tao12*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.5 Pg 862"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "T=50.00 microsec\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "f=20*10**3#\n",
+    "T=1/f#\n",
+    "print 'T=%0.2f microsec'%(T*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.6 Pg 862"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "T=10.00 us\n",
+      "tp=0.10 us\n",
+      "R3=7.25 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "f=100*10**(-3)#\n",
+    "T=(1/f)#\n",
+    "print 'T=%0.2f us'%(T)\n",
+    "tp=(1/T)#\n",
+    "print 'tp=%0.2f us'%tp\n",
+    "C1=0.001*10**(-6)#\n",
+    "R3=((5*10**(-6))/(0.69*C1))#\n",
+    "print 'R3=%0.2f kohm'%(R3*10**(-3))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.7 Pg 863"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "T=13.80 microsec\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "RC=2*10**3#\n",
+    "R3=20*10**3#\n",
+    "rbb=200#\n",
+    "C1=1000*10**-12#\n",
+    "T=0.69*C1*R3#\n",
+    "print 'T=%0.2f microsec'%(T*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.8 Pg 864"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "tp=24.20 microS\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R1=2.2*10**3#\n",
+    "C1=0.01*10**-6#\n",
+    "tp=1.1*R1*C1#\n",
+    "print 'tp=%0.2f microS'%(tp*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.9 Pg 864"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "R1=9.09 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tp=10*10**-6#\n",
+    "c=1000*10**-12#\n",
+    "R1=tp/(1.1*c)#\n",
+    "print 'R1=%0.2f kohm'%(R1*10**-3)\n",
+    "#t=(0:0.1:5*pi)'#\n",
+    "#plot2d1('onn',t,[squarewave(t,60)])#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.10 Pg 865"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "t2=3.29 microS\n",
+      "t1=8.05 microS\n",
+      "dc=70.99 %\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R1=6.8*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=4.7*10**3#\n",
+    "C1=1000*10**-12#\n",
+    "t2=0.7*R2*C1#\n",
+    "print 't2=%0.2f microS'%(t2*10**6)\n",
+    "t1=0.7*(R1+R2)*C1#\n",
+    "print 't1=%0.2f microS'%(t1*10**6)\n",
+    "dc=(t1/(t1+t2))*100#\n",
+    "print 'dc=%0.2f %%'%dc"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.11 Pg 865"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f=1.03 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R1=27*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=56*10**3#\n",
+    "C1=0.01*10**-6#\n",
+    "t2=0.7*R2*C1#\n",
+    "t1=0.7*(R1+R2)*C1#\n",
+    "T=t1+t2#\n",
+    "f=1/T#\n",
+    "print 'f=%0.2f kHZ'%(f*10**-3)\n",
+    "#t=(0:0.1:6*pi)'#\n",
+    "#plot2d1('onn',t,[squarewave(t,60)])#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 29.12 Pg 866"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "R2=5.19 kohm\n",
+      "R1=2.60 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "f=50*10**3#\n",
+    "dutyc=0.60#\n",
+    "C=0.0022*10**-6#\n",
+    "T=1/f#\n",
+    "t1=dutyc*T#\n",
+    "t2=T-t1#\n",
+    "R2=(t2)/(0.7*C)#\n",
+    "print 'R2=%0.2f kohm'%(R2*10**-3)\n",
+    "R1=(t1)/(0.7*C)-R2#\n",
+    "print 'R1=%0.2f kohm'%(R1*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap30_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap30_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9bf4e426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap30_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 30 : LINEAR WAVE SHAPING CIRCUIT"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 30.2 Pg 886"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "tao=10.00 msec\n",
+      "vf=3.30 V\n",
+      "Output=0.30 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "C=1*10**-6#\n",
+    "Vi=6#\n",
+    "R=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Vo=-3#\n",
+    "t=8*10**-3#\n",
+    "tao=R*C#\n",
+    "print 'tao=%0.2f msec'%(tao*10**3)\n",
+    "vf=6*(1-exp(-8/10))#\n",
+    "print 'vf=%0.2f V'%vf\n",
+    "output=vf-3.0#\n",
+    "print 'Output=%0.2f V'%output"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 30.3 Pg 886"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "vc=0.30 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "t=0.1#\n",
+    "tao=0.2#\n",
+    "vc=0.5*exp(-t/tao)#\n",
+    "print 'vc=%0.2f V'%vc"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 30.4 Pg 887"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "vp=10.00 kV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "tao=250*10**-12#\n",
+    "v=50#\n",
+    "a=v/tao#\n",
+    "t=0.05*10**-6#\n",
+    "vp=a*t#\n",
+    "print 'vp=%0.2f kV'%(vp*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap31_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap31_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..725b5278
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap31_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 31 : TIME BASE CIRCUIT"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 31.1 Pg 901"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f=29.66 HZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "R=100*10**3#\n",
+    "C=0.4*10**-6#\n",
+    "n=0.57#\n",
+    "f=1/(2.3*R*C*log10(1/(1-n)))#\n",
+    "print 'f=%0.2f HZ'%f"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 31.2 Pg 901"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "T=0.24 msec\n",
+      "f=4138.65 HZ\n",
+      "R=413.87 kohm\n",
+      "R=41.39 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "n=0.62#\n",
+    "R=5*10**3#\n",
+    "C=0.05*10**-6#\n",
+    "T=2.3*R*C*log10(1/(1-n))\n",
+    "print 'T=%0.2f msec'%(T*10**3)\n",
+    "f=1/T#\n",
+    "print 'f=%0.2f HZ'%f\n",
+    "f1=50#\n",
+    "T1=1/f1#\n",
+    "R=T1/(2.3*C*log10(1/(1-n)))#\n",
+    "print 'R=%0.2f kohm'%(R*10**-3)\n",
+    "C=0.5*10**-6#\n",
+    "R=T1/(2.3*C*log10(1/(1-n)))#\n",
+    "print 'R=%0.2f kohm'%(R*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap32_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap32_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..62602e6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap32_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,426 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 32 : OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.1 Pg 919"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "CMRR=89.99 dB\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import log10\n",
+    "Adm=200000#\n",
+    "Acm=6.33#\n",
+    "CMRR=20*log10(Adm/Acm)#\n",
+    "print 'CMRR=%0.2f dB'%CMRR"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.2 Pg 919"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Acm=0.95 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Adm=30000#\n",
+    "#CMRR=20*log10(Adm/Acm)#\n",
+    "a=90/20#\n",
+    "Acm=(Adm/10**a)#\n",
+    "print \"Acm=%0.2f \"%(Acm)#"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.3 Pg 919"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fmax=795.77 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "#e.g 32.3\n",
