Moved, renamed, and deleted files

The original directory structure was scattered and unorganized.
Changes are basically to make it look like kernel structure.

1 files changed, 2541 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/ext3/namei.c b/fs/ext3/namei.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d7940b24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext3/namei.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2541 @@
+/*
+ *  linux/fs/ext3/namei.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  from
+ *
+ *  linux/fs/minix/namei.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
+ *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
+ *  Directory entry file type support and forward compatibility hooks
+ *	for B-tree directories by Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu), 1998
+ *  Hash Tree Directory indexing (c)
+ *	Daniel Phillips, 2001
+ *  Hash Tree Directory indexing porting
+ *	Christopher Li, 2002
+ *  Hash Tree Directory indexing cleanup
+ *	Theodore Ts'o, 2002
+ */
+
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include "ext3.h"
+#include "namei.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+
+/*
+ * define how far ahead to read directories while searching them.
+ */
+#define NAMEI_RA_CHUNKS  2
+#define NAMEI_RA_BLOCKS  4
+#define NAMEI_RA_SIZE        (NAMEI_RA_CHUNKS * NAMEI_RA_BLOCKS)
+#define NAMEI_RA_INDEX(c,b)  (((c) * NAMEI_RA_BLOCKS) + (b))
+
+static struct buffer_head *ext3_append(handle_t *handle,
+					struct inode *inode,
+					u32 *block, int *err)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+
+	*block = inode->i_size >> inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+
+	bh = ext3_bread(handle, inode, *block, 1, err);
+	if (bh) {
+		inode->i_size += inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+		EXT3_I(inode)->i_disksize = inode->i_size;
+		*err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
+		if (*err) {
+			brelse(bh);
+			bh = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	return bh;
+}
+
+#ifndef assert
+#define assert(test) J_ASSERT(test)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DX_DEBUG
+#define dxtrace(command) command
+#else
+#define dxtrace(command)
+#endif
+
+struct fake_dirent
+{
+	__le32 inode;
+	__le16 rec_len;
+	u8 name_len;
+	u8 file_type;
+};
+
+struct dx_countlimit
+{
+	__le16 limit;
+	__le16 count;
+};
+
+struct dx_entry
+{
+	__le32 hash;
+	__le32 block;
+};
+
+/*
+ * dx_root_info is laid out so that if it should somehow get overlaid by a
+ * dirent the two low bits of the hash version will be zero.  Therefore, the
+ * hash version mod 4 should never be 0.  Sincerely, the paranoia department.
+ */
+
+struct dx_root
+{
+	struct fake_dirent dot;
+	char dot_name[4];
+	struct fake_dirent dotdot;
+	char dotdot_name[4];
+	struct dx_root_info
+	{
+		__le32 reserved_zero;
+		u8 hash_version;
+		u8 info_length; /* 8 */
+		u8 indirect_levels;
+		u8 unused_flags;
+	}
+	info;
+	struct dx_entry	entries[0];
+};
+
+struct dx_node
+{
+	struct fake_dirent fake;
+	struct dx_entry	entries[0];
+};
+
+
+struct dx_frame
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	struct dx_entry *entries;
+	struct dx_entry *at;
+};
+
+struct dx_map_entry
+{
+	u32 hash;
+	u16 offs;
+	u16 size;
+};
+
+static inline unsigned dx_get_block (struct dx_entry *entry);
+static void dx_set_block (struct dx_entry *entry, unsigned value);
+static inline unsigned dx_get_hash (struct dx_entry *entry);
+static void dx_set_hash (struct dx_entry *entry, unsigned value);
+static unsigned dx_get_count (struct dx_entry *entries);
+static unsigned dx_get_limit (struct dx_entry *entries);
+static void dx_set_count (struct dx_entry *entries, unsigned value);
+static void dx_set_limit (struct dx_entry *entries, unsigned value);
+static unsigned dx_root_limit (struct inode *dir, unsigned infosize);
+static unsigned dx_node_limit (struct inode *dir);
+static struct dx_frame *dx_probe(struct qstr *entry,
+				 struct inode *dir,
+				 struct dx_hash_info *hinfo,
+				 struct dx_frame *frame,
+				 int *err);
+static void dx_release (struct dx_frame *frames);
+static int dx_make_map(struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de, unsigned blocksize,
+			struct dx_hash_info *hinfo, struct dx_map_entry map[]);
+static void dx_sort_map(struct dx_map_entry *map, unsigned count);
+static struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *dx_move_dirents (char *from, char *to,
+		struct dx_map_entry *offsets, int count);
+static struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *dx_pack_dirents(char *base, unsigned blocksize);
+static void dx_insert_block (struct dx_frame *frame, u32 hash, u32 block);
+static int ext3_htree_next_block(struct inode *dir, __u32 hash,
+				 struct dx_frame *frame,
+				 struct dx_frame *frames,
+				 __u32 *start_hash);
+static struct buffer_head * ext3_dx_find_entry(struct inode *dir,
+			struct qstr *entry, struct ext3_dir_entry_2 **res_dir,
+			int *err);
+static int ext3_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct dentry *dentry,
+			     struct inode *inode);
+
+/*
+ * p is at least 6 bytes before the end of page
+ */
+static inline struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *
+ext3_next_entry(struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *p)
+{
+	return (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *)((char *)p +
+		ext3_rec_len_from_disk(p->rec_len));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Future: use high four bits of block for coalesce-on-delete flags
+ * Mask them off for now.
+ */
+
+static inline unsigned dx_get_block (struct dx_entry *entry)
+{
+	return le32_to_cpu(entry->block) & 0x00ffffff;
+}
+
+static inline void dx_set_block (struct dx_entry *entry, unsigned value)
+{
+	entry->block = cpu_to_le32(value);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned dx_get_hash (struct dx_entry *entry)
+{
+	return le32_to_cpu(entry->hash);
+}
+
+static inline void dx_set_hash (struct dx_entry *entry, unsigned value)
+{
+	entry->hash = cpu_to_le32(value);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned dx_get_count (struct dx_entry *entries)
+{
+	return le16_to_cpu(((struct dx_countlimit *) entries)->count);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned dx_get_limit (struct dx_entry *entries)
+{
+	return le16_to_cpu(((struct dx_countlimit *) entries)->limit);
+}
+
+static inline void dx_set_count (struct dx_entry *entries, unsigned value)
+{
+	((struct dx_countlimit *) entries)->count = cpu_to_le16(value);
+}
+
+static inline void dx_set_limit (struct dx_entry *entries, unsigned value)
+{
+	((struct dx_countlimit *) entries)->limit = cpu_to_le16(value);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned dx_root_limit (struct inode *dir, unsigned infosize)
+{
+	unsigned entry_space = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize - EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(1) -
+		EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(2) - infosize;
+	return entry_space / sizeof(struct dx_entry);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned dx_node_limit (struct inode *dir)
+{
+	unsigned entry_space = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize - EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(0);
+	return entry_space / sizeof(struct dx_entry);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Debug
+ */
+#ifdef DX_DEBUG
+static void dx_show_index (char * label, struct dx_entry *entries)
+{
+        int i, n = dx_get_count (entries);
+        printk("%s index ", label);
+        for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+        {
+                printk("%x->%u ", i? dx_get_hash(entries + i): 0, dx_get_block(entries + i));
+        }
+        printk("\n");
+}
+
+struct stats
+{
+	unsigned names;
+	unsigned space;
+	unsigned bcount;
+};
+
+static struct stats dx_show_leaf(struct dx_hash_info *hinfo, struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de,
+				 int size, int show_names)
+{
+	unsigned names = 0, space = 0;
+	char *base = (char *) de;
+	struct dx_hash_info h = *hinfo;
+
+	printk("names: ");
+	while ((char *) de < base + size)
+	{
+		if (de->inode)
+		{
+			if (show_names)
+			{
+				int len = de->name_len;
+				char *name = de->name;
+				while (len--) printk("%c", *name++);
+				ext3fs_dirhash(de->name, de->name_len, &h);
+				printk(":%x.%u ", h.hash,
+				       (unsigned) ((char *) de - base));
+			}
+			space += EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
+			names++;
+		}
+		de = ext3_next_entry(de);
+	}
+	printk("(%i)\n", names);
+	return (struct stats) { names, space, 1 };
+}
+
+struct stats dx_show_entries(struct dx_hash_info *hinfo, struct inode *dir,
+			     struct dx_entry *entries, int levels)
+{
+	unsigned blocksize = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	unsigned count = dx_get_count (entries), names = 0, space = 0, i;
+	unsigned bcount = 0;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	int err;
+	printk("%i indexed blocks...\n", count);
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++, entries++)
+	{
+		u32 block = dx_get_block(entries), hash = i? dx_get_hash(entries): 0;
+		u32 range = i < count - 1? (dx_get_hash(entries + 1) - hash): ~hash;
+		struct stats stats;
+		printk("%s%3u:%03u hash %8x/%8x ",levels?"":"   ", i, block, hash, range);
+		if (!(bh = ext3_bread (NULL,dir, block, 0,&err))) continue;
+		stats = levels?
+		   dx_show_entries(hinfo, dir, ((struct dx_node *) bh->b_data)->entries, levels - 1):
+		   dx_show_leaf(hinfo, (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data, blocksize, 0);
+		names += stats.names;
+		space += stats.space;
+		bcount += stats.bcount;
+		brelse (bh);
+	}
+	if (bcount)
+		printk("%snames %u, fullness %u (%u%%)\n", levels?"":"   ",
+			names, space/bcount,(space/bcount)*100/blocksize);
+	return (struct stats) { names, space, bcount};
+}
+#endif /* DX_DEBUG */
+
+/*
+ * Probe for a directory leaf block to search.
