Moved, renamed, and deleted files

The original directory structure was scattered and unorganized.
Changes are basically to make it look like kernel structure.

1 files changed, 0 insertions, 2289 deletions

diff --git a/ANDROID_3.4.5/sound/core/pcm_lib.c b/ANDROID_3.4.5/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 4d189411..00000000
--- a/ANDROID_3.4.5/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2289 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  Digital Audio (PCM) abstract layer
- *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
- *                   Abramo Bagnara <abramo@alsa-project.org>
- *
- *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- *   (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
- *
- */
-
-#include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/time.h>
-#include <linux/math64.h>
-#include <linux/export.h>
-#include <sound/core.h>
-#include <sound/control.h>
-#include <sound/info.h>
-#include <sound/pcm.h>
-#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
-#include <sound/timer.h>
-
-/*
- * fill ring buffer with silence
- * runtime->silence_start: starting pointer to silence area
- * runtime->silence_filled: size filled with silence
- * runtime->silence_threshold: threshold from application
- * runtime->silence_size: maximal size from application
- *
- * when runtime->silence_size >= runtime->boundary - fill processed area with silence immediately
- */
-void snd_pcm_playback_silence(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, snd_pcm_uframes_t new_hw_ptr)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, ofs, transfer;
-
-	if (runtime->silence_size < runtime->boundary) {
-		snd_pcm_sframes_t noise_dist, n;
-		if (runtime->silence_start != runtime->control->appl_ptr) {
-			n = runtime->control->appl_ptr - runtime->silence_start;
-			if (n < 0)
-				n += runtime->boundary;
-			if ((snd_pcm_uframes_t)n < runtime->silence_filled)
-				runtime->silence_filled -= n;
-			else
-				runtime->silence_filled = 0;
-			runtime->silence_start = runtime->control->appl_ptr;
-		}
-		if (runtime->silence_filled >= runtime->buffer_size)
-			return;
-		noise_dist = snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime) + runtime->silence_filled;
-		if (noise_dist >= (snd_pcm_sframes_t) runtime->silence_threshold)
-			return;
-		frames = runtime->silence_threshold - noise_dist;
-		if (frames > runtime->silence_size)
-			frames = runtime->silence_size;
-	} else {
-		if (new_hw_ptr == ULONG_MAX) {	/* initialization */
-			snd_pcm_sframes_t avail = snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime);
-			if (avail > runtime->buffer_size)
-				avail = runtime->buffer_size;
-			runtime->silence_filled = avail > 0 ? avail : 0;
-			runtime->silence_start = (runtime->status->hw_ptr +
-						  runtime->silence_filled) %
-						 runtime->boundary;
-		} else {
-			ofs = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
-			frames = new_hw_ptr - ofs;
-			if ((snd_pcm_sframes_t)frames < 0)
-				frames += runtime->boundary;
-			runtime->silence_filled -= frames;
-			if ((snd_pcm_sframes_t)runtime->silence_filled < 0) {
-				runtime->silence_filled = 0;
-				runtime->silence_start = new_hw_ptr;
-			} else {
-				runtime->silence_start = ofs;
-			}
-		}
-		frames = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->silence_filled;
-	}
-	if (snd_BUG_ON(frames > runtime->buffer_size))
-		return;
-	if (frames == 0)
-		return;
-	ofs = runtime->silence_start % runtime->buffer_size;
-	while (frames > 0) {
-		transfer = ofs + frames > runtime->buffer_size ? runtime->buffer_size - ofs : frames;
-		if (runtime->access == SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED ||
-		    runtime->access == SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED) {
-			if (substream->ops->silence) {
-				int err;
-				err = substream->ops->silence(substream, -1, ofs, transfer);
-				snd_BUG_ON(err < 0);
-			} else {
-				char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + frames_to_bytes(runtime, ofs);
-				snd_pcm_format_set_silence(runtime->format, hwbuf, transfer * runtime->channels);
-			}
-		} else {
-			unsigned int c;
-			unsigned int channels = runtime->channels;
-			if (substream->ops->silence) {
-				for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c) {
-					int err;
-					err = substream->ops->silence(substream, c, ofs, transfer);
-					snd_BUG_ON(err < 0);
-				}
-			} else {
-				size_t dma_csize = runtime->dma_bytes / channels;
-				for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c) {
-					char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + (c * dma_csize) + samples_to_bytes(runtime, ofs);
-					snd_pcm_format_set_silence(runtime->format, hwbuf, transfer);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		runtime->silence_filled += transfer;
-		frames -= transfer;
-		ofs = 0;
-	}
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
-void snd_pcm_debug_name(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-			   char *name, size_t len)
-{
-	snprintf(name, len, "pcmC%dD%d%c:%d",
-		 substream->pcm->card->number,
-		 substream->pcm->device,
-		 substream->stream ? 'c' : 'p',
-		 substream->number);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_debug_name);
-#endif
-
-#define XRUN_DEBUG_BASIC	(1<<0)
-#define XRUN_DEBUG_STACK	(1<<1)	/* dump also stack */
-#define XRUN_DEBUG_JIFFIESCHECK	(1<<2)	/* do jiffies check */
-#define XRUN_DEBUG_PERIODUPDATE	(1<<3)	/* full period update info */
-#define XRUN_DEBUG_HWPTRUPDATE	(1<<4)	/* full hwptr update info */
-#define XRUN_DEBUG_LOG		(1<<5)	/* show last 10 positions on err */
-#define XRUN_DEBUG_LOGONCE	(1<<6)	/* do above only once */
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_SND_PCM_XRUN_DEBUG
-
-#define xrun_debug(substream, mask) \
-			((substream)->pstr->xrun_debug & (mask))
-#else
-#define xrun_debug(substream, mask)	0
-#endif
-
-#define dump_stack_on_xrun(substream) do {			\
-		if (xrun_debug(substream, XRUN_DEBUG_STACK))	\
-			dump_stack();				\
-	} while (0)
-
-static void xrun(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-
-	if (runtime->tstamp_mode == SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_ENABLE)
-		snd_pcm_gettime(runtime, (struct timespec *)&runtime->status->tstamp);
-	snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
-	if (xrun_debug(substream, XRUN_DEBUG_BASIC)) {
-		char name[16];
-		snd_pcm_debug_name(substream, name, sizeof(name));
-		snd_printd(KERN_DEBUG "XRUN: %s\n", name);
-		dump_stack_on_xrun(substream);
-	}
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_SND_PCM_XRUN_DEBUG
-#define hw_ptr_error(substream, fmt, args...)				\
-	do {								\
-		if (xrun_debug(substream, XRUN_DEBUG_BASIC)) {		\
-			xrun_log_show(substream);			\
-			if (printk_ratelimit()) {			\
-				snd_printd("PCM: " fmt, ##args);	\
-			}						\
-			dump_stack_on_xrun(substream);			\
-		}							\
-	} while (0)
-
-#define XRUN_LOG_CNT	10
-
-struct hwptr_log_entry {
-	unsigned int in_interrupt;
