Moved, renamed, and deleted files

The original directory structure was scattered and unorganized.
Changes are basically to make it look like kernel structure.

1 files changed, 3492 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_native.c b/sound/core/pcm_native.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d535b341
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_native.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3492 @@
+/*
+ *  Digital Audio (PCM) abstract layer
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *
+ *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/pm_qos.h>
+#include <linux/uio.h>
+#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
+#include <sound/timer.h>
+#include <sound/minors.h>
+#include <asm/io.h>
+#if defined(CONFIG_MIPS) && defined(CONFIG_DMA_NONCOHERENT)
+#include <dma-coherence.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Compatibility
+ */
+
+struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old {
+	unsigned int flags;
+	unsigned int masks[SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT -
+			   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS + 1];
+	struct snd_interval intervals[SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_TICK_TIME -
+					SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS + 1];
+	unsigned int rmask;
+	unsigned int cmask;
+	unsigned int info;
+	unsigned int msbits;
+	unsigned int rate_num;
+	unsigned int rate_den;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t fifo_size;
+	unsigned char reserved[64];
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_SUPPORT_OLD_API
+#define SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_REFINE_OLD _IOWR('A', 0x10, struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_PARAMS_OLD _IOWR('A', 0x11, struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old)
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_refine_old_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				      struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old __user * _oparams);
+static int snd_pcm_hw_params_old_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				      struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old __user * _oparams);
+#endif
+static int snd_pcm_open(struct file *file, struct snd_pcm *pcm, int stream);
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
+DEFINE_RWLOCK(snd_pcm_link_rwlock);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_link_rwlock);
+
+static DECLARE_RWSEM(snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+
+static inline mm_segment_t snd_enter_user(void)
+{
+	mm_segment_t fs = get_fs();
+	set_fs(get_ds());
+	return fs;
+}
+
+static inline void snd_leave_user(mm_segment_t fs)
+{
+	set_fs(fs);
+}
+
+
+
+int snd_pcm_info(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct snd_pcm_info *info)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm = substream->pcm;
+	struct snd_pcm_str *pstr = substream->pstr;
+
+	memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
+	info->card = pcm->card->number;
+	info->device = pcm->device;
+	info->stream = substream->stream;
+	info->subdevice = substream->number;
+	strlcpy(info->id, pcm->id, sizeof(info->id));
+	strlcpy(info->name, pcm->name, sizeof(info->name));
+	info->dev_class = pcm->dev_class;
+	info->dev_subclass = pcm->dev_subclass;
+	info->subdevices_count = pstr->substream_count;
+	info->subdevices_avail = pstr->substream_count - pstr->substream_opened;
+	strlcpy(info->subname, substream->name, sizeof(info->subname));
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	/* AB: FIXME!!! This is definitely nonsense */
+	if (runtime) {
+		info->sync = runtime->sync;
+		substream->ops->ioctl(substream, SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_INFO, info);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_pcm_info_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+		      struct snd_pcm_info __user * _info)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_info *info;
+	int err;
+
+	info = kmalloc(sizeof(*info), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (! info)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_pcm_info(substream, info);
+	if (err >= 0) {
+		if (copy_to_user(_info, info, sizeof(*info)))
+			err = -EFAULT;
+	}
+	kfree(info);
+	return err;
+}
+
+#undef RULES_DEBUG
+
+#ifdef RULES_DEBUG
+#define HW_PARAM(v) [SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_##v] = #v
+static const char * const snd_pcm_hw_param_names[] = {
+	HW_PARAM(ACCESS),
+	HW_PARAM(FORMAT),
+	HW_PARAM(SUBFORMAT),
+	HW_PARAM(SAMPLE_BITS),
+	HW_PARAM(FRAME_BITS),
+	HW_PARAM(CHANNELS),
+	HW_PARAM(RATE),
+	HW_PARAM(PERIOD_TIME),
+	HW_PARAM(PERIOD_SIZE),
+	HW_PARAM(PERIOD_BYTES),
+	HW_PARAM(PERIODS),
+	HW_PARAM(BUFFER_TIME),
+	HW_PARAM(BUFFER_SIZE),
+	HW_PARAM(BUFFER_BYTES),
+	HW_PARAM(TICK_TIME),
+};
+#endif
+
+int snd_pcm_hw_refine(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, 
+		      struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
+{
+	unsigned int k;
+	struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw;
+	struct snd_interval *i = NULL;
+	struct snd_mask *m = NULL;
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraints *constrs = &substream->runtime->hw_constraints;
+	unsigned int rstamps[constrs->rules_num];
+	unsigned int vstamps[SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_INTERVAL + 1];
+	unsigned int stamp = 2;
+	int changed, again;
+
+	params->info = 0;
+	params->fifo_size = 0;
+	if (params->rmask & (1 << SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS))
+		params->msbits = 0;
+	if (params->rmask & (1 << SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE)) {
+		params->rate_num = 0;
+		params->rate_den = 0;
+	}
+
+	for (k = SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_MASK; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_MASK; k++) {
+		m = hw_param_mask(params, k);
+		if (snd_mask_empty(m))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (!(params->rmask & (1 << k)))
+			continue;
+#ifdef RULES_DEBUG
+		printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s = ", snd_pcm_hw_param_names[k]);
+		printk("%04x%04x%04x%04x -> ", m->bits[3], m->bits[2], m->bits[1], m->bits[0]);
+#endif
+		changed = snd_mask_refine(m, constrs_mask(constrs, k));
+#ifdef RULES_DEBUG
+		printk("%04x%04x%04x%04x\n", m->bits[3], m->bits[2], m->bits[1], m->bits[0]);
+#endif
+		if (changed)
+			params->cmask |= 1 << k;
+		if (changed < 0)
+			return changed;
+	}
+
+	for (k = SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_INTERVAL; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_INTERVAL; k++) {
+		i = hw_param_interval(params, k);
+		if (snd_interval_empty(i))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (!(params->rmask & (1 << k)))
+			continue;
+#ifdef RULES_DEBUG
+		printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s = ", snd_pcm_hw_param_names[k]);
+		if (i->empty)
+			printk("empty");
+		else
+			printk("%c%u %u%c", 
+			       i->openmin ? '(' : '[', i->min,
+			       i->max, i->openmax ? ')' : ']');
+		printk(" -> ");
+#endif
+		changed = snd_interval_refine(i, constrs_interval(constrs, k));
+#ifdef RULES_DEBUG
+		if (i->empty)
+			printk("empty\n");
+		else 
+			printk("%c%u %u%c\n", 
+			       i->openmin ? '(' : '[', i->min,
+			       i->max, i->openmax ? ')' : ']');
+#endif
+		if (changed)
+			params->cmask |= 1 << k;
+		if (changed < 0)
+			return changed;
+	}
+
+	for (k = 0; k < constrs->rules_num; k++)
+		rstamps[k] = 0;
+	for (k = 0; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_INTERVAL; k++) 
+		vstamps[k] = (params->rmask & (1 << k)) ? 1 : 0;
+	do {
+		again = 0;
+		for (k = 0; k < constrs->rules_num; k++) {
+			struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *r = &constrs->rules[k];
+			unsigned int d;
+			int doit = 0;
+			if (r->cond && !(r->cond & params->flags))
+				continue;
+			for (d = 0; r->deps[d] >= 0; d++) {
+				if (vstamps[r->deps[d]] > rstamps[k]) {
+					doit = 1;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			if (!doit)
+				continue;
+#ifdef RULES_DEBUG
+			printk(KERN_DEBUG "Rule %d [%p]: ", k, r->func);
+			if (r->var >= 0) {
+				printk("%s = ", snd_pcm_hw_param_names[r->var]);
+				if (hw_is_mask(r->var)) {
+					m = hw_param_mask(params, r->var);
+					printk("%x", *m->bits);
+				} else {
+					i = hw_param_interval(params, r->var);
+					if (i->empty)
+						printk("empty");
+					else
+						printk("%c%u %u%c", 
+						       i->openmin ? '(' : '[', i->min,
+						       i->max, i->openmax ? ')' : ']');
+				}
+			}
+#endif
+			changed = r->func(params, r);
+#ifdef RULES_DEBUG
+			if (r->var >= 0) {
+				printk(" -> ");
+				if (hw_is_mask(r->var))
+					printk("%x", *m->bits);
+				else {
+					if (i->empty)
+						printk("empty");
+					else
+						printk("%c%u %u%c", 
+						       i->openmin ? '(' : '[', i->min,
+						       i->max, i->openmax ? ')' : ']');
+				}
+			}
+			printk("\n");
+#endif
+			rstamps[k] = stamp;
+			if (changed && r->var >= 0) {
+				params->cmask |= (1 << r->var);
+				vstamps[r->var] = stamp;
+				again = 1;
+			}
+			if (changed < 0)
+				return changed;
+			stamp++;
+		}
+	} while (again);
+	if (!params->msbits) {
+		i = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS);
+		if (snd_interval_single(i))
+			params->msbits = snd_interval_value(i);
+	}
+
+	if (!params->rate_den) {
+		i = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE);
+		if (snd_interval_single(i)) {
+			params->rate_num = snd_interval_value(i);
+			params->rate_den = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	hw = &substream->runtime->hw;
+	if (!params->info)
+		params->info = hw->info & ~SNDRV_PCM_INFO_FIFO_IN_FRAMES;
+	if (!params->fifo_size) {
+		m = hw_param_mask(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT);
+		i = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+		if (snd_mask_min(m) == snd_mask_max(m) &&
+                    snd_interval_min(i) == snd_interval_max(i)) {
+			changed = substream->ops->ioctl(substream,
+					SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_FIFO_SIZE, params);
+			if (changed < 0)
+				return changed;
+		}
+	}
+	params->rmask = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_refine);
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_refine_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				  struct snd_pcm_hw_params __user * _params)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params;
+	int err;
+
+	params = memdup_user(_params, sizeof(*params));
+	if (IS_ERR(params))
+		return PTR_ERR(params);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(substream, params);
+	if (copy_to_user(_params, params, sizeof(*params))) {
+		if (!err)
+			err = -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	kfree(params);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int period_to_usecs(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	int usecs;
+
+	if (! runtime->rate)
+		return -1; /* invalid */
+
+	/* take 75% of period time as the deadline */
+	usecs = (750000 / runtime->rate) * runtime->period_size;
+	usecs += ((750000 % runtime->rate) * runtime->period_size) /
+		runtime->rate;
+
+	return usecs;
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_set_state(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	if (substream->runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DISCONNECTED)
+		substream->runtime->status->state = state;
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			     struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	int err, usecs;
+	unsigned int bits;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t frames;
+
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+		break;
+	default:
+		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+		return -EBADFD;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+#if defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS) || defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS_MODULE)
+	if (!substream->oss.oss)
+#endif
+		if (atomic_read(&substream->mmap_count))
+			return -EBADFD;
+
+	params->rmask = ~0U;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(substream, params);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto _error;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_params_choose(substream, params);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto _error;
+
+	if (substream->ops->hw_params != NULL) {