+ *
+ * dx_probe can return ERR_BAD_DX_DIR, which means there was a format
+ * error in the directory index, and the caller should fall back to
+ * searching the directory normally.  The callers of dx_probe **MUST**
+ * check for this error code, and make sure it never gets reflected
+ * back to userspace.
+ */
+static struct dx_frame *
+dx_probe(struct qstr *entry, struct inode *dir,
+	 struct dx_hash_info *hinfo, struct dx_frame *frame_in, int *err)
+{
+	unsigned count, indirect;
+	struct dx_entry *at, *entries, *p, *q, *m;
+	struct dx_root *root;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	struct dx_frame *frame = frame_in;
+	u32 hash;
+
+	frame->bh = NULL;
+	if (!(bh = ext3_bread (NULL,dir, 0, 0, err)))
+		goto fail;
+	root = (struct dx_root *) bh->b_data;
+	if (root->info.hash_version != DX_HASH_TEA &&
+	    root->info.hash_version != DX_HASH_HALF_MD4 &&
+	    root->info.hash_version != DX_HASH_LEGACY) {
+		ext3_warning(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+			     "Unrecognised inode hash code %d",
+			     root->info.hash_version);
+		brelse(bh);
+		*err = ERR_BAD_DX_DIR;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	hinfo->hash_version = root->info.hash_version;
+	if (hinfo->hash_version <= DX_HASH_TEA)
+		hinfo->hash_version += EXT3_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_unsigned;
+	hinfo->seed = EXT3_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_seed;
+	if (entry)
+		ext3fs_dirhash(entry->name, entry->len, hinfo);
+	hash = hinfo->hash;
+
+	if (root->info.unused_flags & 1) {
+		ext3_warning(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+			     "Unimplemented inode hash flags: %#06x",
+			     root->info.unused_flags);
+		brelse(bh);
+		*err = ERR_BAD_DX_DIR;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	if ((indirect = root->info.indirect_levels) > 1) {
+		ext3_warning(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+			     "Unimplemented inode hash depth: %#06x",
+			     root->info.indirect_levels);
+		brelse(bh);
+		*err = ERR_BAD_DX_DIR;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	entries = (struct dx_entry *) (((char *)&root->info) +
+				       root->info.info_length);
+
+	if (dx_get_limit(entries) != dx_root_limit(dir,
+						   root->info.info_length)) {
+		ext3_warning(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+			     "dx entry: limit != root limit");
+		brelse(bh);
+		*err = ERR_BAD_DX_DIR;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	dxtrace (printk("Look up %x", hash));
+	while (1)
+	{
+		count = dx_get_count(entries);
+		if (!count || count > dx_get_limit(entries)) {
+			ext3_warning(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+				     "dx entry: no count or count > limit");
+			brelse(bh);
+			*err = ERR_BAD_DX_DIR;
+			goto fail2;
+		}
+
+		p = entries + 1;
+		q = entries + count - 1;
+		while (p <= q)
+		{
+			m = p + (q - p)/2;
+			dxtrace(printk("."));
+			if (dx_get_hash(m) > hash)
+				q = m - 1;
+			else
+				p = m + 1;
+		}
+
+		if (0) // linear search cross check
+		{
+			unsigned n = count - 1;
+			at = entries;
+			while (n--)
+			{
+				dxtrace(printk(","));
+				if (dx_get_hash(++at) > hash)
+				{
+					at--;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			assert (at == p - 1);
+		}
+
+		at = p - 1;
+		dxtrace(printk(" %x->%u\n", at == entries? 0: dx_get_hash(at), dx_get_block(at)));
+		frame->bh = bh;
+		frame->entries = entries;
+		frame->at = at;
+		if (!indirect--) return frame;
+		if (!(bh = ext3_bread (NULL,dir, dx_get_block(at), 0, err)))
+			goto fail2;
+		at = entries = ((struct dx_node *) bh->b_data)->entries;
+		if (dx_get_limit(entries) != dx_node_limit (dir)) {
+			ext3_warning(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+				     "dx entry: limit != node limit");
+			brelse(bh);
+			*err = ERR_BAD_DX_DIR;
+			goto fail2;
+		}
+		frame++;
+		frame->bh = NULL;
+	}
+fail2:
+	while (frame >= frame_in) {
+		brelse(frame->bh);
+		frame--;
+	}
+fail:
+	if (*err == ERR_BAD_DX_DIR)
+		ext3_warning(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+			     "Corrupt dir inode %ld, running e2fsck is "
+			     "recommended.", dir->i_ino);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void dx_release (struct dx_frame *frames)
+{
+	if (frames[0].bh == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	if (((struct dx_root *) frames[0].bh->b_data)->info.indirect_levels)
+		brelse(frames[1].bh);
+	brelse(frames[0].bh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function increments the frame pointer to search the next leaf
+ * block, and reads in the necessary intervening nodes if the search
+ * should be necessary.  Whether or not the search is necessary is
+ * controlled by the hash parameter.  If the hash value is even, then
+ * the search is only continued if the next block starts with that
+ * hash value.  This is used if we are searching for a specific file.
+ *
+ * If the hash value is HASH_NB_ALWAYS, then always go to the next block.
+ *
+ * This function returns 1 if the caller should continue to search,
+ * or 0 if it should not.  If there is an error reading one of the
+ * index blocks, it will a negative error code.
+ *
+ * If start_hash is non-null, it will be filled in with the starting
+ * hash of the next page.
+ */
+static int ext3_htree_next_block(struct inode *dir, __u32 hash,
+				 struct dx_frame *frame,
+				 struct dx_frame *frames,
+				 __u32 *start_hash)
+{
+	struct dx_frame *p;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	int err, num_frames = 0;
+	__u32 bhash;
+
+	p = frame;
+	/*
+	 * Find the next leaf page by incrementing the frame pointer.
+	 * If we run out of entries in the interior node, loop around and
+	 * increment pointer in the parent node.  When we break out of
+	 * this loop, num_frames indicates the number of interior
+	 * nodes need to be read.
+	 */
+	while (1) {
+		if (++(p->at) < p->entries + dx_get_count(p->entries))
+			break;
+		if (p == frames)
+			return 0;
+		num_frames++;
+		p--;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the hash is 1, then continue only if the next page has a
+	 * continuation hash of any value.  This is used for readdir
+	 * handling.  Otherwise, check to see if the hash matches the
+	 * desired contiuation hash.  If it doesn't, return since
+	 * there's no point to read in the successive index pages.
+	 */
+	bhash = dx_get_hash(p->at);
+	if (start_hash)
+		*start_hash = bhash;
+	if ((hash & 1) == 0) {
+		if ((bhash & ~1) != hash)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * If the hash is HASH_NB_ALWAYS, we always go to the next
+	 * block so no check is necessary
+	 */
+	while (num_frames--) {
+		if (!(bh = ext3_bread(NULL, dir, dx_get_block(p->at),
+				      0, &err)))
+			return err; /* Failure */
+		p++;
+		brelse (p->bh);
+		p->bh = bh;
+		p->at = p->entries = ((struct dx_node *) bh->b_data)->entries;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * This function fills a red-black tree with information from a
+ * directory block.  It returns the number directory entries loaded
+ * into the tree.  If there is an error it is returned in err.
+ */
+static int htree_dirblock_to_tree(struct file *dir_file,
+				  struct inode *dir, int block,
+				  struct dx_hash_info *hinfo,
+				  __u32 start_hash, __u32 start_minor_hash)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de, *top;
+	int err, count = 0;
+
+	dxtrace(printk("In htree dirblock_to_tree: block %d\n", block));
+	if (!(bh = ext3_bread (NULL, dir, block, 0, &err)))
+		return err;
+
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
+	top = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) ((char *) de +
+					   dir->i_sb->s_blocksize -
+					   EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(0));
+	for (; de < top; de = ext3_next_entry(de)) {
+		if (!ext3_check_dir_entry("htree_dirblock_to_tree", dir, de, bh,
+					(block<<EXT3_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(dir->i_sb))
+						+((char *)de - bh->b_data))) {
+			/* On error, skip the f_pos to the next block. */
+			dir_file->f_pos = (dir_file->f_pos |
+					(dir->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) + 1;
+			brelse (bh);
+			return count;
+		}
+		ext3fs_dirhash(de->name, de->name_len, hinfo);
+		if ((hinfo->hash < start_hash) ||
+		    ((hinfo->hash == start_hash) &&
+		     (hinfo->minor_hash < start_minor_hash)))
+			continue;
+		if (de->inode == 0)
+			continue;
+		if ((err = ext3_htree_store_dirent(dir_file,
+				   hinfo->hash, hinfo->minor_hash, de)) != 0) {
+			brelse(bh);
+			return err;
+		}
+		count++;
+	}
+	brelse(bh);
+	return count;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * This function fills a red-black tree with information from a
+ * directory.  We start scanning the directory in hash order, starting
+ * at start_hash and start_minor_hash.
+ *
+ * This function returns the number of entries inserted into the tree,
+ * or a negative error code.
