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authorrahulp132020-03-17 14:55:41 +0530
committerrahulp132020-03-17 14:55:41 +0530
commit296443137f4288cb030e92859ccfbe3204bc1088 (patch)
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+"""Parser for command line options.
+
+This module helps scripts to parse the command line arguments in
+sys.argv. It supports the same conventions as the Unix getopt()
+function (including the special meanings of arguments of the form `-'
+and `--'). Long options similar to those supported by GNU software
+may be used as well via an optional third argument. This module
+provides two functions and an exception:
+
+getopt() -- Parse command line options
+gnu_getopt() -- Like getopt(), but allow option and non-option arguments
+to be intermixed.
+GetoptError -- exception (class) raised with 'opt' attribute, which is the
+option involved with the exception.
+"""
+
+# Long option support added by Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>.
+#
+# Gerrit Holl <gerrit@nl.linux.org> moved the string-based exceptions
+# to class-based exceptions.
+#
+# Peter Astrand <astrand@lysator.liu.se> added gnu_getopt().
+#
+# TODO for gnu_getopt():
+#
+# - GNU getopt_long_only mechanism
+# - allow the caller to specify ordering
+# - RETURN_IN_ORDER option
+# - GNU extension with '-' as first character of option string
+# - optional arguments, specified by double colons
+# - an option string with a W followed by semicolon should
+# treat "-W foo" as "--foo"
+
+__all__ = ["GetoptError","error","getopt","gnu_getopt"]
+
+import os
+
+class GetoptError(Exception):
+ opt = ''
+ msg = ''
+ def __init__(self, msg, opt=''):
+ self.msg = msg
+ self.opt = opt
+ Exception.__init__(self, msg, opt)
+
+ def __str__(self):
+ return self.msg
+
+error = GetoptError # backward compatibility
+
+def getopt(args, shortopts, longopts = []):
+ """getopt(args, options[, long_options]) -> opts, args
+
+ Parses command line options and parameter list. args is the
+ argument list to be parsed, without the leading reference to the
+ running program. Typically, this means "sys.argv[1:]". shortopts
+ is the string of option letters that the script wants to
+ recognize, with options that require an argument followed by a
+ colon (i.e., the same format that Unix getopt() uses). If
+ specified, longopts is a list of strings with the names of the
+ long options which should be supported. The leading '--'
+ characters should not be included in the option name. Options
+ which require an argument should be followed by an equal sign
+ ('=').
+
+ The return value consists of two elements: the first is a list of
+ (option, value) pairs; the second is the list of program arguments
+ left after the option list was stripped (this is a trailing slice
+ of the first argument). Each option-and-value pair returned has
+ the option as its first element, prefixed with a hyphen (e.g.,
+ '-x'), and the option argument as its second element, or an empty
+ string if the option has no argument. The options occur in the
+ list in the same order in which they were found, thus allowing
+ multiple occurrences. Long and short options may be mixed.
+
+ """
+
+ opts = []
+ if type(longopts) == type(""):
+ longopts = [longopts]
+ else:
+ longopts = list(longopts)
+ while args and args[0].startswith('-') and args[0] != '-':
+ if args[0] == '--':
+ args = args[1:]
+ break
+ if args[0].startswith('--'):
+ opts, args = do_longs(opts, args[0][2:], longopts, args[1:])
+ else:
+ opts, args = do_shorts(opts, args[0][1:], shortopts, args[1:])
+
+ return opts, args
+
+def gnu_getopt(args, shortopts, longopts = []):
+ """getopt(args, options[, long_options]) -> opts, args
+
+ This function works like getopt(), except that GNU style scanning
+ mode is used by default. This means that option and non-option
+ arguments may be intermixed. The getopt() function stops
+ processing options as soon as a non-option argument is
+ encountered.
+
+ If the first character of the option string is `+', or if the
+ environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, then option
+ processing stops as soon as a non-option argument is encountered.
+
+ """
+
+ opts = []
+ prog_args = []
+ if isinstance(longopts, str):
+ longopts = [longopts]
+ else:
+ longopts = list(longopts)
+
+ # Allow options after non-option arguments?
+ if shortopts.startswith('+'):
+ shortopts = shortopts[1:]
+ all_options_first = True
+ elif os.environ.get("POSIXLY_CORRECT"):
+ all_options_first = True
+ else:
+ all_options_first = False
+
+ while args:
+ if args[0] == '--':
+ prog_args += args[1:]
+ break
+
+ if args[0][:2] == '--':
+ opts, args = do_longs(opts, args[0][2:], longopts, args[1:])
+ elif args[0][:1] == '-' and args[0] != '-':
+ opts, args = do_shorts(opts, args[0][1:], shortopts, args[1:])
+ else:
+ if all_options_first:
+ prog_args += args
+ break
+ else:
+ prog_args.append(args[0])
+ args = args[1:]
+
+ return opts, prog_args
+
+def do_longs(opts, opt, longopts, args):
+ try:
+ i = opt.index('=')
+ except ValueError:
+ optarg = None
+ else:
+ opt, optarg = opt[:i], opt[i+1:]
+
+ has_arg, opt = long_has_args(opt, longopts)
+ if has_arg:
+ if optarg is None:
+ if not args:
+ raise GetoptError('option --%s requires argument' % opt, opt)
+ optarg, args = args[0], args[1:]
+ elif optarg is not None:
+ raise GetoptError('option --%s must not have an argument' % opt, opt)
+ opts.append(('--' + opt, optarg or ''))
+ return opts, args
+
+# Return:
+# has_arg?
+# full option name
+def long_has_args(opt, longopts):
+ possibilities = [o for o in longopts if o.startswith(opt)]
+ if not possibilities:
+ raise GetoptError('option --%s not recognized' % opt, opt)
+ # Is there an exact match?
+ if opt in possibilities:
+ return False, opt
+ elif opt + '=' in possibilities:
+ return True, opt
+ # No exact match, so better be unique.
+ if len(possibilities) > 1:
+ # XXX since possibilities contains all valid continuations, might be
+ # nice to work them into the error msg
+ raise GetoptError('option --%s not a unique prefix' % opt, opt)
+ assert len(possibilities) == 1
+ unique_match = possibilities[0]
+ has_arg = unique_match.endswith('=')
+ if has_arg:
+ unique_match = unique_match[:-1]
+ return has_arg, unique_match
+
+def do_shorts(opts, optstring, shortopts, args):
+ while optstring != '':
+ opt, optstring = optstring[0], optstring[1:]
+ if short_has_arg(opt, shortopts):
+ if optstring == '':
+ if not args:
+ raise GetoptError('option -%s requires argument' % opt,
+ opt)
+ optstring, args = args[0], args[1:]
+ optarg, optstring = optstring, ''
+ else:
+ optarg = ''
+ opts.append(('-' + opt, optarg))
+ return opts, args
+
+def short_has_arg(opt, shortopts):
+ for i in range(len(shortopts)):
+ if opt == shortopts[i] != ':':
+ return shortopts.startswith(':', i+1)
+ raise GetoptError('option -%s not recognized' % opt, opt)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+ import sys
+ print getopt(sys.argv[1:], "a:b", ["alpha=", "beta"])