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+/* $Id: CoinMessageHandler.hpp 1514 2011-12-10 23:35:23Z lou $ */
+// Copyright (C) 2002, International Business Machines
+// Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
+// This code is licensed under the terms of the Eclipse Public License (EPL).
+
+#ifndef CoinMessageHandler_H
+#define CoinMessageHandler_H
+
+#include "CoinUtilsConfig.h"
+#include "CoinPragma.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+/** \file CoinMessageHandler.hpp
+    \brief This is a first attempt at a message handler.
+
+ The COIN Project is in favo(u)r of multi-language support. This implementation
+ of a message handler tries to make it as lightweight as possible in the sense
+ that only a subset of messages need to be defined --- the rest default to US
+ English.
+
+ The default handler at present just prints to stdout or to a FILE pointer
+
+ \todo
+ This needs to be worked over for correct operation with ISO character codes.
+*/
+
+/*
+ I (jjf) am strongly in favo(u)r of language support for an open
+ source project, but I have tried to make it as lightweight as
+ possible in the sense that only a subset of messages need to be
+ defined - the rest default to US English.  There will be different
+ sets of messages for each component - so at present there is a
+ Clp component and a Coin component.
+
+ Because messages are only used in a controlled environment and have no
+ impact on code and are tested by other tests I have included tests such
+ as language and derivation in other unit tests.
+*/
+/*
+  Where there are derived classes I (jjf) have started message numbers at 1001.
+*/
+
+
+/** \brief Class for one massaged message.
+
+  A message consists of a text string with formatting codes (#message_),
+  an integer identifier (#externalNumber_) which also determines the severity
+  level (#severity_) of the message, and a detail (logging) level (#detail_).
+
+  CoinOneMessage is just a container to hold this information. The
+  interpretation is set by CoinMessageHandler, which see.
+ */
+
+class CoinOneMessage {
+
+public:
+  /**@name Constructors etc */
+  //@{
+  /** Default constructor. */
+  CoinOneMessage();
+  /** Normal constructor */
+  CoinOneMessage(int externalNumber, char detail,
+		const char * message);
+  /** Destructor */
+  ~CoinOneMessage();
+  /** The copy constructor */
+  CoinOneMessage(const CoinOneMessage&);
+  /** assignment operator. */
+  CoinOneMessage& operator=(const CoinOneMessage&);
+  //@}
+
+  /**@name Useful stuff */
+  //@{
+  /// Replace message text (<i>e.g.</i>, text in a different language)
+  void replaceMessage(const char * message);
+  //@}
+
+  /**@name Get and set methods */
+  //@{
+  /** Get message ID number */
+  inline int externalNumber() const
+  {return externalNumber_;}
+  /** \brief Set message ID number
+  
+    In the default CoinMessageHandler, this number is printed in the message
+    prefix and is used to determine the message severity level.
+  */
+  inline void setExternalNumber(int number) 
+  {externalNumber_=number;}
+  /// Severity
+  inline char severity() const
+  {return severity_;}
+  /// Set detail level
+  inline void setDetail(int level)
+  {detail_=static_cast<char> (level);}
+  /// Get detail level
+  inline int detail() const
+  {return detail_;}
+  /// Return the message text
+  inline char * message() const 
+  {return message_;}
+  //@}
+
+  /**@name member data */
+  //@{
+  /// number to print out (also determines severity)
+    int externalNumber_;
+  /// Will only print if detail matches
+    char detail_;
+  /// Severity
+    char severity_;
+  /// Messages (in correct language) (not all 400 may exist)
+  mutable char message_[400];
+  //@}
+};
+
+/** \brief Class to hold and manipulate an array of massaged messages.
+
+  Note that the message index used to reference a message in the array of
+  messages is completely distinct from the external ID number stored with the
+  message.
+*/
+
+class CoinMessages {
+
+public:
+  /** \brief Supported languages
+  
+    These are the languages that are supported.  At present only
+    us_en is serious and the rest are for testing.
+  */
+  enum Language {
+    us_en = 0,
+    uk_en,
+    it
+  };
+
+  /**@name Constructors etc */
+  //@{
+  /** Constructor with number of messages. */
+  CoinMessages(int numberMessages=0);
+  /** Destructor */
+  ~CoinMessages();
+  /** The copy constructor */
+  CoinMessages(const CoinMessages&);
+  /** assignment operator. */
+  CoinMessages& operator=(const CoinMessages&);
+  //@}
+
+  /**@name Useful stuff */
+  //@{
+  /*! \brief Installs a new message in the specified index position
+
+    Any existing message is replaced, and a copy of the specified message is
+    installed.