+    "SR=0.5*10**6#\n",
+    "Vpk=0.1#\n",
+    "fmax=SR/(2*pi*Vpk)#\n",
+    "print 'fmax=%0.2f kHZ'%(fmax*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.4 Pg 920"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "fmax=7957.75 HZ\n",
+      "fmax=206.90 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "Vpk=10#\n",
+    "slewrate=0.5*10**6#\n",
+    "fmax=slewrate/(2*pi*Vpk)#\n",
+    "print 'fmax=%0.2f HZ'%fmax #value of microamp 741\n",
+    "slewrate=13*10**6#\n",
+    "fmax=slewrate/(2*pi*Vpk)#\n",
+    "print 'fmax=%0.2f kHZ'%(fmax*10**-3) #TLO 81\n",
+    "#value of microamp 741 is much lower than that of the input signal.And value of TLO81 is much higher than input signal,therefore TLO81 can be used"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.5 Pg 920"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vin=40.00 mV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ACL=200#\n",
+    "Vout=8#\n",
+    "Vin=Vout/ACL#\n",
+    "print 'Vin=%0.2f mV'%(Vin*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.8 Pg 920"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "V0=2.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R1=1*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=2*10**3#\n",
+    "Vi=1#\n",
+    "Acl=R2/R1#\n",
+    "V0=Acl*Vi#\n",
+    "print 'V0=%0.2f V'%V0"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.9 Pg 921"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Acl=10.00\n",
+      "Zin=10.00 kohm\n",
+      "Zout=80.00 ohm\n",
+      "CMRR=10000.00 \n",
+      "fmax=15.92 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "Acm=0.001#\n",
+    "Aol=180000#\n",
+    "Zin=1*10**6#\n",
+    "Zout=80#\n",
+    "SR=0.5#\n",
+    "R2=100*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Acl=R2/R1#\n",
+    "print \"Acl=%0.2f\"%Acl\n",
+    "Zin=R1#\n",
+    "print 'Zin=%0.2f kohm'%(Zin*10**-3)\n",
+    "print 'Zout=%0.2f ohm'%Zout\n",
+    "CMRR=Acl/Acm#\n",
+    "print \"CMRR=%0.2f \"%CMRR\n",
+    "Vpk=5#\n",
+    "fmax=SR/(2*pi*Vpk)#\n",
+    "print 'fmax=%0.2f kHZ'%(fmax*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.10 Pg 921"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Acl=11.00\n",
+      "CMRR=11000.00\n",
+      "fmax=14.47 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "R2=100*10**3#\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Acl=1+(R2/R1)#\n",
+    "Acm=0.001#\n",
+    "print \"Acl=%0.2f\"%Acl\n",
+    "CMRR=Acl/Acm#\n",
+    "print \"CMRR=%0.2f\"%CMRR\n",
+    "SR=0.5#\n",
+    "Vpk=5.5#\n",
+    "fmax=SR/(2*pi*Vpk)#\n",
+    "print 'fmax=%0.2f kHZ'%(fmax*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.11 Pg 922"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "CMRR=1000.00\n",
+      "fmax=26.53 kHZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Acm=0.001#\n",
+    "AOL=180000#\n",
+    "Zin=1*10**6#\n",
+    "Zout=80#\n",
+    "SR=0.5#\n",
+    "Acl=1#\n",
+    "CMRR=Acl/Acm#\n",
+    "print \"CMRR=%0.2f\"% CMRR\n",
+    "Vpk=3#\n",
+    "fmax=SR/(2*pi*Vpk)\n",
+    "print 'fmax=%0.2f kHZ'%(fmax*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.12 Pg 922"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vout=-3.52 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "V1= 0.1#\n",
+    "V2=1#\n",
+    "V3=0.5#\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R3=10*10**3#\n",
+    "R4=22*10**3#\n",
+    "Vout=((-R4*V1)/R1)+((-R4*V2)/R2)+((-R4*V3)/R3)#\n",
+    "print 'Vout=%0.2f V'%Vout"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 32.14 Pg 922"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vout=4.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "V1=-2#\n",
+    "V2=2#\n",
+    "V3=-1#\n",
+    "R1=200*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=250*10**3#\n",
+    "R3=500*10**3#\n",
+    "Rf=1*10**6#\n",
+    "Vout=(-Rf/R1)*V1+(-Rf/R2)*V2+(-Rf/R3)*V3#\n",
+    "print 'Vout=%0.2f V'%Vout"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap33_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap33_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..51b66e83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap33_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 33 : OP AMP APPLICATION"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 33.1 Pg 935"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "C=1.00e-08 microF\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "R1=1*10**3#\n",
+    "R2=100*10**3#\n",
+    "Rf=R2#\n",
+    "f1=159#\n",
+    "C=1/(2*pi*R2*f1)#\n",
+    "print 'C=%0.2e microF'%C"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 33.2 Pg 935"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f=31.21 HZ\n",
+      "fmin=312.07 HZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "R1=1*10**3#\n",
+    "Rf=51*10**3#\n",
+    "Cf=0.1*10**-6#\n",
+    "f=1/(2*pi*Rf*Cf)#\n",
+    "print 'f=%0.2f HZ'%f #ans given in book is wrong\n",
+    "fmin=10*f#\n",
+    "print 'fmin=%0.2f HZ'%fmin"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 33.3 Pg 935"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f=1591.55 HZ\n",
+      "fmin=159.15 HZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "R1=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Cf=0.01*10**-6#\n",
+    "f=1/(2*pi*R1*Cf)#\n",
+    "print 'f=%0.2f HZ'%f #ans given in book is wrong\n",
+    "fmin=f/10#\n",
+    "print 'fmin=%0.2f HZ'%fmin"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 33.4 Pg 936"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f0=3120.69 HZ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "R=51*10**3#\n",
+    "C=0.001*10**-6#\n",
+    "f0=1/(2*pi*R*C)#\n",
+    "print 'f0=%0.2f HZ'%f0"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap34_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap34_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..16a4ff5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap34_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,859 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 34 : REUGULATED POWER SUPPLIES "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.1 Pg 955"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "LR=20.00 microV/V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VL=100*10**-6#\n",
+    "VS=5#\n",
+    "LR=VL/VS#\n",
+    "print 'LR=%0.2f microV/V'%(LR*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.2 Pg 955"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VL=14.00 microV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "LR=1.4*10**-6#\n",
+    "VS=10#\n",
+    "#LR=VL/VS#\n",
+    "VL=LR*VS\n",
+    "print 'VL=%0.2f microV'%(VL*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.3 Pg 956"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "LR=125.00 microV/mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "IL=40*10**-3#\n",
+    "VNL=8#\n",
+    "VFL=7.995#\n",
