Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books

A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_0XMpH6D.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_1bYvsqm.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2FzgemP.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2wnGzgB.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3D0WenJ.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3Qk3YZ9.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3RZopIG.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3oVSGJI.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3z34ofU.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_47uzEPc.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_4wLOrg1.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5y05ccc.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_6abjRKa.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_7YykOlL.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ArpsUYU.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_CaxDA59.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cg9aASj.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cmjo0dZ.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cyc7Mmj.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_D3h4rOH.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_DX44zmR.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_EDdenY2.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Gn8Ls8Q.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_H2F1LxB.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_HQ89OkI.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Hl9us6l.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_KWcC9YQ.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_L0LVinK.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Lf8vdtw.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MPQmYM0.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MS7AyON.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_OjcoXgK.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PE5hkZJ.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoMDUmn.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoWqLvV.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_QHlxeI4.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SRvof3X.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_T5WJU5x.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TRgyMmv.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TyFMWWo.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UE2LpyX.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_URNYBHc.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UpRo20c.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_XbL429a.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Xc77DNt.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2GPb6S.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2ay0Yh.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_YCfgqux.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dUCVVeV.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dr124eb.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_fGocR0T.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_gZhr0WW.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_hEpVYUR.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_id1VlbC.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_imWpKyi.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ipvWUNm.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_itFEv6b.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_iujxmeR.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_l7idTmT.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_lzYYAbC.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_n1PODAI.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_nYm4CuE.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_oGvJtYD.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_p39uorO.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pDWrAlY.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pFmGzk0.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pYROsHW.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pmrshQK.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rZBRh0H.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_uhvyTbu.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_wQuh21z.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xaYpfMh.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xseHUNW.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_yCvUz4t.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zG1ujSS.ipynb A Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zKb7eGR.ipynb
author: Trupti Kini 2016-12-31 23:30:44 +0600
committer: Trupti Kini 2016-12-31 23:30:44 +0600
commit: 572889bfa4539150ef23cd89cbc888b2696b3d0a (patch)
tree: 2df0930dc7f6d157e131e5b2f881b42fc1153886
parent: 8826fb0a35de320edd7a4c35fe6fc08b1ea67470 (diff)
download: Python-Textbook-Companions-572889bfa4539150ef23cd89cbc888b2696b3d0a.tar.gz
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76 files changed, 25352 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_0XMpH6D.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_0XMpH6D.ipynb
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@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
+    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
+      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
+      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
+    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
+    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
+    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
+    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
+    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
+    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
+    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
+      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
+      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
+    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
+    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
+    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
+    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
+    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
+    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
+    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
+    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
+    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
+    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
+      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
+    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
+    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "m = M/NA\n",
+    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
+    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
+    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_1bYvsqm.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_1bYvsqm.ipynb
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_1bYvsqm.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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2eS/pVklLJU0vaNtO0lhJcyQ9Kmnbgq9dLmmupNmS+ha095I0XdILkkYWtLeT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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
+    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
+    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "rinv = 1./r\n",
+    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
+    "xlim(0,850)\n",
+    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
+    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
+    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "slope = w[0]\n",
+    "intercept = w[1]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
+    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
+    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
+    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
+      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
+    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
+    "Pinv =1./P\n",
+    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
+    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
+    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "m = w[0]\n",
+    "c = w[1]\n",
+    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
+    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "Vm = 1./c\n",
+    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
+    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
+    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
+    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
+    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
+    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "\n",
+    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
+    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
+    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
+    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
+    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
+    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
+    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
+    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
+      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
+      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
+      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
+    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
+    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "Eabs = P*t\n",
+    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
+    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
+    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
+    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
+    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
+    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
+      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
+    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
+    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
+    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2FzgemP.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2FzgemP.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..504b170b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2FzgemP.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
+      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
+      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "xb = nb/n\n",
+    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
+    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
+    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
+    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
+      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
+      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
+    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "xb = nb/n\n",
+    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
+    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
+    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
+    "yt = 1.-y\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
+    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
+    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
+      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
+      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
+      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
+      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
+      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
+    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
+    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "nl = n - nv\n",
+    "zb = nb/n\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
+    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
+    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
+    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
+    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
+    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
+    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
+    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
+    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "for i in sol:\n",
+    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
+    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
+    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
+    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
+      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
+      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
+    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
+    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
+    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
+    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
+    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
+    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
+    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
+    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
+    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
+    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
+    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
+    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
+      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
+    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
+    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
+    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
+      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
+    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
+    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
+    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
+    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
+    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
+    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
+    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
+    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
+    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
+    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
+    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
+      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
+    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
+    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
+    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
+    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
+    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
+    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
+    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
+    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
+    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2wnGzgB.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2wnGzgB.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..887d09f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_2wnGzgB.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
+      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
+    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
+    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
+    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
+    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
+    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
+      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
+    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
+    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
+    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
+      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
+    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
+    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
+    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
+    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
+    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
+    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
+    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI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\nYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
+      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
+    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
+    "R = 8.314 \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = T +273.15\n",
+    "x = 1./T\n",
+    "y = log(k1)\n",
+    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
+    "# plotting the line\n",
+    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
+    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
+    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
+      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
+      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
+    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
+    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
+    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
+    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
+    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
+    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
+    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
+      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
+    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
+    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
+    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
+    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
+    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
+    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
+      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, e\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
+    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
+    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
+    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
+    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
+    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3D0WenJ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3D0WenJ.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d251294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3D0WenJ.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy import constants\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
+    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
+    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
+    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
+    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
+    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
+    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
+    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
+    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
+    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
+    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
+    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
+    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
+    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
+    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
+    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
+    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
+    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
+      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
+    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
+    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
+    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
+    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
+    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
+    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
+    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
+    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
+    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
+    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
+    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
+    "t = v/F\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
+    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
+    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
+    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
+    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
+    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
+    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "m = M/NA\n",
+    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
+    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
+      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
+    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
+    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
+    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
+    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
+    "# plotting the line\n",
+    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
+    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
+    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
+    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
+    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3Qk3YZ9.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3Qk3YZ9.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bfc29594
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3Qk3YZ9.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
+    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
+      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
+      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
+    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
+    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
+    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
+    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
+    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
+    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
+    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
+      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
+      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
+    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
+    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
+    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
+    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
+    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
+    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
+    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
+    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
+    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
+    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
+      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
+    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
+    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "m = M/NA\n",
+    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
+    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
+    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3RZopIG.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3RZopIG.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..076c1413
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3RZopIG.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,700 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298.15\n",
+    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
+    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
+    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
+    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298.15\n",
+    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
+    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
+    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
+    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
+      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
+    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
+    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
+    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
+    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
+    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
+    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
+    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
+    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
+    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
+    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
+    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
+      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
+    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
+    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Part A\n",
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
+      "Part B\n",
+      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
+    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
+    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
+    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
+    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
+    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
+    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
+    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
+    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
+    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
+    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Part A'\n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print 'Part B'\n",
+    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
+    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
+    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
+    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
+    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
+      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
+      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
+    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
+    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
+    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
+    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
+    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
+    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
+    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
+    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
+    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
+    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
+      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
+      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
+      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp, log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
+    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
+    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
+    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
+    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
+    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
+    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
+    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
+    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
+    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
+    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
+    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
+    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
+    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
+      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
+    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
+    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
+    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
+    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
+    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vm = M/rho\n",
+    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
+    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
+    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
+    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
+    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
+    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
+    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
+    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
+    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3oVSGJI.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3oVSGJI.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..058c9da8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3oVSGJI.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "\n",
+    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
+    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
+    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
+    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
+      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
+      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
+    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "def ster(i):\n",
+    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
+    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
+    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
+    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
+    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
+    "x0 = 10.0\n",
+    "err = 1.0\n",
+    "while err>0.001:\n",
+    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
+    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
+    "    x0 = xnew\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
+    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "N3 = x0\n",
+    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
+    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
+    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+    "p1 = 0.233\n",
+    "p2 = 0.086\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
+    "p2 = 0.145\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
+      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
+    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
+    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
+    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
+    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
+    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3z34ofU.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3z34ofU.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cfc07351
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_3z34ofU.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
+    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
+    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
+    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
+      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
+    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
+    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
+    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
+    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "A = A*1e-12\n",
+    "V = V*1e-3\n",
+    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
+    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
+    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
+    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
+    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
+    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
+    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
+    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
+    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
+    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
+    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
+    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
+    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_47uzEPc.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_47uzEPc.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..382b0ea4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_47uzEPc.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
+    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
+    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
+    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
+      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
+    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
+    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
+    "v = v*1e-3\n",
+    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
+    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
+    "qRs = 0.0\n",
+    "#for J in range(101):\n",
+    "#    print J\n",
+    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
+    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
+    "#    else:\n",
+    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
+    "#print qRs/4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "sigma = 2.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
+    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "sigmab = 1\n",
+    "sigmac = 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
+    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
+    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
+    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "nubar  =  208\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
+    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
+      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
+      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
+      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Qv = 1.\n",
+    "for i in nubar:\n",
+    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
+    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
+    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
+    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
+    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
+      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
+      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
+      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
+      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Qv = 1.\n",
+    "for i in nubar:\n",
+    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
+    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
+    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
+    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
+    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qE = 0.0\n",
+    "for i in range(9):\n",
+    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
+    "    qE = qE + a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_4wLOrg1.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_4wLOrg1.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7f1b328b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_4wLOrg1.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
+    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
+    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
+    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0.689 1.019\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
+    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
+    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
+    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
+    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
+    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
+    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
+    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
+    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
+    "                #For overall reaction\n",
+    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
+    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
+      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
+    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
+    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
+    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
+    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
+    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
+    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
+    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
+    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
+    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
+    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
+      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
+      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
+    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
+    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
+    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "EZn = E - E01\n",
+    "EAg = E - E02\n",
+    "EAu = E - E03\n",
+    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
+    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
+    "for i in Er:\n",
+    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
+    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
+    "    "
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5y05ccc.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5y05ccc.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..29d2cd41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_5y05ccc.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