+ */
+int ext3_htree_fill_tree(struct file *dir_file, __u32 start_hash,
+			 __u32 start_minor_hash, __u32 *next_hash)
+{
+	struct dx_hash_info hinfo;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de;
+	struct dx_frame frames[2], *frame;
+	struct inode *dir;
+	int block, err;
+	int count = 0;
+	int ret;
+	__u32 hashval;
+
+	dxtrace(printk("In htree_fill_tree, start hash: %x:%x\n", start_hash,
+		       start_minor_hash));
+	dir = dir_file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
+	if (!(EXT3_I(dir)->i_flags & EXT3_INDEX_FL)) {
+		hinfo.hash_version = EXT3_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_def_hash_version;
+		if (hinfo.hash_version <= DX_HASH_TEA)
+			hinfo.hash_version +=
+				EXT3_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_unsigned;
+		hinfo.seed = EXT3_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_seed;
+		count = htree_dirblock_to_tree(dir_file, dir, 0, &hinfo,
+					       start_hash, start_minor_hash);
+		*next_hash = ~0;
+		return count;
+	}
+	hinfo.hash = start_hash;
+	hinfo.minor_hash = 0;
+	frame = dx_probe(NULL, dir_file->f_path.dentry->d_inode, &hinfo, frames, &err);
+	if (!frame)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Add '.' and '..' from the htree header */
+	if (!start_hash && !start_minor_hash) {
+		de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) frames[0].bh->b_data;
+		if ((err = ext3_htree_store_dirent(dir_file, 0, 0, de)) != 0)
+			goto errout;
+		count++;
+	}
+	if (start_hash < 2 || (start_hash ==2 && start_minor_hash==0)) {
+		de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) frames[0].bh->b_data;
+		de = ext3_next_entry(de);
+		if ((err = ext3_htree_store_dirent(dir_file, 2, 0, de)) != 0)
+			goto errout;
+		count++;
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		block = dx_get_block(frame->at);
+		ret = htree_dirblock_to_tree(dir_file, dir, block, &hinfo,
+					     start_hash, start_minor_hash);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			err = ret;
+			goto errout;
+		}
+		count += ret;
+		hashval = ~0;
+		ret = ext3_htree_next_block(dir, HASH_NB_ALWAYS,
+					    frame, frames, &hashval);
+		*next_hash = hashval;
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			err = ret;
+			goto errout;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Stop if:  (a) there are no more entries, or
+		 * (b) we have inserted at least one entry and the
+		 * next hash value is not a continuation
+		 */
+		if ((ret == 0) ||
+		    (count && ((hashval & 1) == 0)))
+			break;
+	}
+	dx_release(frames);
+	dxtrace(printk("Fill tree: returned %d entries, next hash: %x\n",
+		       count, *next_hash));
+	return count;
+errout:
+	dx_release(frames);
+	return (err);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Directory block splitting, compacting
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Create map of hash values, offsets, and sizes, stored at end of block.
+ * Returns number of entries mapped.
+ */
+static int dx_make_map(struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de, unsigned blocksize,
+		struct dx_hash_info *hinfo, struct dx_map_entry *map_tail)
+{
+	int count = 0;
+	char *base = (char *) de;
+	struct dx_hash_info h = *hinfo;
+
+	while ((char *) de < base + blocksize)
+	{
+		if (de->name_len && de->inode) {
+			ext3fs_dirhash(de->name, de->name_len, &h);
+			map_tail--;
+			map_tail->hash = h.hash;
+			map_tail->offs = (u16) ((char *) de - base);
+			map_tail->size = le16_to_cpu(de->rec_len);
+			count++;
+			cond_resched();
+		}
+		/* XXX: do we need to check rec_len == 0 case? -Chris */
+		de = ext3_next_entry(de);
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
+/* Sort map by hash value */
+static void dx_sort_map (struct dx_map_entry *map, unsigned count)
+{
+        struct dx_map_entry *p, *q, *top = map + count - 1;
+        int more;
+        /* Combsort until bubble sort doesn't suck */
+        while (count > 2)
+	{
+                count = count*10/13;
+                if (count - 9 < 2) /* 9, 10 -> 11 */
+                        count = 11;
+                for (p = top, q = p - count; q >= map; p--, q--)
+                        if (p->hash < q->hash)
+                                swap(*p, *q);
+        }
+        /* Garden variety bubble sort */
+        do {
+                more = 0;
+                q = top;
+                while (q-- > map)
+		{
+                        if (q[1].hash >= q[0].hash)
+				continue;
+                        swap(*(q+1), *q);
+                        more = 1;
+		}
+	} while(more);
+}
+
+static void dx_insert_block(struct dx_frame *frame, u32 hash, u32 block)
+{
+	struct dx_entry *entries = frame->entries;
+	struct dx_entry *old = frame->at, *new = old + 1;
+	int count = dx_get_count(entries);
+
+	assert(count < dx_get_limit(entries));
+	assert(old < entries + count);
+	memmove(new + 1, new, (char *)(entries + count) - (char *)(new));
+	dx_set_hash(new, hash);
+	dx_set_block(new, block);
+	dx_set_count(entries, count + 1);
+}
+
+static void ext3_update_dx_flag(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	if (!EXT3_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(inode->i_sb,
+				     EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX))
+		EXT3_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~EXT3_INDEX_FL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * NOTE! unlike strncmp, ext3_match returns 1 for success, 0 for failure.
+ *
+ * `len <= EXT3_NAME_LEN' is guaranteed by caller.
+ * `de != NULL' is guaranteed by caller.
+ */
+static inline int ext3_match (int len, const char * const name,
+			      struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de)
+{
+	if (len != de->name_len)
+		return 0;
+	if (!de->inode)
+		return 0;
+	return !memcmp(name, de->name, len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 0 if not found, -1 on failure, and 1 on success
+ */
+static inline int search_dirblock(struct buffer_head * bh,
+				  struct inode *dir,
+				  struct qstr *child,
+				  unsigned long offset,
+				  struct ext3_dir_entry_2 ** res_dir)
+{
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de;
+	char * dlimit;
+	int de_len;
+	const char *name = child->name;
+	int namelen = child->len;
+
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
+	dlimit = bh->b_data + dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	while ((char *) de < dlimit) {
+		/* this code is executed quadratically often */
+		/* do minimal checking `by hand' */
+
+		if ((char *) de + namelen <= dlimit &&
+		    ext3_match (namelen, name, de)) {
+			/* found a match - just to be sure, do a full check */
+			if (!ext3_check_dir_entry("ext3_find_entry",
+						  dir, de, bh, offset))
+				return -1;
+			*res_dir = de;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		/* prevent looping on a bad block */
+		de_len = ext3_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len);
+		if (de_len <= 0)
+			return -1;
+		offset += de_len;
+		de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) ((char *) de + de_len);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *	ext3_find_entry()
+ *
+ * finds an entry in the specified directory with the wanted name. It
+ * returns the cache buffer in which the entry was found, and the entry
+ * itself (as a parameter - res_dir). It does NOT read the inode of the
+ * entry - you'll have to do that yourself if you want to.
+ *
+ * The returned buffer_head has ->b_count elevated.  The caller is expected
+ * to brelse() it when appropriate.
+ */
+static struct buffer_head *ext3_find_entry(struct inode *dir,
+					struct qstr *entry,
+					struct ext3_dir_entry_2 **res_dir)
+{
+	struct super_block * sb;
+	struct buffer_head * bh_use[NAMEI_RA_SIZE];
+	struct buffer_head * bh, *ret = NULL;
+	unsigned long start, block, b;
+	const u8 *name = entry->name;
+	int ra_max = 0;		/* Number of bh's in the readahead
+				   buffer, bh_use[] */
+	int ra_ptr = 0;		/* Current index into readahead
+				   buffer */
+	int num = 0;
+	int nblocks, i, err;
+	int namelen;
+
+	*res_dir = NULL;
+	sb = dir->i_sb;
+	namelen = entry->len;
+	if (namelen > EXT3_NAME_LEN)
+		return NULL;
+	if ((namelen <= 2) && (name[0] == '.') &&
+	    (name[1] == '.' || name[1] == 0)) {
+		/*
+		 * "." or ".." will only be in the first block
+		 * NFS may look up ".."; "." should be handled by the VFS
+		 */
+		block = start = 0;
+		nblocks = 1;
+		goto restart;
+	}
+	if (is_dx(dir)) {
+		bh = ext3_dx_find_entry(dir, entry, res_dir, &err);
+		/*
+		 * On success, or if the error was file not found,
+		 * return.  Otherwise, fall back to doing a search the
+		 * old fashioned way.
+		 */
+		if (bh || (err != ERR_BAD_DX_DIR))
+			return bh;
+		dxtrace(printk("ext3_find_entry: dx failed, falling back\n"));
+	}
+	nblocks = dir->i_size >> EXT3_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb);
+	start = EXT3_I(dir)->i_dir_start_lookup;
+	if (start >= nblocks)
+		start = 0;
+	block = start;
+restart:
+	do {
+		/*
+		 * We deal with the read-ahead logic here.
+		 */
+		if (ra_ptr >= ra_max) {
+			/* Refill the readahead buffer */
+			ra_ptr = 0;
+			b = block;
+			for (ra_max = 0; ra_max < NAMEI_RA_SIZE; ra_max++) {
+				/*
+				 * Terminate if we reach the end of the
+				 * directory and must wrap, or if our
+				 * search has finished at this block.
+				 */
+				if (b >= nblocks || (num && block == start)) {
+					bh_use[ra_max] = NULL;
+					break;
+				}
+				num++;
+				bh = ext3_getblk(NULL, dir, b++, 0, &err);
+				bh_use[ra_max] = bh;
+				if (bh && !bh_uptodate_or_lock(bh)) {
+					get_bh(bh);
+					bh->b_end_io = end_buffer_read_sync;
+					submit_bh(READ | REQ_META | REQ_PRIO,
+						  bh);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if ((bh = bh_use[ra_ptr++]) == NULL)
+			goto next;
+		wait_on_buffer(bh);
+		if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+			/* read error, skip block & hope for the best */
+			ext3_error(sb, __func__, "reading directory #%lu "
+				   "offset %lu", dir->i_ino, block);
+			brelse(bh);
+			goto next;
+		}
+		i = search_dirblock(bh, dir, entry,
+			    block << EXT3_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb), res_dir);
+		if (i == 1) {
+			EXT3_I(dir)->i_dir_start_lookup = block;
+			ret = bh;
+			goto cleanup_and_exit;
+		} else {
+			brelse(bh);
+			if (i < 0)
+				goto cleanup_and_exit;
+		}
+	next:
+		if (++block >= nblocks)
+			block = 0;
+	} while (block != start);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the directory has grown while we were searching, then
+	 * search the last part of the directory before giving up.
