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Diffstat (limited to 'ipc/sem.c')
| -rw-r--r-- | ipc/sem.c | 1695 |
1 files changed, 1695 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/ipc/sem.c b/ipc/sem.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5215a814 --- /dev/null +++ b/ipc/sem.c @@ -0,0 +1,1695 @@ +/* + * linux/ipc/sem.c + * Copyright (C) 1992 Krishna Balasubramanian + * Copyright (C) 1995 Eric Schenk, Bruno Haible + * + * /proc/sysvipc/sem support (c) 1999 Dragos Acostachioaie <dragos@iname.com> + * + * SMP-threaded, sysctl's added + * (c) 1999 Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> + * Enforced range limit on SEM_UNDO + * (c) 2001 Red Hat Inc + * Lockless wakeup + * (c) 2003 Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> + * Further wakeup optimizations, documentation + * (c) 2010 Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> + * + * support for audit of ipc object properties and permission changes + * Dustin Kirkland <dustin.kirkland@us.ibm.com> + * + * namespaces support + * OpenVZ, SWsoft Inc. + * Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org> + * + * Implementation notes: (May 2010) + * This file implements System V semaphores. + * + * User space visible behavior: + * - FIFO ordering for semop() operations (just FIFO, not starvation + * protection) + * - multiple semaphore operations that alter the same semaphore in + * one semop() are handled. + * - sem_ctime (time of last semctl()) is updated in the IPC_SET, SETVAL and + * SETALL calls. + * - two Linux specific semctl() commands: SEM_STAT, SEM_INFO. + * - undo adjustments at process exit are limited to 0..SEMVMX. + * - namespace are supported. + * - SEMMSL, SEMMNS, SEMOPM and SEMMNI can be configured at runtine by writing + * to /proc/sys/kernel/sem. + * - statistics about the usage are reported in /proc/sysvipc/sem. + * + * Internals: + * - scalability: + * - all global variables are read-mostly. + * - semop() calls and semctl(RMID) are synchronized by RCU. + * - most operations do write operations (actually: spin_lock calls) to + * the per-semaphore array structure. + * Thus: Perfect SMP scaling between independent semaphore arrays. + * If multiple semaphores in one array are used, then cache line + * trashing on the semaphore array spinlock will limit the scaling. + * - semncnt and semzcnt are calculated on demand in count_semncnt() and + * count_semzcnt() + * - the task that performs a successful semop() scans the list of all + * sleeping tasks and completes any pending operations that can be fulfilled. + * Semaphores are actively given to waiting tasks (necessary for FIFO). + * (see update_queue()) + * - To improve the scalability, the actual wake-up calls are performed after + * dropping all locks. (see wake_up_sem_queue_prepare(), + * wake_up_sem_queue_do()) + * - All work is done by the waker, the woken up task does not have to do + * anything - not even acquiring a lock or dropping a refcount. + * - A woken up task may not even touch the semaphore array anymore, it may + * have been destroyed already by a semctl(RMID). + * - The synchronizations between wake-ups due to a timeout/signal and a + * wake-up due to a completed semaphore operation is achieved by using an + * intermediate state (IN_WAKEUP). + * - UNDO values are stored in an array (one per process and per + * semaphore array, lazily allocated). For backwards compatibility, multiple + * modes for the UNDO variables are supported (per process, per thread) + * (see copy_semundo, CLONE_SYSVSEM) + * - There are two lists of the pending operations: a per-array list + * and per-semaphore list (stored in the array). This allows to achieve FIFO + * ordering without always scanning all pending operations. + * The worst-case behavior is nevertheless O(N^2) for N wakeups. + */ + +#include <linux/slab.h> +#include <linux/spinlock.h> +#include <linux/init.h> +#include <linux/proc_fs.h> +#include <linux/time.h> +#include <linux/security.h> +#include <linux/syscalls.h> +#include <linux/audit.h> +#include <linux/capability.h> +#include <linux/seq_file.h> +#include <linux/rwsem.h> +#include <linux/nsproxy.h> +#include <linux/ipc_namespace.h> + +#include <asm/uaccess.h> +#include "util.h" + +/* One semaphore structure for each semaphore in the system. */ +struct sem { + int semval; /* current value */ + int sempid; /* pid of last operation */ + struct list_head sem_pending; /* pending single-sop operations */ +}; + +/* One queue for each sleeping process in the system. */ +struct sem_queue { + struct list_head simple_list; /* queue of pending operations */ + struct list_head list; /* queue of pending operations */ + struct task_struct *sleeper; /* this process */ + struct sem_undo *undo; /* undo structure */ + int pid; /* process id of requesting process */ + int status; /* completion status of operation */ + struct sembuf *sops; /* array of pending operations */ + int nsops; /* number of operations */ + int alter; /* does *sops alter the array? */ +}; + +/* Each task has a list of undo requests. They are executed automatically + * when the process exits. + */ +struct sem_undo { + struct list_head list_proc; /* per-process list: * + * all undos from one process + * rcu protected */ + struct rcu_head rcu; /* rcu struct for sem_undo */ + struct sem_undo_list *ulp; /* back ptr to sem_undo_list */ + struct list_head list_id; /* per semaphore array list: + * all undos for one array */ + int semid; /* semaphore set identifier */ + short *semadj; /* array of adjustments */ + /* one per semaphore */ +}; + +/* sem_undo_list