-	unsigned long jiffies;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t pos;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t period_size;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t buffer_size;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t old_hw_ptr;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t hw_ptr_base;
-};
-
-struct snd_pcm_hwptr_log {
-	unsigned int idx;
-	unsigned int hit: 1;
-	struct hwptr_log_entry entries[XRUN_LOG_CNT];
-};
-
-static void xrun_log(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-		     snd_pcm_uframes_t pos, int in_interrupt)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct snd_pcm_hwptr_log *log = runtime->hwptr_log;
-	struct hwptr_log_entry *entry;
-
-	if (log == NULL) {
-		log = kzalloc(sizeof(*log), GFP_ATOMIC);
-		if (log == NULL)
-			return;
-		runtime->hwptr_log = log;
-	} else {
-		if (xrun_debug(substream, XRUN_DEBUG_LOGONCE) && log->hit)
-			return;
-	}
-	entry = &log->entries[log->idx];
-	entry->in_interrupt = in_interrupt;
-	entry->jiffies = jiffies;
-	entry->pos = pos;
-	entry->period_size = runtime->period_size;
-	entry->buffer_size = runtime->buffer_size;
-	entry->old_hw_ptr = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
-	entry->hw_ptr_base = runtime->hw_ptr_base;
-	log->idx = (log->idx + 1) % XRUN_LOG_CNT;
-}
-
-static void xrun_log_show(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hwptr_log *log = substream->runtime->hwptr_log;
-	struct hwptr_log_entry *entry;
-	char name[16];
-	unsigned int idx;
-	int cnt;
-
-	if (log == NULL)
-		return;
-	if (xrun_debug(substream, XRUN_DEBUG_LOGONCE) && log->hit)
-		return;
-	snd_pcm_debug_name(substream, name, sizeof(name));
-	for (cnt = 0, idx = log->idx; cnt < XRUN_LOG_CNT; cnt++) {
-		entry = &log->entries[idx];
-		if (entry->period_size == 0)
-			break;
-		snd_printd("hwptr log: %s: %sj=%lu, pos=%ld/%ld/%ld, "
-			   "hwptr=%ld/%ld\n",
-			   name, entry->in_interrupt ? "[Q] " : "",
-			   entry->jiffies,
-			   (unsigned long)entry->pos,
-			   (unsigned long)entry->period_size,
-			   (unsigned long)entry->buffer_size,
-			   (unsigned long)entry->old_hw_ptr,
-			   (unsigned long)entry->hw_ptr_base);
-		idx++;
-		idx %= XRUN_LOG_CNT;
-	}
-	log->hit = 1;
-}
-
-#else /* ! CONFIG_SND_PCM_XRUN_DEBUG */
-
-#define hw_ptr_error(substream, fmt, args...) do { } while (0)
-#define xrun_log(substream, pos, in_interrupt)	do { } while (0)
-#define xrun_log_show(substream)	do { } while (0)
-
-#endif
-
-int snd_pcm_update_state(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-			 struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
-{
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t avail;
-
-	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
-		avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
-	else
-		avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
-	if (avail > runtime->avail_max)
-		runtime->avail_max = avail;
-	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING) {
-		if (avail >= runtime->buffer_size) {
-			snd_pcm_drain_done(substream);
-			return -EPIPE;
-		}
-	} else {
-		if (avail >= runtime->stop_threshold) {
-			xrun(substream);
-			return -EPIPE;
-		}
-	}
-	if (runtime->twake) {
-		if (avail >= runtime->twake)
-			wake_up(&runtime->tsleep);
-	} else if (avail >= runtime->control->avail_min)
-		wake_up(&runtime->sleep);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr0(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				  unsigned int in_interrupt)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t pos;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t old_hw_ptr, new_hw_ptr, hw_base;
-	snd_pcm_sframes_t hdelta, delta;
-	unsigned long jdelta;
-
-	old_hw_ptr = runtime->status->hw_ptr;
-	pos = substream->ops->pointer(substream);
-	if (pos == SNDRV_PCM_POS_XRUN) {
-		xrun(substream);
-		return -EPIPE;
-	}
-	if (pos >= runtime->buffer_size) {
-		if (printk_ratelimit()) {
-			char name[16];
-			snd_pcm_debug_name(substream, name, sizeof(name));
-			xrun_log_show(substream);
-			snd_printd(KERN_ERR  "BUG: %s, pos = %ld, "
-				   "buffer size = %ld, period size = %ld\n",
-				   name, pos, runtime->buffer_size,
-				   runtime->period_size);
-		}
-		pos = 0;
-	}
-	pos -= pos % runtime->min_align;
-	if (xrun_debug(substream, XRUN_DEBUG_LOG))
-		xrun_log(substream, pos, in_interrupt);
-	hw_base = runtime->hw_ptr_base;
-	new_hw_ptr = hw_base + pos;
-	if (in_interrupt) {
-		/* we know that one period was processed */
-		/* delta = "expected next hw_ptr" for in_interrupt != 0 */
-		delta = runtime->hw_ptr_interrupt + runtime->period_size;
-		if (delta > new_hw_ptr) {
-			/* check for double acknowledged interrupts */
-			hdelta = jiffies - runtime->hw_ptr_jiffies;
-			if (hdelta > runtime->hw_ptr_buffer_jiffies/2) {
-				hw_base += runtime->buffer_size;
-				if (hw_base >= runtime->boundary)
-					hw_base = 0;
-				new_hw_ptr = hw_base + pos;
-				goto __delta;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	/* new_hw_ptr might be lower than old_hw_ptr in case when */
-	/* pointer crosses the end of the ring buffer */
-	if (new_hw_ptr < old_hw_ptr) {
-		hw_base += runtime->buffer_size;
-		if (hw_base >= runtime->boundary)
-			hw_base = 0;
-		new_hw_ptr = hw_base + pos;
-	}
-      __delta:
-	delta = new_hw_ptr - old_hw_ptr;
-	if (delta < 0)
-		delta += runtime->boundary;
-	if (xrun_debug(substream, in_interrupt ?
-			XRUN_DEBUG_PERIODUPDATE : XRUN_DEBUG_HWPTRUPDATE)) {
-		char name[16];
-		snd_pcm_debug_name(substream, name, sizeof(name));
-		snd_printd("%s_update: %s: pos=%u/%u/%u, "
-			   "hwptr=%ld/%ld/%ld/%ld\n",
-			   in_interrupt ? "period" : "hwptr",
-			   name,
-			   (unsigned int)pos,
-			   (unsigned int)runtime->period_size,
-			   (unsigned int)runtime->buffer_size,
-			   (unsigned long)delta,
-			   (unsigned long)old_hw_ptr,
-			   (unsigned long)new_hw_ptr,
-			   (unsigned long)runtime->hw_ptr_base);
-	}
-
-	if (runtime->no_period_wakeup) {
-		snd_pcm_sframes_t xrun_threshold;
-		/*
-		 * Without regular period interrupts, we have to check
-		 * the elapsed time to detect xruns.
-		 */
-		jdelta = jiffies - runtime->hw_ptr_jiffies;
-		if (jdelta < runtime->hw_ptr_buffer_jiffies / 2)
-			goto no_delta_check;
-		hdelta = jdelta - delta * HZ / runtime->rate;
-		xrun_threshold = runtime->hw_ptr_buffer_jiffies / 2 + 1;
-		while (hdelta > xrun_threshold) {
-			delta += runtime->buffer_size;
-			hw_base += runtime->buffer_size;
-			if (hw_base >= runtime->boundary)
-				hw_base = 0;
-			new_hw_ptr = hw_base + pos;
-			hdelta -= runtime->hw_ptr_buffer_jiffies;
-		}
-		goto no_delta_check;
-	}
-
-	/* something must be really wrong */
-	if (delta >= runtime->buffer_size + runtime->period_size) {
-		hw_ptr_error(substream,
-			       "Unexpected hw_pointer value %s"
-			       "(stream=%i, pos=%ld, new_hw_ptr=%ld, "
-			       "old_hw_ptr=%ld)\n",
-				     in_interrupt ? "[Q] " : "[P]",
-				     substream->stream, (long)pos,
-				     (long)new_hw_ptr, (long)old_hw_ptr);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/* Do jiffies check only in xrun_debug mode */
-	if (!xrun_debug(substream, XRUN_DEBUG_JIFFIESCHECK))
-		goto no_jiffies_check;
-
-	/* Skip the jiffies check for hardwares with BATCH flag.
-	 * Such hardware usually just increases the position at each IRQ,
-	 * thus it can't give any strange position.