+    "LR=(VNL-VFL)/IL#\n",
+    "print 'LR=%0.2f microV/mA'%(LR*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.4 Pg 956"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VFL=5.00\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VNL=5#\n",
+    "IL=20*10**-3#\n",
+    "LR=10*10**-6#\n",
+    "#LR=(VNL-VFL)/IL#\n",
+    "VFL=VNL-IL*LR#\n",
+    "print 'VFL=%0.2f'%VFL"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.5 Pg 957"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VAR=0.20 mV\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g 34.5\n",
+    "V0=10#\n",
+    "R=0.00002\n",
+    "VAR=V0*R#\n",
+    "print 'VAR=%0.2f mV'%(VAR*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.6 Pg 957"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "vl=12.00 V\n",
+      "Vd=18.00 V\n",
+      "Iz=0.05 A\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g 34.6\n",
+    "vs=30#\n",
+    "rs=240#\n",
+    "vz=12#\n",
+    "rl=500#\n",
+    "vl=vz#\n",
+    "print 'vl=%0.2f V'%vl\n",
+    "Is=(vs-vz)/rs\n",
+    "Vd=Is*rs#\n",
+    "print 'Vd=%0.2f V'%Vd\n",
+    "Iz=Is-(vl/rl)\n",
+    "print 'Iz=%0.2f A'%Iz"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.7 Pg 957"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vomin=5.11 \n",
+      "Vsmin=5.71 \n",
+      "Vomax=5.25 \n",
+      "Vsmax=14.25 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vz=5.1#\n",
+    "rz=10#\n",
+    "Izmin=1*10**-3#\n",
+    "Izmax=15*10**-3#\n",
+    "Rs=600#\n",
+    "Vomin=Vz+Izmin*rz#\n",
+    "print 'Vomin=%0.2f '%Vomin\n",
+    "Vsmin=Izmin*Rs+Vomin#\n",
+    "print 'Vsmin=%0.2f '%Vsmin\n",
+    "Vomax=Vz+Izmax*rz#\n",
+    "print 'Vomax=%0.2f '%Vomax\n",
+    "Vsmax=Izmax*Rs+Vomax#\n",
+    "print 'Vsmax=%0.2f '%Vsmax"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.8 Pg 958"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Is=24.00 mA\n",
+      "ILmax=21.00 mA\n",
+      "RLmin=571.43 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vs=24#\n",
+    "Rs=500#\n",
+    "Vz=12#\n",
+    "Izmin=3*10**-3#\n",
+    "Izmax=90*10**-3#\n",
+    "rz=0#\n",
+    "Is=(Vs-Vz)/Rs#\n",
+    "print 'Is=%0.2f mA'%(Is*10**3)\n",
+    "ILmax=Is-Izmin#\n",
+    "print 'ILmax=%0.2f mA'%(ILmax*10**3)\n",
+    "RLmin=Vz/ILmax#\n",
+    "print 'RLmin=%0.2f ohm'%(RLmin)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.9 Pg 958"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IL=5.00 mA\n",
+      "Izmax=25.00 mA\n",
+      "Izmin=7.00 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vsmin=22#\n",
+    "Rs=1*10**3#\n",
+    "Vz=10#\n",
+    "RL=2*10**3#\n",
+    "Vsmax=40#\n",
+    "IL=Vz/RL#\n",
+    "print 'IL=%0.2f mA'%(IL*10**3)\n",
+    "Izmax=((Vsmax-Vz)/Rs)-IL#\n",
+    "print 'Izmax=%0.2f mA'%(Izmax*10**3)\n",
+    "Izmin=((Vsmin-Vz)/Rs)-IL#\n",
+    "print 'Izmin=%0.2f mA'%(Izmin*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.10 Pg 958"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rsmax=30.00 ohm\n",
+      "Pzmx=1.90 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vz=10#\n",
+    "Vsmin=13#\n",
+    "Vsmax=16#\n",
+    "ILmin=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "ILmax=85*10**-3#\n",
+    "Izmin=15*10**-3#\n",
+    "Rsmax=(Vsmin-Vz)/(Izmin+ILmax)#\n",
+    "print 'Rsmax=%0.2f ohm'%Rsmax\n",
+    "Izmax=((Vsmax-Vz)/Rsmax)-ILmin#\n",
+    "Pzmax=Izmax*Vz#\n",
+    "print 'Pzmx=%0.2f W'%Pzmax"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.11 Pg 959"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rsmax=499.67 ohm\n",
+      "Rsmin=77.89 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "Vsmin=19.5#\n",
+    "Vsmax=22.5#\n",
+    "RL=6*10**3#\n",
+    "Vz=18#\n",
+    "Izmin=2*10**-6#\n",
+    "Pzmax=60*10**-3#\n",
+    "rz=20#\n",
+    "Izmax=sqrt(Pzmax/rz)#\n",
+    "IL=Vz/RL#\n",
+    "ILmax=IL#\n",
+    "ILmin=IL#\n",
+    "Rsmax=(Vsmin-Vz)/(Izmin+ILmax)#\n",
+    "print 'Rsmax=%0.2f ohm'%Rsmax\n",
+    "Rsmin=(Vsmax-Vz)/(Izmax+ILmin)#\n",
+    "print 'Rsmin=%0.2f ohm'%Rsmin"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.12 Pg 959"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Izmin=0.86 mA\n",
+      "Izmax=2.68 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vsmin=8#\n",
+    "Vsmax=12#\n",
+    "Rs=2.2*10**3#\n",
+    "Vz=5#\n",
+    "RL=10*10**3#\n",
+    "Ismin=(Vsmin-Vz)/Rs#\n",
+    "Ismax=(Vsmax-Vz)/Rs#\n",
+    "IL=Vz/RL#\n",
+    "Izmin=Ismin-IL#\n",
+    "print 'Izmin=%0.2f mA'%(Izmin*10**3)\n",
+    "Izmax=Ismax-IL#\n",
+    "print 'Izmax=%0.2f mA'%(Izmax*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.13 Pg 960"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rsmin=83.33 ohm\n",
+      "Iz=28.00 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VL=5#\n",
+    "Vz=5#\n",
+    "IL=20*10**-3#\n",
+    "Pzmax=500*10**-3#\n",
+    "Vsmax=15#\n",
+    "Vsmin=9#\n",
+    "Izmax=Pzmax/Vz#\n",
+    "Ismax=IL+Izmax#\n",
+    "Vz=VL#\n",
+    "Rsmin=(Vsmax-Vz)/(Izmax+IL)#\n",
+    "print 'Rsmin=%0.2f ohm'%Rsmin\n",
+    "ILmax=IL#\n",
+    "Iz=((Vsmin-Vz)/Rsmin)-ILmax#\n",
+    "print 'Iz=%0.2f mA'%(Iz*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.14 Pg 960"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ib=233.03 microA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vz=10#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "RL=100#\n",
+    "Vs=15#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "Rs=33#\n",
+    "VL=Vz+Vbe#\n",
+    "IL=VL/RL#\n",
+    "Is=(Vs-VL)/Rs#\n",
+    "Ic=Is-IL#\n",
+    "Ib=Ic/B#\n",
+    "print 'Ib=%0.2f microA'%(Ib*10**6)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.15 Pg 960"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IB=38.00 microA\n",
+      "Iz=3.68 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vs=15#\n",
+    "Vz=8.3#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "R=1.8*10**3#\n",
+    "RL=2*10**3#\n",
+    "Vbe=0.7#\n",
+    "VL=Vz-Vbe#\n",
+    "Vce=Vs-VL#\n",
+    "IR=(Vs-Vz)/R#\n",
+    "IL=VL/RL#\n",
+    "IB=IL/B#\n",
+    "print 'IB=%0.2f microA'%(IB*10**6) #In question beta is 100 but while solving it is taken as 50 which is wrong\n",
+    "Iz=IR-IB#\n",
+    "print 'Iz=%0.2f mA'%(Iz*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.16 Pg 961"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rmax=119.05 ohm\n",
+      "Izmax=63.00 mA\n",
+      "Pzmax=0.79 W\n",
+      "PRmax=0.47 W\n",
+      "VCEmax=8.00 V\n",
+      "PDmax=16.00 W\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ILmin=0#\n",
+    "ILmax=2#\n",
+    "VL=12#\n",
+    "Vsmin=15#\n",
+    "Vsmax=20#\n",
+    "B=100#\n",
+    "VBE=0.5#\n",
+    "Vz=12.5#\n",
+    "Izmin=1*10**-3#\n",
+    "IBmax=ILmax/B#\n",
+    "IR=IBmax+Izmin\n",
+    "Rmax=(Vsmin-Vz)/IR#\n",
+    "print 'Rmax=%0.2f ohm'%Rmax\n",
+    "Izmax=(Vsmax-Vz)/Rmax#\n",
+    "print 'Izmax=%0.2f mA'%(Izmax*10**3)\n",
+    "Pzmax=Vz*Izmax#\n",
+    "print 'Pzmax=%0.2f W'%Pzmax\n",
+    "PRmax=(Vsmax-Vz)*Izmax#\n",