+		err = substream->ops->hw_params(substream, params);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto _error;
+	}
+
+	runtime->access = params_access(params);
+	runtime->format = params_format(params);
+	runtime->subformat = params_subformat(params);
+	runtime->channels = params_channels(params);
+	runtime->rate = params_rate(params);
+	runtime->period_size = params_period_size(params);
+	runtime->periods = params_periods(params);
+	runtime->buffer_size = params_buffer_size(params);
+	runtime->info = params->info;
+	runtime->rate_num = params->rate_num;
+	runtime->rate_den = params->rate_den;
+	runtime->no_period_wakeup =
+			(params->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NO_PERIOD_WAKEUP) &&
+			(params->flags & SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAMS_NO_PERIOD_WAKEUP);
+
+	bits = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(runtime->format);
+	runtime->sample_bits = bits;
+	bits *= runtime->channels;
+	runtime->frame_bits = bits;
+	frames = 1;
+	while (bits % 8 != 0) {
+		bits *= 2;
+		frames *= 2;
+	}
+	runtime->byte_align = bits / 8;
+	runtime->min_align = frames;
+
+	/* Default sw params */
+	runtime->tstamp_mode = SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_NONE;
+	runtime->period_step = 1;
+	runtime->control->avail_min = runtime->period_size;
+	runtime->start_threshold = 1;
+	runtime->stop_threshold = runtime->buffer_size;
+	runtime->silence_threshold = 0;
+	runtime->silence_size = 0;
+	runtime->boundary = runtime->buffer_size;
+	while (runtime->boundary * 2 <= LONG_MAX - runtime->buffer_size)
+		runtime->boundary *= 2;
+
+	snd_pcm_timer_resolution_change(substream);
+	snd_pcm_set_state(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP);
+
+	if (pm_qos_request_active(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req))
+		pm_qos_remove_request(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req);
+	if ((usecs = period_to_usecs(runtime)) >= 0)
+		pm_qos_add_request(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req,
+				   PM_QOS_CPU_DMA_LATENCY, usecs);
+	return 0;
+ _error:
+	/* hardware might be unusable from this time,
+	   so we force application to retry to set
+	   the correct hardware parameter settings */
+	snd_pcm_set_state(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN);
+	if (substream->ops->hw_free != NULL)
+		substream->ops->hw_free(substream);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_params_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				  struct snd_pcm_hw_params __user * _params)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params;
+	int err;
+
+	params = memdup_user(_params, sizeof(*params));
+	if (IS_ERR(params))
+		return PTR_ERR(params);
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_params(substream, params);
+	if (copy_to_user(_params, params, sizeof(*params))) {
+		if (!err)
+			err = -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	kfree(params);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	int result = 0;
+
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+		break;
+	default:
+		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+		return -EBADFD;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	if (atomic_read(&substream->mmap_count))
+		return -EBADFD;
+	if (substream->ops->hw_free)
+		result = substream->ops->hw_free(substream);
+	snd_pcm_set_state(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN);
+	pm_qos_remove_request(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_sw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			     struct snd_pcm_sw_params *params)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	int err;
+
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN) {
+		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+		return -EBADFD;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+
+	if (params->tstamp_mode > SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_LAST)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (params->avail_min == 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (params->silence_size >= runtime->boundary) {
+		if (params->silence_threshold != 0)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	} else {
+		if (params->silence_size > params->silence_threshold)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (params->silence_threshold > runtime->buffer_size)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	err = 0;
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	runtime->tstamp_mode = params->tstamp_mode;
+	runtime->period_step = params->period_step;
+	runtime->control->avail_min = params->avail_min;
+	runtime->start_threshold = params->start_threshold;
+	runtime->stop_threshold = params->stop_threshold;
+	runtime->silence_threshold = params->silence_threshold;
+	runtime->silence_size = params->silence_size;
+        params->boundary = runtime->boundary;
+	if (snd_pcm_running(substream)) {
+		if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
+		    runtime->silence_size > 0)
+			snd_pcm_playback_silence(substream, ULONG_MAX);
+		err = snd_pcm_update_state(substream, runtime);
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_sw_params_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				  struct snd_pcm_sw_params __user * _params)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_sw_params params;
+	int err;
+	if (copy_from_user(&params, _params, sizeof(params)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	err = snd_pcm_sw_params(substream, &params);
+	if (copy_to_user(_params, &params, sizeof(params)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return err;
+}
+
+int snd_pcm_status(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+		   struct snd_pcm_status *status)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	status->state = runtime->status->state;
+	status->suspended_state = runtime->status->suspended_state;
+	if (status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		goto _end;
+	status->trigger_tstamp = runtime->trigger_tstamp;
+	if (snd_pcm_running(substream)) {
+		snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream);
+		if (runtime->tstamp_mode == SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_ENABLE) {
+			status->tstamp = runtime->status->tstamp;
+			goto _tstamp_end;
+		}
+	}
+	snd_pcm_gettime(runtime, &status->tstamp);
+ _tstamp_end:
+	status->appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr;
+	status->hw_ptr = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		status->avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING ||
+		    runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING) {
+			status->delay = runtime->buffer_size - status->avail;
+			status->delay += runtime->delay;
+		} else
+			status->delay = 0;
+	} else {
+		status->avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
+			status->delay = status->avail + runtime->delay;
+		else
+			status->delay = 0;
+	}
+	status->avail_max = runtime->avail_max;
+	status->overrange = runtime->overrange;
+	runtime->avail_max = 0;
+	runtime->overrange = 0;
+ _end:
+ 	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_status_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			       struct snd_pcm_status __user * _status)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_status status;
+	int res;
+	
+	memset(&status, 0, sizeof(status));
+	res = snd_pcm_status(substream, &status);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	if (copy_to_user(_status, &status, sizeof(status)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_channel_info(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				struct snd_pcm_channel_info * info)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	unsigned int channel;
+	
+	channel = info->channel;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN) {
+		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+		return -EBADFD;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	if (channel >= runtime->channels)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
+	info->channel = channel;
+	return substream->ops->ioctl(substream, SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_CHANNEL_INFO, info);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_channel_info_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				     struct snd_pcm_channel_info __user * _info)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_channel_info info;
+	int res;
+	
+	if (copy_from_user(&info, _info, sizeof(info)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	res = snd_pcm_channel_info(substream, &info);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	if (copy_to_user(_info, &info, sizeof(info)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_trigger_tstamp(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->trigger_master == NULL)
+		return;
+	if (runtime->trigger_master == substream) {
+		snd_pcm_gettime(runtime, &runtime->trigger_tstamp);
+	} else {
+		snd_pcm_trigger_tstamp(runtime->trigger_master);
+		runtime->trigger_tstamp = runtime->trigger_master->runtime->trigger_tstamp;
+	}
+	runtime->trigger_master = NULL;
+}
+
+struct action_ops {
+	int (*pre_action)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state);
+	int (*do_action)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state);
+	void (*undo_action)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state);
+	void (*post_action)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state);
+};
+
+/*
+ *  this functions is core for handling of linked stream
+ *  Note: the stream state might be changed also on failure
+ *  Note2: call with calling stream lock + link lock
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_action_group(struct action_ops *ops,
+				struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				int state, int do_lock)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *s = NULL;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *s1;
+	int res = 0;
+
+	snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+		if (do_lock && s != substream)
+			spin_lock_nested(&s->self_group.lock,
+					 SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
+		res = ops->pre_action(s, state);
+		if (res < 0)
+			goto _unlock;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+		res = ops->do_action(s, state);
+		if (res < 0) {
+			if (ops->undo_action) {
+				snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s1, substream) {
+					if (s1 == s) /* failed stream */
+						break;
+					ops->undo_action(s1, state);
+				}
+			}
+			s = NULL; /* unlock all */
+			goto _unlock;
+		}
+	}
+	snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+		ops->post_action(s, state);
+	}
+ _unlock:
+	if (do_lock) {
+		/* unlock streams */
+		snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s1, substream) {
+			if (s1 != substream)
+				spin_unlock(&s1->self_group.lock);
+			if (s1 == s)	/* end */
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Note: call with stream lock
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_action_single(struct action_ops *ops,
+				 struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				 int state)
+{
+	int res;
+	
+	res = ops->pre_action(substream, state);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	res = ops->do_action(substream, state);
+	if (res == 0)
+		ops->post_action(substream, state);
+	else if (ops->undo_action)
+		ops->undo_action(substream, state);
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Note: call with stream lock
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_action(struct action_ops *ops,
+			  struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			  int state)
+{
+	int res;
+
+	if (snd_pcm_stream_linked(substream)) {
+		if (!spin_trylock(&substream->group->lock)) {
+			spin_unlock(&substream->self_group.lock);
+			spin_lock(&substream->group->lock);
+			spin_lock(&substream->self_group.lock);
+		}
+		res = snd_pcm_action_group(ops, substream, state, 1);
+		spin_unlock(&substream->group->lock);
+	} else {
+		res = snd_pcm_action_single(ops, substream, state);
+	}
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Note: don't use any locks before
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_action_lock_irq(struct action_ops *ops,
+				   struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				   int state)
+{
+	int res;
+
+	read_lock_irq(&snd_pcm_link_rwlock);
+	if (snd_pcm_stream_linked(substream)) {
+		spin_lock(&substream->group->lock);
+		spin_lock(&substream->self_group.lock);
+		res = snd_pcm_action_group(ops, substream, state, 1);
