1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
|
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: isort
Version: 4.3.21
Summary: A Python utility / library to sort Python imports.
Home-page: https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort
Author: Timothy Crosley
Author-email: timothy.crosley@gmail.com
License: MIT
Keywords: Refactor,Python,Python2,Python3,Refactoring,Imports,Sort,Clean
Platform: UNKNOWN
Classifier: Development Status :: 6 - Mature
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
Classifier: Natural Language :: English
Classifier: Environment :: Console
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
Classifier: Topic :: Utilities
Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*
Requires-Dist: futures ; python_version < "3.2"
Requires-Dist: backports.functools-lru-cache ; python_version < "3.2"
Provides-Extra: pipfile
Requires-Dist: pipreqs ; extra == 'pipfile'
Requires-Dist: requirementslib ; extra == 'pipfile'
Provides-Extra: pyproject
Requires-Dist: toml ; extra == 'pyproject'
Provides-Extra: requirements
Requires-Dist: pipreqs ; extra == 'requirements'
Requires-Dist: pip-api ; extra == 'requirements'
Provides-Extra: xdg_home
Requires-Dist: appdirs (>=1.4.0) ; extra == 'xdg_home'
.. image:: https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/logo.png
:alt: isort
########
.. image:: https://badge.fury.io/py/isort.svg
:target: https://badge.fury.io/py/isort
:alt: PyPI version
.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/timothycrosley/isort.svg?branch=master
:target: https://travis-ci.org/timothycrosley/isort
:alt: Build Status
.. image:: https://coveralls.io/repos/timothycrosley/isort/badge.svg?branch=release%2F2.6.0&service=github
:target: https://coveralls.io/github/timothycrosley/isort?branch=release%2F2.6.0
:alt: Coverage
.. image:: https://img.shields.io/github/license/mashape/apistatus.svg
:target: https://pypi.org/project/hug/
:alt: License
.. image:: https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg
:alt: Join the chat at https://gitter.im/timothycrosley/isort
:target: https://gitter.im/timothycrosley/isort?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge
.. image:: https://pepy.tech/badge/isort
:alt: Downloads
:target: https://pepy.tech/project/isort
isort your python imports for you so you don't have to.
isort is a Python utility / library to sort imports alphabetically, and automatically separated into sections.
It provides a command line utility, Python library and `plugins for various editors <https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort/wiki/isort-Plugins>`_ to quickly sort all your imports.
It currently cleanly supports Python 2.7 and 3.4+ without any dependencies.
.. image:: https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/develop/example.gif
:alt: Example Usage
Before isort:
.. code-block:: python
from my_lib import Object
print("Hey")
import os
from my_lib import Object3
from my_lib import Object2
import sys
from third_party import lib15, lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4, lib5, lib6, lib7, lib8, lib9, lib10, lib11, lib12, lib13, lib14
import sys
from __future__ import absolute_import
from third_party import lib3
print("yo")
After isort:
.. code-block:: python
from __future__ import absolute_import
import os
import sys
from third_party import (lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4, lib5, lib6, lib7, lib8,
lib9, lib10, lib11, lib12, lib13, lib14, lib15)
from my_lib import Object, Object2, Object3
print("Hey")
print("yo")
Installing isort
================
Installing isort is as simple as:
.. code-block:: bash
pip install isort
Install isort with requirements.txt support:
.. code-block:: bash
pip install isort[requirements]
Install isort with Pipfile support:
.. code-block:: bash
pip install isort[pipfile]
Install isort with both formats support:
.. code-block:: bash
pip install isort[requirements,pipfile]
Using isort
===========
**From the command line**:
.. code-block:: bash
isort mypythonfile.py mypythonfile2.py
or recursively:
.. code-block:: bash
isort -rc .
*which is equivalent to:*
.. code-block:: bash
isort **/*.py
or to see the proposed changes without applying them:
.. code-block:: bash
isort mypythonfile.py --diff
Finally, to atomically run isort against a project, only applying changes if they don't introduce syntax errors do:
.. code-block:: bash
isort -rc --atomic .