controls shared access to the list of sem_undo structures + * that may be shared among all a CLONE_SYSVSEM task group. + */ +struct sem_undo_list { + atomic_t refcnt; + spinlock_t lock; + struct list_head list_proc; +}; + + +#define sem_ids(ns) ((ns)->ids[IPC_SEM_IDS]) + +#define sem_unlock(sma) ipc_unlock(&(sma)->sem_perm) +#define sem_checkid(sma, semid) ipc_checkid(&sma->sem_perm, semid) + +static int newary(struct ipc_namespace *, struct ipc_params *); +static void freeary(struct ipc_namespace *, struct kern_ipc_perm *); +#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS +static int sysvipc_sem_proc_show(struct seq_file *s, void *it); +#endif + +#define SEMMSL_FAST 256 /* 512 bytes on stack */ +#define SEMOPM_FAST 64 /* ~ 372 bytes on stack */ + +/* + * linked list protection: + * sem_undo.id_next, + * sem_array.sem_pending{,last}, + * sem_array.sem_undo: sem_lock() for read/write + * sem_undo.proc_next: only "current" is allowed to read/write that field. + * + */ + +#define sc_semmsl sem_ctls[0] +#define sc_semmns sem_ctls[1] +#define sc_semopm sem_ctls[2] +#define sc_semmni sem_ctls[3] + +void sem_init_ns(struct ipc_namespace *ns) +{ + ns->sc_semmsl = SEMMSL; + ns->sc_semmns = SEMMNS; + ns->sc_semopm = SEMOPM; + ns->sc_semmni = SEMMNI; + ns->used_sems = 0; + ipc_init_ids(&ns->ids[IPC_SEM_IDS]); +} + +#ifdef CONFIG_IPC_NS +void sem_exit_ns(struct ipc_namespace *ns) +{ + free_ipcs(ns, &sem_ids(ns), freeary); + idr_destroy(&ns->ids[IPC_SEM_IDS].ipcs_idr); +} +#endif + +void __init sem_init (void) +{ + sem_init_ns(&init_ipc_ns); + ipc_init_proc_interface("sysvipc/sem", + " key semid perms nsems uid gid cuid cgid otime ctime\n", + IPC_SEM_IDS, sysvipc_sem_proc_show); +} + +/* + * sem_lock_(check_) routines are called in the paths where the rw_mutex + * is not held. + */ +static inline struct sem_array *sem_lock(struct ipc_namespace *ns, int id) +{ + struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp = ipc_lock(&sem_ids(ns), id); + + if (IS_ERR(ipcp)) + return (struct sem_array *)ipcp; + + return container_of(ipcp, struct sem_array, sem_perm); +} + +static inline struct sem_array *sem_lock_check(struct ipc_namespace *ns, + int id) +{ + struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp = ipc_lock_check(&sem_ids(ns), id); + + if (IS_ERR(ipcp)) + return (struct sem_array *)ipcp; + + return container_of(ipcp, struct sem_array, sem_perm); +} + +static inline void sem_lock_and_putref(struct sem_array *sma) +{ + ipc_lock_by_ptr(&sma->sem_perm); + ipc_rcu_putref(sma); +} + +static inline void sem_getref_and_unlock(struct sem_array *sma) +{ + ipc_rcu_getref(sma); + ipc_unlock(&(sma)->sem_perm); +} + +static inline void sem_putref(struct sem_array *sma) +{ + ipc_lock_by_ptr(&sma->sem_perm); + ipc_rcu_putref(sma); + ipc_unlock(&(sma)->sem_perm); +} + +static inline void sem_rmid(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct sem_array *s) +{ + ipc_rmid(&sem_ids(ns), &s->sem_perm); +} + +/* + * Lockless wakeup algorithm: + * Without the check/retry algorithm a lockless wakeup is possible: + * - queue.status is initialized to -EINTR before blocking. + * - wakeup is performed by + * * unlinking the queue entry from sma->sem_pending + * * setting queue.status to IN_WAKEUP + * This is the notification for the blocked thread that a + * result value is imminent. + * * call wake_up_process + * * set queue.status to the final value. + * - the previously blocked thread checks queue.status: + * * if it's IN_WAKEUP, then it must wait until the value changes + * * if it's not -EINTR, then the operation was completed by + * update_queue. semtimedop can return queue.status without + * performing any operation on the sem array. + * * otherwise it must acquire the spinlock and check what's up. + * + * The two-stage algorithm is necessary to protect against the following + * races: + * - if queue.status is set after wake_up_process, then the woken up idle + * thread could race forward and try (and fail) to acquire sma->lock + * before update_queue had a chance to set queue.status + * - if queue.status is written before wake_up_process and if the + * blocked process is woken up by a signal between writing + * queue.status and the wake_up_process, then the woken up + * process could return from semtimedop and die by calling + * sys_exit before wake_up_process is called. Then wake_up_process + * will oops, because the task structure is already invalid. + * (yes, this happened on s390 with sysv msg). + * + */ +#define IN_WAKEUP 1 + +/** + * newary - Create a new semaphore set + * @ns: namespace + * @params: ptr to the structure that contains key, semflg and nsems + * + * Called with sem_ids.rw_mutex held (as a writer) + */ + +static int newary(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct ipc_params *params) +{ + int id; + int retval; + struct sem_array *sma; + int size; + key_t key = params->key; + int nsems = params->u.nsems; + int semflg = params->flg; + int i; + + if (!nsems) + return -EINVAL; + if (ns->used_sems + nsems > ns->sc_semmns) + return -ENOSPC; + + size = sizeof (*sma) + nsems * sizeof (struct sem); + sma = ipc_rcu_alloc(size); + if (!sma) { + return -ENOMEM; + } + memset (sma, 0, size); + + sma->sem_perm.mode = (semflg & S_IRWXUGO); + sma->sem_perm.key = key; + + sma->sem_perm.security = NULL; + retval = security_sem_alloc(sma); + if (retval) { + ipc_rcu_putref(sma); + return retval; + } + + id = ipc_addid(&sem_ids(ns), &sma->sem_perm, ns->sc_semmni); + if (id < 0) { + security_sem_free(sma); + ipc_rcu_putref(sma); + return id; + } + ns->used_sems += nsems; + + sma->sem_base = (struct sem *) &sma[1]; + + for (i = 0; i < nsems; i++) + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sma->sem_base[i].sem_pending); + + sma->complex_count = 0; + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sma->sem_pending); + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sma->list_id); + sma->sem_nsems = nsems; + sma->sem_ctime = get_seconds(); + sem_unlock(sma); + + return sma->sem_perm.id; +} + + +/* + * Called with sem_ids.rw_mutex and ipcp locked. + */ +static inline int sem_security(struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp, int semflg) +{ + struct sem_array *sma; + + sma = container_of(ipcp, struct sem_array, sem_perm); + return security_sem_associate(sma, semflg); +} + +/* + * Called with sem_ids.rw_mutex and ipcp locked. + */ +static inline int sem_more_checks(struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp, + struct ipc_params *params) +{ + struct sem_array *sma; + + sma = container_of(ipcp, struct sem_array, sem_perm); + if (params->u.nsems > sma->sem_nsems) + return -EINVAL; + + return 0; +} + +SYSCALL_DEFINE3(semget, key_t, key, int, nsems, int, semflg) +{ + struct ipc_namespace *ns; + struct ipc_ops sem_ops; + struct ipc_params sem_params; + + ns = current->nsproxy->ipc_ns; + + if (nsems < 0 || nsems > ns->sc_semmsl) + return -EINVAL; + + sem_ops.getnew = newary; + sem_ops.associate = sem_security; + sem_ops.more_checks = sem_more_checks; + + sem_params.key = key; + sem_params.flg = semflg; + sem_params.u.nsems = nsems; + + return ipcget(ns, &sem_ids(ns), &sem_ops, &sem_params); +} + +/* + * Determine whether a sequence of semaphore operations would succeed + * all at once. Return 0 if yes, 1 if need to sleep, else return error code. + */ + +static int try_atomic_semop (struct sem_array * sma, struct sembuf * sops, + int nsops, struct sem_undo *un, int pid) +{ + int result, sem_op; + struct sembuf *sop; + struct sem * curr; + + for (sop = sops; sop < sops + nsops; sop++) { + curr = sma->sem_base + sop->sem_num; + sem_op = sop->sem_op; + result = curr->semval; + + if (!sem_op && result) + goto would_block; + + result += sem_op; + if (result < 0) + goto would_block; + if (result > SEMVMX) + goto out_of_range; + if (sop->sem_flg & SEM_UNDO) { + int undo = un->semadj[sop->sem_num] - sem_op; + /* + * Exceeding the undo range is an error. + */ + if (undo < (-SEMAEM - 1) || undo > SEMAEM) + goto out_of_range; + } + curr->semval = result; + } + + sop--; + while (sop >= sops) { + sma->sem_base[sop->sem_num].sempid = pid; + if (sop->sem_flg & SEM_UNDO) + un->semadj[sop->sem_num] -= sop->sem_op; + sop--; + } + + return 0; + +out_of_range: + result = -ERANGE; + goto undo; + +would_block: + if (sop->sem_flg & IPC_NOWAIT) + result = -EAGAIN; + else + result = 1; + +undo: + sop--; + while (sop >= sops) { + sma->sem_base[sop->sem_num].semval -= sop->sem_op; + sop--; + } + + return result; +} + +/** wake_up_sem_queue_prepare(q, error): Prepare wake-up + * @q: queue entry that must be signaled + * @error: Error value for the signal + * + * Prepare the wake-up of the queue entry q. + */ +static void wake_up_sem_queue_prepare(struct list_head *pt, + struct sem_queue *q, int error) +{ + if (list_empty(pt)) { + /* + * Hold preempt off so that we don't get preempted and have the + * wakee busy-wait until we're scheduled back on. + */ + preempt_disable(); + } + q->status = IN_WAKEUP; + q->pid = error; + + list_add_tail(&q->simple_list, pt); +} + +/** + * wake_up_sem_queue_do(pt) - do the actual wake-up + * @pt: list of tasks to be woken up + * + * Do the actual wake-up. + * The function is called without any locks held, thus the semaphore array + * could be destroyed already and the tasks can disappear as soon as the + * status is set to the actual return code. + */ +static void wake_up_sem_queue_do(struct list_head *pt) +{ + struct sem_queue *q, *t; + int did_something; + + did_something = !list_empty(pt); + list_for_each_entry_safe(q, t, pt, simple_list) { + wake_up_process(q->sleeper); + /* q can disappear immediately after writing q->status. */ + smp_wmb(); + q->status = q->pid; + } + if (did_something) + preempt_enable(); +} + +static void unlink_queue(struct sem_array *sma, struct sem_queue *q) +{ + list_del(&q->list); + if (q->nsops == 1) + list_del(&q->simple_list); + else + sma->complex_count--; +} + +/** check_restart(sma, q) + * @sma: semaphore array + * @q: the operation that just completed + * + * update_queue is O(N^2) when it restarts scanning the whole queue of + * waiting operations. Therefore this function checks if the restart is + * really necessary. It is called after a previously waiting operation + * was completed. + */ +static int check_restart(struct sem_array *sma, struct sem_queue *q) +{ + struct sem *curr; + struct sem_queue *h; + + /* if the operation didn't modify the array, then no restart */ + if (q->alter == 0) + return 0; + + /* pending complex operations are too difficult to analyse */ + if (sma->complex_count) + return 1; + + /* we were a sleeping complex operation. Too difficult */ + if (q->nsops > 1) + return 1; + + curr = sma->sem_base + q->sops[0].sem_num; + + /* No-one waits on this queue */ + if (list_empty(&curr->sem_pending)) + return 0; + + /* the new semaphore value */ + if (curr->semval) { + /* It is impossible that someone waits for the new value: + * - q is a previously sleeping simple operation that + * altered the array. It must be a decrement, because + * simple increments never sleep. + * - The value is not 0, thus wait-for-zero won't proceed. + * - If there are older (higher priority) decrements + * in the