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| author | Trupti Kini | 2016-01-03 23:30:10 +0600 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Trupti Kini | 2016-01-03 23:30:10 +0600 |
| commit | 6e3ec18b2ae45068cff88041c7be1a60a54b459c (patch) | |
| tree | 6220a92e5853d4396925cfe5d259043a982298da | |
| parent | 3df6e3d40e05badcf11bbde0dfe5b0d9390d2ffc (diff) | |
| download | Python-Textbook-Companions-6e3ec18b2ae45068cff88041c7be1a60a54b459c.tar.gz Python-Textbook-Companions-6e3ec18b2ae45068cff88041c7be1a60a54b459c.tar.bz2 Python-Textbook-Companions-6e3ec18b2ae45068cff88041c7be1a60a54b459c.zip | |
Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/11.1new.png
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.1new.png
A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.4new.png
A sample_notebooks/ChandraShiva/CHAPTER09.ipynb
A "sample_notebooks/Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb"
A sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb
16 files changed, 3624 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0bf83b2e --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:732d8b53b905e9628a3915cdb529a16e94d453d40d081213ccbffa2aa86b0393"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 11: Transducers as Input Elements to Instrumentation Systems"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex11.1:pg-317"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find change in resistance\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 11-1 in Page 317\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "K =2 #Gauge factor \n",
+ "s = 1050 #stress in kg/cm**2\n",
+ "E = 2.1*10**6 #modulus of elasticity of steel in kg/cm**2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "strain = s/E #Hooke's law\n",
+ "change_in_resistance = K*strain\n",
+ "percentchange = change_in_resistance * 100\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"The change in resistance = \",round(change_in_resistance,3)\n",
+ "print \"The percentage change in resistance = \",round(percentchange,1),\"%\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The change in resistance = 0.001\n",
+ "# The percentage change in resistance = 0.1 % \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The change in resistance = 0.001\n",
+ "The percentage change in resistance = 0.1 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9931f7a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:35e2428d62ffd12f9aa6768ec790c12643a1c151cf26ec0bf1b75220b1f3f8dd"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 12:Analog and Digital Data Acquisition Systems"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex12.1:pg-360"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find percentage error\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 12-1 in Page 360\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "R = 1 #Resistance of the wire in ohm\n",
+ "R_L = 10*10**3 #Load resistance in ohm\n",
+ "I_supply = 50*10**-3 #power supply current in A\n",
+ "V_out = 1 #output of the amplifier in V\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "V_L = (V_out+(I_supply*R))*R_L/(2*R+R_L)\n",
+ "print \"The load voltage calculated = \",round(V_L,2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "percenterror = ceil((V_L -V_out)/V_L*100)\n",
+ "print \"The percentage error is about \",round(percenterror),\"%, which is unacceptable in most systems\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The load voltage calculated = 1.05\n",
+ "# The percentage error is about 5 %, which is unacceptable in most systems \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The load voltage calculated = 1.05\n",
+ "The percentage error is about 5.0 %, which is unacceptable in most systems\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..50e462df --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,238 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:7da8fa256cdbc53a73e82048dec92ae378065cdecb2b93cd68e82575348dba15"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 14:Fiber Optics Measurements"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14.1:pg-392"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find acceptance angle and numerical aperture\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 14-1 in Page 392\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "n_2 = 1.45 #Core index of refraction\n",
+ "n_1 = 1.47 #Cladding index of refraction\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "theta_c = math.acos(n_2/n_1)\n",
+ "theta_A = 2*math.asin(n_1*math.sin(theta_c))\n",
+ "NA = math.sqrt(n_1**2 -n_2**2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"The critical angle of the fiber =\",round(theta_c*180/math.pi,2),\"degree\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"The acceptance angle of the fiber =\",round(theta_A*180/math.pi,2),\" degree\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"The numerical aperture of the fiber = \",round(NA,3)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The critical angle of the fiber = 9.46 degree\n",
+ "# The acceptance angle of the fiber = 27.97 degree\n",
+ "# The numerical aperture of the fiber = 0.242 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The critical angle of the fiber = 9.46 degree\n",
+ "\n",
+ "The acceptance angle of the fiber = 27.97 degree\n",
+ "\n",
+ "The numerical aperture of the fiber = 0.242\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14.2:pg-393"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find loss in the fiber\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 14-2 in Page 393\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "NA_1 = 0.3 # numerical apertures of Source fiber\n",
+ "NA_2 = 0.242 #numerical apertures of receiving fiber\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "loss = 20*math.log10(NA_1/NA_2)\n",
+ "print \"The energy that is lost through the cladding of the receiving fiber = \",round(loss,2),\" dB\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The energy that is lost through the cladding of the receiving fiber = 1.87 dB \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The energy that is lost through the cladding of the receiving fiber = 1.87 dB\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14.3:pg-395"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find current developed in photodiode\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 14-3 in Page 395\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "h = 6.63*10**-34 #Planck's constant\n",
+ "c = 3*10**8 #Speed of light in m/s\n",
+ "Lambda = 1.3*10**-6 # photon wavelength in m\n",
+ "QE = 0.82 #Quantum efficiency\n",
+ "p = 75*10**-6 #Power in W\n",
+ "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge of an electron\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "e = h*c/Lambda\n",
+ "N = p/e\n",
+ "N_QE= QE*N\n",
+ "I = N_QE*q\n",
+ "print \"The current developed in a PIN photodiode = \",round(I,7),\" A\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The current developed in a PIN photodiode = 6.43e-05 A \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The current developed in a PIN photodiode = 6.43e-05 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex14.4:pg-401"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find elapsed time\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 14-4 in Page 401\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "n = 1.55 #index of refraction \n",
+ "c = 3*10**8 #speed of light in m/s\n",
+ "d = 1.4*10**3 #Distance in m\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "v = c/n\n",
+ "t = d/v\n",
+ "print \"t = \",round(t,7),\"s\"\n",
+ "print \"Since twice the time to reach the break is required for the reflection to arrive at the reflectometer,\"\n",
+ "print \"Hence the total elapsed time = \",round(2*t,8),\"s\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# t = 7.2e-06 s \n",
+ "# Since twice the time to reach the break is required for the reflection to arrive at the reflectometer, \n",
+ "# Hence the total elapsed time = 1.447e-005 s \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "t = 7.2e-06 s\n",
+ "Since twice the time to reach the break is required for the reflection to arrive at the reflectometer,\n",
+ "Hence the total elapsed time = 1.447e-05 s\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 21
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b8d9a428 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,850 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:378f7ba638588e9967d820c5fdb2d68cb7fcb0df3a9779d66b000d4f2aab3ac3"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 01: Measurement and Error"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.1:pg-3"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Average voltage Range of error\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-1 in Page 3\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "E_1 = 117.02 # Voltage observed by 1st observer is 117.02V\n",
+ "E_2 = 117.11 # Voltage observed by 2nd observer is 117.11V\n",
+ "E_3 = 117.08 # Voltage observed by 3rd observer is 117.08V\n",
+ "E_4 = 117.03 # Voltage observed by 4th observer is 117.03V\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "E_av = (E_1+E_2+E_3+E_4)/4\n",
+ "print \"(a) The average voltage, E_av =\",E_av,\"V\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "E_max = max (E_1,E_2,E_3,E_4) # Maximum value among the 4 nos\n",