+  */
+  void addMessage(int messageNumber, const CoinOneMessage & message);
+  /*! \brief Replaces the text of the specified message
+
+    Any existing text is deleted and the specified text is copied into the
+    specified message.
+  */
+  void replaceMessage(int messageNumber, const char * message);
+  /** Language.  Need to think about iso codes */
+  inline Language language() const
+  {return language_;}
+  /** Set language */
+  void setLanguage(Language newlanguage)
+  {language_ = newlanguage;}
+  /// Change detail level for one message
+  void setDetailMessage(int newLevel, int messageNumber);
+  /** \brief Change detail level for several messages
+
+    messageNumbers is expected to contain the indices of the messages to be
+    changed.
+    If numberMessages >= 10000 or messageNumbers is NULL, the detail level
+    is changed on all messages.
+  */
+  void setDetailMessages(int newLevel, int numberMessages,
+			 int * messageNumbers);
+  /** Change detail level for all messages with low <= ID number < high */
+  void setDetailMessages(int newLevel, int low, int high);
+
+  /// Returns class
+  inline int getClass() const
+  { return class_;}
+  /// Moves to compact format
+  void toCompact();
+  /// Moves from compact format
+  void fromCompact();
+  //@}
+
+  /**@name member data */
+  //@{
+  /// Number of messages
+  int numberMessages_;
+  /// Language 
+  Language language_;
+  /// Source (null-terminated string, maximum 4 characters).
+  char source_[5];
+  /// Class - see later on before CoinMessageHandler
+  int class_;
+  /** Length of fake CoinOneMessage array.
+      First you get numberMessages_ pointers which point to stuff
+  */
+  int lengthMessages_;
+  /// Messages
+  CoinOneMessage ** message_;
+  //@}
+};
+
+// for convenience eol
+enum CoinMessageMarker {
+  CoinMessageEol = 0,
+  CoinMessageNewline = 1
+};
+
+/** Base class for message handling
+
+    The default behavior is described here: messages are printed, and (if the
+    severity is sufficiently high) execution will be aborted. Inherit and
+    redefine the methods #print and #checkSeverity to augment the behaviour.
+
+    Messages can be printed with or without a prefix; the prefix will consist
+    of a source string, the external ID number, and a letter code,
+    <i>e.g.</i>, Clp6024W.
+    A prefix makes the messages look less nimble but is very useful
+    for "grep" <i>etc</i>.
+
+    <h3> Usage </h3>
+
+    The general approach to using the COIN messaging facility is as follows:
+    <ul>
+      <li> Define your messages. For each message, you must supply an external
+	 ID number, a log (detail) level, and a format string. Typically, you
+	 define a convenience structure for this, something that's easy to
+	 use to create an array of initialised message definitions at compile
+	 time.
+      <li> Create a CoinMessages object, sized to accommodate the number of
+        messages you've defined. (Incremental growth will happen if
+	necessary as messages are loaded, but it's inefficient.)
+      <li> Load the messages into the CoinMessages object. Typically this
+	entails creating a CoinOneMessage object for each message and
+	passing it as a parameter to CoinMessages::addMessage(). You specify
+	the message's internal ID as the other parameter to addMessage.
+      <li> Create and use a CoinMessageHandler object to print messages.
+    </ul>
+    See, for example, CoinMessage.hpp and CoinMessage.cpp for an example of
+    the first three steps. `Format codes' below has a simple example of
+    printing a message.
+
+    <h3> External ID numbers and severity </h3>
+
+    CoinMessageHandler assumes the following relationship between the
+    external ID number of a message and the severity of the message:
+    \li <3000 are informational ('I')
+    \li <6000 warnings ('W')
+    \li <9000 non-fatal errors ('E')
+    \li >=9000 aborts the program (after printing the message) ('S')
+
+    <h3> Log (detail) levels </h3>
+
+    The default behaviour is that a message will print if its detail level
+    is less than or equal to the handler's log level.  If all you want to
+    do is set a single log level for the handler, use #setLogLevel(int).