queue, then they have observed the original + * semval value and couldn't proceed. The operation + * decremented to value - thus they won't proceed either. + */ + BUG_ON(q->sops[0].sem_op >= 0); + return 0; + } + /* + * semval is 0. Check if there are wait-for-zero semops. + * They must be the first entries in the per-semaphore simple queue + */ + h = list_first_entry(&curr->sem_pending, struct sem_queue, simple_list); + BUG_ON(h->nsops != 1); + BUG_ON(h->sops[0].sem_num != q->sops[0].sem_num); + + /* Yes, there is a wait-for-zero semop. Restart */ + if (h->sops[0].sem_op == 0) + return 1; + + /* Again - no-one is waiting for the new value. */ + return 0; +} + + +/** + * update_queue(sma, semnum): Look for tasks that can be completed. + * @sma: semaphore array. + * @semnum: semaphore that was modified. + * @pt: list head for the tasks that must be woken up. + * + * update_queue must be called after a semaphore in a semaphore array + * was modified. If multiple semaphore were modified, then @semnum + * must be set to -1. + * The tasks that must be woken up are added to @pt. The return code + * is stored in q->pid. + * The function return 1 if at least one semop was completed successfully. + */ +static int update_queue(struct sem_array *sma, int semnum, struct list_head *pt) +{ + struct sem_queue *q; + struct list_head *walk; + struct list_head *pending_list; + int offset; + int semop_completed = 0; + + /* if there are complex operations around, then knowing the semaphore + * that was modified doesn't help us. Assume that multiple semaphores + * were modified. + */ + if (sma->complex_count) + semnum = -1; + + if (semnum == -1) { + pending_list = &sma->sem_pending; + offset = offsetof(struct sem_queue, list); + } else { + pending_list = &sma->sem_base[semnum].sem_pending; + offset = offsetof(struct sem_queue, simple_list); + } + +again: + walk = pending_list->next; + while (walk != pending_list) { + int error, restart; + + q = (struct sem_queue *)((char *)walk - offset); + walk = walk->next; + + /* If we are scanning the single sop, per-semaphore list of + * one semaphore and that semaphore is 0, then it is not + * necessary to scan the "alter" entries: simple increments + * that affect only one entry succeed immediately and cannot + * be in the per semaphore pending queue, and decrements + * cannot be successful if the value is already 0. + */ + if (semnum != -1 && sma->sem_base[semnum].semval == 0 && + q->alter) + break; + + error = try_atomic_semop(sma, q->sops, q->nsops, + q->undo, q->pid); + + /* Does q->sleeper still need to sleep? */ + if (error > 0) + continue; + + unlink_queue(sma, q); + + if (error) { + restart = 0; + } else { + semop_completed = 1; + restart = check_restart(sma, q); + } + + wake_up_sem_queue_prepare(pt, q, error); + if (restart) + goto again; + } + return semop_completed; +} + +/** + * do_smart_update(sma, sops, nsops, otime, pt) - optimized update_queue + * @sma: semaphore array + * @sops: operations that were performed + * @nsops: number of operations + * @otime: force setting otime + * @pt: list head of the tasks that must be woken up. + * + * do_smart_update() does the required called to update_queue, based on the + * actual changes that were performed on the semaphore array. + * Note that the function does not do the actual wake-up: the caller is + * responsible for calling wake_up_sem_queue_do(@pt). + * It is safe to perform this call after dropping all locks. + */ +static void do_smart_update(struct sem_array *sma, struct sembuf *sops, int nsops, + int otime, struct list_head *pt) +{ + int i; + + if (sma->complex_count || sops == NULL) { + if (update_queue(sma, -1, pt)) + otime = 1; + goto done; + } + + for (i = 0; i < nsops; i++) { + if (sops[i].sem_op > 0 || + (sops[i].sem_op < 0 && + sma->sem_base[sops[i].sem_num].semval == 0)) + if (update_queue(sma, sops[i].sem_num, pt)) + otime = 1; + } +done: + if (otime) + sma->sem_otime = get_seconds(); +} + + +/* The following counts are associated to each semaphore: + * semncnt number of tasks waiting on semval being nonzero + * semzcnt number of tasks waiting on semval being zero + * This model assumes that a task waits on exactly one semaphore. + * Since semaphore operations are to be performed atomically, tasks actually + * wait on a whole sequence of semaphores simultaneously. + * The counts we return here are a rough approximation, but still + * warrant that semncnt+semzcnt>0 if the task is on the pending queue. + */ +static int count_semncnt (struct sem_array * sma, ushort semnum) +{ + int semncnt; + struct sem_queue * q; + + semncnt = 0; + list_for_each_entry(q, &sma->sem_pending, list) { + struct sembuf * sops = q->sops; + int nsops = q->nsops; + int i; + for (i = 0; i < nsops; i++) + if (sops[i].sem_num == semnum + && (sops[i].sem_op < 0) + && !(sops[i].sem_flg & IPC_NOWAIT)) + semncnt++; + } + return semncnt; +} + +static int count_semzcnt (struct sem_array * sma, ushort semnum) +{ + int semzcnt; + struct sem_queue * q; + + semzcnt = 0; + list_for_each_entry(q, &sma->sem_pending, list) { + struct sembuf * sops = q->sops; + int nsops = q->nsops; + int i; + for (i = 0; i < nsops; i++) + if (sops[i].sem_num == semnum + && (sops[i].sem_op == 0) + && !