-	 */
-	if (runtime->hw.info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BATCH)
-		goto no_jiffies_check;
-	hdelta = delta;
-	if (hdelta < runtime->delay)
-		goto no_jiffies_check;
-	hdelta -= runtime->delay;
-	jdelta = jiffies - runtime->hw_ptr_jiffies;
-	if (((hdelta * HZ) / runtime->rate) > jdelta + HZ/100) {
-		delta = jdelta /
-			(((runtime->period_size * HZ) / runtime->rate)
-								+ HZ/100);
-		/* move new_hw_ptr according jiffies not pos variable */
-		new_hw_ptr = old_hw_ptr;
-		hw_base = delta;
-		/* use loop to avoid checks for delta overflows */
-		/* the delta value is small or zero in most cases */
-		while (delta > 0) {
-			new_hw_ptr += runtime->period_size;
-			if (new_hw_ptr >= runtime->boundary)
-				new_hw_ptr -= runtime->boundary;
-			delta--;
-		}
-		/* align hw_base to buffer_size */
-		hw_ptr_error(substream,
-			     "hw_ptr skipping! %s"
-			     "(pos=%ld, delta=%ld, period=%ld, "
-			     "jdelta=%lu/%lu/%lu, hw_ptr=%ld/%ld)\n",
-			     in_interrupt ? "[Q] " : "",
-			     (long)pos, (long)hdelta,
-			     (long)runtime->period_size, jdelta,
-			     ((hdelta * HZ) / runtime->rate), hw_base,
-			     (unsigned long)old_hw_ptr,
-			     (unsigned long)new_hw_ptr);
-		/* reset values to proper state */
-		delta = 0;
-		hw_base = new_hw_ptr - (new_hw_ptr % runtime->buffer_size);
-	}
- no_jiffies_check:
-	if (delta > runtime->period_size + runtime->period_size / 2) {
-		hw_ptr_error(substream,
-			     "Lost interrupts? %s"
-			     "(stream=%i, delta=%ld, new_hw_ptr=%ld, "
-			     "old_hw_ptr=%ld)\n",
-			     in_interrupt ? "[Q] " : "",
-			     substream->stream, (long)delta,
-			     (long)new_hw_ptr,
-			     (long)old_hw_ptr);
-	}
-
- no_delta_check:
-	if (runtime->status->hw_ptr == new_hw_ptr)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK &&
-	    runtime->silence_size > 0)
-		snd_pcm_playback_silence(substream, new_hw_ptr);
-
-	if (in_interrupt) {
-		delta = new_hw_ptr - runtime->hw_ptr_interrupt;
-		if (delta < 0)
-			delta += runtime->boundary;
-		delta -= (snd_pcm_uframes_t)delta % runtime->period_size;
-		runtime->hw_ptr_interrupt += delta;
-		if (runtime->hw_ptr_interrupt >= runtime->boundary)
-			runtime->hw_ptr_interrupt -= runtime->boundary;
-	}
-	runtime->hw_ptr_base = hw_base;
-	runtime->status->hw_ptr = new_hw_ptr;
-	runtime->hw_ptr_jiffies = jiffies;
-	if (runtime->tstamp_mode == SNDRV_PCM_TSTAMP_ENABLE)
-		snd_pcm_gettime(runtime, (struct timespec *)&runtime->status->tstamp);
-
-	return snd_pcm_update_state(substream, runtime);
-}
-
-/* CAUTION: call it with irq disabled */
-int snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
-{
-	return snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr0(substream, 0);
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_set_ops - set the PCM operators
- * @pcm: the pcm instance
- * @direction: stream direction, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_XXX
- * @ops: the operator table
- *
- * Sets the given PCM operators to the pcm instance.
- */
-void snd_pcm_set_ops(struct snd_pcm *pcm, int direction, struct snd_pcm_ops *ops)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_str *stream = &pcm->streams[direction];
-	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
-	
-	for (substream = stream->substream; substream != NULL; substream = substream->next)
-		substream->ops = ops;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_set_ops);
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_sync - set the PCM sync id
- * @substream: the pcm substream
- *
- * Sets the PCM sync identifier for the card.
- */
-void snd_pcm_set_sync(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	
-	runtime->sync.id32[0] = substream->pcm->card->number;
-	runtime->sync.id32[1] = -1;
-	runtime->sync.id32[2] = -1;
-	runtime->sync.id32[3] = -1;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_set_sync);
-
-/*
- *  Standard ioctl routine
- */
-
-static inline unsigned int div32(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, 
-				 unsigned int *r)
-{
-	if (b == 0) {
-		*r = 0;
-		return UINT_MAX;
-	}
-	*r = a % b;
-	return a / b;
-}
-
-static inline unsigned int div_down(unsigned int a, unsigned int b)
-{
-	if (b == 0)
-		return UINT_MAX;
-	return a / b;
-}
-
-static inline unsigned int div_up(unsigned int a, unsigned int b)
-{
-	unsigned int r;
-	unsigned int q;
-	if (b == 0)
-		return UINT_MAX;
-	q = div32(a, b, &r);
-	if (r)
-		++q;
-	return q;
-}
-
-static inline unsigned int mul(unsigned int a, unsigned int b)
-{
-	if (a == 0)
-		return 0;
-	if (div_down(UINT_MAX, a) < b)
-		return UINT_MAX;
-	return a * b;
-}
-
-static inline unsigned int muldiv32(unsigned int a, unsigned int b,
-				    unsigned int c, unsigned int *r)
-{
-	u_int64_t n = (u_int64_t) a * b;
-	if (c == 0) {
-		snd_BUG_ON(!n);
-		*r = 0;
-		return UINT_MAX;
-	}
-	n = div_u64_rem(n, c, r);
-	if (n >= UINT_MAX) {
-		*r = 0;
-		return UINT_MAX;
-	}
-	return n;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_interval_refine - refine the interval value of configurator
- * @i: the interval value to refine
- * @v: the interval value to refer to
- *
- * Refines the interval value with the reference value.
- * The interval is changed to the range satisfying both intervals.
- * The interval status (min, max, integer, etc.) are evaluated.
- *
- * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
- */
-int snd_interval_refine(struct snd_interval *i, const struct snd_interval *v)
-{
-	int changed = 0;
-	if (snd_BUG_ON(snd_interval_empty(i)))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (i->min < v->min) {
-		i->min = v->min;
-		i->openmin = v->openmin;
-		changed = 1;
-	} else if (i->min == v->min && !i->openmin && v->openmin) {
-		i->openmin = 1;
-		changed = 1;
-	}
-	if (i->max > v->max) {
-		i->max = v->max;
-		i->openmax = v->openmax;
-		changed = 1;
-	} else if (i->max == v->max && !i->openmax && v->openmax) {
-		i->openmax = 1;
-		changed = 1;
-	}
-	if (!i->integer && v->integer) {
-		i->integer = 1;
-		changed = 1;
-	}
-	if (i->integer) {
-		if (i->openmin) {
-			i->min++;
-			i->openmin = 0;
-		}
-		if (i->openmax) {
-			i->max--;
-			i->openmax = 0;
-		}
-	} else if (!i->openmin && !i->openmax && i->min == i->max)
-		i->integer = 1;
-	if (snd_interval_checkempty(i)) {
-		snd_interval_none(i);
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	return changed;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_refine);
-
-static int snd_interval_refine_first(struct snd_interval *i)
-{
-	if (snd_BUG_ON(snd_interval_empty(i)))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (snd_interval_single(i))
-		return 0;
-	i->max = i->min;
-	i->openmax = i->openmin;
-	if (i->openmax)
-		i->max++;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int snd_interval_refine_last(struct snd_interval *i)
-{
-	if (snd_BUG_ON(snd_interval_empty(i)))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (snd_interval_single(i))
-		return 0;
-	i->min = i->max;
-	i->openmin = i->openmax;
-	if (i->openmin)
-		i->min--;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-void snd_interval_mul(const struct snd_interval *a, const struct snd_interval *b, struct snd_interval *c)
-{
-	if (a->empty || b->empty) {
-		snd_interval_none(c);
-		return;
-	}
-	c->empty = 0;
-	c->min = mul(a->min, b->min);
-	c->openmin = (a->openmin || b->openmin);
-	c->max = mul(a->max,  b->max);
-	c->openmax = (a->openmax || b->openmax);
-	c->integer = (a->integer && b->integer);
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_interval_div - refine the interval value with division
- * @a: dividend
- * @b: divisor
- * @c: quotient
- *
- * c = a / b
- *
- * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
- */
-void snd_interval_div(const struct snd_interval *a, const struct snd_interval *b, struct snd_interval *c)
-{
-	unsigned int r;
-	if (a->empty || b->empty) {
-		snd_interval_none(c);
-		return;
-	}
-	c->empty = 0;
-	c->min = div32(a->min, b->max, &r);
-	c->openmin = (r || a->openmin || b->openmax);
-	if (b->min > 0) {
-		c->max = div32(a->max, b->min, &r);
-		if (r) {
-			c->max++;
-			c->openmax = 1;
-		} else
-			c->openmax = (a->openmax || b->openmin);
-	} else {
-		c->max = UINT_MAX;
-		c->openmax = 0;
-	}
-	c->integer = 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_interval_muldivk - refine the interval value
- * @a: dividend 1
- * @b: dividend 2
- * @k: divisor (as integer)
- * @c: result
-  *
- * c = a * b / k
- *
- * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
- */
-void snd_interval_muldivk(const struct snd_interval *a, const struct snd_interval *b,
-		      unsigned int k, struct snd_interval *c)
-{
-	unsigned int r;
-	if (a->empty || b->empty) {
-		snd_interval_none(c);
-		return;
-	}
-	c->empty = 0;
-	c->min = muldiv32(a->min, b->min, k, &r);
-	c->openmin = (r || a->openmin || b->openmin);
-	c->max = muldiv32(a->max, b->max, k, &r);
-	if (r) {
-		c->max++;
-		c->openmax = 1;
-	} else
-		c->openmax = (a->openmax || b->openmax);
-	c->integer = 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_interval_mulkdiv - refine the interval value
- * @a: dividend 1
- * @k: dividend 2 (as integer)
- * @b: divisor
- * @c: result
- *
- * c = a * k / b
- *
- * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
- */
-void snd_interval_mulkdiv(const struct snd_interval *a, unsigned int k,
-		      const struct snd_interval *b, struct snd_interval *c)
-{
-	unsigned int r;
-	if (a->empty || b->empty) {
-		snd_interval_none(c);
-		return;
-	}
-	c->empty = 0;
-	c->min = muldiv32(a->min, k, b->max, &r);
-	c->openmin = (r || a->openmin || b->openmax);
-	if (b->min > 0) {
-		c->max = muldiv32(a->max, k, b->min, &r);
-		if (r) {
-			c->max++;
-			c->openmax = 1;
-		} else
-			c->openmax = (a->openmax || b->openmin);
-	} else {
-		c->max = UINT_MAX;
-		c->openmax = 0;
-	}
-	c->integer = 0;
-}
-
-/* ---- */
-
-
-/**
- * snd_interval_ratnum - refine the interval value
- * @i: interval to refine
- * @rats_count: number of ratnum_t 
- * @rats: ratnum_t array
- * @nump: pointer to store the resultant numerator
- * @denp: pointer to store the resultant denominator
- *
- * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
- */
-int snd_interval_ratnum(struct snd_interval *i,
-			unsigned int rats_count, struct snd_ratnum *rats,
-			unsigned int *nump, unsigned int *denp)
-{
-	unsigned int best_num, best_den;
-	int best_diff;
-	unsigned int k;
-	struct snd_interval t;
-	int err;
-	unsigned int result_num, result_den;
-	int result_diff;
-
-	best_num = best_den = best_diff = 0;
-	for (k = 0; k < rats_count; ++k) {
-		unsigned int num = rats[k].num;
-		unsigned int den;
-		unsigned int q = i->min;
-		int diff;
-		if (q == 0)
-			q = 1;
-		den = div_up(num, q);
-		if (den < rats[k].den_min)
-			continue;
-		if (den > rats[k].den_max)
-			den = rats[k].den_max;
-		else {
-			unsigned int r;
-			r = (den - rats[k].den_min) % rats[k].den_step;
-			if (r != 0)
-				den -= r;
-		}
-		diff = num - q * den;
-		if (diff < 0)
-			diff = -diff;
-		if (best_num == 0 ||
-		    diff * best_den < best_diff * den) {
-			best_diff = diff;
-			best_den = den;
-			best_num = num;
-		}
-	}
-	if (best_den == 0) {
-		i->empty = 1;
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	t.min = div_down(best_num, best_den);
-	t.openmin = !!(best_num % best_den);
-	
-	result_num = best_num;
-	result_diff = best_diff;
-	result_den = best_den;
-	best_num = best_den = best_diff = 0;
-	for (k = 0; k < rats_count; ++k) {
-		unsigned int num = rats[k].num;
-		unsigned int den;
-		unsigned int q = i->max;
-		int diff;
-		if (q == 0) {
-			i->empty = 1;
-			return -EINVAL;
-		}
-		den = div_down(num, q);
-		if (den > rats[k].den_max)
-			continue;
-		if (den < rats[k].den_min)
-			den = rats[k].den_min;
-		else {
-			unsigned int r;
-			r = (den - rats[k].den_min) % rats[k].den_step;
-			if (r != 0)
-				den += rats[k].den_step - r;
-		}
-		diff = q * den - num;
-		if (diff < 0)
-			diff = -diff;
-		if (best_num == 0 ||
-		    diff * best_den < best_diff * den) {
-			best_diff = diff;
-			best_den = den;
-			best_num = num;
-		}
-	}
-	if (best_den == 0) {
-		i->empty = 1;
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	t.max = div_up(best_num, best_den);
-	t.openmax = !!(best_num % best_den);
-	t.integer = 0;
-	err = snd_interval_refine(i, &t);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-
-	if (snd_interval_single(i)) {
-		if (best_diff * result_den < result_diff * best_den) {
-			result_num = best_num;
-			result_den = best_den;
-		}
-		if (nump)
-			*nump = result_num;
-		if (denp)
-			*denp = result_den;
-	}
-	return err;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_ratnum);
-
-/**
- * snd_interval_ratden - refine the interval value
- * @i: interval to refine
- * @rats_count: number of struct ratden
- * @rats: struct ratden array
- * @nump: pointer to store the resultant numerator
- * @denp: pointer to store the resultant denominator
- *
- * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
- */
-static int snd_interval_ratden(struct snd_interval *i,
-			       unsigned int rats_count, struct snd_ratden *rats,
-			       unsigned int *nump, unsigned int *denp)
-{
-	unsigned int best_num, best_diff, best_den;
-	unsigned int k;
-	struct snd_interval t;
-	int err;
-
-	best_num = best_den = best_diff = 0;
-	for (k = 0; k < rats_count; ++k) {
-		unsigned int num;
-		unsigned int den = rats[k].den;
-		unsigned int q = i->min;
-		int diff;
-		num = mul(q, den);
-		if (num > rats[k].num_max)
-			continue;
-		if (num < rats[k].num_min)
-			num = rats[k].num_max;
-		else {
-			unsigned int r;
-			r = (num - rats[k].num_min) % rats[k].num_step;
-			if (r != 0)
-				num += rats[k].num_step - r;
-		}
-		diff = num - q * den;
-		if (best_num == 0 ||
-		    diff * best_den < best_diff * den) {
-			best_diff = diff;
-			best_den = den;
-			best_num = num;
-		}
-	}
-	if (best_den == 0) {
-		i->empty = 1;
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	t.min = div_down(best_num, best_den);
-	t.openmin = !!(best_num % best_den);
-	
-	best_num = best_den = best_diff = 0;
-	for (k = 0; k < rats_count; ++k) {
-		unsigned int num;
-		unsigned int den = rats[k].den;
-		unsigned int q = i->max;
-		int diff;
-		num = mul(q, den);
-		if (num < rats[k].num_min)
-			continue;
-		if (num > rats[k].num_max)
-			num = rats[k].num_max;
-		else {
-			unsigned int r;
-			r = (num - rats[k].num_min) % rats[k].num_step;
-			if (r != 0)
-				num -= r;
-		}
-		diff = q * den - num;
-		if (best_num == 0 ||
-		    diff * best_den < best_diff * den) {
-			best_diff = diff;
-			best_den = den;
-			best_num = num;
-		}
-	}
-	if (best_den == 0) {
-		i->empty = 1;
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	t.max = div_up(best_num, best_den);
-	t.openmax = !!(best_num % best_den);
-	t.integer = 0;
-	err = snd_interval_refine(i, &t);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-
-	if (snd_interval_single(i)) {
-		if (nump)
-			*nump = best_num;
-		if (denp)
-			*denp = best_den;
-	}
-	return err;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_interval_list - refine the interval value from the list
- * @i: the interval value to refine
- * @count: the number of elements in the list
- * @list: the value list
- * @mask: the bit-mask to evaluate
- *
- * Refines the interval value from the list.