+    "print 'PRmax=%0.2f W'%PRmax\n",
+    "VCEmax=Vsmax-VL#\n",
+    "print 'VCEmax=%0.2f V'%VCEmax\n",
+    "PDmax=VCEmax*ILmax#\n",
+    "print 'PDmax=%0.2f W'%PDmax"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.17 Pg 961"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "RD=600.00 ohm\n",
+      "R1=530.00 ohm\n",
+      "R2=670.00 ohm\n",
+      "R3=1.51 kohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VL=12#\n",
+    "IL=200*10**-3#\n",
+    "Vs=30#\n",
+    "Rs=10#\n",
+    "B1=150#\n",
+    "Ic1=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "VBE1=0.7#\n",
+    "B2=100#\n",
+    "VBE2=0.7#\n",
+    "Vz=6#\n",
+    "Rz=10#\n",
+    "Iz=20*10**-3#\n",
+    "ID=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "I1=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "RD=(VL-Vz)/ID#\n",
+    "print 'RD=%0.2f ohm'%RD\n",
+    "#a=R1/R2#\n",
+    "a=(VL/(Vz+VBE2))-1#\n",
+    "Ic2=Ic1#\n",
+    "IB2=Ic2/B2#\n",
+    "V2=Vz+VBE2#\n",
+    "Vz=12#\n",
+    "R1=(Vz-V2)/I1#\n",
+    "print 'R1=%0.2f ohm'%R1\n",
+    "R2=R1/a#\n",
+    "print 'R2=%0.2f ohm'%R2\n",
+    "hfe1=B1#\n",
+    "IB1=(IL+I1+ID)/hfe1#\n",
+    "I=IB1+Ic2#\n",
+    "R3=(Vs-(VBE1+VL))/I#\n",
+    "print 'R3=%0.2f kohm'%(R3*10**-3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.18 Pg 961"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vout=8.20 V\n",
+      "IE1=8.20 mA\n",
+      "P1=137.76 mW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vs=25#\n",
+    "Vz=15#\n",
+    "RL=1*10**3#\n",
+    "VBE2=0.7#\n",
+    "Vout=(Vz/2)+VBE2#\n",
+    "print 'Vout=%0.2f V'%Vout\n",
+    "IL=Vout/RL#\n",
+    "IE1=IL#\n",
+    "print 'IE1=%0.2f mA'%(IE1*10**3)\n",
+    "Vce1=Vs-Vout#\n",
+    "P1=Vce1*IE1#\n",
+    "print 'P1=%0.2f mW'%(P1*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.19 Pg 961"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Voutmin=1.25 V\n",
+      "Voutmax=30.16 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "IADJ=100*10**-6#\n",
+    "Vin=35#\n",
+    "VREF=1.25#\n",
+    "R2=0#\n",
+    "R1=220#\n",
+    "Voutmin=VREF*(1+(R2/R1))+IADJ*R2#\n",
+    "print 'Voutmin=%0.2f V'%Voutmin\n",
+    "R2=5000#\n",
+    "Voutmax=VREF*(1+(R2/R1))+IADJ*R2#\n",
+    "print 'Voutmax=%0.2f V'%Voutmax"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.20 Pg 962"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vo=9.77 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R1=220#\n",
+    "R2=1500#\n",
+    "Vo=1.25*(1+(R2/R1))#\n",
+    "print 'Vo=%0.2f V'%Vo #answer given in book is wrong"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 34.21 Pg 962"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vo=13.75 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "R1=240#\n",
+    "R2=2.4*10**3#\n",
+    "Vo=1.25*(1+(R2/R1))#\n",
+    "print 'Vo=%0.2f V'%Vo"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap3_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap3_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..abc387fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap3_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,859 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 3 : Semiconductors"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.1 Pg 59"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "l = 45.6 km\n",
+      "J = 5.80e+05 A/m**2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "R=1000#\n",
+    "sigma=5.8*10**7#\n",
+    "d=0.001#\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#l is length of the cu wire\n",
+    "l=R*sigma*pi*(d*d/4)##R=l/(sigma*pi*(d*d/4))\n",
+    "print \"l = %0.1f km\"%(l*10**-3)\n",
+    "E=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "J=sigma*E##current density\n",
+    "print 'J = %0.2e A/m**2'%J"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.2 Pg 60"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "n = 1.133e+29 /m**3\n",
+      "J = 1.16e+06 A/m**2\n",
+      "A = 3.14e-06 m**2\n",
+      "I = 3.64 A\n",
+      "V = 6.40e-05 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "d=2*10**-3#\n",
+    "sigma=5.8*10**7#\n",
+    "mu=0.0032#\n",
+    "E=20*10**-3#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "n=sigma/(q*mu)##sigma=q*n*mu\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.3e /m**3'%(n)\n",
+    "J=sigma*E##current density\n",
+    "print 'J = %0.2e A/m**2'%J\n",
+    "A=pi*d*d/4##area of cross-section of wire\n",
+    "print 'A = %0.2e m**2'%A\n",
+    "I=J*A##current flowing in the wire\n",
+    "print 'I = %0.2f A'%I\n",
+    "V=mu*E##electron drift velocity\n",
+    "print 'V = %0.2e m/s'%V\n",
+    "#answer printed in the book is wrong"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.3 Pg 61"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "sigma = 6.49e+07 S/m\n",
+      "mu = 0.700 m**2/vs\n",
+      "t = 3.980 ps\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "p=1.54*10**-8#\n",
+    "n=5.8*10**28#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "sigma=1/p##p=1/sigma..conductivity\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2e S/m'%sigma\n",
+    "mu=sigma/(q*n*10**-2)##mobility\n",
+    "print 'mu = %0.3f m**2/vs'%mu\n",
+    "m=9.1*10**-31#\n",
+    "t=(m*mu)/q##relaxation time\n",
+    "print 't = %0.3f ps'%(t*1e12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex  3.4 Pg 62"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "sigma = 2.24 ohm-mu**-1\n",
+      "sigma1 = 4.32e-04 ohm-m**-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "mun=0.38#\n",
+    "mup=0.18#\n",
+    "n=2.5*10**19#\n",
+    "a=0.13#\n",
+    "b=0.05#\n",
+    "n2=1.5*10**16#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "sigma=q*n*(mun+mup)## intrinsic coductivity for germanium\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2f ohm-mu**-1'%sigma\n",
+    "sigma1=q*n2*(a+b)##intrinsic coductivity for silicon\n",
+    "print 'sigma1 = %0.2e ohm-m**-1'%sigma1"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.5 Pg 62"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "e = 3.27e-04 ohm-m**-1\n",
+      "h = 1.13e-04 ohm-m**-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "n=1.41*10**16#\n",
+    "mun=0.145#\n",
+    "mup=0.05#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "#sigma=q*n*(mun+mup)#\n",
+    "e=q*n*mun##contribution by electrons\n",
+    "h=q*n*mup##contribution by holes\n",
+    "print 'e = %0.2e ohm-m**-1'%e\n",
+    "print 'h = %0.2e ohm-m**-1'%h"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.6 Pg 63"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "R = 125.00 ohm\n",
+      "rho = 0.025 ohm-m\n",
+      "n = 1.92e+21 /m**3\n",
+      "J = 2.00e+05 amp/m**2\n",
+      "v = 650.00 m/sec\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "q=1.60*10**-19#\n",
+    "l=0.2*10**-3#\n",
+    "a=0.04*10**-6#\n",
+    "v=1#\n",
+    "i=8*10**-3#\n",
+    "mun=0.13#\n",
+    "#concentration of free electrons\n",
+    "R=v/i##resistance\n",