+		spin_unlock(&substream->self_group.lock);
+		spin_unlock(&substream->group->lock);
+	} else {
+		spin_lock(&substream->self_group.lock);
+		res = snd_pcm_action_single(ops, substream, state);
+		spin_unlock(&substream->self_group.lock);
+	}
+	read_unlock_irq(&snd_pcm_link_rwlock);
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_action_nonatomic(struct action_ops *ops,
+				    struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    int state)
+{
+	int res;
+
+	down_read(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+	if (snd_pcm_stream_linked(substream))
+		res = snd_pcm_action_group(ops, substream, state, 0);
+	else
+		res = snd_pcm_action_single(ops, substream, state);
+	up_read(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ * start callbacks
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_pre_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
+	    !snd_pcm_playback_data(substream))
+		return -EPIPE;
+	runtime->trigger_master = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_do_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	if (substream->runtime->trigger_master != substream)
+		return 0;
+	return substream->ops->trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START);
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_undo_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	if (substream->runtime->trigger_master == substream)
+		substream->ops->trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP);
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_post_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_trigger_tstamp(substream);
+	runtime->hw_ptr_jiffies = jiffies;
+	runtime->hw_ptr_buffer_jiffies = (runtime->buffer_size * HZ) / 
+							    runtime->rate;
+	runtime->status->state = state;
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
+	    runtime->silence_size > 0)
+		snd_pcm_playback_silence(substream, ULONG_MAX);
+	if (substream->timer)
+		snd_timer_notify(substream->timer, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_MSTART,
+				 &runtime->trigger_tstamp);
+}
+
+static struct action_ops snd_pcm_action_start = {
+	.pre_action = snd_pcm_pre_start,
+	.do_action = snd_pcm_do_start,
+	.undo_action = snd_pcm_undo_start,
+	.post_action = snd_pcm_post_start
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_start - start all linked streams
+ * @substream: the PCM substream instance
+ */
+int snd_pcm_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_action(&snd_pcm_action_start, substream,
+			      SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING);
+}
+
+/*
+ * stop callbacks
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_pre_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	runtime->trigger_master = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_do_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	if (substream->runtime->trigger_master == substream &&
+	    snd_pcm_running(substream))
+		substream->ops->trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP);
+	return 0; /* unconditonally stop all substreams */
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_post_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state != state) {
+		snd_pcm_trigger_tstamp(substream);
+		if (substream->timer)
+			snd_timer_notify(substream->timer, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_MSTOP,
+					 &runtime->trigger_tstamp);
+		runtime->status->state = state;
+	}
+	wake_up(&runtime->sleep);
+	wake_up(&runtime->tsleep);
+}
+
+static struct action_ops snd_pcm_action_stop = {
+	.pre_action = snd_pcm_pre_stop,
+	.do_action = snd_pcm_do_stop,
+	.post_action = snd_pcm_post_stop
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_stop - try to stop all running streams in the substream group
+ * @substream: the PCM substream instance
+ * @state: PCM state after stopping the stream
+ *
+ * The state of each stream is then changed to the given state unconditionally.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, snd_pcm_state_t state)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_action(&snd_pcm_action_stop, substream, state);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_stop);
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_drain_done - stop the DMA only when the given stream is playback
+ * @substream: the PCM substream
+ *
+ * After stopping, the state is changed to SETUP.
+ * Unlike snd_pcm_stop(), this affects only the given stream.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_drain_done(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_action_single(&snd_pcm_action_stop, substream,
+				     SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP);
+}
+
+/*
+ * pause callbacks
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_pre_pause(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int push)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (!(runtime->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE))
+		return -ENOSYS;
+	if (push) {
+		if (runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
+			return -EBADFD;
+	} else if (runtime->status->state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	runtime->trigger_master = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_do_pause(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int push)
+{
+	if (substream->runtime->trigger_master != substream)
+		return 0;
+	/* some drivers might use hw_ptr to recover from the pause -
+	   update the hw_ptr now */
+	if (push)
+		snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream);
+	/* The jiffies check in snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr*() is done by
+	 * a delta between the current jiffies, this gives a large enough
+	 * delta, effectively to skip the check once.
+	 */
+	substream->runtime->hw_ptr_jiffies = jiffies - HZ * 1000;
+	return substream->ops->trigger(substream,
+				       push ? SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH :
+					      SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE);
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_undo_pause(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int push)
+{
+	if (substream->runtime->trigger_master == substream)
+		substream->ops->trigger(substream,
+					push ? SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE :
+					SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH);
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_post_pause(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int push)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_trigger_tstamp(substream);
+	if (push) {
+		runtime->status->state = SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED;
+		if (substream->timer)
+			snd_timer_notify(substream->timer,
+					 SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_MPAUSE,
+					 &runtime->trigger_tstamp);
+		wake_up(&runtime->sleep);
+		wake_up(&runtime->tsleep);
+	} else {
+		runtime->status->state = SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING;
+		if (substream->timer)
+			snd_timer_notify(substream->timer,
+					 SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_MCONTINUE,
+					 &runtime->trigger_tstamp);
+	}
+}
+
+static struct action_ops snd_pcm_action_pause = {
+	.pre_action = snd_pcm_pre_pause,
+	.do_action = snd_pcm_do_pause,
+	.undo_action = snd_pcm_undo_pause,
+	.post_action = snd_pcm_post_pause
+};
+
+/*
+ * Push/release the pause for all linked streams.
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_pause(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int push)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_action(&snd_pcm_action_pause, substream, push);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+/* suspend */
+
+static int snd_pcm_pre_suspend(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	runtime->trigger_master = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_do_suspend(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->trigger_master != substream)
+		return 0;
+	if (! snd_pcm_running(substream))
+		return 0;
+	substream->ops->trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND);
+	return 0; /* suspend unconditionally */
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_post_suspend(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_trigger_tstamp(substream);
+	if (substream->timer)
+		snd_timer_notify(substream->timer, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_MSUSPEND,
+				 &runtime->trigger_tstamp);
+	runtime->status->suspended_state = runtime->status->state;
+	runtime->status->state = SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED;
+	wake_up(&runtime->sleep);
+	wake_up(&runtime->tsleep);
+}
+
+static struct action_ops snd_pcm_action_suspend = {
+	.pre_action = snd_pcm_pre_suspend,
+	.do_action = snd_pcm_do_suspend,
+	.post_action = snd_pcm_post_suspend
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_suspend - trigger SUSPEND to all linked streams
+ * @substream: the PCM substream
+ *
+ * After this call, all streams are changed to SUSPENDED state.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_suspend(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	int err;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (! substream)
+		return 0;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
+	err = snd_pcm_action(&snd_pcm_action_suspend, substream, 0);
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irqrestore(substream, flags);
+	return err;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_suspend);
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_suspend_all - trigger SUSPEND to all substreams in the given pcm
+ * @pcm: the PCM instance
+ *
+ * After this call, all streams are changed to SUSPENDED state.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_suspend_all(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	int stream, err = 0;
+
+	if (! pcm)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (stream = 0; stream < 2; stream++) {
+		for (substream = pcm->streams[stream].substream;
+		     substream; substream = substream->next) {
+			/* FIXME: the open/close code should lock this as well */
+			if (substream->runtime == NULL)
+				continue;
+			err = snd_pcm_suspend(substream);
+			if (err < 0 && err != -EBUSY)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_suspend_all);
+
+/* resume */
+
+static int snd_pcm_pre_resume(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (!(runtime->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME))
+		return -ENOSYS;
+	runtime->trigger_master = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_do_resume(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->trigger_master != substream)
+		return 0;
+	/* DMA not running previously? */
+	if (runtime->status->suspended_state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING &&
+	    (runtime->status->suspended_state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING ||
+	     substream->stream != SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK))
+		return 0;
+	return substream->ops->trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME);
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_undo_resume(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	if (substream->runtime->trigger_master == substream &&
+	    snd_pcm_running(substream))
+		substream->ops->trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND);
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_post_resume(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_trigger_tstamp(substream);
+	if (substream->timer)
+		snd_timer_notify(substream->timer, SNDRV_TIMER_EVENT_MRESUME,
+				 &runtime->trigger_tstamp);
+	runtime->status->state = runtime->status->suspended_state;
+}
+
+static struct action_ops snd_pcm_action_resume = {
+	.pre_action = snd_pcm_pre_resume,
+	.do_action = snd_pcm_do_resume,
+	.undo_action = snd_pcm_undo_resume,
+	.post_action = snd_pcm_post_resume
+};
+
+static int snd_pcm_resume(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = substream->pcm->card;
+	int res;
+
+	snd_power_lock(card);
+	if ((res = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0)) >= 0)
+		res = snd_pcm_action_lock_irq(&snd_pcm_action_resume, substream, 0);
+	snd_power_unlock(card);
+	return res;
+}
+
+#else
+
+static int snd_pcm_resume(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return -ENOSYS;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
+
+/*
+ * xrun ioctl
+ *
+ * Change the RUNNING stream(s) to XRUN state.