- * When mask is non-zero, only the elements corresponding to bit 1 are
- * evaluated.
- *
- * Returns non-zero if the value is changed, zero if not changed.
- */
-int snd_interval_list(struct snd_interval *i, unsigned int count,
-		      const unsigned int *list, unsigned int mask)
-{
-        unsigned int k;
-	struct snd_interval list_range;
-
-	if (!count) {
-		i->empty = 1;
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	snd_interval_any(&list_range);
-	list_range.min = UINT_MAX;
-	list_range.max = 0;
-        for (k = 0; k < count; k++) {
-		if (mask && !(mask & (1 << k)))
-			continue;
-		if (!snd_interval_test(i, list[k]))
-			continue;
-		list_range.min = min(list_range.min, list[k]);
-		list_range.max = max(list_range.max, list[k]);
-        }
-	return snd_interval_refine(i, &list_range);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_interval_list);
-
-static int snd_interval_step(struct snd_interval *i, unsigned int min, unsigned int step)
-{
-	unsigned int n;
-	int changed = 0;
-	n = (i->min - min) % step;
-	if (n != 0 || i->openmin) {
-		i->min += step - n;
-		changed = 1;
-	}
-	n = (i->max - min) % step;
-	if (n != 0 || i->openmax) {
-		i->max -= n;
-		changed = 1;
-	}
-	if (snd_interval_checkempty(i)) {
-		i->empty = 1;
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-	return changed;
-}
-
-/* Info constraints helpers */
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_rule_add - add the hw-constraint rule
- * @runtime: the pcm runtime instance
- * @cond: condition bits
- * @var: the variable to evaluate
- * @func: the evaluation function
- * @private: the private data pointer passed to function
- * @dep: the dependent variables
- *
- * Returns zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, unsigned int cond,
-			int var,
-			snd_pcm_hw_rule_func_t func, void *private,
-			int dep, ...)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraints *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *c;
-	unsigned int k;
-	va_list args;
-	va_start(args, dep);
-	if (constrs->rules_num >= constrs->rules_all) {
-		struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *new;
-		unsigned int new_rules = constrs->rules_all + 16;
-		new = kcalloc(new_rules, sizeof(*c), GFP_KERNEL);
-		if (!new) {
-			va_end(args);
-			return -ENOMEM;
-		}
-		if (constrs->rules) {
-			memcpy(new, constrs->rules,
-			       constrs->rules_num * sizeof(*c));
-			kfree(constrs->rules);
-		}
-		constrs->rules = new;
-		constrs->rules_all = new_rules;
-	}
-	c = &constrs->rules[constrs->rules_num];
-	c->cond = cond;
-	c->func = func;
-	c->var = var;
-	c->private = private;
-	k = 0;
-	while (1) {
-		if (snd_BUG_ON(k >= ARRAY_SIZE(c->deps))) {
-			va_end(args);
-			return -EINVAL;
-		}
-		c->deps[k++] = dep;
-		if (dep < 0)
-			break;
-		dep = va_arg(args, int);
-	}
-	constrs->rules_num++;
-	va_end(args);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_rule_add);
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask - apply the given bitmap mask constraint
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the mask
- * @mask: the bitmap mask
- *
- * Apply the constraint of the given bitmap mask to a 32-bit mask parameter.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
-			       u_int32_t mask)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraints *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
-	struct snd_mask *maskp = constrs_mask(constrs, var);
-	*maskp->bits &= mask;
-	memset(maskp->bits + 1, 0, (SNDRV_MASK_MAX-32) / 8); /* clear rest */
-	if (*maskp->bits == 0)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask64 - apply the given bitmap mask constraint
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the mask
- * @mask: the 64bit bitmap mask
- *
- * Apply the constraint of the given bitmap mask to a 64-bit mask parameter.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask64(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
-				 u_int64_t mask)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraints *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
-	struct snd_mask *maskp = constrs_mask(constrs, var);
-	maskp->bits[0] &= (u_int32_t)mask;
-	maskp->bits[1] &= (u_int32_t)(mask >> 32);
-	memset(maskp->bits + 2, 0, (SNDRV_MASK_MAX-64) / 8); /* clear rest */
-	if (! maskp->bits[0] && ! maskp->bits[1])
-		return -EINVAL;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer - apply an integer constraint to an interval
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the integer constraint
- *
- * Apply the constraint of integer to an interval parameter.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraints *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
-	return snd_interval_setinteger(constrs_interval(constrs, var));
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer);
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax - apply a min/max range constraint to an interval
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the range
- * @min: the minimal value
- * @max: the maximal value
- * 
- * Apply the min/max range constraint to an interval parameter.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
-				 unsigned int min, unsigned int max)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraints *constrs = &runtime->hw_constraints;
-	struct snd_interval t;
-	t.min = min;
-	t.max = max;
-	t.openmin = t.openmax = 0;
-	t.integer = 0;
-	return snd_interval_refine(constrs_interval(constrs, var), &t);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax);
-
-static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_list(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list *list = rule->private;
-	return snd_interval_list(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), list->count, list->list, list->mask);
-}		
-
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list - apply a list of constraints to a parameter
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @cond: condition bits
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the list constraint
- * @l: list
- * 
- * Apply the list of constraints to an interval parameter.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
-			       unsigned int cond,
-			       snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
-			       struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list *l)
-{
-	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var,
-				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_list, l,
-				   var, -1);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list);
-
-static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_ratnums(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				   struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums *r = rule->private;
-	unsigned int num = 0, den = 0;
-	int err;
-	err = snd_interval_ratnum(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var),
-				  r->nrats, r->rats, &num, &den);
-	if (err >= 0 && den && rule->var == SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE) {
-		params->rate_num = num;
-		params->rate_den = den;
-	}
-	return err;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums - apply ratnums constraint to a parameter
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @cond: condition bits
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the ratnums constraint
- * @r: struct snd_ratnums constriants
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, 
-				  unsigned int cond,
-				  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
-				  struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums *r)
-{
-	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var,
-				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_ratnums, r,
-				   var, -1);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums);
-
-static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_ratdens(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				   struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens *r = rule->private;
-	unsigned int num = 0, den = 0;
-	int err = snd_interval_ratden(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var),
-				  r->nrats, r->rats, &num, &den);
-	if (err >= 0 && den && rule->var == SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE) {
-		params->rate_num = num;
-		params->rate_den = den;
-	}
-	return err;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens - apply ratdens constraint to a parameter
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @cond: condition bits
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the ratdens constraint
- * @r: struct snd_ratdens constriants
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, 
-				  unsigned int cond,
-				  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
-				  struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens *r)
-{
-	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var,
-				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_ratdens, r,
-				   var, -1);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratdens);
-
-static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_msbits(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				  struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
-{
-	unsigned int l = (unsigned long) rule->private;
-	int width = l & 0xffff;
-	unsigned int msbits = l >> 16;
-	struct snd_interval *i = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS);
-	if (snd_interval_single(i) && snd_interval_value(i) == width)
-		params->msbits = msbits;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_msbits - add a hw constraint msbits rule
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @cond: condition bits
- * @width: sample bits width
- * @msbits: msbits width
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_msbits(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime, 
-				 unsigned int cond,
-				 unsigned int width,
-				 unsigned int msbits)
-{
-	unsigned long l = (msbits << 16) | width;
-	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, -1,
-				    snd_pcm_hw_rule_msbits,
-				    (void*) l,
-				    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SAMPLE_BITS, -1);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_msbits);
-
-static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_step(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
-{
-	unsigned long step = (unsigned long) rule->private;
-	return snd_interval_step(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var), 0, step);
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step - add a hw constraint step rule
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @cond: condition bits
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the step constraint
- * @step: step size
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
-			       unsigned int cond,
-			       snd_pcm_hw_param_t var,
-			       unsigned long step)
-{
-	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var, 
-				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_step, (void *) step,
-				   var, -1);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step);
-
-static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_pow2(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params, struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
-{
-	static unsigned int pow2_sizes[] = {
-		1<<0, 1<<1, 1<<2, 1<<3, 1<<4, 1<<5, 1<<6, 1<<7,
-		1<<8, 1<<9, 1<<10, 1<<11, 1<<12, 1<<13, 1<<14, 1<<15,
-		1<<16, 1<<17, 1<<18, 1<<19, 1<<20, 1<<21, 1<<22, 1<<23,
-		1<<24, 1<<25, 1<<26, 1<<27, 1<<28, 1<<29, 1<<30
-	};