+
+    If you want to get fancy, here's how it really works: There's an array,
+    #logLevels_, which you can manipulate with #setLogLevel(int,int). Each
+    entry logLevels_[i] specifies the log level for messages of class i (see
+    CoinMessages::class_). If logLevels_[0] is set to the magic number -1000
+    you get the simple behaviour described above, whatever the class of the
+    messages. If logLevels_[0] is set to a valid log level (>= 0), then
+    logLevels_[i] really is the log level for messages of class i.
+
+    <h3> Format codes </h3>
+
+    CoinMessageHandler can print integers (normal, long, and long long),
+    doubles, characters, and strings. See the descriptions of the
+    various << operators.
+    
+    When processing a standard message with a format string, the formatting
+    codes specified in the format string will be passed to the sprintf
+    function, along with the argument. When generating a message with no
+    format string, each << operator uses a simple format code appropriate for
+    its argument.  Consult the documentation for the standard printf facility
+    for further information on format codes.
+
+    The special format code `%?' provides a hook to enable or disable
+    printing.  For each `%?' code, there must be a corresponding call to
+    printing(bool).  This provides a way to define optional parts in
+    messages, delineated by the code `%?' in the format string.  Printing can
+    be suppressed for these optional parts, but any operands must still be
+    supplied. For example, given the message string
+    \verbatim
+    "A message with%? an optional integer %d and%? a double %g."
+    \endverbatim
+    installed in CoinMessages \c exampleMsgs with index 5, and
+    \c CoinMessageHandler \c hdl, the code
+    \code
+    hdl.message(5,exampleMsgs) ;
+    hdl.printing(true) << 42 ;
+    hdl.printing(true) << 53.5 << CoinMessageEol ;
+    \endcode
+    will print
+    \verbatim
+    A message with an optional integer 42 and a double 53.5.
+    \endverbatim
+    while
+    \code
+    hdl.message(5,exampleMsgs) ;
+    hdl.printing(false) << 42 ;
+    hdl.printing(true) << 53.5 << CoinMessageEol ;
+    \endcode
+    will print
+    \verbatim
+    A message with a double 53.5.
+    \endverbatim
+
+    For additional examples of usage, see CoinMessageHandlerUnitTest in
+    CoinMessageHandlerTest.cpp.
+*/
+
+class CoinMessageHandler  {
+
+friend bool CoinMessageHandlerUnitTest () ;
+
+public:
+   /**@name Virtual methods that the derived classes may provide */
+   //@{
+  /** Print message, return 0 normally.
+  */
+  virtual int print() ;
+  /** Check message severity - if too bad then abort
+  */
+  virtual void checkSeverity() ;
+   //@}
+
+  /**@name Constructors etc */
+  //@{
+  /// Constructor
+  CoinMessageHandler();
+  /// Constructor to put to file pointer (won't be closed)
+  CoinMessageHandler(FILE *fp);
+  /** Destructor */
+  virtual ~CoinMessageHandler();
+  /** The copy constructor */
+  CoinMessageHandler(const CoinMessageHandler&);
+  /** Assignment operator. */
+  CoinMessageHandler& operator=(const CoinMessageHandler&);
+  /// Clone
+  virtual CoinMessageHandler * clone() const;
+  //@}
+   /**@name Get and set methods */
+   //@{
+  /// Get detail level of a message.
+  inline int detail(int messageNumber, const CoinMessages &normalMessage) const
+  { return normalMessage.message_[messageNumber]->detail();}
+  /** Get current log (detail) level. */
+  inline int logLevel() const
+          { return logLevel_;}
+  /** \brief Set current log (detail) level.
+
+    If the log level is equal or greater than the detail level of a message,
+    the message will be printed. A rough convention for the amount of output
+    expected is
+    - 0 - none
+    - 1 - minimal
+    - 2 - normal low
+    - 3 - normal high
+    - 4 - verbose
+
+    Please assign log levels to messages accordingly. Log levels of 8 and
+    above (8,16,32, <i>etc</i>.) are intended for selective debugging.
+    The logical AND of the log level specified in the message and the current
+    log level is used to determine if the message is printed. (In other words,
+    you're using individual bits to determine which messages are printed.)
+  */
+  void setLogLevel(int value);
+  /** Get alternative log level. */
+  inline int logLevel(int which) const
+  { return logLevels_[which];}
+  /*! \brief Set alternative log level value.
+
+    Can be used to store alternative log level information within the handler.