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_xrun(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = substream->pcm->card;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int result;
+
+	snd_power_lock(card);
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED) {
+		result = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+		if (result < 0)
+			goto _unlock;
+	}
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		result = 0;	/* already there */
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+		result = snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
+		break;
+	default:
+		result = -EBADFD;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+ _unlock:
+	snd_power_unlock(card);
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * reset ioctl
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_pre_reset(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		return -EBADFD;
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_do_reset(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err = substream->ops->ioctl(substream, SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_RESET, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	runtime->hw_ptr_base = 0;
+	runtime->hw_ptr_interrupt = runtime->status->hw_ptr -
+		runtime->status->hw_ptr % runtime->period_size;
+	runtime->silence_start = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
+	runtime->silence_filled = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_post_reset(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	runtime->control->appl_ptr = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
+	    runtime->silence_size > 0)
+		snd_pcm_playback_silence(substream, ULONG_MAX);
+}
+
+static struct action_ops snd_pcm_action_reset = {
+	.pre_action = snd_pcm_pre_reset,
+	.do_action = snd_pcm_do_reset,
+	.post_action = snd_pcm_post_reset
+};
+
+static int snd_pcm_reset(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_action_nonatomic(&snd_pcm_action_reset, substream, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * prepare ioctl
+ */
+/* we use the second argument for updating f_flags */
+static int snd_pcm_pre_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			       int f_flags)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN ||
+	    runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DISCONNECTED)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	if (snd_pcm_running(substream))
+		return -EBUSY;
+	substream->f_flags = f_flags;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_do_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	int err;
+	err = substream->ops->prepare(substream);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return snd_pcm_do_reset(substream, 0);
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_post_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	runtime->control->appl_ptr = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
+	snd_pcm_set_state(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED);
+}
+
+static struct action_ops snd_pcm_action_prepare = {
+	.pre_action = snd_pcm_pre_prepare,
+	.do_action = snd_pcm_do_prepare,
+	.post_action = snd_pcm_post_prepare
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_prepare - prepare the PCM substream to be triggerable
+ * @substream: the PCM substream instance
+ * @file: file to refer f_flags
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			   struct file *file)
+{
+	int res;
+	struct snd_card *card = substream->pcm->card;
+	int f_flags;
+
+	if (file)
+		f_flags = file->f_flags;
+	else
+		f_flags = substream->f_flags;
+
+	snd_power_lock(card);
+	if ((res = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0)) >= 0)
+		res = snd_pcm_action_nonatomic(&snd_pcm_action_prepare,
+					       substream, f_flags);
+	snd_power_unlock(card);
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ * drain ioctl
+ */
+
+static int snd_pcm_pre_drain_init(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	substream->runtime->trigger_master = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_do_drain_init(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		switch (runtime->status->state) {
+		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+			/* start playback stream if possible */
+			if (! snd_pcm_playback_empty(substream)) {
+				snd_pcm_do_start(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING);
+				snd_pcm_post_start(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING);
+			}
+			break;
+		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+			runtime->status->state = SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING;
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* stop running stream */
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING) {
+			int new_state = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime) > 0 ?
+				SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING : SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP;
+			snd_pcm_do_stop(substream, new_state);
+			snd_pcm_post_stop(substream, new_state);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_post_drain_init(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+{
+}
+
+static struct action_ops snd_pcm_action_drain_init = {
+	.pre_action = snd_pcm_pre_drain_init,
+	.do_action = snd_pcm_do_drain_init,
+	.post_action = snd_pcm_post_drain_init
+};
+
+static int snd_pcm_drop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
+
+/*
+ * Drain the stream(s).
+ * When the substream is linked, sync until the draining of all playback streams
+ * is finished.
+ * After this call, all streams are supposed to be either SETUP or DRAINING
+ * (capture only) state.
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_drain(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			 struct file *file)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *s;
+	wait_queue_t wait;
+	int result = 0;
+	int nonblock = 0;
+
+	card = substream->pcm->card;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+
+	snd_power_lock(card);
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED) {
+		result = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+		if (result < 0) {
+			snd_power_unlock(card);
+			return result;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (file) {
+		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
+			nonblock = 1;
+	} else if (substream->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
+		nonblock = 1;
+
+	down_read(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	/* resume pause */
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED)
+		snd_pcm_pause(substream, 0);
+
+	/* pre-start/stop - all running streams are changed to DRAINING state */
+	result = snd_pcm_action(&snd_pcm_action_drain_init, substream, 0);
+	if (result < 0)
+		goto unlock;
+	/* in non-blocking, we don't wait in ioctl but let caller poll */
+	if (nonblock) {
+		result = -EAGAIN;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+
+	for (;;) {
+		long tout;
+		struct snd_pcm_runtime *to_check;
+		if (signal_pending(current)) {
+			result = -ERESTARTSYS;
+			break;
+		}
+		/* find a substream to drain */
+		to_check = NULL;
+		snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+			if (s->stream != SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+				continue;
+			runtime = s->runtime;
+			if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING) {
+				to_check = runtime;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!to_check)
+			break; /* all drained */
+		init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+		add_wait_queue(&to_check->sleep, &wait);
+		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+		up_read(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+		snd_power_unlock(card);
+		if (runtime->no_period_wakeup)
+			tout = MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT;
+		else {
+			tout = 10;
+			if (runtime->rate) {
+				long t = runtime->period_size * 2 / runtime->rate;
+				tout = max(t, tout);
+			}
+			tout = msecs_to_jiffies(tout * 1000);
+		}
+		tout = schedule_timeout_interruptible(tout);
+		snd_power_lock(card);
+		down_read(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+		remove_wait_queue(&to_check->sleep, &wait);
+		if (card->shutdown) {
+			result = -ENODEV;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (tout == 0) {
+			if (substream->runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED)
+				result = -ESTRPIPE;
+			else {
+				snd_printd("playback drain error (DMA or IRQ trouble?)\n");
+				snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP);
+				result = -EIO;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+ unlock:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	up_read(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+	snd_power_unlock(card);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * drop ioctl
+ *
+ * Immediately put all linked substreams into SETUP state.
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_drop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	int result = 0;
+	
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN ||
+	    runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DISCONNECTED ||
+	    runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED)
+		return -EBADFD;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	/* resume pause */
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED)
+		snd_pcm_pause(substream, 0);
+
+	snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP);
+	/* runtime->control->appl_ptr = runtime->status->hw_ptr; */
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+
+/* WARNING: Don't forget to fput back the file */
+static struct file *snd_pcm_file_fd(int fd)
+{
+	struct file *file;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	unsigned int minor;
+
+	file = fget(fd);
+	if (!file)
+		return NULL;
+	inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
+	if (!S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) ||
+	    imajor(inode) != snd_major) {
+		fput(file);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	minor = iminor(inode);
+	if (!snd_lookup_minor_data(minor, SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_PCM_PLAYBACK) &&
+	    !snd_lookup_minor_data(minor, SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_PCM_CAPTURE)) {
+		fput(file);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return file;
+}
+
+/*
+ * PCM link handling
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_link(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int fd)
+{
+	int res = 0;
+	struct file *file;
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream1;
+	struct snd_pcm_group *group;
+
+	file = snd_pcm_file_fd(fd);
+	if (!file)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+	substream1 = pcm_file->substream;
+	group = kmalloc(sizeof(*group), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!group) {
+		res = -ENOMEM;
+		goto _nolock;
+	}
+	down_write(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+	write_lock_irq(&snd_pcm_link_rwlock);
+	if (substream->runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN ||
+	    substream->runtime->status->state != substream1->runtime->status->state) {
+		res = -EBADFD;
+		goto _end;
+	}
+	if (snd_pcm_stream_linked(substream1)) {
+		res = -EALREADY;
+		goto _end;
+	}
+	if (!snd_pcm_stream_linked(substream)) {
+		substream->group = group;
+		spin_lock_init(&substream->group->lock);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&substream->group->substreams);
+		list_add_tail(&substream->link_list, &substream->group->substreams);
+		substream->group->count = 1;
+	}
+	list_add_tail(&substream1->link_list, &substream->group->substreams);
+	substream->group->count++;
+	substream1->group = substream->group;
+ _end:
+	write_unlock_irq(&snd_pcm_link_rwlock);
+	up_write(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+ _nolock:
+	snd_card_unref(substream1->pcm->card);
+	fput(file);
+	if (res < 0)
+		kfree(group);
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void relink_to_local(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	substream->group = &substream->self_group;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&substream->self_group.substreams);
+	list_add_tail(&substream->link_list, &substream->self_group.substreams);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_unlink(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *s;
+	int res = 0;
+
+	down_write(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+	write_lock_irq(&snd_pcm_link_rwlock);
+	if (!snd_pcm_stream_linked(substream)) {
+		res = -EALREADY;
+		goto _end;
+	}
+	list_del(&substream->link_list);
+	substream->group->count--;
+	if (substream->group->count == 1) {	/* detach the last stream, too */
+		snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+			relink_to_local(s);
+			break;
+		}
+		kfree(substream->group);
+	}
+	relink_to_local(substream);
+       _end:
+	write_unlock_irq(&snd_pcm_link_rwlock);
+	up_write(&snd_pcm_link_rwsem);
+	return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ * hw configurator
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_mul(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+			       struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval t;
+	snd_interval_mul(hw_param_interval_c(params, rule->deps[0]),