-	return snd_interval_list(hw_param_interval(params, rule->var),
-				 ARRAY_SIZE(pow2_sizes), pow2_sizes, 0);
-}		
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2 - add a hw constraint power-of-2 rule
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @cond: condition bits
- * @var: hw_params variable to apply the power-of-2 constraint
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
-			       unsigned int cond,
-			       snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
-{
-	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, cond, var, 
-				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_pow2, NULL,
-				   var, -1);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2);
-
-static int snd_pcm_hw_rule_noresample_func(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-					   struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
-{
-	unsigned int base_rate = (unsigned int)(uintptr_t)rule->private;
-	struct snd_interval *rate;
-
-	rate = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE);
-	return snd_interval_list(rate, 1, &base_rate, 0);
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_rule_noresample - add a rule to allow disabling hw resampling
- * @runtime: PCM runtime instance
- * @base_rate: the rate at which the hardware does not resample
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_rule_noresample(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
-			       unsigned int base_rate)
-{
-	return snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAMS_NORESAMPLE,
-				   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
-				   snd_pcm_hw_rule_noresample_func,
-				   (void *)(uintptr_t)base_rate,
-				   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_rule_noresample);
-
-static void _snd_pcm_hw_param_any(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
-{
-	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
-		snd_mask_any(hw_param_mask(params, var));
-		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
-		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
-		return;
-	}
-	if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
-		snd_interval_any(hw_param_interval(params, var));
-		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
-		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
-		return;
-	}
-	snd_BUG();
-}
-
-void _snd_pcm_hw_params_any(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
-{
-	unsigned int k;
-	memset(params, 0, sizeof(*params));
-	for (k = SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_MASK; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_MASK; k++)
-		_snd_pcm_hw_param_any(params, k);
-	for (k = SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_INTERVAL; k <= SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_LAST_INTERVAL; k++)
-		_snd_pcm_hw_param_any(params, k);
-	params->info = ~0U;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(_snd_pcm_hw_params_any);
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_param_value - return @params field @var value
- * @params: the hw_params instance
- * @var: parameter to retrieve
- * @dir: pointer to the direction (-1,0,1) or %NULL
- *
- * Return the value for field @var if it's fixed in configuration space
- * defined by @params. Return -%EINVAL otherwise.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_param_value(const struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-			   snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, int *dir)
-{
-	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
-		const struct snd_mask *mask = hw_param_mask_c(params, var);
-		if (!snd_mask_single(mask))
-			return -EINVAL;
-		if (dir)
-			*dir = 0;
-		return snd_mask_value(mask);
-	}
-	if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
-		const struct snd_interval *i = hw_param_interval_c(params, var);
-		if (!snd_interval_single(i))
-			return -EINVAL;
-		if (dir)
-			*dir = i->openmin;
-		return snd_interval_value(i);
-	}
-	return -EINVAL;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_value);
-
-void _snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
-{
-	if (hw_is_mask(var)) {
-		snd_mask_none(hw_param_mask(params, var));
-		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
-		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
-	} else if (hw_is_interval(var)) {
-		snd_interval_none(hw_param_interval(params, var));
-		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
-		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
-	} else {
-		snd_BUG();
-	}
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty);
-
-static int _snd_pcm_hw_param_first(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				   snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
-{
-	int changed;
-	if (hw_is_mask(var))
-		changed = snd_mask_refine_first(hw_param_mask(params, var));
-	else if (hw_is_interval(var))
-		changed = snd_interval_refine_first(hw_param_interval(params, var));
-	else
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (changed) {
-		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
-		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
-	}
-	return changed;
-}
-
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_param_first - refine config space and return minimum value
- * @pcm: PCM instance
- * @params: the hw_params instance
- * @var: parameter to retrieve
- * @dir: pointer to the direction (-1,0,1) or %NULL
- *
- * Inside configuration space defined by @params remove from @var all
- * values > minimum. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
- * Return the minimum.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_param_first(struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm, 
-			   struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params, 
-			   snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, int *dir)
-{
-	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_first(params, var);
-	if (changed < 0)
-		return changed;
-	if (params->rmask) {
-		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
-		if (snd_BUG_ON(err < 0))
-			return err;
-	}
-	return snd_pcm_hw_param_value(params, var, dir);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_first);
-
-static int _snd_pcm_hw_param_last(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-				  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var)
-{
-	int changed;
-	if (hw_is_mask(var))
-		changed = snd_mask_refine_last(hw_param_mask(params, var));
-	else if (hw_is_interval(var))
-		changed = snd_interval_refine_last(hw_param_interval(params, var));
-	else
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (changed) {
-		params->cmask |= 1 << var;
-		params->rmask |= 1 << var;
-	}
-	return changed;
-}
-
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_param_last - refine config space and return maximum value
- * @pcm: PCM instance
- * @params: the hw_params instance
- * @var: parameter to retrieve
- * @dir: pointer to the direction (-1,0,1) or %NULL
- *
- * Inside configuration space defined by @params remove from @var all
- * values < maximum. Reduce configuration space accordingly.
- * Return the maximum.
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_param_last(struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm, 
-			  struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
-			  snd_pcm_hw_param_t var, int *dir)
-{
-	int changed = _snd_pcm_hw_param_last(params, var);
-	if (changed < 0)
-		return changed;
-	if (params->rmask) {
-		int err = snd_pcm_hw_refine(pcm, params);
-		if (snd_BUG_ON(err < 0))
-			return err;
-	}
-	return snd_pcm_hw_param_value(params, var, dir);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_last);
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_hw_param_choose - choose a configuration defined by @params
- * @pcm: PCM instance
- * @params: the hw_params instance
- *
- * Choose one configuration from configuration space defined by @params.
- * The configuration chosen is that obtained fixing in this order:
- * first access, first format, first subformat, min channels,
- * min rate, min period time, max buffer size, min tick time
- */
-int snd_pcm_hw_params_choose(struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm,
-			     struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
-{
-	static int vars[] = {
-		SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS,
-		SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
-		SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT,
-		SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
-		SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
-		SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME,
-		SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE,
-		SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_TICK_TIME,
-		-1
-	};
-	int err, *v;
-
-	for (v = vars; *v != -1; v++) {
-		if (*v != SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_SIZE)
-			err = snd_pcm_hw_param_first(pcm, params, *v, NULL);
-		else
-			err = snd_pcm_hw_param_last(pcm, params, *v, NULL);
-		if (snd_BUG_ON(err < 0))
-			return err;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_reset(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				   void *arg)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	unsigned long flags;
-	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
-	if (snd_pcm_running(substream) &&
-	    snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream) >= 0)
-		runtime->status->hw_ptr %= runtime->buffer_size;
-	else
-		runtime->status->hw_ptr = 0;
-	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irqrestore(substream, flags);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_channel_info(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-					  void *arg)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_channel_info *info = arg;
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	int width;
-	if (!(runtime->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP)) {
-		info->offset = -1;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	width = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(runtime->format);
-	if (width < 0)
-		return width;
-	info->offset = 0;
-	switch (runtime->access) {
-	case SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED:
-	case SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED:
-		info->first = info->channel * width;
-		info->step = runtime->channels * width;
-		break;
-	case SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_NONINTERLEAVED:
-	case SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED:
-	{
-		size_t size = runtime->dma_bytes / runtime->channels;
-		info->first = info->channel * size * 8;
-		info->step = width;
-		break;
-	}
-	default:
-		snd_BUG();
-		break;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_fifo_size(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				       void *arg)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params = arg;
-	snd_pcm_format_t format;
-	int channels, width;
-
-	params->fifo_size = substream->runtime->hw.fifo_size;
-	if (!(substream->runtime->hw.info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_FIFO_IN_FRAMES)) {
-		format = params_format(params);
-		channels = params_channels(params);
-		width = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format);
-		params->fifo_size /= width * channels;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_lib_ioctl - a generic PCM ioctl callback
- * @substream: the pcm substream instance
- * @cmd: ioctl command
- * @arg: ioctl argument
- *
- * Processes the generic ioctl commands for PCM.