+ "E_min = min (E_1,E_2,E_3,E_4) # Minimum value among the 4 nos\n",
+ "\n",
+ "range_1 = E_max - E_av # Range calculated using two different formulae\n",
+ "range_2 = E_av - E_min # Range calculated using two different formulae\n",
+ "\n",
+ "avg_range = (range_1+range_2)/2\n",
+ "print \"(b) The average range of error = +/-\",round(avg_range,2),\"V\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# (a) The average voltage, E_av = 117.06 V\n",
+ "# (b) The average range of error = +/- 0.05 V \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a) The average voltage, E_av = 117.06 V\n",
+ "(b) The average range of error = +/- 0.05 V\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.2:pg-4"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Total resistance\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-2 in Page 4\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "R_1 = 18.7 # The first resistance is 18.7ohm\n",
+ "R_2 = 3.624 # The second resistance is 3.624ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "R_T = R_1 + R_2 # formula to calculate total resistance in series\n",
+ "print \"The total resistance connected in series =\",R_T,\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"As one of the resistance is accurate to only tenths of an ohm, The result should be reduced to the nearest tenth. \\n Hence \"\n",
+ "print \"the total resistance is =\",round(R_T,1),\" ohm\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The total resistance connected in series = 22.324 ohm\n",
+ "# As one of the resistance is accurate to only tenths of an ohm, The result should be reduced to the nearest tenth. \n",
+ "# Hence the total resistance is = 22.3 ohm \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The total resistance connected in series = 22.324 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "As one of the resistance is accurate to only tenths of an ohm, The result should be reduced to the nearest tenth. \n",
+ " Hence \n",
+ "the total resistance is = 22.3 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.3:pg-4"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find voltage drop across resistor\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-3 in Page 4\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "I = 3.18 #Current flowing through the resistor = 3.18A\n",
+ "R = 35.68 # The value of resistor = 35.68ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations\n",
+ "E = I*R\n",
+ "print \"The voltage drop across the resistor = \",E,\"volts\"\n",
+ "print \"Since there are 3 significant figures involved in the multiplication, the result can be written only to a max of 3 significant figures\"\n",
+ "print \"Hence the voltage drop across the resistor = \",round(E),\" volts\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The voltage drop across the resistor = 113.4624 volts \n",
+ "# Since there are 3 significant figures involved in the multiplication, the result can be written only to a max of 3 significant figures \n",
+ "# Hence the voltage drop across the resistor = 113 volts \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The voltage drop across the resistor = 113.4624 volts\n",
+ "Since there are 3 significant figures involved in the multiplication, the result can be written only to a max of 3 significant figures\n",
+ "Hence the voltage drop across the resistor = 113.0 volts\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.4:pg-5"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find sum with range of doubt\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-4 in Page 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# let N_1 = X_1 +/- Y_1\n",
+ "# N_2 = X_2 +/- Y_2\n",
+ "X_1 = 826.0\n",
+ "Y_1 = 5\n",
+ "X_2 = 628.0\n",
+ "Y_2 = 3\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "X = (X_1 + X_2)\n",
+ "Y = (Y_1 + Y_2)\n",
+ "print \"SUM = \",X,\" +/- \",Y\n",
+ "doubt = Y/X*100\n",
+ "print \"The percentage range of doubt = +/-\",round(doubt,3)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# SUM = 1454 +/- 8\n",
+ "# The percentage range of doubt = +/-0.55% \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "SUM = 1454.0 +/- 8\n",
+ "The percentage range of doubt = +/- 0.55\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.5:pg-5"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find difference with range of doubt\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-5 in Page 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# let N_1 = X_1 +/- Y_1\n",
+ "# N_2 = X_2 +/- Y_2\n",
+ "X_1 = 826.0\n",
+ "Y_1 = 5\n",
+ "X_2 = 628\n",
+ "Y_2 = 3\n",
+ "\n",
+ "X = (X_1 - X_2)\n",
+ "Y = (Y_1 + Y_2)\n",
+ "print \"SUM = \",X,\" +/- \",Y\n",
+ "doubt = Y/X*100\n",
+ "print \"The percentage range of doubt = +/-\",round(doubt,3)\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# Difference = 198 +/- 8\n",
+ "# The percentage range of doubt = +/-4.04% \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "SUM = 198.0 +/- 8\n",
+ "The percentage range of doubt = +/- 4.04\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 19
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.6:pg-5"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find difference with range of doubt\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-6 in Page 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# let N_1 = X_1 +/- Y_1\n",
+ "# N_2 = X_2 +/- Y_2\n",
+ "X_1 = 462.0\n",
+ "Y_1 = 4\n",
+ "X_2 = 437.0\n",
+ "Y_2 = 4\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "X = (X_1 - X_2)\n",
+ "Y = (Y_1 + Y_2)\n",
+ "print \"SUM = \",X,\" +/- \",Y\n",
+ "doubt = Y/X*100\n",
+ "print \"The percentage range of doubt = +/-\",round(doubt,3)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# Difference = 25 +/- 8\n",
+ "# The percentage range of doubt = +/-32.00% \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "SUM = 25.0 +/- 8\n",
+ "The percentage range of doubt = +/- 32.0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 20
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.7:pg-6"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Apparent and actual resistance \n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-7 in Page 6\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "I_T = 5*(10**-3) # Reading of the milliammeter in ampere\n",
+ "V_T = 100 # Reading of the voltmeter in volt\n",
+ "sensitivity = 1000 # sensitivity of voltmeter in ohm/volt\n",
+ "scale = 150 # scale of the voltmeter\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "R_T = V_T / I_T # formula to calculate total circuit resistance\n",
+ "print \"(a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = \",R_T,\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "R_V = sensitivity * scale # calculating resistance of voltmeter\n",
+ "R_X = (R_T * R_V)/(R_V - R_T) # effective circuit resistance due to loading effect\n",
+ "print \"(b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = \",round(R_X,2),\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "percentage_error = (R_X - R_T)*100/ R_X\n",
+ "# %error = (actual-apparent)/ actual\n",
+ "print \"(c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = \",round(percentage_error,2),\"%\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "# (a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = 20000 ohm\n",
+ "# (b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = 23076.92 ohm\n",
+ "# (c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = 13.33% \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# The result shown in the textbook is printed incorrectly and does not match with the correct result\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = 20000.0 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "(b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = 23076.92 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "(c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = 13.33 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.8:pg-7"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Apparent and actual resistance \n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-8 in Page 7\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "I_T = 800*(10**-3) # Reading of the milliammeter in ampere\n",
+ "V_T = 40 # Reading of the voltmeter in volt\n",
+ "sensitivity = 1000 # sensitivity of voltmeter in ohm/volt\n",
+ "scale = 150 # scale of the voltmeter\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "R_T = V_T / I_T # formula to calculate total circuit resistance\n",
+ "print \"(a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = \",R_T,\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "R_V = sensitivity * scale # calculating resistance of voltmeter\n",
+ "R_X = (R_T * R_V)/(R_V - R_T) # effective circuit resistance due to loading effect\n",
+ "print \"(b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = \",round(R_X,2),\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "percentage_error = (R_X - R_T)*100/ R_X\n",
+ "# %error = (actual-apparent)/ actual\n",
+ "print \"(c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = \",round(percentage_error,2),\"%\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#result\n",
+ "# (a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = 50.00 ohm\n",
+ "# (b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = 50.02 ohm\n",