+      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
+    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
+    "w = eps*q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
+    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
+    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
+    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
+    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
+      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
+    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
+    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
+    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
+    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
+    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "w = -qrev\n",
+    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
+    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
+    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
+    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
+      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
+      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
+    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
+    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
+    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "w = -q\n",
+    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
+    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
+    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
+    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
+    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
+    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
+    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
+    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
+    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
+    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
+    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
+    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
+    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
+    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
+    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
+    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
+    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
+    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
+    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
+    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
+    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
+    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
+    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
+    "#print dS6\n",
+    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
+    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
+    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
+    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
+    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
+    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
+    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
+    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
+    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_6abjRKa.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_6abjRKa.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1fc19029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_6abjRKa.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math \n",
+    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
+    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
+    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
+    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
+    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
+      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
+      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
+      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math \n",
+    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
+    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
+    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
+    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
+    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
+    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
+    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
+    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
+    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
+    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
+    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
+    "xne = nne/n\n",
+    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
+    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
+    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
+    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
+    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
+    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
+    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
+    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
+      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math \n",
+    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
+    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
+    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
+    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
+    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
+    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
+    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
+    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
+    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_7YykOlL.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_7YykOlL.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..430c21a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_7YykOlL.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Varible declaration\n",
+    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
+    "Prob = 0\n",
+    "for x in n:\n",
+    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
+    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
+    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "M = n1*n1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
+    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
+    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
+    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
+      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
+    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
+    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
+    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
+    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
+    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
+    "\n",
+    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
+    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
+    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
+    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
+    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
+      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
+      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
+      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial, log\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
+    "for i in N:\n",
+    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
+    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
+    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
+    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
+    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "sum = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(52):\n",
+    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
+      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "from scipy import integrate\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
+    "Pt = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
+    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
+    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
+    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
+    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
+    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
+    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
+    "f1 = A1/At\n",
+    "f2 = A2/At\n",
+    "f3 = A3/At\n",
+    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
+    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
+    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ArpsUYU.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ArpsUYU.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..04d54ef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ArpsUYU.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 02: Heat, Work, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and The First Law of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.1:pg-20"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Part a: Work done in expansion is  -16.2 kJ\n",
+      "Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is -1.73 J\n",
+      "Part c: Work done in paasing the cuurent through coil is 1.39 kJ\n",
+      "Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is -1.12 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math  #Part a\n",
+    "vi = 20.0             #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "vf = 85.0             #final volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "Pext = 2.5            #External Pressure against which work is done, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -Pext*1e5*(vf-vi)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part a: Work done in expansion is %6.1f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part b\n",
+    "ri = 1.00             #Initial diameter of bubble, cm\n",
+    "rf = 3.25             #final diameter of bubble, cm\n",
+    "sigm = 71.99          #Surface tension, N/m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -2*sigm*4*math.pi*(rf**2-ri**2)*1e-4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is %4.2f J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part c\n",
+    "i = 3.20             #Current through heating coil, A \n",
+    "v = 14.5             #fVoltage applied across coil, volts\n",
+    "t = 30.0             #time for which current is applied,s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = v*i*t\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part c: Work done in pasing the cuurent through coil is %4.2f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "k = 100.0             #Constant in F = -kx, N/cm \n",
+    "dl = -0.15            #stretch , cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -k*(dl**2-0)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is %4.2f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.2:pg-22"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat added to the water 24.00 kJ\n",
+      "Work done in vaporizing liquid is -1703.84 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math   \n",
+    "m = 100.0            #Mass of water, g \n",
+    "T = 100.0            #Temperature of water, °C\n",
+    "Pext = 1.0           #External Pressure on assembly, bar\n",
+    "x = 10.0             #percent of water vaporised at 1 bar,-\n",
+    "i = 2.00             #current through heating coil, A\n",
+    "v = 12.0             #Voltage applied, v\n",
+    "t = 1.0e3            #time for which current applied, s \n",
+    "rhol = 997           #Density of liquid, kg/m3\n",
+    "rhog = 0.59          #Density of vapor, kg/m3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "q = i*v*t\n",
+    "vi = m/(rhol*100)*1e-3\n",
+    "vf = m*(100-x)*1e-3/(rhol*100) + m*x*1e-3/(rhog*100)\n",
+    "w = -Pext*(vf-vi)*1e5\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat added to the water %4.2f kJ'%(q/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Work done in vaporizing liquid is %4.2f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.3:pg-27"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat removed by water at constant pressure 89.03 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "m = 1.5              #mass of water in surrounding, kg \n",
+    "dT = 14.2            #Change in temperature of water, °C or K\n",
+    "cp = 4.18            #Specific heat of water at constant pressure, J/(g.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qp = m*cp*dT\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat removed by water at constant pressure %4.2f kJ'%qp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.4:pg-32"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For reverssible Isothermal expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -1.93e+02 J\n",
+      "For Single step reverssible expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -9.22e+03 J\n",
+      "For Two step reverssible expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -1.29e+04 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math \n",
+    "n = 2.0          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#For reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
+    "Pi1 = 25.0       #Initial Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
+    "Vi1 = 4.50       #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "Pf1 = 4.50       #Fianl Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
+    "Pext = 4.50      #External pressure, bar \n",
+    "Pint = 11.0      #Intermediate pressure, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
+    "T1 = Pi1*Vi1/(n*R)\n",
+    "Vf1 = n*R*T1/Pf1\n",
+    "w = -n*R*T1*log(Vf1/Vi1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For reverssible Isothermal expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions Single step irreverssible expansion \n",
+    "\n",
+    "w = -Pext*1e5*(Vf1-Vi1)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Single step reverssible expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions Two step irreverssible expansion \n",
+    "Vint = n*R*T1/(Pint)\n",
+    "w = -Pint*1e5*(Vint-Vi1)*1e-3 - Pf1*1e5*(Vf1-Vint)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Two step reverssible expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.5:pg-37"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For Path       q         w           DU            DH         \n",
+      "1-2       139463.96  -39840.00    99623.96     139463.96\n",
+      "2-3       -99623.96       0.00   -99623.96    -139463.96\n",
+      "3-1        -5343.33    5343.33        0.00          0.00\n",
+      "Overall    34496.67  -34496.67        0.00          0.00\n",
+      "all values are in J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 0.08314      #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
+    "cvm = 20.79      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p1 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 1, bar\n",
+    "v1 = 1.00       #Volume at point 1, L\n",
+    "p2 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 2, bar\n",
+    "v2 = 25.0       #Volume at point 2, L \n",
+    "v3 = 25.0       #Volume at point 3, L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T1 = p1*v1/(n*R)\n",
+    "T2 = p2*v2/(n*R)\n",
+    "T3 = T1         #from problem statement\n",
+    "        #for path 1-2\n",
+    "DU12 = n*cvm*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "w12 = -p1*1e5*(v2-v1)*1e-3\n",
+    "q12 = DU12 - w12\n",
+    "DH12 = DU12 + n*R*(T2-T1)*1e2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        #for path 2-3\n",
+    "w23 = 0.0\n",
+    "DU23 = q23 = n*cvm*(T3-T2)\n",
+    "DH23 = -DH12\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        #for path 3-1\n",
+    "DU31 = 0.0       #Isothemal process\n",
+    "DH31 = 0.0\n",
+    "w31 = -n*R*1e2*T1*log(v1/v3)\n",
+    "q31 = -w31\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DU = DU12+DU23+DU31\n",
+    "w = w12+w23+w31\n",
+    "q = q12+q23+q31\n",
+    "DH = DH12+DH23+DH31\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Path       q         w           DU            DH         '\n",
+    "print '1-2       %7.2f  %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f'%(q12,w12,DU12,DH12)\n",
+    "print '2-3       %7.2f    %7.2f   %7.2f    %7.2f'%(q23,w23,DU23,DH23)\n",
+    "print '3-1        %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q31,w31,DU31,DH31)\n",
+    "print 'Overall    %7.2f  %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q,w,DU,DH)\n",
+    "print 'all values are in J'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.6:pg-38"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is 268.5 K\n",
+      "The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is -2937.0 J\n",
+      "The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n",
+      "The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "cvm = 12.47      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "pext = 1.00      #External Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Ti = 325.        #Initial Temeprature, K\n",
+    "pi = 2.50        #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "pf = 1.25        #Final pressure, bar \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations  Adiabatic process q = 0; DU = w\n",
+    "q = 0.0     \n",
+    "Tf = Ti*(cvm + R*pext/pi)/(cvm + R*pext/pf )\n",
+    "DU = w = n*cvm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "DH = DU + n*R*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
+    "print 'The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DH\n",
+    "print 'The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DU\n",
+    "print 'The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%w\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.7:pg-40"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Final temperature of cloud 265.2 K\n",
+      "You can expect cloud\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, exp\n",
+    "  #Part d\n",
+    "h1 = 1000.0          #initial Altitude of cloud, m \n",
+    "hf = 3500.0          #Final Altitude of cloud, m \n",
+    "p1 = 0.802           #Pressure at h1, atm \n",
+    "pf = 0.602           #Pressure at hf, atm\n",
+    "T1 = 288.0           #Initial temperature of cloud, K\n",
+    "cp = 28.86           #Specific heat of air, J/mol.K\n",
+    "R = 8.314            #Gas constant, J/mol.K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Tf = exp(-(cp/(cp-R)-1)/(cp/(cp-R))*log(p1/pf))*T1\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Final temperature of cloud %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
+    "if Tf < 273:\n",
+    "    print 'You can expect cloud'\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print 'You can not expect cloud'"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_CaxDA59.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_CaxDA59.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..351d347c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_CaxDA59.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
+    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
+    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
+    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
+    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
+    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
+      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
+    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
+    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
+    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
+    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
+    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
+    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
+    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
+    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
+    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
+      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
+      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
+    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
+    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
+    "M = 12.01\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
+    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
+    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
+    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
+    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
+    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
+    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
+    "M = 32.04\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = m/M\n",
+    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cg9aASj.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cg9aASj.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..860afddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cg9aASj.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
+      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
+      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
+    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
+    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
+    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
+    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
+    "P0 = 1.\n",
+    "Pl = 10000.\n",
+    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
+    "#Part a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
+    "#Part b\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
+    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
+    "#Part c\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
+    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
+    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
+    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import cos, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
+    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
+    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
+    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
+      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import cos\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
+    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
+    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
+    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
+    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
+    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
+    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cmjo0dZ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cmjo0dZ.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d251294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cmjo0dZ.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy import constants\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
+    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
+    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
+    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
+    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
+    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
+    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
+    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
+    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
+    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
+    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
+    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
+    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
+    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
+    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
+    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
+    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
+    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
+      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
+    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
+    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
+    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
+    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
+    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
+    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
+    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
+    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
+    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
+    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
+    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
+    "t = v/F\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
+    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
+    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
+    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
+    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
+    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
+    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "m = M/NA\n",
+    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
+    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
+      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
+    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
+    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
+    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
+    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
+    "# plotting the line\n",
+    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
+    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
+    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
+    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
+    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cyc7Mmj.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cyc7Mmj.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2b5ef632
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Cyc7Mmj.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
+    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
+    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
+    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
+    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
+    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_D3h4rOH.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_D3h4rOH.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cfc07351
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_D3h4rOH.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
+    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
+    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
+    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
+      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
+    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
+    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
+    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
+    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "A = A*1e-12\n",
+    "V = V*1e-3\n",
+    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
+    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
+    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
+    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
+    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
+    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
+    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
+    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
+    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
+    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
+    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
+    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
+    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_DX44zmR.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_DX44zmR.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7d42ed97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_DX44zmR.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
+    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
+    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Dn = 2.0\n",
+    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
+    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
+    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
+    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
+    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
+    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
+    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
+      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
+    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
+    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
+    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
+    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
+    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
+    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
+    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02\n",
+    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
+    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
+      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
+    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
+    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
+    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
+    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
+    "#Data\n",
+    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
+    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
+    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
+    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_EDdenY2.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_EDdenY2.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bb478dec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_EDdenY2.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
+      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
+    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
+    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
+    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
+    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
+    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
+    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
+    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
+    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
+    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
+    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
+    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
+    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Gn8Ls8Q.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Gn8Ls8Q.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bfc29594
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Gn8Ls8Q.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
+    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
+      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
+      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
+    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
+    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
+    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
+    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
+    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
+    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
+    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
+      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
+      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
+    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
+    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
+    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
+    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
+    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
+    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
+    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
+    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
+    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
+    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
+      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
+    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
+    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "m = M/NA\n",
+    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
+    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
+    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_H2F1LxB.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_H2F1LxB.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2b5ef632
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_H2F1LxB.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
+    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
+    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
+    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
+    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
+    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_HQ89OkI.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_HQ89OkI.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..860afddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_HQ89OkI.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
+      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
+      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
+    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
+    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
+    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
+    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
+    "P0 = 1.\n",
+    "Pl = 10000.\n",
+    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
+    "#Part a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
+    "#Part b\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
+    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
+    "#Part c\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
+    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
+    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
+    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import cos, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
+    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
+    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
+    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
+      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import cos\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
+    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
+    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
+    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
+    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
+    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
+    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Hl9us6l.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Hl9us6l.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..351d347c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Hl9us6l.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
+    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
+    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
+    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
+    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
+    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
+      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
+    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
+    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
+    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
+    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
+    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
+    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
+    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
+    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
+    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
+      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
+      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
+    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
+    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
+    "M = 12.01\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
+    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
+    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
+    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
+    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
+    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
+    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
+    "M = 32.04\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = m/M\n",
+    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_KWcC9YQ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_KWcC9YQ.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bfc29594
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_KWcC9YQ.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 15: Statistical Thermodyanamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.2:pg-374"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For Internal energy to be 1000.0 J temperature will be 449.0 K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "U = 1.00e3            #Total internal energy, J\n",