+		     hw_param_interval_c(params, rule->deps[1]), &t);
+	return snd_interval_refine(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), &t);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_div(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+			       struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval t;
+	snd_interval_div(hw_param_interval_c(params, rule->deps[0]),
+		     hw_param_interval_c(params, rule->deps[1]), &t);
+	return snd_interval_refine(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), &t);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_muldivk(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				   struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval t;
+	snd_interval_muldivk(hw_param_interval_c(params, rule->deps[0]),
+			 hw_param_interval_c(params, rule->deps[1]),
+			 (unsigned long) rule->private, &t);
+	return snd_interval_refine(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), &t);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				   struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval t;
+	snd_interval_mulkdiv(hw_param_interval_c(params, rule->deps[0]),
+			 (unsigned long) rule->private,
+			 hw_param_interval_c(params, rule->deps[1]), &t);
+	return snd_interval_refine(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), &t);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_format(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				  struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	unsigned int k;
+	struct snd_interval *i = hw_param_interval(params, rule->deps[0]);
+	struct snd_mask m;
+	struct snd_mask *mask = hw_param_mask(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT);
+	snd_mask_any(&m);
+	for (k = 0; k <= SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST; ++k) {
+		int bits;
+		if (! snd_mask_test(mask, k))
+			continue;
+		bits = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(k);
+		if (bits <= 0)
+			continue; /* ignore invalid formats */
+		if ((unsigned)bits < i->min || (unsigned)bits > i->max)
+			snd_mask_reset(&m, k);
+	}
+	return snd_mask_refine(mask, &m);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_sample_bits(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				       struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval t;
+	unsigned int k;
+	t.min = UINT_MAX;
+	t.max = 0;
+	t.openmin = 0;
+	t.openmax = 0;
+	for (k = 0; k <= SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST; ++k) {
+		int bits;
+		if (! snd_mask_test(hw_param_mask(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT), k))
+			continue;
+		bits = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(k);
+		if (bits <= 0)
+			continue; /* ignore invalid formats */
+		if (t.min > (unsigned)bits)
+			t.min = bits;
+		if (t.max < (unsigned)bits)
+			t.max = bits;
+	}
+	t.integer = 1;
+	return snd_interval_refine(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), &t);
+}
+
+#if SNDRV_PCM_RATE_5512 != 1 << 0 || SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000 != 1 << 12
+#error "Change this table"
+#endif
+
+static unsigned int rates[] = { 5512, 8000, 11025, 16000, 22050, 32000, 44100,
+                                 48000, 64000, 88200, 96000, 176400, 192000 };
+
+const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list snd_pcm_known_rates = {
+	.count = ARRAY_SIZE(rates),
+	.list = rates,
+};
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_rate(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw = rule->private;
+	return snd_interval_list(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var),
+				 snd_pcm_known_rates.count,
+				 snd_pcm_known_rates.list, hw->rates);
+}		
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_buffer_bytes_max(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					    struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval t;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream = rule->private;
+	t.min = 0;
+	t.max = substream->buffer_bytes_max;
+	t.openmin = 0;
+	t.openmax = 0;
+	t.integer = 1;
+	return snd_interval_refine(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), &t);
+}		
+
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraints_init(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraints *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
+	int k, err;
+
+	for (k = SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_MASK; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_MASK; k++) {
+		snd_mask_any(constrs_mask(constrs, k));
+	}
+
+	for (k = SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_INTERVAL; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_INTERVAL; k++) {
+		snd_interval_any(constrs_interval(constrs, k));
+	}
+
+	snd_interval_setinteger(constrs_interval(constrs, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS));
+	snd_interval_setinteger(constrs_interval(constrs, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE));
+	snd_interval_setinteger(constrs_interval(constrs, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES));
+	snd_interval_setinteger(constrs_interval(constrs, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS));
+	snd_interval_setinteger(constrs_interval(constrs, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS));
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
+				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_format, NULL,
+				   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_sample_bits, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, 
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_div, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mul, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv, (void*) 8,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv, (void*) 8,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_div, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv, (void*) 1000000,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv, (void*) 1000000,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_TIME, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_div, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_div, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv, (void*) 8,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_muldivk, (void*) 1000000,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mul, NULL,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv, (void*) 8,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_muldivk, (void*) 1000000,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_TIME, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_muldivk, (void*) 8,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_muldivk, (void*) 8,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FRAME_BITS, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv, (void*) 1000000,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_TIME, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_mulkdiv, (void*) 1000000,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_pcm_hw_constraints_complete(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw = &runtime->hw;
+	int err;
+	unsigned int mask = 0;
+
+        if (hw->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED)
+		mask |= 1 << SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED;
+        if (hw->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVED)
+		mask |= 1 << SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED;
+	if (hw->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP) {
+		if (hw->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED)
+			mask |= 1 << SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED;
+		if (hw->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVED)
+			mask |= 1 << SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_NONINTERLEAVED;
+		if (hw->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_COMPLEX)
+			mask |= 1 << SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_COMPLEX;
+	}
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS, mask);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask64(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, hw->formats);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT, 1 << SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+					   hw->channels_min, hw->channels_max);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+					   hw->rate_min, hw->rate_max);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES,
+					   hw->period_bytes_min, hw->period_bytes_max);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS,
+					   hw->periods_min, hw->periods_max);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES,
+					   hw->period_bytes_min, hw->buffer_bytes_max);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, 
+				  snd_pcm_hw_rule_buffer_bytes_max, substream,
+				  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* FIXME: remove */
+	if (runtime->dma_bytes) {
+		err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, 0, runtime->dma_bytes);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (!(hw->rates & (SNDRV_PCM_RATE_KNOT | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS))) {
+		err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, 
+					  snd_pcm_hw_rule_rate, hw,
+					  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* FIXME: this belong to lowlevel */
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_SIZE);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void pcm_release_private(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_pcm_unlink(substream);
+}
+
+void snd_pcm_release_substream(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	substream->ref_count--;
+	if (substream->ref_count > 0)
+		return;
+
+	snd_pcm_drop(substream);
+	if (substream->hw_opened) {
+		if (substream->ops->hw_free != NULL)
+			substream->ops->hw_free(substream);
+		substream->ops->close(substream);
+		substream->hw_opened = 0;
+	}
+	if (pm_qos_request_active(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req))
+		pm_qos_remove_request(&substream->latency_pm_qos_req);
+	if (substream->pcm_release) {
+		substream->pcm_release(substream);
+		substream->pcm_release = NULL;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_detach_substream(substream);
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_release_substream);
+
+int snd_pcm_open_substream(struct snd_pcm *pcm, int stream,
+			   struct file *file,
+			   struct snd_pcm_substream **rsubstream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_attach_substream(pcm, stream, file, &substream);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (substream->ref_count > 1) {
+		*rsubstream = substream;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraints_init(substream);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printd("snd_pcm_hw_constraints_init failed\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	if ((err = substream->ops->open(substream)) < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	substream->hw_opened = 1;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraints_complete(substream);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_printd("snd_pcm_hw_constraints_complete failed\n");
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	*rsubstream = substream;
+	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	snd_pcm_release_substream(substream);
+	return err;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_open_substream);
+
+static int snd_pcm_open_file(struct file *file,
+			     struct snd_pcm *pcm,
+			     int stream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_open_substream(pcm, stream, file, &substream);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	pcm_file = kzalloc(sizeof(*pcm_file), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (pcm_file == NULL) {
+		snd_pcm_release_substream(substream);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	pcm_file->substream = substream;
+	if (substream->ref_count == 1) {
+		substream->file = pcm_file;
+		substream->pcm_release = pcm_release_private;
+	}
+	file->private_data = pcm_file;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_playback_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err = nonseekable_open(inode, file);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcm = snd_lookup_minor_data(iminor(inode),
+				    SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_PCM_PLAYBACK);
+	err = snd_pcm_open(file, pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK);
+	if (pcm)
+		snd_card_unref(pcm->card);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_capture_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err = nonseekable_open(inode, file);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcm = snd_lookup_minor_data(iminor(inode),
+				    SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_PCM_CAPTURE);
+	err = snd_pcm_open(file, pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE);
+	if (pcm)
+		snd_card_unref(pcm->card);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_open(struct file *file, struct snd_pcm *pcm, int stream)
+{
+	int err;
+	wait_queue_t wait;
+
+	if (pcm == NULL) {
+		err = -ENODEV;
+		goto __error1;
+	}
+	err = snd_card_file_add(pcm->card, file);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto __error1;
+	if (!try_module_get(pcm->card->module)) {
+		err = -EFAULT;