+ "# (c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = 0.03% \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# The result shown in the textbook is printed incorrectly and does not match with the correct result\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = 50.0 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "(b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = 50.02 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "(c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = 0.03 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 23
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.9:pg-9"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Arithmatic mean and deviation from mean\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-9 in Page 9\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# Independent current measurements taken by six observers\n",
+ "I_1 = 12.8*(10**-3)\n",
+ "I_2 = 12.2*(10**-3)\n",
+ "I_3 = 12.5*(10**-3)\n",
+ "I_4 = 13.1*(10**-3)\n",
+ "I_5 = 12.9*(10**-3)\n",
+ "I_6 = 12.4*(10**-3)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "arithmatic_mean = (I_1 +I_2 +I_3 +I_4 +I_5 +I_6)/6\n",
+ "print \"(a) The arithmatic mean of the observations =\",arithmatic_mean,\"A\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "d_1 = I_1 - arithmatic_mean\n",
+ "d_2 = I_2 - arithmatic_mean\n",
+ "d_3 = I_3 - arithmatic_mean\n",
+ "d_4 = I_4 - arithmatic_mean\n",
+ "d_5 = I_5 - arithmatic_mean\n",
+ "d_6 = I_6 - arithmatic_mean\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#deviation calculated using the formula d_n = x_n - arithmatic_mean\n",
+ "disp('(b) The deviations from the mean are:' )\n",
+ "print \"d_1 = \",d_1,\" A\\n d_2 = \",d_2,\" A\\n d_3 = \",d_3,\" A\\n d_4 = \", d_4,\" A\\n d_5 = \",d_5,\" A\\n d_6 =\",d_6,\" A\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# (a) The arithmatic mean of the observations =0.01265 A \n",
+ "# (b) The deviations from the mean are: \n",
+ "# d_1 = 0.00015 A\n",
+ "# d_2 = -0.00045 A\n",
+ "# d_3 = -0.00015 A\n",
+ "# d_4 = 0.00045 A\n",
+ "# d_5 = 0.00025 A\n",
+ "# d_6 = -0.00025 A\n",
+ " \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a) The arithmatic mean of the observations = 0.01265 A\n",
+ "(b) The deviations from the mean are:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "d_1 = 0.00015 A\n",
+ " d_2 = -0.00045 A\n",
+ " d_3 = -0.00015 A\n",
+ " d_4 = 0.00045 A\n",
+ " d_5 = 0.00025 A\n",
+ " d_6 = -0.00025 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 24
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.10:pg-10"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Average deviation\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-10 in Page 10\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# These are the data found out from the example_1-9\n",
+ "d_1 = 0.000150\n",
+ "d_2 = -0.000450\n",
+ "d_3 = -0.000150\n",
+ "d_4 = 0.000450\n",
+ "d_5 = 0.000250\n",
+ "d_6 = -0.000250\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "D = (abs(d_1) +abs(d_2) +abs(d_3) +abs(d_4) +abs(d_5) +abs(d_6))/6\n",
+ "print \"The average deviation, D = \",round(D,6),\"A\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The average deviation, D = 2.83e-004 A \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The average deviation, D = 0.000283 A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 32
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.11:pg-14"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Std deviation and Probable error \n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-11 in Page 14\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import numpy\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# let the 10 resistance measurements in ohm be taken as elements of matrix\n",
+ "x = [101.2,101.7,101.3,101.0,101.5,101.3,101.2,101.4,101.3,101.1]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "arithmatic_mean = numpy.mean(x)\n",
+ "sigma = numpy.std(x)\n",
+ "probable_error = 0.6745 * sigma\n",
+ "print \"(a) The arithmatic mean of the readings = \",arithmatic_mean,\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"(b) The standard deviation of the readings = \",round(sigma,1),\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"(c) The probable error of the readings = \",round(probable_error,2),\"ohm\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# (a) The arithmatic mean of the readings = 101.3 ohm\n",
+ "# (b) The standard deviation of the readings = 0.2 ohm\n",
+ "# (c) The probable error of the readings = 0.13 ohm \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a) The arithmatic mean of the readings = 101.3 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "(b) The standard deviation of the readings = 0.2 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "(c) The probable error of the readings = 0.13 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 37
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.12:pg-14"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Limiting error \n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-12 in Page 14\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "scale = 150\n",
+ "percentage_accuracy = 1/100 # accuracy of 1% full scale reading\n",
+ "V = 83 #voltage measured by instrument = 83 volt \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "limiting_error = percentage_accuracy * scale\n",
+ "print \"The magnitude of the limiting error = %0.1f V\\n\",limiting_error)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "percentage_error = limiting_error/V * 100\n",
+ "print \"The percentage limiting error = %0.2f percent\",percentage_error)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The magnitude of the limiting error = 1.5 V\n",
+ "# The percentage limiting error = 1.81 percent \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.13:pg-15"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find the maximum error\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-13 in Page 15\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# For the given tolerence of 0.1% \n",
+ "# highest value of resistor is 1.001 times the nominal value\n",
+ "# lowest value of resistor is 0.999 times the nominal value\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "V_out_max = 1.001 * 1.001/ 0.999\n",
+ "V_out_min = 0.999 * 0.999/ 1.003\n",
+ "total_var = 0.1 * 3 # total variation of the resultant voltage is sum of tolerences\n",
+ "print \"The total variation of the resultant voltage = +/- \",total_var,\"%\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The total variation of the resultant voltage = +/- 0.3 %\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The total variation of the resultant voltage = +/- 0.3 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 38
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex1.14:pg-16"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find limiting error\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 1-14 in Page 16\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# let I = X_1 +/- Y_1\n",
+ "# R = X_2 +/- Y_2\n",
+ "X_1 = 2.00\n",
+ "Y_1 = 0.5\n",
+ "X_2 = 100\n",
+ "Y_2 = 0.2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "P_1 = ((1+0.005)**2)*(1+0.002)\n",
+ "print \"For the worst possible combination of the values of current and resistance,\\nThe highest power dissipation becomes,\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"P = \",round(P_1,3),\" (I**2)*R Watts\"\n",
+ "P_2 = ((1-0.005)**2)*(1-0.002)\n",
+ "print \"For the lowest power dissipation.\\nP = \",round(P_2,3),\" (I**2)*R Watts\\n\"\n",
+ "lim_error = 2 * Y_1 + Y_2\n",
+ "print \"The limiting error = +/- \",lim_error,\"%\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# For the worst possible combination of the values of current and resistance,\n",
+ "# The highest power dissipation becomes,\n",
+ "# P = 1.012 (I**2)*R Watts\n",
+ "# For the lowest power dissipation.\n",
+ "# P = 0.988 (I**2)*R Watts\n",
+ "# The limiting error = +/- 1.2% \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "For the worst possible combination of the values of current and resistance,\n",
+ "The highest power dissipation becomes,\n",
+ "\n",
+ "P = 1.012 (I**2)*R Watts\n",
+ "For the lowest power dissipation.\n",
+ "P = 0.988 (I**2)*R Watts\n",
+ "\n",
+ "The limiting error = +/- 1.2 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 41
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
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+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:3fb09c0fd0a89152f5948cdf5eed31775a718eb29c5fc9edfb34ed6af2984184"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 02:Systems of Units of Measurement"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.1:pg-29"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To convert area in metre to feet\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 2-1 in Page 29\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "A_m = 5000 # area in metre**2 unit\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "A_ft = A_m * (1/0.3048)**2 # As 1ft = 0.3048m\n",
+ "print \"The area in feet = \",round(A_ft),\" sq.ft\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The area in feet = 53820 sq.ft \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The area in feet = 53820.0 sq.ft\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.2:pg-29"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To convert flux density to different units\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 2-2 in Page 29\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "B_cm = 20 # flux density in maxwell/sq.cm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "\n",