+    "hnu = 1.00e-20        #Energy level separation, J\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "n = 1                 #Number of moles, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = hnu/(k*log(n*NA*hnu/U-1.))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Internal energy to be %4.1f J temperature will be %4.1f K'%(U,T)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.3:pg-378"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Energy of excited state is 1.57e-19 J\n",
+      "Electronic partition function qE is 3.000e+00\n",
+      "Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is 3.921e-06 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "g0 = 3.0              #Ground State partition function\n",
+    "labda = 1263e-9       #Wave length in nm\n",
+    "T = 500.              #Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e8            #Speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of moles, mol\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "beta = 1./(k*T)\n",
+    "eps = h*c/labda\n",
+    "qE = g0 + exp(-beta*eps)\n",
+    "UE = n*NA*eps*exp(-beta*eps)/qE\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Energy of excited state is %4.2e J'%eps\n",
+    "print 'Electronic partition function qE is %4.3e'%qE\n",
+    "print 'Electronic contribution to internal enrgy is %4.3e J'%UE"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.5:pg-387"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 2.25e-11 m3\n",
+      "Std. Molar entropy for Ne is 145.46 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Kr is 1.11e-11 m3\n",
+      "Std. Molar entropy for Kr is 163.18 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Mne = 0.0201797       #Molecular wt of ne, kg/mol     \n",
+    "Mkr = 0.0837980       #Molecular wt of kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "Vmne = 0.0224         #Std. state molar volume of ne, m3\n",
+    "Vmkr = 0.0223         #Std. state molar volume of kr, m3\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298               #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
+    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "mne = Mne/NA\n",
+    "mkr = Mkr/NA\n",
+    "Labdane = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mne*k*T))\n",
+    "Labdakr = sqrt(h**2/(2*pi*mkr*k*T))\n",
+    "Sne = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmne/Labdane**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
+    "Skr = 5.*R/2 + R*log(Vmkr/Labdakr**3)-R*log(NA)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labdane\n",
+    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Ne is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Sne\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Kr is %4.2e m3'%Labdakr\n",
+    "print 'Std. Molar entropy for Kr is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Skr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex15.8:pg-392"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave lengths for Ne is 4.09e-33 m3\n",
+      "The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is -39.97 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "M = 0.040             #Moleculat wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34         #Planks's Constant, J.s\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23         #Avagadro's Number, 1/mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23          #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298.15            #Std. state temeprature,K \n",
+    "P = 1e5               #Std. state pressure, Pa\n",
+    "R = 8.314             #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.0               #Number of mole, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "m = M/NA\n",
+    "Labda3 = (h**2/(2*pi*m*k*T))**(3./2)\n",
+    "G0 = -n*R*T*log(k*T/(P*Labda3))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave lengths for Ne is %4.2e m3'%Labda3\n",
+    "print 'The Gibbs energy for 1 mol of Ar is %6.2f kJ'%(G0/1000)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_L0LVinK.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_L0LVinK.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1fc19029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_L0LVinK.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math \n",
+    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
+    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
+    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
+    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
+    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
+      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
+      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
+      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math \n",
+    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
+    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
+    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
+    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
+    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
+    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
+    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
+    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
+    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
+    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
+    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
+    "xne = nne/n\n",
+    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
+    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
+    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
+    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
+    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
+    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
+    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
+    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
+      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math \n",
+    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
+    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
+    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
+    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
+    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
+    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
+    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
+    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
+    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Lf8vdtw.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Lf8vdtw.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7d42ed97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Lf8vdtw.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
+    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
+    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Dn = 2.0\n",
+    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
+    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
+    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
+    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
+    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
+    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
+    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
+      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
+    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
+    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
+    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
+    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
+    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
+    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
+    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02\n",
+    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
+    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
+      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
+    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
+    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
+    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
+    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
+    "#Data\n",
+    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
+    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
+    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
+    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MPQmYM0.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MPQmYM0.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d251294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MPQmYM0.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy import constants\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
+    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
+    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
+    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
+    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
+    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
+    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
+    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
+    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
+    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
+    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
+    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
+    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
+    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
+    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
+    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
+    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
+    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
+      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
+    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
+    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
+    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
+    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
+    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
+    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
+    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
+    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
+    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
+    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
+    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
+    "t = v/F\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
+    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
+    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
+    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
+    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
+    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
+    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "m = M/NA\n",
+    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
+    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
+      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
+    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
+    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
+    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
+    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
+    "# plotting the line\n",
+    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
+    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
+    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
+    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
+    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MS7AyON.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MS7AyON.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..076c1413
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_MS7AyON.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,700 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298.15\n",
+    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
+    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
+    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
+    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298.15\n",
+    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
+    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
+    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
+    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
+      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
+    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
+    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
+    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
+    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
+    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
+    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
+    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
+    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
+    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
+    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
+    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
+      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
+    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
+    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Part A\n",
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
+      "Part B\n",
+      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
+    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
+    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
+    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
+    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
+    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
+    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
+    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
+    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
+    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
+    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Part A'\n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print 'Part B'\n",
+    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
+    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
+    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
+    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
+    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
+      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
+      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
+    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
+    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
+    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
+    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
+    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
+    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
+    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
+    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
+    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
+    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
+      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
+      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
+      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp, log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
+    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
+    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
+    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
+    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
+    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
+    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
+    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
+    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
+    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
+    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
+    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
+    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
+    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
+      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
+    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
+    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
+    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
+    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
+    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vm = M/rho\n",
+    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
+    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
+    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
+    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
+    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
+    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
+    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
+    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
+    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_OjcoXgK.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_OjcoXgK.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..351d347c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_OjcoXgK.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
+    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
+    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
+    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
+    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
+    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
+      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
+    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
+    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
+    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
+    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
+    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
+    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
+    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
+    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
+    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
+      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
+      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
+    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
+    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
+    "M = 12.01\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
+    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
+    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
+    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
+    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
+    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
+    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
+    "M = 32.04\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = m/M\n",
+    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PE5hkZJ.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PE5hkZJ.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2b5ef632
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PE5hkZJ.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
+    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
+    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
+    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
+    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
+    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoMDUmn.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoMDUmn.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..382b0ea4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoMDUmn.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
+    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
+    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
+    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
+      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
+    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
+    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
+    "v = v*1e-3\n",
+    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
+    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
+    "qRs = 0.0\n",
+    "#for J in range(101):\n",
+    "#    print J\n",
+    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
+    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
+    "#    else:\n",
+    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
+    "#print qRs/4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "sigma = 2.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
+    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "sigmab = 1\n",
+    "sigmac = 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
+    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
+    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
+    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "nubar  =  208\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
+    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
+      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
+      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
+      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Qv = 1.\n",
+    "for i in nubar:\n",
+    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
+    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
+    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
+    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
+    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
+      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
+      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
+      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
+      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Qv = 1.\n",
+    "for i in nubar:\n",
+    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
+    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
+    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
+    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
+    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qE = 0.0\n",
+    "for i in range(9):\n",
+    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
+    "    qE = qE + a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoWqLvV.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoWqLvV.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..430c21a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_PoWqLvV.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Varible declaration\n",
+    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
+    "Prob = 0\n",
+    "for x in n:\n",
+    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
+    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
+    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "M = n1*n1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
+    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
+    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
+    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
+      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
+    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
+    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
+    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
+    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
+    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
+    "\n",
+    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
+    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
+    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
+    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
+    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
+      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
+      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
+      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial, log\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
+    "for i in N:\n",
+    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
+    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
+    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
+    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
+    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "sum = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(52):\n",
+    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
+      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "from scipy import integrate\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
+    "Pt = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
+    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
+    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
+    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
+    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
+    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
+    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
+    "f1 = A1/At\n",
+    "f2 = A2/At\n",
+    "f3 = A3/At\n",
+    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
+    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
+    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_QHlxeI4.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_QHlxeI4.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..058c9da8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_QHlxeI4.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "\n",
+    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
+    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
+    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
+    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
+      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
+      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
+    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "def ster(i):\n",
+    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
+    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
+    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
+    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
+    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
+    "x0 = 10.0\n",
+    "err = 1.0\n",
+    "while err>0.001:\n",
+    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
+    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
+    "    x0 = xnew\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
+    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "N3 = x0\n",
+    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
+    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
+    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+    "p1 = 0.233\n",
+    "p2 = 0.086\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
+    "p2 = 0.145\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
+      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
+    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
+    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
+    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
+    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
+    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SRvof3X.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SRvof3X.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..81a699eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_SRvof3X.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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2eS/pVklLJU0vaNtO0lhJcyQ9Kmnbgq9dLmmupNmS+ha095I0XdILkkYWtLeT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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
+    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
+    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "rinv = 1./r\n",
+    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
+    "xlim(0,850)\n",
+    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
+    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
+    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "slope = w[0]\n",
+    "intercept = w[1]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
+    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
+    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
+    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
+      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
+    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
+    "Pinv =1./P\n",
+    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
+    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
+    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "m = w[0]\n",
+    "c = w[1]\n",
+    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
+    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "Vm = 1./c\n",
+    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
+    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
+    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
+    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
+    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
+    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "\n",
+    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
+    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
+    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
+    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
+    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
+    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
+    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
+    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
+      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
+      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
+      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
+    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
+    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "Eabs = P*t\n",
+    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
+    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
+    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
+    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
+    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
+    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
+      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
+    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
+    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
+    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_T5WJU5x.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_T5WJU5x.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..076c1413
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_T5WJU5x.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,700 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298.15\n",
+    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
+    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
+    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
+    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298.15\n",
+    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
+    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
+    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
+    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
+      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
+    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
+    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
+    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
+    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
+    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
+    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
+    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
+    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
+    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
+    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
+    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
+      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
+    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
+    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Part A\n",
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
+      "Part B\n",
+      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
+    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
+    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
+    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
+    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
+    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
+    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
+    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
+    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
+    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
+    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Part A'\n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print 'Part B'\n",
+    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
+    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
+    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
+    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
+    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
+      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
+      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
+    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
+    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
+    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
+    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
+    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
+    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
+    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
+    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
+    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
+    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
+      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
+      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
+      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp, log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
+    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
+    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
+    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
+    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
+    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
+    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
+    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
+    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
+    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
+    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
+    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
+    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
+    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
+      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
+    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
+    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
+    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
+    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
+    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vm = M/rho\n",
+    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
+    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
+    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
+    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
+    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
+    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
+    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
+    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
+    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TRgyMmv.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TRgyMmv.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..504b170b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TRgyMmv.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
+      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
+      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "xb = nb/n\n",
+    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
+    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
+    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
+    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
+      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
+      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
+    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "xb = nb/n\n",
+    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
+    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
+    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
+    "yt = 1.-y\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
+    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
+    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
+      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
+      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
+      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
+      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
+      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
+    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
+    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "nl = n - nv\n",
+    "zb = nb/n\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
+    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
+    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
+    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
+    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
+    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
+    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
+    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