(Note: this is disabled by default as it keeps isort from being able to run against code written using a different version of Python)
**From within Python**:
.. code-block:: bash
from isort import SortImports
SortImports("pythonfile.py")
or:
.. code-block:: bash
from isort import SortImports
new_contents = SortImports(file_contents=old_contents).output
**From within Kate:**
.. code-block:: bash
ctrl+[
or:
.. code-block:: bash
menu > Python > Sort Imports
Installing isort's Kate plugin
==============================
For KDE 4.13+ / Pate 2.0+:
.. code-block:: bash
wget https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/kate_plugin/isort_plugin.py --output-document ~/.kde/share/apps/kate/pate/isort_plugin.py
wget https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/kate_plugin/isort_plugin_ui.rc --output-document ~/.kde/share/apps/kate/pate/isort_plugin_ui.rc
wget https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/kate_plugin/katepart_isort.desktop --output-document ~/.kde/share/kde4/services/katepart_isort.desktop
For all older versions:
.. code-block:: bash
wget https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/kate_plugin/isort_plugin_old.py --output-document ~/.kde/share/apps/kate/pate/isort_plugin.py
You will then need to restart kate and enable Python Plugins as well as the isort plugin itself.
Installing isort's for your preferred text editor
=================================================
Several plugins have been written that enable to use isort from within a variety of text-editors.
You can find a full list of them `on the isort wiki <https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort/wiki/isort-Plugins>`_.
Additionally, I will enthusiastically accept pull requests that include plugins for other text editors
and add documentation for them as I am notified.
How does isort work?
====================
isort parses specified files for global level import lines (imports outside of try / except blocks, functions, etc..)
and puts them all at the top of the file grouped together by the type of import:
- Future
- Python Standard Library
- Third Party
- Current Python Project
- Explicitly Local (. before import, as in: ``from . import x``)
- Custom Separate Sections (Defined by forced_separate list in configuration file)
- Custom Sections (Defined by sections list in configuration file)
Inside of each section the imports are sorted alphabetically. isort automatically removes duplicate python imports,
and wraps long from imports to the specified line length (defaults to 79).
When will isort not work?
=========================
If you ever have the situation where you need to have a try / except block in the middle of top-level imports or if
your import order is directly linked to precedence.
For example: a common practice in Django settings files is importing * from various settings files to form
a new settings file. In this case if any of the imports change order you are changing the settings definition itself.
However, you can configure isort to skip over just these files - or even to force certain imports to the top.
Configuring isort
=================
If you find the default isort settings do not work well for your project, isort provides several ways to adjust
the behavior.
To configure isort for a single user create a ``~/.isort.cfg`` or ``$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/isort.cfg`` file:
.. code-block:: ini
[settings]
line_length=120
force_to_top=file1.py,file2.py
skip=file3.py,file4.py
known_future_library=future,pies
known_standard_library=std,std2
known_third_party=randomthirdparty
known_first_party=mylib1,mylib2
indent=' '
multi_line_output=3
length_sort=1
forced_separate=django.contrib,django.utils
default_section=FIRSTPARTY
no_lines_before=LOCALFOLDER
Additionally, you can specify project level configuration simply by placing a ``.isort.cfg`` file at the root of your
project. isort will look up to 25 directories up, from the file it is ran against, to find a project specific configuration.
Or, if you prefer, you can add an ``isort`` or ``tool:isort`` section to your project's ``setup.cfg`` or ``tox.ini`` file with any desired settings.
You can also add your desired settings under a ``[tool.isort]`` section in your ``pyproject.toml`` file.
You can then override any of these settings by using command line arguments, or by passing in override values to the
SortImports class.
Finally, as of version 3.0 isort supports editorconfig files using the standard syntax defined here:
https://editorconfig.org/
Meaning you place any standard isort configuration parameters within a .editorconfig file under the ``*.py`` section
and they will be honored.