+  */
+  void setLogLevel(int which, int value);
+
+  /// Set the number of significant digits for printing floating point numbers
+  void setPrecision(unsigned int new_precision);
+  /// Current number of significant digits for printing floating point numbers
+  inline int precision() { return (g_precision_) ; }
+
+  /// Switch message prefix on or off.
+  void setPrefix(bool yesNo);
+  /// Current setting for printing message prefix.
+  bool  prefix() const;
+  /*! \brief Values of double fields already processed.
+
+    As the parameter for a double field is processed, the value is saved
+    and can be retrieved using this function.
+  */
+  inline double doubleValue(int position) const
+  { return doubleValue_[position];}
+  /*! \brief Number of double fields already processed.
+
+    Incremented each time a field of type double is processed.
+  */
+  inline int numberDoubleFields() const
+  {return static_cast<int>(doubleValue_.size());}
+  /*! \brief Values of integer fields already processed.
+
+    As the parameter for a integer field is processed, the value is saved
+    and can be retrieved using this function.
+  */
+  inline int intValue(int position) const
+  { return longValue_[position];}
+  /*! \brief Number of integer fields already processed.
+
+    Incremented each time a field of type integer is processed.
+  */
+  inline int numberIntFields() const
+  {return static_cast<int>(longValue_.size());}
+  /*! \brief Values of char fields already processed.
+
+    As the parameter for a char field is processed, the value is saved
+    and can be retrieved using this function.
+  */
+  inline char charValue(int position) const
+  { return charValue_[position];}
+  /*! \brief Number of char fields already processed.
+
+    Incremented each time a field of type char is processed.
+  */
+  inline int numberCharFields() const
+  {return static_cast<int>(charValue_.size());}
+  /*! \brief Values of string fields already processed.
+
+    As the parameter for a string field is processed, the value is saved
+    and can be retrieved using this function.
+  */
+  inline std::string stringValue(int position) const
+  { return stringValue_[position];}
+  /*! \brief Number of string fields already processed.
+
+    Incremented each time a field of type string is processed.
+  */
+  inline int numberStringFields() const
+  {return static_cast<int>(stringValue_.size());}
+
+  /// Current message
+  inline CoinOneMessage  currentMessage() const
+  {return currentMessage_;}
+  /// Source of current message
+  inline std::string currentSource() const
+  {return source_;}
+  /// Output buffer
+  inline const char * messageBuffer() const
+  {return messageBuffer_;}
+  /// Highest message number (indicates any errors)
+  inline int highestNumber() const
+  {return highestNumber_;}
+  /// Get current file pointer
+  inline FILE * filePointer() const
+  { return fp_;}
+  /// Set new file pointer
+  inline void setFilePointer(FILE * fp)
+  { fp_ = fp;}
+  //@}
+  
+  /**@name Actions to create a message  */
+  //@{
+  /*! \brief Start a message
+
+    Look up the specified message. A prefix will be generated if enabled.
+    The message will be printed if the current log level is equal or greater
+    than the log level of the message.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler &message(int messageNumber,
+			      const CoinMessages &messages) ;
+
+  /*! \brief Start or continue a message
+
+    With detail = -1 (default), does nothing except return a reference to the
+    handler. (I.e., msghandler.message() << "foo" is precisely equivalent
+    to msghandler << "foo".) If \p msgDetail is >= 0, is will be used
+    as the detail level to determine whether the message should print
+    (assuming class 0).
+
+    This can be used with any of the << operators. One use is to start
+    a message which will be constructed entirely from scratch. Another
+    use is continuation of a message after code that interrupts the usual
+    sequence of << operators.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & message(int detail = -1) ;
+
+  /*! \brief Print a complete message
+  
+    Generate a standard prefix and append \c msg `as is'. This is intended as
+    a transition mechanism.  The standard prefix is generated (if enabled),
+    and \c msg is appended. The message must be ended with a CoinMessageEol
+    marker. Attempts to add content with << will have no effect.
+
+    The default value of \p detail will not change printing status. If
+    \p detail is >= 0, it will be used as the detail level to determine
+    whether the message should print (assuming class 0).
+
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler &message(int externalNumber, const char *source,
+			      const char *msg,
+			      char severity, int detail = -1) ;
+
+  /*! \brief Process an integer parameter value.
+
+    The default format code is `%d'.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & operator<< (int intvalue);
+#if COIN_BIG_INDEX==1
+  /*! \brief Process a long integer parameter value.