+    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "for i in sol:\n",
+    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
+    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
+    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
+    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
+      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
+      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
+    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
+    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
+    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
+    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
+    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
+    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
+    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
+    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
+    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
+    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
+    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
+    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
+      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
+    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
+    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
+    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
+      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
+    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
+    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
+    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
+    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
+    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
+    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
+    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
+    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
+    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
+    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
+    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
+      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
+    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
+    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
+    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
+    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
+    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
+    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
+    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
+    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
+    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TyFMWWo.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TyFMWWo.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1fc19029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_TyFMWWo.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math \n",
+    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
+    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
+    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
+    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
+    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
+      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
+      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
+      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math \n",
+    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
+    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
+    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
+    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
+    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
+    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
+    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
+    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
+    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
+    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
+    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
+    "xne = nne/n\n",
+    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
+    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
+    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
+    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
+    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
+    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
+    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
+    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
+      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math \n",
+    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
+    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
+    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
+    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
+    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
+    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
+    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
+    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
+    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UE2LpyX.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UE2LpyX.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7d42ed97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UE2LpyX.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
+    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
+    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Dn = 2.0\n",
+    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
+    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
+    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
+    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
+    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
+    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
+    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
+      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
+    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
+    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
+    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
+    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
+    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
+    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
+    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02\n",
+    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
+    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
+      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
+    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
+    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
+    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
+    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
+    "#Data\n",
+    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
+    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
+    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
+    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_URNYBHc.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_URNYBHc.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..504b170b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_URNYBHc.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
+      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
+      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "xb = nb/n\n",
+    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
+    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
+    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
+    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
+      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
+      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
+    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "xb = nb/n\n",
+    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
+    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
+    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
+    "yt = 1.-y\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
+    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
+    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
+      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
+      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
+      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
+      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
+      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
+    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
+    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "nl = n - nv\n",
+    "zb = nb/n\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
+    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
+    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
+    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
+    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
+    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
+    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
+    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
+    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "for i in sol:\n",
+    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
+    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
+    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
+    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
+      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
+      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
+    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
+    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
+    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
+    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
+    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
+    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
+    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
+    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
+    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
+    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
+    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
+    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
+      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
+    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
+    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
+    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
+      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
+    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
+    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
+    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
+    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
+    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
+    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
+    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
+    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
+    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
+    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
+    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
+      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
+    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
+    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
+    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
+    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
+    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
+    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
+    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
+    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
+    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UpRo20c.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UpRo20c.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..04d54ef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_UpRo20c.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 02: Heat, Work, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and The First Law of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.1:pg-20"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Part a: Work done in expansion is  -16.2 kJ\n",
+      "Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is -1.73 J\n",
+      "Part c: Work done in paasing the cuurent through coil is 1.39 kJ\n",
+      "Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is -1.12 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math  #Part a\n",
+    "vi = 20.0             #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "vf = 85.0             #final volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "Pext = 2.5            #External Pressure against which work is done, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -Pext*1e5*(vf-vi)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part a: Work done in expansion is %6.1f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part b\n",
+    "ri = 1.00             #Initial diameter of bubble, cm\n",
+    "rf = 3.25             #final diameter of bubble, cm\n",
+    "sigm = 71.99          #Surface tension, N/m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -2*sigm*4*math.pi*(rf**2-ri**2)*1e-4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is %4.2f J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part c\n",
+    "i = 3.20             #Current through heating coil, A \n",
+    "v = 14.5             #fVoltage applied across coil, volts\n",
+    "t = 30.0             #time for which current is applied,s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = v*i*t\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part c: Work done in pasing the cuurent through coil is %4.2f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "k = 100.0             #Constant in F = -kx, N/cm \n",
+    "dl = -0.15            #stretch , cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -k*(dl**2-0)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is %4.2f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.2:pg-22"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat added to the water 24.00 kJ\n",
+      "Work done in vaporizing liquid is -1703.84 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math   \n",
+    "m = 100.0            #Mass of water, g \n",
+    "T = 100.0            #Temperature of water, °C\n",
+    "Pext = 1.0           #External Pressure on assembly, bar\n",
+    "x = 10.0             #percent of water vaporised at 1 bar,-\n",
+    "i = 2.00             #current through heating coil, A\n",
+    "v = 12.0             #Voltage applied, v\n",
+    "t = 1.0e3            #time for which current applied, s \n",
+    "rhol = 997           #Density of liquid, kg/m3\n",
+    "rhog = 0.59          #Density of vapor, kg/m3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "q = i*v*t\n",
+    "vi = m/(rhol*100)*1e-3\n",
+    "vf = m*(100-x)*1e-3/(rhol*100) + m*x*1e-3/(rhog*100)\n",
+    "w = -Pext*(vf-vi)*1e5\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat added to the water %4.2f kJ'%(q/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Work done in vaporizing liquid is %4.2f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.3:pg-27"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat removed by water at constant pressure 89.03 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "m = 1.5              #mass of water in surrounding, kg \n",
+    "dT = 14.2            #Change in temperature of water, °C or K\n",
+    "cp = 4.18            #Specific heat of water at constant pressure, J/(g.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qp = m*cp*dT\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat removed by water at constant pressure %4.2f kJ'%qp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.4:pg-32"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For reverssible Isothermal expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -1.93e+02 J\n",
+      "For Single step reverssible expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -9.22e+03 J\n",
+      "For Two step reverssible expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -1.29e+04 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math \n",
+    "n = 2.0          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#For reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
+    "Pi1 = 25.0       #Initial Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
+    "Vi1 = 4.50       #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "Pf1 = 4.50       #Fianl Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
+    "Pext = 4.50      #External pressure, bar \n",
+    "Pint = 11.0      #Intermediate pressure, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
+    "T1 = Pi1*Vi1/(n*R)\n",
+    "Vf1 = n*R*T1/Pf1\n",
+    "w = -n*R*T1*log(Vf1/Vi1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For reverssible Isothermal expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions Single step irreverssible expansion \n",
+    "\n",
+    "w = -Pext*1e5*(Vf1-Vi1)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Single step reverssible expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions Two step irreverssible expansion \n",
+    "Vint = n*R*T1/(Pint)\n",
+    "w = -Pint*1e5*(Vint-Vi1)*1e-3 - Pf1*1e5*(Vf1-Vint)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Two step reverssible expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.5:pg-37"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For Path       q         w           DU            DH         \n",
+      "1-2       139463.96  -39840.00    99623.96     139463.96\n",
+      "2-3       -99623.96       0.00   -99623.96    -139463.96\n",
+      "3-1        -5343.33    5343.33        0.00          0.00\n",
+      "Overall    34496.67  -34496.67        0.00          0.00\n",
+      "all values are in J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 0.08314      #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
+    "cvm = 20.79      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p1 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 1, bar\n",
+    "v1 = 1.00       #Volume at point 1, L\n",
+    "p2 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 2, bar\n",
+    "v2 = 25.0       #Volume at point 2, L \n",
+    "v3 = 25.0       #Volume at point 3, L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T1 = p1*v1/(n*R)\n",
+    "T2 = p2*v2/(n*R)\n",
+    "T3 = T1         #from problem statement\n",
+    "        #for path 1-2\n",
+    "DU12 = n*cvm*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "w12 = -p1*1e5*(v2-v1)*1e-3\n",
+    "q12 = DU12 - w12\n",
+    "DH12 = DU12 + n*R*(T2-T1)*1e2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        #for path 2-3\n",
+    "w23 = 0.0\n",
+    "DU23 = q23 = n*cvm*(T3-T2)\n",
+    "DH23 = -DH12\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        #for path 3-1\n",
+    "DU31 = 0.0       #Isothemal process\n",
+    "DH31 = 0.0\n",
+    "w31 = -n*R*1e2*T1*log(v1/v3)\n",
+    "q31 = -w31\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DU = DU12+DU23+DU31\n",
+    "w = w12+w23+w31\n",
+    "q = q12+q23+q31\n",
+    "DH = DH12+DH23+DH31\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Path       q         w           DU            DH         '\n",
+    "print '1-2       %7.2f  %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f'%(q12,w12,DU12,DH12)\n",
+    "print '2-3       %7.2f    %7.2f   %7.2f    %7.2f'%(q23,w23,DU23,DH23)\n",
+    "print '3-1        %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q31,w31,DU31,DH31)\n",
+    "print 'Overall    %7.2f  %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q,w,DU,DH)\n",
+    "print 'all values are in J'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.6:pg-38"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is 268.5 K\n",
+      "The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is -2937.0 J\n",
+      "The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n",
+      "The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "cvm = 12.47      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "pext = 1.00      #External Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Ti = 325.        #Initial Temeprature, K\n",
+    "pi = 2.50        #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "pf = 1.25        #Final pressure, bar \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations  Adiabatic process q = 0; DU = w\n",
+    "q = 0.0     \n",
+    "Tf = Ti*(cvm + R*pext/pi)/(cvm + R*pext/pf )\n",
+    "DU = w = n*cvm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "DH = DU + n*R*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
+    "print 'The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DH\n",
+    "print 'The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DU\n",
+    "print 'The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%w\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.7:pg-40"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Final temperature of cloud 265.2 K\n",
+      "You can expect cloud\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, exp\n",
+    "  #Part d\n",
+    "h1 = 1000.0          #initial Altitude of cloud, m \n",
+    "hf = 3500.0          #Final Altitude of cloud, m \n",
+    "p1 = 0.802           #Pressure at h1, atm \n",
+    "pf = 0.602           #Pressure at hf, atm\n",
+    "T1 = 288.0           #Initial temperature of cloud, K\n",
+    "cp = 28.86           #Specific heat of air, J/mol.K\n",
+    "R = 8.314            #Gas constant, J/mol.K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Tf = exp(-(cp/(cp-R)-1)/(cp/(cp-R))*log(p1/pf))*T1\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Final temperature of cloud %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
+    "if Tf < 273:\n",
+    "    print 'You can expect cloud'\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print 'You can not expect cloud'"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_XbL429a.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_XbL429a.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..04d54ef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_XbL429a.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 02: Heat, Work, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and The First Law of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.1:pg-20"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Part a: Work done in expansion is  -16.2 kJ\n",
+      "Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is -1.73 J\n",
+      "Part c: Work done in paasing the cuurent through coil is 1.39 kJ\n",
+      "Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is -1.12 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math  #Part a\n",
+    "vi = 20.0             #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "vf = 85.0             #final volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "Pext = 2.5            #External Pressure against which work is done, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -Pext*1e5*(vf-vi)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part a: Work done in expansion is %6.1f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part b\n",
+    "ri = 1.00             #Initial diameter of bubble, cm\n",
+    "rf = 3.25             #final diameter of bubble, cm\n",
+    "sigm = 71.99          #Surface tension, N/m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -2*sigm*4*math.pi*(rf**2-ri**2)*1e-4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is %4.2f J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part c\n",
+    "i = 3.20             #Current through heating coil, A \n",
+    "v = 14.5             #fVoltage applied across coil, volts\n",
+    "t = 30.0             #time for which current is applied,s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = v*i*t\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part c: Work done in pasing the cuurent through coil is %4.2f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "k = 100.0             #Constant in F = -kx, N/cm \n",
+    "dl = -0.15            #stretch , cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -k*(dl**2-0)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is %4.2f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.2:pg-22"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat added to the water 24.00 kJ\n",
+      "Work done in vaporizing liquid is -1703.84 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math   \n",
+    "m = 100.0            #Mass of water, g \n",
+    "T = 100.0            #Temperature of water, °C\n",
+    "Pext = 1.0           #External Pressure on assembly, bar\n",
+    "x = 10.0             #percent of water vaporised at 1 bar,-\n",
+    "i = 2.00             #current through heating coil, A\n",
+    "v = 12.0             #Voltage applied, v\n",
+    "t = 1.0e3            #time for which current applied, s \n",
+    "rhol = 997           #Density of liquid, kg/m3\n",
+    "rhog = 0.59          #Density of vapor, kg/m3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "q = i*v*t\n",
+    "vi = m/(rhol*100)*1e-3\n",
+    "vf = m*(100-x)*1e-3/(rhol*100) + m*x*1e-3/(rhog*100)\n",
+    "w = -Pext*(vf-vi)*1e5\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat added to the water %4.2f kJ'%(q/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Work done in vaporizing liquid is %4.2f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.3:pg-27"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat removed by water at constant pressure 89.03 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "m = 1.5              #mass of water in surrounding, kg \n",
+    "dT = 14.2            #Change in temperature of water, °C or K\n",
+    "cp = 4.18            #Specific heat of water at constant pressure, J/(g.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qp = m*cp*dT\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat removed by water at constant pressure %4.2f kJ'%qp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.4:pg-32"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For reverssible Isothermal expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -1.93e+02 J\n",
+      "For Single step reverssible expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -9.22e+03 J\n",
+      "For Two step reverssible expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -1.29e+04 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math \n",
+    "n = 2.0          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#For reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
+    "Pi1 = 25.0       #Initial Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
+    "Vi1 = 4.50       #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "Pf1 = 4.50       #Fianl Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
+    "Pext = 4.50      #External pressure, bar \n",
+    "Pint = 11.0      #Intermediate pressure, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
+    "T1 = Pi1*Vi1/(n*R)\n",
+    "Vf1 = n*R*T1/Pf1\n",
+    "w = -n*R*T1*log(Vf1/Vi1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For reverssible Isothermal expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions Single step irreverssible expansion \n",
+    "\n",
+    "w = -Pext*1e5*(Vf1-Vi1)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Single step reverssible expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions Two step irreverssible expansion \n",
+    "Vint = n*R*T1/(Pint)\n",
+    "w = -Pint*1e5*(Vint-Vi1)*1e-3 - Pf1*1e5*(Vf1-Vint)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Two step reverssible expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.5:pg-37"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For Path       q         w           DU            DH         \n",
+      "1-2       139463.96  -39840.00    99623.96     139463.96\n",
+      "2-3       -99623.96       0.00   -99623.96    -139463.96\n",
+      "3-1        -5343.33    5343.33        0.00          0.00\n",
+      "Overall    34496.67  -34496.67        0.00          0.00\n",
+      "all values are in J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 0.08314      #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
+    "cvm = 20.79      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p1 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 1, bar\n",
+    "v1 = 1.00       #Volume at point 1, L\n",
+    "p2 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 2, bar\n",
+    "v2 = 25.0       #Volume at point 2, L \n",
+    "v3 = 25.0       #Volume at point 3, L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T1 = p1*v1/(n*R)\n",
+    "T2 = p2*v2/(n*R)\n",
+    "T3 = T1         #from problem statement\n",
+    "        #for path 1-2\n",
+    "DU12 = n*cvm*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "w12 = -p1*1e5*(v2-v1)*1e-3\n",
+    "q12 = DU12 - w12\n",
+    "DH12 = DU12 + n*R*(T2-T1)*1e2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        #for path 2-3\n",
+    "w23 = 0.0\n",
+    "DU23 = q23 = n*cvm*(T3-T2)\n",
+    "DH23 = -DH12\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        #for path 3-1\n",
+    "DU31 = 0.0       #Isothemal process\n",
+    "DH31 = 0.0\n",
+    "w31 = -n*R*1e2*T1*log(v1/v3)\n",
+    "q31 = -w31\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DU = DU12+DU23+DU31\n",
+    "w = w12+w23+w31\n",
+    "q = q12+q23+q31\n",
+    "DH = DH12+DH23+DH31\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Path       q         w           DU            DH         '\n",
+    "print '1-2       %7.2f  %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f'%(q12,w12,DU12,DH12)\n",
+    "print '2-3       %7.2f    %7.2f   %7.2f    %7.2f'%(q23,w23,DU23,DH23)\n",
+    "print '3-1        %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q31,w31,DU31,DH31)\n",
+    "print 'Overall    %7.2f  %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q,w,DU,DH)\n",
+    "print 'all values are in J'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.6:pg-38"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is 268.5 K\n",
+      "The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is -2937.0 J\n",
+      "The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n",
+      "The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "cvm = 12.47      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "pext = 1.00      #External Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Ti = 325.        #Initial Temeprature, K\n",
+    "pi = 2.50        #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "pf = 1.25        #Final pressure, bar \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations  Adiabatic process q = 0; DU = w\n",
+    "q = 0.0     \n",
+    "Tf = Ti*(cvm + R*pext/pi)/(cvm + R*pext/pf )\n",
+    "DU = w = n*cvm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "DH = DU + n*R*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
+    "print 'The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DH\n",
+    "print 'The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DU\n",
+    "print 'The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%w\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.7:pg-40"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Final temperature of cloud 265.2 K\n",
+      "You can expect cloud\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, exp\n",
+    "  #Part d\n",
+    "h1 = 1000.0          #initial Altitude of cloud, m \n",
+    "hf = 3500.0          #Final Altitude of cloud, m \n",
+    "p1 = 0.802           #Pressure at h1, atm \n",
+    "pf = 0.602           #Pressure at hf, atm\n",
+    "T1 = 288.0           #Initial temperature of cloud, K\n",
+    "cp = 28.86           #Specific heat of air, J/mol.K\n",
+    "R = 8.314            #Gas constant, J/mol.K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Tf = exp(-(cp/(cp-R)-1)/(cp/(cp-R))*log(p1/pf))*T1\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Final temperature of cloud %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
+    "if Tf < 273:\n",
+    "    print 'You can expect cloud'\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print 'You can not expect cloud'"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Xc77DNt.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Xc77DNt.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..81a699eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Xc77DNt.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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2eS/pVklLJU0vaNtO0lhJcyQ9Kmnbgq9dLmmupNmS+ha095I0XdILkkYWtLeT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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
+    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
+    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "rinv = 1./r\n",
+    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
+    "xlim(0,850)\n",
+    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
+    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
+    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "slope = w[0]\n",
+    "intercept = w[1]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
+    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
+    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
+    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
+      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
+    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
+    "Pinv =1./P\n",
+    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
+    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
+    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "m = w[0]\n",
+    "c = w[1]\n",
+    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
+    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "Vm = 1./c\n",
+    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
+    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
+    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
+    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
+    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
+    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "\n",
+    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
+    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
+    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
+    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
+    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
+    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
+    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
+    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
+      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
+      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
+      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
+    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
+    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "Eabs = P*t\n",
+    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
+    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
+    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
+    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
+    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
+    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
+      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
+    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
+    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
+    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2GPb6S.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2GPb6S.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7f1b328b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2GPb6S.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
+    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
+    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
+    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0.689 1.019\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
+    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
+    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
+    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
+    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
+    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
+    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
+    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
+    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
+    "                #For overall reaction\n",
+    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
+    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
+      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
+    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
+    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
+    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
+    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
+    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
+    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
+    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
+    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
+    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
+    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
+      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
+      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
+    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
+    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
+    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "EZn = E - E01\n",