+		goto __error2;
+	}
+	init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+	add_wait_queue(&pcm->open_wait, &wait);
+	mutex_lock(&pcm->open_mutex);
+	while (1) {
+		err = snd_pcm_open_file(file, pcm, stream);
+		if (err >= 0)
+			break;
+		if (err == -EAGAIN) {
+			if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
+				err = -EBUSY;
+				break;
+			}
+		} else
+			break;
+		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+		mutex_unlock(&pcm->open_mutex);
+		schedule();
+		mutex_lock(&pcm->open_mutex);
+		if (pcm->card->shutdown) {
+			err = -ENODEV;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (signal_pending(current)) {
+			err = -ERESTARTSYS;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	remove_wait_queue(&pcm->open_wait, &wait);
+	mutex_unlock(&pcm->open_mutex);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto __error;
+	return err;
+
+      __error:
+	module_put(pcm->card->module);
+      __error2:
+      	snd_card_file_remove(pcm->card, file);
+      __error1:
+      	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	pcm = substream->pcm;
+	mutex_lock(&pcm->open_mutex);
+	snd_pcm_release_substream(substream);
+	kfree(pcm_file);
+	mutex_unlock(&pcm->open_mutex);
+	wake_up(&pcm->open_wait);
+	module_put(pcm->card->module);
+	snd_card_file_remove(pcm->card, file);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_playback_rewind(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+						 snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t appl_ptr;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t ret;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t hw_avail;
+
+	if (frames == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+		if (snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream) >= 0)
+			break;
+		/* Fall through */
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		ret = -EPIPE;
+		goto __end;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		ret = -ESTRPIPE;
+		goto __end;
+	default:
+		ret = -EBADFD;
+		goto __end;
+	}
+
+	hw_avail = snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime);
+	if (hw_avail <= 0) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto __end;
+	}
+	if (frames > (snd_pcm_uframes_t)hw_avail)
+		frames = hw_avail;
+	appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr - frames;
+	if (appl_ptr < 0)
+		appl_ptr += runtime->boundary;
+	runtime->control->appl_ptr = appl_ptr;
+	ret = frames;
+ __end:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_capture_rewind(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+						snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t appl_ptr;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t ret;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t hw_avail;
+
+	if (frames == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+		if (snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream) >= 0)
+			break;
+		/* Fall through */
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		ret = -EPIPE;
+		goto __end;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		ret = -ESTRPIPE;
+		goto __end;
+	default:
+		ret = -EBADFD;
+		goto __end;
+	}
+
+	hw_avail = snd_pcm_capture_hw_avail(runtime);
+	if (hw_avail <= 0) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto __end;
+	}
+	if (frames > (snd_pcm_uframes_t)hw_avail)
+		frames = hw_avail;
+	appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr - frames;
+	if (appl_ptr < 0)
+		appl_ptr += runtime->boundary;
+	runtime->control->appl_ptr = appl_ptr;
+	ret = frames;
+ __end:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_playback_forward(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+						  snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t appl_ptr;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t ret;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t avail;
+
+	if (frames == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+		if (snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream) >= 0)
+			break;
+		/* Fall through */
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		ret = -EPIPE;
+		goto __end;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		ret = -ESTRPIPE;
+		goto __end;
+	default:
+		ret = -EBADFD;
+		goto __end;
+	}
+
+	avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
+	if (avail <= 0) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto __end;
+	}
+	if (frames > (snd_pcm_uframes_t)avail)
+		frames = avail;
+	appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr + frames;
+	if (appl_ptr >= (snd_pcm_sframes_t)runtime->boundary)
+		appl_ptr -= runtime->boundary;
+	runtime->control->appl_ptr = appl_ptr;
+	ret = frames;
+ __end:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_capture_forward(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+						 snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t appl_ptr;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t ret;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t avail;
+
+	if (frames == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+		if (snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream) >= 0)
+			break;
+		/* Fall through */
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		ret = -EPIPE;
+		goto __end;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		ret = -ESTRPIPE;
+		goto __end;
+	default:
+		ret = -EBADFD;
+		goto __end;
+	}
+
+	avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
+	if (avail <= 0) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto __end;
+	}
+	if (frames > (snd_pcm_uframes_t)avail)
+		frames = avail;
+	appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr + frames;
+	if (appl_ptr >= (snd_pcm_sframes_t)runtime->boundary)
+		appl_ptr -= runtime->boundary;
+	runtime->control->appl_ptr = appl_ptr;
+	ret = frames;
+ __end:
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hwsync(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+		if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE)
+			goto __badfd;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+		if ((err = snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream)) < 0)
+			break;
+		/* Fall through */
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		err = 0;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		err = -EPIPE;
+		break;
+	default:
+	      __badfd:
+		err = -EBADFD;
+		break;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return err;
+}
+		
+static int snd_pcm_delay(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			 snd_pcm_sframes_t __user *res)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t n = 0;
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+		if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE)
+			goto __badfd;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+		if ((err = snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream)) < 0)
+			break;
+		/* Fall through */
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
+		err = 0;
+		if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+			n = snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime);
+		else
+			n = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
+		n += runtime->delay;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
+		err = -EPIPE;
+		break;
+	default:
+	      __badfd:
+		err = -EBADFD;
+		break;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	if (!err)
+		if (put_user(n, res))
+			err = -EFAULT;
+	return err;
+}
+		
+static int snd_pcm_sync_ptr(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			    struct snd_pcm_sync_ptr __user *_sync_ptr)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_pcm_sync_ptr sync_ptr;
+	volatile struct snd_pcm_mmap_status *status;
+	volatile struct snd_pcm_mmap_control *control;
+	int err;
+
+	memset(&sync_ptr, 0, sizeof(sync_ptr));
+	if (get_user(sync_ptr.flags, (unsigned __user *)&(_sync_ptr->flags)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if (copy_from_user(&sync_ptr.c.control, &(_sync_ptr->c.control), sizeof(struct snd_pcm_mmap_control)))
+		return -EFAULT;	
+	status = runtime->status;
+	control = runtime->control;
+	if (sync_ptr.flags & SNDRV_PCM_SYNC_PTR_HWSYNC) {
+		err = snd_pcm_hwsync(substream);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	if (!(sync_ptr.flags & SNDRV_PCM_SYNC_PTR_APPL))
+		control->appl_ptr = sync_ptr.c.control.appl_ptr;
+	else
+		sync_ptr.c.control.appl_ptr = control->appl_ptr;
+	if (!(sync_ptr.flags & SNDRV_PCM_SYNC_PTR_AVAIL_MIN))
+		control->avail_min = sync_ptr.c.control.avail_min;
+	else
+		sync_ptr.c.control.avail_min = control->avail_min;
+	sync_ptr.s.status.state = status->state;
+	sync_ptr.s.status.hw_ptr = status->hw_ptr;
+	sync_ptr.s.status.tstamp = status->tstamp;
+	sync_ptr.s.status.suspended_state = status->suspended_state;
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	if (copy_to_user(_sync_ptr, &sync_ptr, sizeof(sync_ptr)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_tstamp(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int __user *_arg)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int arg;
+	
+	if (get_user(arg, _arg))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if (arg < 0 || arg > SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_TYPE_LAST)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	runtime->tstamp_type = SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_TYPE_GETTIMEOFDAY;
+	if (arg == SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_TYPE_MONOTONIC)
+		runtime->tstamp_type = SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_TYPE_MONOTONIC;
+	return 0;
+}
+		
+static int snd_pcm_common_ioctl1(struct file *file,
+				 struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				 unsigned int cmd, void __user *arg)
+{
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_PVERSION:
+		return put_user(SNDRV_PCM_VERSION, (int __user *)arg) ? -EFAULT : 0;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_INFO:
+		return snd_pcm_info_user(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_TSTAMP:	/* just for compatibility */
+		return 0;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_TTSTAMP:
+		return snd_pcm_tstamp(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_REFINE:
+		return snd_pcm_hw_refine_user(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_PARAMS:
+		return snd_pcm_hw_params_user(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_FREE:
+		return snd_pcm_hw_free(substream);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_SW_PARAMS:
+		return snd_pcm_sw_params_user(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_STATUS:
+		return snd_pcm_status_user(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_CHANNEL_INFO:
+		return snd_pcm_channel_info_user(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_PREPARE:
+		return snd_pcm_prepare(substream, file);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_RESET:
+		return snd_pcm_reset(substream);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_START:
+		return snd_pcm_action_lock_irq(&snd_pcm_action_start, substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_LINK:
+		return snd_pcm_link(substream, (int)(unsigned long) arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_UNLINK:
+		return snd_pcm_unlink(substream);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_RESUME:
+		return snd_pcm_resume(substream);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_XRUN:
+		return snd_pcm_xrun(substream);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HWSYNC:
+		return snd_pcm_hwsync(substream);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_DELAY:
+		return snd_pcm_delay(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_SYNC_PTR:
+		return snd_pcm_sync_ptr(substream, arg);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_SUPPORT_OLD_API
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_REFINE_OLD:
+		return snd_pcm_hw_refine_old_user(substream, arg);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_HW_PARAMS_OLD:
+		return snd_pcm_hw_params_old_user(substream, arg);
+#endif
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_DRAIN:
+		return snd_pcm_drain(substream, file);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_DROP:
+		return snd_pcm_drop(substream);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_PAUSE:
+	{
+		int res;
+		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+		res = snd_pcm_pause(substream, (int)(unsigned long)arg);
+		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+		return res;
+	}
+	}
+	snd_printd("unknown ioctl = 0x%x\n", cmd);
+	return -ENOTTY;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_playback_ioctl1(struct file *file,
+				   struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				   unsigned int cmd, void __user *arg)
+{
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(substream->stream != SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_WRITEI_FRAMES:
+	{
+		struct snd_xferi xferi;
+		struct snd_xferi __user *_xferi = arg;
+		struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+			return -EBADFD;
+		if (put_user(0, &_xferi->result))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (copy_from_user(&xferi, _xferi, sizeof(xferi)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		result = snd_pcm_lib_write(substream, xferi.buf, xferi.frames);
+		__put_user(result, &_xferi->result);