+ "B_in = B_cm *2.54**2 # converting to lines/sq.inch\n",
+ "print \"The flux density in lines/sq.in =\",round(B_in),\" lines/(in**2)\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The flux density in lines/sq.in = 129 lines/(in**2) \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The flux density in lines/sq.in = 129.0 lines/(in**2)\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.3:pg-29"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To convert velocity to a different unit\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 2-3 in Page 29\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "c_s = 2.997925 * 10**8 # velocity in m/s\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "c_hr = 2.997925 *10**8* 1/10**3* 3.6*10**3 # velocity in km/hr\n",
+ "print \"The velocity of light in km/hr = \",\"{:.3E}\".format(c_hr),\" km/hr\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result \n",
+ "# The velocity of light in km/hr = 1.079e+009 km/hr "
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The velocity of light in km/hr = 1.079E+09 km/hr\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.4:pg-29"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To convert density to a different unit\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 2-4 in Page 29\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "Density_ft = 62.5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calcualtions\n",
+ "Density_in = 62.5 * (1/12.0)**3\n",
+ "Density_cm = Density_in * 453.6 * (1/2.54)**3\n",
+ "print \"(a) The density of water in lb/cubic inch = \",round(Density_in,6),\" lb/(in**3).\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"(b) The density of water in g/cubic cm = \",round(Density_cm,6), \"g/(cm**3).\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# (a) The density of water in lb/cubic inch = 0.036169 lb/(in**3).\n",
+ "# (b) The density of water in g/cubic cm = 1.001171 g/(cm**3). \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a) The density of water in lb/cubic inch = 0.036169 lb/(in**3).\n",
+ "\n",
+ "(b) The density of water in g/cubic cm = 1.001171 g/(cm**3).\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex2.5:pg-30"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To convert speed limit to a different unit\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 2-5 in Page 30\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "speed_km = 60 # speed limit in km/hr\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "speed_m = 60 *10**3 *10**2 *(1/2.54) *(1/12.0)*(1.0/5280)\n",
+ "speed_ft = 37.3 *5280 *(1/(3.6*10**3))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"(a) The speed limit in m/hr = \",round(speed_m,1),\" mi/hr\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"(b) The speed limit in ft/s = \",round(speed_ft,1),\" ft/s\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# (a) The speed limit in m/hr = 37.3 mi/hr\n",
+ "# (b) The speed limit in ft/s = 54.7 ft/s \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#The answer given in textbook is printed incorrectly and does not match with calculated answer\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a) The speed limit in m/hr = 37.3 mi/hr\n",
+ "\n",
+ "(b) The speed limit in ft/s = 54.7 ft/s\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..24c0b710 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:64806c92fa281af49163b9223c9066fa5ecaf4c15607a74619b7aa4d692f5ef8"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "**Chapter 04:Electromechanical Indicating Instruments"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex4.1:pg-56"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find Shunt resistance required\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 4-1 in Page 56\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "I_m = 1*(10.0**-3) #Full scale deflection of the movement in ampere\n",
+ "R_m = 100.0 #Internal resistance of the movement(the coil) in ohm\n",
+ "I = 100.0*(10**-3) #Full scale of the ammeter including the shunt in Ampere\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "I_s = I - I_m # calculating current through shunt\n",
+ "R_s = I_m * R_m/ I_s #calculating shunt to be added\n",
+ "print \"The value of the shunt resistance required, R_s =\",round(R_s,2),\"ohm\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The value of the shunt resistance required, R_s = 1.01 ohm\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The value of the shunt resistance required, R_s = 1.01 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "**Ex4.2:pg-57"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To design Ayrton shunt\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 4-2 in Page 57\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "I_1 = 1 #Full scale currents of the ammeter in amp\n",
+ "I_2 = 5\n",
+ "I_3 = 10\n",
+ "R_m = 50 #Internal resistance of the movement(the coil) in ohm\n",
+ "I_m = 1*(10**-3) #Full scale deflection of the movement in ampere\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "# On the 1-A range: \n",
+ "I_s1 = I_1 - I_m # calculating current through shunt\n",
+ "#Using the eq. R_s = I_m * R_m/ I_s\n",
+ "#1 R_a +R_b +R_c = I_m * R_m/ I_s # As (R_a +R_b +R_c) are parallel with R_m\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# On the 5-A range\n",
+ "I_s2 = I_2 - I_m\n",
+ "#2 R_a +R_b = I_m * (R_c +R_m)/ I_s # As (R_a+R_b) in parallel with (R_c+R_m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# On the 10-A range\n",
+ "I_s3 = I_3 - I_m\n",
+ "#3 R_a = I_m * (R_b +R_c +R_m)/ I_s # As R_a is parallel with (R_b +R_c +R_m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Solving the 3 simultaneous linear equations\n",
+ "function y = rr(R)\n",
+ "y[0]= R[0] +R[1] +R[2] - (I_m * R_m/ I_s1)\n",
+ "y[1]= R[0] +R[1] -(I_m * (R[2] +R_m)/ I_s2)\n",
+ "y[2]= R[0] -[I_m * (R[1] +R[2] +R_m)/ I_s3)\n",
+ "endfunction\n",
+ "\n",
+ "answer = fsolve([0.10.10.1],rr)\n",
+ "R_a = answer([0])\n",
+ "R_b = answer([1])\n",
+ "R_c = answer([2])\n",
+ "\n",
+ "disp('The different resistors used for the ayrton shunt for different ranges are:')\n",
+ "print \"R_a = \",R_a,\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"R_b = \",R_b,\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"R_c = \",R_c,\" ohm\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The different resistors used for the ayrton shunt for different ranges are: \n",
+ "# R_a = 0.005005 ohm\n",
+ "# R_b = 0.005005 ohm\n",
+ "# R_c = 0.040040 ohm \n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To design multirange dc voltmeter\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 4-3 in Page 60\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "R_m = 100 # internal resistance of movement\n",
+ "I_fsd = 1*(10**-3) #full-scale current in Amp\n",
+ "V_1 = 10 #different ranges in volt\n",
+ "V_2 = 50\n",
+ "V_3 = 250\n",
+ "V_4 = 500\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#For the 10-V range\n",
+ "R_T = V_1 / I_fsd\n",
+ "R_4 = R_T - R_m\n",
+ "print \"The value of the resistance R_4 = \",R_4,\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#For the 50-V range\n",
+ "R_T = V_2 / I_fsd\n",
+ "R_3 = R_T - (R_4 +R_m)\n",
+ "print \"The value of the resistance R_3 = \",R_3/1000,\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#For the 250-V range\n",
+ "R_T = V_3 / I_fsd\n",
+ "R_2 = R_T -(R_3 +R_4 +R_m)\n",
+ "print \"The value of the resistance R_2 = %dk ohm\\n\",R_2/1000)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#For the 500-V range\n",
+ "R_T = V_4 / I_fsd\n",
+ "R_1 = R_T - (R_2 +R_3 +R_4 +R_m)\n",
+ "print \"The value of the resistance R_1 = %dk ohm\",R_1/1000)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The value of the resistance R_4 = 9900 ohm\n",
+ "# The value of the resistance R_3 = 40k ohm\n",
+ "# The value of the resistance R_2 = 200k ohm\n",
+ "# The value of the resistance R_1 = 250k ohm \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..203a765e --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:e254c8288fbd2f2cd14434e82e95f71176cc32f312efb578ff8980e82a33844f"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 5:Bridge Measurements"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5.1:Pg-101"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find deflection caused by the given unbalance\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 5-1 in Page 101\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# Resistances of the 4 arms in ohm\n",
+ "R_1 = 1000.0\n",
+ "R_2 = 100.0\n",
+ "R_3 = 200.0\n",
+ "R_4 = 2005.0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "E = 5 # battery EMF in volt\n",
+ "S_I = 10*(10**-3)/(10**-6) #Current sensitivity in m/A\n",
+ "R_g = 100.0 #Internal resistance of galvanometer in ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations are made wrt fig 5-3 in page 103\n",
+ "#Bridge balance occurs if arm BC has a resistance of 2000 ohm. The diagram shows arm BC has as a resistance of 2005 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#To calculate the current in the galvanometer, the ckt is thevenised wrt terminals B and D.\n",
+ "#The potenttial from B to D, with the galvanometer removed is the Thevenin voltage\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# E_TH = E_AD - E_AB \n",