+    "EAg = E - E02\n",
+    "EAu = E - E03\n",
+    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
+    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
+    "for i in Er:\n",
+    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
+    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
+    "    "
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2ay0Yh.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2ay0Yh.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..382b0ea4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_Y2ay0Yh.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
+    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
+    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
+    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
+      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
+    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
+    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
+    "v = v*1e-3\n",
+    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
+    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
+    "qRs = 0.0\n",
+    "#for J in range(101):\n",
+    "#    print J\n",
+    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
+    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
+    "#    else:\n",
+    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
+    "#print qRs/4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "sigma = 2.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
+    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "sigmab = 1\n",
+    "sigmac = 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
+    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
+    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
+    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "nubar  =  208\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
+    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
+      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
+      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
+      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Qv = 1.\n",
+    "for i in nubar:\n",
+    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
+    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
+    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
+    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
+    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
+      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
+      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
+      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
+      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Qv = 1.\n",
+    "for i in nubar:\n",
+    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
+    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
+    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
+    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
+    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qE = 0.0\n",
+    "for i in range(9):\n",
+    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
+    "    qE = qE + a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_YCfgqux.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_YCfgqux.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7f1b328b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_YCfgqux.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
+    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
+    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
+    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0.689 1.019\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
+    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
+    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
+    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
+    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
+    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
+    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
+    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
+    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
+    "                #For overall reaction\n",
+    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
+    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
+      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
+    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
+    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
+    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
+    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
+    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
+    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
+    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
+    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
+    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
+    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
+      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
+      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
+    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
+    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
+    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "EZn = E - E01\n",
+    "EAg = E - E02\n",
+    "EAu = E - E03\n",
+    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
+    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
+    "for i in Er:\n",
+    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
+    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
+    "    "
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dUCVVeV.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dUCVVeV.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..887d09f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dUCVVeV.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
+      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
+    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
+    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
+    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
+    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
+    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
+      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
+    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
+    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
+    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
+      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
+    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
+    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
+    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
+    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
+    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
+    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
+    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI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\nYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
+      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
+    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
+    "R = 8.314 \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = T +273.15\n",
+    "x = 1./T\n",
+    "y = log(k1)\n",
+    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
+    "# plotting the line\n",
+    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
+    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
+    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
+      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
+      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
+    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
+    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
+    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
+    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
+    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
+    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
+    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
+      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
+    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
+    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
+    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
+    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
+    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
+    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
+      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, e\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
+    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
+    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
+    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
+    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
+    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dr124eb.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dr124eb.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..076c1413
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_dr124eb.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,700 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 06: Chemical Equilibrium"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.1:pg-126"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 -813.6 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 -5320.9 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298.15\n",
+    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
+    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
+    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dACH4 = dHcCH4*1e3 - dnCH4*R*T - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
+    "dAC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - dnC8H18*R*T - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dACH4/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Available work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dAC8H18/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.2:pg-128"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 -818.6 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 -5309.8 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dHcCH4 = -891.0        #Std. heat of combustion for CH4, kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHcC8H18 = -5471.0     #Std. heat of combustion for C8H18, kJ/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298.15\n",
+    "SmCO2, SmCH4, SmH2O, SmO2, SmC8H18 = 213.8,186.3,70.0,205.2, 316.1\n",
+    "dnCH4 = -2.\n",
+    "dnC8H18 = 4.5\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGCH4 = dHcCH4*1e3  - T*(SmCO2 + 2*SmH2O - SmCH4 - 2*SmO2)\n",
+    "dGC8H18 = dHcC8H18*1e3 - T*(8*SmCO2 + 9*SmH2O - SmC8H18 - 25.*SmO2/2) \n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of CH4 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGCH4/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum nonexapnasion work through combustion of C8H18 %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGC8H18/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.4:pg-133"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is 355.1 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGf298 = 370.7     #Std. free energy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHf298 = 416.3     #Std. Enthalpy of formation for Fe (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "T = 400.           #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGf = T*(dGf298*1e3/T0 + dHf298*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. free energy of formation for Fe(g) at 400 K is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGf/1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.5:pg-137"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. free energy Change on mixing is -2.8e+04 J\n",
+      "Std. entropy Change on mixing is -93.3 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nHe = 1.0          #Number of moles of He\n",
+    "nNe = 3.0          #Number of moles of Ne\n",
+    "nAr = 2.0          #Number of moles of Ar\n",
+    "nXe = 2.5          #Number of moles of Xe\n",
+    "T = 298.15         #Temperature in K\n",
+    "P = 1.0            #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nHe + nNe + nAr + nXe\n",
+    "dGmix = n*R*T*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
+    "dSmix = n*R*((nHe/n)*log(nHe/n) + (nNe/n)*log(nNe/n) +(nAr/n)*log(nAr/n) + (nXe/n)*log(nXe/n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. free energy Change on mixing is %3.1e J'%(dGmix)\n",
+    "print 'Std. entropy Change on mixing is %4.1f J'%(dSmix)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.6:pg-138"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 67.00 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGfFe  = 0.0       #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2O = -237.1     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfFe2O3 = -1015.4  #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nFe*dGfFe + nH2O*dGfH2O + nFe2O3*dGfFe2O3 + nH2*dGfH2  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(dGR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.7:pg-139"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat 525.0 is -24.80 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat 525.0 is  137 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "dGR  = 67.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for reaction, kJ, from previous problem\n",
+    "dHfFe  = 0.0       #Enthalpy of formation for Fe (S), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfH2O = -285.8    #Enthalpy of formation for Water (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfFe2O3 = -1118.4 #Enthalpy of formation for Fe2O3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfH2 = 0.0        #Enthalpy of formation for Hydrogen (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "T = 525.           #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nFe, nH2, nFe2O3, nH2O = 3,-4,-1,4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dHR = nFe*dHfFe + nH2O*dHfH2O + nFe2O3*dHfFe2O3 + nH2*dHfH2  \n",
+    "dGR2 = T*(dGR*1e3/T0 + dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.2f kJ/mol'%(T, dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reactionat %4.1f is %4.0f kJ/mol'%(T, dGR2/1e3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.8:pg-140"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 1.337 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfNO2  = 51.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for NO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfN2O4 = 99.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for N2O4 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "pNO2 = 0.350       #Partial pressure of NO2, bar\n",
+    "pN2O4 = 0.650      #Partial pressure of N2O4, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nNO2, nN2O4 = -2, 1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of NO2 and N2O4 respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nN2O4*dGfN2O4*1e3 + nNO2*dGfNO2*1e3 + R*T0*log(pN2O4/(pNO2)**2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.9:pg-141"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is -0.020 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 3323.254 \n",
+      "Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCO2  = -394.4   #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2 = 0.0        #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCO = 237.1      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfH2O = 137.2     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15        #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCO2, nH2, nCO, nH2O = 1,1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CO2,H2,CO,H2O respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCO2*dGfCO2 + nH2*dGfH2 + nCO*dGfCO + nH2O*dGfH2O\n",
+    "Kp = exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR/1e3)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %5.3f '%(Kp)\n",
+    "if Kp > 1: print 'Kp >> 1. hence, mixture will consists of product CO2 and H2'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.11:pg-144"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Part A\n",
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 211.400 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 242.600 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 4.223e-11, 1.042e-03, and 1.349e-01\n",
+      "Part B\n",
+      "Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are 3.249e-05, 1.593e-01, and 8.782e-01\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCl2  = 0.0     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCl = 105.7     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCl2 = 0.0      #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CO (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCl = 121.3     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for H24 (l), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15       #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCl2, nCl= -1,2 #Stoichiomentric coeff of Cl2,Cl respectively in reaction\n",
+    "PbyP0 = 0.01\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCl*dGfCl + nCl2*dGfCl2 \n",
+    "dHR = nCl*dHfCl + nCl2*dHfCl2 \n",
+    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
+    "Kp8 = func(800)\n",
+    "Kp15 = func(1500)\n",
+    "Kp20 = func(2000)\n",
+    "DDiss = lambda K: sqrt(K/(K+4*PbyP0))\n",
+    "alp8 = DDiss(Kp8)\n",
+    "alp15 = DDiss(Kp15)\n",
+    "alp20 = DDiss(Kp20)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Part A'\n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %5.3f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(Kp8,Kp15,Kp20)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print 'Part B'\n",
+    "print 'Degree of dissociation at 800, 1500, and 2000 K are %4.3e, %4.3e, and %4.3e'%(alp8,alp15,alp20)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.12:pg-145"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is 131.1 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is 178.5 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are 0.0956, 0.673e, and 3.423\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCaCO3  = -1128.8     #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCaO = -603.3         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCO2 = -394.4         #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCaCO3 = -1206.9      #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCaO = -634.9         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dHfCO2 = -393.5         #Std. Enthalpy Change of formation for O2 (g), kJ/mol\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15             #Temperature in K\n",
+    "R = 8.314\n",
+    "nCaCO3, nCaO, nO2 = -1,1,1 #Stoichiomentric coeff of CaCO3, CaO, O2 respectively in reaction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dGR = nCaO*dGfCaO + nO2*dGfCO2 + nCaCO3*dGfCaCO3\n",
+    "dHR = nCaO*dHfCaO + nO2*dHfCO2 + nCaCO3*dHfCaCO3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "func = lambda T: exp(-dGR*1e3/(R*T0) - dHR*1e3*(1./T - 1./T0)/R)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Kp10 = func(1000)\n",
+    "Kp11 = func(1100)\n",
+    "Kp12 = func(1200)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Std. Gibbs energy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dGR)\n",
+    "print 'Std. Enthalpy change for reaction is %4.1f kJ/mol'%(dHR)\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constants at 1000, 1100, and 1200 K are %4.4f, %4.3fe, and %4.3f'%(Kp10,Kp11,Kp12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.13:pg-146"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is 1.51e+04 bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "dGfCG  = 0.0            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaCO3 (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "dGfCD = 2.90            #Std. Gibbs energy of formation for CaO (s), kJ/mol\n",
+    "rhoG = 2.25e3           #Density of Graphite, kg/m3\n",
+    "rhoD = 3.52e3           #Density of dimond, kg/m3\n",
+    "T0 = 298.15             #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314               #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "P0 = 1.0                #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "M = 12.01               #Molceular wt of Carbon\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "P = P0*1e5 + dGfCD*1e3/((1./rhoG-1./rhoD)*M*1e-3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'Pressure at which graphite and dimond will be in equilibrium is %4.2e bar'%(P/1e5)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.14:pg-154"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dUbydV = 1.42e+03 bar\n",
+      "dVbyV = 6.519 percent\n",
+      "dUbydVm = 9e+02 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "beta = 2.04e-4          #Thermal exapansion coefficient, /K\n",
+    "kapa = 45.9e-6          #Isothermal compressibility, /bar\n",
+    "T = 298.15              #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.206e-2            #Ideal gas constant, atm.L/(mol.K) \n",
+    "T1 = 320.0              #Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pi = 1.0                #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "V = 1.00                #Volume, m3\n",
+    "a = 1.35                #van der Waals constant a for nitrogen, atm.L2/mol2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dUbydV = Pf = (beta*T1-kapa*P0)/kapa\n",
+    "dVT = V*kapa*(Pf-Pi)\n",
+    "dVbyV = dVT*100/V\n",
+    "Vm = Pi/(R*T1)\n",
+    "dUbydVm = a/(Vm**2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results \n",
+    "print 'dUbydV = %4.2e bar'%(dUbydV)\n",
+    "print 'dVbyV = %4.3f percent'%(dVbyV)\n",
+    "print 'dUbydVm = %4.0e atm'%(dUbydVm)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.15:pg-155"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Internal energy change is 4.06e+04 J/mol in which \n",
+      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 99.9999 percent\n",
+      "Enthalpy change is 4.185e+04 J/mol in which \n",
+      "contribution of temeprature dependent term 100.0 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp, log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "m = 1000.0                #mass of mercury, g\n",
+    "Pi, Ti  = 1.00, 300.0     #Intial pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
+    "Pf, Tf  = 300., 600.0     #Final pressure and temperature, bar, K\n",
+    "rho = 13534.              #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
+    "beta = 18.1e-4            #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
+    "kapa = 3.91e-6            #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
+    "Cpm = 27.98               #Molar Specific heat at constant pressure, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "M = 200.59                #Molecular wt of Hg, g/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vi = m*1e-3/rho\n",
+    "Vf = Vi*exp(-kapa*(Pf-Pi))\n",
+    "Ut = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M \n",
+    "Up =  (beta*Ti/kapa-Pi)*1e5*(Vf-Vi) + (Vi-Vf+Vf*log(Vf/Vi))*1e5/kapa\n",
+    "dU = Ut + Up\n",
+    "Ht = m*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)/M\n",
+    "Hp = ((1 + beta*(Tf-Ti))*Vi*exp(-kapa*Pi)/kapa)*(exp(-kapa*Pi)-exp(-kapa*Pf))\n",
+    "dH =  Ht + Hp\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Internal energy change is %6.2e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %6.4f percent'%(dU,Ut*100/dH)\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy change is %4.3e J/mol in which \\ncontribution of temeprature dependent term %4.1f percent'%(dH,Ht*100/dH)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.16:pg-156"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Difference in molar specific heats \n",
+      "at constant volume and constant pressure 3.73e-03 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is 27.98 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature of Hg, K \n",
+    "beta = 18.1e-4              #Thermal exapansion coefficient for Hg, /K \n",
+    "kapa = 3.91e-6              #Isothermal compressibility for Hg, /Pa\n",
+    "M = 0.20059                 #Molecular wt of Hg, kg/mol \n",
+    "rho = 13534                 #Density of mercury, kg/m3\n",
+    "Cpm = 27.98                 #Experimental Molar specif heat at const pressure for mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vm = M/rho\n",
+    "DCpmCv = T*Vm*beta**2/kapa\n",
+    "Cvm = Cpm - DCpmCv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Difference in molar specific heats \\nat constant volume and constant pressure %4.2e J/(mol.K)'%DCpmCv\n",
+    "print 'Molar Specific heat of Hg at const. volume is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%Cvm"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex6.17:pg-158"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Molar Gibbs energy of Ar -46.154 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Molar Gibbs energy of Water -306.658 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "T = 298.15                  #Std. Temperature, K \n",
+    "P = 1.0                     #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Hm0, Sm0 = 0.0,154.8        #Std. molar enthalpy and entropy of Ar(g), kJ, mol, K units\n",
+    "Sm0H2, Sm0O2 = 130.7,205.2  #Std. molar entropy of O2 and H2 (g), kJ/(mol.K)\n",
+    "dGfH2O = -237.1         #Gibbs energy of formation for H2O(l), kJ/mol  \n",
+    "nH2, nO2 = 1, 1./2       #Stoichiomentric coefficients for H2 and O2 in water formation reaction \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Gm0 = Hm0 - T*Sm0\n",
+    "dGmH2O = dGfH2O*1000 - T*(nH2*Sm0H2 + nO2*Sm0O2)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Ar %4.3f kJ/mol'%(Gm0/1e3)\n",
+    "print 'Molar Gibbs energy of Water %4.3f kJ/mol'%(dGmH2O/1e3)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_fGocR0T.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_fGocR0T.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cfc07351
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_fGocR0T.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
+    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
+    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
+    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
+      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
+    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
+    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
+    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
+    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "A = A*1e-12\n",
+    "V = V*1e-3\n",
+    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
+    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
+    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
+    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
+    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
+    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
+    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
+    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
+    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
+    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
+    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
+    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
+    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_gZhr0WW.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_gZhr0WW.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..29d2cd41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_gZhr0WW.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
+      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
+    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
+    "w = eps*q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
+    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
+    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
+    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
+    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
+      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
+    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
+    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
+    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
+    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
+    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "w = -qrev\n",
+    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
+    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
+    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
+    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
+      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
+      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
+    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
+    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
+    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "w = -q\n",
+    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
+    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
+    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
+    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
+    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
+    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
+    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
+    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
+    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
+    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
+    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
+    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
+    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
+    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
+    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
+    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
+    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
+    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
+    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
+    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
+    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
+    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
+    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
+    "#print dS6\n",
+    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
+    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
+    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
+    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
+    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
+    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
+    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
+    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
+    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_hEpVYUR.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_hEpVYUR.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7d42ed97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_hEpVYUR.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 04: Thermochemistry"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.1:pg-72"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds 927.0 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds 461.0 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "DH0_H2O = 241.8          #Std Enthalpy of reaxtion of Water Fomation backward rxn, kJ/mol\n",
+    "DH0_2H = 2*218.0         #Std Enthalpy of formation of Hydrogen atom, kJ/mol\n",
+    "DH0_O = 249.2            #Std Enthalpy of formation of Oxygen atom, kJ/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314                #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Dn = 2.0\n",
+    "T = 298.15               #Std. Temperature, K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DH0_2HO = DH0_H2O + DH0_2H + DH0_O\n",
+    "DU0 = (DH0_2HO - Dn*R*T*1e-3)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Avergae Enthalpy change required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DH0_2HO\n",
+    "print 'Average bond energy required for breaking both OH bonds %4.1f kJ/mol'%DU0"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.2:pg-74"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat of reaction for HCl formation is -95.1 kJ/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "a = ([29.064, 31.695, 28.165])             #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "b = ([-0.8363e-3, 10.143e-3, 1.809e-3])    #Constant 'b' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "c = ([20.111e-7, -40.373e-7, 15.464e-7])   #Constant 'a' in Heat capacity equation, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "delHf0HCl = -92.3                          #Std. Heat of formation of HCl, kJ/mol\n",
+    "T1, T2 = 298.15, 1450                      #Std and final temperature, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "DA = a[2]-(a[0]+a[1])/2\n",
+    "DB = b[2]-(b[0]+b[1])/2\n",
+    "DC = c[2]-(c[0]+c[1])/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "expr = integrate( DA + DB*T + DC*T**2, (T,T1,T2))\n",
+    "DHR1450= expr/1000 + delHf0HCl\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat of reaction for HCl formation is %4.1f kJ/mol'%DHR1450"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.3:pg-75"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Calorimeter constant 7.59e+03 J/°C\n",
+      "Enthalpy of rection for benzene -3.26e+06 J/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "ms1 = 0.972          #Mass of cyclohexane, g\n",
+    "DT1 = 2.98           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
+    "DUR1 = -3913e3       #Std Internal energy change, J/mol\n",
+    "mw = 1.812e3         #Mass of water, g\n",
+    "ms2 = 0.857          #Mass of benzene, g\n",
+    "Ms1 = 84.16\n",
+    "Ms2 = 78.12\n",
+    "DT2 = 2.36           #Change in temperature for bath, °C\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02\n",
+    "Cpw = 75.3 \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ccal = ((-ms1/Ms1)*DUR1-(mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT1)/DT1\n",
+    "DUR2 = (-Ms2/ms2)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT2+Ccal*DT2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Calorimeter constant %4.2e J/°C'%Ccal\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of rection for benzene %4.2e J/mol'%DUR2"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex4.4:pg-77"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 -2.81e+03 J/mol\n",
+      "Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data -2.40e+00 J/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "ms = 1.423           #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
+    "mw = 100.34          #Mass of Na2SO4, g\n",
+    "DT = 0.037           #Change in temperature for solution, K\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02           #Molecular wt of Water\n",
+    "Ms = 142.04          #Molecular wt of ms Na2SO4\n",
+    "Ccal = 342.5         #Calorimeter constant, J/K\n",
+    "#Data\n",
+    "DHfNa = -240.1\n",
+    "DHfSO4 = -909.3\n",
+    "DHfNa2SO4 = -1387.1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DHs = (-Ms/ms)*((mw/Mw)*Cpw*DT+Ccal*DT)\n",
+    "DHsolD = 2*DHfNa + DHfSO4 - DHfNa2SO4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 %4.2e J/mol'%DHs\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy of solution for Na2SO4 from Data %4.2e J/mol'%DHsolD"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_id1VlbC.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_id1VlbC.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..382b0ea4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_id1VlbC.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 14: Ensemble and Molecular Partition Function"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.1:pg-344"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Difference in energy levels is 3.10e-38 J or 1.56e-15 1/cm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "l = 0.01           #Box length, m \n",
+    "n1,n2 = 2,1        #Energy levels states\n",
+    "m = 5.31e-26       #mass of oxygen molecule, kg\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "dE = (n1+n2)*h**2/(8*m*l**2)\n",
+    "dEcm = dE/(h*c*1e2)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Difference in energy levels is %3.2e J or %3.2e 1/cm'%(dE,dEcm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.2:pg-345"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Thermal wave length is 1.60e-11 m and\n",
+      "Translational partition function is 2.44e+29\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "v = 1.0            #Volume, L\n",
+    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature of Ar, K\n",
+    "m = 6.63e-26       #Mass of Argon molecule, kg \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "GAMA = h/sqrt(2*pi*m*k*T)\n",
+    "v = v*1e-3\n",
+    "qT3D = v/GAMA**3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Thermal wave length is %3.2e m and\\nTranslational partition function is %3.2e'%(GAMA,qT3D)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.4:pg-350"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Spectrum will be observed at  494 K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "J = 4              #Rotational energy level\n",