+    "print 'R = %0.2f ohm'%R\n",
+    "rho=(R*a)/l#\n",
+    "print 'rho = %0.3f ohm-m'%rho\n",
+    "sigma=1/rho##conductivity\n",
+    "n=sigma/(q*mun)##concentration of free electrons\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.2e /m**3'%n\n",
+    "#Drift velocity\n",
+    "j=i/a#\n",
+    "print 'J = %0.2e amp/m**2'%j\n",
+    "v=j/(n*q)#\n",
+    "print 'v = %0.2f m/sec'%v"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.7 Pg 64"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "sigma = 2.13 ohm-m**-1\n",
+      "n = 2.3e+19 /m**3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "rho=0.47#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "mun=0.39#\n",
+    "mup=0.19#\n",
+    "sigma=1/rho##conductivity of intrinsic semiconductor\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2f ohm-m**-1'%sigma\n",
+    "n=sigma/(q*(mun+mup))##intrinsic carrier concentration of germanium\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.1e /m**3'%n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex  3.8 Pg 66"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "n = 5.00e+20 /m**3\n",
+      "SIGMA = 14.40 ohm-m**-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ND=10**21#\n",
+    "NA=5*10**20#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "mun=0.18#\n",
+    "ND1=ND-NA##number of free electrons\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.2e /m**3'%ND1\n",
+    "SIGMA=ND1*q*mun##conductivity of silicon\n",
+    "print 'SIGMA = %0.2f ohm-m**-1'%SIGMA"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.9 Pg 66"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "sigma = 0.01 (ohm-m)**-1\n",
+      "ND = 1.74e+17 atoms/m**3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "rho=100.0#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "mun=0.36#\n",
+    "sigma=1.0/rho#\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2f (ohm-m)**-1'%sigma\n",
+    "ND= sigma/(q*mun)##donar concentration\n",
+    "print 'ND = %0.2e atoms/m**3'%ND"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex  3.10 Pg  66"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "n = 1.76e+24 electrons/cm**3\n",
+      "p = 2.64e+24 holes/cm**3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ND=2*10**14#\n",
+    "NA=3*10**14#\n",
+    "ni=2.3*10**19#\n",
+    "n=(ni**2)/NA#\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.2e electrons/cm**3'%n\n",
+    "p=(ni**2)/ND#\n",
+    "print 'p = %0.2e holes/cm**3'%p"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex  3.11 Pg 67"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "n = 3750\n",
+      "p = 4.50e+11\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ND=5*10**8#\n",
+    "NA=6*10**16#\n",
+    "ni=1.5*10**10#\n",
+    "n=(ni**2)/NA##number of electons\n",
+    "p=(ni**2)/ND##number of holes\n",
+    "print \"n = %0.f\"%n\n",
+    "print \"p = %0.2e\"%p"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.12 Pg 67"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "sigma = 1.60 S/m\n",
+      "l = 1.26 mm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "d=0.001#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "ND=10**20#\n",
+    "R=1000#\n",
+    "mun=0.1#\n",
+    "n=ND##number of free electrons\n",
+    "sigma=q*n*mun##conductivity\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2f S/m'%sigma\n",
+    "a=(1/sigma)*(1/(pi*(0.001**2)/4))\n",
+    "l=R/a#\n",
+    "print 'l = %0.2f mm'%(l*10**3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.13 Pg 67"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "p = 3.47e+17 /cm**3\n",
+      "n = 1.80e+09 /cm**3\n",
+      "n = 4.80e+14 /cm**3\n",
+      "p = 4.69e+05 /cm**3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sigma=100#\n",
+    "rho=0.1#\n",
+    "ni=1.5*10**10#\n",
+    "mun=1300#\n",
+    "mup=500#\n",
+    "ni1=2.5*10**13#\n",
+    "mun1=3800#\n",
+    "mup1=1800#\n",
+    "q=1.602*10**-19#\n",
+    "#concentration of p type germanium\n",
+    "p=sigma/(q*mup1)#\n",
+    "print 'p = %0.2e /cm**3'%p\n",
+    "n=(ni1**2)/p#\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.2e /cm**3'%n\n",
+    "#concentration of n type silicon\n",
+    "n=rho/(mun*q)#\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.2e /cm**3'%n\n",
+    "p=(ni**2)/n#\n",
+    "print 'p = %0.2e /cm**3'%p\n",
+    "# ans in the textbook are wrong"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.14 Pg 68"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 24,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "ND = 4.41e+14 /cm**3\n",
+      "p = 1.42e+12 /cm**3\n",
+      "sigma = 0.27 (ohm-cm**)-1\n",
+      "rho = 3.72 ohm-cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "mun=3800#\n",
+    "mup=1800#\n",
+    "ni=2.5*10**13#\n",
+    "Nge=4.41*10**22#\n",
+    "q=1.602*10**-19#\n",
+    "ND=Nge/10**8#\n",
+    "print 'ND = %0.2e /cm**3'%ND\n",
+    "p=(ni**2)/ND#\n",
+    "print 'p = %0.2e /cm**3'%p\n",
+    "n=ND#\n",
+    "sigma=q*n*mun#\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2f (ohm-cm**)-1'%sigma\n",
+    "rho=1/sigma#\n",
+    "print 'rho = %0.2f ohm-cm'%rho"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.15 Pg 68"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 25,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "sigma = 4.45e-06 (ohm-cm)**-1\n",
+      "rho = 224690.83 ohm-cm\n",
+      "ND = 9.92e+14 /cm**3\n",
+      "p = 2.33e+05 /cm**3\n",
+      "sigma = 0.21 (ohm-cm)**-1\n",
+      "rho = 4.67 ohm-cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "Nsi=4.96*10**22#\n",
+    "ni=1.52*10**10#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "mun=1350#\n",
+    "mup=480#\n",
+    "#resistivity of intrinsic silicon\n",
+    "sigma=q*ni*(mun+mup)\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2e (ohm-cm)**-1'%sigma\n",
+    "rho=1/sigma#\n",
+    "print 'rho = %0.2f ohm-cm'%rho\n",
+    "#resistivity of doped silicon\n",
+    "ND=Nsi/(50*10**6)#\n",
+    "print 'ND = %0.2e /cm**3'%ND\n",
+    "n=ND#\n",
+    "p=(ni**2)/n#\n",
+    "print 'p = %0.2e /cm**3'%p\n",
+    "sigma=q*n*mun#\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2f (ohm-cm)**-1'%sigma\n",
+    "rho=1/sigma#\n",
+    "print 'rho = %0.2f ohm-cm'%rho"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.16 Pg 69"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "sigma = 4.40e-04 ohm-m**-1\n",
+      "sigma = 38.45 ohm-m**-1\n",
+      "sigma34 = 7.48e-04 ohm-m**-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "mup=0.048#\n",
+    "mun=0.135#\n",
+    "q=1.602*10**-19#\n",
+    "Nsi=5*10**28#\n",
+    "ni=1.5*10**16#\n",
+    "sigma=q*ni*(mun+mup)#\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2e ohm-m**-1'%sigma\n",
+    "NA=Nsi/10**7#\n",
+    "P=NA#\n",
+    "n=ni**2/P#\n",
+    "sigma=q*P*mup#\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2f ohm-m**-1'%sigma\n",
+    "alpha=0.05#\n",
+    "T=34-20#\n",
+    "sigma20=0.44*10**-3#\n",