+	 */
+	block = nblocks;
+	nblocks = dir->i_size >> EXT3_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb);
+	if (block < nblocks) {
+		start = 0;
+		goto restart;
+	}
+
+cleanup_and_exit:
+	/* Clean up the read-ahead blocks */
+	for (; ra_ptr < ra_max; ra_ptr++)
+		brelse (bh_use[ra_ptr]);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct buffer_head * ext3_dx_find_entry(struct inode *dir,
+			struct qstr *entry, struct ext3_dir_entry_2 **res_dir,
+			int *err)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = dir->i_sb;
+	struct dx_hash_info	hinfo;
+	struct dx_frame frames[2], *frame;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	unsigned long block;
+	int retval;
+
+	if (!(frame = dx_probe(entry, dir, &hinfo, frames, err)))
+		return NULL;
+	do {
+		block = dx_get_block(frame->at);
+		if (!(bh = ext3_bread (NULL,dir, block, 0, err)))
+			goto errout;
+
+		retval = search_dirblock(bh, dir, entry,
+					 block << EXT3_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb),
+					 res_dir);
+		if (retval == 1) {
+			dx_release(frames);
+			return bh;
+		}
+		brelse(bh);
+		if (retval == -1) {
+			*err = ERR_BAD_DX_DIR;
+			goto errout;
+		}
+
+		/* Check to see if we should continue to search */
+		retval = ext3_htree_next_block(dir, hinfo.hash, frame,
+					       frames, NULL);
+		if (retval < 0) {
+			ext3_warning(sb, __func__,
+			     "error reading index page in directory #%lu",
+			     dir->i_ino);
+			*err = retval;
+			goto errout;
+		}
+	} while (retval == 1);
+
+	*err = -ENOENT;
+errout:
+	dxtrace(printk("%s not found\n", entry->name));
+	dx_release (frames);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ext3_lookup(struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	struct inode * inode;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de;
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+
+	if (dentry->d_name.len > EXT3_NAME_LEN)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
+
+	bh = ext3_find_entry(dir, &dentry->d_name, &de);
+	inode = NULL;
+	if (bh) {
+		unsigned long ino = le32_to_cpu(de->inode);
+		brelse (bh);
+		if (!ext3_valid_inum(dir->i_sb, ino)) {
+			ext3_error(dir->i_sb, "ext3_lookup",
+				   "bad inode number: %lu", ino);
+			return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+		}
+		inode = ext3_iget(dir->i_sb, ino);
+		if (inode == ERR_PTR(-ESTALE)) {
+			ext3_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+					"deleted inode referenced: %lu",
+					ino);
+			return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+		}
+	}
+	return d_splice_alias(inode, dentry);
+}
+
+
+struct dentry *ext3_get_parent(struct dentry *child)
+{
+	unsigned long ino;
+	struct qstr dotdot = {.name = "..", .len = 2};
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+
+	bh = ext3_find_entry(child->d_inode, &dotdot, &de);
+	if (!bh)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+	ino = le32_to_cpu(de->inode);
+	brelse(bh);
+
+	if (!ext3_valid_inum(child->d_inode->i_sb, ino)) {
+		ext3_error(child->d_inode->i_sb, "ext3_get_parent",
+			   "bad inode number: %lu", ino);
+		return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+	}
+
+	return d_obtain_alias(ext3_iget(child->d_inode->i_sb, ino));
+}
+
+#define S_SHIFT 12
+static unsigned char ext3_type_by_mode[S_IFMT >> S_SHIFT] = {
+	[S_IFREG >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT3_FT_REG_FILE,
+	[S_IFDIR >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT3_FT_DIR,
+	[S_IFCHR >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT3_FT_CHRDEV,
+	[S_IFBLK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT3_FT_BLKDEV,
+	[S_IFIFO >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT3_FT_FIFO,
+	[S_IFSOCK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT3_FT_SOCK,
+	[S_IFLNK >> S_SHIFT]	= EXT3_FT_SYMLINK,
+};
+
+static inline void ext3_set_de_type(struct super_block *sb,
+				struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de,
+				umode_t mode) {
+	if (EXT3_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
+		de->file_type = ext3_type_by_mode[(mode & S_IFMT)>>S_SHIFT];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Move count entries from end of map between two memory locations.
+ * Returns pointer to last entry moved.
+ */
+static struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *
+dx_move_dirents(char *from, char *to, struct dx_map_entry *map, int count)
+{
+	unsigned rec_len = 0;
+
+	while (count--) {
+		struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) (from + map->offs);
+		rec_len = EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
+		memcpy (to, de, rec_len);
+		((struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) to)->rec_len =
+				ext3_rec_len_to_disk(rec_len);
+		de->inode = 0;
+		map++;
+		to += rec_len;
+	}
+	return (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) (to - rec_len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compact each dir entry in the range to the minimal rec_len.
+ * Returns pointer to last entry in range.
+ */
+static struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *dx_pack_dirents(char *base, unsigned blocksize)
+{
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *next, *to, *prev;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *)base;
+	unsigned rec_len = 0;
+
+	prev = to = de;
+	while ((char *)de < base + blocksize) {
+		next = ext3_next_entry(de);
+		if (de->inode && de->name_len) {
+			rec_len = EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
+			if (de > to)
+				memmove(to, de, rec_len);
+			to->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(rec_len);
+			prev = to;
+			to = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) (((char *) to) + rec_len);
+		}
+		de = next;
+	}
+	return prev;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Split a full leaf block to make room for a new dir entry.
+ * Allocate a new block, and move entries so that they are approx. equally full.
+ * Returns pointer to de in block into which the new entry will be inserted.
+ */
+static struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *do_split(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
+			struct buffer_head **bh,struct dx_frame *frame,
+			struct dx_hash_info *hinfo, int *error)
+{
+	unsigned blocksize = dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	unsigned count, continued;
+	struct buffer_head *bh2;
+	u32 newblock;
+	u32 hash2;
+	struct dx_map_entry *map;
+	char *data1 = (*bh)->b_data, *data2;
+	unsigned split, move, size;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de = NULL, *de2;
+	int	err = 0, i;
+
+	bh2 = ext3_append (handle, dir, &newblock, &err);
+	if (!(bh2)) {
+		brelse(*bh);
+		*bh = NULL;
+		goto errout;
+	}
+
+	BUFFER_TRACE(*bh, "get_write_access");
+	err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, *bh);
+	if (err)
+		goto journal_error;
+
+	BUFFER_TRACE(frame->bh, "get_write_access");
+	err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, frame->bh);
+	if (err)
+		goto journal_error;
+
+	data2 = bh2->b_data;
+
+	/* create map in the end of data2 block */
+	map = (struct dx_map_entry *) (data2 + blocksize);
+	count = dx_make_map ((struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) data1,
+			     blocksize, hinfo, map);
+	map -= count;
+	dx_sort_map (map, count);
+	/* Split the existing block in the middle, size-wise */
+	size = 0;
+	move = 0;
+	for (i = count-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		/* is more than half of this entry in 2nd half of the block? */
+		if (size + map[i].size/2 > blocksize/2)
+			break;
+		size += map[i].size;
+		move++;
+	}
+	/* map index at which we will split */
+	split = count - move;
+	hash2 = map[split].hash;
+	continued = hash2 == map[split - 1].hash;
+	dxtrace(printk("Split block %i at %x, %i/%i\n",
+		dx_get_block(frame->at), hash2, split, count-split));
+
+	/* Fancy dance to stay within two buffers */
+	de2 = dx_move_dirents(data1, data2, map + split, count - split);
+	de = dx_pack_dirents(data1,blocksize);
+	de->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(data1 + blocksize - (char *) de);
+	de2->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(data2 + blocksize - (char *) de2);
+	dxtrace(dx_show_leaf (hinfo, (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) data1, blocksize, 1));
+	dxtrace(dx_show_leaf (hinfo, (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) data2, blocksize, 1));
+
+	/* Which block gets the new entry? */
+	if (hinfo->hash >= hash2)
+	{
+		swap(*bh, bh2);
+		de = de2;
+	}
+	dx_insert_block (frame, hash2 + continued, newblock);
+	err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata (handle, bh2);
+	if (err)
+		goto journal_error;
+	err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata (handle, frame->bh);
+	if (err)
+		goto journal_error;
+	brelse (bh2);
+	dxtrace(dx_show_index ("frame", frame->entries));
+	return de;
+
+journal_error:
+	brelse(*bh);
+	brelse(bh2);
+	*bh = NULL;
+	ext3_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
+errout:
+	*error = err;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Add a new entry into a directory (leaf) block.  If de is non-NULL,
+ * it points to a directory entry which is guaranteed to be large
+ * enough for new directory entry.  If de is NULL, then
+ * add_dirent_to_buf will attempt search the directory block for
+ * space.  It will return -ENOSPC if no space is available, and -EIO
+ * and -EEXIST if directory entry already exists.
+ *
+ * NOTE!  bh is NOT released in the case where ENOSPC is returned.  In
+ * all other cases bh is released.
