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+/*
+ * This program source code file is part of KiCad, a free EDA CAD application.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 CERN
+ * @author Tomasz Wlostowski <tomasz.wlostowski@cern.ch>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+ * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, you may find one here:
+ * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0.html
+ * or you may search the http://www.gnu.org website for the version 2 license,
+ * or you may write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
+ */
+
+#ifndef __COROUTINE_H
+#define __COROUTINE_H
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+#include <boost/context/fcontext.hpp>
+#include <boost/version.hpp>
+
+#include "delegate.h"
+
+/**
+ * Class COROUNTINE.
+ * Implements a coroutine. Wikipedia has a good explanation:
+ *
+ * "Coroutines are computer program components that generalize subroutines to
+ * allow multiple entry points for suspending and resuming execution at certain locations.
+ * Coroutines are well-suited for implementing more familiar program components such as cooperative
+ * tasks, exceptions, event loop, iterators, infinite lists and pipes."
+ *
+ * In other words, a coroutine can be considered a lightweight thread - which can be
+ * preempted only when it deliberately yields the control to the caller. This way,
+ * we avoid concurrency problems such as locking / race conditions.
+ *
+ * Uses boost::context library to do the actual context switching.
+ *
+ * This particular version takes a DELEGATE as an entry point, so it can invoke
+ * methods within a given object as separate coroutines.
+ *
+ * See coroutine_example.cpp for sample code.
+ */
+
+template <class ReturnType, class ArgType>
+class COROUTINE
+{
+public:
+ COROUTINE() :
+ m_saved( NULL ), m_self( NULL ), m_stack( NULL ), m_stackSize( c_defaultStackSize ),
+ m_running( false )
+ {
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Constructor
+ * Creates a coroutine from a member method of an object
+ */
+ template <class T>
+ COROUTINE( T* object, ReturnType(T::* ptr)( ArgType ) ) :
+ m_func( object, ptr ), m_self( NULL ), m_saved( NULL ), m_stack( NULL ),
+ m_stackSize( c_defaultStackSize ), m_running( false )
+ {
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Constructor
+ * Creates a coroutine from a delegate object
+ */
+ COROUTINE( DELEGATE<ReturnType, ArgType> aEntry ) :
+ m_func( aEntry ), m_saved( NULL ), m_self( NULL ), m_stack( NULL ),
+ m_stackSize( c_defaultStackSize ), m_running( false )
+ {
+ // Avoid not initialized members, and make static analysers quiet
+ m_args = 0;
+ m_retVal = 0;
+ }
+
+ ~COROUTINE()
+ {
+ if( m_saved )
+ delete m_saved;
+
+#if BOOST_VERSION >= 105600
+ if( m_self )
+ delete m_self;
+#endif
+
+ if( m_stack )
+ free( m_stack );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Function Yield()
+ *
+ * Stops execution of the coroutine and returns control to the caller.
+ * After a yield, Call() or Resume() methods invoked by the caller will
+ * immediately return true, indicating that we are not done yet, just asleep.
+ */
+ void Yield()
+ {
+ jump( m_self, m_saved, 0 );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Function Yield()
+ *
+ * Yield with a value - passes a value of given type to the caller.
+ * Useful for implementing generator objects.
+ */
+ void Yield( ReturnType& aRetVal )
+ {
+ m_retVal = aRetVal;
+ jump( m_self, m_saved, 0 );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Function SetEntry()
+ *
+ * Defines the entry point for the coroutine, if not set in the constructor.
+ */
+ void SetEntry( DELEGATE<ReturnType, ArgType> aEntry )
+ {
+ m_func = aEntry;
+ }
+
+ /* Function Call()
+ *
+ * Starts execution of a coroutine, passing args as its arguments.
+ * @return true, if the coroutine has yielded and false if it has finished its
+ * execution (returned).
+ */
+ bool Call( ArgType aArgs )
+ {
+ // fixme: Clean up stack stuff. Add a guard
+ m_stack = malloc( c_defaultStackSize );
+
+ // align to 16 bytes
+ void* sp = (void*) ( ( ( (ptrdiff_t) m_stack ) + m_stackSize - 0xf ) & ( ~0x0f ) );
+
+ // correct the stack size
+ m_stackSize -= ( (size_t) m_stack + m_stackSize - (size_t) sp );
+
+ assert( m_self == NULL );
+ assert( m_saved == NULL );
+
+ m_args = &aArgs;
+#if BOOST_VERSION >= 105600
+ m_self = new boost::context::fcontext_t();
+ *m_self = boost::context::make_fcontext( sp, m_stackSize, callerStub );
+#else
+ m_self = boost::context::make_fcontext( sp, m_stackSize, callerStub );
+#endif
+ m_saved = new boost::context::fcontext_t();
+
+ m_running = true;
+ // off we go!
+ jump( m_saved, m_self, reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>( this ) );
+ return m_running;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Function Resume()
+ *
+ * Resumes execution of a previously yielded coroutine.
+ * @return true, if the coroutine has yielded again and false if it has finished its
+ * execution (returned).
+ */
+ bool Resume()
+ {
+ jump( m_saved, m_self, 0 );
+
+ return m_running;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Function ReturnValue()
+ *
+ * Returns the yielded value (the argument Yield() was called with)
+ */
+ const ReturnType& ReturnValue() const
+ {
+ return m_retVal;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Function Running()
+ *
+ * @return true, if the coroutine is active
+ */
+ bool Running() const
+ {
+ return m_running;
+ }
+
+private:
+ static const int c_defaultStackSize = 2000000; // fixme: make configurable
+
+ /* real entry point of the coroutine */
+ static void callerStub( intptr_t aData )
+ {
+ // get pointer to self
+ COROUTINE<ReturnType, ArgType>* cor = reinterpret_cast<COROUTINE<ReturnType, ArgType>*>( aData );
+
+ // call the coroutine method
+ cor->m_retVal = cor->m_func( *cor->m_args );
+ cor->m_running = false;
+
+ // go back to wherever we came from.
+ jump( cor->m_self, cor->m_saved, 0 ); // reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>( this ));
+ }
+
+ ///> Wrapper for jump_fcontext to assure compatibility between different boost versions
+ static inline intptr_t jump(boost::context::fcontext_t* aOld, boost::context::fcontext_t* aNew,
+ intptr_t aP, bool aPreserveFPU = true )
+ {
+#if BOOST_VERSION >= 105600
+ return boost::context::jump_fcontext( aOld, *aNew, aP, aPreserveFPU );
+#else
+ return boost::context::jump_fcontext( aOld, aNew, aP, aPreserveFPU );
+#endif
+ }
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct strip_ref
+ {
+ typedef T result;
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct strip_ref<T&>
+ {
+ typedef T result;
+ };
+
+ DELEGATE<ReturnType, ArgType> m_func;
+
+ ///< pointer to coroutine entry arguments. Stripped of references
+ ///< to avoid compiler errors.
+ typename strip_ref<ArgType>::result* m_args;
+ ReturnType m_retVal;
+
+ ///< saved caller context
+ boost::context::fcontext_t* m_saved;
+
+ ///< saved coroutine context
+ boost::context::fcontext_t* m_self;
+
+ ///< coroutine stack
+ void* m_stack;
+
+ size_t m_stackSize;
+
+ bool m_running;
+};
+
+#endif