+		return result < 0 ? result : 0;
+	}
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_WRITEN_FRAMES:
+	{
+		struct snd_xfern xfern;
+		struct snd_xfern __user *_xfern = arg;
+		struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+		void __user **bufs;
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+			return -EBADFD;
+		if (runtime->channels > 128)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (put_user(0, &_xfern->result))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (copy_from_user(&xfern, _xfern, sizeof(xfern)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		bufs = memdup_user(xfern.bufs,
+				   sizeof(void *) * runtime->channels);
+		if (IS_ERR(bufs))
+			return PTR_ERR(bufs);
+		result = snd_pcm_lib_writev(substream, bufs, xfern.frames);
+		kfree(bufs);
+		__put_user(result, &_xfern->result);
+		return result < 0 ? result : 0;
+	}
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_REWIND:
+	{
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t frames;
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t __user *_frames = arg;
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+		if (get_user(frames, _frames))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (put_user(0, _frames))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		result = snd_pcm_playback_rewind(substream, frames);
+		__put_user(result, _frames);
+		return result < 0 ? result : 0;
+	}
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_FORWARD:
+	{
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t frames;
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t __user *_frames = arg;
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+		if (get_user(frames, _frames))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (put_user(0, _frames))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		result = snd_pcm_playback_forward(substream, frames);
+		__put_user(result, _frames);
+		return result < 0 ? result : 0;
+	}
+	}
+	return snd_pcm_common_ioctl1(file, substream, cmd, arg);
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_capture_ioctl1(struct file *file,
+				  struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				  unsigned int cmd, void __user *arg)
+{
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(substream->stream != SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_READI_FRAMES:
+	{
+		struct snd_xferi xferi;
+		struct snd_xferi __user *_xferi = arg;
+		struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+			return -EBADFD;
+		if (put_user(0, &_xferi->result))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (copy_from_user(&xferi, _xferi, sizeof(xferi)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		result = snd_pcm_lib_read(substream, xferi.buf, xferi.frames);
+		__put_user(result, &_xferi->result);
+		return result < 0 ? result : 0;
+	}
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_READN_FRAMES:
+	{
+		struct snd_xfern xfern;
+		struct snd_xfern __user *_xfern = arg;
+		struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+		void *bufs;
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+			return -EBADFD;
+		if (runtime->channels > 128)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (put_user(0, &_xfern->result))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (copy_from_user(&xfern, _xfern, sizeof(xfern)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		bufs = memdup_user(xfern.bufs,
+				   sizeof(void *) * runtime->channels);
+		if (IS_ERR(bufs))
+			return PTR_ERR(bufs);
+		result = snd_pcm_lib_readv(substream, bufs, xfern.frames);
+		kfree(bufs);
+		__put_user(result, &_xfern->result);
+		return result < 0 ? result : 0;
+	}
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_REWIND:
+	{
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t frames;
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t __user *_frames = arg;
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+		if (get_user(frames, _frames))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (put_user(0, _frames))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		result = snd_pcm_capture_rewind(substream, frames);
+		__put_user(result, _frames);
+		return result < 0 ? result : 0;
+	}
+	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_FORWARD:
+	{
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t frames;
+		snd_pcm_uframes_t __user *_frames = arg;
+		snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+		if (get_user(frames, _frames))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (put_user(0, _frames))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		result = snd_pcm_capture_forward(substream, frames);
+		__put_user(result, _frames);
+		return result < 0 ? result : 0;
+	}
+	}
+	return snd_pcm_common_ioctl1(file, substream, cmd, arg);
+}
+
+static long snd_pcm_playback_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
+				   unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+
+	if (((cmd >> 8) & 0xff) != 'A')
+		return -ENOTTY;
+
+	return snd_pcm_playback_ioctl1(file, pcm_file->substream, cmd,
+				       (void __user *)arg);
+}
+
+static long snd_pcm_capture_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
+				  unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+
+	if (((cmd >> 8) & 0xff) != 'A')
+		return -ENOTTY;
+
+	return snd_pcm_capture_ioctl1(file, pcm_file->substream, cmd,
+				      (void __user *)arg);
+}
+
+int snd_pcm_kernel_ioctl(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			 unsigned int cmd, void *arg)
+{
+	mm_segment_t fs;
+	int result;
+	
+	fs = snd_enter_user();
+	switch (substream->stream) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK:
+		result = snd_pcm_playback_ioctl1(NULL, substream, cmd,
+						 (void __user *)arg);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE:
+		result = snd_pcm_capture_ioctl1(NULL, substream, cmd,
+						(void __user *)arg);
+		break;
+	default:
+		result = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+	snd_leave_user(fs);
+	return result;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_kernel_ioctl);
+
+static ssize_t snd_pcm_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count,
+			    loff_t * offset)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	if (!frame_aligned(runtime, count))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	count = bytes_to_frames(runtime, count);
+	result = snd_pcm_lib_read(substream, buf, count);
+	if (result > 0)
+		result = frames_to_bytes(runtime, result);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static ssize_t snd_pcm_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
+			     size_t count, loff_t * offset)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	if (!frame_aligned(runtime, count))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	count = bytes_to_frames(runtime, count);
+	result = snd_pcm_lib_write(substream, buf, count);
+	if (result > 0)
+		result = frames_to_bytes(runtime, result);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static ssize_t snd_pcm_aio_read(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
+			     unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos)
+
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+	unsigned long i;
+	void __user **bufs;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t frames;
+
+	pcm_file = iocb->ki_filp->private_data;
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	if (nr_segs > 1024 || nr_segs != runtime->channels)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (!frame_aligned(runtime, iov->iov_len))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	frames = bytes_to_samples(runtime, iov->iov_len);
+	bufs = kmalloc(sizeof(void *) * nr_segs, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (bufs == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_segs; ++i)
+		bufs[i] = iov[i].iov_base;
+	result = snd_pcm_lib_readv(substream, bufs, frames);
+	if (result > 0)
+		result = frames_to_bytes(runtime, result);
+	kfree(bufs);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static ssize_t snd_pcm_aio_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
+			      unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	snd_pcm_sframes_t result;
+	unsigned long i;
+	void __user **bufs;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t frames;
+
+	pcm_file = iocb->ki_filp->private_data;
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	if (nr_segs > 128 || nr_segs != runtime->channels ||
+	    !frame_aligned(runtime, iov->iov_len))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	frames = bytes_to_samples(runtime, iov->iov_len);
+	bufs = kmalloc(sizeof(void *) * nr_segs, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (bufs == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_segs; ++i)
+		bufs[i] = iov[i].iov_base;
+	result = snd_pcm_lib_writev(substream, bufs, frames);
+	if (result > 0)
+		result = frames_to_bytes(runtime, result);
+	kfree(bufs);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static unsigned int snd_pcm_playback_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+        unsigned int mask;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t avail;
+
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	poll_wait(file, &runtime->sleep, wait);
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
+		if (avail >= runtime->control->avail_min) {
+			mask = POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM;
+			break;
+		}
+		/* Fall through */
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+		mask = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		mask = POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM | POLLERR;
+		break;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return mask;
+}
+
+static unsigned int snd_pcm_capture_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+        unsigned int mask;
+	snd_pcm_uframes_t avail;
+
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	poll_wait(file, &runtime->sleep, wait);
+
+	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
+	avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
+	switch (runtime->status->state) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
+		if (avail >= runtime->control->avail_min) {
+			mask = POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
+			break;
+		}
+		mask = 0;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
+		if (avail > 0) {
+			mask = POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
+			break;
+		}
+		/* Fall through */
+	default:
+		mask = POLLIN | POLLRDNORM | POLLERR;
+		break;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
+	return mask;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mmap support
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Only on coherent architectures, we can mmap the status and the control records
+ * for effcient data transfer.  On others, we have to use HWSYNC ioctl...
+ */
+#if defined(CONFIG_X86) || defined(CONFIG_PPC) || defined(CONFIG_ALPHA)
+/*
+ * mmap status record
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_mmap_status_fault(struct vm_area_struct *area,
+						struct vm_fault *vmf)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream = area->vm_private_data;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	
+	if (substream == NULL)
+		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	vmf->page = virt_to_page(runtime->status);
+	get_page(vmf->page);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct vm_operations_struct snd_pcm_vm_ops_status =
+{
+	.fault =	snd_pcm_mmap_status_fault,
+};
+
+static int snd_pcm_mmap_status(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct file *file,
+			       struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	long size;
+	if (!(area->vm_flags & VM_READ))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	size = area->vm_end - area->vm_start;
+	if (size != PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct snd_pcm_mmap_status)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	area->vm_ops = &snd_pcm_vm_ops_status;
+	area->vm_private_data = substream;
+	area->vm_flags |= VM_RESERVED;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mmap control record
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_mmap_control_fault(struct vm_area_struct *area,
+						struct vm_fault *vmf)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream = area->vm_private_data;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	
+	if (substream == NULL)
+		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	vmf->page = virt_to_page(runtime->control);
+	get_page(vmf->page);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct vm_operations_struct snd_pcm_vm_ops_control =
+{
+	.fault =	snd_pcm_mmap_control_fault,
+};
+
+static int snd_pcm_mmap_control(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct file *file,
+				struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	long size;
+	if (!(area->vm_flags & VM_READ))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	size = area->vm_end - area->vm_start;
+	if (size != PAGE_ALIGN(sizeof(struct snd_pcm_mmap_control)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	area->vm_ops = &snd_pcm_vm_ops_control;
+	area->vm_private_data = substream;
+	area->vm_flags |= VM_RESERVED;
+	return 0;
+}
+#else /* ! coherent mmap */
+/*
+ * don't support mmap for status and control records.