+    "sigma34=sigma20*(1+alpha*T)#\n",
+    "print 'sigma34 = %0.2e ohm-m**-1'%sigma34"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex  3.17 Pg 71"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 27,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "DP = 4.40e+01 m**2/s\n",
+      "Dn = 9.31e+01 m**2/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "mun=3600#\n",
+    "mup=1700#\n",
+    "k=1.38*10**23#\n",
+    "T=300#\n",
+    "DP=mup*(T/11600)##answer given in the book is wrong\n",
+    "print 'DP = %0.2e m**2/s'%DP\n",
+    "Dn=mun*(T/11600)##answer given in the book is wrong\n",
+    "print 'Dn = %0.2e m**2/s'%Dn"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex  3.18 Pg 74"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "mu = 1000.00 cm**2/volt-sec\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "RH=160#\n",
+    "rho=0.16#\n",
+    "mun=(1/rho)*RH#\n",
+    "print 'mu = %0.2f cm**2/volt-sec'%mun"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 3.19 Pg 77"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 29,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "n = 7.50e+21 /m**3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "I=50#\n",
+    "B=1.2#\n",
+    "t=0.5*10**-3#\n",
+    "Vh=100#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "n=(B*I)/(Vh*q*t)#\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.2e /m**3'%n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.20 Pg 77"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 30,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "n = 3.12e+21 /m**3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "rho=20*10**-2#\n",
+    "mu=100*10**-4#\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "n=1/(rho*q*mu)#\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.2e /m**3'%n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.21 Pg 77"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 31,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "mu = 0.04 m**2/V-s\n",
+      "n = 1.71e+22 /m**3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Rh=3.66*10**-4#\n",
+    "rho=8.93*10**-3#\n",
+    "mu=Rh/rho#\n",
+    "print 'mu = %0.2f m**2/V-s'%mu\n",
+    "q=1.6*10**-19#\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n=1/(q*Rh)#\n",
+    "print 'n = %0.2e /m**3'%n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.22 Pg 77"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 32,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "sigma = 111.11 S/m\n",
+      "RH = 2.70e-05 m**3*C\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "rho=9*10**-3#\n",
+    "mup=0.003#\n",
+    "sigma=1/rho#\n",
+    "print 'sigma = %0.2f S/m'%sigma\n",
+    "RH= mup/sigma#\n",
+    "print 'RH = %0.2e m**3*C'%RH"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap5_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap5_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5bd9c597
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap5_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 5 : PN JUNCTION DIODE"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.1 Pg 102"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I = 10.72 uA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp    \n",
+    "I0=2*10**-7\n",
+    "Vf=0.1\n",
+    "I=I0*(exp (40*Vf)-1)\n",
+    "print \"I = %0.2f\"%(I*10**6),'uA'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.2 Pg 102"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VT=25.69 mV\n",
+      "I=5.24 A\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "I0=1*10**-3\n",
+    "Vf=0.22\n",
+    "T=298\n",
+    "n=1\n",
+    "VT=T/11600\n",
+    "print \"VT=%0.2f\"%(VT*10**3),'mV'\n",
+    "I=I0*(exp (Vf/(n*VT))-1)\n",
+    "print \"I=%0.2f\"%I,\"A\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.3 Pg 103"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "value of n = 1.17605641518\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "I1=0.5*10**-3\n",
+    "V1=340*10**-3\n",
+    "I2=15*10**-3\n",
+    "V2=440*10**-3\n",
+    "kTbyq=25*10**-3\n",
+    "a=V1/kTbyq\n",
+    "b=V2/kTbyq\n",
+    "#log(I1/I2)==log(exp((b-a)/n))\n",
+    "n=(a-b)/(log(I1/I2))\n",
+    "print \"value of n =\",n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.4 Pg 103"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I400=10.24 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "I300=10*10**-6\n",
+    "T1=300\n",
+    "T2=400\n",
+    "I400=I300*(2**((T2-T1)/10))\n",
+    "print \"I400=%0.2f\"%(I400*10**3),'mA'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.5 Pg 103"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VF=0.72 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "rB=2.0\n",
+    "IF=12*10**-3\n",
+    "VF=0.7+IF*rB\n",
+    "print \"VF=%0.2f\"%VF,'V'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.8 Pg 104"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IF=0.50 A\n",
+      "IR=3.33 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "PD=0.5\n",
+    "VF=1\n",
+    "VBR=150\n",
+    "IF=(PD/VF)\n",
+    "print \"IF=%0.2f\"%IF,\"A\"\n",
+    "IR=(PD/VBR)\n",
+    "print \"IR=%0.2f\"%(IR*10**3),'mA'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.9 Pg 104"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VD=VS=5.00 V\n",
+      "VR= 0\n",
+      "I= 0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "R=330\n",
+    "VS=5\n",
+    "VD=VS\n",
+    "print \"VD=VS=%0.2f\"% VD,'V'\n",
+    "VR=0\n",
+    "print \"VR=\",VR\n",
+    "I=0\n",
+    "print \"I=\",I"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.10 Pg 105"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VD= 0\n",
+      "VR= 12 V\n",
+      "I=25.53 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "VS=12\n",
+    "R=470\n",
+    "VD=0\n",
+    "print \"VD=\",VD\n",
+    "VR=VS\n",
+    "print \"VR=\",VR,\"V\"\n",
+    "I=(VS/R)\n",
+    "print \"I=%0.2f\"%(I*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.11 Pg 105"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I=6.62 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "VS=6\n",
+    "R1=330\n",
+    "R2=470\n",
+    "VD=0.7\n",
+    "RT=R1+R2\n",
+    "I=(VS-0.7)/RT\n",
+    "print \"I=%0.2f\"%(I*10**3),'mA'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.12 Pg 105"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VR=4.30 V\n",
+      "I=8.43 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "VS=5\n",
+    "R=510\n",
+    "VF=0.7\n",
+    "VR=VS-0.7\n",
+    "print \"VR=%0.2f\"%VR,\"V\"\n",
+    "I=VR/R\n",
+    "print \"I=%0.2f\"%(I*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.13 Pg 105"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I=3.07 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "VS=6\n",
+    "VD1=0.7\n",
+    "VD2=0.7\n",
+    "VR=1.5*10**3\n",
+    "I=(VS-VD1-VD2)/VR\n",