+ "\n",
+ "E_TH = E * ((R_2/(R_2+R_3)) - (R_1/ (R_1+R_4)))\n",
+ "R_TH = ((R_2 * R_3/(R_2+R_3)) + (R_1 * R_4/ (R_1+R_4)))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#When the galvanometer is now connected to the output terminals, The current through the galvanometer is\n",
+ "\n",
+ "I_g = E_TH /(R_TH +R_g)\n",
+ "d = I_g * S_I\n",
+ "print \"The deflection of the galvanometer = \",round(d*1000,2),\" mm\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The deflection of the galvanometer = 33.26 mm \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The deflection of the galvanometer = 33.26 mm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5.2:pg-102"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To check the capability of detecting unbalance\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 5-2 in Page 102\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# Resistances of the 4 arms in ohm\n",
+ "R_1 = 1000.0\n",
+ "R_2 = 100.0\n",
+ "R_3 = 200.0\n",
+ "R_4 = 2005\n",
+ "\n",
+ "E = 5 # battery EMF in volt\n",
+ "S_I = 1*(10**-3)/(10**-6) #Current sensitivity in m/A\n",
+ "R_g = 500 #Internal resistance of galvanometer in ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations are made wrt fig 5-3 in page 103\n",
+ "#Bridge balance occurs if arm BC has a resistance of 2000 ohm. The diagram shows arm BC has as a resistance of 2005 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#To calculate the current in the galvanometer, the ckt is thevenised wrt terminals B and D.\n",
+ "#The potenttial from B to D, with the galvanometer removed is the Thevenin voltage\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# E_TH = E_AD - E_AB \n",
+ "\n",
+ "E_TH = E * ((R_2/(R_2+R_3)) - (R_1/ (R_1+R_4)))\n",
+ "R_TH = ((R_2 * R_3/(R_2+R_3)) + (R_1 * R_4/ (R_1+R_4)))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#When the galvanometer is now connected to the output terminals, The current through the galvanometer is\n",
+ "\n",
+ "I_g = E_TH /(R_TH +R_g)\n",
+ "d = I_g * S_I\n",
+ "print \"The deflection of the galvanometer = \",round(d*1000,2),\" mm\"\n",
+ "print 'Given that galvanometer is capable of detecting a deflection of 1mm'\n",
+ "print 'Hence looking at the result,it can be seen that this galvanometer produces a deflection that can be easily observed'\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The deflection of the galvanometer = 2.247 mm \n",
+ "# Given that galvanometer is capable of detecting a deflection of 1mm \n",
+ " \n",
+ "# Hence looking at the result,it can be seen that this galvanometer produces a deflection that can be easily observed \n",
+ " \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The deflection of the galvanometer = 2.25 mm\n",
+ "Given that galvanometer is capable of detecting a deflection of 1mm\n",
+ "Hence looking at the result,it can be seen that this galvanometer produces a deflection that can be easily observed\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5.3:Pg-111"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# To find the unknown impedence\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 5-3 in Page 111\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# The given polar forms in textbook is represented in rect form\n",
+ "Z_1 = 17.36482 +1j *98.48078\n",
+ "Z_2 = 250\n",
+ "Z_3 = 346.4102 +1j *200\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "#The first condition for bridge balance is Z_1*Z_4 = Z_2*Z_3\n",
+ "mod_Z_4 = (abs(Z_2)*abs(Z_3))/abs(Z_1)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#The second condition for bridge balance requires that sum of the phase angles of opposite arms be equal\n",
+ "theta_Z_4 = math.atan(Z_2.imag)+math.atan(Z_3.imag)-math.atan(Z_1.imag)*180/math.pi\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"The impedence of the unknown arm =\",round(mod_Z_4),\" ohm /_ \",round(theta_Z_4),\" deg\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"Here the magnitude of impedence is 1000 and phase angle is 50 in degrees\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"The above value indicates that we are dealing with a capacitive element, possibly consisting of a series combination of a resistor and capacitance\"\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The impedence of the unknown arm = 1000 ohm /_ -50 deg\n",
+ "# Here the magnitude of impedence is 1000 and phase angle is 50 in degrees\n",
+ "# The above value indicates that we are dealing with a capacitive element, possibly consisting of a series combination of a resistor and capacitance \n",
+ " \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The impedence of the unknown arm = 1000.0 ohm /_ -88.0 deg\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Here the magnitude of impedence is 1000 and phase angle is 50 in degrees\n",
+ "\n",
+ "The above value indicates that we are dealing with a capacitive element, possibly consisting of a series combination of a resistor and capacitance\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5.4:pg-112"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find the unknown impedence\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 5-4 in Page 112\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# The notations are wrt to the figure 5-10 in page 109\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Arm AB\n",
+ "R_1 = 450\n",
+ "#Arm BC\n",
+ "R_2 = 300\n",
+ "C = 0.265 *(10**-6)\n",
+ "#Arm DA\n",
+ "R_3 = 200\n",
+ "L = 15.9*(10**-3)\n",
+ "f = 1000\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ "Z_1 = 450\n",
+ "Z_2 = R_2 - 1j *floor(1/(w*C))\n",
+ "Z_3 = R_3 + 1j*ceil(w*L)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Z_4 = Z_1*Z_3/Z_2\n",
+ "print \"The impedence of the unknown arm = \",round(imag(Z_4)),\" ohm\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"The result indicates that Z_4 is a pure inductance with an inductive reactance of 150 ohm at a frequency of 1 khz.\\n\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "L_ans = imag(Z_4)/w\n",
+ "print \"The inductance present in the arm CD = \",round(L_ans*1000,1),\"m H\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The impedence of the unknown arm = 150i ohm\n",
+ "# The result indicates that Z_4 is a pure inductance with an inductive reactance of 150 ohm at a frequency of 1 khz.\n",
+ "# The inductance present in the arm CD = 23.9m H \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The impedence of the unknown arm = 150.0 ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "The result indicates that Z_4 is a pure inductance with an inductive reactance of 150 ohm at a frequency of 1 khz.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "The inductance present in the arm CD = 23.9 m H\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex5.5:pg-119"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To balance the unbalanced bridge\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 5-5 in Page 119\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "Z_1 = -1000j\n",
+ "Z_2 = 500\n",
+ "Z_3 = 1000\n",
+ "Z_4 = 100+500j\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# The balance is not possible with this condition as theta_1+theta_4 will be slightly negative than theta_2+theta3\n",
+ "# Balance can be achieved by 2 methods:\n",
+ "print \"First option is to modify Z_1 so that its phase angle is decreased to less than 90deg by placing a resistor in parallel with the capacitor.\"\n",
+ "# The resistance R_1 can be determined by the standard approach\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "Y_1 = Z_4/(Z_2*Z_3)\n",
+ "#Also,\n",
+ "# Y_1 = (1/R) + %i/1000\n",
+ "# equating both the equations and solving for R_1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "R_1 = 1/(Y_1-(1j/1000 ))\n",
+ "print \"The value of the resistor R_1 in parallel with capacitor = \",R_1.real,\" ohm\\n\",\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# It should be noted that the addition of R_1 upsets the first balance condition as the magnitude of Z_1 is changed\n",
+ "# Hence the variable R_3 should be adjusted to compensate this effect\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print 'The second option is to modify the phase angle of arm 2 or arm 3 by adding series capacitor'\n",
+ "Z_3_1 = Z_1 *Z_4/Z_2\n",
+ "# substituting for the component values and solving for X_C yeilds\n",
+ "\n",
+ "X_C = abs(1000- Z_3_1)/-1j\n",
+ "print \"The value of the reactance of the capacitor used, X_C = \",X_C.imag,\" ohm\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#In this case the magnitude of the Z_3 is increased so that the first balance condition is changed\n",
+ "#A small adjustment of R_3 is necessary to restore balance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# First option is to modify Z_1 so that its phase angle is decreased to less than 90deg by placing a resistor in parallel with the capacitor. \n",
+ "# The value of the resistor R_1 in parallel with capacitor = 5000 ohm\n",
+ " \n",
+ "# The second option is to modify the phase angle of arm 2 or arm 3 by adding series capacitor \n",
+ "# The value of the reactance of the capacitor used, X_C = 200 ohm \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "First option is to modify Z_1 so that its phase angle is decreased to less than 90deg by placing a resistor in parallel with the capacitor.\n",
+ "The value of the resistor R_1 in parallel with capacitor = 5000.0 ohm\n",