+ */
+static int add_dirent_to_buf(handle_t *handle, struct dentry *dentry,
+			     struct inode *inode, struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de,
+			     struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+	struct inode	*dir = dentry->d_parent->d_inode;
+	const char	*name = dentry->d_name.name;
+	int		namelen = dentry->d_name.len;
+	unsigned long	offset = 0;
+	unsigned short	reclen;
+	int		nlen, rlen, err;
+	char		*top;
+
+	reclen = EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(namelen);
+	if (!de) {
+		de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *)bh->b_data;
+		top = bh->b_data + dir->i_sb->s_blocksize - reclen;
+		while ((char *) de <= top) {
+			if (!ext3_check_dir_entry("ext3_add_entry", dir, de,
+						  bh, offset)) {
+				brelse (bh);
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+			if (ext3_match (namelen, name, de)) {
+				brelse (bh);
+				return -EEXIST;
+			}
+			nlen = EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
+			rlen = ext3_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len);
+			if ((de->inode? rlen - nlen: rlen) >= reclen)
+				break;
+			de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *)((char *)de + rlen);
+			offset += rlen;
+		}
+		if ((char *) de > top)
+			return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
+	err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
+	if (err) {
+		ext3_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
+		brelse(bh);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/* By now the buffer is marked for journaling */
+	nlen = EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
+	rlen = ext3_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len);
+	if (de->inode) {
+		struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de1 = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *)((char *)de + nlen);
+		de1->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(rlen - nlen);
+		de->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(nlen);
+		de = de1;
+	}
+	de->file_type = EXT3_FT_UNKNOWN;
+	if (inode) {
+		de->inode = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
+		ext3_set_de_type(dir->i_sb, de, inode->i_mode);
+	} else
+		de->inode = 0;
+	de->name_len = namelen;
+	memcpy (de->name, name, namelen);
+	/*
+	 * XXX shouldn't update any times until successful
+	 * completion of syscall, but too many callers depend
+	 * on this.
+	 *
+	 * XXX similarly, too many callers depend on
+	 * ext3_new_inode() setting the times, but error
+	 * recovery deletes the inode, so the worst that can
+	 * happen is that the times are slightly out of date
+	 * and/or different from the directory change time.
+	 */
+	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+	ext3_update_dx_flag(dir);
+	dir->i_version++;
+	ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
+	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "call ext3_journal_dirty_metadata");
+	err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, bh);
+	if (err)
+		ext3_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
+	brelse(bh);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This converts a one block unindexed directory to a 3 block indexed
+ * directory, and adds the dentry to the indexed directory.
+ */
+static int make_indexed_dir(handle_t *handle, struct dentry *dentry,
+			    struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+	struct inode	*dir = dentry->d_parent->d_inode;
+	const char	*name = dentry->d_name.name;
+	int		namelen = dentry->d_name.len;
+	struct buffer_head *bh2;
+	struct dx_root	*root;
+	struct dx_frame	frames[2], *frame;
+	struct dx_entry *entries;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2	*de, *de2;
+	char		*data1, *top;
+	unsigned	len;
+	int		retval;
+	unsigned	blocksize;
+	struct dx_hash_info hinfo;
+	u32		block;
+	struct fake_dirent *fde;
+
+	blocksize =  dir->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	dxtrace(printk(KERN_DEBUG "Creating index: inode %lu\n", dir->i_ino));
+	retval = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
+	if (retval) {
+		ext3_std_error(dir->i_sb, retval);
+		brelse(bh);
+		return retval;
+	}
+	root = (struct dx_root *) bh->b_data;
+
+	/* The 0th block becomes the root, move the dirents out */
+	fde = &root->dotdot;
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *)((char *)fde +
+			ext3_rec_len_from_disk(fde->rec_len));
+	if ((char *) de >= (((char *) root) + blocksize)) {
+		ext3_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+			   "invalid rec_len for '..' in inode %lu",
+			   dir->i_ino);
+		brelse(bh);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	len = ((char *) root) + blocksize - (char *) de;
+
+	bh2 = ext3_append (handle, dir, &block, &retval);
+	if (!(bh2)) {
+		brelse(bh);
+		return retval;
+	}
+	EXT3_I(dir)->i_flags |= EXT3_INDEX_FL;
+	data1 = bh2->b_data;
+
+	memcpy (data1, de, len);
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) data1;
+	top = data1 + len;
+	while ((char *)(de2 = ext3_next_entry(de)) < top)
+		de = de2;
+	de->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(data1 + blocksize - (char *) de);
+	/* Initialize the root; the dot dirents already exist */
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) (&root->dotdot);
+	de->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(blocksize - EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(2));
+	memset (&root->info, 0, sizeof(root->info));
+	root->info.info_length = sizeof(root->info);
+	root->info.hash_version = EXT3_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_def_hash_version;
+	entries = root->entries;
+	dx_set_block (entries, 1);
+	dx_set_count (entries, 1);
+	dx_set_limit (entries, dx_root_limit(dir, sizeof(root->info)));
+
+	/* Initialize as for dx_probe */
+	hinfo.hash_version = root->info.hash_version;
+	if (hinfo.hash_version <= DX_HASH_TEA)
+		hinfo.hash_version += EXT3_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_unsigned;
+	hinfo.seed = EXT3_SB(dir->i_sb)->s_hash_seed;
+	ext3fs_dirhash(name, namelen, &hinfo);
+	frame = frames;
+	frame->entries = entries;
+	frame->at = entries;
+	frame->bh = bh;
+	bh = bh2;
+	/*
+	 * Mark buffers dirty here so that if do_split() fails we write a
+	 * consistent set of buffers to disk.
+	 */
+	ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, frame->bh);
+	ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, bh);
+	de = do_split(handle,dir, &bh, frame, &hinfo, &retval);
+	if (!de) {
+		ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
+		dx_release(frames);
+		return retval;
+	}
+	dx_release(frames);
+
+	return add_dirent_to_buf(handle, dentry, inode, de, bh);
+}
+
+/*
+ *	ext3_add_entry()
+ *
+ * adds a file entry to the specified directory, using the same
+ * semantics as ext3_find_entry(). It returns NULL if it failed.
+ *
+ * NOTE!! The inode part of 'de' is left at 0 - which means you
+ * may not sleep between calling this and putting something into
+ * the entry, as someone else might have used it while you slept.
+ */
+static int ext3_add_entry (handle_t *handle, struct dentry *dentry,
+	struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct inode *dir = dentry->d_parent->d_inode;
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de;
+	struct super_block * sb;
+	int	retval;
+	int	dx_fallback=0;
+	unsigned blocksize;
+	u32 block, blocks;
+
+	sb = dir->i_sb;
+	blocksize = sb->s_blocksize;
+	if (!dentry->d_name.len)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (is_dx(dir)) {
+		retval = ext3_dx_add_entry(handle, dentry, inode);
+		if (!retval || (retval != ERR_BAD_DX_DIR))
+			return retval;
+		EXT3_I(dir)->i_flags &= ~EXT3_INDEX_FL;
+		dx_fallback++;
+		ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
+	}
+	blocks = dir->i_size >> sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+	for (block = 0; block < blocks; block++) {
+		bh = ext3_bread(handle, dir, block, 0, &retval);
+		if(!bh)
+			return retval;
+		retval = add_dirent_to_buf(handle, dentry, inode, NULL, bh);
+		if (retval != -ENOSPC)
+			return retval;
+
+		if (blocks == 1 && !dx_fallback &&
+		    EXT3_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX))
+			return make_indexed_dir(handle, dentry, inode, bh);
+		brelse(bh);
+	}
+	bh = ext3_append(handle, dir, &block, &retval);
+	if (!bh)
+		return retval;
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
+	de->inode = 0;
+	de->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(blocksize);
+	return add_dirent_to_buf(handle, dentry, inode, de, bh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 0 for success, or a negative error value
+ */
+static int ext3_dx_add_entry(handle_t *handle, struct dentry *dentry,
+			     struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct dx_frame frames[2], *frame;
+	struct dx_entry *entries, *at;
+	struct dx_hash_info hinfo;
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	struct inode *dir = dentry->d_parent->d_inode;
+	struct super_block * sb = dir->i_sb;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *de;
+	int err;
+
+	frame = dx_probe(&dentry->d_name, dir, &hinfo, frames, &err);
+	if (!frame)
+		return err;
+	entries = frame->entries;
+	at = frame->at;
+
+	if (!(bh = ext3_bread(handle,dir, dx_get_block(frame->at), 0, &err)))
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
+	err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
+	if (err)
+		goto journal_error;
+
+	err = add_dirent_to_buf(handle, dentry, inode, NULL, bh);
+	if (err != -ENOSPC) {
+		bh = NULL;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* Block full, should compress but for now just split */
+	dxtrace(printk("using %u of %u node entries\n",
+		       dx_get_count(entries), dx_get_limit(entries)));
+	/* Need to split index? */
+	if (dx_get_count(entries) == dx_get_limit(entries)) {
+		u32 newblock;
+		unsigned icount = dx_get_count(entries);
+		int levels = frame - frames;
+		struct dx_entry *entries2;
+		struct dx_node *node2;
+		struct buffer_head *bh2;
+
+		if (levels && (dx_get_count(frames->entries) ==
+			       dx_get_limit(frames->entries))) {
+			ext3_warning(sb, __func__,
+				     "Directory index full!");
+			err = -ENOSPC;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+		bh2 = ext3_append (handle, dir, &newblock, &err);
+		if (!(bh2))
+			goto cleanup;
+		node2 = (struct dx_node *)(bh2->b_data);
+		entries2 = node2->entries;
+		memset(&node2->fake, 0, sizeof(struct fake_dirent));
+		node2->fake.rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(sb->s_blocksize);
+		BUFFER_TRACE(frame->bh, "get_write_access");
+		err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, frame->bh);
+		if (err)
+			goto journal_error;
+		if (levels) {
+			unsigned icount1 = icount/2, icount2 = icount - icount1;
+			unsigned hash2 = dx_get_hash(entries + icount1);
+			dxtrace(printk("Split index %i/%i\n", icount1, icount2));
+
+			BUFFER_TRACE(frame->bh, "get_write_access"); /* index root */
+			err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle,
+							     frames[0].bh);
+			if (err)
+				goto journal_error;
+
+			memcpy ((char *) entries2, (char *) (entries + icount1),
+				icount2 * sizeof(struct dx_entry));
+			dx_set_count (entries, icount1);
+			dx_set_count (entries2, icount2);
+			dx_set_limit (entries2, dx_node_limit(dir));
+
+			/* Which index block gets the new entry? */
+			if (at - entries >= icount1) {