+    "B = 8.46           #Spectrum, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "T = (2*J+1)**2*h*c*100*B/(2*k)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Spectrum will be observed at %4.0f K'%(T)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.5:pg-352"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function of H2 at 1000 is 5.729\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "B = 60.589         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 1000           #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "#Calculations \n",
+    "qR = k*T/(2*h*c*100*B)\n",
+    "qRs = 0.0\n",
+    "#for J in range(101):\n",
+    "#    print J\n",
+    "#    if (J%2 == 0):\n",
+    "#        qRs = qRs + (2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T)\n",
+    "#    else:\n",
+    "#        qRs = qRs + 3*(2*J+1)*exp(-h*c*100*B*J*(J+1)/(k*T))\n",
+    "#print qRs/4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.6:pg-353"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function of H2 at  100 K is 928.121\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "B = 0.0374         #Spectrum for H2, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 100.0          #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "sigma = 2.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "ThetaR = h*c*100*B/k\n",
+    "qR = T/(sigma*ThetaR)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function of H2 at %4.0f K is %4.3f'%(T,qR)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.7:pg-354"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at  298 K are  140, 16926, and  712 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "Ba = 1.48                        #Spectrum for OCS, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Spectrum for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Spectrum for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
+    "T = 298.0                        #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "sigmab = 1\n",
+    "sigmac = 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qRa = k*T/(h*c*100*Ba)\n",
+    "qRb = (sqrt(pi)/sigmab)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bb[0])*sqrt(1/Bb[1])*sqrt(1/Bb[2])\n",
+    "qRc = (sqrt(pi)/sigmac)*(k*T/(h*c*100))**(3./2)*sqrt(1/Bc[0])*sqrt(1/Bc[1])*sqrt(1/Bc[2])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Rotation partition function for OCS, ONCI, CH2O at %4.0f K are %4.0f, %4.0f, and %4.0f respectively'%(T,qRa,qRb,qRc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.8:pg-356"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vibrational partition function for I2 at  298 and 1000 are 1.58 K and 3.86 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi, exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ba = 1.48                        #Frequency for OCS, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bb = [2.84,0.191,0.179]          #Frequency for ONCI, 1/cm\n",
+    "Bc = [9.40,1.29,1.13]            #Frequency for CH2O, 1/cm\n",
+    "T298 = 298.0                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "T1000 = 1000                     #Temperture of Hydrogen, K\n",
+    "nubar  =  208\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qv298 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T298)))\n",
+    "qv1000 = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*nubar/(k*T1000)))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Vibrational partition function for I2 at %4d and %4d are %4.2f K and %4.2f respectively'%(T298, T1000,qv298, qv1000)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.9:pg-357"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At  450 1/cm the q = 1.128\n",
+      "At  945 1/cm the q = 1.010\n",
+      "At 1100 1/cm the q = 1.005\n",
+      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 298.0 K is 1.146 respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = [450, 945, 1100]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for OClO, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Qv = 1.\n",
+    "for i in nubar:\n",
+    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
+    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
+    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.10:pg-359"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Vibrational partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 10.508\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = 917        #Vibrational mode frequencies for F2, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "ThetaV = h*c*100*nubar/k\n",
+    "Th = 10*ThetaV\n",
+    "qv = 1/(1.-exp(-ThetaV/Th))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Vibrational partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.11:pg-360"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At 1388 1/cm the q = 1.157\n",
+      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
+      "At  667 1/cm the q = 1.619\n",
+      "At 2349 1/cm the q = 1.035\n",
+      "Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at 1000.0 K is 3.139\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 1000           #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "nubar = [1388, 667.4,667.4,2349]   #Vibrational mode frequencies for CO2, 1/cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Qv = 1.\n",
+    "for i in nubar:\n",
+    "    qv = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*100*i/(k*T)))\n",
+    "    print 'At %4.0f 1/cm the q = %4.3f'%(i,qv)\n",
+    "    Qv = Qv*qv\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total Vibrational partition function for OClO at %4.1f K is %4.3f'%(T, Qv)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex14.12:pg-363"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Electronic partition function for F2 at 298.0 K is 9.45\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, J.s\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "T = 298.           #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "n = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]   #Energy levels\n",
+    "E0 = [0,137.38,323.46,552.96,2112.28,2153.21,2220.11,2311.36,2424.78]      #Energies, 1/cm\n",
+    "g0 = [4,6,8,10,2,4,6,8,10]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qE = 0.0\n",
+    "for i in range(9):\n",
+    "    a =g0[i]*exp(-h*c*100*E0[i]/(k*T))\n",
+    "    qE = qE + a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Electronic partition function for F2 at %4.1f K is %4.2f'%(T, qE)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_imWpKyi.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_imWpKyi.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..887d09f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_imWpKyi.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
+      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
+    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
+    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
+    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
+    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
+    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
+      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
+    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
+    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
+    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
+      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
+    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
+    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
+    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
+    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
+    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
+    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
+    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI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\nYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
+      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
+    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
+    "R = 8.314 \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = T +273.15\n",
+    "x = 1./T\n",
+    "y = log(k1)\n",
+    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
+    "# plotting the line\n",
+    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
+    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
+    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
+      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
+      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
+    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
+    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
+    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
+    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
+    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
+    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
+    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
+      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
+    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
+    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
+    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
+    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
+    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
+    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
+      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, e\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
+    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
+    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
+    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
+    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
+    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ipvWUNm.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ipvWUNm.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..29d2cd41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_ipvWUNm.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
+      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
+    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
+    "w = eps*q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
+    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
+    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
+    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
+    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
+      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
+    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
+    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
+    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
+    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
+    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "w = -qrev\n",
+    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
+    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
+    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
+    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
+      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
+      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
+    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
+    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
+    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "w = -q\n",
+    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
+    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
+    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
+    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
+    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
+    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
+    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
+    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
+    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
+    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
+    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
+    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
+    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
+    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
+    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
+    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
+    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
+    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
+    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
+    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
+    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
+    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
+    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
+    "#print dS6\n",
+    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
+    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
+    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
+    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
+    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
+    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
+    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
+    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
+    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_itFEv6b.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_itFEv6b.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bb478dec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_itFEv6b.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
+      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
+    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
+    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
+    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
+    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
+    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
+    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
+    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
+    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
+    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
+    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
+    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
+    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_iujxmeR.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_iujxmeR.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..860afddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_iujxmeR.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
+      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
+      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
+    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
+    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
+    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
+    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
+    "P0 = 1.\n",
+    "Pl = 10000.\n",
+    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
+    "#Part a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
+    "#Part b\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
+    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
+    "#Part c\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
+    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
+    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
+    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import cos, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
+    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
+    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
+    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
+      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import cos\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
+    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
+    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
+    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
+    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
+    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
+    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_l7idTmT.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_l7idTmT.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bb478dec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_l7idTmT.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
+      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
+    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
+    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
+    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
+    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
+    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
+    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
+    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
+    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
+    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
+    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
+    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
+    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_lzYYAbC.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_lzYYAbC.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d251294
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_lzYYAbC.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 17: Transport Phenomena"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.1:pg-427"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Diffusion coefficient of Argon 1.1e-05 m2/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy import constants\n",
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "M = 0.040                  #Molecualar wt of Argon, kh/mol\n",
+    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DAr = (1./3)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M))*(R*T/(P*N_A*sqrt(2)*sigm))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Diffusion coefficient of Argon %3.1e m2/s'%DAr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.2:pg-428"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon 0.790\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "DHebyAr = 4.0 \n",
+    "MAr, MHe = 39.9, 4.0       #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "P, T = 101325.0, 298.0     #Pressure and Temperature, Pa, K\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "N_A = 6.02214129e+23       #mol^-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "sigHebyAr = (1./DHebyAr)*sqrt(MAr/MHe)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Ratio of collision cross sections of Helium to Argon %4.3f'%sigHebyAr"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.3:pg-430"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "rms displacement at 1000 and 10000 is  0.141 and 0.447 m respectively\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "D = 1.0e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
+    "t1 = 1000                  #Time, s\n",
+    "t10 = 10000                #Time, s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "xrms1 = sqrt(2*D*t1)\n",
+    "xrms10 = sqrt(2*D*t10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'rms displacement at %4d and %4d is  %4.3f and %4.3f m respectively'%(t1,t10,xrms1,xrms10)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.4:pg-432"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Time per random walk is 2.045e-11 s or 20.45 ps\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "D = 2.2e-5                 #Diffusion coefficient of benzene, cm2/s \n",
+    "x0 = 0.3                   #molecular diameter of benzene, nm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "t = (x0*1e-9)**2/(2*D*1e-4)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Time per random walk is %4.3e s or %4.2f ps'%(t,t/1e-12)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.5:pg-434"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mean free path 2.627e-07 m and collisional cross section 1.10e-19 m2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
+    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "sigm = 3.6e-19  #\n",
+    "R = 8.314                  #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23        #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 39.9                   #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "CvmbyNA = 3.*k/2\n",
+    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
+    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
+    "labda = 3*kt/(CvmbyNA*nuavg*N)\n",
+    "sigm = 1/(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Mean free path %4.3e m and collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(labda, sigm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.6:pg-437"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collisional cross section 2.74e-19 m2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "eta = 227.                  #Viscosity of Ar, muP\n",
+    "P = 101325                  #Pressure, Pa\n",
+    "kt = 0.0177                 #Thermal conductivity, J/(K.m.s)\n",
+    "T = 300.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 39.9                    #Molecualar wt of Argon and Neon, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nuavg = sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M*1e-3))\n",
+    "N = NA*P/(R*T)\n",
+    "m = M*1e-3/NA\n",
+    "labda = 3.*eta*1e-7/(nuavg*N*m)          #viscosity in kg m s units\n",
+    "sigm = 1./(sqrt(2)*N*labda)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Collisional cross section %4.2e m2'%(sigm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.7:pg-439"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Flow rate is 2.762e-06 m3/s\n",
+      "Cylinder can be used for 4.381e+06 s nearly 50.7 days\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "m = 22.7                    #Mass of CO2, kg\n",
+    "T = 293.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "L = 1.0                     #length of the tube, m\n",
+    "d = 0.75                    #Diameter of the tube, mm\n",
+    "eta = 146                   #Viscosity of CO2, muP\n",
+    "p1 = 1.05                   #Inlet pressure, atm\n",
+    "p2 = 1.00                   #Outlet pressure, atm\n",
+    "atm2pa = 101325             #Conversion for pressure from atm to Pa \n",
+    "M = 0.044                   #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  J mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "p1 = p1*atm2pa\n",
+    "p2 = p2*atm2pa\n",
+    "F = pi*(d*1e-3/2)**4*(p1**2-p2**2)/(16.*eta/1.e7*L*p2)\n",
+    "nCO2 = m/M\n",
+    "v = nCO2*R*T/((p1+p2)/2)\n",
+    "t = v/F\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Flow rate is %4.3e m3/s'%(F)\n",
+    "print 'Cylinder can be used for %4.3e s nearly %3.1f days'%(t, t/(24*3600))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.8:pg-441"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Radius of protein is 3.550 nm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "eta = 0.891                 #Viscosity of hemoglobin in water, cP\n",
+    "T = 298.0                   #Temperature, K\n",
+    "k = 1.3806488e-23           #Boltzmanconstant,J K^-1\n",
+    "R = 8.314                   #Molar Gas constant,  mol^-1 K^-1\n",
+    "D = 6.9e-11                 #Diffusion coefficient, m2/s \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "r = k*T/(6*pi*eta*1e-3*D)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Radius of protein is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.9:pg-442"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Radius of Lysozyme particle is 1.937 nm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "s = 1.91e-13                #Sedimentation constant, s\n",
+    "NA = 6.02214129e+23         #mol^-1\n",
+    "M = 14100.0                 #Molecualr wt of lysozyme, g/mol\n",
+    "rho = 0.998                 #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
+    "eta = 1.002                 #Viscosity lysozyme in water, cP\n",
+    "T = 293.15                  #Temperature, K\n",
+    "vbar = 0.703                #Specific volume of cm3/g\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "m = M/NA\n",
+    "f = m*(1.-vbar*rho)/s\n",
+    "r = f/(6*pi*eta)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Radius of Lysozyme particle is %4.3f nm'%(r/1e-9)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.10:pg-443"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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f8PVXaamKiohkNnUsMVq6FIYMga98BWbOhCOOiDuRiEjTqWOJQV0d3HcfnHYa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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9adf8d0>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope is 3.78e-04 1/min or 6.299e-06 1/s \n",
+      "Sedimentation factor is 1.899e-13 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t = array([0.0,30.0,60.0,90.0,120.0,150.0])       #Time, min\n",
+    "xb = array([6.00,6.07,6.14,6.21,6.28,6.35])       #Location of boundary layer, cm\n",
+    "rpm = 55000.                                      #RPM of centrifuge \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nx = xb/xb[0]\n",
+    "lnx = log(nx)\n",
+    "A = array([ t, ones(size(t))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,lnx)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
+    "# plotting the line\n",
+    "line = slope*t+intercept # regression line\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "plot(t,line,'-',t,lnx,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ Time, min $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ \\log(x_b/x_{b0}) $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "sbar = (slope/60)/(rpm*2*pi/60)**2\n",
+    "print 'Slope is %6.2e 1/min or %4.3e 1/s '%(slope, slope/60)\n",
+    "print 'Sedimentation factor is %4.3e s'%(sbar)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex17.11:pg-449"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is 0.0258 S.m2/mol\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "LMg = 0.0106                #Ionic conductance for Mg, S.m2/mol\n",
+    "LCl = 0.0076                #Ionic conductance for Cl, S.m2/mol\n",
+    "nMg, nCl = 1, 2             #Coefficients of Mg and Cl  \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "LMgCl2 = nMg*LMg + nCl*LCl\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Molar conductivity of MgCl2 on infinite dilution is %5.4f S.m2/mol'%(LMgCl2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_n1PODAI.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_n1PODAI.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..504b170b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_n1PODAI.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 09: Ideal and Real Solutions"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.2:pg-212"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is -1.371e+04 J\n",
+      "Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous\n",
+      "Entropy change of mixing is 45.99 J/K\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "P = 1.0        #Pressure, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "xb = nb/n\n",
+    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
+    "dGmix = n*R*T*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
+    "dSmix = -n*R*(xb*log(xb)+xt*log(xt))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is %4.3e J'%dGmix\n",
+    "print 'Gibbs energy change of mixing is < 0, hence the mixing is spontaneous'\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of mixing is %4.2f J/K'%dSmix"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.3:pg-214"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total pressure of the vapor is 69.8 torr\n",
+      "Benzene fraction in vapor is 0.837 \n",
+      "Toulene fraction in vapor is 0.163 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
+    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "xb = nb/n\n",
+    "xt = 1. - xb\n",
+    "P = xb*P0b + xt*P0t\n",
+    "y = (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
+    "yt = 1.-y\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total pressure of the vapor is %4.1f torr'%P\n",
+    "print 'Benzene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%y\n",
+    "print 'Toulene fraction in vapor is %4.3f '%yt"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.4:pg-215"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Mass Balance: 6.75*x + 1.5*y - 5.0\n",
+      "Pressure and x: P - 67.5*x - 28.9\n",
+      "Pressure and y: y - 0.0148148148148148*(96.4*P - 2785.96)/P\n",
+      "Pressure is 66.8 torr\n",
+      "Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase 0.561\n",
+      "Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase 0.810\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "nb = 5.00      #Number of moles of Benzene, mol\n",
+    "nt = 3.25      #Number of moles of Toluene, mol\n",
+    "T = 298.15     #Temperature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314      #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "P0b = 96.4     #Vapor pressure of Benzene, torr\n",
+    "P0t = 28.9     #Vapor pressure of Toluene, torr\n",
+    "nv = 1.5       #moles vaporized, mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = nb + nt\n",
+    "nl = n - nv\n",
+    "zb = nb/n\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x,y, P = symbols('x y P')\n",
+    "e1 = nv*(y-zb)-nl*(zb-x)\n",
+    "print 'Mass Balance:', e1\n",
+    "e2 = P - (x*P0b + (1-x)*P0t)\n",
+    "print 'Pressure and x:',e2\n",
+    "e3 = y - (P0b*P - P0t*P0b)/(P*(P0b-P0t))\n",
+    "print 'Pressure and y:', e3\n",
+    "equations = [e1,e2,e3]\n",
+    "sol = solve(equations)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "for i in sol:\n",
+    "    if ((i[x] > 0.0 and i[x] <1.0) and (i[P] > 0.0) and (i[y]>zb and i[y]<1.0)):\n",
+    "        print 'Pressure is %4.1f torr' %i[P]\n",
+    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in liquid phase %4.3f' %i[x]\n",
+    "        print 'Mole fraction of benzene in vapor phase %4.3f' %i[y]\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.6:pg-222"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Freezing point depression -3.94 K\n",
+      "Molecualr wt of solute 274.2 g/mol\n",
+      "Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of 0.980\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 4.50        #Mass of substance dissolved, g\n",
+    "ms = 125.0      #Mass of slovent (CCl4), g\n",
+    "TbE = 0.65      #Boiling point elevation, °C\n",
+    "Kf, Kb = 30.0, 4.95    #Constants for freezing point elevation \n",
+    "                        # and boiling point depression for CCl4, K kg/mol\n",
+    "Msolvent = 153.8  #Molecualr wt of solvent, g/mol\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DTf = -Kf*TbE/Kb\n",
+    "Msolute = Kb*m/(ms*1e-3*TbE)\n",
+    "nsolute = m/Msolute\n",
+    "nsolvent = ms/Msolvent \n",
+    "x = 1.0 -  nsolute/(nsolute + nsolvent)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Freezing point depression %5.2f K'%DTf\n",
+    "print 'Molecualr wt of solute %4.1f g/mol'%Msolute\n",
+    "print 'Vapor pressure of solvent is reduced by a factor of %4.3f'%x"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.7:pg-223"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Osmotic pressure 12.23 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "csolute = 0.500 #Concentration of solute, g/L\n",
+    "R = 8.206e-2    #Gas constant L.atm/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298.15      #Temperature of the solution, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "pii = csolute*R*T\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Osmotic pressure %4.2f atm'%pii\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.8:pg-230"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity of CS2 0.6994 atm\n",
+      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 1.9971 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
+    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
+    "p0CS2 = 512.3   #Total pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alpha = pCS2/p0CS2\n",
+    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.9:pg-230"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity of CS2 0.1783 atm\n",
+      "Activity coefficinet of CS2 0.5090 atm\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "xCS2 = 0.3502   #Mol fraction of CS2, g/L\n",
+    "pCS2 = 358.3    #Partial pressure of CS2, torr\n",
+    "kHCS2 = 2010.   #Total pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alpha = pCS2/kHCS2\n",
+    "gama = alpha/xCS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity of CS2 %5.4f atm'%alpha\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficinet of CS2 %5.4f atm'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.10:pg-231"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Henrys constant = 143.38 torr\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "rho = 789.9     #Density of acetone, g/L\n",
+    "n = 1.0         #moles of acetone, mol\n",
+    "M = 58.08       #Molecular wt of acetone, g/mol\n",
+    "kHacetone = 1950 #Henrys law constant, torr\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "H = n*M*kHacetone/rho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Henrys constant = %5.2f torr'%H"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.11:pg-232"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Activity coefficient = 0.969\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 0.5         #Mass of water, kg\n",
+    "ms = 24.0       #Mass of solute, g\n",
+    "Ms = 241.0      #Molecular wt of solute, g/mol\n",
+    "Tfd = 0.359     #Freezinf point depression, °C or K\n",
+    "kf = 1.86       #Constants for freezing point depression for water, K kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "msolute = ms/(Ms*m)\n",
+    "gama = Tfd/(kf*msolute)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Activity coefficient = %4.3f'%gama"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex9.12:pg-233"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are 2.46e-03,0.123 mol\n",
+      "Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure 2.981 L\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 70.0        #Mass of human body, kg\n",
+    "V = 5.00        #Volume of blood, L\n",
+    "HN2 = 9.04e4    #Henry law constant for N2 solubility in blood, bar\n",
+    "T = 298.0       #Temperature, K\n",
+    "rho = 1.00      #density of blood, kg/L\n",
+    "Mw = 18.02      #Molecualr wt of water, g/mol\n",
+    "X = 80          #Percent of N2 at sea level\n",
+    "p1, p2 = 1.0, 50.0  #Pressures, bar\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "nN21  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p1*X/100)/HN2\n",
+    "nN22  = (V*rho*1e3/Mw)*(p2*X/100)/HN2\n",
+    "V = (nN22-nN21)*R*T/p1\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Number of moles of nitrogen in blood at 1 and 50 bar are %3.2e,%3.3f mol'%(nN21,nN22)\n",
+    "print 'Volume of nitrogen released from blood at reduced pressure %4.3f L'%V"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_nYm4CuE.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_nYm4CuE.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1fc19029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_nYm4CuE.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 1. Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.1:pg-9"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Final Tyre pressure is 3.61e+05 Pa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math \n",
+    "Pi = 3.21e5             #Recommended tyre pressure, Pa\n",
+    "Ti = -5.00              #Initial Tyre temperature, °C\n",
+    "Tf = 28.00              #Final Tyre temperature, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ti = 273.16 + Ti\n",
+    "Tf = 273.16 + Tf\n",
+    "pf = Pi*Tf/Ti           #Final tyre pressure, Pa\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Final Tyre pressure is %6.2e Pa'%pf"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.2:pg-9"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Moles of He=0.121, Ne=0.303 and, Xe=0.040 in mol\n",
+      "Mole fraction of xHe=0.261, xNe=0.652 and, xXe=0.087\n",
+      "Final pressure is 1.917 bar\n",
+      "Partial pressure of pHe=0.500, pNe=1.250 and, pXe=0.167 in bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math \n",
+    "phe = 1.5          #Pressure in Helium chamber, bar\n",
+    "vhe = 2.0          #Volume of Helium chamber, L\n",
+    "pne = 2.5          #Pressure in Neon chamber, bar\n",
+    "vne = 3.0          #Volume of Neon chamber, L\n",
+    "pxe = 1.0          #Pressure in Xenon chamber, bar\n",
+    "vxe = 1.0          #Volume of Xenon chamber, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298            #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "nhe = phe*vhe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Helium, mol\n",
+    "nne = pne*vne/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Neon, mol\n",
+    "nxe = pxe*vxe/(R*T)            #Number of moles of Xenon, mol\n",
+    "n = nhe + nne + nxe            #Total number of moles, mol\n",
+    "V = vhe + vne + vxe            #Total volume of system, L\n",
+    "xhe = nhe/n\n",
+    "xne = nne/n\n",
+    "xxe = nxe/n\n",
+    "P = n*R*T/(V)\n",
+    "phe = P*xhe              #Partial pressure of Helium, bar\n",
+    "pne = P*xne              #Partial pressure of Neon, bar\n",
+    "pxe = P*xxe              #Partial pressure of Xenon, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Moles of He=%4.3f, Ne=%4.3f and, Xe=%4.3f in mol'%(nhe,nne,nxe) \n",
+    "print 'Mole fraction of xHe=%4.3f, xNe=%4.3f and, xXe=%4.3f'%(xhe,xne,xxe)\n",
+    "print 'Final pressure is %4.3f bar'%P\n",