+ "The second option is to modify the phase angle of arm 2 or arm 3 by adding series capacitor\n",
+ "The value of the reactance of the capacitor used, X_C = 200.0 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c47588e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,321 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:bf5e1ba8fe50db5d826f3aa4aa6f0fbfe2110f01141414923f54b110cd4d507c"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 6:Electronic Instruments for Measuring Basic Parameters"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.3:pg-144"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find the maximum time \n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 6-3 in Page 144\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "R = 100*(10**3) # Value of resistance in ohm\n",
+ "C = 0.1*(10**-6) # The value of integrating capacitor in F\n",
+ "V_ref = 2 # The reference voltage in V\n",
+ "V_out = 10 # The maximum limit of the output in V\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "T = R*C\n",
+ "print \"The integrator time constant = \",T,\" s\"\n",
+ "V_s = V_ref/T #Unit is V/s\n",
+ "V = 1/V_s\n",
+ "print \"Therefore the integrator output = \",V,\" s/V \\nTherefore to integrate 10V \"\n",
+ "T_max = V*V_out #The max time the ref voltage can be integrated\n",
+ "print \"The time required = \",T_max,\" s\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The integrator time constant = 0.010 s\n",
+ "# Therefore the integrator output = 0.005 s/V \n",
+ "# Therefore to integrate 10V \n",
+ "# The time required = 0.0500 s \n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The integrator time constant = 0.01 s\n",
+ "Therefore the integrator output = 0.005 s/V \n",
+ "Therefore to integrate 10V \n",
+ "The time required = 0.05 s\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 21
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.4:pg-162"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find the distributed capacitance\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 6-4 in Page 162\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# Frequency measurements in Hz\n",
+ "f_1 = 2*10**6\n",
+ "f_2 = 4*10**6\n",
+ "# Value of tuning capacitor in F\n",
+ "C_1 = 460*10**-12\n",
+ "C_2 = 100*10**-12\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "C_d = (C_1-(4*C_2))/3\n",
+ "print \"C_d = \",round(C_d,13),\" F\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = \",round(C_d*10**12,1),\" pF\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# C_d = 2E-011 F\n",
+ "# i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = 20 pF \n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C_d = 2e-11 F\n",
+ "\n",
+ "i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = 20.0 pF\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.5:pg-162"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find the self capacitance\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 6-5 in Page 162\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "# Values of frequencies in Hz\n",
+ "f_1 = 2*10**6\n",
+ "f_2 = 5*10**6\n",
+ "# Values of the tuning capacitors in F\n",
+ "C_1 = 450*10**-12\n",
+ "C_2 = 60*10**-12\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Using the equation f = 1/(2*%pi*sqrt(L*(C_2+C_d)))\n",
+ "#Since f_2 = 2.5*f_1\n",
+ "#Equating & reducing the equations\n",
+ "# 1/(C_2 +C_d) = 6.25/(C_1 +C_d)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "C_d = (C_1 -6.25*C_2)/5.25\n",
+ "print \"C_d = \",round(C_d,13),\" F\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = \",round(C_d*10**12,1),\" pF\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# C_d = 1.43E-011 F\n",
+ "# i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = 14.3 pF \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "C_d = 1.43e-11 F\n",
+ "\n",
+ "i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = 14.3 pF\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.6:pg-163"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find percentage error\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 6-6 in Page 163\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "R = 10 #Resistance of the coil in ohm\n",
+ "f = 1*10**6 #The oscillator frequency in Hz\n",
+ "C = 65*10**-12 #The value of resonating capacitor in F\n",
+ "R_i = 0.02 #The value of the insertion resistor in ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ "Q_e = 1/(w*C*R)\n",
+ "print \"The effective Q of the coil = \",round(Q_e,1),\"\\n\"\n",
+ "Q_i = 1/(w*C*(R+R_i))\n",
+ "print \"The indicated Q of the coil = \",round(Q_i,1),\"\\n\"\n",
+ "percenterror = (Q_e - Q_i)/Q_e*100\n",
+ "print \"The percentage error is = \",round(percenterror,1),\" %\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The effective Q of the coil = 244.9\n",
+ "# The indicated Q of the coil = 244.4\n",
+ "# The percentage error is = 0.2 % \n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The effective Q of the coil = 244.9 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "The indicated Q of the coil = 244.4 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "The percentage error is = 0.2 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex6.7:pg-163"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find percentage error\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 6-7 in Page 163\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "R = 0.1 #Resistance of the coil in ohm\n",
+ "f = 40*10**6 #The frequency at resonance in Hz\n",
+ "C = 135*10**-12 #The value of tuning capacitor in F\n",
+ "R_i = 0.02 #The value of the insertion resistor in ohm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "w = 2*math.pi*f\n",
+ "Q_e = 1/(w*C*R)\n",
+ "print \"The effective Q of the coil = \",ceil(Q_e),\"\\n\"\n",
+ "Q_i = 1/(w*C*(R+R_i))\n",
+ "print \"The indicated Q of the coil = \",ceil(Q_i),\"\\n\"\n",
+ "percenterror = (Q_e - Q_i)/Q_e*100\n",
+ "print \"The percentage error is = \",ceil(percenterror),\" %\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The effective Q of the coil = 295\n",
+ "# The indicated Q of the coil = 246\n",
+ "# The percentage error is = 17 % \n",
+ " \n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The effective Q of the coil = 295.0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "The indicated Q of the coil = 246.0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "The percentage error is = 17.0 %\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..88aa47b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:e7340f8f28dc1125639b884b427c98c7b76b7b5253f0bd98a418a9d51e4810f2"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 7:Oscilloscopes\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex7.1:pg-184"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find minimum distance\n",
+ "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n",
+ "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n",
+ "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n",
+ "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n",
+ "# Example 7-1 in Page 184\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "D = 4*10**-2 #Deflection on the screen in m\n",
+ "G = 100*100 # Deflection factor in V/m\n",
+ "E_a = 2000 #Accelarating potential in V\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "# wkt. L = 2*d*E_a/(G*I_d)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Also L/D = I_d / d\n",
+ "#Therefore\n",
+ "\n",
+ "L = math.sqrt(2*D*E_a/G)\n",
+ "print \"The distance from the deflection plates to the oscilloscope tube screen = \",round(L,3),\"m\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "# The distance from the deflection plates to the oscilloscope tube screen = 0.126 m \n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The distance from the deflection plates to the oscilloscope tube screen = 0.126 m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0655eef8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:349ae7afdee1d1b3c3dc4037b8dc3bb200738707d16369e5edfee0d065859f9b"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 9: Signal Analysis"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9.1:pg-277"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find dynamic range of spectrum analyser\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "I_p = +25.0; #Third order intercept point in dBm\n",
+ "MDS = -85.0; #noise level in dBm\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "\n",
+ "dynamic_range = 2/3.0*(I_p -MDS);\n",
+ "print \"The dynamic range of the spectrum analyser =\",int(dynamic_range),\" dB\"\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The dynamic range of the spectrum analyser = 73 dB\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9.2:pg-277"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find minimum detectable signal\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "NF = 20.0; #Noise figure in dB\n",
+ "BW = 1*10.0**3; #Bandwidth in Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "MDS=-114+10*math.log10((BW/(1*10.0**6)))+NF\n",
+ "print \"The minimum detectable signal of the spectrum analyser = \",int(MDS),\" dBm\"\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The minimum detectable signal of the spectrum analyser = -124 dBm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Ex9.3:pg-285"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# To find dynamic range and total frequency display\n",