+				frame->at = at = at - entries - icount1 + entries2;
+				frame->entries = entries = entries2;
+				swap(frame->bh, bh2);
+			}
+			dx_insert_block (frames + 0, hash2, newblock);
+			dxtrace(dx_show_index ("node", frames[1].entries));
+			dxtrace(dx_show_index ("node",
+			       ((struct dx_node *) bh2->b_data)->entries));
+			err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, bh2);
+			if (err)
+				goto journal_error;
+			brelse (bh2);
+		} else {
+			dxtrace(printk("Creating second level index...\n"));
+			memcpy((char *) entries2, (char *) entries,
+			       icount * sizeof(struct dx_entry));
+			dx_set_limit(entries2, dx_node_limit(dir));
+
+			/* Set up root */
+			dx_set_count(entries, 1);
+			dx_set_block(entries + 0, newblock);
+			((struct dx_root *) frames[0].bh->b_data)->info.indirect_levels = 1;
+
+			/* Add new access path frame */
+			frame = frames + 1;
+			frame->at = at = at - entries + entries2;
+			frame->entries = entries = entries2;
+			frame->bh = bh2;
+			err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle,
+							     frame->bh);
+			if (err)
+				goto journal_error;
+		}
+		err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, frames[0].bh);
+		if (err)
+			goto journal_error;
+	}
+	de = do_split(handle, dir, &bh, frame, &hinfo, &err);
+	if (!de)
+		goto cleanup;
+	err = add_dirent_to_buf(handle, dentry, inode, de, bh);
+	bh = NULL;
+	goto cleanup;
+
+journal_error:
+	ext3_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
+cleanup:
+	if (bh)
+		brelse(bh);
+	dx_release(frames);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext3_delete_entry deletes a directory entry by merging it with the
+ * previous entry
+ */
+static int ext3_delete_entry (handle_t *handle,
+			      struct inode * dir,
+			      struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de_del,
+			      struct buffer_head * bh)
+{
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de, * pde;
+	int i;
+
+	i = 0;
+	pde = NULL;
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
+	while (i < bh->b_size) {
+		if (!ext3_check_dir_entry("ext3_delete_entry", dir, de, bh, i))
+			return -EIO;
+		if (de == de_del)  {
+			int err;
+
+			BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "get_write_access");
+			err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh);
+			if (err)
+				goto journal_error;
+
+			if (pde)
+				pde->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(
+					ext3_rec_len_from_disk(pde->rec_len) +
+					ext3_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len));
+			else
+				de->inode = 0;
+			dir->i_version++;
+			BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "call ext3_journal_dirty_metadata");
+			err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, bh);
+			if (err) {
+journal_error:
+				ext3_std_error(dir->i_sb, err);
+				return err;
+			}
+			return 0;
+		}
+		i += ext3_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len);
+		pde = de;
+		de = ext3_next_entry(de);
+	}
+	return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+static int ext3_add_nondir(handle_t *handle,
+		struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	int err = ext3_add_entry(handle, dentry, inode);
+	if (!err) {
+		ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
+		d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+		unlock_new_inode(inode);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	drop_nlink(inode);
+	unlock_new_inode(inode);
+	iput(inode);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * By the time this is called, we already have created
+ * the directory cache entry for the new file, but it
+ * is so far negative - it has no inode.
+ *
+ * If the create succeeds, we fill in the inode information
+ * with d_instantiate().
+ */
+static int ext3_create (struct inode * dir, struct dentry * dentry, umode_t mode,
+		struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	handle_t *handle;
+	struct inode * inode;
+	int err, retries = 0;
+
+	dquot_initialize(dir);
+
+retry:
+	handle = ext3_journal_start(dir, EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+					EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 3 +
+					EXT3_MAXQUOTAS_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
+		handle->h_sync = 1;
+
+	inode = ext3_new_inode (handle, dir, &dentry->d_name, mode);
+	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
+	if (!IS_ERR(inode)) {
+		inode->i_op = &ext3_file_inode_operations;
+		inode->i_fop = &ext3_file_operations;
+		ext3_set_aops(inode);
+		err = ext3_add_nondir(handle, dentry, inode);
+	}
+	ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext3_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
+		goto retry;
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ext3_mknod (struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+			umode_t mode, dev_t rdev)
+{
+	handle_t *handle;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	int err, retries = 0;
+
+	if (!new_valid_dev(rdev))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	dquot_initialize(dir);
+
+retry:
+	handle = ext3_journal_start(dir, EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+					EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 3 +
+					EXT3_MAXQUOTAS_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
+		handle->h_sync = 1;
+
+	inode = ext3_new_inode (handle, dir, &dentry->d_name, mode);
+	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
+	if (!IS_ERR(inode)) {
+		init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, rdev);
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT3_FS_XATTR
+		inode->i_op = &ext3_special_inode_operations;
+#endif
+		err = ext3_add_nondir(handle, dentry, inode);
+	}
+	ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext3_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
+		goto retry;
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ext3_mkdir(struct inode * dir, struct dentry * dentry, umode_t mode)
+{
+	handle_t *handle;
+	struct inode * inode;
+	struct buffer_head * dir_block = NULL;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de;
+	int err, retries = 0;
+
+	if (dir->i_nlink >= EXT3_LINK_MAX)
+		return -EMLINK;
+
+	dquot_initialize(dir);
+
+retry:
+	handle = ext3_journal_start(dir, EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+					EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 3 +
+					EXT3_MAXQUOTAS_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
+		handle->h_sync = 1;
+
+	inode = ext3_new_inode (handle, dir, &dentry->d_name, S_IFDIR | mode);
+	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode))
+		goto out_stop;
+
+	inode->i_op = &ext3_dir_inode_operations;
+	inode->i_fop = &ext3_dir_operations;
+	inode->i_size = EXT3_I(inode)->i_disksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	dir_block = ext3_bread (handle, inode, 0, 1, &err);
+	if (!dir_block)
+		goto out_clear_inode;
+
+	BUFFER_TRACE(dir_block, "get_write_access");
+	err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, dir_block);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_clear_inode;
+
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) dir_block->b_data;
+	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
+	de->name_len = 1;
+	de->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len));
+	strcpy (de->name, ".");
+	ext3_set_de_type(dir->i_sb, de, S_IFDIR);
+	de = ext3_next_entry(de);
+	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(dir->i_ino);
+	de->rec_len = ext3_rec_len_to_disk(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize -
+					EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(1));
+	de->name_len = 2;
+	strcpy (de->name, "..");
+	ext3_set_de_type(dir->i_sb, de, S_IFDIR);
+	set_nlink(inode, 2);
+	BUFFER_TRACE(dir_block, "call ext3_journal_dirty_metadata");
+	err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, dir_block);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_clear_inode;
+
+	err = ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
+	if (!err)
+		err = ext3_add_entry (handle, dentry, inode);
+
+	if (err) {
+out_clear_inode:
+		clear_nlink(inode);
+		unlock_new_inode(inode);
+		ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
+		iput (inode);
+		goto out_stop;
+	}
+	inc_nlink(dir);
+	ext3_update_dx_flag(dir);
+	err = ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_clear_inode;
+
+	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+	unlock_new_inode(inode);
+out_stop:
+	brelse(dir_block);
+	ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext3_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
+		goto retry;
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * routine to check that the specified directory is empty (for rmdir)
+ */
+static int empty_dir (struct inode * inode)
+{
+	unsigned long offset;
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de, * de1;
+	struct super_block * sb;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	sb = inode->i_sb;
+	if (inode->i_size < EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(1) + EXT3_DIR_REC_LEN(2) ||
+	    !(bh = ext3_bread (NULL, inode, 0, 0, &err))) {
+		if (err)
+			ext3_error(inode->i_sb, __func__,
+				   "error %d reading directory #%lu offset 0",
+				   err, inode->i_ino);
+		else
+			ext3_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
+				     "bad directory (dir #%lu) - no data block",
+				     inode->i_ino);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
+	de1 = ext3_next_entry(de);
+	if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode) != inode->i_ino ||
+			!le32_to_cpu(de1->inode) ||
+			strcmp (".", de->name) ||
+			strcmp ("..", de1->name)) {
+		ext3_warning (inode->i_sb, "empty_dir",
+			      "bad directory (dir #%lu) - no `.' or `..'",
+			      inode->i_ino);
+		brelse (bh);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	offset = ext3_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len) +
+			ext3_rec_len_from_disk(de1->rec_len);
+	de = ext3_next_entry(de1);
+	while (offset < inode->i_size ) {
+		if (!bh ||
+			(void *) de >= (void *) (bh->b_data+sb->s_blocksize)) {
+			err = 0;
+			brelse (bh);
+			bh = ext3_bread (NULL, inode,
+				offset >> EXT3_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb), 0, &err);
+			if (!bh) {
+				if (err)
+					ext3_error(sb, __func__,
+						   "error %d reading directory"
+						   " #%lu offset %lu",
+						   err, inode->i_ino, offset);
+				offset += sb->s_blocksize;
+				continue;
+			}
+			de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *) bh->b_data;
+		}
+		if (!ext3_check_dir_entry("empty_dir", inode, de, bh, offset)) {
+			de = (struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *)(bh->b_data +
+							 sb->s_blocksize);
+			offset = (offset | (sb->s_blocksize - 1)) + 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode)) {
+			brelse (bh);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		offset += ext3_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len);
+		de = ext3_next_entry(de);
+	}
+	brelse (bh);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/* ext3_orphan_add() links an unlinked or truncated inode into a list of
+ * such inodes, starting at the superblock, in case we crash before the
+ * file is closed/deleted, or in case the inode truncate spans multiple
+ * transactions and the last transaction is not recovered after a crash.