+    "print 'Partial pressure of pHe=%4.3f, pNe=%4.3f and, pXe=%4.3f in bar'%(phe,pne,pxe)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex1.4:pg-12"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 9.98e-02 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 9.98e-02 bar \n",
+      "Pressure from ideal gas law = 249.4 bar nad from Van der Waals equation = 269.9 bar \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math \n",
+    "T = 300.0               #Nitrogen temperature, K\n",
+    "v1 = 250.00             #Molar volume, L\n",
+    "v2 = 0.1                #Molar volume, L\n",
+    "a = 1.37                #Van der Waals parameter a, bar.dm6/mol2 \n",
+    "b = 0.0387              #Van der Waals parameter b, dm3/mol\n",
+    "R = 8.314e-2            #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "n = 1.\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p1 = n*R*T/v1           \n",
+    "p2 = n*R*T/v2\n",
+    "pv1 = n*R*T/(v1-n*b)- n**2*a/v1**2\n",
+    "pv2 = n*R*T/(v2-n*b)- n**2*a/v2**2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.2e bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.2e bar '%(p1, pv1)\n",
+    "print 'Pressure from ideal gas law = %4.1f bar nad from Van der Waals equation = %4.1f bar '%(p2, pv2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_oGvJtYD.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_oGvJtYD.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..29d2cd41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_oGvJtYD.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 5: Enthalpy and the Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.1:pg-90"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Efficiency of heat engine is 0.600\n",
+      "Work done by heat engine is 600.0 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "Th, Tc = 500.,200.     #Temeperatures IN Which reversible heat engine works, K\n",
+    "q = 1000.              #Heat absorbed by heat engine, J\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "eps = 1.-Tc/Th\n",
+    "w = eps*q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Efficiency of heat engine is %4.3f'%eps\n",
+    "print 'Work done by heat engine is %4.1f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.4:pg-94"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 24.43 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 320.,650.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 80.,120.      #Initial and final state volume of CO2, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 31.08,-0.01452,3.1415e-5,-1.4973e-8\n",
+    "                       #Constants in constant volume Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*R*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "dS = dS1 + dS2\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.5:pg-94"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 48.55 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 2.5                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 450.,800.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
+    "                       #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3)/T, (T,Ti,Tf)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*R*log(pf/pi)\n",
+    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.6:pg-95"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of process is 58.2 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term 2.8e-05\n",
+      "hence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 3.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "Ti, Tf = 300.,600.     #Initial and final state Temeperatures of CO2, K\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.00,3.00     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "cpm = 27.98            #Specific heat of mercury, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "M = 200.59             #Molecualr wt of mercury, g/(mol)\n",
+    "beta = 1.81e-4         #per K\n",
+    "rho = 13.54            #Density of mercury, g/cm3\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "dS1 = n*cpm*log(Tf/Ti)\n",
+    "dS2 = n*(M/(rho*1e6))*beta*(pf-pi)*1e5\n",
+    "dS = dS1 - dS2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of process is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS\n",
+    "print 'Ratio of pressure to temperature dependent term %3.1e\\nhence effect of pressure dependent term isvery less'%(dS2/dS1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.7:pg-99"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change of surrounding is  7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Total Entropy changeis  0.0 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "w = -qrev\n",
+    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
+    "dSsur = -dSsys\n",
+    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
+    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.8:pg-100"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Constant external pressure and initial pressure are 2.494e+05 J,and 9.977e+04 J respectively\n",
+      "Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are -2285.4 J,and -3741.3 J respectively\n",
+      "Entropy change of system is -7.6 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Entropy change of surrounding is 12.47 J/(mol.K)\n",
+      "Total Entropy changeis 4.85 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "T = 300.0              #Temeperatures of Water bath, K\n",
+    "vi, vf = 25.0,10.0     #Initial and final state Volume of Ideal Gas, L\n",
+    "R = 8.314              #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "pext = n*R*T/(vf/1e3)\n",
+    "pi = n*R*T/(vi/1e3)\n",
+    "q = pext*(vf-vi)/1e3\n",
+    "qrev = n*R*T*log(vf/vi)\n",
+    "w = -q\n",
+    "dSsur = -q/T\n",
+    "dSsys = qrev/T\n",
+    "dS = dSsys + dSsur\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Constant external pressure and initial pressure are %4.3e J,and %4.3e J respectively'%(pext,pi)\n",
+    "print 'Heat in reverssible and irreversible processes are %4.1f J,and %4.1f J respectively'%(qrev,q)\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of system is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dSsys\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change of surrounding is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dSsur\n",
+    "print 'Total Entropy changeis %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.9:pg-103"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is 204.8 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2\n",
+    "pi, pf = 1.35,3.45     #Initial and final state pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "D1 = 2.11e-3           #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for K<T<12.97K, in J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = -5.666,0.6927,-5.191e-3,9.943e-4\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 12.97<T<23.66, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A3, B3, C3, D3 = 31.70,-2.038,0.08384,-6.685e-4\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 23.66<T<43.76, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A4 = 46.094 #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 43.76<T<54.39, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A5, B5, C5, D5 = 81.268,-1.1467,0.01516,-6.407e-5\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 54.39<T<90.20K, J, mol, K units\n",
+    "A6, B6, C6, D6 = 32.71,-0.04093,1.545e-4,-1.819e-7\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for 90.20<T<298.15 KJ, mol, K units\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K) \n",
+    "Ltrans1 = 93.80   #Entalpy of transition at 23.66K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans2 = 743.0   #Entalpy of transition at 43.76K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans3 = 445.0   #Entalpy of transition at 54.39K, J/mol\n",
+    "Ltrans4 = 6815.   #Entalpy of transition at 90.20K, J/mol\n",
+    "T1 = 12.97        #Maximum applicabliltiy temeprature for first heat capacity equation, K\n",
+    "T12 = 23.66       #Phase Change temperature from Solid III--II, K\n",
+    "T23 = 43.76       #Phase Change temperature from Solid II--I, K\n",
+    "T34 = 54.39       #Phase Change temperature from Solid I--liquid, K\n",
+    "T45 = 90.20       #Phase Change temperature from liquid--gas, K\n",
+    "Ts = 298.15       #Std. Temeprature, K\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dS1 = n*integrate( (D1*T**3)/T, (T,0,T1)) \n",
+    "dS2 = n*integrate( (A2 + B2*T + C2*T**2 + D2*T**3)/T, (T,T1,T12)) \n",
+    "dS21 = Ltrans1/T12\n",
+    "dS3 = n*integrate( (A3 + B3*T + C3*T**2 + D3*T**3)/T, (T,T12,T23)) \n",
+    "dS31 = Ltrans2/T23\n",
+    "dS4 = n*integrate( (A4)/T, (T,T23,T34)) \n",
+    "dS41 = Ltrans3/T34\n",
+    "dS5 = n*integrate( (A5 + B5*T + C5*T**2 + D5*T**3)/T, (T,T34,T45)) \n",
+    "dS51 = Ltrans4/T45\n",
+    "dS6 = n*integrate( (A6 + B6*T + C6*T**2 + D6*T**3)/T, (T,T45,Ts))\n",
+    "#print dS1+dS2,dS21\n",
+    "#print dS3, dS31\n",
+    "#print dS4, dS41\n",
+    "#print dS5, dS51\n",
+    "#print dS6\n",
+    "dS = dS1+dS2+dS21+dS3+dS31+dS4+dS41+dS5+dS51+dS6\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change Sm0 for O2 is %4.1f J/(mol.K)'%dS"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex5.10:pg-105"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Entropy change for reaction at  475 K is -88.26 J/(mol.K)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import integrate, symbols\n",
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "n = 1.0                #Number of moles of CO2 formed, mol\n",
+    "p = 1.                 #Pressure of CO2, K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "A1, B1, C1, D1 = 18.86,7.937e-2,-6.7834e-5,2.4426e-8\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO2, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A2, B2, C2, D2 = 30.81,-1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, 0.0\n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for O2, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "A3, B3, C3, D3 =  31.08,-1.452e-2,3.1415e-5 ,-1.4793e-8          \n",
+    "        #Constants in constant pressure Heat capacity equation for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298CO = 197.67   #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298CO2 = 213.74  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "DSr298O2 = 205.138  #Std. Entropy change for CO, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Tr = 475.           #Reaction temperature, K\n",
+    "Ts = 298.15         #Std. temperature, K\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "v1,v2,v3 = 1.,1./2,1.\n",
+    "DSr = DSr298CO2*v1 - DSr298CO*v1 - DSr298O2*v2\n",
+    "DA = v1*A1-v2*A2-v3*A3\n",
+    "DB = v1*B1-v2*B2-v3*B3\n",
+    "DC = v1*C1-v2*C2-v3*C3\n",
+    "DD = v1*D1-v2*D2-v3*D3\n",
+    "dS = DSr + n*integrate( (DA + DB*T + DC*T**2 + DD*T**3)/T, (T,Ts,Tr)) \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Entropy change for reaction at %4d K is %4.2f J/(mol.K)'%(Tr,dS)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_p39uorO.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_p39uorO.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2b5ef632
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_p39uorO.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 10: Electrolyte Solutions"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex10.2:Pg-252"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is 0.050 and for Na2SO4 solution is 0.150, mol/kg\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "M = 0.050       #Molarity for NaCl and Na2SO4 solution, mol/kg\n",
+    "npa, zpa = 1, 1\n",
+    "nma, zma = 1, 1\n",
+    "npb, zpb = 2, 1\n",
+    "nmb, zmb = 1, 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ia = M*(npa*zpa**2 + nma*zma**2)/2\n",
+    "Ib = M*(npb*zpb**2 + nmb*zmb**2)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Ionic streangth for NaCl solution is %4.3f and for Na2SO4 solution is %4.3f, mol/kg'%(Ia,Ib)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pDWrAlY.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pDWrAlY.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..887d09f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pDWrAlY.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 18: Elementary Chemical Kinetics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.2:pg-461"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 2.00\n",
+      "Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: 1.00\n",
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.201e+08 1./(M.s)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ca0 = [2.3e-4,4.6e-4,9.2e-4]       #Initial Concentration of A, M\n",
+    "Cb0 = [3.1e-5,6.2e-5,6.2e-5]       #Initial Concentration of B, M\n",
+    "Ri  = [5.25e-4,4.2e-3,1.68e-2]     #Initial rate of reaction, M\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "alp = log(Ri[1]/Ri[2])/log(Ca0[1]/Ca0[2])\n",
+    "beta = (log(Ri[0]/Ri[1]) - 2*log((Ca0[0]/Ca0[1])))/(log(Cb0[0]/Cb0[1]))\n",
+    "k = Ri[2]/(Ca0[2]**2*Cb0[2]**beta)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%alp\n",
+    "print 'Order of reaction with respect to reactant A: %3.2f'%beta\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1./(M.s)'%k"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.3:pg-466"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 3.381e-05 1/s\n",
+      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 1.511e+04 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t1by2 = 2.05e4       #Half life for first order decomposition of N2O5, s\n",
+    "x = 60.              #percentage decay of N2O5\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
+    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
+    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.4:pg-467 "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Rate constant of the reaction: 1.203e-04 1/s\n",
+      "Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: 4.245e+03 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "t1by2 = 5760       #Half life for C14, years\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "k = log(2)/t1by2\n",
+    "t = -log(x/100)/k\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#REsults\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant of the reaction: %4.3e 1/s'%k\n",
+    "print 'Timerequire for 60 percent decay of N2O5: %4.3e s'%t"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.5:pg-472"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Time required for maximum concentration of A: 13.86 s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "kAbykI = 2.0       #Ratio of rate constants\n",
+    "kA = 0.1           #First order rate constant for rxn 1, 1/s \n",
+    "kI = 0.05          #First order rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "tmax = 1/(kA-kI)*log(kA/kI)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Time required for maximum concentration of A: %4.2f s'%tmax"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.7:pg-476"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: 6.67 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "T = 22.0           #Temperature of the reaction,°C\n",
+    "k1 = 7.0e-4        #Rate constants for rxn 1, 1/s\n",
+    "k2 = 4.1e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 2, 1/s \n",
+    "k3 = 5.7e-3        #Rate constant for rxn 3, 1/s \n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "phiP1 = k1/(k1+k2+k3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Percentage of Benzyl Penicillin that under acid catalyzed reaction by path 1: %4.2f '%(phiP1*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.8:pg-477"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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x4M0FjBk/hkVLFtG2RVvNpis2SkYiImtHs+lERKTkKBmJiEh0SkYiIhKdkpGI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\nYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9358710>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are, -6419.8 and 14.45\n",
+      "Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are 53.37 kJ/mol and 1.88e+06 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,log, exp, size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot, show, xlabel, ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "T = array([22.7,27.2,33.7,38.0])\n",
+    "k1 = array([7.e-4,9.8e-4,1.6e-3,2.e-3])\n",
+    "R = 8.314 \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = T +273.15\n",
+    "x = 1./T\n",
+    "y = log(k1)\n",
+    "A = array([ x, ones(size(x))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[slope, intercept] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,y)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Use w[0] and w[1] for your calculations and give good structure to this ipython notebook\n",
+    "# plotting the line\n",
+    "line = slope*x+intercept # regression line\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "plot(x,line,'-',x,y,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ 1/T, K^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ log(k) $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "Ea = -slope*R\n",
+    "A = exp(intercept)\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are, %6.1f and %4.2f'%(slope, intercept)\n",
+    "print 'Pre-exponential factor and Activation energy are %4.2f kJ/mol and %4.2e 1/s'%(Ea/1e3, A)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.9:pg-482"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Forward Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n",
+      "Backward Rate constant is 4.34e+04 1/s\n",
+      "Apperent Rate constant is 4.34e+08 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ea = 42.e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
+    "A  = 1.e12      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
+    "T = 298.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "Kc = 1.0e4      #Equilibrium constant for reaction\n",
+    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "kB = A*exp(-Ea/(R*T))\n",
+    "kA = kB*Kc\n",
+    "kApp = kA + kB\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kA\n",
+    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kB\n",
+    "print 'Apperent Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%kApp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.10:pg-492"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Estimated rate 6.4e+13 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of 4.0e+07 1/(M.s), \n",
+      "hence the reaction is not diffusion controlled\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import pi\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Dh = 7.6e-7     #Diffusion coefficient of Hemoglobin, cm2/s\n",
+    "Do2 = 2.2e-5    #Diffusion coefficient of oxygen, cm2/s\n",
+    "rh = 35.        #Radius of Hemoglobin, °A\n",
+    "ro2 = 2.0       #Radius of Oxygen, °A\n",
+    "k = 4e7         #Rate constant for binding of O2 to Hemoglobin, 1/(M.s)\n",
+    "NA =6.022e23    #Avagadro Number\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DA = Dh + Do2\n",
+    "kd = 4*pi*NA*(rh+ro2)*1e-8*DA\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Estimated rate %4.1e 1/(M.s) is far grater than experimental value of %4.1e 1/(M.s), \\nhence the reaction is not diffusion controlled'%(kd,k)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex18.11:pg-494"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Forward Rate constant is 9.90e+04 1/s\n",
+      "Backward Rate constant is -12.72 1/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, e\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "Ea = 104e3      #Activation energy for reaction, J/mol\n",
+    "A  = 1.e13      #Pre-exponential factor for reaction, 1/s\n",
+    "T = 300.0       #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "R = 8.314       #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34   #Plnak constant, Js\n",
+    "c = 1.0         #Std. State concentration, M\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23    #,J/K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dH = Ea - 2*R*T\n",
+    "dS = R*log(A*h*c/(k*T*e**2))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Forward Rate constant is %4.2e 1/s'%dH\n",
+    "print 'Backward Rate constant is %4.2f 1/s'%dS"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pFmGzk0.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pFmGzk0.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..81a699eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pFmGzk0.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 19: Complex Reaction Mechanism "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.1:pg-511"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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2eS/pVklLJU0vaNtO0lhJcyQ9Kmnbgq9dLmmupNmS+ha095I0XdILkkYWtLeT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\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9aa4048>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Km and k2 are 10.0 mM and 1.1e+05 s-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg,size\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Ce = 2.3e-9        #Initial value of enzyme concentration, M\n",
+    "r = array([2.78e-5,5.e-5,8.33e-5,1.67e-4])\n",
+    "CCO2 = array([1.25e-3,2.5e-3,5.e-3,20.e-3])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "rinv = 1./r\n",
+    "CCO2inv = 1./CCO2\n",
+    "xlim(0,850)\n",
+    "ylim(0,38000)\n",
+    "xi = CCO2inv\n",
+    "A = array([ CCO2inv, ones(size(CCO2inv))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,rinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "slope = w[0]\n",
+    "intercept = w[1]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "line = w[0]*CCO2inv+w[1] # regression line\n",
+    "plot(CCO2inv,line,'r-',CCO2inv,rinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ {C_{CO}}_2, mM^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ Rate^{-1}, s/M^{-1} $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "rmax = 1./intercept\n",
+    "k2 = rmax/Ce\n",
+    "Km = slope*rmax\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Km and k2 are %4.1f mM and %3.1e s-1'%(Km*1e3,k2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.2:pg-517"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x9acd4a8>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are 0.3449 torr.g/cm3 and 0.0293 g/cm3\n",
+      "K and Vm are 8.48e-02 Torr^-1 and 34.2 cm3/g\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "Vads = array([5.98,7.76,10.1,12.35,16.45,18.05,19.72,21.1])   #Adsorption data at 193.5K\n",
+    "P = array([2.45,3.5,5.2,7.2,11.2,12.8,14.6,16.1])             #Pressure, torr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Vinv = 1./Vads\n",
+    "Pinv =1./P\n",
+    "xlim(0,0.5)\n",
+    "ylim(0,0.2)\n",
+    "A = array([ Pinv, ones(size(Pinv))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "w = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Vinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "m = w[0]\n",
+    "c = w[1]\n",
+    "line = m*Pinv+c # regression line\n",
+    "plot(Pinv,line,'r-',Pinv,Vinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ 1/P, Torr^{-1} $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ 1/V_{abs}, cm^{-1}g $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "Vm = 1./c\n",
+    "K = 1./(m*Vm)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are %5.4f torr.g/cm3 and %5.4f g/cm3'%(m,c)\n",
+    "print 'K and Vm are %4.2e Torr^-1 and %3.1f cm3/g'%(K,Vm)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.4:pg-533"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "image/png": 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qmUlEklQzk4gkqWYmEUlSzf4/9Fa7EFJttIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa641f28>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Slope and intercept are kq = 3.1995e+09 per s and kf = 2.1545e+06 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from numpy import arange,array,ones,linalg\n",
+    "from matplotlib.pylab import plot,show,xlim,ylim,xlabel,ylabel\n",
+    "%matplotlib inline\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable declaration\n",
+    "CBr = array([0.0005,0.001,0.002,0.003,0.005])                    #C6Br6 concentration, M\n",
+    "tf = array([2.66e-7,1.87e-7,1.17e-7,8.50e-8,5.51e-8])            #Fluroscence life time, s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Tfinv = 1./tf\n",
+    "xlim(0,0.006)\n",
+    "ylim(0,2.e7)\n",
+    "A = array([ CBr, ones(size(CBr))])\n",
+    "# linearly generated sequence\n",
+    "[m,c] = linalg.lstsq(A.T,Tfinv)[0] # obtaining the parameters\n",
+    "\n",
+    "line = m*CBr+c # regression line\n",
+    "plot(CBr,line,'r-',CBr,Tfinv,'o')\n",
+    "xlabel('$ Br_6C_6, M $')\n",
+    "ylabel('$ tau_f $')\n",
+    "show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Slope and intercept are kq = %5.4e per s and kf = %5.4e per s'%(m,c)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.5:pg-536"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Separation Distance at decreased efficiency 11.53\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from scipy.optimize import root\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "r = 11.          #Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
+    "r0 = 9.          #Initial Distance of residue separation, °A\n",
+    "EffD = 0.2      #Fraction decrease in eff\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Effi = r0**6/(r0**6+r**6)\n",
+    "Eff = Effi*(1-EffD)\n",
+    "f = lambda r: r0**6/(r0**6+r**6) - Eff\n",
+    "sol = root(f, 12)\n",
+    "rn = sol.x[0]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Separation Distance at decreased efficiency %4.2f'%rn"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.6:pg-538"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total photon energy absorbed by sample 2.7e+03 J\n",
+      "Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is 7.1e-19 J\n",
+      "Total number of photon absorbed by sample 3.8e+21 photones\n",
+      "Overall quantum yield 0.40\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "mr = 2.5e-3        #Moles reacted, mol\n",
+    "P = 100.0          #Irradiation Power, J/s\n",
+    "t = 27             #Time of irradiation, s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34      #Planks constant, Js\n",
+    "c = 3.0e8          #Speed of light, m/s\n",
+    "labda = 280e-9     #Wavelength of light, m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "Eabs = P*t\n",
+    "Eph = h*c/labda\n",
+    "nph = Eabs/Eph     #moles of photone\n",
+    "phi = mr/6.31e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total photon energy absorbed by sample %3.1e J'%Eabs\n",
+    "print 'Photon energy absorbed at 280 nm is %3.1e J'%Eph\n",
+    "print 'Total number of photon absorbed by sample %3.1e photones'%nph\n",
+    "print 'Overall quantum yield %4.2f'%phi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex19.7:pg-542"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "DGS = 0.111 eV\n",
+      "Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer 2.66e+07 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "#Variable Declarations\n",
+    "r = 2.0e9          #Rate constant for electron transfer, per s\n",
+    "labda = 1.2        #Gibss energy change, eV\n",
+    "DG = -1.93         #Gibss energy change for 2-naphthoquinoyl, eV\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23       #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "T = 298.0          #Temeprature, K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "DGS = (DG+labda)**2/(4*labda)\n",
+    "k193 = r*exp(-DGS*1.6e-19/(k*T))\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'DGS = %5.3f eV'%DGS\n",
+    "print 'Rate constant with barrier to electron transfer %3.2e per s'%k193"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pYROsHW.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pYROsHW.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..351d347c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pYROsHW.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 3: Importance of State Functions: Internal Energy and Enthalpy"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.2:pg-49"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure increase in capillary 100.0 bar\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "betaOH = 11.2e-4           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of ethanol, °C\n",
+    "betagl = 2.00e-5           #Thermal  exapnasion coefficient of glass, °C\n",
+    "kOH = 11.0e-5              #Isothermal compressibility of ethanol, /bar\n",
+    "dT = 10.0                  #Increase in Temperature, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "vfbyvi = (1+ betagl*dT)\n",
+    "dP = betaOH*dT/kOH-(1./kOH)*log(vfbyvi)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure increase in capillary %4.1f bar'%dP"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.4:pg-53"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +- 6.0 °C\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "cpsubysy = 1000           #Specific heat ration of surrounding and system\n",
+    "Tpreci = 0.006             #Precision in Temperature measurement, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "dtgas = -cpsubysy*(-Tpreci)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Minimum detectable temperature change of gas +-%4.1f °C'%dtgas"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.6:pg-54"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dUT = 24.4 J: This is wrongly reported in book\n",
+      "dUV = 4174.1 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 1.0           #number of mole of N2, mol     \n",
+    "Ti = 200.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pi = 5.00         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
+    "Tf = 400.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pf = 20.0         #Initial pressure, bar\n",
+    "a = 0.137         #van der Waals constant a, Pa.m3/(mol2)\n",
+    "b = 3.87e-5       #van der Waals constant b, m3/(mol)\n",
+    "A, B, C, D = 22.5, -1.187e-2,2.3968e-5, -1.0176e-8\n",
+    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
+    "vi = 3.28e-3      #initial volume, m3/mol\n",
+    "vf = 7.88e-3      #Final volume, m3/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dUT = n**2*a*(1./vi-1./vf)\n",
+    "dUV = integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'dUT = %4.1f J: This is wrongly reported in book'%dUT\n",
+    "print 'dUV = %4.1f J'%dUV"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.7:pg-57"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "dH =   46.8 kJ\n",
+      "qp =   30.8 kJ\n",
+      "Error in calculations 34.3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, integrate\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 143.0         #Mass of graphite, g     \n",
+    "Ti = 300.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Tf = 600.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "A, B, C, D, E = -12.19,0.1126,-1.947e-4,1.919e-7,-7.8e-11\n",
+    "                  #Constants in Cvm equation J, K and mol\n",
+    "M = 12.01\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "\n",
+    "T = symbols('T')\n",
+    "dH = (m/M)*integrate( A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4, (T,Ti,Tf))\n",
+    "expr = A + B*T + C*T**2 + D*T**3 + E*T**4\n",
+    "cpm = expr.subs(T,300.)\n",
+    "qp = (m/M)*cpm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "err = abs(dH-qp)/dH\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'dH = %6.1f kJ'%(dH/1000)\n",
+    "print 'qp = %6.1f kJ'%(qp/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Error in calculations %4.1f'%(err*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex3.9:pg-59"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is 39.9 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 124.0         #Mass of liquid methanol, g\n",
+    "Pi = 1.0          #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Ti = 298.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "Pf = 2.5          #Final Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Tf = 425.0        #Intial Temperature, K\n",
+    "rho = 0.791       #Density, g/cc\n",
+    "Cpm = 81.1        #Specifi heat, J/(K.mol)\n",
+    "M = 32.04\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "n = m/M\n",
+    "DH = n*Cpm*(Tf-Ti)+ m*(Pf-Pi)*1e-6/rho\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Enthalpy change for change in state of methanol is %4.1f kJ'%(DH/1000)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pmrshQK.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pmrshQK.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cfc07351
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_pmrshQK.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 16: Kinetic Theory of Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.1:pg-407"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are  498,  244 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
+    "MNe = 0.020       #Molecular wt of Ne, kg/mol\n",
+    "MKr = 0.083       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "vmpNe = sqrt(2*R*T/MNe)\n",
+    "vmpKr = sqrt(2*R*T/MKr)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Most probable speed of Ne and Krypton at 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmpNe,vmpKr)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.2:pg-411"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\n",
+      "at 298 K are  352,  397,  431 m/s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperatureof Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "vmp = sqrt(2*R*T/M)\n",
+    "vave = sqrt(8*R*T/(M*pi))\n",
+    "vrms = sqrt(3*R*T/M)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum, average, root mean square speed of Ar\\nat 298 K are %4.0f, %4.0f, %4.0f m/s'%(vmp,vave,vrms)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.4, Page Numbe 413"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Number of Collisions 2.45e+27  per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt,pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "P = 101325        #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Zc = P*NA/sqrt(2*pi*R*T*M)\n",
+    "Nc = Zc*V \n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Number of Collisions %4.2e  per s'%(Nc)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.5:pg-414"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is 9.996e-03 Pa\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi,exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.040         #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "P0 = 1013.25      #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "V = 1.0           #Volume of Container, L\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "t = 3600          #time of effusion, s\n",
+    "A = 0.01          #Area, um2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "A = A*1e-12\n",
+    "V = V*1e-3\n",
+    "expo = (A*t/V)*(k*T/(2*pi*M/NA))\n",
+    "P = P0*exp(-expo)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Pressure after 1 hr of effusion is %4.3e Pa'%(P/101325)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.6:pg-417"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Single particle collisional frequency is 6.9e+09 per s\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "M = 0.044         #Molecular wt of CO2, kg/mol\n",
+    "P  = 101325       #Pressure, N/m2\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "sigm = 5.2e-19    #m2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "zCO2 = (P*NA/(R*T))*sigm*sqrt(2)*sqrt(8*R*T/(pi*M)) \n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Single particle collisional frequency is %4.1e per s'%(zCO2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex16.7:pg-417"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Collisional frequency is 3.14e+34 m-3s-1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import sqrt, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "T = 298           #Temperature of Gas, K\n",
+    "MAr = 0.04        #Molecular wt of Ar, kg/mol\n",
+    "MKr = 0.084       #Molecular wt of Kr, kg/mol\n",
+    "pAr  = 360        #Partial Pressure Ar, torr\n",
+    "pKr  = 400        #Partial Pressure Kr, torr\n",
+    "rAr = 0.17e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Ar, m\n",
+    "rKr = 0.20e-9     #Hard sphere radius of Kr, m\n",
+    "NA = 6.022e23     #Number of particles per mol\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23      #Boltzmann constant, J/K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "pAr = pAr*101325/760\n",
+    "pKr = pKr*101325/760\n",
+    "p1 = pAr*NA/(R*T)\n",
+    "p2 = pKr*NA/(R*T)\n",
+    "sigm = pi*(rAr+rKr)**2\n",
+    "mu = MAr*MKr/((MAr+MKr)*NA)\n",
+    "p3 = sqrt(8*k*T/(pi*mu)) \n",
+    "zArKr = p1*p2*sigm*p3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Collisional frequency is %4.2e m-3s-1'%(zArKr)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rZBRh0H.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rZBRh0H.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bb478dec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_rZBRh0H.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 07: Properties of Real Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex7.3:pg-175"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "(V-Videal) -6.49 L\n",
+      "Percentage error -58.73\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "m = 1.0           #Mass of Methane, kg\n",