+ "\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "# Given data\n",
+ "T = 4.0; #Sample window in s\n",
+ "f_s = 20*10.0**3; # sample frequency in Hz\n",
+ "N = 10.0; #no of bits\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "f_r = 1/T;\n",
+ "f_h = f_s/2.0; \n",
+ "R_d = 20*math.log10(2.0**N);\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"The ratio of the spectral calculation = \",round(f_r,2),\" Hz\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"The maximum calculated spectral frequency = \",int(f_h),\" Hz\\n\"\n",
+ "print \"The dynamic range = \",int(R_d),\" dB\"\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The ratio of the spectral calculation = 0.25 Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ "The maximum calculated spectral frequency = 10000 Hz\n",
+ "\n",
+ "The dynamic range = 60 dB\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
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+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:2fe5d303c17886b921f7fce80c636f86023d9235c3c8b0a7cac768a73d655baa"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "CHAPTER09 : NETWORK FUNCTION"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E24 - Pg 608"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " # EXAMPLE 9-24 PG NO-608-609\n",
+ "import math \n",
+ "L=20.; # INDUCTANCE\n",
+ "R=2.*L; # RESISTANCE\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('i) Resistance (R) is =',R,'ohm');\n",
+ "Wo=math.sqrt(101.);\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('ii) Wo (Wo) is =',Wo,'rad/sec');\n",
+ "Q=(Wo*L)/R;\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %('iii) Q is = ',Q);\n",
+ "BW=Wo/Q;\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('iv) BANDWIDTH (BW) is = ',BW,' rad/sec ');\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "i) Resistance (R) is = 40.00 ohm\n",
+ "ii) Wo (Wo) is = 10.05 rad/sec\n",
+ "iii) Q is = 5.02\n",
+ "iv) BANDWIDTH (BW) is = 2.00 rad/sec \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E26 - Pg 609"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " # EXAMPLE 9-26 PG NO-609-610\n",
+ "C=10.** -6.;\n",
+ "X=5.*10.** 6.;\n",
+ "L=1./(C*X);\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('i) INDUCTAR (L) is =',L,' H ');\n",
+ "R=10.*L;\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('ii) Resistance (R) is =',R,' ohm ');\n",
+ "W=2.236*10.** 3.;\n",
+ "Q=(W*L)/R;\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %('iii) (Q) is = ',Q);\n",
+ "BW=W/Q;\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('iv) Band Width (BW) is =',BW,' rad/sec ');\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "i) INDUCTAR (L) is = 0.20 H \n",
+ "ii) Resistance (R) is = 2.00 ohm \n",
+ "iii) (Q) is = 223.60\n",
+ "iv) Band Width (BW) is = 10.00 rad/sec \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E32 - Pg 618"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " # Example 9-32 PG NO 618-619\n",
+ "import math, cmath\n",
+ "P1=1-1j*50;\n",
+ "P2=1+1j*150;\n",
+ "Z1=0+0j*50;\n",
+ "I=(0.2*Z1)/(P1*P2);\n",
+ "print 'i) Current (I) is = ',I,'A'\n",
+ "L=5.; \n",
+ "R=10.;\n",
+ "C=2.*10.** -5.;\n",
+ "Wo=1/math.sqrt(L*C);\n",
+ "print 'ii) Wo (Wo) is = ',Wo,' rad/sec '\n",
+ "Q=(Wo*L)/R;\n",
+ "print 'iii) Q (Q) is = ',Q;\n",
+ "BW=Wo/Q;\n",
+ "print 'ii) Band Width (BW) is = ',BW,' rad/sec '\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "i) Current (I) is = 0j A\n",
+ "ii) Wo (Wo) is = 100.0 rad/sec \n",
+ "iii) Q (Q) is = 50.0\n",
+ "ii) Band Width (BW) is = 2.0 rad/sec \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E37 - Pg 623"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " # EXAMPLE 9-37 PG NO 623-624\n",
+ "C=1./8.5; # Capacitor\n",
+ "L=1./(17.*C); # Inductar\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('ii) Inductar (L) is = ',L,'H');\n",
+ "R=2.*L; # Resistance\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('ii) Resistance (R) is = ',R,' ohm ');\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "ii) Inductar (L) is = 0.50 H\n",
+ "ii) Resistance (R) is = 1.00 ohm \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E38 - Pg 624"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " # EXAMPLE 9-38 PG NO=624-625\n",
+ "C=1./9.; # CAPACITOR\n",
+ "X=2.; # R/L=X\n",
+ "Y=6-X; # G/C\n",
+ "G=4.*C;\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f %s' %('i) G (G) = ',G,' ohm')\n",
+ "L=0.9;\n",
+ "R=1.8;\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "i) G (G) = 0.44 ohm\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E46 - Pg 630"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " # EXAMPLE 9-46 PG NO 630-631\n",
+ "import cmath\n",
+ "ZA=5+1j*3;\n",
+ "YA=1./ZA;\n",
+ "print 'i) Admittance (YA) is = ',YA,' siemens ';\n",
+ "V=100.; # VOLTAGE\n",
+ "IA=V*YA;\n",
+ "print 'ii) Current (IA) is = ',IA,' A ';\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "i) Admittance (YA) is = (0.147058823529-0.0882352941176j) siemens \n",
+ "ii) Current (IA) is = (14.7058823529-8.82352941176j) A \n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E50 - Pg 632"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " # EXAMPLE 9-50 PG NO-632\n",
+ "I1=17.39-1j*4.66; # CURRENT\n",
+ "I2=9+1j*15.68; # CURRENT\n",
+ "I3=-1j*10.95; # CURRENT\n",
+ "I=I1+I2+I3;\n",
+ "print 'i)CURRENT (I) = ',I,' A'\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "i)CURRENT (I) = (26.39+0.07j) A\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E56 - Pg 636"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " # example 9-56 pg no-636\n",
+ "Z1=8.05+1j*2.156; # IMPEDANCE\n",
+ "XL=2.155;\n",
+ "W=5000;\n",
+ "L=XL/W;\n",
+ "print 'i)INDUCTANCE (L) = ',L,' H'\n",
+ "Z2=4.166-1j*7.216; # IMPEDANCE\n",
+ "Xc=7.216;\n",
+ "C=1/(W*Xc);\n",
+ "print 'ii)CAPACITOR (C) = ',C,' F'\n",
+ "D=11.708; # DIAMETER\n",
+ "XL1=12.81;\n",
+ "L1=XL1/W;\n",
+ "print 'i) INDUCTANCE (L1) = ',L1,' H'\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "i)INDUCTANCE (L) = 0.000431 H\n",
+ "ii)CAPACITOR (C) = 2.77161862528e-05 F\n",
+ "i) INDUCTANCE (L1) = 0.002562 H\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7b0498ca --- /dev/null +++ b/sample_notebooks/Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 2 - Ionization" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1: pg 22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the breakdown strength of air for 0.1mm air gap is (kV/cm.) = 43.447\n", + "\n", + "the breakdown strength of air for 20 cm air gap is (kV/cm.) = 25.58\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.1\n", + "#calculation of breakdown strength of air\n", + "\n", + "#given data\n", + "d1=0.1#length(in cm) of the gap\n", + "d2=20#length(in cm) of the gap\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "#from equation of breakdown strength\n", + "E1=24.22+(6.08/(d1**(1./2)))#for gap d1\n", + "E2=24.22+(6.08/(d2**(1./2)))#for gap d2\n", + "#results\n", + "print 'the breakdown strength of air for 0.1mm air gap is (kV/cm.) = ',round(E1,3)\n", + "print '\\nthe breakdown strength of air for 20 cm air gap is (kV/cm.) = ',round(E2,3)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 2: pg 23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Townsend primary ioniztion coefficient is (/cm torr) = 7.675\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.2\n", + "#calculation of Townsend primary ionization coefficient\n", + "from math import log\n", + "#given data\n", + "d1=0.4#gap distance(in cm)\n", + "d2=0.1#gap distance(in cm)\n", + "I1=5.5*10**-8#value of current(in A)\n", + "I2=5.5*10**-9#value of current(in A)\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "#from equation of current at anode I=I0*exp(alpha*d)\n", + "alpha=(log(I1/I2))*(1/(d1-d2))\n", + "#results\n", + "print 'Townsend primary ioniztion coefficient is (/cm torr) = ',round(alpha,3)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3: pg 25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the value of Townsend secondary ionization coefficient is 9.994e-04\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.3\n", + "#calculation of Townsend secondary ionization coefficient\n", + "from math import exp\n", + "#given data\n", + "d=0.9#gap distance(in cm)\n", + "alpha=7.676#value of alpha\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "#from condition of breakdown.....gama*exp(alpha*d)=1\n", + "gama=1/(exp(d*alpha))\n", + "#results\n", + "print '%s %.3e' %('the value of Townsend secondary ionization coefficient is ',gama)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4: pg 26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the value of breakdown voltage of the spark gap is (V) = 5626.0\n", + "The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.4\n", + "#calculation of breakdown voltage of a spark gap\n", + "from math import log\n", + "#given data\n", + "A=15#value of A(in per cm)\n", + "B=360#value of B(in per cm)\n", + "d=0.1#spark gap(in cm)\n", + "gama=1.5*10**-4#value of gama\n", + "p=760#value of pressure of gas(in torr)\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "#from equation of breakdown voltage\n", + "V=(B*p*d)/(log((A*p*d)/(log(1+(1/gama)))))\n", + "\n", + "#results\n", + "print 'the value of breakdown voltage of the spark gap is (V) = ',round(V)\n", + "print 'The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook'\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5: pg 26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the value of minimum spark over voltage is (V) = 481.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.5\n", + "#calculation of minimum spark over voltage\n", + "from math import log\n", + "#given data\n", + "A=15#value of A(in per cm)\n", + "B=360#value of B(in per cm)\n", + "gama=10**-4#value of gama\n", + "e=2.178#value of constant\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "Vbmin=(B*e/A)*(log(1+(1/gama)))\n", + "\n", + "#results\n", + "print 'the value of minimum spark over voltage is (V) = ',round(Vbmin)\n" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python 2", + "language": "python", + "name": "python2" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..809dc7f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,419 @@ +{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:896619f98735f380fd7764ca92373e979d96248275ce12cd21f86086d05b2351"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "CHAPTER02 : THE CIRCUIT ELEMENTS"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E1a - Pg 21"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#1a\n",