(sops[i].sem_flg & IPC_NOWAIT)) + semzcnt++; + } + return semzcnt; +} + +/* Free a semaphore set. freeary() is called with sem_ids.rw_mutex locked + * as a writer and the spinlock for this semaphore set hold. sem_ids.rw_mutex + * remains locked on exit. + */ +static void freeary(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp) +{ + struct sem_undo *un, *tu; + struct sem_queue *q, *tq; + struct sem_array *sma = container_of(ipcp, struct sem_array, sem_perm); + struct list_head tasks; + + /* Free the existing undo structures for this semaphore set. */ + assert_spin_locked(&sma->sem_perm.lock); + list_for_each_entry_safe(un, tu, &sma->list_id, list_id) { + list_del(&un->list_id); + spin_lock(&un->ulp->lock); + un->semid = -1; + list_del_rcu(&un->list_proc); + spin_unlock(&un->ulp->lock); + kfree_rcu(un, rcu); + } + + /* Wake up all pending processes and let them fail with EIDRM. */ + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tasks); + list_for_each_entry_safe(q, tq, &sma->sem_pending, list) { + unlink_queue(sma, q); + wake_up_sem_queue_prepare(&tasks, q, -EIDRM); + } + + /* Remove the semaphore set from the IDR */ + sem_rmid(ns, sma); + sem_unlock(sma); + + wake_up_sem_queue_do(&tasks); + ns->used_sems -= sma->sem_nsems; + security_sem_free(sma); + ipc_rcu_putref(sma); +} + +static unsigned long copy_semid_to_user(void __user *buf, struct semid64_ds *in, int version) +{ + switch(version) { + case IPC_64: + return copy_to_user(buf, in, sizeof(*in)); + case IPC_OLD: + { + struct semid_ds out; + + memset(&out, 0, sizeof(out)); + + ipc64_perm_to_ipc_perm(&in->sem_perm, &out.sem_perm); + + out.sem_otime = in->sem_otime; + out.sem_ctime = in->sem_ctime; + out.sem_nsems = in->sem_nsems; + + return copy_to_user(buf, &out, sizeof(out)); + } + default: + return -EINVAL; + } +} + +static int semctl_nolock(struct ipc_namespace *ns, int semid, + int cmd, int version, union semun arg) +{ + int err; + struct sem_array *sma; + + switch(cmd) { + case IPC_INFO: + case SEM_INFO: + { + struct seminfo seminfo; + int max_id; + + err = security_sem_semctl(NULL, cmd); + if (err) + return err; + + memset(&seminfo,0,sizeof(seminfo)); + seminfo.semmni = ns->sc_semmni; + seminfo.semmns = ns->sc_semmns; + seminfo.semmsl = ns->sc_semmsl; + seminfo.semopm = ns->sc_semopm; + seminfo.semvmx = SEMVMX; + seminfo.semmnu = SEMMNU; + seminfo.semmap = SEMMAP; + seminfo.semume = SEMUME; + down_read(&sem_ids(ns).rw_mutex); + if (cmd == SEM_INFO) { + seminfo.semusz = sem_ids(ns).in_use; + seminfo.semaem = ns->used_sems; + } else { + seminfo.semusz = SEMUSZ; + seminfo.semaem = SEMAEM; + } + max_id = ipc_get_maxid(&sem_ids(ns)); + up_read(&sem_ids(ns).rw_mutex); + if (copy_to_user (arg.__buf, &seminfo, sizeof(struct seminfo))) + return -EFAULT; + return (max_id < 0) ? 0: max_id; + } + case IPC_STAT: + case SEM_STAT: + { + struct semid64_ds tbuf; + int id; + + if (cmd == SEM_STAT) { + sma = sem_lock(ns, semid); + if (IS_ERR(sma)) + return PTR_ERR(sma); + id = sma->sem_perm.id; + } else { + sma = sem_lock_check(ns, semid); + if (IS_ERR(sma)) + return PTR_ERR(sma); + id = 0; + } + + err = -EACCES; + if (ipcperms(ns, &sma->sem_perm, S_IRUGO)) + goto out_unlock; + + err = security_sem_semctl(sma, cmd); + if (err) + goto out_unlock; + + memset(&tbuf, 0, sizeof(tbuf)); + + kernel_to_ipc64_perm(&sma->sem_perm, &tbuf.sem_perm); + tbuf.sem_otime = sma->sem_otime; + tbuf.sem_ctime = sma->sem_ctime; + tbuf.sem_nsems = sma->sem_nsems; + sem_unlock(sma); + if (copy_semid_to_user (arg.buf, &tbuf, version)) + return -EFAULT; + return id; + } + default: + return -EINVAL; + } +out_unlock: + sem_unlock(sma); + return err; +} + +static int semctl_main(struct ipc_namespace *ns, int semid, int semnum, + int cmd, int version, union semun arg) +{ + struct sem_array *sma; + struct sem* curr; + int err; + ushort fast_sem_io[SEMMSL_FAST]; + ushort* sem_io = fast_sem_io; + int nsems; + struct list_head tasks; + + sma = sem_lock_check(ns, semid); + if (IS_ERR(sma)) + return PTR_ERR(sma); + + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tasks); + nsems = sma->sem_nsems; + + err = -EACCES; + if (ipcperms(ns, &sma->sem_perm, + (cmd == SETVAL || cmd == SETALL) ? S_IWUGO : S_IRUGO)) + goto out_unlock; + + err = security_sem_semctl(sma, cmd); + if (err) + goto out_unlock; + + err = -EACCES; + switch (cmd) { + case GETALL: + { + ushort __user *array = arg.array; + int i; + + if(nsems > SEMMSL_FAST) { + sem_getref_and_unlock(sma); + + sem_io = ipc_alloc(sizeof(ushort)*nsems); + if(sem_io == NULL) { + sem_putref(sma); + return -ENOMEM; + } + + sem_lock_and_putref(sma); + if (sma->sem_perm.deleted) { + sem_unlock(sma); + err = -EIDRM; + goto out_free; + } + } + + for (i = 0; i < sma->sem_nsems; i++) + sem_io[i] = sma->sem_base[i].semval; + sem_unlock(sma); + err = 0; + if(copy_to_user(array, sem_io, nsems*sizeof(ushort))) + err = -EFAULT; + goto out_free; + } + case SETALL: + { + int i; + struct sem_undo *un; + + sem_getref_and_unlock(sma); + + if(nsems > SEMMSL_FAST) { + sem_io = ipc_alloc(sizeof(ushort)*nsems); + if(sem_io == NULL) { + sem_putref(sma); + return -ENOMEM; + } + } + + if (copy_from_user (sem_io, arg.array, nsems*sizeof(ushort))) { + sem_putref(sma); + err = -EFAULT; + goto out_free; + } + + for (i = 0; i < nsems; i++) { + if (sem_io[i] > SEMVMX) { + sem_putref(sma); + err = -ERANGE; + goto out_free; + } + } + sem_lock_and_putref(sma); + if (sma->sem_perm.deleted) { + sem_unlock(sma); + err = -EIDRM; + goto out_free; + } + + for (i = 0; i < nsems; i++) + sma->sem_base[i].semval = sem_io[i]; + + assert_spin_locked(&sma->sem_perm.lock); + list_for_each_entry(un, &sma->list_id, list_id) { + for (i = 0; i < nsems; i++) + un->semadj[i] = 0; + } + sma->sem_ctime = get_seconds(); + /* maybe some queued-up processes were waiting for this */ + do_smart_update(sma, NULL, 0, 0, &tasks); + err = 0; + goto out_unlock; + } + /* GETVAL, GETPID, GETNCTN, GETZCNT, SETVAL: fall-through */ + } + err = -EINVAL; + if(semnum < 0 || semnum >= nsems) + goto out_unlock; + + curr = &sma->sem_base[semnum]; + + switch (cmd) { + case GETVAL: + err = curr->semval; + goto out_unlock; + case GETPID: + err = curr->sempid; + goto out_unlock; + case GETNCNT: + err = count_semncnt(sma,semnum); + goto out_unlock; + case GETZCNT: + err = count_semzcnt(sma,semnum); + goto out_unlock; + case SETVAL: + { + int val = arg.val; + struct sem_undo *un; + + err = -ERANGE; + if (val > SEMVMX || val < 0) + goto out_unlock; + + assert_spin_locked(&sma->sem_perm.lock); + list_for_each_entry(un, &sma->list_id, list_id) + un->semadj[semnum] = 0; + + curr->semval = val; + curr->sempid = task_tgid_vnr(current); + sma->sem_ctime = get_seconds(); + /* maybe some queued-up processes were waiting for this */ + do_smart_update(sma, NULL, 0, 0, &tasks); + err = 0; + goto out_unlock; + } + } +out_unlock: + sem_unlock(sma); + wake_up_sem_queue_do(&tasks); + +out_free: + if(sem_io != fast_sem_io) + ipc_free(sem_io, sizeof(ushort)*nsems); + return err; +} + +static inline unsigned long +copy_semid_from_user(struct semid64_ds *out, void __user *buf, int version) +{ + switch(version) { + case IPC_64: + if (copy_from_user(out, buf, sizeof(*out))) + return -EFAULT; + return 0; + case IPC_OLD: + { + struct semid_ds tbuf_old; + + if(copy_from_user(&tbuf_old, buf, sizeof(tbuf_old))) + return -EFAULT; + + out->sem_perm.uid = tbuf_old.sem_perm.uid; + out->sem_perm.gid = tbuf_old.sem_perm.gid; + out->sem_perm.mode = tbuf_old.sem_perm.mode; + + return 0; + } + default: + return -EINVAL; + } +} + +/* + * This function handles some semctl commands which require the rw_mutex + * to be held in write mode. + * NOTE: no locks must be held, the rw_mutex is taken inside this function. + */ +static int semctl_down(struct ipc_namespace *ns, int semid, + int cmd, int version, union semun arg) +{ + struct sem_array *sma; + int err; + struct semid64_ds semid64; + struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp; + + if(cmd == IPC_SET) { + if (copy_semid_from_user(&semid64, arg.buf, version)) + return -EFAULT; + } + + ipcp = ipcctl_pre_down(ns, &sem_ids(ns), semid, cmd, + &semid64.sem_perm, 0); + if (IS_ERR(ipcp)) + return PTR_ERR(ipcp); + + sma = container_of(ipcp, struct sem_array, sem_perm); + + err = security_sem_semctl(sma, cmd); + if (err) + goto out_unlock; + + switch(cmd){ + case IPC_RMID: + freeary(ns, ipcp); + goto out_up; + case IPC_SET: + ipc_update_perm(&semid64.sem_perm, ipcp); + sma->sem_ctime = get_seconds(); + break; + default: + err = -EINVAL; + } + +out_unlock: + sem_unlock(sma); +out_up: + up_write(&sem_ids(ns).rw_mutex); + return err; +} + +SYSCALL_DEFINE(semctl)(int semid, int semnum, int cmd, union semun arg) +{ + int err = -EINVAL; + int version; + struct ipc_namespace *ns; + + if (semid < 0) + return -EINVAL; + + version = ipc_parse_version(&cmd); + ns = current->nsproxy->ipc_ns; + + switch(cmd) { + case IPC_INFO: + case SEM_INFO: + case IPC_STAT: + case SEM_STAT: + err = semctl_nolock(ns, semid, cmd, version, arg); + return err; + case GETALL: + case GETVAL: + case GETPID: + case GETNCNT: + case GETZCNT: + case SETVAL: + case SETALL: + err = semctl_main(ns,semid,semnum,cmd,version,arg); + return err; + case IPC_RMID: + case IPC_SET: + err = semctl_down(ns, semid, cmd, version, arg); + return err; + default: + return -EINVAL; + } +} +#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_SYSCALL_WRAPPERS +asmlinkage long SyS_semctl(int semid, int semnum, int cmd, union semun arg) +{ + return SYSC_semctl((int) semid, (int) semnum, (int) cmd, arg); +} +SYSCALL_ALIAS(sys_semctl, SyS_semctl); +#endif + +/* If the task doesn't already have a undo_list, then allocate one + * here. We guarantee there is only one thread using this undo list, + * and current is THE ONE + * + * If this allocation and assignment succeeds, but later + * portions of this code fail, there is no need to free the sem_undo_list. + * Just let it stay associated with the task, and it'll be freed later + * at exit time. + * + * This can block, so callers must hold no locks. + */ +static inline int get_undo_list(struct sem_undo_list **undo_listp) +{ + struct sem_undo_list *undo_list; + + undo_list = current->sysvsem.undo_list; + if (!undo_list) { + undo_list = kzalloc(sizeof(*undo_list), GFP_KERNEL); + if (undo_list == NULL) + return -ENOMEM; + spin_lock_init(&undo_list->lock); + atomic_set(&undo_list->refcnt, 1); + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&undo_list->list_proc); + + current->sysvsem.undo_list = undo_list; + } + *undo_listp = undo_list; + return 0; +} + +static struct sem_undo *__lookup_undo(struct sem_undo_list *ulp, int semid) +{ + struct sem_undo *un; + + list_for_each_entry_rcu(un, &ulp->list_proc, list_proc) { + if (un->semid == semid) + return un; + } + return NULL; +} + +static struct sem_undo *lookup_undo(struct sem_undo_list *ulp, int semid) +{ + struct sem_undo *un; + + assert_spin_locked(&ulp->lock); + + un = __lookup_undo(ulp, semid); + if (un) { + list_del_rcu(&un->list_proc); + list_add_rcu(&un->list_proc, &ulp->list_proc); + } + return un; +} + +/** + * find_alloc_undo - Lookup (and if not present create) undo array + * @ns: namespace + * @semid: semaphore array id + * + * The function looks up (and if not present creates) the undo structure. + * The size of the undo structure depends on the size of the semaphore + * array, thus the alloc path is not that straightforward. + * Lifetime-rules: sem_undo is rcu-protected, on success, the function + * performs a rcu_read_lock(). + */ +static struct sem_undo *find_alloc_undo(struct ipc_namespace *ns, int semid) +{ + struct sem_array *sma; + struct sem_undo_list *ulp; + struct sem_undo *un, *new; + int nsems; + int error; + + error = get_undo_list(&ulp); + if (error) + return ERR_PTR(error); + + rcu_read_lock(); + spin_lock(&ulp->lock); + un = lookup_undo(ulp, semid); + spin_unlock(&ulp->lock); + if (likely(un!