- * Can be passed as the ioctl callback for PCM ops.
- *
- * Returns zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
- */
-int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-		      unsigned int cmd, void *arg)
-{
-	switch (cmd) {
-	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_INFO:
-		return 0;
-	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_RESET:
-		return snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_reset(substream, arg);
-	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_CHANNEL_INFO:
-		return snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_channel_info(substream, arg);
-	case SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL1_FIFO_SIZE:
-		return snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_fifo_size(substream, arg);
-	}
-	return -ENXIO;
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_ioctl);
-
-/**
- * snd_pcm_period_elapsed - update the pcm status for the next period
- * @substream: the pcm substream instance
- *
- * This function is called from the interrupt handler when the
- * PCM has processed the period size.  It will update the current
- * pointer, wake up sleepers, etc.
- *
- * Even if more than one periods have elapsed since the last call, you
- * have to call this only once.
- */
-void snd_pcm_period_elapsed(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
-	unsigned long flags;
-
-	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
-		return;
-	runtime = substream->runtime;
-
-	if (runtime->transfer_ack_begin)
-		runtime->transfer_ack_begin(substream);
-
-	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irqsave(substream, flags);
-	if (!snd_pcm_running(substream) ||
-	    snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr0(substream, 1) < 0)
-		goto _end;
-
-	if (substream->timer_running)
-		snd_timer_interrupt(substream->timer, 1);
- _end:
-	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irqrestore(substream, flags);
-	if (runtime->transfer_ack_end)
-		runtime->transfer_ack_end(substream);
-	kill_fasync(&runtime->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_period_elapsed);
-
-/*
- * Wait until avail_min data becomes available
- * Returns a negative error code if any error occurs during operation.
- * The available space is stored on availp.  When err = 0 and avail = 0
- * on the capture stream, it indicates the stream is in DRAINING state.
- */
-static int wait_for_avail(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-			      snd_pcm_uframes_t *availp)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	int is_playback = substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;
-	wait_queue_t wait;
-	int err = 0;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t avail = 0;
-	long wait_time, tout;
-
-	init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
-	set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-	add_wait_queue(&runtime->tsleep, &wait);
-
-	if (runtime->no_period_wakeup)
-		wait_time = MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT;
-	else {
-		wait_time = 10;
-		if (runtime->rate) {
-			long t = runtime->period_size * 2 / runtime->rate;
-			wait_time = max(t, wait_time);
-		}
-		wait_time = msecs_to_jiffies(wait_time * 1000);
-	}
-
-	for (;;) {
-		if (signal_pending(current)) {
-			err = -ERESTARTSYS;
-			break;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * We need to check if space became available already
-		 * (and thus the wakeup happened already) first to close
-		 * the race of space already having become available.
-		 * This check must happen after been added to the waitqueue
-		 * and having current state be INTERRUPTIBLE.
-		 */
-		if (is_playback)
-			avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
-		else
-			avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
-		if (avail >= runtime->twake)
-			break;
-		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
-
-		tout = schedule_timeout(wait_time);
-
-		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
-		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-		switch (runtime->status->state) {
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
-			err = -ESTRPIPE;
-			goto _endloop;
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
-			err = -EPIPE;
-			goto _endloop;
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
-			if (is_playback)
-				err = -EPIPE;
-			else 
-				avail = 0; /* indicate draining */
-			goto _endloop;
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN:
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP:
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DISCONNECTED:
-			err = -EBADFD;
-			goto _endloop;
-		}
-		if (!tout) {
-			snd_printd("%s write error (DMA or IRQ trouble?)\n",
-				   is_playback ? "playback" : "capture");
-			err = -EIO;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
- _endloop:
-	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
-	remove_wait_queue(&runtime->tsleep, &wait);
-	*availp = avail;
-	return err;
-}
-	
-static int snd_pcm_lib_write_transfer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				      unsigned int hwoff,
-				      unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
-				      snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	int err;
-	char __user *buf = (char __user *) data + frames_to_bytes(runtime, off);
-	if (substream->ops->copy) {
-		if ((err = substream->ops->copy(substream, -1, hwoff, buf, frames)) < 0)
-			return err;
-	} else {
-		char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + frames_to_bytes(runtime, hwoff);
-		if (copy_from_user(hwbuf, buf, frames_to_bytes(runtime, frames)))
-			return -EFAULT;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
- 
-typedef int (*transfer_f)(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, unsigned int hwoff,
-			  unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
-			  snd_pcm_uframes_t size);
-
-static snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_write1(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, 
-					    unsigned long data,
-					    snd_pcm_uframes_t size,
-					    int nonblock,
-					    transfer_f transfer)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t xfer = 0;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t offset = 0;
-	int err = 0;
-
-	if (size == 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
-	switch (runtime->status->state) {
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
-		break;
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
-		err = -EPIPE;
-		goto _end_unlock;
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
-		err = -ESTRPIPE;
-		goto _end_unlock;
-	default:
-		err = -EBADFD;
-		goto _end_unlock;
-	}
-
-	runtime->twake = runtime->control->avail_min ? : 1;
-	while (size > 0) {
-		snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, appl_ptr, appl_ofs;
-		snd_pcm_uframes_t avail;
-		snd_pcm_uframes_t cont;
-		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
-			snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream);
-		avail = snd_pcm_playback_avail(runtime);
-		if (!avail) {
-			if (nonblock) {
-				err = -EAGAIN;
-				goto _end_unlock;
-			}
-			runtime->twake = min_t(snd_pcm_uframes_t, size,
-					runtime->control->avail_min ? : 1);
-			err = wait_for_avail(substream, &avail);
-			if (err < 0)
-				goto _end_unlock;
-		}
-		frames = size > avail ? avail : size;
-		cont = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->control->appl_ptr % runtime->buffer_size;
-		if (frames > cont)
-			frames = cont;
-		if (snd_BUG_ON(!frames)) {
-			runtime->twake = 0;
-			snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
-			return -EINVAL;
-		}
-		appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr;
-		appl_ofs = appl_ptr % runtime->buffer_size;
-		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
-		err = transfer(substream, appl_ofs, data, offset, frames);
-		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
-		if (err < 0)
-			goto _end_unlock;
-		switch (runtime->status->state) {
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
-			err = -EPIPE;
-			goto _end_unlock;
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
-			err = -ESTRPIPE;
-			goto _end_unlock;
-		default:
-			break;
-		}
-		appl_ptr += frames;
-		if (appl_ptr >= runtime->boundary)
-			appl_ptr -= runtime->boundary;
-		runtime->control->appl_ptr = appl_ptr;
-		if (substream->ops->ack)
-			substream->ops->ack(substream);
-
-		offset += frames;
-		size -= frames;
-		xfer += frames;
-		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED &&
-		    snd_pcm_playback_hw_avail(runtime) >= (snd_pcm_sframes_t)runtime->start_threshold) {
-			err = snd_pcm_start(substream);
-			if (err < 0)
-				goto _end_unlock;
-		}
-	}
- _end_unlock:
-	runtime->twake = 0;
-	if (xfer > 0 && err >= 0)
-		snd_pcm_update_state(substream, runtime);
-	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
-	return xfer > 0 ? (snd_pcm_sframes_t)xfer : err;
-}
-
-/* sanity-check for read/write methods */
-static int pcm_sanity_check(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
-	if (PCM_RUNTIME_CHECK(substream))
-		return -ENXIO;
-	runtime = substream->runtime;
-	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->ops->copy && !runtime->dma_area))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