+ "V = 1.; # voltage supply \n",
+ "R = 10.; # resistance in ohms \n",
+ "I = V/R # current flowing through R\n",
+ "print '%s' %(\"a)\")\n",
+ "print '%s %.f' %(\"voltage across the resistor (in volts)=\",V)\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %(\"current flowing through the resistor (in amps) =\",I)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#1b\n",
+ "V = 1.; # voltage supply \n",
+ "R1 = 10.; # first resistance in ohms \n",
+ "R2 = 5.; # resistance of the second resistor \n",
+ "Vr1 = V * (R1/(R1 + R2)); # voltage across R1\n",
+ "Vr2 = V - Vr1; # voltage across R2\n",
+ "Ir = Vr1/R1; # current flowing through R\n",
+ "print '%s' %(\"b)\")\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %(\"voltage across the first resistor (in volts)=\",Vr1)\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %(\"voltage across the second resistor (in volts)=\",Vr2)\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %(\"current flowing through the resistor (in amps) =\",Ir)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#1c\n",
+ "# c - a\n",
+ "R1 = 10.; # first resistance in ohms\n",
+ "R2 = 10.;\n",
+ "I = 1.; # current source \n",
+ "V = I*R1; # voltage across R\n",
+ "print '%s' %(\"c - a)\")\n",
+ "print '%s %.f' %(\"voltage across the resistor (in volts)=\",V)\n",
+ "print '%s %.f' %(\"current flowing through the resistor (in amps) =\",I)\n",
+ "# c - b\n",
+ "Vr1 = I*R1; # voltage across R1\n",
+ "Vr2 = I*R2; # voltage across R2\n",
+ "Vr=Vr1+Vr2;\n",
+ "print '%s' %(\"c - b)\")\n",
+ "print '%s %.f' %(\"voltage across the resistor (in volts)=\",Vr)\n",
+ "print '%s %.f' %(\"current flowing through the resistor (in amps) =\",I)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "a)\n",
+ "voltage across the resistor (in volts)= 1\n",
+ "current flowing through the resistor (in amps) = 0.10\n",
+ "b)\n",
+ "voltage across the first resistor (in volts)= 0.67\n",
+ "voltage across the second resistor (in volts)= 0.33\n",
+ "current flowing through the resistor (in amps) = 0.07\n",
+ "c - a)\n",
+ "voltage across the resistor (in volts)= 10\n",
+ "current flowing through the resistor (in amps) = 1\n",
+ "c - b)\n",
+ "voltage across the resistor (in volts)= 20\n",
+ "current flowing through the resistor (in amps) = 1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E2 - Pg 25"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "R = 100.; # resistance in ohms\n",
+ "I = 0.3; # current in amps \n",
+ "P = I**2 * R; # power \n",
+ "# power specification of the resistors available in the stock \n",
+ "Pa = 5.;\n",
+ "Pb = 7.5;\n",
+ "Pc = 10.;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "if Pa > P :\n",
+ " print '%s' %(\"we should select resistor a\")\n",
+ "if Pb > P :\n",
+ " print '%s' %(\"we should select resistor b\")\n",
+ "if Pc > P :\n",
+ " print '%s' %(\"we should select resistor c\")"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "we should select resistor c\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E3 - Pg 26"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "L = 1.; # length of the copper wire in meters\n",
+ "A = 1. * 10.**-4.; # cross sectional area of the wire in meter square \n",
+ "rho = 1.724 * 10.**-8.; # resistivity of copper in ohm meter\n",
+ "R = rho*L / A; # resistance of the wire in ohm \n",
+ "\n",
+ "print '%s %.2e' %(\"resistance of the wire (in ohms)=\",R) "
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "resistance of the wire (in ohms)= 1.72e-04\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E4 - Pg 27"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# 1 inches = 0.0254meters\n",
+ "# 1 foot = 0.3048 meters\n",
+ "import math \n",
+ "d = 0.1*0.0254; # diameter of the wire in meters\n",
+ "L = 10.*0.3048; # length of the wire in meters \n",
+ "rho = 1.724*10.**-8.; # resistivity of the wire in ohm-meter\n",
+ "A = math.pi*(d/2.)**2.; # cross sectional area of the wire \n",
+ "R = rho*L/A; # resistance of the wire in ohm \n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %(\"resistance of the wire (in ohm)=\",R)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "resistance of the wire (in ohm)= 0.01\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E5 - Pg 29"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "%matplotlib inline\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "import numpy as np\n",
+ "from matplotlib import pyplot\n",
+ "L = 0.1; # inductance of the coil in henry \n",
+ "t1= np.linspace(0,0.1, num=101)\n",
+ "t2= np.linspace(0.101,0.3, num=201)\n",
+ "t3= np.linspace(0.301,0.6,num=301)\n",
+ "t4= np.linspace(0.601,0.7,num=101)\n",
+ "t5= np.linspace(0.701,0.9,num=201)\n",
+ "# current variation as a function of time \n",
+ "i1 = 100.*t1;\n",
+ "i2 = (-50.*t2) + 15.;\n",
+ "i3 = np.zeros(301)\n",
+ "for i in range(0,301):\n",
+ "\ti3[i] = -100.*math.sin(math.pi*(t3[i]-0.3)/0.3);\n",
+ "\n",
+ "i4 = (100.*t4) - 60.;\n",
+ "i5 = (-50.*t5) + 45.;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "t = ([t1,t2,t3,t4,t5]);\n",
+ "i = ([i1,i2,i3,i4,i5]);\n",
+ "pyplot.plot(t1, i1);\n",
+ "pyplot.plot(t2, i2);\n",
+ "pyplot.plot(t3, i3);\n",
+ "pyplot.plot(t4, i4);\n",
+ "pyplot.plot(t5, i5);\n",
+ "\n",
+ "dt = 0.001;\n",
+ "di1 = np.diff(i1);\n",
+ "di2 = np.diff(i2);\n",
+ "di3 = np.diff(i3);\n",
+ "di4 = np.diff(i4);\n",
+ "di5 = np.diff(i5);\n",
+ "V1 =np.array((L/dt)*di1); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n",
+ "V2 =np.array((L/dt)*di2); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n",
+ "V3 =np.array((L/dt)*di3); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n",
+ "V4 = np.array((L/dt)*di4); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n",
+ "V5 = np.array((L/dt)*di5); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n",
+ "print(V2)\n",
+ "Tv = np.linspace(0,0.899,num=900);\n",
+ "V = []\n",
+ "V.extend(V1)\n",
+ "V.extend(V2)\n",
+ "V.extend(V3)\n",
+ "V.extend(V4)\n",
+ "V.extend(V5)\n",
+ "print(len(V))\n",
+ "pyplot.plot(Tv, V)\n",
+ "pyplot.show();"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "[-4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n",
+ " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975]\n",
+ "900\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "metadata": {},
+ "output_type": "display_data",
+ "png": 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+ "text": [
+ "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x5cdc0b0>"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E7 - Pg 31"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# a\n",
+ "Ri = 1.; \n",
+ "Rf = 39.;\n",
+ "A = 10.**5.; # open loop gain of the op-amp\n",
+ "G = A/(1. + (A*Ri/(Ri+Rf))); # actual voltage gain of the circuit \n",
+ "print '%s' %(\"a\")\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %(\"actual voltage of the circuit =\",G)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# b\n",
+ "G1 = 1 + (Rf/Ri); # voltage gain of the circuit with infinite open loop gain\n",
+ "print '%s' %(\"b\")\n",
+ "print '%s %.f' %(\"for ideal case the voltage gain =\",G1)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# c\n",
+ "er = ((G1 - G)/G)*100.; # percent error \n",
+ "print '%s' %(\"c\")\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %(\"percent error of the ideal value compared to the actual value=\",er)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "a\n",
+ "actual voltage of the circuit = 39.98\n",
+ "b\n",
+ "for ideal case the voltage gain = 40\n",
+ "c\n",
+ "percent error of the ideal value compared to the actual value= 0.04\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E8 - Pg 33"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "G = 4.; # voltage gain of the circuit \n",
+ "r = G -1.; # ratio of the resistances in the non-inverting op-amp circuit\n",
+ "print '%s %.2f' %(\"Rf/Ri =\",r)\n",
+ "# Result:\n",
+ "# A suitable choice for R1 is 10K, Hence Rf = 30K\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rf/Ri = 3.00\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example E9 - Pg 34"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "G = 4.;\n",
+ "r = G; # ratio of the resistances in the inverting op-amp circuit\n",
+ "print '%s %.f' %(\"Rf/Ri\",r)\n",
+ "# Result;\n",
+ "# A suitable choice for Rf=30K and R1=7.5K\n",
+ "# therefore input resistance R1 = 7.5K\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Rf/Ri 4\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file |