+ *
+ * At filesystem recovery time, we walk this list deleting unlinked
+ * inodes and truncating linked inodes in ext3_orphan_cleanup().
+ */
+int ext3_orphan_add(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+	struct ext3_iloc iloc;
+	int err = 0, rc;
+
+	mutex_lock(&EXT3_SB(sb)->s_orphan_lock);
+	if (!list_empty(&EXT3_I(inode)->i_orphan))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	/* Orphan handling is only valid for files with data blocks
+	 * being truncated, or files being unlinked. */
+
+	/* @@@ FIXME: Observation from aviro:
+	 * I think I can trigger J_ASSERT in ext3_orphan_add().  We block
+	 * here (on s_orphan_lock), so race with ext3_link() which might bump
+	 * ->i_nlink. For, say it, character device. Not a regular file,
+	 * not a directory, not a symlink and ->i_nlink > 0.
+	 *
+	 * tytso, 4/25/2009: I'm not sure how that could happen;
+	 * shouldn't the fs core protect us from these sort of
+	 * unlink()/link() races?
+	 */
+	J_ASSERT ((S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) ||
+		S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)) || inode->i_nlink == 0);
+
+	BUFFER_TRACE(EXT3_SB(sb)->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
+	err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, EXT3_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	err = ext3_reserve_inode_write(handle, inode, &iloc);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	/* Insert this inode at the head of the on-disk orphan list... */
+	NEXT_ORPHAN(inode) = le32_to_cpu(EXT3_SB(sb)->s_es->s_last_orphan);
+	EXT3_SB(sb)->s_es->s_last_orphan = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
+	err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, EXT3_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
+	rc = ext3_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);
+	if (!err)
+		err = rc;
+
+	/* Only add to the head of the in-memory list if all the
+	 * previous operations succeeded.  If the orphan_add is going to
+	 * fail (possibly taking the journal offline), we can't risk
+	 * leaving the inode on the orphan list: stray orphan-list
+	 * entries can cause panics at unmount time.
+	 *
+	 * This is safe: on error we're going to ignore the orphan list
+	 * anyway on the next recovery. */
+	if (!err)
+		list_add(&EXT3_I(inode)->i_orphan, &EXT3_SB(sb)->s_orphan);
+
+	jbd_debug(4, "superblock will point to %lu\n", inode->i_ino);
+	jbd_debug(4, "orphan inode %lu will point to %d\n",
+			inode->i_ino, NEXT_ORPHAN(inode));
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&EXT3_SB(sb)->s_orphan_lock);
+	ext3_std_error(inode->i_sb, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext3_orphan_del() removes an unlinked or truncated inode from the list
+ * of such inodes stored on disk, because it is finally being cleaned up.
+ */
+int ext3_orphan_del(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct list_head *prev;
+	struct ext3_inode_info *ei = EXT3_I(inode);
+	struct ext3_sb_info *sbi;
+	unsigned long ino_next;
+	struct ext3_iloc iloc;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&EXT3_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_orphan_lock);
+	if (list_empty(&ei->i_orphan))
+		goto out;
+
+	ino_next = NEXT_ORPHAN(inode);
+	prev = ei->i_orphan.prev;
+	sbi = EXT3_SB(inode->i_sb);
+
+	jbd_debug(4, "remove inode %lu from orphan list\n", inode->i_ino);
+
+	list_del_init(&ei->i_orphan);
+
+	/* If we're on an error path, we may not have a valid
+	 * transaction handle with which to update the orphan list on
+	 * disk, but we still need to remove the inode from the linked
+	 * list in memory. */
+	if (!handle)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = ext3_reserve_inode_write(handle, inode, &iloc);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_err;
+
+	if (prev == &sbi->s_orphan) {
+		jbd_debug(4, "superblock will point to %lu\n", ino_next);
+		BUFFER_TRACE(sbi->s_sbh, "get_write_access");
+		err = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, sbi->s_sbh);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_brelse;
+		sbi->s_es->s_last_orphan = cpu_to_le32(ino_next);
+		err = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, sbi->s_sbh);
+	} else {
+		struct ext3_iloc iloc2;
+		struct inode *i_prev =
+			&list_entry(prev, struct ext3_inode_info, i_orphan)->vfs_inode;
+
+		jbd_debug(4, "orphan inode %lu will point to %lu\n",
+			  i_prev->i_ino, ino_next);
+		err = ext3_reserve_inode_write(handle, i_prev, &iloc2);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_brelse;
+		NEXT_ORPHAN(i_prev) = ino_next;
+		err = ext3_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, i_prev, &iloc2);
+	}
+	if (err)
+		goto out_brelse;
+	NEXT_ORPHAN(inode) = 0;
+	err = ext3_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);
+
+out_err:
+	ext3_std_error(inode->i_sb, err);
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&EXT3_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_orphan_lock);
+	return err;
+
+out_brelse:
+	brelse(iloc.bh);
+	goto out_err;
+}
+
+static int ext3_rmdir (struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int retval;
+	struct inode * inode;
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de;
+	handle_t *handle;
+
+	/* Initialize quotas before so that eventual writes go in
+	 * separate transaction */
+	dquot_initialize(dir);
+	dquot_initialize(dentry->d_inode);
+
+	handle = ext3_journal_start(dir, EXT3_DELETE_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	retval = -ENOENT;
+	bh = ext3_find_entry(dir, &dentry->d_name, &de);
+	if (!bh)
+		goto end_rmdir;
+
+	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
+		handle->h_sync = 1;
+
+	inode = dentry->d_inode;
+
+	retval = -EIO;
+	if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode) != inode->i_ino)
+		goto end_rmdir;
+
+	retval = -ENOTEMPTY;
+	if (!empty_dir (inode))
+		goto end_rmdir;
+
+	retval = ext3_delete_entry(handle, dir, de, bh);
+	if (retval)
+		goto end_rmdir;
+	if (inode->i_nlink != 2)
+		ext3_warning (inode->i_sb, "ext3_rmdir",
+			      "empty directory has nlink!=2 (%d)",
+			      inode->i_nlink);
+	inode->i_version++;
+	clear_nlink(inode);
+	/* There's no need to set i_disksize: the fact that i_nlink is
+	 * zero will ensure that the right thing happens during any
+	 * recovery. */
+	inode->i_size = 0;
+	ext3_orphan_add(handle, inode);
+	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+	ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
+	drop_nlink(dir);
+	ext3_update_dx_flag(dir);
+	ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
+
+end_rmdir:
+	ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+	brelse (bh);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static int ext3_unlink(struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int retval;
+	struct inode * inode;
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * de;
+	handle_t *handle;
+
+	trace_ext3_unlink_enter(dir, dentry);
+	/* Initialize quotas before so that eventual writes go
+	 * in separate transaction */
+	dquot_initialize(dir);
+	dquot_initialize(dentry->d_inode);
+
+	handle = ext3_journal_start(dir, EXT3_DELETE_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
+		handle->h_sync = 1;
+
+	retval = -ENOENT;
+	bh = ext3_find_entry(dir, &dentry->d_name, &de);
+	if (!bh)
+		goto end_unlink;
+
+	inode = dentry->d_inode;
+
+	retval = -EIO;
+	if (le32_to_cpu(de->inode) != inode->i_ino)
+		goto end_unlink;
+
+	if (!inode->i_nlink) {
+		ext3_warning (inode->i_sb, "ext3_unlink",
+			      "Deleting nonexistent file (%lu), %d",
+			      inode->i_ino, inode->i_nlink);
+		set_nlink(inode, 1);
+	}
+	retval = ext3_delete_entry(handle, dir, de, bh);
+	if (retval)
+		goto end_unlink;
+	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+	ext3_update_dx_flag(dir);
+	ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
+	drop_nlink(inode);
+	if (!inode->i_nlink)
+		ext3_orphan_add(handle, inode);
+	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+	ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
+	retval = 0;
+
+end_unlink:
+	ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+	brelse (bh);
+	trace_ext3_unlink_exit(dentry, retval);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static int ext3_symlink (struct inode * dir,
+		struct dentry *dentry, const char * symname)
+{
+	handle_t *handle;
+	struct inode * inode;
+	int l, err, retries = 0;
+	int credits;
+
+	l = strlen(symname)+1;
+	if (l > dir->i_sb->s_blocksize)
+		return -ENAMETOOLONG;
+
+	dquot_initialize(dir);
+
+	if (l > EXT3_N_BLOCKS * 4) {
+		/*
+		 * For non-fast symlinks, we just allocate inode and put it on
+		 * orphan list in the first transaction => we need bitmap,
+		 * group descriptor, sb, inode block, quota blocks, and
+		 * possibly selinux xattr blocks.
+		 */
+		credits = 4 + EXT3_MAXQUOTAS_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+			  EXT3_XATTR_TRANS_BLOCKS;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Fast symlink. We have to add entry to directory
+		 * (EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS + EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS),
+		 * allocate new inode (bitmap, group descriptor, inode block,
+		 * quota blocks, sb is already counted in previous macros).
+		 */
+		credits = EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+			  EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 3 +
+			  EXT3_MAXQUOTAS_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb);
+	}
+retry:
+	handle = ext3_journal_start(dir, credits);
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
+		handle->h_sync = 1;
+
+	inode = ext3_new_inode (handle, dir, &dentry->d_name, S_IFLNK|S_IRWXUGO);
+	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode))
+		goto out_stop;
+
+	if (l > EXT3_N_BLOCKS * 4) {
+		inode->i_op = &ext3_symlink_inode_operations;
+		ext3_set_aops(inode);
+		/*
+		 * We cannot call page_symlink() with transaction started
+		 * because it calls into ext3_write_begin() which acquires page
+		 * lock which ranks below transaction start (and it can also
+		 * wait for journal commit if we are running out of space). So
+		 * we have to stop transaction now and restart it when symlink
+		 * contents is written. 