-		return -EBADFD;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_write(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, const void __user *buf, snd_pcm_uframes_t size)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
-	int nonblock;
-	int err;
-
-	err = pcm_sanity_check(substream);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	runtime = substream->runtime;
-	nonblock = !!(substream->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-
-	if (runtime->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED &&
-	    runtime->channels > 1)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	return snd_pcm_lib_write1(substream, (unsigned long)buf, size, nonblock,
-				  snd_pcm_lib_write_transfer);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_write);
-
-static int snd_pcm_lib_writev_transfer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				       unsigned int hwoff,
-				       unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
-				       snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	int err;
-	void __user **bufs = (void __user **)data;
-	int channels = runtime->channels;
-	int c;
-	if (substream->ops->copy) {
-		if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->ops->silence))
-			return -EINVAL;
-		for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c, ++bufs) {
-			if (*bufs == NULL) {
-				if ((err = substream->ops->silence(substream, c, hwoff, frames)) < 0)
-					return err;
-			} else {
-				char __user *buf = *bufs + samples_to_bytes(runtime, off);
-				if ((err = substream->ops->copy(substream, c, hwoff, buf, frames)) < 0)
-					return err;
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		/* default transfer behaviour */
-		size_t dma_csize = runtime->dma_bytes / channels;
-		for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c, ++bufs) {
-			char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + (c * dma_csize) + samples_to_bytes(runtime, hwoff);
-			if (*bufs == NULL) {
-				snd_pcm_format_set_silence(runtime->format, hwbuf, frames);
-			} else {
-				char __user *buf = *bufs + samples_to_bytes(runtime, off);
-				if (copy_from_user(hwbuf, buf, samples_to_bytes(runtime, frames)))
-					return -EFAULT;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
- 
-snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_writev(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				     void __user **bufs,
-				     snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
-	int nonblock;
-	int err;
-
-	err = pcm_sanity_check(substream);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	runtime = substream->runtime;
-	nonblock = !!(substream->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-
-	if (runtime->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	return snd_pcm_lib_write1(substream, (unsigned long)bufs, frames,
-				  nonblock, snd_pcm_lib_writev_transfer);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_writev);
-
-static int snd_pcm_lib_read_transfer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, 
-				     unsigned int hwoff,
-				     unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
-				     snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	int err;
-	char __user *buf = (char __user *) data + frames_to_bytes(runtime, off);
-	if (substream->ops->copy) {
-		if ((err = substream->ops->copy(substream, -1, hwoff, buf, frames)) < 0)
-			return err;
-	} else {
-		char *hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + frames_to_bytes(runtime, hwoff);
-		if (copy_to_user(buf, hwbuf, frames_to_bytes(runtime, frames)))
-			return -EFAULT;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_read1(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-					   unsigned long data,
-					   snd_pcm_uframes_t size,
-					   int nonblock,
-					   transfer_f transfer)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t xfer = 0;
-	snd_pcm_uframes_t offset = 0;
-	int err = 0;
-
-	if (size == 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
-	switch (runtime->status->state) {
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PREPARED:
-		if (size >= runtime->start_threshold) {
-			err = snd_pcm_start(substream);
-			if (err < 0)
-				goto _end_unlock;
-		}
-		break;
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING:
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING:
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_PAUSED:
-		break;
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
-		err = -EPIPE;
-		goto _end_unlock;
-	case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
-		err = -ESTRPIPE;
-		goto _end_unlock;
-	default:
-		err = -EBADFD;
-		goto _end_unlock;
-	}
-
-	runtime->twake = runtime->control->avail_min ? : 1;
-	while (size > 0) {
-		snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, appl_ptr, appl_ofs;
-		snd_pcm_uframes_t avail;
-		snd_pcm_uframes_t cont;
-		if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
-			snd_pcm_update_hw_ptr(substream);
-		avail = snd_pcm_capture_avail(runtime);
-		if (!avail) {
-			if (runtime->status->state ==
-			    SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING) {
-				snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SETUP);
-				goto _end_unlock;
-			}
-			if (nonblock) {
-				err = -EAGAIN;
-				goto _end_unlock;
-			}
-			runtime->twake = min_t(snd_pcm_uframes_t, size,
-					runtime->control->avail_min ? : 1);
-			err = wait_for_avail(substream, &avail);
-			if (err < 0)
-				goto _end_unlock;
-			if (!avail)
-				continue; /* draining */
-		}
-		frames = size > avail ? avail : size;
-		cont = runtime->buffer_size - runtime->control->appl_ptr % runtime->buffer_size;
-		if (frames > cont)
-			frames = cont;
-		if (snd_BUG_ON(!frames)) {
-			runtime->twake = 0;
-			snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
-			return -EINVAL;
-		}
-		appl_ptr = runtime->control->appl_ptr;
-		appl_ofs = appl_ptr % runtime->buffer_size;
-		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
-		err = transfer(substream, appl_ofs, data, offset, frames);
-		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
-		if (err < 0)
-			goto _end_unlock;
-		switch (runtime->status->state) {
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN:
-			err = -EPIPE;
-			goto _end_unlock;
-		case SNDRV_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED:
-			err = -ESTRPIPE;
-			goto _end_unlock;
-		default:
-			break;
-		}
-		appl_ptr += frames;
-		if (appl_ptr >= runtime->boundary)
-			appl_ptr -= runtime->boundary;
-		runtime->control->appl_ptr = appl_ptr;
-		if (substream->ops->ack)
-			substream->ops->ack(substream);
-
-		offset += frames;
-		size -= frames;
-		xfer += frames;
-	}
- _end_unlock:
-	runtime->twake = 0;
-	if (xfer > 0 && err >= 0)
-		snd_pcm_update_state(substream, runtime);
-	snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
-	return xfer > 0 ? (snd_pcm_sframes_t)xfer : err;
-}
-
-snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_read(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, void __user *buf, snd_pcm_uframes_t size)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
-	int nonblock;
-	int err;
-	
-	err = pcm_sanity_check(substream);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	runtime = substream->runtime;
-	nonblock = !!(substream->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	if (runtime->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	return snd_pcm_lib_read1(substream, (unsigned long)buf, size, nonblock, snd_pcm_lib_read_transfer);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_read);
-
-static int snd_pcm_lib_readv_transfer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				      unsigned int hwoff,
-				      unsigned long data, unsigned int off,
-				      snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	int err;
-	void __user **bufs = (void __user **)data;
-	int channels = runtime->channels;
-	int c;
-	if (substream->ops->copy) {
-		for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c, ++bufs) {
-			char __user *buf;
-			if (*bufs == NULL)
-				continue;
-			buf = *bufs + samples_to_bytes(runtime, off);
-			if ((err = substream->ops->copy(substream, c, hwoff, buf, frames)) < 0)
-				return err;
-		}
-	} else {
-		snd_pcm_uframes_t dma_csize = runtime->dma_bytes / channels;
-		for (c = 0; c < channels; ++c, ++bufs) {
-			char *hwbuf;
-			char __user *buf;
-			if (*bufs == NULL)
-				continue;
-
-			hwbuf = runtime->dma_area + (c * dma_csize) + samples_to_bytes(runtime, hwoff);
-			buf = *bufs + samples_to_bytes(runtime, off);
-			if (copy_to_user(buf, hwbuf, samples_to_bytes(runtime, frames)))
-				return -EFAULT;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
- 
-snd_pcm_sframes_t snd_pcm_lib_readv(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
-				    void __user **bufs,
-				    snd_pcm_uframes_t frames)
-{
-	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
-	int nonblock;
-	int err;
-
-	err = pcm_sanity_check(substream);
-	if (err < 0)
-		return err;
-	runtime = substream->runtime;
-	if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_OPEN)
-		return -EBADFD;
-
-	nonblock = !!(substream->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
-	if (runtime->access != SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	return snd_pcm_lib_read1(substream, (unsigned long)bufs, frames, nonblock, snd_pcm_lib_readv_transfer);
-}
-
-EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_lib_readv);