+    "T = 230           #Temeprature of Methane, K\n",
+    "P = 68.0          #Pressure, bar \n",
+    "Tc = 190.56       #Critical Temeprature of Methane\n",
+    "Pc = 45.99        #Critical Pressure of Methane\n",
+    "R = 0.08314       #Ideal Gas Constant, L.bar/(mol.K)\n",
+    "M = 16.04         #Molecular wt of Methane\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "Tr = T/Tc\n",
+    "Pr = P/Pc\n",
+    "z = 0.63          #Methane compressibility factor\n",
+    "n = m*1e3/M\n",
+    "V = z*n*R*T/P\n",
+    "Vig = n*R*T/P\n",
+    "DV = (V - Vig)/V\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print '(V-Videal) %4.2f L'%(V-Vig)\n",
+    "print 'Percentage error %5.2f'%(DV*100)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_uhvyTbu.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_uhvyTbu.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7f1b328b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_uhvyTbu.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 11: Electrochemical Cells, Batteries, and Fuel Cells"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.1:pg-265"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The potential of H+/H2 half cell 0.0083 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, sqrt\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "aH = 0.770        #Activity of \n",
+    "fH2 = 1.13        #Fugacity of Hydrogen gas\n",
+    "E0 = 0.0          #Std. electrode potential, V\n",
+    "n = 1.0           #Number of electrons transfered\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "E = E0 - (0.05916/n)*log(aH/sqrt(fH2),10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The potential of H+/H2 half cell %5.4f V'%E"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.2:pg-266"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "0.689 1.019\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E0r1 = -0.877       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)                   \n",
+    "E0r2 = -1.660       #Std Electrod potential for Rx2 : Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al (s)\n",
+    "E0r3 = +0.071       #Std Electrod potential for Rx3 : AgBr (s) + e- ------> Ag(s) +Br- (aq.)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "#3Fe(OH)2 (s)+ 2Al (s)  <---------> 3Fe (s)  + 6(OH-) + 2Al3+\n",
+    "E0a = 3*E0r1 + (-2)*E0r2\n",
+    "#Fe (s) + 2OH- +   2AgBr (s) -------> Fe(OH)2 (s)  + 2Ag(s) +  2Br- (aq.)\n",
+    "E0b = -E0r1 + (2)*E0r3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print '%5.3f %5.3f'%(E0a,E0b)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.3:pg-267"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "E0 for overall reaction is -0.041 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E01 = 0.771      #Rx1 : Fe3+ + e- -----> Fe2+\n",
+    "E02 = -0.447     #Rx2 : Fe2+ + 2e- -----> Fe\n",
+    "F = 96485        #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n1,n2,n3 = 1.,2.,3.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dG01 = -n1*F*E01\n",
+    "dG02 = -n2*F*E02\n",
+    "                #For overall reaction\n",
+    "dG0 = dG01 + dG02\n",
+    "E0Fe3byFe = -dG0/(n3*F)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'E0 for overall reaction is %5.3f V'%(E0Fe3byFe)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.4:pg-268"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is -2.32e+02 and\n",
+      "Std entropy values is -2.41e+02 V\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E01 = +1.36             #Std. electrode potential for Cl2/Cl\n",
+    "dE0bydT = -1.20e-3      #V/K\n",
+    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "S0H = 0.0               #Std. entropy J/(K.mol) for H+ ,Cl-,H2, Cl2 \n",
+    "S0Cl = 56.5\n",
+    "S0H2 = 130.7\n",
+    "S0Cl2 = 223.1\n",
+    "nH, nCl, nH2, nCl2 = 2, 2, -1,-1\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "dS01 = n*F*dE0bydT\n",
+    "dS02 =nH*S0H + nCl*S0Cl + nH2*S0H2 + nCl2*S0Cl2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Std. entropy change of reaction from dE0bydT is %4.2e and\\nStd entropy values is %4.2e V'%(dS01,dS02)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.5:pg-269"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.55e+37\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E0 = +1.10              #Std. electrode potential for Danniel cell, V\n",
+    "                        #Zn(s) + Cu++ ----->  Zn2+   +  Cu\n",
+    "T = 298.15              #V/K\n",
+    "F = 96485               #Faraday constant, C/mol\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "R = 8.314               #Gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "K = exp(n*F*E0/(R*T))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(K)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.6:pg-269"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Equilibrium constant for reaction is 1.57e-10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E = +0.29               #Cell emf, V\n",
+    "n = 2.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ksp = 10**(-n*E/0.05916)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Equilibrium constant for reaction is %4.2e'%(Ksp)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex11.8:pg-272"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are 2.27 V, 0.71 V, and -0.18 V\n",
+      "Zn has positive cell potential of 2.272 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n",
+      "Ag has positive cell potential of 0.710 V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "E = +1.51               #EMF for reduction of permangnet, V\n",
+    "E01 = -0.7618           #Zn2+  + 2e-  -------->  Zn (s)\n",
+    "E02 = +0.7996           #Ag+  + e-  -------->  Ag (s)\n",
+    "E03 = +1.6920           #Au+  + e-  -------->  Au (s)        \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "EZn = E - E01\n",
+    "EAg = E - E02\n",
+    "EAu = E - E03\n",
+    "animals = {\"parrot\": 2, \"fish\": 6}\n",
+    "Er = {\"Zn\":EZn,\"Ag\":EAg,\"Au\":EAu}\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Cell potentials for Zn, Ag, Au are %4.2f V, %4.2f V, and %4.2f V'%(EZn, EAg,EAu)\n",
+    "for i in Er:\n",
+    "    if Er[i] >0.0:\n",
+    "        print '%s has positive cell potential of %4.3f V and Can be oxidized bypermangnate ion' %(i,Er[i])\n",
+    "    "
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_wQuh21z.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_wQuh21z.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..430c21a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_wQuh21z.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Varible declaration\n",
+    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
+    "Prob = 0\n",
+    "for x in n:\n",
+    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
+    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
+    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "M = n1*n1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
+    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
+    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
+    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
+      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
+    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
+    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
+    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
+    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
+    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
+    "\n",
+    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
+    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
+    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
+    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
+    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
+      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
+      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
+      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial, log\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
+    "for i in N:\n",
+    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
+    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
+    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
+    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
+    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "sum = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(52):\n",
+    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
+      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "from scipy import integrate\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
+    "Pt = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
+    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
+    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
+    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
+    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
+    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
+    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
+    "f1 = A1/At\n",
+    "f2 = A2/At\n",
+    "f3 = A3/At\n",
+    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
+    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
+    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xaYpfMh.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xaYpfMh.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..430c21a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xaYpfMh.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 12: Probability"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.1:pg-295"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of picking up any one ball is 1.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Varible declaration\n",
+    "n = range(1,51,1)\n",
+    "Prob = 0\n",
+    "for x in n:\n",
+    "    Prob = 1./len(n) + Prob\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of picking up any one ball is %3.1f'%Prob"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.2:pg-296"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of 52 cards is 1/4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
+    "nheart = 13     #Number of cards with hearts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Pe = Fraction(nheart,n)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of one (heart)card picked from a std. stack of %d cards is'%n,Pe"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.3:pg-297"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is 311875200\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52          #Total cards\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "TotalM = n*(n-1)*(n-2)*(n-3)*(n-4)\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total number of Five card arrangment from a deck of 52 cards is %d'%TotalM"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.4:pg-297"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Possible spin states for excited state are  4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n1 = 2         #Two spin states for 1st electron in orbit 1\n",
+    "n2 = 2         #Two spin states for 2nd electron in orbit 2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "M = n1*n1\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Possible spin states for excited state are %2d'%M"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.5:pg-298"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are    95040\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 12         #Total Number of players \n",
+    "j = 5          #Number player those can play match\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "P = factorial(n)/factorial(n-j)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Possible permutations for 5 player to play are %8d'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.6:pg-299"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are  2598960\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 52         #Number of cards in std . pack\n",
+    "j = 5          #Number of cards in subset\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "C = factorial(n)/(factorial(j)*factorial(n-j))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Maximum Possible 5-card combinations are %8d'%C"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.7:pg-300"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Total number of quantum states are  15\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "x = 6          #Number of electrons\n",
+    "n = 2          #Number of states\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "P = factorial(x)/(factorial(n)*factorial(x-n))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Total number of quantum states are %3d'%P"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.8:pg-301"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is 0.112\n",
+      "Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is 9.124e-06\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "n = 50          #Number of separate experiments\n",
+    "j1 = 25          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
+    "j2 = 10          #Number of sucessful expt with heads up\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "C25 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j1)*factorial(n-j1))\n",
+    "PE25 = Fraction(1,2)**j1\n",
+    "PEC25 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j1)\n",
+    "P25 = C25*PE25*PEC25\n",
+    "\n",
+    "C10 = factorial(n)/(factorial(j2)*factorial(n-j2))\n",
+    "PE10 = Fraction(1,2)**j2\n",
+    "PEC10 = (1-Fraction(1,2))**(n-j2)\n",
+    "P10 = C10*PE10*PEC10\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of getting 25 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3f'%(float(P25))\n",
+    "print 'Probability of getting 10 head out of 50 tossing is %4.3e'%(float(P10))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.9:pg-302"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error\n",
+      " 10       15.10        13.03              2.08\n",
+      " 50       148.48        145.60              2.88\n",
+      "100       363.74        360.52              3.22\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial, log\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "N = [10,50,100]       #Valures for N\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "print '  N        ln(N!)       ln(N!)sterling      Error'\n",
+    "for i in N:\n",
+    "    lnN = log(factorial(i))\n",
+    "    lnNs = i*log(i)-i\n",
+    "    err = abs(lnN-lnNs)\n",
+    "    print '%3d       %5.2f        %5.2f              %4.2f'%(i,lnN,lnNs, err)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.10:pg-305"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of receiving any card 1/52\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from fractions import Fraction\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "fi = 1       #Probability of receiving any card\n",
+    "n = 52       #Number od Cards\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "sum = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(52):\n",
+    "    sum = sum + fi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Pxi = Fraction(fi,sum)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of receiving any card', Pxi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.11:pg-307"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Sum of Px considering it as discrete function 20.4\n",
+      "Sum of Px considering it as contineous function 19.9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "from scipy import integrate\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "fun = lambda x: exp(-0.05*x)\n",
+    "Pt = 0\n",
+    "for i in range(0,101):\n",
+    "    Pt = Pt + fun(i)\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "Ptot = integrate.quad(fun, 0.0, 100.)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as discrete function %4.1f'%Pt\n",
+    "print 'Sum of Px considering it as contineous function %4.1f'%Ptot[0]"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex12.12:pg-308"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import Symbol\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "r = Symbol('r')      #Radius of inner circle\n",
+    "C = [5,2,0]\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "A1 = pi*r**2\n",
+    "A2 = pi*(2*r)**2 - A1\n",
+    "A3 = pi*(3*r)**2 - (A1 + A2)\n",
+    "At = A1 + A2 + A3\n",
+    "f1 = A1/At\n",
+    "f2 = A2/At\n",
+    "f3 = A3/At\n",
+    "sf = f1 + f2 + f3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "ns = (f1*C[0]+f2*C[1]+f3*C[2])/sf\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'A1, A2, A3: ', A1,', ', A2,', ', A3\n",
+    "print 'f1, f2, f3: ', f1,f2,f3\n",
+    "print 'Average payout $', round(float(ns),2)"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xseHUNW.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xseHUNW.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..04d54ef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_xseHUNW.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 02: Heat, Work, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and The First Law of Thermodynamics"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.1:pg-20"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Part a: Work done in expansion is  -16.2 kJ\n",
+      "Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is -1.73 J\n",
+      "Part c: Work done in paasing the cuurent through coil is 1.39 kJ\n",
+      "Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is -1.12 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math  #Part a\n",
+    "vi = 20.0             #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "vf = 85.0             #final volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "Pext = 2.5            #External Pressure against which work is done, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -Pext*1e5*(vf-vi)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part a: Work done in expansion is %6.1f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part b\n",
+    "ri = 1.00             #Initial diameter of bubble, cm\n",
+    "rf = 3.25             #final diameter of bubble, cm\n",
+    "sigm = 71.99          #Surface tension, N/m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -2*sigm*4*math.pi*(rf**2-ri**2)*1e-4\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part b: Work done in expansion of bubble is %4.2f J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part c\n",
+    "i = 3.20             #Current through heating coil, A \n",
+    "v = 14.5             #fVoltage applied across coil, volts\n",
+    "t = 30.0             #time for which current is applied,s\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = v*i*t\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part c: Work done in pasing the cuurent through coil is %4.2f kJ'%(w/1000)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "k = 100.0             #Constant in F = -kx, N/cm \n",
+    "dl = -0.15            #stretch , cm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "w = -k*(dl**2-0)/2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Part d: Work done stretching th fiber is %4.2f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.2:pg-22"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat added to the water 24.00 kJ\n",
+      "Work done in vaporizing liquid is -1703.84 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math   \n",
+    "m = 100.0            #Mass of water, g \n",
+    "T = 100.0            #Temperature of water, °C\n",
+    "Pext = 1.0           #External Pressure on assembly, bar\n",
+    "x = 10.0             #percent of water vaporised at 1 bar,-\n",
+    "i = 2.00             #current through heating coil, A\n",
+    "v = 12.0             #Voltage applied, v\n",
+    "t = 1.0e3            #time for which current applied, s \n",
+    "rhol = 997           #Density of liquid, kg/m3\n",
+    "rhog = 0.59          #Density of vapor, kg/m3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "q = i*v*t\n",
+    "vi = m/(rhol*100)*1e-3\n",
+    "vf = m*(100-x)*1e-3/(rhol*100) + m*x*1e-3/(rhog*100)\n",
+    "w = -Pext*(vf-vi)*1e5\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat added to the water %4.2f kJ'%(q/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Work done in vaporizing liquid is %4.2f J'%w"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.3:pg-27"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Heat removed by water at constant pressure 89.03 kJ\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "m = 1.5              #mass of water in surrounding, kg \n",
+    "dT = 14.2            #Change in temperature of water, °C or K\n",
+    "cp = 4.18            #Specific heat of water at constant pressure, J/(g.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "qp = m*cp*dT\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Heat removed by water at constant pressure %4.2f kJ'%qp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.4:pg-32"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For reverssible Isothermal expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -1.93e+02 J\n",
+      "For Single step reverssible expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -9.22e+03 J\n",
+      "For Two step reverssible expansion\n",
+      "Work done = -1.29e+04 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math \n",
+    "n = 2.0          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
+    "#For reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
+    "Pi1 = 25.0       #Initial Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
+    "Vi1 = 4.50       #Initial volume of ideal gas, L\n",
+    "Pf1 = 4.50       #Fianl Pressure of ideal gas, bar\n",
+    "Pext = 4.50      #External pressure, bar \n",
+    "Pint = 11.0      #Intermediate pressure, bar\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions reverssible Isothermal expansion \n",
+    "T1 = Pi1*Vi1/(n*R)\n",
+    "Vf1 = n*R*T1/Pf1\n",
+    "w = -n*R*T1*log(Vf1/Vi1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For reverssible Isothermal expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions Single step irreverssible expansion \n",
+    "\n",
+    "w = -Pext*1e5*(Vf1-Vi1)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Single step reverssible expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions Two step irreverssible expansion \n",
+    "Vint = n*R*T1/(Pint)\n",
+    "w = -Pint*1e5*(Vint-Vi1)*1e-3 - Pf1*1e5*(Vf1-Vint)*1e-3\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Two step reverssible expansion'\n",
+    "print 'Work done = %4.2e J'%w\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.5:pg-37"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "For Path       q         w           DU            DH         \n",
+      "1-2       139463.96  -39840.00    99623.96     139463.96\n",
+      "2-3       -99623.96       0.00   -99623.96    -139463.96\n",
+      "3-1        -5343.33    5343.33        0.00          0.00\n",
+      "Overall    34496.67  -34496.67        0.00          0.00\n",
+      "all values are in J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 0.08314      #Ideal gas constant, bar.L/(mol.K)\n",
+    "cvm = 20.79      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "p1 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 1, bar\n",
+    "v1 = 1.00       #Volume at point 1, L\n",
+    "p2 = 16.6       #Pressure at point 2, bar\n",
+    "v2 = 25.0       #Volume at point 2, L \n",
+    "v3 = 25.0       #Volume at point 3, L\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "T1 = p1*v1/(n*R)\n",
+    "T2 = p2*v2/(n*R)\n",
+    "T3 = T1         #from problem statement\n",
+    "        #for path 1-2\n",
+    "DU12 = n*cvm*(T2-T1)\n",
+    "w12 = -p1*1e5*(v2-v1)*1e-3\n",
+    "q12 = DU12 - w12\n",
+    "DH12 = DU12 + n*R*(T2-T1)*1e2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        #for path 2-3\n",
+    "w23 = 0.0\n",
+    "DU23 = q23 = n*cvm*(T3-T2)\n",
+    "DH23 = -DH12\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        #for path 3-1\n",
+    "DU31 = 0.0       #Isothemal process\n",
+    "DH31 = 0.0\n",
+    "w31 = -n*R*1e2*T1*log(v1/v3)\n",
+    "q31 = -w31\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DU = DU12+DU23+DU31\n",
+    "w = w12+w23+w31\n",
+    "q = q12+q23+q31\n",
+    "DH = DH12+DH23+DH31\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'For Path       q         w           DU            DH         '\n",
+    "print '1-2       %7.2f  %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f'%(q12,w12,DU12,DH12)\n",
+    "print '2-3       %7.2f    %7.2f   %7.2f    %7.2f'%(q23,w23,DU23,DH23)\n",
+    "print '3-1        %7.2f    %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q31,w31,DU31,DH31)\n",
+    "print 'Overall    %7.2f  %7.2f     %7.2f       %7.2f'%(q,w,DU,DH)\n",
+    "print 'all values are in J'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.6:pg-38"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is 268.5 K\n",
+      "The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is -2937.0 J\n",
+      "The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n",
+      "The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is -1762.2 J\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "import math  #Part d\n",
+    "n = 2.5          #moles of ideal gas\n",
+    "R = 8.314        #Ideal gas constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "cvm = 12.47      #Heat Capacity at constant volume, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "pext = 1.00      #External Pressure, bar\n",
+    "Ti = 325.        #Initial Temeprature, K\n",
+    "pi = 2.50        #Initial Pressure, bar\n",
+    "pf = 1.25        #Final pressure, bar \n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations  Adiabatic process q = 0; DU = w\n",
+    "q = 0.0     \n",
+    "Tf = Ti*(cvm + R*pext/pi)/(cvm + R*pext/pf )\n",
+    "DU = w = n*cvm*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "DH = DU + n*R*(Tf-Ti)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The final temperature at end of adiabatic procees is %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
+    "print 'The enthalpy change of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DH\n",
+    "print 'The Internal energy change of  adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%DU\n",
+    "print 'The work done in expansion of adiabatic procees is %4.1f J'%w\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex2.7:pg-40"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Final temperature of cloud 265.2 K\n",
+      "You can expect cloud\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, exp\n",
+    "  #Part d\n",
+    "h1 = 1000.0          #initial Altitude of cloud, m \n",
+    "hf = 3500.0          #Final Altitude of cloud, m \n",
+    "p1 = 0.802           #Pressure at h1, atm \n",
+    "pf = 0.602           #Pressure at hf, atm\n",
+    "T1 = 288.0           #Initial temperature of cloud, K\n",
+    "cp = 28.86           #Specific heat of air, J/mol.K\n",
+    "R = 8.314            #Gas constant, J/mol.K\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Tf = exp(-(cp/(cp-R)-1)/(cp/(cp-R))*log(p1/pf))*T1\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Final temperature of cloud %4.1f K'%Tf\n",
+    "if Tf < 273:\n",
+    "    print 'You can expect cloud'\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print 'You can not expect cloud'"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_yCvUz4t.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_yCvUz4t.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..058c9da8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_yCvUz4t.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "\n",
+    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
+    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
+    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
+    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
+      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
+      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
+    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "def ster(i):\n",
+    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
+    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
+    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
+    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
+    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
+    "x0 = 10.0\n",
+    "err = 1.0\n",
+    "while err>0.001:\n",
+    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
+    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
+    "    x0 = xnew\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
+    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "N3 = x0\n",
+    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
+    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
+    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+    "p1 = 0.233\n",
+    "p2 = 0.086\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
+    "p2 = 0.145\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
+      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
+    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
+    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
+    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
+    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
+    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zG1ujSS.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zG1ujSS.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..058c9da8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zG1ujSS.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.1:pg-321"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import factorial\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "\n",
+    "aH = 40         #Number of heads\n",
+    "N = 100         #Total events\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "aT = 100 - aH\n",
+    "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
+    "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.2:pg-322"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "At maximum value of ln(W)\n",
+      "Values of N1 : 6162, N2: 2676 and N3: 1162 \n",
+      "Maximum value of ln(W)=   9012\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from sympy import symbols, diff, log\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Varialbe declaration\n",
+    "n = 10000       #Total number of particles\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calcualtions\n",
+    "def ster(i):\n",
+    "    return i*log(i)-i\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n1, n2, n3, W = symbols('n1 n2 n3 W',positive=True)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n2 = 5000 - 2*n3\n",
+    "n1 = 10000 - n2 -n3\n",
+    "logW = ster(n) - ster(n1) - ster(n2) - ster(n3) \n",
+    "fun = diff(logW, n3)\n",
+    "dfun = diff(fun, n3)\n",
+    "x0 = 10.0\n",
+    "err = 1.0\n",
+    "while err>0.001:\n",
+    "    f = fun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "    df = dfun.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "    xnew = x0 - f/df\n",
+    "    err = abs(x0-xnew)/x0\n",
+    "    x0 = xnew\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x0 = int(x0)\n",
+    "N2 = n2.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "N3 = x0\n",
+    "n1 = n1.subs(n3,x0)\n",
+    "N1 = n1.subs(n2,N2)\n",
+    "lnW = logW.subs(n3,N3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'At maximum value of ln(W)'\n",
+    "print 'Values of N1 : %4d, N2: %4d and N3: %4d '%(N1, N2,N3)\n",
+    "print 'Maximum value of ln(W)= %6d'%lnW"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.3:pg-326"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "p0 = 0.633        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+    "p1 = 0.233\n",
+    "p2 = 0.086\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.4:pg-327"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "p0 = 0.394        #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+    "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
+    "p2 = 0.145\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.5:pg-333"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Partition function is 1.577\n",
+      "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "I2 = 208         #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
+    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
+    "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
+    "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex13.6:pg-334"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import math\n",
+    "#Variable Declaration\n",
+    "B = 1.45         #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
+    "T = 298          #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+    "c = 3.00e10      #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+    "h = 6.626e-34    #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+    "k = 1.38e-23     #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
+    "gnbn = 2.82e-26  #J/T\n",
+    "#Calculation\n",
+    "ahpbyahm = math.exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
diff --git a/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zKb7eGR.ipynb b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zKb7eGR.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..860afddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Thermodynamics,_Statistical_Thermodynamics_and_Kinetics_by_T._Engel_and_P._Reid/Chapte_zKb7eGR.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Chapter 08: Phase Diagrams and the Relative Stability of Solids, Liquids, and Gases"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.2:Pg.No-195"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 30.7 kJ/mol\n",
+      "Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C 86.9 J/mol\n",
+      "Triple point temperature = 267.3 K for benzene\n",
+      "Triple point pressure = 3.53e+03 Pa for benzene\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import log, exp\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "Tn = 353.24       #normal boiling point of Benzene, K\n",
+    "pi = 1.19e4       #Vapor pressure of benzene at 20°C, Pa\n",
+    "DHf = 9.95        #Latent heat of fusion, kJ/mol\n",
+    "pv443 = 137.      #Vapor pressure of benzene at -44.3°C, Pa\n",
+    "R = 8.314         #Ideal Gas Constant, J/(mol.K)\n",
+    "Pf = 101325       #Std. atmospheric pressure, Pa\n",
+    "T20 = 293.15      #Temperature in K\n",
+    "P0 = 1.\n",
+    "Pl = 10000.\n",
+    "Ts = -44.3        #Temperature of solid benzene, °C\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "Ts = Ts + 273.15\n",
+    "#Part a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DHv = -(R*math.log(Pf/pi))/(1./Tn-1./T20)\n",
+    "#Part b\n",
+    "\n",
+    "DSv = DHv/Tn\n",
+    "DHf = DHf*1e3\n",
+    "#Part c\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Ttp = -DHf/(R*(math.log(Pl/P0)-math.log(pv443/P0)-(DHv+DHf)/(R*Ts)+DHv/(R*T20)))\n",
+    "Ptp = exp(-DHv/R*(1./Ttp-1./Tn))*101325\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Latent heat of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %4.1f kJ/mol'%(DHv/1000)\n",
+    "print 'Entropy Change of vaporization of benzene at 20°C %3.1f J/mol'%DSv\n",
+    "print 'Triple point temperature = %4.1f K for benzene'%Ttp\n",
+    "print 'Triple point pressure = %4.2e Pa for benzene'%Ptp"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.3:Pg.No-200"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Force exerted by one leg 5.428e-05 N\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import cos, pi\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
+    "r = 1.2e-4        #Radius of hemisphere, m\n",
+    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "DP = 2*gama*cos(theta)/r\n",
+    "F = DP*pi*r**2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Force exerted by one leg %5.3e N'%F"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Ex8.4:Pg.No-200"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Height to which water can rise by capillary action is 0.74 m\n",
+      "This is very less than 100.0 n, hence water can not reach top of tree\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import cos\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gama = 71.99e-3   #Surface tension of water, N/m\n",
+    "r = 2e-5          #Radius of xylem, m\n",
+    "theta = 0.0       #Contact angle, rad\n",
+    "rho = 997.0       #Density of water, kg/m3\n",
+    "g = 9.81          #gravitational acceleration, m/s2\n",
+    "H = 100           #Height at top of redwood tree, m\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Calculations\n",
+    "h = 2*gama/(rho*g*r*cos(theta))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "#Results\n",
+    "print 'Height to which water can rise by capillary action is %3.2f m'%h\n",
+    "print 'This is very less than %4.1f n, hence water can not reach top of tree'%H"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 2",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python2"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.11"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}
author	Trupti Kini	2016-12-31 23:30:44 +0600
committer	Trupti Kini	2016-12-31 23:30:44 +0600
commit	572889bfa4539150ef23cd89cbc888b2696b3d0a (patch)
tree	2df0930dc7f6d157e131e5b2f881b42fc1153886
parent	8826fb0a35de320edd7a4c35fe6fc08b1ea67470 (diff)
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