+		 *
+		 * To keep fs consistent in case of crash, we have to put inode
+		 * to orphan list in the mean time.
+		 */
+		drop_nlink(inode);
+		err = ext3_orphan_add(handle, inode);
+		ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+		if (err)
+			goto err_drop_inode;
+		err = __page_symlink(inode, symname, l, 1);
+		if (err)
+			goto err_drop_inode;
+		/*
+		 * Now inode is being linked into dir (EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS
+		 * + EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS), inode is also modified
+		 */
+		handle = ext3_journal_start(dir,
+				EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+				EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 1);
+		if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(handle);
+			goto err_drop_inode;
+		}
+		set_nlink(inode, 1);
+		err = ext3_orphan_del(handle, inode);
+		if (err) {
+			ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+			drop_nlink(inode);
+			goto err_drop_inode;
+		}
+	} else {
+		inode->i_op = &ext3_fast_symlink_inode_operations;
+		memcpy((char*)&EXT3_I(inode)->i_data,symname,l);
+		inode->i_size = l-1;
+	}
+	EXT3_I(inode)->i_disksize = inode->i_size;
+	err = ext3_add_nondir(handle, dentry, inode);
+out_stop:
+	ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext3_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
+		goto retry;
+	return err;
+err_drop_inode:
+	unlock_new_inode(inode);
+	iput(inode);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ext3_link (struct dentry * old_dentry,
+		struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	handle_t *handle;
+	struct inode *inode = old_dentry->d_inode;
+	int err, retries = 0;
+
+	if (inode->i_nlink >= EXT3_LINK_MAX)
+		return -EMLINK;
+
+	dquot_initialize(dir);
+
+retry:
+	handle = ext3_journal_start(dir, EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+					EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS);
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
+		handle->h_sync = 1;
+
+	inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+	inc_nlink(inode);
+	ihold(inode);
+
+	err = ext3_add_entry(handle, dentry, inode);
+	if (!err) {
+		ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
+		d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+	} else {
+		drop_nlink(inode);
+		iput(inode);
+	}
+	ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+	if (err == -ENOSPC && ext3_should_retry_alloc(dir->i_sb, &retries))
+		goto retry;
+	return err;
+}
+
+#define PARENT_INO(buffer) \
+	(ext3_next_entry((struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *)(buffer))->inode)
+
+/*
+ * Anybody can rename anything with this: the permission checks are left to the
+ * higher-level routines.
+ */
+static int ext3_rename (struct inode * old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
+			   struct inode * new_dir,struct dentry *new_dentry)
+{
+	handle_t *handle;
+	struct inode * old_inode, * new_inode;
+	struct buffer_head * old_bh, * new_bh, * dir_bh;
+	struct ext3_dir_entry_2 * old_de, * new_de;
+	int retval, flush_file = 0;
+
+	dquot_initialize(old_dir);
+	dquot_initialize(new_dir);
+
+	old_bh = new_bh = dir_bh = NULL;
+
+	/* Initialize quotas before so that eventual writes go
+	 * in separate transaction */
+	if (new_dentry->d_inode)
+		dquot_initialize(new_dentry->d_inode);
+	handle = ext3_journal_start(old_dir, 2 *
+					EXT3_DATA_TRANS_BLOCKS(old_dir->i_sb) +
+					EXT3_INDEX_EXTRA_TRANS_BLOCKS + 2);
+	if (IS_ERR(handle))
+		return PTR_ERR(handle);
+
+	if (IS_DIRSYNC(old_dir) || IS_DIRSYNC(new_dir))
+		handle->h_sync = 1;
+
+	old_bh = ext3_find_entry(old_dir, &old_dentry->d_name, &old_de);
+	/*
+	 *  Check for inode number is _not_ due to possible IO errors.
+	 *  We might rmdir the source, keep it as pwd of some process
+	 *  and merrily kill the link to whatever was created under the
+	 *  same name. Goodbye sticky bit ;-<
+	 */
+	old_inode = old_dentry->d_inode;
+	retval = -ENOENT;
+	if (!old_bh || le32_to_cpu(old_de->inode) != old_inode->i_ino)
+		goto end_rename;
+
+	new_inode = new_dentry->d_inode;
+	new_bh = ext3_find_entry(new_dir, &new_dentry->d_name, &new_de);
+	if (new_bh) {
+		if (!new_inode) {
+			brelse (new_bh);
+			new_bh = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	if (S_ISDIR(old_inode->i_mode)) {
+		if (new_inode) {
+			retval = -ENOTEMPTY;
+			if (!empty_dir (new_inode))
+				goto end_rename;
+		}
+		retval = -EIO;
+		dir_bh = ext3_bread (handle, old_inode, 0, 0, &retval);
+		if (!dir_bh)
+			goto end_rename;
+		if (le32_to_cpu(PARENT_INO(dir_bh->b_data)) != old_dir->i_ino)
+			goto end_rename;
+		retval = -EMLINK;
+		if (!new_inode && new_dir!=old_dir &&
+				new_dir->i_nlink >= EXT3_LINK_MAX)
+			goto end_rename;
+	}
+	if (!new_bh) {
+		retval = ext3_add_entry (handle, new_dentry, old_inode);
+		if (retval)
+			goto end_rename;
+	} else {
+		BUFFER_TRACE(new_bh, "get write access");
+		retval = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, new_bh);
+		if (retval)
+			goto journal_error;
+		new_de->inode = cpu_to_le32(old_inode->i_ino);
+		if (EXT3_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(new_dir->i_sb,
+					      EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
+			new_de->file_type = old_de->file_type;
+		new_dir->i_version++;
+		new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+		ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, new_dir);
+		BUFFER_TRACE(new_bh, "call ext3_journal_dirty_metadata");
+		retval = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, new_bh);
+		if (retval)
+			goto journal_error;
+		brelse(new_bh);
+		new_bh = NULL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
+	 * rename.
+	 */
+	old_inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+	ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, old_inode);
+
+	/*
+	 * ok, that's it
+	 */
+	if (le32_to_cpu(old_de->inode) != old_inode->i_ino ||
+	    old_de->name_len != old_dentry->d_name.len ||
+	    strncmp(old_de->name, old_dentry->d_name.name, old_de->name_len) ||
+	    (retval = ext3_delete_entry(handle, old_dir,
+					old_de, old_bh)) == -ENOENT) {
+		/* old_de could have moved from under us during htree split, so
+		 * make sure that we are deleting the right entry.  We might
+		 * also be pointing to a stale entry in the unused part of
+		 * old_bh so just checking inum and the name isn't enough. */
+		struct buffer_head *old_bh2;
+		struct ext3_dir_entry_2 *old_de2;
+
+		old_bh2 = ext3_find_entry(old_dir, &old_dentry->d_name,
+					  &old_de2);
+		if (old_bh2) {
+			retval = ext3_delete_entry(handle, old_dir,
+						   old_de2, old_bh2);
+			brelse(old_bh2);
+		}
+	}
+	if (retval) {
+		ext3_warning(old_dir->i_sb, "ext3_rename",
+				"Deleting old file (%lu), %d, error=%d",
+				old_dir->i_ino, old_dir->i_nlink, retval);
+	}
+
+	if (new_inode) {
+		drop_nlink(new_inode);
+		new_inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+	}
+	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
+	ext3_update_dx_flag(old_dir);
+	if (dir_bh) {
+		BUFFER_TRACE(dir_bh, "get_write_access");
+		retval = ext3_journal_get_write_access(handle, dir_bh);
+		if (retval)
+			goto journal_error;
+		PARENT_INO(dir_bh->b_data) = cpu_to_le32(new_dir->i_ino);
+		BUFFER_TRACE(dir_bh, "call ext3_journal_dirty_metadata");
+		retval = ext3_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, dir_bh);
+		if (retval) {
+journal_error:
+			ext3_std_error(new_dir->i_sb, retval);
+			goto end_rename;
+		}
+		drop_nlink(old_dir);
+		if (new_inode) {
+			drop_nlink(new_inode);
+		} else {
+			inc_nlink(new_dir);
+			ext3_update_dx_flag(new_dir);
+			ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, new_dir);
+		}
+	}
+	ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, old_dir);
+	if (new_inode) {
+		ext3_mark_inode_dirty(handle, new_inode);
+		if (!new_inode->i_nlink)
+			ext3_orphan_add(handle, new_inode);
+		if (ext3_should_writeback_data(new_inode))
+			flush_file = 1;
+	}
+	retval = 0;
+
+end_rename:
+	brelse (dir_bh);
+	brelse (old_bh);
+	brelse (new_bh);
+	ext3_journal_stop(handle);
+	if (retval == 0 && flush_file)
+		filemap_flush(old_inode->i_mapping);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * directories can handle most operations...
+ */
+const struct inode_operations ext3_dir_inode_operations = {
+	.create		= ext3_create,
+	.lookup		= ext3_lookup,
+	.link		= ext3_link,
+	.unlink		= ext3_unlink,
+	.symlink	= ext3_symlink,
+	.mkdir		= ext3_mkdir,
+	.rmdir		= ext3_rmdir,
+	.mknod		= ext3_mknod,
+	.rename		= ext3_rename,
+	.setattr	= ext3_setattr,
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT3_FS_XATTR
+	.setxattr	= generic_setxattr,
+	.getxattr	= generic_getxattr,
+	.listxattr	= ext3_listxattr,
+	.removexattr	= generic_removexattr,
+#endif
+	.get_acl	= ext3_get_acl,
+};
+
+const struct inode_operations ext3_special_inode_operations = {
+	.setattr	= ext3_setattr,
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT3_FS_XATTR
+	.setxattr	= generic_setxattr,
+	.getxattr	= generic_getxattr,
+	.listxattr	= ext3_listxattr,
+	.removexattr	= generic_removexattr,
+#endif
+	.get_acl	= ext3_get_acl,
+};