For a full list of isort settings and their meanings `take a look at the isort wiki <https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort/wiki/isort-Settings>`_.
Multi line output modes
=======================
You will notice above the "multi_line_output" setting. This setting defines how from imports wrap when they extend
past the line_length limit and has 6 possible settings:
**0 - Grid**
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import (lib1, lib2, lib3,
lib4, lib5, ...)
**1 - Vertical**
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import (lib1,
lib2,
lib3
lib4,
lib5,
...)
**2 - Hanging Indent**
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import \
lib1, lib2, lib3, \
lib4, lib5, lib6
**3 - Vertical Hanging Indent**
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import (
lib1,
lib2,
lib3,
lib4,
)
**4 - Hanging Grid**
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import (
lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4,
lib5, ...)
**5 - Hanging Grid Grouped**
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import (
lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4,
lib5, ...
)
**6 - Hanging Grid Grouped, No Trailing Comma**
In Mode 5 isort leaves a single extra space to maintain consistency of output when a comma is added at the end.
Mode 6 is the same - except that no extra space is maintained leading to the possibility of lines one character longer.
You can enforce a trailing comma by using this in conjunction with `-tc` or `trailing_comma: True`.
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import (
lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4,
lib5
)
**7 - NOQA**
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import lib1, lib2, lib3, ... # NOQA
Alternatively, you can set ``force_single_line`` to ``True`` (``-sl`` on the command line) and every import will appear on its
own line:
.. code-block:: python
from third_party import lib1
from third_party import lib2
from third_party import lib3
...
Note: to change the how constant indents appear - simply change the indent property with the following accepted formats:
* Number of spaces you would like. For example: 4 would cause standard 4 space indentation.
* Tab
* A verbatim string with quotes around it.
For example:
.. code-block:: python
" "
is equivalent to 4.
For the import styles that use parentheses, you can control whether or not to
include a trailing comma after the last import with the ``include_trailing_comma``
option (defaults to ``False``).
Intelligently Balanced Multi-line Imports
=========================================
As of isort 3.1.0 support for balanced multi-line imports has been added.
With this enabled isort will dynamically change the import length to the one that produces the most balanced grid,
while staying below the maximum import length defined.
Example:
.. code-block:: python
from __future__ import (absolute_import, division,
print_function, unicode_literals)
Will be produced instead of:
.. code-block:: python
from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function,
unicode_literals)
To enable this set ``balanced_wrapping`` to ``True`` in your config or pass the ``-e`` option into the command line utility.
Custom Sections and Ordering
============================
You can change the section order with ``sections`` option from the default of:
.. code-block:: ini
FUTURE,STDLIB,THIRDPARTY,FIRSTPARTY,LOCALFOLDER
to your preference:
.. code-block:: ini
sections=FUTURE,STDLIB,FIRSTPARTY,THIRDPARTY,LOCALFOLDER
You also can define your own sections and their order.
Example:
.. code-block:: ini
known_django=django
known_pandas=pandas,numpy
sections=FUTURE,STDLIB,DJANGO,THIRDPARTY,PANDAS,FIRSTPARTY,LOCALFOLDER
would create two new sections with the specified known modules.
The ``no_lines_before`` option will prevent the listed sections from being split from the previous section by an empty line.
Example:
.. code-block:: ini
sections=FUTURE,STDLIB,THIRDPARTY,FIRSTPARTY,LOCALFOLDER
no_lines_before=LOCALFOLDER
would produce a section with both FIRSTPARTY and LOCALFOLDER modules combined.
Auto-comment import sections
============================
Some projects prefer to have import sections uniquely titled to aid in identifying the sections quickly
when visually scanning. isort can automate this as well. To do this simply set the ``import_heading_{section_name}``
setting for each section you wish to have auto commented - to the desired comment.
For Example:
.. code-block:: ini
import_heading_stdlib=Standard Library
import_heading_firstparty=My Stuff
Would lead to output looking like the following:
.. code-block:: python
# Standard Library
import os
import sys
import django.settings
# My Stuff
import myproject.test
Ordering by import length
=========================
isort also makes it easy to sort your imports by length, simply by setting the ``length_sort`` option to ``True``.