+
+    The default format code is `%ld'.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & operator<< (long longvalue);
+#endif
+#if COIN_BIG_INDEX==2
+  /*! \brief Process a long long integer parameter value.
+
+    The default format code is `%ld'.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & operator<< (long long longvalue);
+#endif
+  /*! \brief Process a double parameter value.
+
+    The default format code is `%d'.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & operator<< (double doublevalue);
+  /*! \brief Process a STL string parameter value.
+
+    The default format code is `%g'.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & operator<< (const std::string& stringvalue);
+  /*! \brief Process a char parameter value.
+
+    The default format code is `%s'.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & operator<< (char charvalue);
+  /*! \brief Process a C-style string parameter value.
+
+    The default format code is `%c'.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & operator<< (const char *stringvalue);
+  /*! \brief Process a marker.
+
+    The default format code is `%s'.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & operator<< (CoinMessageMarker);
+  /** Finish (and print) the message.
+  
+    Equivalent to using the CoinMessageEol marker.
+  */
+  int finish();
+  /*! \brief Enable or disable printing of an optional portion of a message.
+
+    Optional portions of a message are delimited by `%?' markers, and
+    printing processes one %? marker. If \c onOff is true, the subsequent
+    portion of the message (to the next %? marker or the end of the format
+    string) will be printed. If \c onOff is false, printing is suppressed.
+    Parameters must still be supplied, whether printing is suppressed or not.
+    See the class documentation for an example.
+  */
+  CoinMessageHandler & printing(bool onOff);
+
+  //@}
+
+  /** Log levels will be by type and will then use type
+      given in CoinMessage::class_
+
+    - 0 - Branch and bound code or similar
+    - 1 - Solver
+    - 2 - Stuff in Coin directory
+    - 3 - Cut generators
+  */
+#define COIN_NUM_LOG 4
+/// Maximum length of constructed message (characters)
+#define COIN_MESSAGE_HANDLER_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 1000
+protected:
+  /**@name Protected member data */
+  //@{
+  /// values in message
+  std::vector<double> doubleValue_;
+  std::vector<int> longValue_;
+  std::vector<char> charValue_;
+  std::vector<std::string> stringValue_;
+  /// Log level
+  int logLevel_;
+  /// Log levels
+  int logLevels_[COIN_NUM_LOG];
+  /// Whether we want prefix (may get more subtle so is int)
+  int prefix_;
+  /// Current message
+  CoinOneMessage  currentMessage_;
+  /// Internal number for use with enums
+  int internalNumber_;
+  /// Format string for message (remainder)
+  char * format_;
+  /// Output buffer
+  char messageBuffer_[COIN_MESSAGE_HANDLER_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  /// Position in output buffer
+  char * messageOut_;
+  /// Current source of message
+  std::string source_;
+  /** 0 - Normal.
+      1 - Put in values, move along format, but don't print.
+      2 - A complete message was provided; nothing more to do but print
+          when CoinMessageEol is processed. Any << operators are treated
+	  as noops.
+      3 - do nothing except look for CoinMessageEol (i.e., the message
+          detail level was not sufficient to cause it to print).
+  */
+  int printStatus_;
+  /// Highest message number (indicates any errors)
+  int highestNumber_;
+  /// File pointer
+  FILE * fp_;
+  /// Current format for floating point numbers
+  char g_format_[8];
+  /// Current number of significant digits for floating point numbers
+  int g_precision_ ;
+   //@}
+
+private:
+
+  /** The body of the copy constructor and the assignment operator */
+  void gutsOfCopy(const CoinMessageHandler &rhs) ;
+
+  /*! \brief Internal function to locate next format code.
+
+    Intended for internal use. Side effects modify the format string.
+  */
+  char *nextPerCent(char *start, const bool initial = false) ;
+
+  /*! \brief Internal printing function.
+  
+    Makes it easier to split up print into clean, print and check severity
+  */
+  int internalPrint() ;
+
+  /// Decide if this message should print.
+  void calcPrintStatus(int msglvl, int msgclass) ;
+    
+
+};
+
+//#############################################################################
+/** A function that tests the methods in the CoinMessageHandler class. The
+    only reason for it not to be a member method is that this way it doesn't
+    have to be compiled into the library. And that's a gain, because the
+    library should be compiled with optimization on, but this method should be
+    compiled with debugging. */
+bool
+CoinMessageHandlerUnitTest();
+
+#endif