+    "print \"I=%0.2f\"%(I*10**3),'mA'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.14 Pg 106"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I=3.21 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "VS=12\n",
+    "R1=1.5*10**3\n",
+    "R2=1.8*10**3\n",
+    "VD1=0.7\n",
+    "VD2=0.7\n",
+    "I=(VS-VD1-VD2)/(R1+R2)\n",
+    "print \"I=%0.2f\"%(I*10**3),'mA'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.15 Pg 106"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VO= 0 V\n",
+      "VO= 4.3 V\n",
+      "VO= 4.3 V\n",
+      "VO= 4.3 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "V1=0\n",
+    "V2=0\n",
+    "VO=0\n",
+    "print \"VO=\",VO,\"V\"\n",
+    "V1=0\n",
+    "V2=5\n",
+    "VO=V2-0.7\n",
+    "print \"VO=\",VO,\"V\"\n",
+    "V1=5\n",
+    "V2=0\n",
+    "VO=V1-0.7\n",
+    "print \"VO=\",VO,\"V\"\n",
+    "V1=5\n",
+    "V2=5\n",
+    "VO=V2-0.7\n",
+    "print \"VO=\",VO,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 5.16 Pg 106"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I= 0.999965 mA\n",
+      "R1= 50\n",
+      "V= 0 mV\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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uqYM2vmzo0A+5EIx166BHDzjlFH82FFtGFoyapq4OFi/2KxhgPcHW8N0LBK0jJhh+8CoY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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x7fe2b44c3710>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,pi,sin\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pyplot import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel,title\n",
+    "R=20*10**3\n",
+    "I=(R-0.7)/R\n",
+    "print \"I=\",I,\"mA\"\n",
+    "rj=50\n",
+    "rB=1\n",
+    "re=rB+rj\n",
+    "R1=(R*re)/(re+R)\n",
+    "print \"R1=\",R1\n",
+    "V=10*(re/(re+1000))\n",
+    "print \"V=\",V,'mV'\n",
+    "i=arange(0,6*pi,0.01)\n",
+    "y=[]\n",
+    "for x in i:\n",
+    "    y.append(sin(x))\n",
+    "plot(i,y)\n",
+    "xlabel(\"X\")\n",
+    "ylabel(\"Y\")\n",
+    "title(\"sin wave\")\n",
+    "show()"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap7_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap7_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8d552ef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap7_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 7 : SPECIAL PURPOSE DIODES AND OPTO ELECTRONIC DEVICES"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.1 Pg 136"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Izm=73.53 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "pzm=500*10**-3#\n",
+    "vz=6.8#\n",
+    "Izm=pzm/vz#\n",
+    "print \"Izm=%0.2f\"%(Izm*10**3),'mA'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.2 Pg 137 "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Td=83.25 mW\n",
+      "pz=416.75 mW\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "pzm=500*10**-3#\n",
+    "d=3.33*10**-3#\n",
+    "a=75#\n",
+    "b=50#\n",
+    "Td=d*(a-b)#\n",
+    "print \"Td=%0.2f\"%(Td*10**3),\"mW\"\n",
+    "pz=pzm-Td #\n",
+    "print \"pz=%0.2f\"%(pz*10**3),'mW'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.3 Pg 138"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "rz=5.00 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "IZ=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "vz=0.05#\n",
+    "rz=vz/IZ#\n",
+    "print \"rz=%0.2f\"%rz,\"ohm\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.4 Pg 139"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "VZ1=5.00 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Vz=4.7#\n",
+    "rz=15#\n",
+    "Iz=20*10**-3#\n",
+    "VZ1= Vz+(rz*Iz)#\n",
+    "print \"VZ1=%0.2f\"%VZ1,\"V\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.5 Pg 139"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "CT=2.50e-12 F\n",
+      "fo=1.01 MHz\n",
+      "CT=2.50e-11 F\n",
+      "fo=318.31 kHz\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "C1=5*10**-12##min\n",
+    "C2=5*10**-12##min\n",
+    "L=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "CT=(C1*C2)/(C1+C2)##CTmax\n",
+    "print \"CT=%0.2e\"%CT,\"F\"\n",
+    "fo=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*CT))#\n",
+    "print \"fo=%0.2f\"%(fo*10**-6),\"MHz\"\n",
+    "C1=50*10**-12##max\n",
+    "C2=50*10**-12##max\n",
+    "CT=(C1*C2)/(C1+C2)##CTmin\n",
+    "print \"CT=%0.2e\"%CT,\"F\"\n",
+    "fo=1/(2*pi*sqrt(L*CT))#\n",
+    "print \"fo=%0.2f\"%(fo*10**-3),\"kHz\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.6 Pg 139"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "f=25.00 MHz\n",
+      "f=125.00 MHz\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "T=0.04*10**-6#\n",
+    "f=1/T#\n",
+    "print \"f=%0.2f\"%(f*10**-6),\"MHz\"\n",
+    "print \"f=%0.2f\"%(f*5*10**-6),\"MHz\"##frequency of 5th harmonic"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.7 Pg 140"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rs=387.50 ohm\n",
+      "Rsmax=375.00 ohm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Vs=8#\n",
+    "VDmin=1.8#\n",
+    "VDmax=2#\n",
+    "Ifmax=16*10**-3#\n",
+    "Rs=(Vs-VDmin)/Ifmax#\n",
+    "print \"Rs=%0.2f\"%Rs,\"ohm\"\n",
+    "Rsmax=(Vs-VDmax)/Ifmax#\n",
+    "print \"Rsmax=%0.2f\"%Rsmax,\"ohm\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.8 Pg 140"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Imax=18.09 mA\n",
+      "Imin=16.38 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VDmin=1.5#\n",
+    "VDmax=2.3#\n",
+    "Vs=10#\n",
+    "R1=470#\n",
+    "Imax=(Vs-VDmin)/R1#\n",
+    "print \"Imax=%0.2f\"%(Imax*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Imin=(Vs-VDmax)/R1#\n",
+    "print \"Imin=%0.2f\"%(Imin*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.9 Pg 140"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Imin=16.67 mA\n",
+      "Imax=27.07 mA\n",
+      "Imin=16.67 mA\n",
+      "Imax=26.67 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "VDmin=1.8#\n",
+    "VDmax=3#\n",
+    "Vs1=24#\n",
+    "Rs1=820#\n",
+    "Vs2=5#\n",
+    "Rs2=120#\n",
+    "Imin=(Vs2-VDmax)/Rs2#\n",
+    "print \"Imin=%0.2f\"%(Imin*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Imax=(Vs1-VDmin)/Rs1#\n",
+    "print \"Imax=%0.2f\"%(Imax*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Imin=(Vs2-VDmax)/Rs2#\n",
+    "print \"Imin=%0.2f\"%(Imin*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Imax=(Vs2-VDmin)/Rs2#\n",
+    "print \"Imax=%0.2f\"%(Imax*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 7.10 Pg 141"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "R=2.00 kohm\n",
+      "Id=0.30 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "r=1*10**3#\n",
+    "I=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "V=30#\n",
+    "#I=30/(R+r)\n",
+    "R=(V/I)-r##when dark\n",
+    "print \"R=%0.2f\"%(R*10**-3),\"kohm\"\n",
+    "R=100*10**3##when illuminated\n",
+    "Id=(V/(r+R))#\n",