=NULL)) + goto out; + rcu_read_unlock(); + + /* no undo structure around - allocate one. */ + /* step 1: figure out the size of the semaphore array */ + sma = sem_lock_check(ns, semid); + if (IS_ERR(sma)) + return ERR_CAST(sma); + + nsems = sma->sem_nsems; + sem_getref_and_unlock(sma); + + /* step 2: allocate new undo structure */ + new = kzalloc(sizeof(struct sem_undo) + sizeof(short)*nsems, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!new) { + sem_putref(sma); + return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); + } + + /* step 3: Acquire the lock on semaphore array */ + sem_lock_and_putref(sma); + if (sma->sem_perm.deleted) { + sem_unlock(sma); + kfree(new); + un = ERR_PTR(-EIDRM); + goto out; + } + spin_lock(&ulp->lock); + + /* + * step 4: check for races: did someone else allocate the undo struct? + */ + un = lookup_undo(ulp, semid); + if (un) { + kfree(new); + goto success; + } + /* step 5: initialize & link new undo structure */ + new->semadj = (short *) &new[1]; + new->ulp = ulp; + new->semid = semid; + assert_spin_locked(&ulp->lock); + list_add_rcu(&new->list_proc, &ulp->list_proc); + assert_spin_locked(&sma->sem_perm.lock); + list_add(&new->list_id, &sma->list_id); + un = new; + +success: + spin_unlock(&ulp->lock); + rcu_read_lock(); + sem_unlock(sma); +out: + return un; +} + + +/** + * get_queue_result - Retrieve the result code from sem_queue + * @q: Pointer to queue structure + * + * Retrieve the return code from the pending queue. If IN_WAKEUP is found in + * q->status, then we must loop until the value is replaced with the final + * value: This may happen if a task is woken up by an unrelated event (e.g. + * signal) and in parallel the task is woken up by another task because it got + * the requested semaphores. + * + * The function can be called with or without holding the semaphore spinlock. + */ +static int get_queue_result(struct sem_queue *q) +{ + int error; + + error = q->status; + while (unlikely(error == IN_WAKEUP)) { + cpu_relax(); + error = q->status; + } + + return error; +} + + +SYSCALL_DEFINE4(semtimedop, int, semid, struct sembuf __user *, tsops, + unsigned, nsops, const struct timespec __user *, timeout) +{ + int error = -EINVAL; + struct sem_array *sma; + struct sembuf fast_sops[SEMOPM_FAST]; + struct sembuf* sops = fast_sops, *sop; + struct sem_undo *un; + int undos = 0, alter = 0, max; + struct sem_queue queue; + unsigned long jiffies_left = 0; + struct ipc_namespace *ns; + struct list_head tasks; + + ns = current->nsproxy->ipc_ns; + + if (nsops < 1 || semid < 0) + return -EINVAL; + if (nsops > ns->sc_semopm) + return -E2BIG; + if(nsops > SEMOPM_FAST) { + sops = kmalloc(sizeof(*sops)*nsops,GFP_KERNEL); + if(sops==NULL) + return -ENOMEM; + } + if (copy_from_user (sops, tsops, nsops * sizeof(*tsops))) { + error=-EFAULT; + goto out_free; + } + if (timeout) { + struct timespec _timeout; + if (copy_from_user(&_timeout, timeout, sizeof(*timeout))) { + error = -EFAULT; + goto out_free; + } + if (_timeout.tv_sec < 0 || _timeout.tv_nsec < 0 || + _timeout.tv_nsec >= 1000000000L) { + error = -EINVAL; + goto out_free; + } + jiffies_left = timespec_to_jiffies(&_timeout); + } + max = 0; + for (sop = sops; sop < sops + nsops; sop++) { + if (sop->sem_num >= max) + max = sop->sem_num; + if (sop->sem_flg & SEM_UNDO) + undos = 1; + if (sop->sem_op != 0) + alter = 1; + } + + if (undos) { + un = find_alloc_undo(ns, semid); + if (IS_ERR(un)) { + error = PTR_ERR(un); + goto out_free; + } + } else + un = NULL; + + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tasks); + + sma = sem_lock_check(ns, semid); + if (IS_ERR(sma)) { + if (un) + rcu_read_unlock(); + error = PTR_ERR(sma); + goto out_free; + } + + /* + * semid identifiers are not unique - find_alloc_undo may have + * allocated an undo structure, it was invalidated by an RMID + * and now a new array with received the same id. Check and fail. + * This case can be detected checking un->semid. The existence of + * "un" itself is guaranteed by rcu. + */ + error = -EIDRM; + if (un) { + if (un->semid == -1) { + rcu_read_unlock(); + goto out_unlock_free; + } else { + /* + * rcu lock can be released, "un" cannot disappear: + * - sem_lock is acquired, thus IPC_RMID is + * impossible. + * - exit_sem is impossible, it always operates on + * current (or a dead task). + */ + + rcu_read_unlock(); + } + } + + error = -EFBIG; + if (max >= sma->sem_nsems) + goto out_unlock_free; + + error = -EACCES; + if (ipcperms(ns, &sma->sem_perm, alter ? S_IWUGO : S_IRUGO)) + goto out_unlock_free; + + error = security_sem_semop(sma, sops, nsops, alter); + if (error) + goto out_unlock_free; + + error = try_atomic_semop (sma, sops, nsops, un, task_tgid_vnr(current)); + if (error <= 0) { + if (alter && error == 0) + do_smart_update(sma, sops, nsops, 1, &tasks); + + goto out_unlock_free; + } + + /* We need to sleep on this operation, so we put the current + * task into the pending queue and go to sleep. + */ + + queue.sops = sops; + queue.nsops = nsops; + queue.undo = un; + queue.pid = task_tgid_vnr(current); + queue.alter = alter; + if (alter) + list_add_tail(&queue.list, &sma->sem_pending); + else + list_add(&queue.list, &sma->sem_pending); + + if (nsops == 1) { + struct sem *curr; + curr = &sma->sem_base[sops->sem_num]; + + if (alter) + list_add_tail(&queue.simple_list, &curr->sem_pending); + else + list_add(&queue.simple_list, &curr->sem_pending); + } else { + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&queue.simple_list); + sma->complex_count++; + } + + queue.status = -EINTR; + queue.sleeper = current; + +sleep_again: + current->state = TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE; + sem_unlock(sma); + + if (timeout) + jiffies_left = schedule_timeout(jiffies_left); + else + schedule(); + + error = get_queue_result(&queue); + + if (error != -EINTR) { + /* fast path: update_queue already obtained all requested + * resources. + * Perform a smp_mb(): User space could assume that semop() + * is a memory barrier: Without the mb(), the cpu could + * speculatively read in user space stale data that was + * overwritten by the previous owner of the semaphore. + */ + smp_mb(); + + goto out_free; + } + + sma = sem_lock(ns, semid); + + /* + * Wait until it's guaranteed that no wakeup_sem_queue_do() is ongoing. + */ + error = get_queue_result(&queue); + + /* + * Array removed? If yes, leave without sem_unlock(). + */ + if (IS_ERR(sma)) { + goto out_free; + } + + + /* + * If queue.status != -EINTR we are woken up by another process. + * Leave without unlink_queue(), but with sem_unlock(). + */ + + if (error != -EINTR) { + goto out_unlock_free; + } + + /* + * If an interrupt occurred we have to clean up the queue + */ + if (timeout && jiffies_left == 0) + error = -EAGAIN; + + /* + * If the wakeup was spurious, just retry + */ + if (error == -EINTR && !signal_pending(current)) + goto sleep_again; + + unlink_queue(sma, &queue); + +out_unlock_free: + sem_unlock(sma); + + wake_up_sem_queue_do(&tasks); +out_free: + if(sops != fast_sops) + kfree(sops); + return error; +} + +SYSCALL_DEFINE3(semop, int, semid, struct sembuf __user *, tsops, + unsigned, nsops) +{ + return sys_semtimedop(semid, tsops, nsops, NULL); +} + +/* If CLONE_SYSVSEM is set, establish sharing of SEM_UNDO state between + * parent and child tasks. + */ + +int copy_semundo(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk) +{ + struct sem_undo_list *undo_list; + int error; + + if (clone_flags & CLONE_SYSVSEM) { + error = get_undo_list(&undo_list); + if (error) + return error; + atomic_inc(&undo_list->refcnt); + tsk->sysvsem.undo_list = undo_list; + } else + tsk->sysvsem.undo_list = NULL; + + return 0; +} + +/* + * add semadj values to semaphores, free undo structures. + * undo structures are not freed when semaphore arrays are destroyed + * so some of them may be out of date. + * IMPLEMENTATION NOTE: There is some confusion over whether the + * set of adjustments that needs to be done should be done in an atomic + * manner or not. That is, if we are attempting to decrement the semval + * should we queue up and wait until we can do so legally? + * The original implementation attempted to do this (queue and wait). + * The current implementation does not do so. The POSIX standard + * and SVID should be consulted to determine what behavior is mandated. + */ +void exit_sem(struct task_struct *tsk) +{ + struct sem_undo_list *ulp; + + ulp = tsk->sysvsem.undo_list; + if (!ulp) + return; + tsk->sysvsem.undo_list = NULL; + + if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&ulp->refcnt)) + return; + + for (;;) { + struct sem_array *sma; + struct sem_undo *un; + struct list_head tasks; + int semid; + int i; + + rcu_read_lock(); + un = list_entry_rcu(ulp->list_proc.next, + struct sem_undo, list_proc); + if (&un->list_proc == &ulp->list_proc) + semid = -1; + else + semid = un->semid; + rcu_read_unlock(); + + if (semid == -1) + break; + + sma = sem_lock_check(tsk->nsproxy->ipc_ns, un->semid); + + /* exit_sem raced with IPC_RMID, nothing to do */ + if (IS_ERR(sma)) + continue; + + un = __lookup_undo(ulp, semid); + if (un == NULL) { + /* exit_sem raced with IPC_RMID+semget() that created + * exactly the same semid. Nothing to do. + */ + sem_unlock(sma); + continue; + } + + /* remove un from the linked lists */ + assert_spin_locked(&sma->sem_perm.lock); + list_del(&un->list_id); + + spin_lock(&ulp->lock); + list_del_rcu(&un->list_proc); + spin_unlock(&ulp->lock); + + /* perform adjustments registered in un */ + for (i = 0; i < sma->sem_nsems; i++) { + struct sem * semaphore = &sma->sem_base[i]; + if (un->semadj[i]) { + semaphore->semval += un->semadj[i]; + /* + * Range checks of the new semaphore value, + * not defined by sus: + * - Some unices ignore the undo entirely + * (e.g. HP UX 11i 11.22, Tru64 V5.1) + * - some cap the value (e.g. FreeBSD caps + * at 0, but doesn't enforce SEMVMX) + * + * Linux caps the semaphore value, both at 0 + * and at SEMVMX. + * + * Manfred <manfred@colorfullife.com> + */ + if (semaphore->semval < 0) + semaphore->semval = 0; + if (semaphore->semval > SEMVMX) + semaphore->semval = SEMVMX; + semaphore->sempid = task_tgid_vnr(current); + } + } + /* maybe some queued-up processes were waiting for this */ + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tasks); + do_smart_update(sma, NULL, 0, 1, &tasks); + sem_unlock(sma); + wake_up_sem_queue_do(&tasks); + + kfree_rcu(un, rcu); + } + kfree(ulp); +} + +#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS +static int sysvipc_sem_proc_show(struct seq_file *s, void *it) +{ + struct sem_array *sma = it; + + return seq_printf(s, + "%10d %10d %4o %10u %5u %5u %5u %5u %10lu %10lu\n", + sma->sem_perm.key, + sma->sem_perm.id, + sma->sem_perm.mode, + sma->sem_nsems, + sma->sem_perm.uid, + sma->sem_perm.gid, + sma->sem_perm.cuid, + sma->sem_perm.cgid, + sma->sem_otime, + sma->sem_ctime); +} +#endif |