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_mmap_status(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct file *file,
+			       struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	return -ENXIO;
+}
+static int snd_pcm_mmap_control(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct file *file,
+				struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	return -ENXIO;
+}
+#endif /* coherent mmap */
+
+static inline struct page *
+snd_pcm_default_page_ops(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, unsigned long ofs)
+{
+	void *vaddr = substream->runtime->dma_area + ofs;
+#if defined(CONFIG_MIPS) && defined(CONFIG_DMA_NONCOHERENT)
+	if (substream->dma_buffer.dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV)
+		return virt_to_page(CAC_ADDR(vaddr));
+#endif
+#if defined(CONFIG_PPC32) && defined(CONFIG_NOT_COHERENT_CACHE)
+	if (substream->dma_buffer.dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV) {
+		dma_addr_t addr = substream->runtime->dma_addr + ofs;
+		addr -= get_dma_offset(substream->dma_buffer.dev.dev);
+		/* assume dma_handle set via pfn_to_phys() in
+		 * mm/dma-noncoherent.c
+		 */
+		return pfn_to_page(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+	}
+#endif
+	return virt_to_page(vaddr);
+}
+
+/*
+ * fault callback for mmapping a RAM page
+ */
+static int snd_pcm_mmap_data_fault(struct vm_area_struct *area,
+						struct vm_fault *vmf)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream = area->vm_private_data;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	unsigned long offset;
+	struct page * page;
+	size_t dma_bytes;
+	
+	if (substream == NULL)
+		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	offset = vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	dma_bytes = PAGE_ALIGN(runtime->dma_bytes);
+	if (offset > dma_bytes - PAGE_SIZE)
+		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+	if (substream->ops->page)
+		page = substream->ops->page(substream, offset);
+	else
+		page = snd_pcm_default_page_ops(substream, offset);
+	if (!page)
+		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
+	get_page(page);
+	vmf->page = page;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct vm_operations_struct snd_pcm_vm_ops_data = {
+	.open =		snd_pcm_mmap_data_open,
+	.close =	snd_pcm_mmap_data_close,
+};
+
+static const struct vm_operations_struct snd_pcm_vm_ops_data_fault = {
+	.open =		snd_pcm_mmap_data_open,
+	.close =	snd_pcm_mmap_data_close,
+	.fault =	snd_pcm_mmap_data_fault,
+};
+
+#ifndef ARCH_HAS_DMA_MMAP_COHERENT
+/* This should be defined / handled globally! */
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARM
+#define ARCH_HAS_DMA_MMAP_COHERENT
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * mmap the DMA buffer on RAM
+ */
+int snd_pcm_lib_default_mmap(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			     struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	area->vm_flags |= VM_RESERVED;
+#ifdef ARCH_HAS_DMA_MMAP_COHERENT
+	if (!substream->ops->page &&
+	    substream->dma_buffer.dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV)
+		return dma_mmap_coherent(substream->dma_buffer.dev.dev,
+					 area,
+					 substream->runtime->dma_area,
+					 substream->runtime->dma_addr,
+					 area->vm_end - area->vm_start);
+#elif defined(CONFIG_MIPS) && defined(CONFIG_DMA_NONCOHERENT)
+	if (substream->dma_buffer.dev.type == SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV &&
+	    !plat_device_is_coherent(substream->dma_buffer.dev.dev))
+		area->vm_page_prot = pgprot_noncached(area->vm_page_prot);
+#endif /* ARCH_HAS_DMA_MMAP_COHERENT */
+	/* mmap with fault handler */
+	area->vm_ops = &snd_pcm_vm_ops_data_fault;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_pcm_lib_default_mmap);
+
+/*
+ * mmap the DMA buffer on I/O memory area
+ */
+#if SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_IOMEM
+int snd_pcm_lib_mmap_iomem(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			   struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	long size;
+	unsigned long offset;
+
+	area->vm_page_prot = pgprot_noncached(area->vm_page_prot);
+	area->vm_flags |= VM_IO;
+	size = area->vm_end - area->vm_start;
+	offset = area->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	if (io_remap_pfn_range(area, area->vm_start,
+				(substream->runtime->dma_addr + offset) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+				size, area->vm_page_prot))
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_mmap_iomem);
+#endif /* SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP */
+
+/*
+ * mmap DMA buffer
+ */
+int snd_pcm_mmap_data(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct file *file,
+		      struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	long size;
+	unsigned long offset;
+	size_t dma_bytes;
+	int err;
+
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		if (!(area->vm_flags & (VM_WRITE|VM_READ)))
+			return -EINVAL;
+	} else {
+		if (!(area->vm_flags & VM_READ))
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
+		return -EBADFD;
+	if (!(runtime->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (runtime->access == SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED ||
+	    runtime->access == SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	size = area->vm_end - area->vm_start;
+	offset = area->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	dma_bytes = PAGE_ALIGN(runtime->dma_bytes);
+	if ((size_t)size > dma_bytes)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (offset > dma_bytes - size)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	area->vm_ops = &snd_pcm_vm_ops_data;
+	area->vm_private_data = substream;
+	if (substream->ops->mmap)
+		err = substream->ops->mmap(substream, area);
+	else
+		err = snd_pcm_lib_default_mmap(substream, area);
+	if (!err)
+		atomic_inc(&substream->mmap_count);
+	return err;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_mmap_data);
+
+static int snd_pcm_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *area)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file * pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;	
+	unsigned long offset;
+	
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	offset = area->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	switch (offset) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_MMAP_OFFSET_STATUS:
+		if (pcm_file->no_compat_mmap)
+			return -ENXIO;
+		return snd_pcm_mmap_status(substream, file, area);
+	case SNDRV_PCM_MMAP_OFFSET_CONTROL:
+		if (pcm_file->no_compat_mmap)
+			return -ENXIO;
+		return snd_pcm_mmap_control(substream, file, area);
+	default:
+		return snd_pcm_mmap_data(substream, file, area);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_fasync(int fd, struct file * file, int on)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file * pcm_file;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+
+	pcm_file = file->private_data;
+	substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	runtime = substream->runtime;
+	return fasync_helper(fd, file, on, &runtime->fasync);
+}
+
+/*
+ * ioctl32 compat
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+#include "pcm_compat.c"
+#else
+#define snd_pcm_ioctl_compat	NULL
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  To be removed helpers to keep binary compatibility
+ */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_SUPPORT_OLD_API
+#define __OLD_TO_NEW_MASK(x) ((x&7)|((x&0x07fffff8)<<5))
+#define __NEW_TO_OLD_MASK(x) ((x&7)|((x&0xffffff00)>>5))
+
+static void snd_pcm_hw_convert_from_old_params(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					       struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old *oparams)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	memset(params, 0, sizeof(*params));
+	params->flags = oparams->flags;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(oparams->masks); i++)
+		params->masks[i].bits[0] = oparams->masks[i];
+	memcpy(params->intervals, oparams->intervals, sizeof(oparams->intervals));
+	params->rmask = __OLD_TO_NEW_MASK(oparams->rmask);
+	params->cmask = __OLD_TO_NEW_MASK(oparams->cmask);
+	params->info = oparams->info;
+	params->msbits = oparams->msbits;
+	params->rate_num = oparams->rate_num;
+	params->rate_den = oparams->rate_den;
+	params->fifo_size = oparams->fifo_size;
+}
+
+static void snd_pcm_hw_convert_to_old_params(struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old *oparams,
+					     struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	memset(oparams, 0, sizeof(*oparams));
+	oparams->flags = params->flags;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(oparams->masks); i++)
+		oparams->masks[i] = params->masks[i].bits[0];
+	memcpy(oparams->intervals, params->intervals, sizeof(oparams->intervals));
+	oparams->rmask = __NEW_TO_OLD_MASK(params->rmask);
+	oparams->cmask = __NEW_TO_OLD_MASK(params->cmask);
+	oparams->info = params->info;
+	oparams->msbits = params->msbits;
+	oparams->rate_num = params->rate_num;
+	oparams->rate_den = params->rate_den;
+	oparams->fifo_size = params->fifo_size;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_refine_old_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				      struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old __user * _oparams)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params;
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old *oparams = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	params = kmalloc(sizeof(*params), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!params)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	oparams = memdup_user(_oparams, sizeof(*oparams));
+	if (IS_ERR(oparams)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(oparams);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_hw_convert_from_old_params(params, oparams);
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(substream, params);
+	snd_pcm_hw_convert_to_old_params(oparams, params);
+	if (copy_to_user(_oparams, oparams, sizeof(*oparams))) {
+		if (!err)
+			err = -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	kfree(oparams);
+out:
+	kfree(params);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_pcm_hw_params_old_user(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				      struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old __user * _oparams)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params;
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_params_old *oparams = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	params = kmalloc(sizeof(*params), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!params)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	oparams = memdup_user(_oparams, sizeof(*oparams));
+	if (IS_ERR(oparams)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(oparams);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_hw_convert_from_old_params(params, oparams);
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_params(substream, params);
+	snd_pcm_hw_convert_to_old_params(oparams, params);
+	if (copy_to_user(_oparams, oparams, sizeof(*oparams))) {
+		if (!err)
+			err = -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	kfree(oparams);
+out:
+	kfree(params);
+	return err;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_SND_SUPPORT_OLD_API */
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_MMU
+static unsigned long snd_pcm_get_unmapped_area(struct file *file,
+					       unsigned long addr,
+					       unsigned long len,
+					       unsigned long pgoff,
+					       unsigned long flags)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_file *pcm_file = file->private_data;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream = pcm_file->substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned long offset = pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	switch (offset) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_MMAP_OFFSET_STATUS:
+		return (unsigned long)runtime->status;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_MMAP_OFFSET_CONTROL:
+		return (unsigned long)runtime->control;
+	default:
+		return (unsigned long)runtime->dma_area + offset;
+	}
+}
+#else
+# define snd_pcm_get_unmapped_area NULL
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Register section
+ */
+
+const struct file_operations snd_pcm_f_ops[2] = {
+	{
+		.owner =		THIS_MODULE,
+		.write =		snd_pcm_write,
+		.aio_write =		snd_pcm_aio_write,
+		.open =			snd_pcm_playback_open,
+		.release =		snd_pcm_release,
+		.llseek =		no_llseek,
+		.poll =			snd_pcm_playback_poll,
+		.unlocked_ioctl =	snd_pcm_playback_ioctl,
+		.compat_ioctl = 	snd_pcm_ioctl_compat,
+		.mmap =			snd_pcm_mmap,
+		.fasync =		snd_pcm_fasync,
+		.get_unmapped_area =	snd_pcm_get_unmapped_area,
+	},
+	{
+		.owner =		THIS_MODULE,
+		.read =			snd_pcm_read,
+		.aio_read =		snd_pcm_aio_read,
+		.open =			snd_pcm_capture_open,
+		.release =		snd_pcm_release,
+		.llseek =		no_llseek,
+		.poll =			snd_pcm_capture_poll,
+		.unlocked_ioctl =	snd_pcm_capture_ioctl,
+		.compat_ioctl = 	snd_pcm_ioctl_compat,
+		.mmap =			snd_pcm_mmap,
+		.fasync =		snd_pcm_fasync,
+		.get_unmapped_area =	snd_pcm_get_unmapped_area,
+	}
+};