+    "print \"Id=%0.2f\"%(Id*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap8_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap8_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3963e259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap8_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 8 : BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.1 Pg 161"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ib=0.20 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g 8.1\n",
+    "Ie=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ic=9.8*10**-3#\n",
+    "#Ie=Ib+Ic\n",
+    "Ib=Ie-Ic#\n",
+    "print \"Ib=%0.2f\"%(Ib*10**3),'mA'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.2 Pg 161"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "a=0.9873\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ie=6.28*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ic=6.20*10**-3#\n",
+    "a=Ic/Ie#\n",
+    "print \"a=%0.4f\"%a"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.3 Pg 161"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=9.67 mA\n",
+      "Ib=0.33 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g8.3\n",
+    "a=0.967#\n",
+    "Ie=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ic=Ie*a##a=Ic/Ie\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Ib=Ie-Ic#\n",
+    "print \"Ib=%0.2f\"%(Ib*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.4 Pg 162"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=9.87 mA\n",
+      "Ib=0.13 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ie=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "alpha=0.987#\n",
+    "Ic=Ie*alpha##alpha=Ic/Ie\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Ib=Ie-Ic#\n",
+    "print \"Ib=%0.2f\"%(Ib*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.5 Pg 163"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "beta= 39.0\n",
+      "alpha= 0.975\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "alpha=0.975#\n",
+    "beta=200#\n",
+    "beta=(alpha/(1-alpha))#\n",
+    "print \"beta=\",beta\n",
+    "alpha=(beta/(1+beta))#\n",
+    "print \"alpha=\",alpha"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.6 Pg 163"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "IE=40.40 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "BETA=100#\n",
+    "IC=40*10**-3#\n",
+    "IB=IC/BETA#\n",
+    "IE=IC+IB#\n",
+    "print \"IE=%0.2f\"%(IE*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.7 Pg 164"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=9.93 mA\n",
+      "Ib=0.07 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "beta=150#\n",
+    "Ie=10*10**-3#\n",
+    "alpha=beta/(1+beta)\n",
+    "Ic=alpha*Ie##as alpha=(Ic/Ie)\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Ib=Ie-Ic##as  Ie=Ib+Ic\n",
+    "print \"Ib=%0.2f\"%(Ib*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.8 Pg 164"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=80.00 mA\n",
+      "Ie=80.47 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "beta=170#\n",
+    "Ic=80*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ib=Ic/beta##beta=(Ic/Ib)\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Ie=Ic+Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Ie=%0.2f\"%(Ie*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.9 Pg 165"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=25.00 mA\n",
+      "Ie=25.12 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Ib=125*10**-6#\n",
+    "beta=200#\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Ie=Ic+Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Ie=%0.2f\"%(Ie*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.10 Pg 165"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ib=0.09 mA\n",
+      "Ic=11.91 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Ie=12*10**-3#\n",
+    "beta=140#\n",
+    "Ib=Ie/(1+beta)#\n",
+    "print \"Ib=%0.2f\"%(Ib*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Ic=Ie-Ib##as  Ie=Ib+Ic\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.11 Pg 165"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "BETA= 19.5238095238\n",
+      "ALPHA= 0.951276102088\n",
+      "IE=2.15 mA\n",
+      "BETAn= 20.4545454545\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "IB=105*10**-6#\n",
+    "IC=2.05*10**-3#\n",
+    "BETA=IC/IB#\n",
+    "print \"BETA=\",BETA\n",
+    "ALPHA=BETA/(1+BETA)#\n",
+    "print \"ALPHA=\",ALPHA\n",
+    "IE=IC+IB#\n",
+    "print \"IE=%0.2f\"%(IE*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "DELTA_IB=27*10**-6#\n",
+    "DELTA_IC=0.65*10**-3#\n",
+    "IBn=IB+DELTA_IB#\n",
+    "ICn=IC+DELTA_IC#\n",
+    "BETAn=ICn/IBn#\n",
+    "print \"BETAn=\",BETAn"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.12 Pg 166"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=5.15 mA\n",
+      "Ie=5.25 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#e.g 8.12\n",
+    "alpha=0.98#\n",
+    "Ico=5*10**-6#\n",
+    "Ib=100*10**-6#\n",
+    "Ic=((alpha*Ib)/(1-alpha))+(Ico/(1-alpha))#\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "Ie=Ic+Ib#\n",
+    "print \"Ie=%0.2f\"%(Ie*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 8.13 Pg 166"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ic=13.01 mA\n",
+      "Icbo50=49.25 microA\n",
+      "Ic=15.01 mA\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from __future__ import division\n",
+    "Icbo=10*10**-6#\n",
+    "beta=50#\n",
+    "#Value of collector current when Ib=0.25*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ib=0.25*10**-3#\n",
+    "Ic=(beta*Ib)+(1+beta)*Icbo#\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\"\n",
+    "#Value of new collector current if temperature rises to 50 degree\n",
+    "t1=27#\n",
+    "t2=50#\n",
+    "Icbo50=Icbo*2**((t2-t1)/10)#\n",
+    "print \"Icbo50=%0.2f\"%(Icbo50*10**6),\"microA\"\n",
+    "#collector current at 50 degree\n",
+    "Ic=beta*Ib+(1+beta)*Icbo50#\n",
+    "print \"Ic=%0.2f\"%(Ic*10**3),\"mA\""
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap9_1.ipynb b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap9_1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f290a4a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/Chap9_1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter - 9 : BJT CHARACTERISTICS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex 9.1 Pg 175"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pdmax70= 0.3974\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "Pdmax=500*10**-3#\n",
+    "DF=2.28*10**-3#\n",
+    "T=70#\n",
+    "Pdmax70=Pdmax-DF*(T-25)#\n",
+    "print \"Pdmax70=\",Pdmax70"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/screenshots/Ch28OpFreq_1.png b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/screenshots/Ch28OpFreq_1.png
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diff --git a/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/screenshots/Ch28VoltageGain_1.png b/A_Textbook_of_Electronic_Circuits_by_R._S._Sedha/screenshots/Ch28VoltageGain_1.png
new file mode 100644
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