This will result in the following output style:
.. code-block:: python
from evn.util import (
Pool,
Dict,
Options,
Constant,
DecayDict,
UnexpectedCodePath,
)
It is also possible to opt-in to sorting imports by length for only specific
sections by using ``length_sort_`` followed by the section name as a
configuration item, e.g.::
length_sort_stdlib=1
Skip processing of imports (outside of configuration)
=====================================================
To make isort ignore a single import simply add a comment at the end of the import line containing the text ``isort:skip``:
.. code-block:: python
import module # isort:skip
or:
.. code-block:: python
from xyz import (abc, # isort:skip
yo,
hey)
To make isort skip an entire file simply add ``isort:skip_file`` to the module's doc string:
.. code-block:: python
""" my_module.py
Best module ever
isort:skip_file
"""
import b
import a
Adding an import to multiple files
==================================
isort makes it easy to add an import statement across multiple files, while being assured it's correctly placed.
From the command line:
.. code-block:: bash
isort -a "from __future__ import print_function" *.py
from within Kate:
.. code-block::
ctrl+]
or:
.. code-block::
menu > Python > Add Import
Removing an import from multiple files
======================================
isort also makes it easy to remove an import from multiple files, without having to be concerned with how it was originally
formatted.
From the command line:
.. code-block:: bash
isort -rm "os.system" *.py
from within Kate:
.. code-block::
ctrl+shift+]
or:
.. code-block::
menu > Python > Remove Import
Using isort to verify code
==========================
The ``--check-only`` option
---------------------------
isort can also be used to used to verify that code is correctly formatted by running it with ``-c``.
Any files that contain incorrectly sorted and/or formatted imports will be outputted to ``stderr``.
.. code-block:: bash
isort **/*.py -c -vb
SUCCESS: /home/timothy/Projects/Open_Source/isort/isort_kate_plugin.py Everything Looks Good!
ERROR: /home/timothy/Projects/Open_Source/isort/isort/isort.py Imports are incorrectly sorted.
One great place this can be used is with a pre-commit git hook, such as this one by @acdha:
https://gist.github.com/acdha/8717683
This can help to ensure a certain level of code quality throughout a project.
Git hook
--------
isort provides a hook function that can be integrated into your Git pre-commit script to check
Python code before committing.
To cause the commit to fail if there are isort errors (strict mode), include the following in
``.git/hooks/pre-commit``:
.. code-block:: python
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
from isort.hooks import git_hook
sys.exit(git_hook(strict=True, modify=True))
If you just want to display warnings, but allow the commit to happen anyway, call ``git_hook`` without
the `strict` parameter. If you want to display warnings, but not also fix the code, call ``git_hook`` without
the `modify` parameter.
Setuptools integration
----------------------
Upon installation, isort enables a ``setuptools`` command that checks Python files
declared by your project.
Running ``python setup.py isort`` on the command line will check the files
listed in your ``py_modules`` and ``packages``. If any warning is found,
the command will exit with an error code:
.. code-block:: bash
$ python setup.py isort
Also, to allow users to be able to use the command without having to install
isort themselves, add isort to the setup_requires of your ``setup()`` like so:
.. code-block:: python
setup(
name="project",
packages=["project"],
setup_requires=[
"isort"
]
)
Why isort?
==========
isort simply stands for import sort. It was originally called "sortImports" however I got tired of typing the extra
characters and came to the realization camelCase is not pythonic.
I wrote isort because in an organization I used to work in the manager came in one day and decided all code must
have alphabetically sorted imports. The code base was huge - and he meant for us to do it by hand. However, being a
programmer - I'm too lazy to spend 8 hours mindlessly performing a function, but not too lazy to spend 16
hours automating it. I was given permission to open source sortImports and here we are :)
--------------------------------------------
Thanks and I hope you find isort useful!
~Timothy Crosley
|